Multi-layered shoe insert for incorporation into a shoe, and shoe having a multi-layered shoe insert

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-layered shoe insole (10) for incorporation into a shoe (1), in particular into the shoe sole (3), comprising a layer structure (10') with several layers (11) arranged one above the other, wherein the shoe insole (10) has a forefoot area (12), middle area (13) and heel area (14), wherein the middle area (13) is arranged between the forefoot area (12) and the heel area (14), characterized in that the several layers (11) are connected to each other via a fixed connection (15), in particular in the middle area (12), such that the several layers (11) in the forefoot area (12) and / or in the heel area (14) are movable relative to each other when bent.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a multi-layered shoe insole for incorporation into a shoe, comprising several layers arranged one above the other. The invention further relates to a shoe with a multi-layered shoe insole. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a shoe with a multi-layered shoe insole. Background of the invention

[0002] Shoe insoles can be subject to specific requirements depending on their intended use. An insole can be incorporated into the shoe and, depending on the application, support the fulfillment of these specific requirements. The insole can be integrated into the shoe sole or placed inside the shoe. Requirements for most shoes typically include comfort, foot mobility, rigidity (in bending and / or torsion), and safety-related aspects. For example, a shoe insole for a sports shoe might be intended to provide support while walking, jogging, or running. To support the athlete, a flexible insole with a springy effect is necessary. Conversely, for a hiking boot, it might be desirable for the insole to have high or low torsional rigidity depending on the terrain.Orthopedic shoes can offer the advantage of providing support to specific areas of the foot. Furthermore, shoe insoles may be subject to safety requirements. For example, the use of shoe insoles, particularly in firefighter boots, safety shoes, or military boots, can have varying safety requirements, such as fire protection or penetration resistance.

[0003] The insoles are integrated into the shoe, specifically to help meet the shoe's requirements. Insoles in safety-related shoes are often permanently attached. This may be necessary to implement desired features or to comply with safety-critical standards. Depending on the standard, the insole may be required to be firmly attached to the sole, the upper, or the shoe itself. In this case, the insole is attached either by stapling or a Strobel stitch. For example, textile insoles are inserted into the shoe using stapling or a Strobel stitch. The problem with this method is that the insole cannot be removed from the shoe without damaging it.In the worst-case scenario, the shoe was used in direct contact with chemicals or oils, meaning that not only the shoe but also the insole must be disposed of as hazardous waste. Furthermore, current technology also includes insoles made of fiber composite materials. For safety shoes, penetration resistance is particularly relevant. To provide a puncture-resistant shoe with a fiber composite material, the insole can have a minimum thickness. A thick insole, for example made of a composite material, can prevent a nail or sharp object from penetrating the shoe with sufficient force, thus preventing injury to the foot. However, a disadvantage here is the insole's low flexibility, especially when bent or twisted. This low flexibility also negatively impacts foot support. The wearer experiences little to no support, and the foot tires over time.This increases the risk of workplace accidents caused by tripping. Furthermore, the insole (and consequently the entire shoe) must be so thick to meet safety requirements that, for example, a safety shoe looks less sporty or less visually appealing to the customer. Alternatively, the insole can be made thinner from a metallic material. However, the metallic material can corrode over time due to moisture in the shoe (e.g., perspiration) and eventually becomes unusable and cannot be reused. Additionally, metallic materials lack flexibility when bent or torsioned. If the desired degree of flexibility can be achieved, metallic materials will fatigue quickly. The constant and alternating bending stress on the shoe insole, in particular, poses a significant problem for metallic insoles.In the worst-case scenario, the insole in the shoe may already show signs of fatigue or be unusable due to previous wear and tear. Therefore, it would be pointless to reuse a metallic insole in a shoe that already exhibits signs of fatigue or shows initial signs of environmental damage (rust). Removing a metallic insole from a shoe is thus uneconomical.

[0004] To counteract flexibility issues, multi-layered insoles are typically used. These insoles exhibit anisotropic flexion properties and provide support to the wearer either through a cushioning effect when striking the ground or through a springy effect when lifting the foot. Composite materials are also used, with the composite layers firmly bonded together along their entire length. Such multi-layered insoles have only a marginally positive effect on the insole's flexibility. Furthermore, movements such as flexing the forefoot are made more difficult. This is particularly problematic for safety shoes, which are often worn while squatting and feature a toecap that can negatively impact comfort if the insole flexes even slightly.The problematic aspect is the bonding of the multiple layers across the entire surface and the resulting limited flexibility. When the insoles move, especially the multiple layers relative to each other, shear forces can occur, negatively impacting the durability of the bond between the layers. Over time, these shear forces cause the bond to loosen, rendering the insole ineffective. Consequently, the entire shoe must be discarded. Reuse is also not possible. Disclosure of the invention

[0005] Against this background, the question arises Task , to provide an advantageous shoe insole that overcomes the disadvantages of the current state of the art.

[0006] The task will solvedby a multi-layered shoe insole for incorporation into a shoe, in particular into the shoe sole, comprising a layered structure with several layers arranged one above the other, wherein the shoe insole has a forefoot area, midfoot area and heel area, wherein the midfoot area is arranged between the forefoot area and the heel area, wherein the several layers are connected to each other via a fixed connection, in particular in the midfoot area, such that the several layers in the forefoot area and / or in the heel area are movable relative to each other when bent.

[0007] The multi-layered shoe insole according to the invention, designed for integration into a shoe, has a layered structure with several layers arranged one above the other. The multi-layered shoe insole is preferably integrated into the shoe sole. According to the invention, the shoe insole has a forefoot area, a midfoot area, and a heel area. The midfoot area is located between the forefoot area and the heel area. The multiple layers, which preferably extend along a principal plane of extension, are connected to one another by a rigid connection such that the multiple layers in the forefoot area and / or in the heel area are movable relative to each other when bent. The advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the shoe insole according to the invention can exhibit high flexibility, good torsional rigidity, good mobility, and high durability. When the forefoot is flexed, most of the forces occur in the forefoot area between the layers.The relative mobility of the layers in the forefoot and / or heel area results in minimal or no shear forces between the layers, thus increasing durability. This also allows for good foot mobility. Squatting or kneeling work is easily possible due to the relative mobility of the multiple layers.

[0008] Preferably, the bending of the shoe insole represents an upward and / or downward movement relative to the main plane of extension of the shoe insole. A shoe can particularly preferably be a work shoe, sports shoe, hiking shoe, street shoe, boot, rubber boot, sandal, or any other type of shoe. Preferably, the shoe insole is made of a non-metallic material.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the shoe insole can be incorporated into the shoe in such a way that the layered structure is reusable. A recyclable layered structure can be particularly advantageous given the increasing demands on the recyclability of materials from new products. A reusable layered structure must, in particular, exhibit high fatigue strength and should only develop minimal signs of wear over a longer period. Due to its relative flexibility and the reduced stress from shear forces between the multiple layers in the forefoot and / or heel area, the shoe insole according to the invention is advantageously particularly well-suited for recyclability, especially due to its increased fatigue strength.

[0010] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the shoe insole comprises a shell, wherein the layered structure is incorporated into the shell, in particular welded in, or the shoe insole has a coating, such that the layered structure can be removed from the shoe without damage. The shell is preferably welded and can, in particular, be made of plastic. The shell preferably encloses the layered structure in such a way that the layered structure is protected from environmental influences and the shoe itself. For example, the layered structure is protected by the materials into which the shoe insole is preferably incorporated. Alternatively, the layered structure can have a thermoplastic or thermoset coating. Advantageously, no particles become trapped between the multiple layers of the shoe insole, which could accelerate wear or hinder reusability, for example, through a complex cleaning process of the shoe insole.

[0011] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the shoe insole is provided with flexural properties that depend on the number of layers, the dimensions of the respective layers, in particular the thickness of the layers, the material selection, and / or the rigid connection of the multiple layers, wherein the multiple layers have different or identical dimensions or materials. The flexural properties preferably describe the resistance of the shoe insole to bending in one or more directions. Advantageously, a shoe insole with optimal flexural properties can be provided depending on the application. Furthermore, the torsional stiffness can be additionally or alternatively controlled via the aforementioned parameters. The torsional stiffness can be the resistance of one or more layers to torsion of the shoe insole. The thickness of the layers preferably describes the height of the respective layer perpendicular to the principal plane of extension.The dimensions of the shoe insole describe, in particular, the width and / or length of the layers, which preferably lie in the main plane of extension. The fixed connection includes the type, orientation, and / or arrangement of the connection.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the shoe insole has a principal extension plane, wherein the shoe insole is bendable upwards and / or downwards relative to the principal extension plane in the forefoot region and / or in the heel region. The principal extension plane can be configured as a bending reference plane. Advantageously, the bending reference plane can define a plane to which the bending takes place relative. For example, the bending reference plane is arranged in the middle of the shoe insole and substantially parallel to the principal extension plane.

[0013] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the shoe insole exhibits essentially isotropic bending properties when bent upwards or downwards. For this purpose, the shoe insole can be symmetrical along its main plane of extension. The symmetry can relate to the dimensions of the respective layers and / or the material selection of the respective layers. Isotropic bending properties can be understood to mean that the shoe insole exhibits essentially the same bending properties when bent upwards or downwards, particularly relative to the bending reference plane. The essentially isotropic bending properties advantageously enable a shoe insole with essentially the same properties throughout the entire rolling motion of the foot. Consequently, the support can also be approximately the same throughout the entire rolling motion of the foot. This can have a positive effect on the wearer's comfort.The bending properties particularly refer to bending stiffness, which describes the resistance to bending of the shoe insole in one or more directions.

[0014] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the layer structure comprises at least one layer that is concave or convex. The concave or convex layer can be understood as a support layer, whereby the support layer can impart supportive properties to the layer structure, in particular, through its pre-shaping. The support layer can be the uppermost, lowermost, or a middle layer among the multiple layers. The concave or convex pre-shaping of the support layer can provide the shoe insole with cushioning properties or enhanced supportive properties. Preferably, the support layer has a convex or concave shape in the forefoot area and / or in the heel area. Advantageously, for example, a shoe insole with a convex or concave support layer in the heel area can provide cushioning properties upon impact.Furthermore, the support position can provide assistance when lifting the foot, whereby the pretension of the support position can produce a greater restoring force.

[0015] In a further advantageous embodiment, the shoe insole is concave or convex. The significant advantage lies in the fact that the positive properties of the pre-forming are enhanced and that there are no or fewer voids between the multiple layers and the support layer. This can be achieved, in particular, with several, especially all, layers that are convex or concave.

[0016] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the permanent connection is designed as either an adhesive bond, a weld, a seam, or another non-removable connection. Preferably, the connection cannot be separated without damage. Examples of non-removable connections include adhesive bonds, welds, and seams. Adhesive bonds can be advantageous due to their cost-effective and simple production and damping properties. An adhesive layer can be placed between each of the multiple layers, thereby reducing the noise generated by layers moving relative to one another. Alternatively, a weld can be produced cost-effectively. For this purpose, just enough heat can be introduced into the multiple layers to weld them together locally and / or at specific points.

[0017] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fixed connection is arranged partially or entirely in the central region. The fixed connection can thus extend at least partially to the forefoot region and / or the heel region, while the relative mobility of the layers of the forefoot region and / or the heel region is always maintained.

[0018] Preferably, the arrangement of the rigid connection can significantly influence the properties of the shoe insole. Preferably, the rigid connection is positioned essentially centrally on the multiple layers relative to the main plane of extension. This has a positive effect on the relative mobility of the multiple layers in the heel and forefoot areas. Consequently, good support during running can be achieved in both the forefoot and heel areas. Furthermore, the rigid connection, particularly locally in the area of ​​the connection, can increase torsional stiffness. Alternatively, the rigid connection can be positioned wholly or partially in the forefoot or heel area. This allows the shoe insole to be designed specifically for a particular application.For example, a shoe insole can have a fixed connection in the forefoot area, thus significantly increasing torsional rigidity in the forefoot. Additionally, support in the heel area can be increased. This can also apply analogously to a fixed connection in the heel area.

[0019] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, several rigid connections are arranged in the midfoot area, forefoot area, heel area, midfoot area and forefoot area, or midfoot area and heel area. Advantageously, the multiple rigid connections extend over a maximum of two areas, so that the respective other area remains flexible. This increases the torsional stiffness and support of the shoe insole, although it reduces wearing comfort. Furthermore, with multiple rigid connections, the mechanical load can be distributed across the multiple connections.

[0020] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fixed connection has a round, oval, polygonal, cross-shaped, or star-shaped cross-sectional area. For example, the polygonal cross-sectional area can be designed as a rectangle, wherein the rectangle is particularly elongated. The rectangle can thus correspond to a line. Essential properties of the shoe insole can be further influenced by the shape of the fixed connection. The cross-sectional area over which the fixed connection can be established can be varied. The orientation of the cross-sectional area and the associated lever arms can also be adjusted. Alternatively, the cross-sectional area can extend over an entire region. Advantageously, the shoe insole is not flexible in the area of ​​the fixed connection and exhibits no relative mobility of the multiple layers in this area.

[0021] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the multiple, and in particular all, layers consist of essentially identical or different fiber-reinforced composite materials, wherein the respective fiber-reinforced composite material comprises a matrix and multiple fibers, the matrix being a plastic, in particular a thermoplastic or thermoset, or a mixture of both, and the fibers comprising, in particular, either synthetic fibers, natural fibers, or a mixture of both. The use of a plastic as a fiber-reinforced composite material can, in particular, increase the durability of the shoe insole. Metallic shoe insoles are especially susceptible to external influences, such as perspiration or moisture. Furthermore, metallic shoe insoles can exhibit lower flexural strength. This is particularly disadvantageous in the forefoot area, where, during squatting work, the shoe insole can be subjected to significant bending stress.The plastic can be selected so that bending and significant deflection of the insole have little to no impact on its flexural strength. Furthermore, the plastic insole can be more resistant to environmental influences such as moisture. Therefore, such an insole can be reusable, especially when combined with the liner into which it can be embedded. Advantageously, high flexural strength can be achieved in conjunction with the insole's reusability.

[0022] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fibers are either loose, as untwisted threads, as twisted threads, or in a further processed form, in particular nonwovens, mats, woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics, or braids. The fibers can be selected according to the application.

[0023] In a further advantageous embodiment, the fibers are arranged either unidirectionally or multidirectionally. The orientation of the fibers can be application-specific. Unidirectional fibers are more advantageous when subjected to loading in one direction, such as bending. In this case, the strength and stiffness in that single direction can be high. Examples of unidirectional fiber arrangements are 0° fibers or 90° fibers. Accordingly, the support for the base of the beam would be high, but the torsional stiffness would be very low. Preferably, the fiber can also be arranged multidirectionally, allowing for a compromise between bending stiffness and torsional stiffness. For example, the fibers are arranged as 0 / 90° fibers. Alternatively, any angle between the fibers can be selected.

[0024] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the multiple layers consist of polyamide 6, 6.6, or 12, polypropylene, thermoplastic polyurethane, polycarbonate, or polylactic acid, with the multiple layers preferably comprising the same materials. The material selection for the multiple layers can be chosen depending on the application. Preferably, the multiple layers comprise the same material, thus making it easier to adjust the properties of the shoe insole. It is also conceivable that the materials of the shoe insole can be recycled. The layer structure can, for example, be protected from chemical influences by the film, so that recycling of the materials is possible.

[0025] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the layer structure has a total thickness in the range of 2 to 8 mm, preferably 3 to 6 mm, and particularly preferably a total thickness of 4 mm, and comprises at least two, preferably three or four, layers. Advantageously, a compromise between flexibility, torsional stiffness, flexural stiffness, and support can be achieved by adjusting the number and the total and / or individual thickness of the multiple layers. Particularly preferably, the layer structure has a total thickness of 4 mm, with four layers of polyamide 6, each 1 mm thick. Furthermore, a layer structure of three layers of polyamide 6 can comprise two layers of 1.5 mm and one layer of 1 mm. Advantageously, for example, in these embodiments, the shoe insole can exhibit penetration resistance, particularly according to DIN EN ISO 22568-4. The shoe insole can be penetration-resistant if it meets one of the following conditions: a conical nail with a diameter of 4.5 ± 0.05 mm, a blunt end with a diameter of 1.0 ± 0.02 mm and a force of 1.1 kN does not puncture the shoe insole, or a conical nail with a diameter of 3.0 ± 0.03 mm, a blunt end with a diameter of 1.0 ± 0.02 mm and an average force greater than or equal to 1.1 kN at several points, the points being at least 30 mm apart, is required to puncture the shoe insole and no single value is less than 950 N.

[0026] Additional constraints for penetration resistance preferably include a nail feed rate of 10 ± 3 mm, a temperature of 23 ± 2 °C, and a relative humidity of 50 ± 5%. The nail preferably has a hardness greater than or equal to 60 HRC.

[0027] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the shoe insole is provided to have, in addition to or as an alternative to penetration resistance, a flexural strength according to DIN EN ISO 22568-4. For this purpose, the shoe insole can have a thickness of 4 mm and, after at least 1,000,000 bending cycles, particularly with a deflection of at least 30 mm, which is arranged 70 ± 1 mm away from a clamping device with a width of 75 ± 5 mm, show no visible damage. The clamping device preferably rests on the shoe insole over its entire width. Damage includes, for example, cracking, disintegration, or delamination. Additionally or alternatively, the flexural strength is tested under the influence of temperature, perspiration, or fuel. Further constraints for the flexural strength preferably include a frequency of 16 ± 1 Hz at which the shoe insole is bent.

[0028] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one of the several layers of the layer structure is configured as a reinforcement layer, wherein the reinforcement layer consists in particular of a carbon fabric, a roving glass fabric, a filament glass fabric, a unidirectional carbon fabric, a unidirectional roving glass fabric, a unidirectional roving glass fabric for multiaxial structures, a random glass mat, or flax. The reinforcement layer can impart additional advantageous properties to the shoe insole, such as increased stiffness or fire protection. It is conceivable that the reinforcement layer and the support layer are the same layer. Preferably, the reinforcement layer is the bottom layer of the several layers, the top layer of the several layers, or located between, and in particular the middle, of the several layers.

[0029] Another aspect of the invention is a shoe with a multi-layered insole according to one of the preceding embodiments, which is incorporated or inserted into the shoe. Preferably, the insertable insole can be firmly bonded to the shoe after insertion.

[0030] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the shoe sole comprises an outsole, a midsole, and an insole. The outsole provides contact between the shoe and the ground, and the midsole is arranged between the insole and the outsole. The outsole or midsole either includes the multi-layered insole, or the multi-layered insole is arranged on or under the insole. The multi-layered insole is preferably embedded in the midsole or the outsole. Preferably, the insole can be arranged on or under the insole. Advantageously, this makes it easier to remove the insole from the shoe. Specifically, the shoe sole can be removed from the rest of the shoe, and the insole can then be removed from the sole.On the other hand, the insole can be removed from the shoe along with the shoe insert, and the shoe insert can then be removed from the insole. Preferably, the shoe insert is glued onto or beneath the insole, or the shoe insert is designed as the insole itself. If the shoe insert is embedded in the shoe insert, it preferably has rounded edges.

[0031] Preferably, the shoe has an upper to which the multi-layered insole can be firmly connected. The multi-layered insole can be sewn or glued to the upper. Advantageously, the upper can be removed from the shoe, and consequently, the multi-layered insole can be removed from the upper. Additionally, the multi-layered insole can be glued or sewn to the insole. Preferably, the insole can be permanently and form-fittingly connected to the shoe.

[0032] In a further advantageous embodiment, the multi-layered shoe insert is embedded in an insole, which can be inserted into the shoe. This allows the insole to be easily removed from the shoe and makes it particularly reusable. Preferably, the insole can be permanently and form-fittingly connected to the shoe. A form-fitting and permanent connection of the shoe insert can be particularly relevant for compliance with safety-related standards.

[0033] A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the insole, the insole, the midsole and / or the outsole are made of polyurethane, thermoplastic polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate, thermoplastic rubber, rubber, thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer, or polyvinyl chloride. The layered structure can be enclosed by a covering so that the respective materials of the insole, the insole, the midsole, or the outsole do not react with the materials of the layers, provided the shoe insert is embedded in the respective shoe sole.

[0034] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, one of the several layers in the forefoot area is detachably, and in particular non-destructively, connected to a cap, the cap being arranged at least partially above the forefoot area. Advantageously, the flexibility of the shoe insole in combination with the cap prevents the wearer's foot or toes from being bent in an angled position. Preferably, the cap can be made of polyamide 6, 6.6, or 12, polypropylene, thermoplastic polyurethane, polycarbonate, polylactic acid, carbon fiber fabric, roving glass fabric, filament glass fabric, unidirectional carbon fiber fabric, unidirectional roving glass fabric, unidirectional roving glass fabric for multiaxial structures, random glass matte, flax, or amorphous tempered glass. The cap is preferably designed as a protective or safety cap.Advantageously, the cap can be made from one of the above-mentioned materials and meet the requirements of DIN EN ISO 22568-2. The cap can be designed as a safety cap or protective cap and have certified resistance to pressure and / or impact, provided the following conditions are met: To demonstrate certified impact resistance, an impact of a steel body weighing 20 ± 0.2 kg with a wedge of 60 mm and a rounded tip generates an energy of 100 ± 2 J (protective cap) or 200 ± 4 J (safety cap) on the cap, whereby the cap, depending on its size and / or cap type, retains a minimum residual height according to DIN EN ISO 22568-2 after the impact; to demonstrate certified pressure resistance, the cap is arranged between a clamping device with two substantially parallel clamping plates, wherein the cap is clamped in the clamping device such that a compressive force of 15 ± 0.15 kN (safety cap) or 10 ± 0.1 kN (protective cap) can be applied to the cap, whereby, depending on its size and / or cap type, the cap retains a minimum residual height according to DIN EN ISO 22568-2 after the impact.

[0035] The remaining height of the cap can be determined using a modeling compound arranged within the cap, which essentially matches the cap's height. Preferably, the wedge is made of steel with a hardness of 60 HRC. More preferably, the wedge has an angle of 90 ± 1 degree and, in particular, a rounded tip with a radius of 3 ± 0.1 mm. Furthermore, the influence of high temperature, low temperature, and / or fuel on the result can be determined. The cap can have a connection area, in particular a crimp, wherein the connection area is connectable to the top layer, the bottom layer, or any other of the multiple layers. Further conditions can be found in DIN EN ISO 22568-2.

[0036] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the shoe is designed to have penetration resistance, in particular according to DIN 20345-7. The shoe insole is preferably form-fitting and permanently connected to the shoe. Therefore, the shoe insole cannot be removed from the shoe without damaging the shoe. The shoe insole preferably meets the penetration resistance and / or flexural strength requirements of DIN EN ISO 22568-4.

[0037] Preferably, a shoe with a toecap, in particular a protective toecap or safety toecap, which is detachably connected to the insole, can be used as a work shoe. Such a work shoe can be considered a safety shoe or protective shoe according to DIN 20345-7, provided that a puncture-resistant insole and a toecap are detachably connected to each other, and the insole is positively bonded to the shoe and not destructively attached. A further requirement may be that the insole complies with the standard DIN EN ISO 22568-4 and the toecap with the standard DIN EN ISO 22568-2.

[0038] Another object of the invention is a method for manufacturing a shoe with a multi-layered shoe insole according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the method comprises at least the following process steps: a. Providing the multiple layers for the manufacture of the multi-layered shoe insole; b. Creating the firm bond between the multiple layers; and c. Incorporating or inserting the multi-layered shoe insole into a first shoe.

[0039] According to the invention, the multiple layers of the shoe insole are connected to one another in such a way that the multiple layers in the forefoot area and / or in the heel area are movable relative to one another when bent. This is included in process step b. The firm connection can preferably be glued, welded, or sewn. The first shoe can, for example, be characterized by the fact that a new shoe insole is incorporated or inserted into this shoe.

[0040] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that in process step c. the multi-layered shoe insert is embedded in the shoe sole, connected to the shoe sole or to the upper of the shoe, or inserted into the shoe. Preferably, the shoe insert is foamed into an insole and inserted into the shoe. Advantageously, the insole, in conjunction with the shoe insert, can be removed from the shoe without damage.

[0041] Preferably, the shoe has a sole comprising an outsole, a midsole, and an insole, and the multi-layered insole is placed on or under the insole, glued, bonded, foamed, injected, or pressed into the midsole or outsole. The insole can, for example, be placed on top of the insole or firmly bonded to it. This can be achieved by incorporating the insole into the midsole and bonding it to the insole, or by bonding the insole directly to the insole, either by gluing it on or under the insole. Alternatively, in process step c, the multi-layered insole can be glued, foamed, injected, or pressed into the midsole or into / onto the outsole.

[0042] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the midsole has a pocket, the pocket having an opening, in particular a lateral one, through which the shoe insole is inserted and, in particular, glued into the midsole. Furthermore, the opening can be glued closed after the midsole has formed the pocket. Advantageously, the shoe insole can thus no longer be separated from the shoe without damage.

[0043] Preferably, in a process step d. the sole of the shoe can be removed from the upper, wherein the insole is then removed from the sole or from the insole or the footbed.

[0044] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the layered structure is incorporated or coated into a shell in an intermediate step between process steps b and c, and the layered structure is removed from the shoe non-destructively in process step d. "Non-destructively" refers to the shoe insole. In this embodiment, the shoe is destroyed. The shell can either be welded or shrink-fitted. The shell can comprise a thermoplastic polyurethane, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyolefin, or polylactic acid. Advantageously, this allows the shoe insole to be reused.

[0045] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that in process step a., process step b., or in the intermediate step, a cap, in particular a protective cap or safety cap, is glued onto the uppermost or the lowermost layer of the multi-layered shoe insole. The cap may have a crimp, the crimp of which allows the cap to be connected to the shoe insole. It is conceivable that the shoe insole is first incorporated into the casing and the cap is then applied to the casing at the desired location. For this purpose, the cap can be glued to the casing. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the cap is first connected to the respective layer of the shoe insole in process step a. or b. and is then enclosed by the casing in the intermediate step. Advantageously, the cap is detachable from the shoe insole so that the layered structure can be reused without the cap.Alternatively, the cap can be designed as a monocoque with the shoe insert.

[0046] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a shoe is manufactured that exhibits penetration resistance, in particular according to DIN 20345-7. For this purpose, the shoe insole can exhibit penetration resistance according to DIN EN ISO 22568-4. Additionally, the shoe can have a toecap, in particular a safety toecap or a protective toecap, according to DIN EN ISO 22568-2. The toecap can be detachably connected to the shoe insole.

[0047] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the intermediate step and / or process step c. is performed again with a shoe insole removed from a shoe, after the insole has been non-destructively inspected. First, the shoe insole can be removed from the shoe. Subsequently, the shoe insole can be removed from the shoe sole, the insole, or the shoe itself. In the intermediate step, the shoe insole can be incorporated into a new casing, if necessary. This allows damaged casings to be replaced. Advantageously, this embodiment enables the reuse of the shoe insole. Before the shoe insole is reused, it can be non-destructively inspected. This ensures, in particular, that the reinstalled shoe insole is free of damage.

[0048] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, in a process step d, the layered structure of the multi-layered shoe insole is removed from the first shoe, particularly non-destructively, and then non-destructively inspected, especially for damage. Advantageously, a reused layered structure does not need to be recertified according to the safety-relevant standard, but can retain its existing certification. No costly new certification is required; only the layered structure needs to be inspected for damage. Preferably, in the second process step, the layered structure is inspected for damage using radar, ultrasound, optical, and / or radiation methods. It is conceivable that the shoe insole is first inspected optically, followed by one of the other inspection methods.Advantageously, obvious and especially serious damage to the shoe insole can be detected using an optical method. The layered structure can be encased or coated to protect it from external influences, and this casing can also be inspected using an optical method. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the layered structure or the shoe insole can be tested using an appropriate testing method (radar, ultrasound, or radiation) even with or inside the casing. This allows the shoe insole to be reused in conjunction with the casing. Alternatively, the casing can be removed before the non-destructive testing. If the layered structure fails the test, the shoe insole is separated from the shoe, and the materials can be reused, for example, through a recycling process.

[0049] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the shoe insole is tested for penetration resistance in a test step between process steps b. and c., in particular after the intermediate step and before incorporation or insertion into the shoe, by at least the following test steps: A conical nail with a diameter of 4.5 ± 0.05 mm, a blunt end with a diameter of 1.0 ± 0.02 mm, in particular with the tip of the nail, is pressed onto the shoe insole with a force of 1.1 kN, in particular with the tip of the nail, wherein the nail does not penetrate the shoe insole, or a conical nail with a diameter of 3.0 ± 0.03 mm, a blunt end, in particular with the tip of the nail, with a diameter of 1.0 ± 0.02 mm is pressed onto the shoe insole at several points, in particular five, and the tolerable force of the shoe insole is measured at each point, wherein the tolerable force must be on average greater than or equal to 1.1 kN at the several points and no single value of the several points is less than 950 N.

[0050] Preferably, the multiple points are at least 30 mm apart. The nail can be driven at a feed rate of 10 ± 3 mm, and the shoe insole can be operated at a temperature of 23 ± 2 °C and a relative humidity of 50 ± 5%. The nail preferably has a hardness of 60 HRC or greater.

[0051] In an advantageous embodiment, the bending strength of the shoe insole is tested in the test step, in addition to or as an alternative to the penetration resistance, by at least the following test steps: Clamping the shoe insole, in particular with a thickness of at least 4 mm, in a clamping device; and bending the shoe insole 1,000,000 times, in particular in the forefoot area, with an amplitude of at least 30 mm, in particular 33 mm, wherein the amplitude is deflected at least 70 ± 1 mm away from a clamping device with a width of 75 ± 5 mm, wherein the shoe insole shows no visible damage.

[0052] Provided there is no visible damage to the shoe insole, it can exhibit a flexural strength according to DIN EN ISO 22568-4. Damage includes, for example, cracking, disintegration, or delamination. The flexural strength test is preferably performed at a bending frequency of 16 ± 1 Hz.

[0053] Additionally or alternatively, the flexural strength can be tested under the influence of temperature, welding or fuel.

[0054] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the shoe has a toe cap, the cap being tested. Preferably, the toe cap is detachably connected to the insole, and the insole and toe cap are tested separately. Alternatively, the toe cap can be tested together with the insole. Advantageously, this allows it to be determined whether the toe cap and the layered construction are reusable.

[0055] The cap can be certified according to DIN EN ISO 22568-4. The cap can exhibit certified resistance to pressure and / or impact and be classified as a safety cap or protective cap, undergoing the following test steps: To demonstrate certified impact resistance, an impact is applied to the cap using a steel body weighing 20 ± 0.2 kg with a 60 mm wedge and a rounded tip, with an energy of 100 ± 2 J (protective cap) or 200 ± 4 J (safety cap), whereby the cap, depending on its size and / or cap type, retains a minimum residual height according to DIN EN ISO 22568-2 after the impact; to demonstrate certified pressure resistance, a clamping device with two essentially clamping plates, between which the cap is arranged, is used, and the cap is clamped in the clamping device with a compressive force of 15 ± 0.15 kN (safety cap) or 10 ± 0.1 kN (protective cap), whereby the cap, depending on its size and / or cap type, retains a minimum residual height according to DIN EN ISO 22568-2 after the impact.

[0056] The remaining height of the cap can be measured using a modeling compound arranged inside the cap, which essentially matches the cap's height. Preferably, the wedge is made of steel with a hardness of 60 HRC. More preferably, the wedge has an angle of 90 ± 1 degree and, in particular, a rounded tip with a radius of 3 ± 0.1 mm. Furthermore, the influence of high temperature, low temperature, and / or fuel on the result can be determined.

[0057] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the layered structure is incorporated or inserted into a second shoe after successful testing. If the shoe insole and / or toecap passes the test in the second process step, it can be incorporated or inserted into a second shoe. Thus, the shoe insole and / or toecap can be reused without, for example, requiring new certification for a safety-relevant standard.

[0058] The same advantages and effects can be achieved in the method for manufacturing a shoe and in the shoe itself as have already been described in connection with the multi-layered shoe insole according to the invention. The preferred embodiments and features explained in connection with the multi-layered shoe insole can also be applied individually or in combination to the method for manufacturing a shoe according to the invention and to the shoe itself.

[0059] Further details and advantages of the invention will be explained below with reference to the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawings. This shows: Fig. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of a shoe according to the invention in a side view; Fig. 2 schematically shows an embodiment of a layer structure according to the invention in an isometric view; Fig. 3 schematically shows an embodiment of a multilayer shoe insole according to the invention in a side view; Figs. 4a, 4b, 4c schematically show several embodiments of a multilayer shoe insole according to the invention in a top view; Fig. 5 schematically shows a first embodiment of a shoe according to the invention with a multilayer shoe insole according to the invention in a side sectional view; Fig. 6 schematically shows a second embodiment of a shoe according to the invention with a multilayer shoe insole according to the invention in a side sectional view; Fig. 7 schematically shows a third embodiment of a shoe according to the invention with a multilayer shoe insole according to the invention in a side sectional view.Figure 8 shows a schematic embodiment of a shoe insole according to the invention with a cap in an isometric view; Figure 9 shows a force-displacement diagram of a test method according to the invention for the multi-layered shoe insole; and Figure 10 shows the shoe made of . Fig. 1 , 5 , 6 or 7 in a separate state.

[0060] Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a shoe 1 according to the invention. A shoe 1 within the scope of the invention can comprise a sports shoe, a hiking shoe, a street shoe, a boot, a rubber boot, a sandal, a safety shoe, an army boot, a firefighter's boot, a tactical boot, or any other type of shoe. The term "shoe" can also refer to a galosh made of polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, rubber, or ethylene vinyl acetate. The shoe 1 can have a sole 3 and an upper 2, wherein the sole 3 is separable from the upper 2.

[0061] Fig. 2 Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a layer structure 10' according to the invention for incorporation into a shoe 1. The layer structure 10' can have a principal extent plane. From Fig. 2It is clearly evident that the multiple layers 11 span a principal plane of extension through their length and width. The layers 11 are negligibly thin in relation to their length and width. Preferably, the layers 11 have a thickness in the range of 0.5 to 4 mm, particularly preferably in the range of 1 to 2 mm. A thicker layer 11 can have a positive effect on the support provided to the wearer's foot during walking and, in particular, be more torsionally rigid. This can negatively affect the flexibility of the shoe insole 10 and the wearing comfort. Four layers 11 of 1 mm each, or two layers 11 of 1.5 mm each and one layer 11 of 1 mm each, are particularly desirable. These configurations are flexible and provide good support. Furthermore, the configurations can be designed to be torsionally rigid.

[0062] The shoe insole 10 has a layered structure 10' with several superimposed layers 11, wherein a forefoot area 12, a midfoot area 13, and a heel area 14 of the shoe insole 10 are visible. The midfoot area 13 is arranged between the forefoot area 12 and the heel area 14. These three areas preferably approximate the structure of a human foot, with the proportions of the human foot being particularly preferably replicated by the respective areas.

[0063] Fig. 3 Figure 1 shows a side view of a shoe insole 10 according to the invention. The multiple layers 11 of the shoe insole 10 are arranged one above the other and have approximately the same dimensions. Alternatively, the multiple layers 11 can differ slightly in their dimensions. Advantageously, the shoe insole 10 can thus be better integrated into a shoe 1. Furthermore, the thicknesses of the multiple layers 11 can differ.

[0064] According to the invention, the multiple layers 11 are connected to one another via a fixed connection 15 such that the multiple layers 11 in the forefoot area 12 and / or in the heel area 14 are movable relative to each other when bent. The bending preferably occurs substantially perpendicular to a principal plane of extension, the bending reflecting, for example, the rolling motion during walking, running, or sprinting. The principal plane of extension can serve as the bending reference plane. The shoe insert 10 experiences a greater degree of bending when the wearer of the shoe 1 bends their knees or works from a squatting position, where high flexibility is important for the wearer's comfort. In the present embodiment, the fixed connection 15 is arranged partially or completely in the central area 13, advantageously allowing the multiple layers 11 in the forefoot area 12 and in the heel area 14 to be movable relative to each other.The relative mobility of the multiple layers 11 in the forefoot area 12 and / or in the heel area 14 makes it possible to provide a shoe insole 1 which has high flexibility, good support for the wearer when walking and high torsional stiffness.

[0065] The permanent connection 15 can be designed as an adhesive bond, a weld, a seam, or another non-removable connection. Furthermore, the permanent connection 15 can be located partially or entirely in the central region 13. It can also be designed as a round, oval, polygonal, cross-shaped, or star-shaped cross-sectional area. An adhesive bond between the multiple layers 11 can have a positive effect on the noise generated by the shoe insole 10. Adhesive bonds and welds are particularly time- and cost-efficient in the manufacturing process. For higher-quality shoes 1, a seam may be desirable. The permanent connection 15 is preferably not detachable without damage. The properties (flexural stiffness and / or torsional stiffness) of the shoe insole 10 can preferably be significantly influenced by the targeted arrangement and type of permanent connection 15.It is conceivable that the rigid connection 15 is located partially or entirely in the heel area 14 or in the forefoot area 12. Depending on the arrangement of the rigid connection 15, the respective area in which the rigid connection 15 is located is torsionally rigid and inflexible, while the other area (forefoot area 12 or heel area 14) is correspondingly more flexible and supportive. This can be achieved depending on the application, with, for example, a sprinter's shoe requiring a great deal of support and flexibility, particularly in the forefoot area 12. A hiking boot for difficult terrain might require high torsional rigidity and low flexibility, especially in the forefoot area 12. At the same time, the heel area 14 might require more support during heavy impact. A similar situation would apply to orthopedic shoes, such as Dorsalflex shoes.

[0066] Fig. 3The figure shows five essentially flat layers 11. Alternatively, one or more of the multiple layers 11 can be convex or concave. The pre-shaping of the one or more layers 11 can have a positive effect on the cushioning or supportive properties of the shoe insole 10. Accordingly, layer 11 can be understood as a support layer. The support layer can be any layer 11 of the multiple layers 11. With multiple support layers, the shoe insole 10 can be convex or concave.

[0067] Figures 4a, 4b and 4c show different cross-sectional areas of the fixed connections 15. Fig. 4b shows that the fixed connection 15 can extend over the entire central area 13. Alternatively, show Fig. 4a a cross-shaped cross-section and Fig. 4ca round cross-section. The orientation of the cross-sectional area can also significantly influence the properties of the shoe insole 10. Advantageously, the lever arm for bending and / or torsional stress can be influenced by the orientation of the cross-sectional area. Thus, the shoe insole 10 can be made more rigid in bending and / or torsion, for example, with shorter lever arms.

[0068] The bending properties or resistance to bending in one or more directions of the shoe insole 10 preferably depend on the number of layers 11, the dimensions of the respective layers, in particular the thickness of the layers, the material selection, and / or the rigid connection 15 of the multiple layers 11. The dependence of the rigid connection 15 can relate to the type of connection, the cross-sectional area, the arrangement, and / or the orientation of the rigid connection 15. The materials of the multiple layers 11 can differ or be the same, depending on the application. Preferably, the multiple layers 11 consist of substantially the same fiber-reinforced composite materials, wherein the respective fiber-reinforced composite material comprises a matrix and multiple fibers, the matrix consisting of a plastic, in particular a thermoplastic or thermoset, or a mixture of both, and the fibers comprising, in particular, either synthetic fibers, natural fibers, or a mixture of both.Accordingly, the adhesive bond requires a suitable plastic adhesive, or the welded bond requires a suitable plastic welding process to firmly join the multiple layers 11 together. Alternatively, a layer consisting of a different material can be incorporated into the multiple layers 11 to influence the properties of the shoe insole 11. The multiple layers 11 preferably consist of polyamide 6, 6.6, or 12, polypropylene, thermoplastic polyurethane, polycarbonate, or polylactic acid. The support layer can have the same configuration as the multiple layers 11. Advantageously, the shoe insoles 10 are not made of a metallic material, as these have lower flexural strength and are strongly affected by external influences in the shoe 1. For example, moisture, especially sweat or water, can cause a metallic shoe insole to rust.Such a shoe insole is not durable and potentially cannot be reused. To further minimize external influences on the shoe insole 1, it can be embedded in or coated with a shell. The shell preferably comprises a material that does not react, or reacts only minimally, with the materials of the shoe sole 3 or the shoe 1, and the layered structure 10' can be removed from the shoe 1 without damage. It is conceivable that the shell might be damaged when the shoe insole 10 is removed, but the layered structure 10' might not be. A layered structure 10 made of a fiber composite material, in conjunction with the shell, can advantageously be reused. The shoe 1 can be disposed of after the shoe insole 10 has been removed from the shoe 1.

[0069] Fig. 5Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a shoe 1 according to the invention in combination with a shoe insole 10 according to the invention. The shoe insole 10 can be embedded or inserted into the shoe 1.

[0070] The first embodiment shows a shoe 1 with a sole 3. The sole 3 comprises an outsole 4, a midsole 5, and an insole 6, the midsole 5 being arranged between the insole 6 and the outsole 4. Furthermore, the outsole 4 connects the shoe 1 to the ground. The shoe 1 also has an upper 2, which is connected to the sole 3. Additionally, the shoe 1 has an insole 7.

[0071] In the present embodiment, the shoe insert 10 is arranged on the insole 6 and is positioned beneath the insole 7. The shoe insert 10 can either be permanently glued or sewn to the insole 6, or simply inserted. It is entirely conceivable that a shoe 1 does not require an insole 6, or that the shoe insert 10 is incorporated into the insole 6 or is designed as the insole 6 itself. If the shoe insert 1 exhibits penetration resistance and / or flexural strength, particularly according to DIN EN ISO 22568-4, and if the shoe insert 1 is positively locked to the shoe 1 and cannot be detached without damage, the shoe 1 can be penetration-resistant, particularly according to DIN 20345-7. Preferably the layer structure 10' has a total thickness in a range of 2 to 8 mm, preferably 3 to 6 mm, particularly preferably a total thickness of 4 mm, and comprises at least two, preferably three or four, layers 11.In particular, a puncture-resistant shoe insole can be provided using layers 11 made of polyamide. Advantageously, this allows for the provision of a shoe 1 that meets the high demands of occupational safety while simultaneously offering high flexibility, good torsional rigidity, and foot support. The wearer of such a shoe 1 therefore tires less quickly, experiences greater comfort, and the probability of a workplace accident can be reduced. As already described, the shoe insole 10 can be sealed in a casing, for example, so that at least the layer structure 10' can be removed from the shoe 1 without damage. The layer structure 10' is thus advantageously protected from environmental influences. When the shoe 1 is disposed of, the shoe insole 10 can be removed, and in particular, the layer structure 10' can be reused.If the shoe insole 10 cannot be reused, it can at least be disposed of or recycled separately from the shoe 1. Particularly in the case of work shoes, the shoes 1 may come into contact with fuels, oils, or other chemicals, necessitating disposal as hazardous waste. However, the layered structure 10' can advantageously be reused, thus reducing the amount of waste produced. The layered structure 10' can be protected from such influences, especially by the cover.

[0072] Alternatively, if the shoe insert 1 is not permanently attached to the shoe 1 in any way, the shoe insert 10 can be incorporated into the insole 7. The insole 7 can be permanently attached to the insole 6, in particular by gluing, or it can simply be inserted. Advantageously, the insole 7 in conjunction with the shoe insert 10 could be easily reused when the shoe 1 is disposed of. If the insole 7 is not reusable, the shoe insert 10 can be removed from the insole 7 without damage.

[0073] Furthermore, it shows Fig. 5A toecap 20 is located in the shoe 1. The toecap 20 can be detachably connected to the insole 10 or to the shoe 1, in particular the upper 20, via a connecting area (flanging). The connecting area of ​​the toecap 20 is located below the insole 10, specifically below the lowest layer 11 of the insole 10, with the toecap 20 extending at least partially over the insole 10. Alternatively, the connecting area of ​​the toecap 20 can be located on the uppermost layer 11 of the insole 10 or between the multiple layers 11 of the insole 1. Preferably, the connecting area is bonded to the respective layer 11. The toecap 20 can be designed as a safety toecap or protective toecap, and the shoe 1 can thus be designed as a safety shoe or protective shoe. For this purpose, the toecap 20 can have certified resistance to pressure and / or impact, in particular according to DIN EN ISO 22568-2.

[0074] Preferably, the toecap 20 can be designed as a monocoque with the insole 10, and the toecap 20 can be bonded, welded, or sewn to the insole 10. Alternatively, the toecap 20 can be connected to the upper 2. The toecap 20 can be made of polyamide 6, 6.6, or 12, polypropylene, thermoplastic polyurethane, polycarbonate, polylactic acid, carbon fiber fabric, roving glass fabric, filament glass fabric, unidirectional carbon fiber fabric, unidirectional roving glass fabric, unidirectional roving glass fabric for multiaxial structures, random matte glass, flax, or amorphous tempered glass. The toecap 20 can be incorporated into a shell, either additionally or alternatively to the insole 10, in such a way that the toecap 20 can be removed from the shoe 1 without damage. The toecap 20 can thus advantageously be reused.

[0075] Fig. 6Figure 1 shows a second embodiment of the shoe 1 according to the invention, wherein only the arrangement of the multi-layered shoe insole 10 differs from the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the shoe insole 10 is arranged under the insole 6, and the toecap 20 is not directly connected to the shoe insole 10. The shoe insole 10 can either be embedded in the midsole 5, in particular glued, foamed, injected, or pressed in, or it can be bonded to the insole 6 from below.

[0076] Fig. 7Figure 1 shows a third embodiment of the shoe 1 according to the invention. The difference between the third embodiment and the second embodiment lies in the fact that the multi-layered shoe insole 10 is connected to the outsole 4 or incorporated into the midsole 5. For this purpose, the shoe insole 10 can be glued to the outsole 4 or glued, foamed, injected, or pressed into the midsole 5.

[0077] It is conceivable that the midsole 5 has a pocket, and the insole 10, particularly with its cover, is inserted into this pocket. Preferably, the shoe 1 with the midsole 5 and the pocket can be supplied fully assembled, so that only the insole 10 needs to be inserted subsequently. A lateral opening in the midsole 5 can provide access to the pocket of the midsole, and this opening can be sealed after the insole 10 has been inserted into the pocket. Furthermore, the insole 10 can be positively fitted into the pocket and / or glued in place. To allow for the reuse of the layered structure 10', the insole 10 can have a cover.

[0078] In a method according to the invention for manufacturing a shoe 1 according to the invention, the several layers 11 for manufacturing the multilayer shoe insole 10 are preferably provided first (as in Fig. 2(shown). Here, the material, dimensions, and / or number of the multiple layers 11 can preferably be selected depending on the application. Subsequently, in a next step, the solid connection 15 between the multiple layers 11 can be created. As already described above, the type, arrangement, and / or orientation of the solid connection 15 can be selected depending on the application. In a further subsequent step, the multilayer shoe insole 10 can be incorporated or inserted into a first shoe 1. In a preferred next step, the layered structure 10' of the multilayered shoe insole 10 can be removed from the first shoe 10, particularly non-destructively, and non-destructively inspected, particularly for damage. Preferably, after a successful inspection, the layered structure 10' can then be incorporated or inserted into a second shoe 10.Advantageously, if the layer structure 10' already had some form of certification before being incorporated into the first shoe 1, it does not require new certification after successful testing. Therefore, costs and time can be saved in the production of shoe insoles 10 and shoes 1.

[0079] Preferably, an intermediate step is carried out between the second and third steps. In this intermediate step, the finished shoe insole 10 can be incorporated into a casing or coated so that the layered structure 10 can eventually be removed from the shoe 1 without damage.

[0080] In the second step or intermediate step, the manufactured shoe insole 10 can be detachably connected to a cap 20, in particular by gluing. For this purpose, the cap 20 can be enclosed by the cover, glued onto the cover, or, if there is no cover but, for example, a coating or nothing at all, simply connected to the shoe insole 10.

[0081] Fig. 8Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a shoe insole 10 with a cap 20. The embodiment is designed as a monocoque, with the cap 20 being permanently attached to the shoe insole 10. Alternatively, the cap 20 can be detachably attached to the shoe insole 10, particularly to comply with the standards cited above. The advantage of the shoe insole 10 according to the invention lies, at least in part, in the flexibility gained through the relative mobility of the multiple layers 11 of the shoe insole 10. This has a particularly positive effect on the design of the shoe insole 10 or the shoe 1 with a cap 20, whereby, in a flexed position of the shoe insole 10, the toes or foot of the wearer are not pinched by the cap 20. The shoe insole 10 can largely follow the movement of the foot, especially during kneeling or squatting work, thus providing the wearer of the shoe 1 with greater comfort.With a very stiff and inflexible shoe insole, the foot would be pressed against the cap 20 in a squatting or kneeling position, or in a position where the forefoot area is angled.

[0082] Fig. 9 Figure 1 shows a force (F) - displacement (d) diagram of a shoe insole 10, which was tested for suitability for use in a shoe 1 using a test method according to the invention. The shoe insole 10 can, for example, be tested for flexural strength and / or penetration resistance, the test being carried out in particular according to DIN EN ISO 22568-4.

[0083] The in Fig. 9The tested shoe insole 10 is tested for penetration resistance by pressing a conical nail with a diameter of 3.0 ± 0.03 mm and a blunt end with a diameter of 1.0 ± 0.02 mm, specifically the tip of the nail, onto the main extension plane of the shoe insole 10 at several points 16a to 16e, particularly five. The force that the shoe insole 10 can withstand at each point is measured, the average force at each point being greater than or equal to 1.1 kN, and no single value at any point being less than 950 N. It is evident that each tested point 16a to 16e has a maximum value of greater than or equal to 1.1 kN. Thus, the penetration resistance requirements are met. Such a shoe insert 10 could be incorporated into a shoe 1 in a form-fitting and secure manner, whereby the shoe 1 also meets the penetration resistance, in particular according to DIN 20345-7.Additionally, in a further step, if necessary, the toecap 20 can be tested for resistance to impact and / or pressure and preferably certified accordingly. The shoe 1 can then advantageously be certified as a safety shoe or protective shoe.

[0084] Fig. 10 Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a shoe 1 in which the sole 3 has been separated from the upper 2. Thus, the insole 10 can be removed from either the sole 3 or the upper 2, depending on its position. After removal from the shoe 1, the insole 10 can be non-destructively inspected for damage. If the insole 10 passes inspection, it can be reinstalled in another shoe 1. The toecap 20 can be removed separately from the shoe 1 and also inspected separately. Reference symbol list

[0085] 1 Shoe 2 Upper 3 Shoe sole 4 Outsole 5 Midsole 6 Insole 7 Insole 10 Multi-layer shoe insert 10 Layer construction 11 Multiple layers 12 Forefoot area 13 Midfoot area 14 Heel area 15 Firm connection 16a,b,c,d,e Tested areas 20 Toe cap Force dProgress from contact

Claims

1. Multi-layered shoe insole (10) for incorporation into a shoe (1), in particular into the shoe sole (3), comprising a layered structure (10') with several layers (11) arranged one above the other, wherein the shoe insole (10) has a forefoot area (12), midfoot area (13) and heel area (14), wherein the midfoot area (13) is arranged between the forefoot area (12) and the heel area (14), characterized by the fact that the multiple layers (11) are connected to each other via a fixed connection (15), in particular in the middle area (12), such that the multiple layers (11) in the forefoot area (12) and / or in the heel area (14) are movable relative to each other when bent.

2. Shoe insole (10) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact thatthe shoe insole (10) comprises a cover, wherein the layer structure is incorporated into the cover, in particular welded in, or the shoe insole (10) has a coating such that the layer structure (10`) can be removed from the shoe (1) without damage.

3. Shoe insole (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the layer structure (10`) includes at least one layer (11) that is concave or convex.

4. Shoe insole (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the permanent connection (15) is designed either as an adhesive connection, a welded connection, a seam connection or as another non-removable connection.

5. Shoe insole (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the fixed connection (15) is located partially or completely in the central area (13).

6. Shoe insole (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact thatthe fixed connection (15) has a round, oval, polygonal, cross-shaped or star-shaped cross-sectional area.

7. Shoe insole (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the multiple, in particular all, layers (11) consist of substantially the same or different fiber composite materials, wherein the respective fiber composite material comprises a matrix and multiple fibers, wherein the matrix consists of a plastic, in particular a thermoplastic or thermoset or a mixture of both, and the fibers comprise in particular either synthetic fibers, natural fibers or a mixture of both.

8. Shoe insole (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the multiple layers (11) consist of polyamide 6, 6.6 or 12, polypropylene, thermoplastic polyurethane, polycarbonate or polylactic acid, wherein the multiple layers (11) preferably comprise the same materials.

9. Shoe insole (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the layer structure (10`) has a total thickness in a range of 2 to 8 mm, preferably 3 to 6 mm, particularly preferably a total thickness of 4 mm, and has at least two, preferably three or four, layers (11).

10. Shoe (1), characterized by the fact that a multi-layered shoe insole (10) according to one of the preceding claims is incorporated or inserted into the shoe (1).

11. Shoe (1) according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that one of the several layers (11) in the forefoot area is detachably, in particular non-destructively, connected to a cap (20), wherein the cap (20) is arranged at least partially above the forefoot area (12).

12. Shoe (1) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized by the fact that the shoe (1) has penetration resistance, in particular according to DIN 20345-7.

13. A method for manufacturing a shoe (1) with a multi-layered shoe insole (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method comprises at least the following process steps: a. providing the multiple layers (11) for manufacturing the multi-layered shoe insole (10); b. creating the firm connection (15) between the multiple layers (11); and c. incorporating or inserting the multi-layered shoe insole (10) into a first shoe (1).

14. Method according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that in a process step d. the layer structure (10`) of the multilayer shoe insole (10) is removed from the first shoe (10), in particular non-destructively, and is checked non-destructively, in particular for damage.

15. Method according to claim 14, characterized by the fact that The layered structure (10`) is incorporated or inserted into a second shoe (10) after successful testing.

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