Stator device for an electric machine designed to drive a motor vehicle, electric machine for a motor vehicle, and motor vehicle having an electric machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a stator device (10) for an electric machine (100) designed to drive a motor vehicle (K), comprising a multiplicity of stator laminations (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) that are arranged in a row in the direction of longitudinal extent (L) of the stator device (100) and together form a stator laminated core (30), and through which a fluid channel arrangement (40) extends in the direction of longitudinal extent (L), said fluid channel arrangement being designed, in order to cool winding heads (110) of the electric machine (100), to guide fluid (12) in the direction of the winding heads (110). The stator device (10) has at least one nozzle element (60) that is coupled fluidically to the fluid channel arrangement (40) on at least one stator laminated core end (32) of the stator laminated core (30) and that has at least one nozzle opening (62) that is shaped so as to form a fluid jet (70) for cooling at least one of the winding heads (110). Further aspects of the invention relate to an electric machine (100) and to a motor vehicle (K).

Description

[0001] Stator device for an electric motor designed to drive a motor vehicle, electric motor for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle with an electric motor

[0002] The invention relates to a stator device for an electric motor designed to drive a motor vehicle. Further aspects of the invention relate to an electric motor for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle having an electric motor.

[0003] Such stator devices usually have a plurality of stator laminations arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction of the stator device and thus, so to speak, in a row adjacent to one another.

[0004] EP3977597A1 discloses an electric machine comprising a stator with a laminated core and windings, wherein at axial ends of the laminated core, a respective winding head, formed by the windings, protrudes in the axial direction beyond the laminated core. The electric machine comprises a rotor rotatably mounted in the stator. The rotor comprises a rotor body and a shaft on which the rotor body is mounted. A cooling device serves to cool the electric machine using a coolant. The cooling device is configured to convey the coolant from the shaft toward the winding heads, thus cooling the winding heads.

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a stator device of the type mentioned above, which contributes to the effective cooling of an electric motor. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide an electric motor with such a stator device and a motor vehicle with an electric motor.

[0006] This object is achieved by a stator device having the features of patent claim 1, by an electric motor having the features of patent claim 9, and by a motor vehicle having the features of patent claim 10. Advantageous embodiments with expedient further developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

[0007] A first aspect of the invention relates to a stator device for an electric machine designed to drive a motor vehicle, comprising a plurality of stator laminations arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction of the stator device, which laminations together form a stator lamination stack, and through which a fluid channel arrangement extends in the longitudinal direction, which is designed to guide fluid in the direction of the winding heads for cooling winding heads of the electric machine.

[0008] According to the invention, the stator device comprises at least one nozzle element which is coupled to the fluid channel arrangement in a fluid-conducting manner at at least one end of the stator laminated core and which has at least one nozzle opening shaped to form a fluid jet for cooling at least one of the winding heads. The fluid jet can preferably be designed as an oil jet; in other words, oil can be guided as a fluid through the stator device and used to cool the at least one winding head. The nozzle element allows increased design freedom and simple manufacture of the fluid channel arrangement, for example by separation processes such as punching. The directed guidance of the fluid in the direction of the at least one winding head can be achieved by the nozzle element.

[0009] The invention is based on the finding that targeted application of fluid, particularly oil, to the winding heads of an electric motor contributes to particularly effective cooling. The at least one nozzle element can thus provide targeted guidance of the fluid at the end of the stator core for the purpose of cooling the winding head. The fluid jet can be directed toward the winding head using the nozzle element, generally at one end face of the stator core.

[0010] In an advantageous development of the invention, the fluid channel arrangement comprises at least one collecting channel arrangement, by means of which fluid can be guided from a plurality of fluid channels of the fluid channel arrangement arranged adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction of the stator core to at least one supply channel of the fluid channel arrangement, into which the at least one nozzle element is inserted. This allows the fluid to be brought together in a particularly targeted manner from the plurality of fluid channels arranged adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction of the stator core, thereby enabling a large amount of fluid to be conveyed to the at least one winding head.

[0011] A particularly advantageous design is achieved by the following variant:

[0012] The fluid channel arrangement can have longitudinally extending fluid channels, for example, mutually different first longitudinally extending fluid channels and second longitudinally extending fluid channels, which can be formed by respective through-openings in the individual stator laminations arranged one behind the other. The longitudinally extending fluid channels can open into radially extending fluid channels, which can extend in the radial direction of the stator device. It is conceivable that a plurality of first longitudinally extending fluid channels of the fluid channel arrangement, which can correspond to the fluid channels arranged next to one another in the circumferential direction, are coupled to a second longitudinally extending fluid channel of the fluid channel arrangement by respective radially extending fluid channels oriented outward in the radial direction and converging toward one another, in particular converging toward one another in an arrow-shaped manner, and interconnected radially extending fluid channels, which can be assigned to the collecting channel arrangement.The second longitudinal fluid channel can correspond to the supply channel and can guide the fluid toward the end of the stator core. The at least one nozzle element can be partially inserted into the second longitudinal fluid channel (supply channel). To fix the nozzle element in the fluid channel arrangement, for example, in the second longitudinal fluid channel, with minimal effort and without loss, the nozzle element can be glued or pressed into the fluid channel arrangement, for example.

[0013] In a further advantageous development of the invention, the adjacent fluid channels are arranged further inward in the radial direction of the stator device than the at least one supply channel. This advantageously allows for improved cooling, for example, in the area of ​​the respective stator teeth.

[0014] In a further advantageous development of the invention, the at least one nozzle element has a nozzle element channel region that passes through a plurality of stator laminations, via which nozzle element end region of the at least one nozzle element, which is connected to the nozzle element channel region, can be supplied with fluid from the fluid channel arrangement. By passing the nozzle element channel region through a plurality of stator laminations, the nozzle element channel region can be partially inserted into the stator lamination stack. This allows a particularly durable connection between the at least one nozzle element and the stator lamination stack. The nozzle element channel region can, for example, be molded onto the fluid channel arrangement, i.e., form a positive connection with the fluid channel arrangement at least in some regions. In a further advantageous development of the invention, the nozzle element end region is arranged outside the stator lamination stack.This allows the nozzle element end section to protrude from the stator lamination stack and rest on the end face of an outermost stator lamination of the stator lamination stack. This enables, for example, simplified alignment during assembly of the nozzle element.

[0015] In a further advantageous development of the invention, the nozzle opening is arranged at the nozzle element end region and is fluidly connected to the nozzle element channel region. This reduces the impact of spatial constraints on the propagation of the fluid jet and allows for a strong deflection of the fluid jet based on the nozzle element end region, if necessary. This advantageously enables a particularly needs-based alignment of the fluid jet.

[0016] In a further advantageous development of the invention, the respective center axes of the nozzle opening and the nozzle element channel area form an angle with each other. This allows the fluid jet to exit the nozzle opening at the corresponding angle and impinge on the winding head to be cooled.

[0017] In a further advantageous development of the invention, the nozzle element end region is hemispherical in shape, at least in some areas. This enables, on the one hand, a uniform contact of the nozzle element end region with the stator core and, on the other hand, a flexible alignment of the fluid jet.

[0018] A second aspect of the invention relates to an electric motor for a motor vehicle, comprising at least one stator device according to the first aspect of the invention. The electric motor can also be referred to as an electrical machine and, in particular, can be designed as the drive motor of the motor vehicle. Such an electric motor can be cooled particularly effectively.

[0019] A third aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle having at least one electric motor according to the first aspect of the invention.

[0020] The preferred embodiments and their advantages presented with respect to one of the aspects apply accordingly to the other aspects of the invention, and vice versa. The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and feature combinations mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures, can be used not only in the respective specified combination, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0021] Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the claims, the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawings.

[0022] The invention is explained once again below using a specific embodiment. This shows:

[0023] Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a motor vehicle with an electric machine, also shown schematically, which comprises a stator device shown in a sectional view; and

[0024] Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the stator device, showing a plurality of through-openings, each forming part of respective fluid channels arranged side by side as first longitudinal extension fluid channels, as well as interconnected radial extension fluid channels assigned to a collecting channel arrangement;

[0025] Fig. 3 is a detailed view of a nozzle element of the stator device; and

[0026] Fig. 4 is a perspective sectional view of the nozzle element shown in Fig. 3, through whose nozzle element end region a nozzle opening extends.

[0027] Fig. 1 shows an abstract representation of a motor vehicle K having an electric motor 100. The electric motor 100 can also be referred to as an electric machine and, in this case, serves to drive the motor vehicle K, i.e., as an electric drive motor. The electric motor 100 has a stator device 10, shown in Fig. 1 in a schematic sectional view. Other components of the electric motor 100, such as a rotor, are not shown further here.

[0028] The stator device 10 comprises a plurality of stator laminations 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction L of the stator device 100, which together form a stator lamination stack 30, and through which a fluid channel arrangement 40 extends in the longitudinal direction L and in the radial direction R of the stator device 100. The fluid channel arrangement 40 is designed to conduct fluid 12 in the form of oil in the direction of the winding heads 110 for cooling winding heads 110 of the electric machine 100. The longitudinal direction L and the radial direction R are illustrated in Fig. 1 by respective arrows. A circumferential direction U of the stator device 100 is illustrated in Fig. 2 by a curved arrow.

[0029] The stator device 10 has a plurality of nozzle elements distributed in the circumferential direction U, of which only one nozzle element 60 is shown by way of example and for reasons of clarity. The nozzle element 60 is shown in Fig. 1 in a sectional view, in Fig. 3 in a perspective view, and in Fig. 4 in a perspective sectional view. The nozzle element 60 is coupled to the fluid channel arrangement 40 at a stator core end 32 of the stator core 30 in a fluid-conducting manner and has at least one nozzle opening 62 shaped to form a fluid jet 70 for cooling at least one of the winding heads 110. A fluid pump of the electric machine 100, which serves to convey the fluid 12 through the fluid channel arrangement 40, is not shown further here.

[0030] The fluid channel arrangement 40 has a collecting channel arrangement 42, by means of which fluid 12 can be guided from a plurality of fluid channels of the fluid channel arrangement 40, which are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction U of the stator laminated core 10 and are designed as first longitudinal fluid channels 50, 52, 54, to a supply channel 56 of the fluid channel arrangement. The nozzle element 60 is partially inserted into the supply channel 56, also referred to as the second longitudinal fluid channel, and fixed there, for example, by pressing in or gluing. The collecting channel arrangement 42 here comprises a plurality of radial fluid channels, of which, for reasons of clarity, only three radial fluid channels 44, 46, 48 are shown in Fig. 2, tapering in an arrow-shaped manner in the direction of the supply channel 56. It should be noted that Fig.2 the respective stator laminations covering the radial extension fluid channels 44, 46, 48 in the assembly of the stator lamination stack 10 are hidden, so that the radial extension fluid channels 44, 46, 48 are exposed in Fig. 2, so to speak. Demand-based cooling of the winding heads 110 can be achieved, for example, if - as can be seen from a comparison of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 - three first longitudinally extending fluid channels 50, 52, 54 are connected to the supply channel 56 via three converging, in particular arrow-shaped converging, radially extending fluid channels 44, 46, 48 as shown in Fig. 2, i.e., for example, generally always three of the longitudinally extending fluid channels of the fluid channel arrangement 40 are combined to form one of the supply channels of the fluid channel arrangement 40 using three radially extending fluid channels of the fluid channel arrangement 40.

[0031] The first longitudinal fluid channels 50, 52, 54 arranged next to one another in the circumferential direction U are arranged further inward in the radial direction R of the stator device 10 than the supply channel 56, as can be seen from Fig. 1.

[0032] The nozzle element 60 has a nozzle element channel region 64 extending through several of the stator laminations 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, via which a nozzle element end region 66 of the nozzle element 60, connected to the nozzle element channel region 64, can be supplied with fluid 12 from the fluid channel arrangement 40, as can be seen in Fig. 1. The hemispherical nozzle element end region 66 is arranged outside the stator lamination stack 30 and rests on an end face 34 of the stator lamination stack 30 at the stator lamination stack end 32. The nozzle opening 62 is arranged at the nozzle element end region 66 and is fluidly connected to the nozzle element channel region 64.

[0033] Respective central axes 63, 65 of the nozzle opening 62 and the nozzle element channel region 64 form an angle a with each other. The central axis 63 is associated with the nozzle opening 62, and the further central axis 65 is associated with the nozzle element channel region 64.

[0034] List of reference symbols

[0035] 10 Stator device

[0036] 12 Fluid

[0037] 20 stator laminations

[0038] 22 Stator sheet

[0039] 24 stator lamination

[0040] 26 Stator sheet

[0041] 28 Stator sheet

[0042] 30 stator lamination stack

[0043] 32 Stator lamination end

[0044] 34 front side

[0045] 40 Fluid channel arrangement

[0046] 42 Collective duct arrangement

[0047] 44 Radial extension fluid channel

[0048] 46 Radial extension fluid channel

[0049] 48 Radial extension fluid channel

[0050] 50 first longitudinal fluid channel

[0051] 52 first longitudinal fluid channel

[0052] 54 first longitudinal fluid channel

[0053] 56 supply channel

[0054] 60 nozzle element

[0055] 62 nozzle opening

[0056] 63 Central axis

[0057] 64 Nozzle element channel area

[0058] 65 central axis

[0059] 66 Nozzle element end area

[0060] 70 fluid jet

[0061] 100 electric motor

[0062] 110 winding head

[0063] K Motor vehicle

[0064] L Longitudinal direction

[0065] R radial extension direction

[0066] U circumferential direction a angle

Claims

Claims 1. Stator device (10) for an electric machine (100) designed to drive a motor vehicle (K), comprising a plurality of stator laminations (20, 22, 24, 26, 28) arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction (L) of the stator device (100), which laminations together form a stator lamination stack (30), and through which a fluid channel arrangement (40) extends in the longitudinal direction (L), which is designed to guide fluid (12) in the direction of the winding heads (110) for cooling winding heads (110) of the electric machine (100), characterized in that the stator device (10) has at least one nozzle element (60) which is coupled to the fluid channel arrangement (40) in a fluid-conducting manner at at least one stator lamination stack end (32) of the stator lamination stack (30) and which has at least one nozzle element (60) for forming a fluid jet (70) has a nozzle opening (62) shaped for cooling at least one of the winding heads (110).

2. Stator device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid channel arrangement (40) has at least one collecting channel arrangement (42), by means of which fluid (12) from a plurality of fluid channels (50, 52, 54) of the fluid channel arrangement (40) arranged next to one another in the circumferential direction (U) of the stator laminated core (10) can be guided to at least one supply channel (56) of the fluid channel arrangement, into which the at least one nozzle element is introduced.

3. Stator device (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that the fluid channels (50, 52, 54) arranged next to one another are arranged further inward in the radial extension direction (R) of the stator device (10) than the at least one supply channel (56).

4. Stator device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one nozzle element (60) has a nozzle element channel region (64) which passes through a plurality of the stator sheets (20, 22, 24, 26, 28), via which a nozzle element end region (66) of the at least one nozzle element (60) connected to the nozzle element channel region (64) can be supplied with fluid (12) from the fluid channel arrangement (40).

5. Stator device (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the nozzle element end region (66) is arranged outside the stator laminated core (30).

6. Stator device (10) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the nozzle opening (62) is arranged at the nozzle element end region (66) and is fluidly connected to the nozzle element channel region (64).

7. Stator device (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that respective center axes (63, 65) of the nozzle opening (62) and the Nozzle element channel area (64) enclose an angle (a) with each other.

8. Stator device (10) according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the nozzle element end region (66) is at least partially hemispherical.

9. Electric machine (100) for a motor vehicle (K), with at least one stator device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Motor vehicle (K) with at least one electric machine (100) according to claim 9.

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