Monitoring device and method for monitoring a possible over- / under-removal of soil when drilling a borehole in the soil

Abstract

The invention relates to a monitoring device for monitoring a removal quantity of loosened soil and / or an overcut for creating an annular space when creating a borehole in the soil (10) by means of an advance of a drilling device (20), wherein: the monitoring device can be arranged below an opening (25) in a peripheral wall (3) of a drilling device (20) or below an opening in an outer wall of a pipe portion of a drilling device or of a casing pipe; the drilling device (20) is a drilling device for creating a borehole in the soil from a start point to a target point; the monitoring device (30) comprises a receptacle (4) which has an inner space (33) and an entry opening for arrangement in the region of the opening (25); the monitoring device (30) comprises a control element (5) which is arranged in the inner space (33) so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis (6); an actuator is provided in connection with the control element (5); the control element (5) is movable in a pivot direction (A) via the actuator (11); the control element (5) comprises a pivot region, so that the control element (5) is movable through the entry opening; and the control element (5) comprises at least one contact surface (9) which, in the pivoted-out state of the control element (5), is in contact with the borehole wall (13) / the soil (10).

Description

[0001] Monitoring device and method for monitoring possible over- / under-extraction of soil during drilling of a borehole in the ground

[0002] The invention relates to a monitoring device for arrangement below an opening in a peripheral wall of a drilling device. The drilling device is a drilling device for creating a borehole in the ground from a starting point to a target point, comprising a control element, wherein an actuator is provided for moving the control element and has a contact surface which, when the control element is extended, is in contact with the borehole wall of the borehole / the ground. Furthermore, the invention relates to a drilling device with such a monitoring device and a method for monitoring a possible over- or under-extraction of soil during drilling of the borehole in the ground.

[0003] The underground installation of pipes using pipe jacking has been a proven civil engineering technique for many decades. Thanks to advances, particularly in the last 30 years, drives of up to 2,000 m in length and with diameters of up to almost 5 meters can now be successfully carried out, even close to the surface. The driving techniques differ essentially in the type of soil or rock excavation at the so-called working face. The excavated material, referred to below as overburden, can be transported from the working face to the launch shaft in various ways, e.g., in conveyor buckets, via screw conveyors, via belt conveyors, or even flushing using a flushing fluid such as water or a bentonite suspension.

[0004] During underground pipe laying, for example in pipe jacking, individual pipes made of concrete, stoneware, or other materials arranged one after the other, or entire, already connected steel pipelines, are pushed into the ground. At the tip of the pipe string is a drilling machine, which loosens the soil, crushes it (breaks larger stones), and feeds the excavated material to a conveyor system. In addition, the distance traveled is determined by control events in the drilling machine. For this purpose, control cylinders are installed in the drilling machine, which cause the drilling machine to angle, thus enabling cornering. The forces required to push the drilling machine and the pipe string into the ground must be greater than the tip pressure on the drilling machine, in particular on the cutting wheel, and the sum of the skin friction resulting from the skin surface of the pipe string and the contact with the surrounding geology.

[0005] To reduce casing friction, the drilling machine drills a hole that is a certain amount larger than the outer diameter of the pipe string. Lubricating suspension is filled into the resulting annular gap.

[0006] Depending on the soil conditions, checking this annular gap may be advisable, as excessive removal of soil material during drilling can create an oversized borehole or even caverns in the subsurface, which can lead to subsidence at the surface. Insufficient removal of soil material while simultaneously advancing the pipe string can lead to displacement of the soil in front of the drilling machine and uplift at the surface.

[0007] Therefore, it can be advantageous to match the advance rate with the amount of overburden during drilling. Excessive removal of overburden can be particularly problematic when excavating in unstable soils beneath groundwater. If the volume of overburden in the ground exceeds the capacity of the drilling rig and the installed pipes, depending on the extent of the over- or under-removal, this can lead to subsidence, even major surface collapses or bulging, which can cause significant damage to structures on the surface, roads, and any existing underground infrastructure. Depending on the overlying soils and the depth of the tunnel, this damage often only becomes apparent after a considerable delay.

[0008] It is known to control the volume of removed overburden. However, this does not achieve the accuracy required to reliably prevent the undesirable consequences of incorrect overburden removal. Known methods include determining the quantity and density of the extracted overburden. With hydraulic extraction, volume control is also complex because a separation system is required to separate the overburden from the conveyed fluid. It is also known to use belt scales or simply measure the volume of the extracted overburden. In addition to the associated measurement inaccuracies, all methods also have the error source of the virtually impossible in-situ determination of the bulk density of the soil to be extracted. This can therefore lead to significant soil under-extraction.

[0009] Attempts to conduct such measurements are available, for example, in DE102005038313A1, US4152027A, and JPS59154293A. The disadvantage is that these measurements can only be performed when the borehole is at a standstill.

[0010] The aim is therefore to provide a monitoring device, a method and a drilling device of the type mentioned above, with which an excessively high or too low production rate of overburden can be reliably detected at an early stage during drilling.

[0011] The technical problem is solved with regard to the monitoring device by the features of claim 1 and with regard to the drilling device by the features of claim 10, and with regard to the method by the features of claim 15. Preferred embodiments of the monitoring device according to the invention, the method according to the invention, and the drilling device according to the invention are set out in the dependent claims.

[0012] With regard to the monitoring device, the invention proposes a monitoring device for monitoring a removal quantity of loosened soil and / or an overcut for creating an annular space when creating a borehole in the ground by means of a drilling device, wherein the monitoring device can be arranged below an opening in a peripheral wall of a drilling device or below an opening in an outer wall of a pipe section of a drilling device or an extension pipe, wherein the drilling device is a drilling device for creating a borehole in the ground from a starting point to a target point, wherein the monitoring device has a receptacle which has an interior space and a passage opening for arrangement in the region of the opening, wherein the monitoring device has a control element which is arranged in the interior space so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis,wherein an actuator is provided in connection with the control element, wherein the control element is movable in a pivoting direction via the actuator, wherein the control element has a pivoting range so that the control element is movable through the passage opening, and wherein the control element has at least one contact surface which is in contact with the borehole wall / ground in the pivoted-out state of the control element.

[0013] This makes it easy to continuously detect over- or under-extraction during drilling, at least in certain sections. This avoids inaccurate quantity or volume measurements of the overburden. This monitoring allows you to determine whether the surrounding soil is becoming increasingly loose, which could indicate that too much soil has been removed in relation to the advance rate. In this case, appropriate measures can be taken, for example, to increase / decrease the advance rate and / or decrease / increase the amount of overburden extracted per unit of time.

[0014] A further teaching of the invention provides that the actuator is a spring element, a hydraulic system with at least one hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic system with at least one pneumatic cylinder, or a rotary drive.

[0015] A further teaching of the invention provides that a pressure measuring device is provided for measuring a pressure in the pressure medium of the pneumatic or hydraulic system.

[0016] A further teaching of the invention provides that a position measuring means is provided for measuring the position or a change in position of the control element.

[0017] A further teaching of the invention provides that the position measuring means is an angle measuring sensor for monitoring the pivoting of the pivot axis connected to the control element.

[0018] A further teaching of the invention provides that the receptacle (4) has at least one connection through which a liquid, preferably a bentonite suspension, can be introduced into the receptacle.

[0019] A further teaching of the invention provides that the contact surface has at least one beveled region. A further teaching of the invention provides that the actuator is arranged inside the interior of the receptacle or outside the receptacle.

[0020] A further teaching of the invention provides that a lever arm is provided between the actuator and the pivot axis when the actuator is arranged outside the receptacle.

[0021] With regard to the drilling device, the invention proposes a drilling device for creating a bore in the ground from a starting point to a target point and for introducing a pipeline into the ground, comprising a drill head with a cutting device arranged on the drill head for loosening the ground and a peripheral wall as a housing wall of the drilling device with at least one monitoring device as previously described.

[0022] A further teaching of the invention provides that the peripheral wall has an opening, preferably in the ridge, particularly preferably at the apex, under which the monitoring device is arranged.

[0023] A further teaching of the invention provides that the monitoring device is connected to the measuring and control system of the drilling device.

[0024] A further teaching of the invention provides that the monitoring device is connected to a bentonite lubrication system of the drilling device via at least one connection of the monitoring device.

[0025] A further teaching of the invention provides that at least two monitoring devices are provided which are arranged radially and / or axially offset.

[0026] With regard to the method, the invention proposes a method for monitoring a removal quantity of loosened soil and / or an overcut for creating an annular space when creating a borehole in the ground by advancing a drilling device, preferably a previously described drilling device, in the ground by loosening the soil by means of a cutting device from a starting point to a target point, characterized in that an earth pressure exerted on the drilling device is continuously determined at least in sections in an area behind the cutting device by means of a control element of a monitoring device, preferably a previously described monitoring device, which is formed from the peripheral wall of the drilling device by pivoting the extended control element, in order to thereby determine an over- / under-removal of the loosened soil, or in that a change in the position of the control element of a monitoring device,preferably a previously described monitoring device, in an area behind the cutting device during drilling, at least in sections, is continuously detected in order to thereby determine an over- / under-removal of the loosened soil.,

[0027] This makes it easy to continuously detect over- or under-extraction during drilling, at least in certain sections. This avoids inaccurate quantity or volume measurements of the overburden. This monitoring allows you to determine whether the surrounding soil is becoming increasingly loose, which could indicate that too much soil has been removed in relation to the advance rate. In this case, appropriate measures can be taken, for example, to increase / decrease the advance rate and / or decrease / increase the amount of overburden extracted per unit of time.

[0028] A further teaching of the invention provides that the pivoting of the control element takes place hydraulically or pneumatically.

[0029] A further teaching of the invention provides that a change in the earth pressure is detected by measuring the pressure in a pressure medium used in the pneumatic or hydraulic system and / or by means of a change in the position of the control element.

[0030] A further teaching of the invention provides that the pressure medium is subjected to a fraction, preferably at most 20%, more preferably at most 10%, more preferably at most 5% of the passive earth pressure of the surrounding soil.

[0031] The drilling rig can be any type of machine, e.g., a full-face or partial-face machine. The process is also applicable regardless of the type of excavated soil being extracted, e.g., by bucket conveyor, screw conveyor, or flush conveyor.

[0032] The control element can have various geometries. For example, a control element is conceivable whose outer wall, when not extended, continues the shape of the peripheral wall forming the periphery of the drilling device, and which executes a pivoting movement when extended. Thus, the control element could, for example, protrude from the peripheral wall of the drilling device in a fin-like manner when extended.

[0033] Not every soil composition may be suitable for implementing the inventive method. However, the method is adaptable to different soil compositions. The inventive method does not require the detection of subtle changes in earth pressure in order to respond with changes in the advance rate and / or the amount of excavated material per unit of time. The inventive method is already effective if a significant decrease in earth pressure can be detected, which indicates excessive soil extraction.

[0034] The method according to the invention can be carried out in such a way that a change in the earth pressure is detected by measuring the pressure in a pressure medium used in the hydraulic or pneumatic system and / or by means of a change in the position of the control element.

[0035] If too much soil is removed, the earth pressure on the drilling device and thus on the control element decreases. This causes the control element to move outward, resulting in a reduction in pressure in the pressure medium, which could be water or oil, for example.

[0036] In order to detect a reduction in earth pressure, the control element protrudes at least partially from the peripheral wall of the drilling rig, e.g. by a value of up to 20 mm or more. In order to keep the position of the control element stable despite a reduction in earth pressure, the pressure of the pressure medium is automatically adjusted, i.e. reduced, and preferably when the pressure falls below a limit value or there is a pressure change, a signal is automatically issued or an action is triggered in order to reduce the advance rate and / or the amount of excavated material delivered per unit of time. If a sufficient increase in earth pressure is detected by the control element, the advance rate and / or the amount of excavated material delivered per unit of time can be increased again.

[0037] Alternatively, a change in the position of the control element can be detected at a preset output pressure of the pressure medium. First, the control element can be brought into an initial position in which the control element protrudes at least partially from the peripheral wall of the drilling device, e.g. by up to 20 mm or up to 50 mm. Larger values ​​are also possible. The control element is preferably blocked against movement from the initial position towards the interior of the drilling device so that up to a maximum load only movement into the ground or from there back to the initial position is possible. To prevent damage if the maximum load is exceeded, a pressure relief valve can be used, for example. The initial pressure can be selected depending on the soil conditions and / or composition.It may be advantageous to set the initial pressure so that it is a fraction of the passive earth pressure, e.g., at most 20%, more preferably at most 10%, or more preferably at most 5%. In this case, only a local, massive reduction in the passive earth pressure in the soil allows outward movement of the control element, which is a strong indication of significant over-extraction. Since, in an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, only a small fraction of the passive earth pressure is selected for the initial pressure, this does not necessarily have to be determined precisely in advance. Rather, a rough estimate of the passive earth pressure may be sufficient for known or assumed soil compositions.

[0038] Thus, the earth pressure acting on the drilling device can be monitored by measuring the pressure in the pressure medium and / or by measuring the position change or displacement of the control element. The term "earth pressure" generally refers to the pressure exerted by the ground under the given conditions on a surface, in this case, particularly the tunneling device, and is used here to distinguish it from the technical terms "passive earth pressure" and "active earth pressure."

[0039] Preferably, the control element is arranged in the area of ​​the roof, i.e. at an upper point of the tunnelling device, since this is where a reduction in earth pressure due to excessive extraction is most noticeable.

[0040] The control element should preferably be installed as close as possible behind the tip of the machine in order to detect over-extraction of soil at an early stage.

[0041] An exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention and the drilling device according to the invention is illustrated below with reference to the figures.

[0042] Fig. 1: in lateral cross-section the front end of a drilling device with a first embodiment of a monitoring device according to the invention with a control element,

[0043] Fig. 2: an enlarged section of the drilling device according to Fig. 1, the monitoring device in the retracted state of the control element, Fig. 3: the monitoring device according to Fig. 2 in the retracted state of the control element in axial cross-section,

[0044] Fig. 4: the monitoring device according to Fig. 2 in lateral cross-section in the extended state of the control element,

[0045] Fig. 5 is a side view of a second embodiment of a monitoring device according to the invention with the control element retracted, and

[0046] Fig. 6 is a side view of a second embodiment of a monitoring device according to the invention with the control element extended to Fig. 5

[0047] Fig. 1 shows schematically in lateral cross-section the front part of a tubular drilling device 20 having a peripheral wall 3 with a drilling head 1 with a cutting wheel 21 with drilling tools 22 for loosening soil 10 and a motor unit 2 for driving the cutting wheel 21.

[0048] A first embodiment of a monitoring device 30 according to the invention for the annular space 14 between the outer side 24 of the peripheral wall 24 and the borehole wall 13 is provided on the peripheral wall 3, here preferably in the region of its apex 23, particularly preferably as close as possible to the cutting wheel 21. Alternatively, a second embodiment of the monitoring device 30 according to the invention can also be arranged here.

[0049] The monitoring device 30 is preferably arranged below an opening 25 in the peripheral wall 3. The monitoring device 30 has a box-shaped receptacle 4. In an interior space 33 of the box-shaped receptacle 4, a wedge-shaped control element 5 is arranged such that it can pivot about a pivot axis 6. The control element 5 is articulated to a piston 7 of a hydraulic cylinder 8, wherein the hydraulic cylinder 8 is pivotable about a pivot axis 31 relative to the receptacle 4 and about a pivot axis 32 relative to the control element 5.

[0050] The control element 5 can have a contact surface 9 which, when the control element 5 is extended, is in contact with the ground 10 or the borehole wall 13. The contact surface 9 can preferably have a beveled region 34, as shown by way of example in Fig. 6. The beveled region 34 makes it easy to ensure that the largest possible or constant area of ​​the contact surface 9 is in contact with the ground 10 / the borehole wall 14 right from the start in order to achieve the greatest possible measurement accuracy. Alternatively or additionally, the shape of the contact surface 9 can also be adapted such that, depending on the degree of extension of the control element 5, the area of ​​the contact surface in contact with the ground is as constant as possible in order to achieve the most consistent measurement accuracy possible.

[0051] Via the hydraulic cylinder 8 and the piston 7, referred to as hydraulic system 11 in their entirety hereinafter, the control element 5 can be brought from a retracted position (see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) into an extended position (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 4) in the direction of travel B shown as an arrow, by the control element 5 being pivoted out and in about the pivot axis 6 in the pivot direction A shown by the arrow, or being extendable and retractable.

[0052] The control element 5 has an upper contact surface 9. In the extended position of the control element 5, this surface protrudes at least partially from the receptacle 4 through the opening 25 and thus also beyond the circumference of the peripheral wall 3.

[0053] Fig. 2 shows an enlarged section of the drilling device 20 with the box-shaped holder 4, the control element 5, the piston 7 and the hydraulic cylinder 8 together with the base 10 surrounding the drilling device 20. In the retracted state, the control element 5 is arranged with its contact surface 9 substantially flush with the circumference of the peripheral wall 3.

[0054] Fig. 3 shows the situation according to Fig. 2 in axial cross-section. Fig. 4 shows, in a representation corresponding to Fig. 2, the control element 5 in an extended position in which the contact surface 9 of the control element 5 protrudes into the ground 10.

[0055] 5 and 6 show a second embodiment of a monitoring device 30 according to the invention, shown here in a simplified manner without the drilling device 20. The drive system, here preferably in the form of a hydraulic system 11, is arranged outside the receptacle 4. The pivot axis 6 is connected to a lever arm 35, which is pivotally connected to the piston 7 via the pivot axis 32. The hydraulic cylinder 8 is further pivotally connected to the receptacle 4 via the pivot axis 31. The control element 5 is pivoted in and out by actuating the hydraulic cylinder 8 by moving the lever arm 35 in the pivot direction A.

[0056] The control element 5 has a contact surface 9, which preferably has a beveled region 34. This can also be provided in the first embodiment of the monitoring device according to the invention.

[0057] Furthermore, the receptacle 4 preferably has connections 36, 37 through which, for example, the receptacle 4 can be rinsed with bentonite suspension or water so that soil 10, which enters the receptacle 4 through the opening, can be removed therefrom.

[0058] Furthermore, the receptacle 4 can be filled through the connections 36, 37 by means of bentonite suspension and, if necessary, pressurized, thereby preventing or reducing the probability that soil 10 or bentonite suspension from the annular space 14, which is contaminated with dissolved soil, enters the receptacle through the opening 25.

[0059] Furthermore, a seal (not shown) can preferably be arranged in the opening through which the control element 5 moves and which prevents the base 10 from entering the receptacle 4.

[0060] Additionally and not shown, an angle sensor can be provided on the swivel axis 6 and / or a position sensor in the hydraulic system 11, with which it is possible to determine how far the control element is / will be extended or retracted.

[0061] Furthermore, a pressure sensor (not shown) can be provided in the hydraulic system, with which a pressure acting on the control element 5 or its contact surface 9, or the change in the pressure acting on the contact surface 9, is measured / determined.

[0062] The exemplary procedure is as follows: From a starting pit (not shown here), the drilling device 20, for example with a rotating drill head 1, is driven into the ground 10. Alternatively, a shield tunneling method can also be used. The drill head 1 has a slightly larger diameter than the circumference of the peripheral wall 3 of the drilling device 20, through which the so-called overcut is created. This creates an annular space 14 between the borehole wall 13 and the outer side 24 of the peripheral wall 3. For example, lubricating material 12, for example a bentonite suspension, can be introduced into the annular space 14 via lines (not shown here) and, if applicable, openings (not shown) provided in the peripheral wall 3. This lubricating material reduces the friction of the peripheral wall 3 and later also of the outer side of the pipes to be laid against the ground 10.

[0063] Excavated soil 10, i.e., the overburden, can be transported toward the starting pit via pipes (not shown here) with the addition of a liquid, such as water or bentonite suspension. Alternative methods of removal are also possible, for example, via a screw, belt, or bucket conveyor (also not shown here) located inside the drilling device 20.

[0064] With the penetration of the drilling device 20 into the ground 10 or shortly thereafter, the control element 5 is brought into an extended position (see Fig. 1, 4 and Fig. 6) by means of the hydraulic system 11, so that the contact surface 9, which is preferably flat but can also take on other shapes, comes into contact with the surrounding ground 10.

[0065] After drilling, continuous measurement of the overcut or the amount of soil removed, or of any over- or under-removal of soil, is possible during the drilling process. Measurements are preferably taken over a longer section, for example, in previously identified sections of the borehole or over the entire length of the borehole from the starting pit to the target pit.

[0066] One possibility is that the pressure of a pressure medium in the hydraulic system 11 is adjusted when the control element 5 is extended in such a way that a balance is achieved between the torques exerted on the control element 5 via the pressure of the base 10 on the one hand and via the piston 7 on the other hand.

[0067] If the pressure of the soil 10 decreases, for example because a cavity forms in the roof above the borehole, the pressure in the hydraulic system 11 must be reduced accordingly to maintain the position of the control element 5, so that the reduction in earth pressure can be determined via the pressure in the hydraulic system 11. Such a reduction in earth pressure suggests that excessive extraction of soil 10 has occurred, so that as a countermeasure, for example, the extraction rate of the overburden can be reduced and / or the advance speed of the drilling device 20 can be increased to prevent subsidence or undesired loosening of the soil 10.

[0068] If the pressure of the soil 10 increases, for example because too little soil 10 is loosened by the cutting wheel 21 and subsequently removed, the pressure in the hydraulic system 11 must be increased accordingly in order to maintain the position of the control element 5, so that the increase in earth pressure can be determined via the pressure in the hydraulic system 11. Such an increase in earth pressure suggests that too little soil 10 has been removed, so that as a countermeasure, for example, the conveying rate of the overburden can be increased or reduced and / or the advance speed of the drilling device 20 can be reduced in order to prevent outward bulging or undesired compaction of the soil 10. It may also be necessary to replace the drilling tools 22, particularly in the edge area of ​​the cutting wheel 21, since these may be worn.

[0069] Furthermore, it is also possible to detect radial shrinkage of the borehole using the monitoring direction 30. If necessary, it is advantageous to provide several monitoring devices on the peripheral wall, offset from one another, for example, by 20 to 30 degrees, in the region of the borehole crown. Furthermore, it is advantageous to space them axially apart.

[0070] As an alternative to measuring the pressure in the hydraulic system 11 or in parallel thereto, the extension length of the piston 7 or the position of the control element 5 relative to other parts of the propulsion device, e.g. to the peripheral wall 3, can also be measured using suitable methods in order to determine a change in the earth pressure exerted by the soil 10 on the control element 5.

[0071] For this purpose, an initial pressure can be set in the hydraulic system, for example, which is a fraction, for example 10%, of the passive earth pressure of the surrounding soil 10. From an initial position of the control element 5, in which the control element 5 protrudes with its contact surface 9 from the peripheral wall 3 of the drilling device 20, preferably by 20-50 mm, particularly preferably by 30 mm, the control element 5 is pushed outward when the earth pressure is less than 10% of the passive earth pressure. This movement allows for the simple but precise detection of excessive excavation of overburden in the soil 10.

[0072] To prevent soil 10 from penetrating the receptacle 4, the receptacle 4 can be filled with a material that does not impede the functions of the hydraulic system 11, for example, bentonite suspension, preferably via the connections 36, 37. This material is preferably at a pressure at least substantially corresponding to the pressure of the lubricating material 12 in order to prevent the entry of the lubricating material 12, which may be mixed with soil 10. Furthermore, it is conceivable to not only pivot the control element 5 but also to move it with a translational movement.

[0073] The features of the device and the method shown in the exemplary embodiments can be replaced or supplemented within the meaning of the invention by alternative or further features, such as those shown in the general part of the description or those apparent to a person skilled in the art.

[0074] List of reference symbols:

[0075] 1 drill head

[0076] 2 Motor unit

[0077] 3 Perimeter wall

[0078] 4 Recording

[0079] 5 Control element

[0080] 6 swivel axis

[0081] 7 pistons

[0082] 8 hydraulic cylinders

[0083] 9 Contact surface

[0084] 10 Soil

[0085] 11 Hydraulic system

[0086] 12 Lubricating material

[0087] 13 Borehole wall

[0088] 14 Annular space

[0089] 20 drilling device

[0090] 21 Cutting wheel

[0091] 22 drilling tool

[0092] 23 Vertex

[0093] 24 Outside

[0094] 25 Opening

[0095] 30 Monitoring device

[0096] 31 Swivel axis

[0097] 32 swivel axis

[0098] 33 Interior

[0099] 34 beveled area

[0100] 35 lever arm

[0101] 36 connection

[0102] 37 connection

Claims

KLIC KOW & W PARTNERSHIP COMPANY MBB PATENTANWÄLTE EUROPEAN PATENT- AND TRADEMARK ATTORNEYS JESSENSTRASSE 4 22767 HAMBURG GERMANY Applicant: Herrenknecht AG www.klickow-wetzel.de Schlehenweg 2 Phone: +49 (0)40 380 8715-0 77963 Schwanau Fax: +49 (0)40 380 8715-25 Germany mail@klickow-wetzel.de HKN-212-PCT March 19, 2024 / pwi.pwi Patent claims 1. A monitoring device for monitoring a quantity of loosened soil extracted and / or an overcut for creating an annular space when creating a borehole in the ground (10) by advancing a drilling device (20), wherein the monitoring device can be arranged below an opening (25) in a peripheral wall (3) of a drilling device (20) or below an opening in an outer wall of a pipe section of a drilling device or an extension pipe, wherein the drilling device (20) is a drilling device for creating a borehole in the ground from a starting point to a target point, wherein the monitoring device (30) has a receptacle (4) having an interior space (33) and a passage opening for arrangement in the region of the opening (25), wherein the monitoring device (30) has a control element (5) which is arranged in the interior space (33) so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis (6).wherein an actuator (11) is provided in connection with the control element (5), wherein the control element (5) is movable in a pivoting direction (A) via the actuator (11), wherein the control element (5) has a pivoting range so that the control element (5) is movable through the passage opening, and wherein the control element (5) has at least one contact surface (9) which, in the pivoted-out state of the control element (5), is in contact with the borehole wall (13) / the ground (10).

2. Monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator is a spring element, a hydraulic system with at least one hydraulic cylinder (8), a pneumatic system with at least one pneumatic cylinder, or a rotary drive.

3. Monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that a pressure measuring means is provided for measuring a pressure in the pressure medium of the pneumatic or hydraulic system (11).

4. Monitoring device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a position measuring means is provided for measuring the position or a change in position of the control element (5).

5. Monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that the position measuring means is an angle measuring sensor for monitoring the pivoting of the pivot axis (6) connected to the control element (5).

6. Monitoring device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the receptacle (4) has at least one connection (36, 37) through which a liquid, preferably a bentonite suspension, can be introduced into the receptacle (4).

7. Monitoring device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the contact surface (9) has at least one bevelled region (34).

8. Monitoring device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the actuator (11) is arranged within the interior space (33) of the receptacle (4) or outside the receptacle (4).

9. Monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that a lever arm (35) is provided between the actuator (11) and the pivot axis (6) when the actuator is arranged outside the receptacle (4).

10. Drilling device (20) for creating a bore in the ground (10) from a starting point to a target point and for introducing a pipeline into the ground, comprising a drill head (1) with a cutting device (21) arranged on the drill head (1) for loosening the ground (10) and a peripheral wall (3) as the housing wall of the drilling device (20) with at least one monitoring device (30) according to one of claims 1 to 9.

11. Drilling device according to claim 10, characterized in that the peripheral wall (3) has an opening (25) preferably in the ridge, particularly preferably at the apex, under which the monitoring device (30) is arranged.

12. Drilling device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the monitoring device (30) is connected to the measuring and control system of the drilling device (20).

13. Drilling device according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the monitoring device (30) is connected to a bentonite lubrication system of the drilling device via at least one connection (36, 37) of the monitoring device (30).

14. Drilling device according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that at least two monitoring devices (30) are provided, which are arranged radially and / or axially offset.

15. A method for monitoring a removal quantity of loosened soil and / or an overcut for creating an annular space when creating a borehole in the ground (10) by advancing a drilling device (20), preferably according to one of claims 10 to 14, in the ground by loosening the soil by means of a cutting device (21) from a starting point to a target point, characterized in that an earth pressure exerted on the drilling device (20) is continuously determined at least in sections in an area behind the cutting device (21) during drilling by means of a control element (5) of a monitoring device (30) which is extended from the peripheral wall (3) of the drilling device (20) by pivoting, in order to thereby determine an over- / under-removal of the loosened soil, or that a change in a position of the control element (5) of a monitoring device (30),preferably according to one of the claims 1 to 9, in an area behind the cutting device (21) during drilling, at least sections of the drilling are continuously determined in order to thereby determine an over- / under-removal of the loosened soil., 16. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that the pivoting of the control element (5) takes place hydraulically or pneumatically.

17. Method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that a change in the earth pressure is determined by measuring the pressure in a pressure medium used in the pneumatic or hydraulic system (11) and / or by means of a change in the position of the control element (5).

18. Method according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the printing medium is coated with a fraction, preferably at most 20%, more preferably at most 10%, more preferably at most 5% of the passive earth pressure of the surrounding soil (10).

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