Antenna radiation unit and antenna

Abstract

Disclosed is an antenna radiation unit (100). The antenna radiation unit (100) comprises a feed balun (1) and at least one radiation oscillator (2). The feed balun (1) comprises at least one feed substrate (11) and a feed structure (12) provided on the feed substrate (11). The radiation oscillator (2) comprises two oscillator arms (20); each oscillator arm (20) comprises an oscillator substrate (21) and a radiation arm (22) arranged on the oscillator substrate (21); and the oscillator substrates (21) of the two oscillator arms (20) are connected to the feed substrate (11) and respectively extend towards the two sides of the feed substrate (11). The radiation arms (22) are coupled to the feed structure (12); each radiation arm (22) comprises a connection branch (221) and a plurality of resonant cavities (222); the plurality of resonant cavities (222) are arranged in the extension direction of the oscillator arms (20) and are connected to each other by means of the connection branch (221) at one side of the extension direction. Further disclosed is an antenna comprising the antenna radiation unit (100).

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202211449812.5 filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on November 18, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication device technologies, and in particular, to an antenna radiation unit and an antenna.BACKGROUND

[0003] The radiation unit is a main component of the antenna, which is configured to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves in a directional manner to achieve wireless communication. A dual-polarized radiation unit can achieve polarization diversity and can operate in a transmit-receive duplex mode, greatly reducing the number of antennas and the occupied space. Considering the problem of operating costs, a multi-frequency array antenna in which a low-frequency radiation unit and a high-frequency radiation unit are mixed is commonly used, for example, a hybrid array antenna of a 4G antenna and a 5G massive MIMO antenna. A low-frequency radiation unit of the 4G antenna may couple radiation energy of a high-frequency radiation unit of the 5G antenna, resulting in beam deformation of the massive MIMO antenna, leading to serious interference with a high-frequency signal, affecting a coverage range of the high-frequency radiation unit, and reducing isolation between high and low frequencies.

[0004] In the related art, a band-stop filter is inserted into the low-frequency radiation unit to suppress induced current generated by a high-frequency electromagnetic wave on the low-frequency radiation unit and weaken an influence of the low-frequency radiation unit on the high-frequency radiation unit. However, due to a need to load several independent band-stop filters, a radiation surface of the low-frequency radiation unit is increased, shielding the high-frequency signal and affecting a high-frequency gain.SUMMARY

[0005] The present disclosure provides an antenna radiation unit and an antenna to solve the problem in the conventional art that in a high and low frequency hybrid antenna array, a low-frequency radiation unit may shield a high-frequency radiation unit and affect a high-frequency gain.

[0006] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, an antenna radiation unit is provided. The antenna radiation unit includes: a feed balun including at least one feed substrate and a feed structure arranged on the feed substrate; and a radiation oscillator including two oscillator arms, each of the two oscillator arms including an oscillator substrate and a radiation arm arranged on the oscillator substrate, and the oscillator substrates of the two oscillator arms being connected to the feed substrate and respectively extending towards two sides of the feed substrate. The radiation arm is coupled to the feed structure, and the radiation arm includes a connection branch and a plurality of resonant cavities. The plurality of resonant cavities are arranged in an extension direction of the oscillator arm and are connected to each other through the connection branch on one side of the extension direction.

[0007] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, at least one of the oscillator substrate and the resonant cavity is in the shape of a rectangle.

[0008] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, adjacent ones of the plurality of resonant cavities are spaced apart from each other.

[0009] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, the feed substrate and the oscillator substrate connected thereto are integrally formed.

[0010] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, the feed substrate and the oscillator substrate connected thereto form a single printed circuit board (PCB) substrate, and the feed structure and the radiation arm are formed by a copper layer arranged on the PCB substrate.

[0011] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, the antenna radiation unit includes two radiation oscillators orthogonal to each other, and the feed balun includes two feed substrates orthogonal to each other. Each of the two radiation oscillators is connected to a corresponding feed substrate of the two feed substrates, and the feed structure is arranged on the two feed substrates.

[0012] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, in a case that the antenna radiation unit includes the two radiation oscillators, the antenna radiation unit includes four oscillator arms. The feed structure includes a microstrip structure and a differential structure. The microstrip structure includes four first microstrips, each of the four first microstrips is coupled to the radiation arm of a corresponding oscillator arm of the four oscillator arms, and the two feed substrates are each provided with the differential structure.

[0013] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, two first microstrips connected to one of the two radiation oscillators are coupled to each other through the differential structure on one of the two feed substrates, and two first microstrips connected to the other of the two radiation oscillators are coupled to each other through the differential structure on the other of the two feed substrates, to form a dual-polarized radiation unit.

[0014] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, the four oscillator arms are rotationally symmetrical with an intersection line of the two feed substrates as a center, and the four first microstrips are respectively located in four quadrants formed orthogonally by the two feed substrates and are rotationally symmetrical with the intersection line of the two feed substrates as a center.

[0015] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, the first microstrips each include a feed section and a coupling section connected to each other. The feed section is arranged on one of the two feed substrates, and the coupling section is arranged on the other of the two feed substrates and coupled to the corresponding radiation arm.

[0016] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, the feed substrate has a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to each other, and the differential structure includes a first differential portion and a second differential portion. The first differential portion is arranged on the first side surface, the second differential portion is arranged on the second side surface, the first differential portion is coupled to the second differential portion. The feed section on the first side surface is connected to the first differential portion, and the feed section on the second side surface is connected to the second differential portion.

[0017] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, the first side surface and the second side surface are each provided with a ground layer, and the first differential portion and the second differential portion each include a plurality of feed blocks. The plurality of feed blocks are arranged sequentially, adjacent ones of the plurality of feed blocks are coupled to each other, and two outermost feed blocks of the plurality of feed blocks are respectively connected to the feed section and the ground layer.

[0018] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of feed blocks is configured to have a zigzag structure.

[0019] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, the microstrip structure further includes a second microstrip arranged on the first side surface of the feed substrate. An end of the second microstrip is connected to the feed section on the first side surface and the first differential portion, and another end of the second microstrip is connected to a feed network.

[0020] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, a first slot is arranged at a top end of one of the two feed substrates, a second slot is arranged at a bottom end of the other of the two feed substrates, and the two feed substrates are vertically inserted into each other through the first slot and the second slot.

[0021] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, the feed substrate has a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to each other, and the feed structure includes a microstrip structure and a differential structure. The differential structure includes a first differential portion and a second differential portion. The first differential portion is arranged on the first side surface, the second differential portion is arranged on the second side surface, and the first differential portion is coupled to the second differential portion. The microstrip structure includes two microstrips arranged on the first side surface and the second side surface respectively. One of the two microstrips having an end connected to the first differential portion and another end coupled to one of two radiation arms of the radiation oscillator, the other of the two microstrips having an end connected to the second differential portion and another end coupled to the other of the two radiation arms of the radiation oscillator.

[0022] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, the first differential portion and the second differential portion each include a plurality of feed blocks. The plurality of feed blocks are sequentially spaced apart, adjacent ones of the plurality of feed blocks are coupled to each other, and each of the plurality of feed blocks is configured to have a zigzag structure.

[0023] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, an antenna is provided, the antenna including at least one antenna radiation unit according to the first aspect.

[0024] In the second aspect of the present disclosure, the antenna further includes at least one high-frequency radiation unit distributed around the antenna radiation unit.

[0025] In the second aspect of the present disclosure, the antenna further includes a reflection plate. The high-frequency radiation unit and the antenna radiation unit are arranged on the reflection plate, and the oscillator substrate is perpendicular to a reflection surface of the reflection plate.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in embodiments of the present disclosure or the conventional art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional art will be briefly introduced below. It is apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can be obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art from the provided drawings without creative efforts. FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure between a feed substrate and a first radiation oscillator in the antenna radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a back view of a connection structure between a feed balun and an oscillator arm in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure between the other feed substrate and a second radiation oscillator in the antenna radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a back view of a connection structure between a feed balun and an oscillator arm in FIG. 4. FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions in the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present disclosure. Apparently, the described embodiments are merely some of rather than all of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments acquired by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0028] When a feature or an element is referred to herein as being "on" another feature or element, it may be directly on the another feature or element, or an intermediate feature and / or element may also exist. In contrast, when a feature or an element is referred to as being "directly on" another feature or element, there are no intermediate features or elements. It may be further understood that when a feature or an element is referred to as being "connected," "attached," or "coupled" to another feature or element, it may be directly connected, attached, or coupled to the another feature or element, or an intermediate feature or element may exist. In contrast, when a feature or an element is referred to as being "directly connected," "directly attached," or "directly coupled" to another feature or element, there are no intermediate features or elements.

[0029] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "under," "below," "over," and "above" may be used herein to describe a relationship of one feature or element to another feature or element as shown in the figure. It may be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of an apparatus in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the apparatus in the figures is flipped, the element or feature described as "below" another element or feature may be oriented as "on" the another element or feature. Thus, the exemplary terms "below" may include two orientations of above and below. It may be further understood that the apparatus may be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other angles), and space-related descriptions used herein may be interpreted accordingly.

[0030] Although the terms "first" and "second" may be used herein to describe various features or elements, these features or elements should not be limited by these terms unless specifically stated otherwise. These terms may be used to distinguish one feature or element from another feature or element. Thus, a first feature or element described below may be referred to as a second feature or element, and similarly, a second feature or element described below may be referred to as a first feature or element, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0031] Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 6, an antenna radiation unit and an antenna proposed in the present disclosure are described below through exemplary embodiments.

[0032] As shown in FIG. 1, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, an antenna radiation unit 100 includes a feed balun 1 and a radiation oscillator 2. The feed balun 1 includes a feed substrate 11 and a feed structure 12 arranged on the feed substrate 11. The radiation oscillator 2 includes two oscillator arms 20. Each oscillator arm 20 includes an oscillator substrate 21 and a radiation arm 22 arranged on the oscillator substrate 21. The oscillator substrates 21 of the two oscillator arms 20 are connected to the feed substrate 11 and respectively extend towards the two sides of the feed substrate 11. The radiation arm 22 is coupled to the feed structure 12. The radiation arm 22 includes a connection branch 221 and a plurality of resonant cavities 222. The plurality of resonant cavities 222 are arranged in an extension direction of the oscillator arm 20 and are connected to each other through the connection branch 221 on one side of the extension direction.

[0033] It may be understood that the extension direction of the oscillator substrate 21 is a length direction of the oscillator arm 20. The oscillator substrates 21 of the two oscillator arms 20 are coplanar and extend in opposite directions to form one radiation oscillator 2.

[0034] An end of the feed structure 12 is configured to be connected to a feed network, and the two radiation arms 22 of the radiation oscillator 2 are respectively coupled to another end of the feed structure 12, so as to achieve coupling and feeding of the radiation oscillator 2. The resonant cavities 222 and the connection branch 221 are formed by a copper layer arranged on the oscillator substrate 21. The resonant cavity 222 of the radiation arm 22 is coupled to the feed structure 12.

[0035] Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, for each radiation arm 22, the connection branch 221 includes a first connection branch 221a and a second connection branch 221b. The first connection branch 221a is located on one side of the plurality of resonant cavities 222 and extends along an arrangement direction of the plurality of resonant cavities 222. The one side of each resonant cavity 222 is connected to the first connection branch 221a through the second connection branch 221b.

[0036] The resonant cavity 222 can conduct low-frequency current in the feed structure 12 and can suppress interference of high-frequency current through resonance. That is, while radiating a low-frequency signal, the resonant cavity 222 can also filter a high-frequency signal, thereby suppressing interference of the high-frequency signal, reducing a high-frequency Q value, and reducing a radar cross section (RCS) value of the antenna radiation unit 100 in a high-frequency band, thereby achieving a purpose of stealth. It may be understood that a shape of the resonant cavity 222 and a coverage area thereof on the oscillator substrate 21 may be set according to a current frequency in the feed structure 12 and a current frequency required to be suppressed.

[0037] In the antenna radiation unit 100 in this embodiment, the radiation arm 22 is formed by arranging the plurality of resonant cavities 222 on the oscillator arm 20 and connecting the resonant cavities 222 through the connection branch 221. Referring to FIG. 6, when the antenna radiation unit 100 is combined with a high-frequency radiation unit 200 to form a multi-frequency array antenna, the radiation arm 22 can conduct the low-frequency current of the feed structure 12 on the feed balun 1, and can also effectively suppress interference of the high-frequency current, weaken an influence of the antenna radiation unit 100 on the high-frequency radiation unit 200, and improve the high-frequency gain. Moreover, the plurality of resonant cavities 222 are arranged along the length direction of the oscillator arm 20, so that the radiation arm 22 can filter the high-frequency signal, which reduces discontinuity of the oscillator arm 20 and reduces the size of the radiation surface, thereby reducing shielding of the high-frequency signal and helping improve the high-frequency gain of the high-frequency radiation unit 200.

[0038] Optionally, at least one of the oscillator substrate 21 and the resonant cavity 222 may be in the shape of a rectangle, and adjacent resonant cavities 222 may be spaced apart from each other. It may be understood that referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, the oscillator substrate 21 has a long rectangular structure, and the rectangular resonant cavity 222 can be arranged close to a side edge of the oscillator substrate 21 in the extension direction of the oscillator substrate 21 and an end edge of the oscillator substrate 21, and a gap between adjacent resonant cavities 222 can be minimized. In this way, on the premise of meeting a space requirement for layout of the connection branch 221, a space of the oscillator substrate 21 can be utilized to the greatest extent, thereby reducing a length of the oscillator arm 20, reducing shielding of the high-frequency signals by the oscillator arm 20, and helping improve the high-frequency gain.

[0039] As shown in FIG. 2, the feed substrate 11 may be arranged in a vertical direction, and the oscillator substrate 21 is connected to the top of the feed substrate 11 and extends to left and right sides of the feed substrate 11. The plurality of resonant cavities 222 are arranged close to a top edge of the oscillator substrate 21, and are arranged from an end of the oscillator substrate 21 to another end of the oscillator substrate 21, leaving only a small gap between each other. The connection branch 221 is arranged below the plurality of resonant cavities 222 and close to a bottom edge of the oscillator substrate 21. In this way, the space of the oscillator substrate 21 can be utilized to a great extent, and the length and the discontinuity of the oscillator arm 20 can be reduced.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the feed substrate 11 and the oscillator substrate 21 connected thereto are integrally formed. Optionally, the feed substrate 11 and the oscillator substrate 21 form an entire PCB substrate, and the feed structure 12 and the radiation arm 22 are formed by a copper layer arranged on the PCB substrate. In this way, manufacturing and assembly processes of the radiation unit can be simplified.

[0041] As shown in FIG. 6, when an antenna array is formed using the antenna radiation unit 100 and the high-frequency radiation unit 200, the antenna radiation unit 100 and the high-frequency radiation unit 200 are mounted on a reflection plate 300. Low-frequency signals are radiated using the antenna radiation unit 100, and high-frequency signals are radiated using the high-frequency radiation unit 200. The feed substrate 11 is arranged perpendicularly to the reflection plate 300 so that the oscillator substrate 21 is perpendicular to the reflection surface. In this way, the shielding of the high-frequency signal by the oscillator arm 20 can be reduced, which helps improve the high-frequency gain.

[0042] The antenna radiation unit according to the present disclosure may include a single-polarized radiation unit and a dual-polarized radiation unit.

[0043] When the antenna radiation unit is a dual-polarized radiation unit, the feed balun 1 includes two feed substrates 11 orthogonal to each other, and the two radiation oscillators 2 are orthogonal to each other and connected in one-to-one correspondence to the two feed substrates 11. The feed structure 12 is arranged on the two feed substrates 11.

[0044] Specifically, the two radiation oscillators 2 include a first radiation oscillator 2a and a second radiation oscillator 2b, the two oscillator arms 20 of the first radiation oscillator 2a are respectively connected to two sides of one feed substrate 11 and respectively extend in a direction away from the one feed substrate 11, and the two oscillator arms 20 of the second radiation oscillator 2b are respectively connected to two sides of the other feed substrate 11 and respectively extend in a direction away from the other feed substrate 11.

[0045] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a first slot 111 is arranged at a top end of one feed substrate 11, and as shown in FIG. 5, a second slot 112 is arranged at a bottom end of the other feed substrate 11. The two feed substrates 11 are vertically inserted into each other through the first slot 111 and the second slot 112. It may be understood that in other embodiments, the two feed substrates 11 may be connected in any other suitable manner.

[0046] The feed structure 12 is arranged on a structure formed orthogonally by the two feed substrates 11. Specifically, the feed structure 12 includes a microstrip structure 121 and a differential structure 122. The microstrip structure 121 includes four first microstrips 1211. The four first microstrips 1211 are coupled in one-to-one correspondence to the radiation arms 22 of the four oscillator arms 20.

[0047] The two feed substrates 11 are each provided with the differential structure 122. Two first microstrips 1211 connected to one radiation oscillator 2 are coupled to each other through the differential structure 122 on one feed substrate 11, and two first microstrips 1211 connected to the other radiation oscillator 2 are coupled to each other through the differential structure 122 on the other feed substrate 11, to form a dual-polarized radiation unit.

[0048] Two of the four first microstrips 1211 are coupled to each other through the differential structure 122 on one feed substrate 11 and are respectively configured to feed the two radiation arms 22 of the first radiation oscillator 2a. The other two first microstrips 1211 are coupled to each other through the differential structure 122 on another feed substrate 11 and are respectively configured to feed the two radiation arms 22 of the second radiation oscillator 2b. The two radiation oscillators 2 are respectively configured to radiate low-frequency signals in two polarization directions, and the low-frequency signals in the two polarization directions are in an orthogonal state, realizing a dual-polarized radiation function of the antenna radiation unit 100.

[0049] It may be understood that two first microstrips 1211 configured to feed two diagonal radiation arms 22 are respectively connected to two ends of one differential structure 122. The differential structure 122 can produce a 180° phase difference in current inputted to one radiation arm 22, so that directions of current on the two radiation arms 22 are the same. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the radiation oscillator 2 is fed through the feed structure 12 with the differential structure 122, which can improve purity of polarization of the antenna and improve a cross polar ratio of the antenna.

[0050] Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the four oscillator arms 20 are rotationally symmetrical with an intersection line of the two feed substrates 11 as a center, and the four first microstrips 1211 are respectively located in four quadrants formed orthogonally by the two feed substrates 11 and are rotationally symmetrical with the intersection line of the two feed substrates 11 as a center. The first microstrip 1211 includes a feed section 12111 and a coupling section 12112 connected to each other, the feed section 12111 is arranged on one feed substrate 11, and the coupling section 12112 is arranged on the other feed substrate 11 and coupled to the corresponding radiation arm 22.

[0051] It may be understood that the radiation arms 22 on the four oscillator arms 20 are located on a same side of the corresponding oscillator substrate 21. Each quadrant is provided with one first microstrip 1211. Moreover, the feed section 12111 of the same first microstrip 1211 is arranged on a side surface of one feed substrate 11, and the coupling section 12112 is arranged on a side surface of the other feed substrate 11. That is, referring to FIG. 2 to FIG. 5, a first side surface 11a and a second side surface 11b of each feed substrate 11 are provided with the feed section 12111 of one first microstrip 1211 and the coupling section 12112 of the other first microstrip 1211.

[0052] The first microstrips 1211 in the four quadrants are coupled in one-to-one correspondence to the four radiation arms 22. Specifically, the feed section 12111 has a vertical section extending along a height direction of the feed substrate 11 (perpendicular to the extension direction of the oscillator substrate 21), and the coupling section 12112 is connected to the top of the vertical section and extends along the extension direction of the oscillator substrate 21 to be coupled to the resonant cavity 222.

[0053] The feed substrate 11 has a first side surface 11a and a second side surface 11b opposite to each other. The first side surface 11a and the second side surface 11b each have a conductive thin layer made of a conductive material. The conductive thin layer forms the differential structure 122. The differential structure 122 includes a first differential portion 122a and a second differential portion 122b, the first differential portion 122a is arranged on the first side surface 11a, the second differential portion 122b is arranged on the second side surface 11b, and the first differential portion 122a is coupled to the second differential portion 122b. The feed section 12111 on the first side surface 11a is connected to the first differential portion 122a, and the feed section 12111 on the second side surface 11b is connected to the second differential portion 122b.

[0054] It is to be noted that the first side surface 11a and the second side surface 11b are each provided with a ground layer 13. The ground layer 13 on the first side surface 11a is provided corresponding to the feed structure 12 on the second side surface 11b. The ground layer 13 on the second side surface 11b is provided corresponding to the feed structure 12 on the first side surface 11a. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in a case that the feed substrate 11 and the oscillator substrate 21 are integrally formed, the ground layer 13 is laid to a region where the microstrip structure 121 is coupled to the radiation arm 22.

[0055] Specifically, the first differential portion 122a and the second differential portion 122b are arranged oppositely on the feed substrate 11 and are coupled to each other. The first differential portion 122a and the second differential portion 122b respectively extend along the height direction of the feed substrate 11. A bottom end of the feed section 12111 on the first side surface 11a is connected to a bottom end of the first differential portion 122a, and a top end of the first differential portion 122a is connected to the ground layer 13 on the first side surface 11a. A bottom end of the feed section 12111 on the second side surface 11b is connected to a top end of the second differential portion 122b, and a bottom end of the second differential portion 122b is connected to the ground layer 13 on the second side surface 11b.

[0056] The feed section 12111 and the first differential portion 122a on the first side surface 11a of each feed substrate 11 are respectively located on two sides of the other feed substrate 11. The feed section 12111 and the second differential portion 122b on the second side surface 11b of each feed substrate 11 are located on a same side of the other feed substrate 11.

[0057] Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, the microstrip structure 121 further includes a second microstrip 1212. The first side surfaces 11a of the two feed substrates 11 are each provided with the second microstrip 1212. The feed section 12111 and the first differential portion 122a on the first side surface 11a are respectively connected to an end of the second microstrip 1212, and another end of the second microstrip 1212 is configured to be connected to the feed network.

[0058] When the antenna radiation unit is a single-polarized radiation unit, the feed balun 1 includes a feed substrate 11. The feed substrate 11 has a first side surface 11a and a second side surface 11b opposite to each other. The feed structure 12 includes a microstrip structure 121 and a differential structure 122. The differential structure 122 includes a first differential portion 122a and a second differential portion 122b, the first differential portion 122a is arranged on the first side surface 11a, the second differential portion 122b is arranged on the second side surface 11b, and the first differential portion 122a is coupled to the second differential portion 122b. The microstrip structure 121 includes two microstrips respectively arranged on the first side surface 11a and the second side surface 11b. One ends of the two microstrips are respectively connected to the first differential portion 122a and the second differential portion 122b. The other ends of the two microstrips are respectively coupled to the two radiation arms 22 of the radiation oscillator 2.

[0059] It may be understood that, different from the structure of the dual-polarized radiation unit above, the single-polarized radiation unit provided in this embodiment is based on the structure shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, no slot is arranged on the feed substrate 11, the feed section 12111 and the coupling section 12112 on the first side surface 11a are connected to form one microstrip, and the feed section 12111 and the coupling section 12112 on the second side surface 11b are connected to form another microstrip. One ends of the two microstrips are respectively connected to the first differential portion 122a and the second differential portion 122b to realize coupling of the two microstrips. The microstrip and the first differential portion 122a on the first side surface 11a are respectively connected to an end of the second microstrip 1212, and another end of the second microstrip 1212 is configured to be connected to the feed network.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first differential portion 122a and the second differential portion 122b each include a plurality of feed blocks 1221, and the feed block 1221 is configured to have a zigzag structure. The plurality of feed blocks 1221 are formed by conductive thin layers on the first side surface 11a and the second side surface 11b in a predetermined zigzag pattern, and are configured to transmit electrical signals from the microstrip to the radiation oscillator. The plurality of feed blocks 1221 are arranged sequentially, and adjacent feed blocks 1221 are coupled to each other. Two outermost feed blocks 1221 of the plurality of feed blocks 1221 are respectively connected to the feed section 12111 and the ground layer 13.

[0061] It may be understood that the plurality of feed blocks 1221 are sequentially spaced apart and arranged along a length direction of the feed section 12111. Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, the lowermost feed block 1221 on the first side surface 11a is connected to the feed section 12111, and the uppermost feed block 1221 on the first side surface 11a is connected to the ground layer 13. Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, the uppermost feed block 1221 on the second side surface 11b is connected to the feed section 12111, and the lowermost feed block 1221 on the second side surface 11b is connected to the ground layer 13.

[0062] The feed block 1221 having the zigzag structure can increase a current flow path and realize a differential function through a path difference. Optionally, the feed block 1221 is constructed to have a z-shaped structure as shown in FIG. 2. The four z-shaped feed blocks 1221 are interlocked sequentially and distributed in a twisted pattern.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the antenna radiation unit 100 further includes a base 3, and the ground layers 13 on both the first side surface 11a and the second side surface 11b are grounded through the base 3. Optionally, the base 3 is provided with a third microstrip, the second microstrip 1212 on the feed balun 1 is connected to an end of the third microstrip, and another end of the third microstrip is connected to a coaxial cable. Alternatively, the second microstrip is directly connected to the coaxial cable.

[0064] The base 3 can be set as a PCB structure. In a case that the feed substrate 11 and the oscillator substrate 21 connected thereto are integrally formed, the single-polarized antenna radiation unit 100 requires only two PCBs, and the dual-polarized antenna radiation unit 100 requires only three PCBs, which has a simple structure and is easy to assemble.

[0065] In addition, the present disclosure further provides an antenna. The antenna includes at least one antenna radiation unit 100 as described in the above embodiments. The plurality of antenna radiation units 100 are arranged in an array. Further, the antenna further includes a reflection plate 300, and the antenna radiation unit 100 is arranged on the reflection plate 300.

[0066] As shown in FIG. 6, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the antenna further includes at least one high-frequency radiation unit 200, and the high-frequency radiation unit 200 is distributed around the antenna radiation unit 100. A plurality of high-frequency radiation units 200 may be distributed around each antenna radiation unit 100. The plurality of high-frequency radiation units 200 are arranged in a matrix. The resonant cavity 222 can conduct low-frequency current in the feed structure 12 and filter high-frequency electromagnetic waves radiated by the high-frequency radiation unit 200, thereby reducing the RCS value of the antenna radiation unit 100 in the high-frequency band of the high-frequency radiation unit 200, thereby achieving a purpose of stealth.

[0067] Further, the high-frequency radiation unit 200 and the antenna radiation unit 100 are arranged on the reflection plate 300, and the oscillator substrates 21 are all perpendicular to a reflection surface of the reflection plate 300. In this way, shielding of the high-frequency signals radiated by the high-frequency radiation unit 200 by the oscillator arm 20 can be reduced, thereby improving the high-frequency gain.

[0068] Although various illustrative embodiments are described above, various modifications may be made to the embodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the claims. For example, optional features of various apparatuses or system embodiments may or may not be included in some embodiments. Therefore, the foregoing description is provided mainly for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the claims.

[0069] Examples and illustrations included herein illustrate, by way of example and not limitation, specific embodiments for implementing the present disclosure. As described above, other embodiments may be derived therefrom, such that structural substitutions and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, although specific embodiments have been described herein, the specific embodiments shown may be replaced with any configuration that can achieve the same purpose. The present disclosure is intended to cover all variations of various embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various combinations of the above embodiments as well as other embodiments not described in detail herein may be obtained by reading the above description.

Claims

1. An antenna radiation unit, comprising: a feed balun comprising at least one feed substrate and a feed structure arranged on the feed substrate; and at least one radiation oscillator, each of the at least one radiation oscillator comprising two oscillator arms, each of the two oscillator arms comprising an oscillator substrate and a radiation arm arranged on the oscillator substrate, and the oscillator substrates of the two oscillator arms being connected to the feed substrate and respectively extending towards two sides of the feed substrate; wherein the radiation arm is coupled to the feed structure, and the radiation arm comprises a connection branch and a plurality of resonant cavities, the plurality of resonant cavities are arranged in an extension direction of the oscillator arm and are connected to each other through the connection branch on one side of the extension direction.

2. The antenna radiation unit of claim 1, wherein at least one of the oscillator substrate and the resonant cavity is in the shape of a rectangle.

3. The antenna radiation unit of claim 1, wherein adjacent ones of the plurality of resonant cavities are spaced apart from each other.

4. The antenna radiation unit of claim 1, wherein the feed substrate and the oscillator substrate connected thereto are integrally formed.

5. The antenna radiation unit of claim 4, wherein the feed substrate and the oscillator substrate connected thereto form a single printed circuit board (PCB) substrate, and the feed structure and the radiation arm are formed by a copper layer arranged on the PCB substrate.

6. The antenna radiation unit of claim 1, wherein the antenna radiation unit comprises two radiation oscillators orthogonal to each other, the feed balun comprises two feed substrates orthogonal to each other, each of the two radiation oscillators being connected to a corresponding feed substrate of the two feed substrates, and the feed structure is arranged on the two feed substrates.

7. The antenna radiation unit of claim 6, wherein in a case that the antenna radiation unit comprises the two radiation oscillators, the antenna radiation unit comprises four oscillator arms; and wherein the feed structure comprises a microstrip structure and a differential structure, the microstrip structure comprising four first microstrips, each of the four first microstrips being coupled to the radiation arm of a corresponding oscillator arm of the four oscillator arms, and the two feed substrates are each provided with the differential structure.

8. The antenna radiation unit of claim 7, wherein two first microstrips connected to one of the two radiation oscillators are coupled to each other through the differential structure on one of the two feed substrates, and two first microstrips connected to the other of the two radiation oscillators are coupled to each other through the differential structure on the other of the two feed substrates, to form a dual-polarized radiation unit.

9. The antenna radiation unit of claim 7, wherein the four oscillator arms are rotationally symmetrical with an intersection line of the two feed substrates as a center, and the four first microstrips are respectively located in four quadrants formed orthogonally by the two feed substrates and are rotationally symmetrical with the intersection line of the two feed substrates as a center.

10. The antenna radiation unit of claim 7, wherein each of the four first microstrips comprises a feed section and a coupling section connected to each other, the feed section being arranged on one of the two feed substrates, and the coupling section being arranged on the other of the two feed substrates and coupled to the corresponding radiation arm.

11. The antenna radiation unit of claim 10, wherein the feed substrate has a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to each other, the differential structure comprises a first differential portion and a second differential portion, the first differential portion being arranged on the first side surface, the second differential portion being arranged on the second side surface, the first differential portion being coupled to the second differential portion, the feed section on the first side surface being connected to the first differential portion, and the feed section on the second side surface being connected to the second differential portion.

12. The antenna radiation unit of claim 11, wherein the first side surface and the second side surface are each provided with a ground layer, the first differential portion and the second differential portion each comprise a plurality of feed blocks, the plurality of feed blocks being arranged sequentially, adjacent ones of the plurality of feed blocks being coupled to each other, and two outermost feed blocks of the plurality of feed blocks being respectively connected to the feed section and the ground layer.

13. The antenna radiation unit of claim 12, wherein each of the plurality of feed blocks is configured to have a zigzag structure.

14. The antenna radiation unit of claim 11, wherein the microstrip structure further comprises a second microstrip arranged on the first side surface of the feed substrate, an end of the second microstrip being connected to the feed section on the first side surface and the first differential portion, and another end of the second microstrip being connected to a feed network.

15. The antenna radiation unit of claim 6, wherein a first slot is arranged at a top end of one of the two feed substrates, a second slot is arranged at a bottom end of the other of the two feed substrates, and the two feed substrates are vertically inserted into each other through the first slot and the second slot.

16. The antenna radiation unit of claim 1, wherein the feed substrate has a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to each other, and the feed structure comprises a microstrip structure and a differential structure; wherein the differential structure comprises a first differential portion and a second differential portion, the first differential portion being arranged on the first side surface, the second differential portion being arranged on the second side surface, and the first differential portion being coupled to the second differential portion; and wherein the microstrip structure comprises two microstrips arranged on the first side surface and the second side surface respectively, one of the two microstrips having an end connected to the first differential portion and another end coupled to one of two radiation arms of the radiation oscillator, the other of the two microstrips having an end connected to the second differential portion and another end coupled to the other of the two radiation arms of the radiation oscillator.

17. The antenna radiation unit of claim 16, wherein the first differential portion and the second differential portion each comprise a plurality of feed blocks, the plurality of feed blocks being sequentially spaced apart, adjacent ones of the plurality of feed blocks being coupled to each other, and each of the plurality of feed blocks being configured to have a zigzag structure.

18. An antenna, comprising the antenna radiation unit of any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. The antenna of claim 18, further comprising: at least one high-frequency radiation unit distributed around the antenna radiation unit.

20. The antenna of claim 19, further comprising: a reflection plate, the high-frequency radiation unit and the antenna radiation unit being arranged on the reflection plate, and the oscillator substrate being perpendicular to a reflection surface of the reflection plate.

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