Method and device (system) for producing a material panel, material panel, and use of a material panel

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a material panel having at least one layer, wherein at least one of the at least one layer comprises a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant, wherein the method comprises a material flow comprising the base material along at least the following process steps: material preparation, gluing, spreading, pressing, finishing and the material flow is composed of at least a first material flow section and a second material flow section following the first material flow section, and wherein each material flow section is characterized at least by the following parameters: density, moisture, wherein at least one of the parameters can be influenced within the process steps. The aim is to provide a, preferably economical, method for the production of a particularly environmentally friendly and, in particular, particularly compatible material panel for the human organism. According to the invention, the moisture content of the material flow section passing through process step B, i.e. during gluing, is increased by at least 4 % ATRO, preferably by at least 6.5 %, particularly preferably by at least 8 %, very particularly preferably by at least 11.5 %. The invention also relates to an device for producing a material panel having at least one layer, and a material panel.

Description

[0001] Method and device (plant) for producing a material plate, material plate, and use of a material plate

[0002] The invention relates to a method for producing a material board having at least one layer, wherein at least one of the at least one layer has a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant, wherein the method comprises a material flow comprising the base material along at least the following process steps: material preparation, gluing, scattering, pressing, finishing and the material flow is composed of at least a first material flow section and a second material flow section following the first material flow section and wherein each material flow section is characterized by at least the following parameters: density, moisture, wherein at least one of the parameters can be influenced within the process steps.

[0003] The invention further relates to a device for producing a material board having at least one layer, wherein at least one of the at least one layer comprises a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant, wherein the device has a transport path by means of which a material flow comprising the base material can be transported along at least the following process steps: material preparation, gluing, scattering, pressing, finishing and the production sections provided therefor, in particular treatment stations, wherein the device is designed such that the material flow composed of at least a first material flow section and a second material flow section following the first material flow section and characterized at least by the following parameters: density, moisture within the process steps and the production sections provided therefor,in particular treatment stations can be influenced with regard to at least one of the parameters.

[0004] The invention further relates to a material plate which has at least one layer, wherein at least one of the at least one layer has a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant.

[0005] Finally, the invention relates to the use of a material board for residential construction, sometimes as a primarily insulating building element, sometimes as a primarily force-absorbing element, and preferably in the field of facade insulation and (residential) interior construction. The production of material boards takes place either in a cyclical or continuous manner. In cyclical production, the material boards are produced as flat objects with finite dimensions in all three spatial directions, whereas the material boards produced in a continuous process represent cut-to-length sections of a web material with finite dimensions in only two spatial directions.The operation of the joining and / or compaction unit, i.e., the production section designated for pressing and the treatment station designed for this purpose, determines whether the overall process is described as a cyclic or continuous process. Since the compaction units, or rather the combined joining and compaction units, generally operate with significant pressures during material sheet production, these units are usually referred to by experts as a press section with reference to the overall system. When producing material sheets as defined in this document, the working pressures are usually in the range of approximately 50 N / cm, depending on the material and size of the material sheet to be produced. 2 and approx. 500 N / cm 2 and there advantageously between 100 N / cm 2 and 400 N / cm 2, in the case of the production of material panels intended for insulation purposes, which are also colloquially referred to as insulation panels, but usually in ranges between about 0.2 N / mm 2 and 45 N / mm 2 , usually only up to approx. 30 N / mm 2 or even only up to 25 N / mm 2 In general, an individually adjustable pressure profile is used, depending on the desired material plate type and structure, desired thickness, and quality.

[0006] Independently of the working pressures occurring in the press section, or the pressure profiles designed and to be passed through in the aforementioned areas, the material flow in both the so-called "cycle-based" and the "continuous" processes actually moves continuously over large parts of the overall process, i.e. within several production stages and the treatment stations of a device for the production of material plates designed to carry out these stages.

[0007] Material flow refers to the flow, i.e. the movement, of the material along successive production stages and the treatment stations designed for this purpose, which is ultimately decisive for the formation of the material plate, regardless of its ultimate proportion remaining in the final product.Viewed as a whole, the material flow within a device for producing material boards, i.e. a material board production plant, is composed in particular of the base material(s) obtained from an annual or perennial plant, the moisture contained therein, generally also fluids added at least in phases, in particular water, added binders and, in some cases, solvents included at least in phases, even if not all of the components mentioned must already be present in all production stages and / or their proportional composition can change over the course of production.

[0008] Typically, processes for producing a material board comprising at least one layer, wherein at least one of the at least one layer comprises a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant, envisage that the material flow within the material board production plant begins with the so-called "material preparation." There, only the base material(s) are usually present. The base material(s) are then, at least upon entering this first production stage, in a "semi-finished" state, meaning that the particles have often not yet assumed their final shape. In connection with the material preparation, the base material may also undergo initial moistening, i.e., generally treatment with water. In some cases, the base material is also subjected to a shaping effect during this production stage.For this purpose, for example, a knife ring flaker, a knife shaft flaker and / or a refiner can be provided.

[0009] In a second production phase, the so-called “drying” usually takes place.

[0010] This is usually followed by the third production stage, known as "gluing." After leaving the "gluing" stage, the material flow then normally enters the production stage known as "spreading." This production stage is occasionally referred to by experts as "forming" or "spreading and forming." From there, the material flow then enters the production stage known as "pressing," which is then followed by "finishing," usually the last production stage within a composite board production plant.

[0011] This standard sequence of production steps may be interspersed with additional production steps on a case-by-case basis. For example, in particular if the particles are to be formed in fiber form to form at least one of the at least one layer(s), a "cooking" step and, in some cases, an additional "drying" step may be provided.

[0012] In any case, the maturity of the material flow increases along the successive production stages, and the components originally available as raw materials (semi-finished products) ultimately become the material sheets. In order to assess the changing compositions and properties of the material flow, the material flow is conceptually divided into successive material flow stages. These material flow stages do not necessarily have to be separated from one another, but are generally connected at least in phases during their movement by the device for producing a material sheet (the material sheet production system). The material flow stages can be very short, for example, only one or a few centimeters.However, given the size of a typical material sheet production plant, whose press section, in the case of a continuous press, may already be several tens of meters long, for example, 60 meters, it is usually more sensible to divide the material flow into other "batch sizes." One meter may be suitable for this purpose. In other cases, however, it may also be sensible to mentally divide the length of the successive and at least partially interconnected material flow sections that form the material flow from the outset into the final length dimensions of the material sheets to be produced. At least in Europe, these are usually lengths of 3 meters or, even more frequently, 6 meters. Most material sheet production plants have sampling points in at least one area where so-called laboratory samples can be taken from the production flow for testing purposes.These sampling points are usually designed for sampling either one meter or one plate length, sometimes even half a meter or half a plate length. Ultimately, however, sampling in all of the above-mentioned lengths can be used more or less appropriately for assessing the presence of features relevant to the invention. Sampling can be performed, in particular, at the entry and exit areas of the respective production stages.

[0013] Both from an economic perspective and with regard to their technical usability, material boards comprising at least one layer, where at least one of the at least one layer comprises a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant, occupy a special position among material boards. Such material boards are often simply referred to by those skilled in the art as "wood-based panels," even if they comprise one or more layers that are not based on a raw material obtained from a perennial plant. Wood-based panels are manufactured in a wide variety of forms for different applications. Particularly widespread are particle boards, OSB boards, and MDF or HDF boards, as well as hybrid boards constructed from individual layers of such composites.The naming of the material boards depends on the shape and size of the wood particles used in the board or layer structure. Experts refer to a particle board when it is made from "fine" wood particles, while an OSB board is used when it is made from coarse wood particles. Experts generally understand fine wood particles to be particles whose maximum dimension in one spatial direction does not exceed 60 mm. These particles, described as chips, are usually even formed with a maximum dimension of 25 mm or even 20 mm, but on the other hand, they also usually have minimum lengths of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, or even more.In general, the expert defines coarse wood particles as particles whose maximum dimension in one spatial direction is at least 60 mm. These particles, described as long chips, are usually formed with a maximum dimension of 60 mm to 185 mm, in particular 80 mm to 140 mm. For special requirements, the particles can even be formed in the form of long chips with nominal dimensions of up to approximately 300 mm, e.g., in the range from 80 mm to 240 mm or from 150 mm to 300 mm.

[0014] MDF and HDF boards, or their individual layers, are made of (medium-density or high-density compressed) particles that are in fiber form and are usually obtained from the raw material with the interposition of a chemical process, usually a type of cooking process (the so-called "cooking").

[0015] Hybrid panels consist of several layers of different types and are often particularly suitable when the material panel has to meet different requirements for its intended use.

[0016] The wood-based panels mentioned are made from wood particles (chips, long chips or fibers) of different shapes and sizes, whereby the wood particles are bonded by stimulating their own adhesion mechanisms and adding adhesives (usually glue) in the so-called press section under the influence of pressure and temperature.

[0017] In recent times, the search for the most environmentally friendly material board possible has gained increasing importance, also based on the observation that consumption is generally steadily increasing worldwide. In particular, efforts are being made to use annual plants, particularly grass-like plants, in addition to wood materials, which take many years to regrow, for the production of material boards. These annual plants have the great advantage of rapid growth. Since annual plants do not shed bark, their harvested products initially form a homogeneous raw material from a production perspective, the fibers of which can be obtained for material board production through a splicing process. Thus, single- or multi-layer material boards whose individual layers are composed of annual plants are also known from the state of the art.However, the processing of annual plants is significantly more complicated than wood particle-based material boards. The high release of silicates during the manufacturing process, which have an abrasive effect on plant construction, poses a major obstacle.

[0018] In addition, the mechanical properties of panels (layers) based on particles made from annual plants differ from those of wood particle-based counterparts.

[0019] These problems alone are significantly slowing down the development of the use of material boards in growth markets and thus also slowing down overall economic growth in various markets.

[0020] In addition, a holistic consideration of a material board and its manufacturing process, including the necessary plant engineering, also includes a holistic consideration of the material flow, the energy flow required to form the material board, and, in particular, the accompanying substances, in addition to the natural fiber-based particles, that are responsible for the formation process of the material board and its (mechanical) properties. Binders are particularly important here.

[0021] Against this background, one object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a material board that, viewed as a whole, makes it particularly environmentally friendly by today's standards. Furthermore, a further object of the present invention can be seen in providing a material board that is particularly environmentally friendly in itself and, in particular, advantageously places little overall strain on the human organism and the environment, both in connection with its production and in connection with its use and subsequent disposal by today's standards.

[0022] The aim is preferably to provide a material board and a method for producing a material board that has a particularly high proportion of materials obtained from renewable resources. At least one aspect of at least one of the aforementioned objects is achieved in connection with an initially mentioned method for producing a material board having at least one layer, wherein at least one of the at least one layer comprises a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant, by increasing the moisture content of the material flow section passing through process step B, i.e., the "gluing", i.e., during the gluing, by at least 4% ATRO, preferably by at least 6.5% ATRO, particularly preferably by at least 8% ATRO, most particularly preferably by at least 11.5% ATRO.

[0023] In other words, the moisture content, i.e., the moisture content of the material flow consisting of successive material flow sections—or, more simply, the web material—is increased during gluing by at least 4% ATRO, preferably by at least 6.5% ATRO, particularly preferably by at least 8% ATRO, and most preferably by at least 11.5% ATRO. When quantifying the increase in moisture, the absolute moisture content at the entrance and exit of the gluing process step is considered in particular.

[0024] Moisture content is often referred to as "wood moisture content" or "wood humidity," and here simply as "humidity." It is characterized by the ratio of the water mass contained in the wood to the dry mass of the wood, expressed as a percentage. It should not be confused with the water content of the wood, which represents the ratio of the water mass contained in the wood to the total mass of the (moist) wood, expressed as a percentage. Moisture is measured and expressed as a percentage (%) ATRO (absolutely dry).

[0025] Surprisingly, it has been shown that the general assumption that an increase in humidity would disrupt the gluing process does not seem to hold true, at least under certain circumstances. In any case, positive effects seem to outweigh the negative side effects under certain circumstances. It is suspected that a stimulation of the inherent binding forces occurs, the positive effects of which appear to have a stronger impact on the gluing process than the previously generally assumed negative effects associated with the disruptive influence of humidity on the setting process of the binders.

[0026] Since these observations were surprisingly made in tests that were primarily carried out on continuously operating presses whose overall process speed is adjusted to approximately 600 mm / s to approximately 3000 mm / s, the time factor that arises at these production speeds for typical plant sizes between the exit of the "gluing" production section and the entrance to the "pressing" production section may also play a role.

[0027] In any case, the observed positive effects seem to turn negative again if the humidity is increased too much, for example by more than 18% or even only by 16.5%.

[0028] It is therefore particularly recommended that the humidity of the material flow section passing through process step B, i.e. the "gluing", i.e. during gluing, is increased by between 4% ATRO and 18% ATRO, preferably between 4% ATRO and 16.5% ATRO, more preferably between 4% ATRO, more preferably between 6.5% ATRO and 16.5% ATRO, particularly preferably between 8% ATRO and 16.5% ATRO, most preferably between 11.5% ATRO and 16.5% ATRO.

[0029] Depending on the lignin and / or glucose content of the relevant base material, i.e., the annual or perennial plant variety used in the process, it may also be advisable to replace the upper limit of 16.5% with an upper limit of 15%. However, this appears to be advantageous for plant varieties with above-average lignin and / or glucose content.

[0030] Independently of this, another positive influence that can be assumed in connection with the increase in moisture during gluing can be seen in the fact that heat transport via moisture crosslinking can be improved.

[0031] The conflicting nature of the various influencing factors may result in the relatively narrow window within which an increase in moisture content within the gluing process has a positive effect on the production of a material board of this type. The window of a maximum of 14% ATRO, and in preferred cases possibly only a few percent ATRO, is also to be understood as particularly narrow because experts know that wood can also exhibit moisture levels well above 100% ATRO, and in some cases even above 150% ATRO.

[0032] Preferably, the process steps are carried out, at least in part, at the material flow section to be treated, while the material flow section concerned passes through a production section, in particular a treatment station, of a material plate production plant assigned to the process step concerned.

[0033] Furthermore, in the aforementioned contexts, it is advantageous if suitable sensors are available in at least one production section to record the parameters density and moisture, which sensors are set up to transmit recorded data to a control and / or regulating device of a material plate production plant used to carry out the method, i.e. a device for producing material plates.

[0034] Precise knowledge of the measured values ​​of the parameters mentioned helps to ensure the most ideal dosage of the binders and thus also contributes to the production of a material board that is as environmentally friendly as possible.

[0035] This ensures particularly safe and stable processes and particularly reproducible process results. This also promotes occupational safety and can contribute to energy savings. This applies if at least the significant portion of the respective process step in the material flow section to be treated is carried out when the affected material flow section passes through a production section, in particular a treatment station, of a material plate production plant associated with the affected process step. In some cases, it may be preferable for the base material to comprise particles in fiber form.

[0036] Due to its structure, fiber material has a relatively low moisture absorption capacity compared to its surface area, so there is a risk that moisture will settle on the surface of the fiber and not penetrate at all or only slightly, thus disrupting the wetting process and, in particular, the setting process of binders. However, tests have shown surprisingly good results, both with long fibers particularly suitable for the production of insulation boards and with fibers suitable for the production of MDF and / or HDF boards. It can be assumed that the high moisture penetration distribution of a layer scattered with fibers, which is achievable if the fibers are (already) (re)moisturized during the gluing process, ensures good heat transport in downstream production stages.

[0037] Additionally or alternatively, it may also be preferred in certain cases for the base material to comprise particles which are in chip form.

[0038] Particles that are in chip form offer a high absorption capacity for moisture, so that special synergy effects can be achieved in connection with the present process, even if their surface is relatively small in relation to the mass and the possibly stimulated, binding substances of the base material are thus limited in their escape to the surface of the particle.

[0039] It is of great advantage if the gluing is divided into at least a first gluing, which is preferably carried out at a first production section assigned to the gluing, and in particular a treatment station provided there for this purpose, and a second gluing, which is preferably carried out at a second production section assigned to the gluing, and in particular a treatment station provided there for this purpose.

[0040] Surprisingly, it has been found to be advantageous if the gluing and the associated moistening of the base material are carried out in at least two separate steps.

[0041] For example, the recovery behavior of insulation boards can be positively influenced in this way.

[0042] In some cases, it can be very advantageous if the moisture content is increased by a higher percentage during the first gluing than during the second gluing.

[0043] Under these circumstances, it can be particularly advantageous if the moisture content in connection with the first gluing is increased by a percentage that is preferably between 3 and 25 times, particularly preferably between 5 and 25 times, very preferably between 7 and 25 times, very preferably between 11.5 and 25 times higher than in connection with the second gluing.

[0044] Surprisingly, these values ​​have proven to be particularly positive in tests.

[0045] In other cases, however, it can be highly advantageous if the moisture content is increased by a higher percentage during the second gluing than during the first gluing. Even under these circumstances, it can be particularly advantageous if the moisture content is increased by a percentage, preferably between 3 and 25 times, particularly preferably between 5 and 25 times, very preferably between 7 and 25 times, and most preferably between 11.5 and 25 times, during the second gluing, that is higher than during the first gluing.

[0046] Surprisingly, these values ​​were also observed in experiments to produce particularly beneficial effects.

[0047] In connection with various of the aforementioned embodiments, it may also be preferred if an initial gluing is carried out before the first gluing.

[0048] Surprisingly, particular advantages also arise here if the moisture content in connection with the initial gluing is increased by a percentage that is preferably between 3 and 25 times, particularly preferably between 5 and 25 times, very preferably between 7 and 25 times, most preferably between 11.5 and 25 times, smaller than in connection with the first gluing.

[0049] These values ​​also cannot be explained according to current knowledge and were surprisingly obtained in experiments.

[0050] Particular advantages can arise if at least part of the gluing, in particular the first gluing, is carried out before the base material, in particular the particles, are cooked in the cooking stage, in particular in a production stage associated with the cooking stage, in particular the treatment station. The term "cooking" in the context of this document refers to the steps necessary for breaking down the base material in the production of fibrous particles.

[0051] In particular, "cooking" within the meaning of this document should include steaming and / or cooking, which may, in some cases, be supplemented by (additional) chemical and / or mechanical pulping to produce (individual) fibers from the base material. Cooking may therefore also include processing within a refiner and / or a chipper, for example, a knife-ring chipper or a knife-shaft chipper.

[0052] In plant engineering, cooking is often described as the wet part.

[0053] Such early gluing has the advantage that the elements of the glue responsible for bonding can form particularly intensive bonds with the base material and the particles to be produced from it. However, since it must also be taken into account that a significant portion of the binder is washed out and, in some cases, the base material is not yet in its (final) particle form, it is particularly advisable to only provide an initial gluing in this embodiment, which is then, for example, carried into the cooking liquid and / or in the cooking liquid even during mechanical splitting of the base material and can act on the (forming) fibers there. Overall, this method, despite the rinsing losses, reduces the total amount of binder required, i.e., the total amount of binder to be used and the associated costs.

[0054] Important advantages can arise if at least part of the gluing, in particular the first gluing, is carried out before and / or during the drying of the base material, in particular the particles, in a production section dedicated to drying, in particular a treatment station. "Drying" refers to the production section in which the drying process is clearly the focus. There are, of course, various production sections in which the material flow is already influenced, for example, due to its movement, a humidity and / or temperature gradient relative to the ambient air, or due to the elevated temperature and / or an increased ambient or pressure.

[0055] In the production stage, which is generally understood as drying in the context of processes for manufacturing material boards, however, only ambient pressures usually prevail. Above all, however, drying is characterized by the fact that it takes place outside of the pressing process and generally precedes it, and the moisture content is significantly reduced here. Typically, moisture levels of 70% and 120% in the drying process are reduced to approximately 6% and 12% in the drying process at the exit.

[0056] During the drying process, the moisture content is reduced by at least two-thirds of the initial moisture content, usually by at least about 80% of the initial moisture content.

[0057] Gluing before and / or during drying enables the binder to remain in contact with the particles to be bonded for a long time. In addition, the temperatures prevailing during drying cause the pores to be open or at least enlarged, which is very beneficial for stable crosslinking. Previously, it was believed that binders added to the material flow before the end of drying, and especially before it began, would set prematurely and no longer show sufficient bonding properties during pressing. However, tests carried out under the conditions of increasing the moisture content together with the gluing have shown that the opposite can then be achieved (within the narrow limits described above). Due to the high bonding properties, the amount of binder required can be reduced and / or at least partially replaced by particularly compatible binders.Advantageously, at least part of the gluing, in particular the second gluing, is carried out after drying in the drying process, in particular in a production section associated with the drying process, in particular a treatment station.

[0058] In this way, binders that are not suitable for passing through the drying stage of production can also have an influence on the overall gluing process, for example because they set due to the high temperatures prevailing there or their binding capacity becomes unusable for the further process in some other way.

[0059] In addition, a certain inertia in the bonding process also seems to be observed, so that if at least an initial gluing is carried out before drying, a kind of refreshment of the bonding process by a second gluing after drying also appears to promote the overall bonding process. In this way, the efficiency of an initial gluing prior to drying can be increased by a second gluing after drying.

[0060] It may also be advantageous if at least part of the gluing, in particular the second gluing and / or a third gluing, is carried out within the scattering, in particular in a production section assigned to the scattering, in particular a treatment station.

[0061] In this way, the type and quantity of binder can be assigned to the respective layer, since sequentially arranged dispersing heads are generally provided for the dispersion of the individual layers arranged one above the other in the material flow. Each of these dispersing heads has a type of storage space in which, for example, the binder intended for the second and / or third gluing can be individually dosed according to the recipe of the material board to be produced. If two different binder types are used, a second and third gluing could be performed there on a case-by-case basis.

[0062] It may also be preferred that the moisture content, preferably immediately before the first gluing, is between 2% ATRO and 19% ATRO, in particular between 4% ATRO and 16% ATRO, most particularly between 5.5% ATRO and 12.5% ​​ATRO.

[0063] It can be seen that the moisture content in the material flow section under consideration is increased by at least 20% up to at least 575% during the gluing process and in relation to its moisture content prevailing, in particular immediately before the first gluing.

[0064] The inventors now assume that the high moisture absorption capacity of the previously highly dried base material, or of the particles formed from it, especially the chips or fibers, also translates into an increased absorption rate of the available moisture, which appears to have a positive effect on the bonding strength between the particles and the binder. Under these special conditions, gluing can be carried out particularly efficiently, ultimately saving resources.This design can result in particular advantages if the method is used in connection with the production of a material plate according to the continuous process, since due to the transport speed of the material flow intended or desired in order to achieve high productivity, high efficiency of the individual production stages and their interaction is particularly desirable.

[0065] Preferably, the method can also provide that the moisture content, preferably immediately before the initial gluing, is between 2% ATRO and 19% ATRO, in particular between 4% ATRO and 16% ATRO, and most particularly between 5.5% ATRO and 12.5% ​​ATRO. This results in the moisture content in the material flow section under consideration being increased by at least 20% up to at least 575% during the gluing process, relative to its moisture content, preferably immediately before the initial gluing.

[0066] In this context, the inventors also assume that the high moisture absorption capacity of the previously highly dried base material, or of the particles formed from it, especially the chips or fibers, also translates into an increased absorption rate of the available moisture, which appears to have a positive effect on the bonding strength between the particles and the binder. Under these special conditions, gluing can be carried out particularly efficiently, ultimately saving resources.This design can result in particular advantages if the method is used in connection with the production of a material plate according to the continuous process, since due to the transport speed of the material flow intended or desired in order to achieve high productivity, high efficiency of the individual production stages and their interaction is particularly desirable.

[0067] It is particularly advantageous if, in connection with the gluing, in particular with the first gluing and / or the initial gluing, a binder is used whose content is obtained at least largely, preferably at least 51%, more preferably at least 65%, even more preferably at least 80%, very preferably at least 95%, from natural, in particular renewable, sources.

[0068] Such a binder is then preferably used as the first binder. It may be particularly preferred that the component of the binder obtained from natural sources consists of at least 51%, more preferably at least 65%, even more preferably at least 80%, and most preferably at least 95%, of at least water and at least one, preferably a combination of at least two, of the following substances: lignin, protein, tamin, starch, and glucose.

[0069] In this way, particularly environmentally friendly material panels can be produced. A particular advantage is that the emissions from the material panels at their final location of use, for example, as a facade component, as a component in interior design, or as part of a piece of furniture, can be significantly reduced and are significantly more compatible with the human organism from the outset, thus making some of the expensive post-processing steps previously required unnecessary.

[0070] Another particular advantage is that the material panels designed in this way are very easy to recycle and can, for example, be made compostable or simply thermally recycled with virtually no pollutants.

[0071] Alternatively or additionally, in the aforementioned context, it may also be particularly preferred for the first binder to contain a proportion of between 0.03% and 7%, preferably between 0.3% and 7%, more preferably between 0.5% and 7%, most preferably between 0.8% and 4.5% of nitrogen compounds.

[0072] Nitrogen serves as a basic resource for naturally renewable raw materials, especially wood-producing and grass-like plants, which in the context of this document are also referred to as annual or perennial plants. For this reason, it can act as a kind of catalyst in the binding capacity of the particles of the base material to be bound together by binding agent(s).

[0073] Nitrogen also has a fire-retardant effect, thus increasing safety when using the material panels, for example, in residential construction, particularly in facade design and / or interior finishing. Finally, nitrogen already contained in the binder can eliminate the need for a subsequent, less effective, yet more complex and expensive impregnation step. Significant advantages can arise when a binder comprising at least one polyamide and / or at least one polymer structure is used in conjunction with the gluing process, particularly during the second and / or third gluing process.

[0074] It may be preferred that the binder, which is preferably used as a second binder and in particular acts as a crosslinker, is a member of the PMDI group, i.e. a polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate, such as resins, in particular PUR resins or isocyanate-containing substances, and / or a member of the PA group, i.e. a polyamine or a polyamide, and there in particular a member of the PAE subgroup, i.e. the polyamine-epichlorohydrins.

[0075] These binders are established and widely available, and therefore well-suited for use in the present process. Within the narrow window of the specifications characterizing the present process, this group of binders, whose binding capacity is generally assumed to decrease rapidly with increasing moisture content, demonstrates a surprisingly increased binding capacity.

[0076] With regard to the particularly preferred embodiment described in this context, it has been surprisingly demonstrated in experiments that, under given quality conditions, such as achieving certain flexural and / or transverse tensile strengths, the total requirement for binders can be reduced. Somewhat contradictorily, in other words, a particularly environmentally friendly material board can be produced by essentially using a particularly environmentally friendly binder, but reducing its proportion and adding a binder known to be less environmentally friendly (possibly in a downstream production process, i.e., when the material flow has already reached a higher level of maturity on its way to becoming a material board).

[0077] Furthermore, it is advantageous if each material flow section is further characterized by at least the following parameters: temperature and / or pressure.

[0078] It is already known that the temperature and / or the pressure prevailing in a process section can, in some cases, have a significant influence on the behavior, in particular the setting behavior, of the binders used.

[0079] It is therefore particularly advantageous if suitable sensors are available for recording these parameters as well, which are set up to transmit recorded data to a control and / or regulating device of a material plate production plant used to carry out the method, i.e. a device for producing material plates.

[0080] Precise knowledge of the measured values ​​of the parameters mentioned helps to ensure the most ideal dosage of the binders and thus also contributes to the production of a material board that is as environmentally friendly as possible.

[0081] In a device of the type mentioned at the outset, i.e. a device for producing a material board having at least one layer, wherein at least one of the at least one layer comprises a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant, wherein the device has a transport path by means of which a material flow comprising the base material can be transported along at least the following process steps a) material preparation b) gluing c) scattering d) pressing e) finishing and the production sections provided for this purpose, in particular treatment stations, wherein the device is designed in such a way that on the at least one first material flow section and one following the first material flow section,second material flow section composed of material flow and characterized at least by the following parameters i) density ii) moisture can be influenced in such a way within the process steps and the production sections provided therefor, in particular treatment stations, with regard to at least one of the parameters, at least one partial aspect of at least one of the objects underlying the present invention is achieved in that the humidity of the material flow section passing through the process step and the production section(s) provided therefor, in particular treatment station(s), can be increased within the treatment station(s) assigned to the gluing by at least 4% ATRO, preferably by at least 6.5% ATRO, particularly preferably by at least 8% ATRO, very particularly preferably by at least 11.5% ATRO.

[0082] In other words, the moisture, i.e. the moisture content of the material flow consisting of successive material flow sections - or more simply put, the web material - is increased during gluing by at least 4% ATRO, preferably by at least 6.5% ATRO, particularly preferably by at least 8% ATRO, very particularly preferably by at least 11.5% ATRO. When quantifying the increase in moisture, the absolute moisture content at the entrance and exit of the gluing process step is therefore considered in particular.

[0083] The resulting advantages can be derived by the person skilled in the art at least in essence from the disclosures set out in connection with the description of the method, so that for economic reasons repetition will be omitted here.

[0084] Furthermore, the person skilled in the art will be instructed by the description of the figures set out further down in the document in conjunction with the figures about possible designs and advantages of the device.

[0085] Particularly great advantages arise if the device for carrying out the method is designed according to one of claims 1 to 16.

[0086] Further advantages can arise if the device has a transport device for transporting the material flow along the transport path and while developing a transport speed, and the production section(s) provided for carrying out the process step, in particular treatment station(s), preferably the treatment station provided for carrying out the first gluing, has a gluing device which is designed for gluing the material flow in a manner adapted to the transport speed of the material flow and increasing its moisture content by at least 4% ATRO, preferably by at least 6.5% ATRO, particularly preferably by at least 8% ATRO, very particularly preferably by at least 11.5% ATRO.In this way, it is possible to make the increase in humidity (directly) controllable via the gluing device and, preferably in conjunction with the control and / or regulating device, even controllable.

[0087] Alternatively or additionally, it may also be particularly preferred if the gluing device is operatively connected to a control and / or regulating device for gluing the material flow, which is adapted to the transport speed of the material flow.

[0088] In this way, the production of the material board can be influenced particularly effectively according to ecological standards. In particular, if at least one of the at least one binder is added at least overlappingly, preferably simultaneously, the inherent bonding forces of the base material can be stimulated particularly effectively.

[0089] In a material plate having at least one layer, wherein at least one of the at least one layer comprises a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant, at least one partial aspect of at least one of the objects underlying the present invention is achieved in that the material plate is produced according to a method according to one of claims 1 to 16 and preferably using a device according to one of claims 17 to 20.

[0090] This makes it possible to provide a material board that, viewed as a whole, is manufactured in a particularly environmentally friendly manner by today's standards. Furthermore, this creates a material board that is particularly ecologically sound in itself and, advantageously, places minimal strain on the human body and the environment, both during its production and in its use and subsequent disposal, by today's standards. Such a material board can even contain a particularly high proportion of materials obtained from renewable resources.

[0091] Alternatively or additionally, in a material plate which has at least one layer, wherein at least one of the at least one layer has a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant, at least one partial aspect of at least one of the objects on which the present invention is based is achieved in that at least one layer has a first binder and a second binder, wherein preferably both the first binder and the second binder are present in the finished material plate in a (mass) proportion (percent by weight) of at least 0.4%, preferably at least 0.8%, more preferably at least 1.2%, very preferably at least 1.6%.

[0092] Such a material board is particularly environmentally friendly because the total use of binding agents is kept very low for given quality requirements, especially for the required flexural and transverse tensile strengths.

[0093] This is particularly the case when the first binder is assigned to a first type of binder and the second binder is assigned to a second type different from the first type.

[0094] It is particularly advantageous if, for the design of one of the aforementioned material panels, it is provided that the first binder is at least largely obtained from at least one source which can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better of 100 years, preferably of 50 years, particularly preferably of 30 years, most preferably of 25 years.

[0095] The most important advantage is, of course, the environmental protection and sustainability of the material board. This not only involves the conservation of so-called "non-renewable" resources, such as petroleum, but also the reduction of CO 2- The foodprint during the life cycle of a material plate can be significantly reduced. This is because sources that can regenerate at least once within a certain period of time also usually require less time for their own degradation. This solves an additional problem, namely the CO 2 - Keeping the food print of a material plate as small as possible. Of course, the approach taken here is only one of an almost unmanageable number of theoretically conceivable approaches, but surprisingly, our experiments have led to success.

[0096] In the context of this document, the term "renewable" should be understood to mean that within the specified "period," a subsequent generation, e.g., of the plant variety or animal species, has already become technically usable as a resource. A "non-renewable" resource is understood to mean resources that cannot be regenerated in the usual way and in industrially viable quantities within a foreseeable timeframe, such as petroleum or other mineral resources.

[0097] Binders which are at least largely obtained from at least one source which can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better of 100 years, preferably of 50 years, particularly preferably of 30 years, very preferably of 25 years, are, advantageously, in particular free from hydrocarbons or free from hydrocarbon compounds.

[0098] Alternatively or additionally, great advantages arise if (also) the second binder and / or a third binder is at least largely obtained from at least one source which can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better of 100 years, preferably of 50 years, particularly preferably of 30 years, most preferably of 25 years.

[0099] Surprising synergies could indeed be achieved in experiments, particularly when - as described below - the second binder and / or third binder is free from regenerability, at least within a period of 250 years, preferably 500 years, particularly preferably 1,000 years, most preferably 2.500 years and / or on hydrocarbon compounds, however, it has been shown in at least an equally surprising way that positive effects, for example on the flexural strength of a material board containing plant fibers, can also be achieved if part of the first binder is replaced by part of a second binder, even if both binders are at least largely obtained from at least one source which can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better 100 years, preferably 50 years, particularly preferably 30 years, very preferably 25 years, and even if both binders are free of hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds.

[0100] It is therefore possible in certain constellations to reduce the necessary proportion of binders if a first and a second binder, both of which are at least largely obtained from at least one source which can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better of 100 years, preferably of 50 years, particularly preferably of 30 years, most preferably of 25 years, and even if both binders are free of hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds, are used and formed within one and the same layer of a material plate.

[0101] A preferred combination arises when the first binder is protein-based and the second binder is based on carbohydrate-derived compounds, particularly starch and / or cellulose. Although no synergistic effects are to be expected when considering the two bases loosely, more resilient bonds are formed within a natural fiber-based layer of a material board. It also seems noteworthy that particularly high flexural strength values ​​can be achieved when one of the two binders predominates proportionally, apparently regardless of which of the two binders is present in the higher proportion.

[0102] Another preferred configuration can alternatively arise if the first binder is based on carbohydrate-derived compounds, particularly starch and / or cellulose, and the second binder originates from the family of natural phenols. Phenols and starch compounds react well with each other and can form true bonds. Among the natural phenols, lignin and tamin play a particularly important role in the context of this document. However, special tree nut liquids also fall marginally into this category, particularly cashew shell liquid (CLS). Lignin and tamin are willing to bond with starch, glucose, and cellulose and can develop technically and economically viable synergies with regard to the achievable bonding capacity, particularly with natural-based fibers.

[0103] What is surprising is that greater synergies can be achieved when one of the two binders predominates proportionally, apparently regardless of which of the two binders is present in the higher proportion, so that it is preferred that the two binders be used in a ratio other than 1 to 1, or that they are formed within the relevant layer of the material plate. In particular, a ratio of 1 to 1.15 to 1 to 6.25 is proposed, with a ratio of 1 to 1.25 to 1 to 4.75 being preferred and a ratio of 1 to 1.5 to 1 to 4.25 being very preferred.

[0104] Although the person skilled in the art generally wishes to avoid fatty films or layers when using binders, it is advantageous to provide fats or fatty acids together with the aforementioned binders within one layer of a material plate. Fats or fatty acids can be provided both as a second binder and as a third binder. In connection with some of the aforementioned embodiments of the material plate, (further) advantages thus arise if at least one, preferably two, of the at least two binders are based on natural phenols, in particular lignin and / or tamin and / or cashew shell liquid and / or based on natural fats or fatty acids, in particular linseed oil and / or natural carbohydrates, in particular starch and / or cellulose and / or glucose and / or based on proteins.

[0105] In some cases, it may be preferable for the proteins to be at least partially, preferably at least primarily, of plant origin.

[0106] On the one hand, this offers the advantage that proteins of plant origin are available in sufficient quantities almost everywhere in the world and can be utilized economically and cost-effectively. Furthermore, proteins of plant origin are generally well-combined with other plant-based raw materials, especially with natural fibers such as fibers, chips, long chips, and wafers from annual or perennial plants. However, the binding capacity of the various plant varieties varies greatly. Therefore, the plant operator may be forced to repeatedly adjust the binding agents containing plant proteins and the plant-based fibers, even seasonally. This can sometimes severely disrupt production flow and the continuity of the quality delivered to the customer.

[0107] In other cases, however, it may be preferred that the proteins are at least partly, preferably at least primarily, of animal origin.

[0108] Although the degree of similarity between the binding agent and the agents to be bound (naturally based fibers from annual or perennial plants) is lower and thus the common basis is smaller, the present embodiment is only recommended in certain cases, namely when a good combination has been found between the binding agents containing proteins of animal origin and the agents to be bound containing plant fibers.

[0109] The applicant has found in tests that surprisingly good results can be achieved if the material board has at least one layer whose binding agent comprises proteins obtained from porcine animals and fibres obtained from coniferous wood, in particular fir or spruce, and / or at least one layer whose binding agent comprises proteins obtained from horn-bearing animals, in particular bovine animals, and fibres obtained from grass-like plants, such as straw or a type of bamboo plant (bamboo).

[0110] It may also be advantageous if the material plate is developed in such a way that the second binder and / or third binder is free from regenerability, at least within a period of 250 years, preferably 500 years, particularly preferably 1,000 years, most preferably 2,500 years.

[0111] Such binders have completely different binding mechanisms, which is why they have so far been used almost exclusively as binders for industrial material board production, despite their massive negative impact on the environment and their exhaustive availability in the medium term.

[0112] It therefore seems obvious that, due to the extent of the difference between binders that are at least largely derived from at least one source that can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, preferably 100 years, preferably 50 years, particularly preferably 30 years, and most preferably 25 years, and binders that are free from regeneration, no synergistic effects would be expected at least within a period of 250 years, preferably 500 years, particularly preferably 1,000 years, and most preferably 2,500 years. However, quite surprisingly, experiments have shown that this is at least not always the case.

[0113] Surprisingly, synergy effects are indeed achievable, some of which can even reach significant levels. However, sometimes significant deteriorations in the achievable strength values ​​also occur when the two binder types are present in an unfavorable ratio within the material board (or a layer of a material board under consideration). Since such deteriorations occur both with very high proportions of regenerable binders to binders that are free of regenerability, as well as with the provision of small to very small proportions, it is only too understandable that the skilled person had to assume negative consequences for the intermediate combination possibilities and in any case had to rule out synergy effects. Fortunately, however, the inventors recognized the potential of a chance observation in an experiment.

[0114] In the aforementioned case, very particular advantages also arise if the second binder and / or third binder is based on formaldehyde-derived compounds, in particular UF and / or MUF and / or MUPF and / or PF and / or PRF and / or based on isocyanates or polyurethanes, in particular MDI and / or PMDI and / or PU and / or based on polyimines and / or polyethylenes and / or polyethyleneimines and / or based on polyamides and / or based on polyvinyl acetates.

[0115] UF stands for urea-containing or urea-derivative-containing resin glues

[0116] MUF stands for melamine urea-containing or urea-derivative-containing resin glues

[0117] PF stands for phenol-formaldehyde resin glues

[0118] MUPF stands for melamine-phenol-formaldehyde resin glues

[0119] PRF stands for Resorcinol Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin Glue

[0120] MDI stands for diphenylmethane diisocyanate / (-containing) glues PMDI stands for polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate / (-containing) glues

[0121] PU stands for polyurethane

[0122] Surprisingly, great advantages can be expected in any case if the proportion of the first binder contained in the material plate is at least 50%, preferably at least 100%, more preferably at least 250%, particularly preferably at least 350%, very preferably at least 500% greater than that of the second binder and / or the third binder and / or the sum of the proportions of the second and third binder.

[0123] These values ​​have surprisingly been confirmed in experiments.

[0124] It can now be assumed that the different binding agents make different contributions in different phases of bond formation and - possibly coincidentally - support each other in these areas of a constellation.

[0125] Furthermore, great advantages can be achieved if at least one further layer of the material plate has a first binder and a second binder.

[0126] In principle, this naturally results in positive scaling effects. However, tests have surprisingly shown that it appears advantageous (at least in some cases) if a first ratio of the first binder to the second binder within a first layer differs from a second ratio of the first binder to the second binder within the subsequent layer. The applicant does not currently have any further theoretical insights into these observations. It is possible that the different configurations result in different characteristics that disrupt the distribution of external loads within the material plate and thus contribute to its stability.

[0127] In some cases it is advantageous if the at least one layer comprising at least two binders is formed as a core layer.

[0128] In this way, a particularly environmentally friendly material board can be provided, since the core layer usually forms a high volume proportion of the material board and thus a large amount of the binder used is stored in the core layer.

[0129] Although far less common, in other cases it may again be advantageous if the layer containing at least one or at least two binders is designed as a cover layer.

[0130] Surprisingly, for example, the described synergy effects between a first binder which is at least largely obtained from at least one source which is regenerable at least once within a period of 250 years, better within 100 years, preferably within 50 years, particularly preferably within 30 years, very preferably within 25 years, and a second binder which is free from regenerability, at least within a period of 250 years, preferably within 500 years, particularly preferably within 1,000 years, very preferably within 2,500 years within the aforementioned constellations, are so great that use in the stability of the cover layers which essentially determines at least the flexural strength of a material plate makes such use sensible.In any case, great advantages arise if the at least one layer comprising at least two binders, or at least the at least two layers comprising binders, together form at least 35%, in particular at least 52%, most particularly at least 61% of a total volume of the material plate.

[0131] It may be preferred that the binder, which is preferably used as a second binder and in particular acts as a crosslinker, is a member of the PMDI group, i.e. a polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate, such as resins, in particular PUR resins or isocyanate-containing substances, and / or a member of the PA group, i.e. a polyamine or a polyamide, and there in particular a member of the PAE subgroup, i.e. the polyamine-epichlorohydrins, while the first binder is obtained at least largely, preferably at least 51%, more preferably at least 65%, even more preferably at least 80%, very preferably at least 95%, from natural, in particular renewable, sources.

[0132] As contradictory as it may seem at first, this provides a particularly environmentally friendly material panel.

[0133] Particular advantages can therefore arise if the first binder is at least largely obtained from natural, in particular renewable, sources and the second binder comprises at least one polyamide and / or at least one polymer structure, and the proportion of the first binder contained in the material plate is at least 50%, preferably at least 100%, more preferably at least 250%, particularly preferably at least 350%, and very preferably at least 500% greater than that of the second binder. The respective proportion refers to the weight percentage of the respective binder contained in the material plate. At least 50% greater means that the (residual) weight of the first binder contained in the material plate is at least one and a half times the (residual) weight of the second binder.It should be noted that the binder defined here as the "first binder" and obtained from renewable resources is subject to a (significantly) higher weight loss during the manufacturing process than the binder defined here as the "second binder", which belongs to the group of binders produced on the basis of non-renewable resources.

[0134] Such a material plate is particularly environmentally friendly in its production, application and recycling behavior.

[0135] In connection with the use of a material panel for residential construction, in some cases with use as a predominantly insulating building element, in some cases with use as a predominantly force-absorbing element and preferably in the field of facade insulation and (residential) interior construction, at least one (partial) aspect of at least one of the objects underlying the present invention is achieved by using a material panel according to one of claims 21 to 23.

[0136] The resulting advantages will be at least somewhat accessible to the person skilled in the art from the descriptions of advantages already given.

[0137] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing which represents only one exemplary embodiment. In the drawings:

[0138] Figure 1: A device and a method for producing a

[0139] Material plate in a first design

[0140] Figure 2: A device and a method for producing a

[0141] Material plate in a second design

[0142] Figure 3: A single-layer material plate

[0143] Figure 4: A three-layer material plate

[0144] Figure 5: A five-layer material plate

[0145] Figure 6: A single-layer material plate

[0146] Figure 7: A three-layer material plate

[0147] Figure 8: A five-layer material plate. Figures 1 to 8 show parts of a common drawing. Individually illustrated and described disclosures are, unless expressly stated otherwise, transferable at least mutatis mutandis to disclosures in other figures. The figures use the same reference symbols for the same references; however, not all reference symbols need to be shown in all figures.

[0148] Figures 1 and 2 show exemplary embodiments of a method for producing a material plate 1, which is carried out using a device 100 for producing a material plate 1, wherein the produced material plate 1, which can be designed, for example, according to a single-layer embodiment according to Figure 3, a three-layer embodiment according to Figure 4 or a five-layer embodiment according to Figure 5 and is designed and used accordingly, for example, in residential construction, in some cases with use as a predominantly insulating building element, in some cases with use as a predominantly force-absorbing element and thereby preferably in the field of facade insulation and (residential) interior construction.

[0149] In detail, Figure 1 shows a method for producing a material board 1 having at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, wherein at least one of the at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 comprises a base material 7 obtained from an annual or perennial plant, wherein the method comprises a material flow M comprising the base material 7 along at least the following process steps: a) material preparation (A) b) gluing (B) c) scattering (C) d) pressing (D) e) finishing (E) and the material flow M is composed of at least a first material flow section M-01 and a second material flow section M-02 following the first material flow section M-01, and wherein each material flow section M-01, M-02,...is characterized at least by the following parameters i) density I ii) moisture II, wherein at least one of the parameters I, II can be influenced within the process steps A, B, C, D, E, wherein the moisture II of the material flow section M-01, M-02, to M-nn passing through the process step B is increased during the gluing B by at least 4% ATRO, preferably by at least 6.5% ATRO, particularly preferably by at least 8% ATRO, most particularly preferably by at least 11.5% ATRO.For this purpose, the method is carried out with the aid of a device 100 extending in space along a longitudinal direction X, a transverse direction Y and a height direction Z for producing a material plate 1 comprising at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, wherein at least one of the at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 comprises a base material 7 obtained from an annual or perennial plant, wherein the device 100 has a transport path 110, by means of which a material flow M comprising the base material 7 can be transported along at least the following process steps a) material preparation A b) gluing B c) scattering C d) pressing D e) finishing E and the production sections provided for this purpose, in particular treatment stations, 100A, 100B, 100C, 100D, 100E, wherein the device 100 is designed such that on the material flow section consisting of at least a first material flow section M-01 and a second one following the first material flow section M-01.

[0150] Material flow section M-02 composed and characterized by at least the following parameters i) density I ii) moisture II, material flow M can be influenced within the process steps A, B, C, D, E and the production sections provided therefor, in particular treatment stations 100-A, 100-B, 100-C, 100-D, 100-E with regard to at least one of the parameters I, II, such that the moisture II of the material flow section M-01, M-02,.... passing through the process step B and the production section(s) provided therefor, in particular treatment station(s) 100B, 100B-0, 100B-1, 100B-2, 100B-3.within the treatment station(s) 100B, 100B-0, 100B-1, 100B-2, 100B-3 assigned to the gluing B, can be increased by at least 4% ATRO, preferably by at least 6.5% ATRO, particularly preferably by at least 8% ATRO, very particularly preferably by at least 11.5% ATRO, wherein intermediate values ​​within the said ranges can be selected via a control and / or regulating device 140.

[0151] The material flow M and the successive material flow sections M-01 to M-nn contained therein, each of which is characterized by at least the parameters density I and moisture II, are represented by an arrow having several intermediate points leading from the left side of the image to the right side of the image within the device 100. To record the parameters density I and moisture II, and in some cases, as shown in Figure 2, also the parameters temperature III and pressure IV, sensors of a type not shown in detail can be provided, which can be contained, for example, in the treatment stations 100A to 100E shown, and in the case of Figure 2 additionally 100F and 100G, or can be operatively connected to them.For this purpose, the control and / or regulating device 140 can exchange data via LAN or, as indicated, also via WLAN with at least one of the aforementioned treatment stations, preferably with each of the aforementioned treatment stations, so that data can also be transmitted from the sensors not shown in detail here to the control and / or regulating device 140. The sensors are preferably provided in the entrance and exit areas of the respective production sections or of the illustrated treatment stations 100A to 100E, in the case of Figure 2 additionally 100F and 100G, in order to determine input and output values ​​of the characterizing parameters I, II and, in some cases, III and IV, and to transmit them to the control and / or regulating device 140.

[0152] The process steps A, B, C, D, E are carried out at the material flow section M-01, M-02 to be treated, while the affected material flow section M-01, M-02 passes through a production section, in particular treatment station, 100A, 100B, 100C, 100D, 100E of the device (material plate production plant) 100, which is assigned to the affected process step.

[0153] The base material 7 entering process step A is formed there into particles 8, which can take on a fiber or chip form. It is also conceivable for a portion of the base material 7 to be converted into fiber form, for example to produce a specific layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and another portion of the base material to be converted into chip form to produce a different layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Both particle forms can then be contained, at least in sections, in parallel in the material flow M, even if they use separate parts of the transport device 120 within the device 100, i.e., the transport path 110 can be configured with multiple elements at least in sections. A transport path (section) can be configured, for example, as a pipeline, bunker, blowline, conveyor belt, roller track, or in other forms.

[0154] In the second production section, which at least indirectly adjoins the first production section A and the first treatment station 100A designed for this purpose, at least part of the gluing B is carried out within a treatment station 100B designed for this purpose. In Figure 1, the gluing B is limited to a first gluing B1, which is carried out in a first production section 100B-1 assigned to the gluing. According to the embodiment shown in Figure 2, however, the gluing B is divided into various sub-processes. There, an initial gluing B-0 is carried out in production step A and within the treatment station A designed for this purpose, which, like the other treatment stations shown in Figures 1 and 2, can of course also be composed of several individual devices if necessary, for which purpose a first binding agent 9 is used.Alternatively, this initial gluing B-0, the total proportion of which in the gluing, i.e. the binder mass added in the entire manufacturing process, is quite small, could also be carried out using a second binder 10, although in this case the advantages are usually less pronounced.

[0155] The binder 9 referred to as the "first binder" is characterized by a content that is at least largely, preferably at least 51%, more preferably at least 65%, even more preferably at least 80%, very preferably at least 95%, obtained from natural, in particular renewable, sources. The said constituents of the first binder 9 can be composed in particular of water and at least one, preferably a combination of at least two of the following substances: lignin, protein, tamin, starch, glucose.

[0156] The binder 10 referred to as the "second binder," on the other hand, comprises at least one polyamide and / or at least one polymeric structure. This second binder 10 can preferably be a member of the PMDI group, i.e., a polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate, such as resins, in particular PUR resins or isocyanate-containing substances, and / or a member of the PA group, i.e., a polyamine or a polyamide, and therein, in particular, a member of the PAE subgroup, i.e., polyamine-epichlorohydrins. In terms of process technology, the second binder 10 is preferably used here as a "crosslinker."

[0157] After the initial gluing, the actual gluing takes place, which is referred to here as "first gluing" (B1) and represents the essential part of the gluing process. The first gluing (B1) takes place within treatment station 100B.

[0158] Alternatively, however, it could also be carried out in a manner not shown and at least partially at the end of the cooking process F or at the beginning of the drying process G, i.e., within the treatment stations 100F or 100G. Furthermore, in the embodiment according to Figure 2, a "second gluing" B-2 using the described second binding agent 10 is provided, which is carried out within process step C and within the treatment station 100C.

[0159] The moisture content II of the material flow M or of the material flow section under consideration M-01 to M-nn is increased by a higher percentage in connection with the first gluing B-1 than in connection with the second gluing B-2. Depending on the recipe specified by the control and / or regulation unit 140, the moisture content II in connection with the first gluing B1 is increased by a percentage that is preferably between 3 and 25 times, particularly preferably between 5 and 25 times, very preferably between 7 and 25 times, and most preferably between 11.5 and 25 times higher than in connection with the second gluing B-2.

[0160] In addition, the moisture II of the material flow M or of the material flow section under consideration M-01 to M-nn, likewise depending on the recipe that can be selected via the control and / or regulating device 140, is increased in connection with the initial gluing B-0 by a percentage that is preferably between 3 times and 25 times, particularly preferably between 5 times and 25 times, very preferably between 7 times and 25 times, most preferably between 11.5 times and 25 times smaller, than in connection with the first gluing Bl.

[0161] Depending on the recipe, it may also be provided that the moisture II (immediately) before the first gluing Bl is between 2% ATRO and 19% ATRO, in particular between 4% ATRO and 16% ATRO, most particularly between 5.5% ATRO and 12.5% ​​ATRO.

[0162] This results in the moisture II contained in the material flow section under consideration, M-01 to M-nn, being increased during the gluing process and relative to its moisture content (immediately) prior to the first gluing process by at least 20% up to at least 575%. Figures 3 to 5 show a material board 1 produced according to a method according to one of claims 1 to 16 and preferably using a device 100 according to one of claims 17 to 20.

[0163] The first embodiment of the material plate 1 shown in Figure 3 shows a single-layer design with only one layer 2.

[0164] Layer 2 contains particles 8 formed from a base material and in fiber form FF, which are at least partially and at least regionally bonded to a first binder 9. The material plate 1 according to Figure 3, like the multi-layered embodiments of the material plate 1 shown in Figures 4 and 5, extends in space along a longitudinal direction X, a transverse direction Y, and a vertical direction Z, which can correspond to the spatial coordinates X, Y, and Z mentioned in connection with the description of the device 100.

[0165] The second exemplary embodiment of the material plate 1 shown in Figure 4 shows a three-layer structure with layers 2, 3, and 4 arranged one above the other in the Z direction, with layer 2 serving as the middle layer and the two layers 3 and 4 serving as the outer layers. Layer 2 comprises particles 8 formed from a base material, for example a wood- or grass-like material, which are formed in chip form SF and are oriented substantially in the transverse direction Y. The particles 8 are bonded to one another within layer 2 under the influence of the first binder 9.

[0166] The particles 8 of the two outer layers 3 and 4, which are also formed from a base material, for example a wood- or grass-like material, are also in chip form SF, but here in the so-called long chip form. The long chips are bonded to one another in layers 3 and 4 by the binders located there in the form of the first binder 9 and the second binder 10. Furthermore, they are essentially aligned in the longitudinal direction X. The material board shown can be described as a particle board with OSB cover layers and is characterized by particularly high stability. The binder combination and its distribution, as well as the bonding behavior within the material board 1 and its individual layers generated by the manufacturing process, also contribute significantly to this.The third exemplary embodiment of the material plate 1 shown in Figure 5 shows a five-layer structure with layers 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 arranged one above the other in the Z direction and differs from the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 4 essentially in that layers 3 and 4 now also represent inner layers and are flanked by layers 5 and 6. Both layers 5 and 6 are formed as thin layers. The particles 8 located there are in fiber form and are also made from wood- or grass-like base material. While the particles of the middle layer 2, as also shown in Figure 4, are only connected to the first binder 9, the cover layers 5 and 6 of the exemplary embodiment according to Figure 5 also contain portions of both the first binder 9 and the second binder 10.

[0167] The embodiment of the material plate 1 shown in Figure 6 again shows a single-layer design with only one layer 2. The layer 2 contains particles 8 formed from a base material and this time in chip form SF, which are at least partially and at least regionally connected to a first binder 9 and a second binder 10 or 10', wherein at least the first binder is at least largely obtained from at least one source which can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better 100 years, preferably 50 years, particularly preferably 30 years, very preferably 25 years.The material plate 1 according to Figure 6, like the multi-layered embodiments of the material plate 1 shown in the other figures, extends in space along a longitudinal direction X, a transverse direction Y and a height direction Z, which can correspond to the spatial coordinates X, Y and Z mentioned in connection with the description of the device 100. Within two essentially parallel dashed-dotted lines running along the Z direction, a total volume 12 of the material plate 1 is formed, which is also shown correspondingly in Figures 7 and 8.

[0168] Figure 7 again shows a material plate 1, which again has an exemplary three-layer structure with layers 2, 3, and 4 arranged one above the other in the Z direction, wherein layer 2 is formed as the middle layer and the two layers 3 and 4 are formed as outer layers. Layer 2 has particles 8 formed from a base material, for example a wood- or grass-like material, which are formed in chip form SF and are essentially oriented in the transverse direction Y. The particles 8 are bonded to one another within layer 2 under the influence of the first binder 9 and a second binder 10 or 10', wherein at least the first binder is at least largely obtained from at least one source that can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better 100 years, preferably 50 years, particularly preferably 30 years, most preferably 25 years.

[0169] The exemplary embodiment of the material plate 1 shown in Figure 8 again shows a five-layer structure with layers 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 arranged one above the other in the Z direction. It differs from the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 7 essentially in that layers 3 and 4 now also represent inner layers and are flanked by layers 5 and 6. Both layers 5 and 6 are formed as thin layers. The particles 8 located there are in fiber form and are also made from a wood- or grass-like base material.While the particles of the middle layer 2 are connected to the first binder 9 and a second binder 10 (or 10 ), the layers 3 and 4 have only a single binder in the form of a second binder 10 (or 10 '), while the outer cover layers 5 and 6 of the embodiment according to Figure 8 now have portions of the first binder 9, as well as the second binder 10 (or 10 ') and a third binder 11, wherein at least the first binder is at least largely obtained from at least one source which can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better of 100 years, preferably of 50 years, particularly preferably of 30 years, very preferably of 25 years. The embodiments of all figures, in particular the embodiments shown in figures 6 to 8, can have at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, in which (also) the second binder 10 (or10 ) and / or the third binder 11 is at least largely obtained from at least one source which can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better of 100 years, preferably of 50 years, particularly preferably of 30 years, most preferably of 25 years.

[0170] At least one of the layers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 bound by (at least) a first binder 9 and a second binder 10, in particular of the embodiments shown in Figures 6 to 8, has at least one binder 9 that is free of hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds and can also have layers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 whose binders 9, 10, 10', 11 are completely free of hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds, even if the binders 9, 10, 10', 11 are nevertheless designed differently from one another.

[0171] All of the illustrated embodiments can be designed such that in at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 of the material plate 1, the first binder 9 is protein-based and the second binder 10 (or 10') is based on carbohydrate-derived compounds, in particular starch and / or cellulose, wherein then in at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 one of the two binders predominates proportionally.

[0172] In this case, all of the illustrated embodiments, in particular those according to Figures 4, 5, 7, 8 and in particular those of Figures 7 and 8, can be designed such that in at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 of the material plate 1, the first binder 9 is based on carbohydrate-derived compounds, in particular starch and / or cellulose, and the second binder 10 comes from the family of natural phenols.

[0173] At least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 of at least one of the layers shown in the figures

[0174] Embodiments of the material plate 1 have, in at least one of the two aforementioned contexts, a state in which one of the two binders 9 or 10 predominates proportionally, i.e., the two binders 9, 10 are formed in a ratio deviating from 1 to 1, or are formed within the respective layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 of the material plate 1. In particular, in at least one of the layers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, a ratio of 1 to 1.15 to 1 to 6.25 is formed, wherein a ratio of 1 to 1.25 to 1 to 4.75 is preferred and a ratio of 1 to 1.5 to 1 to 4.25 is very preferred.

[0175] In at least one of the layers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, fats or fatty acids can also be provided with the aforementioned binder(s) 9, 10, 10' together within a layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 of a material plate 1, for example as a third binder 11 in layer 5 and / or 6 of Figure 8. In connection with at least some of the aforementioned embodiments of the material plate 1, (further) advantages thus arise if, within at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 of the material plate 1, at least one, preferably two, of the at least two binders 9, 10, 10', 11 are based on natural phenols, in particular lignin and / or tamin and / or cashew shell liquid and / or based on natural fats or fatty acids, in particular linseed oil and / or natural carbohydrates, in particular starch and / or cellulose and / or glucose and / or based on proteins is designed as is the case here in Figure 8.Figure 8 even shows in a special way a cover layer 5 which has a binder 9, 10, 10', 11 that comprises proteins which are at least partially, preferably at least primarily, of plant origin, while the other cover layer 6 has a binder 9, 10, 10', 11 that comprises proteins which are at least partially, preferably at least primarily, of animal origin.

[0176] The material panel 1 shown in Figure 8 has layer 5, the binding agent of which comprises proteins obtained from porcine animals and fibers obtained from conifers, in particular firs or spruces, and layer 6, the binding agent of which comprises proteins obtained from horn-bearing animals, in particular bovine animals, and fibers obtained from grass-like plants, such as straw or a type of bamboo plant (bamboo). The binding agent of layers 3 and 4 of the material panel 1 shown in Figure 8, formed as the second binding agent 10, is free from regeneration, at least within a period of 250 years, preferably 500 years, particularly preferably 1,000 years, and most preferably 2,500 years.The second binder 10 of the core layer 2 in this material panel 1 according to Figure 8 is also free from regenerability, at least within a period of 250 years, preferably 500 years, particularly preferably 1,000 years, most preferably 2,500 years. Both binders 10 of the aforementioned layers 2, 3 and 4 of the material panel 1 of Figure 8 are based on formaldehyde-derived compounds, in particular UF and / or MUF and / or MUPF and / or PF and / or PRF and / or based on isocyanates or polyurethanes, in particular MDI and / or PMDI and / or PU and / or based on polyimines and / or polyethylenes and / or polyethyleneimines and / or based on polyamides and / or based on polyvinyl acetates.

[0177] In the core layer 2, the proportion of the first binder 9 is at least 50%, preferably at least 100%, more preferably at least 250%, particularly preferably at least 350%, most preferably at least 500% greater than that of the second binder 10.

[0178] The at least one layer 2 comprising at least two binders 9, 10, 10', 11, or the at least two layers 2, 5, 6 comprising binders 9, 10, 10', 11, of the embodiments of the material plate 1 according to the figures shown, in particular Figures 6, 7 and 8, form, individually according to Figures 3 and 6 or jointly according to Figures 4, 5, 7 and 8, at least 35%, in particular at least 52%, very particularly at least 61% of a total volume of the material plate 1.

[0179] It is self-evident that other embodiments or combinations may be chosen which may be formed within the scope of the disclosure of the present specification and within its scope of protection.

[0180] List of reference symbols

[0181] 1 material plate

[0182] 1' Roll material / not yet (fully) assembled material board

[0183] 2nd layer

[0184] 3 layer

[0185] 4 layer

[0186] 5 layer

[0187] 6 layer

[0188] 7 Basic material

[0189] 8 particles

[0190] 9 Binder, first binder

[0191] 10 Binder, second binder

[0192] 10' Binder, second binder

[0193] 11 Binder, third binder

[0194] 12 total volume

[0195] 100 Device / System

[0196] 100A Production section, treatment station to A 100B Production section, treatment station to B

[0197] 100B-0 Production section, treatment station to B-0

[0198] 100B-1 Production section, treatment station to Bl

[0199] 100B-2 Production section, treatment station to ß-2

[0200] 100B-3 Production section, treatment station to B-3

[0201] 100C production section, treatment station to C

[0202] 100D production section, treatment station to D

[0203] 100E Production section, treatment station to E

[0204] 100F Production section, treatment station to F

[0205] 100G production section, treatment station to G

[0206] 110 Transport path

[0207] 120 transport device

[0208] 130 Gluing device

[0209] 140 Control and / or regulating device

[0210] A Material preparation

[0211] B Gluing

[0212] B-0 Initial gluing

[0213] B-1 first gluing

[0214] B-2 second gluing

[0215] B-3 third gluing

[0216] C Scattering D Pressure

[0217] E Assembly

[0218] F Cooking

[0219] G Drying

[0220] M Material flow

[0221] M-01 Material flow section, first material flow section

[0222] M-02 Material flow section, second material flow section

[0223] M-03 Material flow section, third material flow section

[0224] M-nn material flow section, n-th material flow section

[0225] P-FF particles in fiber form, fiber

[0226] P-SF particles in chip form, chip, long chip

[0227] V speed, transport speed

[0228] I Parameter, density

[0229] II Parameters, Humidity (Moisture, Moisture Content)

[0230] III Parameters, Temperature

[0231] IV Parameters, Pressure

[0232] X spatial direction, longitudinal direction

[0233] Y spatial direction, transverse direction

[0234] Z Altitude direction

Claims

Patent claims 1. A method for producing a material board (1) comprising at least one layer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6), wherein at least one of the at least one layer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) comprises a base material (7) obtained from an annual or perennial plant, wherein the method comprises a material flow (M) comprising the base material (7) along at least the following process steps: a) material preparation (A) b) gluing (B) c) scattering (C) d) pressing (D) e) finishing (E) and the material flow (M) is composed of at least a first material flow section (M-01) and a second material flow section (M-02) following the first material flow section (M-01), and wherein each material flow section (M-01, M-02,,..) is characterized at least by the following parameters i) density (I) ii) moisture (II), wherein at least one of the parameters (I, II) can be influenced within the process steps (A, B, C, D, E), characterized in that. the humidity (II) of the material flow section (M-01, M-02, ....) passing through the process step (B) is increased by at least 4%, preferably by at least 6.5%, particularly preferably by at least 8%, most particularly preferably by at least 11.5%.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the process steps (A, B, C, D, E) are carried out on the material flow section (M-01, M-02) to be treated, while the material flow section (M-01, M-02) in question passes through a production section, in particular a treatment station (100A, 100B, 100C, 100D, 100E) of a material plate production plant (100) assigned to the process step in question.

3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base material (7) comprises particles (8) which are in fiber form.

4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base material (7) comprises particles (8) which are in chip form.

5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gluing (B) is divided into at least a first gluing (B1), which is preferably carried out at a first production section (100B-1) assigned to the gluing, and a second gluing (B-2), which is preferably carried out at a second production section (100B-2) assigned to the gluing.

6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the moisture (II) is increased by a higher percentage in connection with the first gluing (B1) than in connection with the second gluing (B-2).

7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the moisture (II) is increased by a higher percentage in connection with the second gluing (B-2) than in connection with the first gluing (B1).

8. Method according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that an initial gluing (B-0) is carried out before the first gluing (Bl).

9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least part of the gluing (B), in particular the first gluing (Bl), is carried out before the base material (7), in particular the particles (8), are cooked in a cooking (F).

10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least part of the gluing (B), in particular the second gluing (B-2) is carried out after drying in a drying (G).

11. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least part of the gluing (8), in particular the second gluing (B-2) and / or a third gluing (B-3), is carried out within the scattering (C).

12. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the moisture content (II) before the first gluing (Bl) is between 2% ATRO and 19% ATRO, in particular between 4% ATRO and 16% ATRO, very particularly between 5.5% ATRO and 12.5% ​​ATRO.

13. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the moisture content (II) before initial gluing (B-0) is between 2% ATRO and 19% ATRO, in particular between 4% ATRO and 16% ATRO, most particularly between 5.5% ATRO and 12.5% ​​ATRO.

14. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in connection with the gluing (B), in particular with the first gluing (B-1) and / or the initial gluing (B-0), a binder (9) is used, the content of which is obtained at least largely, preferably to at least 51%, more preferably to at least 65%, even more preferably to at least 80%, very preferably to at least 95%, from natural, in particular renewable, sources.

15. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in connection with the gluing (B), in particular with the second gluing (B-2) and / or the third gluing (B-3), a binder (10) is used which comprises at least one polyamide and / or at least one polymeric structure.

16. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each material flow section (M-01, M-02,...) is further characterized by at least the following parameters iii) temperature (III) iv) pressure (IV) is characterized.

17. Device (100) for producing a material plate (1) comprising at least one layer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6), wherein at least one of the at least one layer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) comprises a base material (7) obtained from an annual or perennial plant, wherein the device (100) has a transport path (110) by means of which a material flow (M) comprising the base material (7) can be transported along at least the following process steps: a) material preparation (A) b) gluing (B) c) scattering (C) d) pressing (D) e) finishing (E) and the production sections provided for this purpose, in particular treatment stations, (100A, 100B, 100C, 100D, 100E), wherein the device (100) is designed in such a way that the material flow section (M-01) and one following the first material flow section (M-01),second material flow section (M-02) composed of material flow (M) characterized by at least the following parameters i) density (I) ii) moisture (II) can be influenced within the process steps (A, B, C, D, E) and the production sections provided therefor, in particular treatment stations (100-A, 100-B, 100-C, 100-D, 100-E) with regard to at least one of the parameters (I, II), that the humidity (II) of the material flow section (M-01, M-02,....) passing through the process step (B) and the production section(s) provided therefor, in particular treatment station(s) (100B, 100B-0, 100B-1, 100B-2, 100B-3), within the treatment station(s) (100B, 100B-0, 100B-1, 100B-2, 100B-3) assigned to the gluing (B) can be increased by at least 4%, preferably by at least 6.5%, particularly preferably by at least 8%, very particularly preferably by at least 11.5%.

18. Device (100) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the device (100) is designed to carry out the method according to one of claims 1 to 16.

19. Device (100) according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that the device (100) has a transport device (120) for transporting the material flow (M) along the transport path (110) and under formation of a transport speed (V), and that the production section(s) provided for carrying out the process step (B), in particular treatment station(s) (100B, 100B-0, 100B-1, 100B-2, 100B-3), preferably the treatment station (100B-1) provided for carrying out the first gluing (B1), has a gluing device (130) which is adapted to the transport speed (V) of the material flow (M) and increases its moisture content by at least 4%, preferably by at least 6.5%, particularly preferably by at least 8%, most preferably by at least 11.5%.

20. Device according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the gluing device (130) is operatively connected to a control and / or regulating device (140) for gluing the material flow (M) in a manner adapted to the transport speed (V) of the material flow (M).

21. Material plate (1) which has at least one layer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6), wherein at least one of the at least one layer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) has a base material (7) obtained from an annual or perennial plant, characterized in that the material plate (1) is produced according to a method according to one of claims 1 to 16 and preferably using a device according to one of claims 17 to 20.

22. Material plate (1) which has at least one layer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6), wherein at least one of the at least one layer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) has a base material (7) obtained from an annual or perennial plant, characterized in that at least one layer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) has a first binder (9) and a second binder (10).

23. Material plate (1) according to one of claims 21 or 22, characterized in that the first binder (9) is obtained at least largely from at least one source which can be regenerated at least once within a period of 100 years, preferably 50 years, particularly preferably 30 years, most preferably 25 years.

24. Material plate (1) according to one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that the second binder (10') and / or a third binder (11) is at least largely obtained from at least one source which can be regenerated at least once within a period of 100 years, preferably 50 years, particularly preferably 30 years, most preferably 25 years.

25. Material plate (1) according to one of claims 23 or 24, characterized in that at least one, preferably two, of the at least two binders (9, 10, 11) is based on natural phenols, in particular lignin and / or tamin and / or cashew shell liquid and / or based on natural fats or fatty acids, in particular linseed oil and / or natural carbohydrates, in particular starch and / or cellulose and / or glucose and / or based on proteins.

26. Material plate (1) according to one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that the second binder (10) and / or third binder (11) is free from regenerability, at least within a period of 250 years, preferably 500 years, particularly preferably 1,000 years, most preferably 2,500 years.

27. Material plate (1) according to claim 26, characterized in that the second binder (10) and / or third binder (11) is based on formaldehyde-derived compounds, in particular UF and / or MUF and / or MUPF and / or PF and / or PRF and / or based on isocyanates or polyurethanes, in particular MDI and / or PMDI and / or PU and / or based on polyimines and / or polyethylenes and / or polyethyleneimines and / or based on polyamides and / or based on polyvinyl acetates.

28. Material plate (1) according to one of claims 21 to 27, characterized in that the proportion of the first binder (9) contained in the material plate (1) is at least 50%, preferably at least 100%, more preferably at least 250%, particularly preferably at least 350%, very preferably at least 500% greater than that of the second binder (10) and / or the third binder (11) and / or the sum of the proportions of the second and third binder.

29. Material plate (1) according to one of claims 21 to 28, characterized in that at least one further layer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) comprises a first binder (9) and a second binder (10).

30. Material plate (1) according to claim 29, characterized in that a first ratio of a proportion of the first binder (9) to that of the second binder (10) within a first layer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) differs from a second ratio of a proportion of the first binder (9) to that of the second binder (10) within the further layer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6).

31. Material plate (1) according to one of claims 21 to 30, characterized in that the at least one layer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) comprising at least two binding agents (9, 10) is designed as a core layer (2).

32. Material plate (1) according to one of claims 21 to 31, characterized in that the at least one layer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) comprising at least two binding agents (9, 10) is designed as a cover layer (5, 6).

33. Material plate (1) according to one of claims 21 to 32, characterized in that the at least one layer (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) comprising at least two binders (9, 10), or at least the layers (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) comprising at least two binders (9, 10), together form at least 35%, in particular at least 52%, very particularly at least 61% of a total volume (12) of the material plate (1).

34. Material plate (1) according to one of claims 21 to 33, characterized in that the first binder (9) is obtained at least largely from natural, in particular regenerable, sources and the second binder (10) comprises at least one polyamide and / or at least one polymer structure, and in that the proportion of the first binder (9) contained in the material plate (1) is at least 50%, preferably at least 100%, more preferably at least 250%, particularly preferably at least 350%, very preferably at least 500% greater than that of the second binder (10).

35. Use of a material panel (1) for residential construction, occasionally with use as a predominantly insulating building element, occasionally with use as a predominantly force-absorbing element and preferably in the field of facade insulation and (residential) interior construction, characterized in that a material panel (1) according to one of claims 21 to 34 is used.

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