Fixing device for composite wall

Abstract

A fixing device (4, 4', 4", 4‴) includes a main rod (41), a housing (42), a blocking plate (44, 44"), and a positioning unit (43. 43', 43", 43‴). The main rod (41) has a rod portion (411), and a head portion (412) that is connected to an end of the rod portion (411). The housing (42) covers a part of the rod portion (411) and the head portion (412). The blocking plate (44, 44") is fixedly sleeved on a portion of the housing (24) that covers the rod portion (411). The positioning unit (43, 43', 43", 43‴) is movably and removably sleeved on a portion of the rod portion (411) that is exposed from the housing (42).

Description

[0001] The disclosure relates to a fixing device, and more particularly to a fixing device for a composite wall. The disclosure further relates to a construction method for a composite wall and a fixing device.

[0002] A conventional construction method using formworks includes steps of providing a support frame layer that is composed of reinforcing bars of a wall, disposing the formworks at two sides of the support frame layer, pouring a to-be-cured material into the support frame layer, and removing the formworks from the support frame layer to obtain the wall. Then, to obtain a composite wall, the conventional construction method further includes steps of measuring the wall to mark drilling positions, drilling the wall at the drilling positions to insert wall plugs, attaching screws to the wall plugs to install first metal frames that extend in a vertical direction, disposing thermal insulation material on the first metal frames, drilling the thermal insulation material to fix the thermal insulation material to the wall through fixing members, and installing second metal frames that extend in a horizontal direction to install ceramic plates or metal plates. That is to say, the conventional construction method of the composite wall requires multiple measuring and drilling steps, which are labor-intensive and time-consuming.

[0003] Therefore, an object of the disclosure is to provide a construction method of a composite wall and a fixing device that can alleviate at least one of the drawbacks of the prior art.

[0004] According to an aspect of the disclosure, there is provided a fixing device according to claim 1.

[0005] Other features and advantages of the disclosure will become apparent in the following detailed description of the embodiment(s) with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is noted that various features may not be drawn to scale. Figure 1 is a flow chart illustrating a construction method of a composite wall according to a first embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 2 is a sectional view illustrating an operation flow of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 3 is a perspective view of a fixing device according to the first embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 4 is a sectional view illustrating the operation flow of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 5 is a sectional view illustrating the operation flow of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 6 is a sectional view illustrating the operation flow of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 7 is a sectional view illustrating the operation flow of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 8 is a perspective view of a fixing device of a variation of the first embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 9 is a sectional view of the operation flow of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 10 is a sectional view of the operation flow of the construction method according to the first embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 11 is a sectional view illustrating an operation flow of a construction method according to a second embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 12 is a perspective view of a fixing device according to the second embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 13 is a sectional view illustrating the operation flow of the construction method according to the second embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 14 is a sectional view illustrating the operation flow of the construction method according to the second embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 15 is a sectional view illustrating the operation flow of the construction method according to the second embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 16 is a perspective view of a fixing device of a variation of the second embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 17 is a sectional view illustrating the operation flow of the construction method of the second embodiment of the disclosure.

[0006] Before the disclosure is described in greater detail, it should be noted that where considered appropriate, reference numerals or terminal portions of reference numerals have been repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements, which may optionally have similar characteristics.

[0007] Referring to Figure 1, according to a first embodiment of the disclosure, a construction method of a composite wall is illustrated. The construction method includes Steps S1 to S7.

[0008] In Step S1, referring to Figure 2, a support frame layer 1 is prepared. Specifically, the support frame layer 1 is composed of reinforcing bars.

[0009] In Step S2, referring to Figures 2 and 3, a plurality of fixing devices 4 of the first embodiment of the disclosure are used to extend through a thermal insulation layer 2 and an outer formwork 3 to attach the thermal insulation layer 2 to the outer formwork 3.

[0010] In this embodiment, each of the fixing devices 4 includes a main rod 41, a housing 42, a blocking plate 44, and a positioning unit 43. The main rod 41 is made of a metallic material, and has a rod portion 411, and a head portion 412 that is connect to an end of the rod portion 411. Specifically, in this embodiment, the rod portion 411 is a threaded rod, and the head portion 412 is substantially an elongated hexagonal bipyramid. The housing 42 is made of a thermal insulation plastic material, and covers a part of the rod portion 411 and the head portion 412. The blocking plate 44 is fixedly sleeved on a portion of the housing 42 that covers the rod portion 411. In this embodiment, the blocking plate 44 is disk-shaped. The positioning unit 43 is movably and removably sleeved on a portion of the rod portion 411 that is exposed from the housing 42. The positioning unit 43 includes a positioning member 431 movably and removably sleeved on the portion of the rod portion 411 that is exposed from the housing 42, and a positioning and blocking plate 432 movably and removably sleeved on the portion of the rod portion 411 that is exposed from the housing 42. In this embodiment, the positioning member 431 is a nut, and the positioning and blocking plate 432 is disk-shaped.

[0011] With respect to each of the fixing devices 4, when the fixing device 4 is used to extend through the thermal insulation layer 2 and the outer formwork 3, the positioning member 431 and the positioning and blocking plate 432 of the positioning unit 43 are first removed from the rod portion 411, the rod portion 411 sequentially extends through the thermal insulation layer 2 and the outer formwork 3 until the blocking plate 44 abuts against the thermal insulation layer 2. It should be noted that, at this time, a portion of the rod portion 411 and the head portion 412 that are covered by the housing 42 project out of the thermal insulation layer 2 and are located at a side of the thermal insulation 2 that is opposite to the outer formwork 3, and the portion of the rod portion 411 that is exposed from the housing 42 projects out of the outer formwork 3. Then, the positioning member 431 is sleeved on the rod portion 411 and is abutted against the outer formwork 3. The thermal insulation layer 2 is made of one of expanded polystyrene (EPS), polyisocyanurate (PIR), graphite polystyrene (GPS), and rigid thermal insulation material.

[0012] In Step S3, referring to Figure 2, an inner formwork 5 and the outer formwork 3 to which the thermal insulation layer 2 is attached are respectively disposed at two sides of the support frame layer 1. Specifically, the thermal insulation layer 2 faces the support frame layer 1, and the fixing devices 4 are extended into the support frame layer 1 such that the head portions 412 of the fixing devices 4 are located in the support frame layer 1.

[0013] In Step S4, referring to Figure 4, a to-be-cured material is poured into the support frame layer 1. Since the fixing devices 4 are extended into the support frame layer 1, the thermal insulation layer 2 is fixed to the support frame layer 1 through the fixing devices 4 after the to-be-cured material is cured. The to-be-cured material may be concrete.

[0014] In Step S5, referring to Figures 4 and 5, the inner formwork 5 and the outer formwork 3 are removed from the support frame layer 1. Specifically, the positioning members 431 of the fixing devices 4 are first removed to remove the outer formwork 3, then the positioning and blocking plates 432 are sleeved on the rod portions 411 and abut against the thermal insulation layer 2 to position and support the thermal insulation layer 2 with the positioning unit 43. It should be noted that since the positioning and blocking plate 432 are movably sleeved on the rod portion 411, the positioning and blocking plate 432 is capable of positioning and supporting the thermal insulation layer 2 that may vary in thickness.

[0015] In Steps S6 and S7, referring to Figure 6, a plurality of external brackets 6 (only one is shown in the drawings) are respectively disposed on portions of the rod portions 411 that are exposed from the housing 42 and that project out of the thermal insulation layer 2, and then a plurality of outer cover plates 7 (only one is shown in the drawings) are installed on the external brackets 6 to obtain the composite wall. Each of the outer cover plates 7 may be one of a ceramic plate, a building stone, a metal plate, and a brick slip system.

[0016] In this embodiment, referring to Figures 7 to 10, the construction method may further include, before the step of disposing the inner formwork 5 and the outer formwork 3 at two sides of the support frame layer 1, a step of using a plurality of fixing devices 4' of a variation of the first embodiment of the disclosure to extend through the inner formwork 5 and another thermal insulation layer 2 to attach the another thermal insulation layer 2 to the inner formwork 5. Therefore, the composite wall having better thermal insulation may be obtained.

[0017] Specifically, each of the fixing devices 4' of the variation of the first embodiment is different from the fixing device 4 of the aforementioned example of the first embodiment (as shown in Figure 3) in the positioning unit 43'. In the variation of the first embodiment, the positioning unit 43' of the fixing device 4' includes a positioning and blocking member 433. The positioning and blocking member 433 has a sleeve portion 433a movably and removably sleeved on the portion of the rod portion 411 that is exposed from the housing 42, and a positioning and blocking plate portion 433b that is located at an end of the sleeve portion 433a. An interior of the sleeve portion 433a is formed with a screw thread 433a1 such that the sleeve portion 433a may be threadly engaged with the rod portion 411 which is a thread rod. The positioning and blocking plate portion 433b is formed with a hexagonal locking hole 433c such that a user may use hand tool (for example, a hex key) to threadly engage the positioning unit 43' with the rod portion 411.

[0018] With respect to each of the fixing devices 4', when the fixing device 4' is used to extend through the inner formwork 5 and the another thermal insulation layer 2, the positioning and blocking member 433 is first removed from the rod portion 411, the rod portion 411 extends into the another thermal insulation layer 2, the positioning and blocking member 433 extends through the inner formwork 5 and extends into the another thermal insulation layer 2 to threadly engage with the rod portion 411 until the positioning and blocking plate portion 433b abuts against the inner formwork 5 to attach the another thermal insulation layer 2 to the inner formwork 5. It should be noted that, at this time, the portion of the rod portion 411 and the head portion 412 that are covered by the housing 42 project out of the another thermal insulation layer 2 and are located at a side of the another thermal insulation layer 2 that is opposite to the inner formwork 5.

[0019] In the step of disposing the inner formwork 5 and the outer formwork 3 at two sides of the support frame layer 1, the another thermal insulation layer 2 faces the support frame layer 1, and the fixing device 4' extends into the support frame layer 1.

[0020] In the step of removing the inner formwork 5 and the outer formwork 3 from the support frame layer 1, the positioning and blocking member 433 is first removed to remove the inner formwork 5 and then threadly engages with the rod portion 411 to support the another thermal insulation layer 2 with the blocking plate 44 again. The another thermal insulation layer 2 may be formed with a plurality of recesses to accommodate the positioning and blocking plate portions 433b of the fixing devices 4'.

[0021] The construction method of the first embodiment may further include, after the step of removing the inner formwork 5 and the outer formwork 3, a step of installing an inner cover plate 8 on the another thermal insulation layer 2. Specifically, a non-corrosive adhesive is applied on the inner cover plate 8, the inner cover plate 8 is installed on the another thermal insulation layer 2 through the adhesive, and a screw (not shown) is used to insert into the another thermal insulation layer 2 through the inner cover plate 8 to fix the inner cover plate 8 to the another thermal insulation layer 2. The inner cover plate 8 may be a calcium silicate board or a gypsum board, but not limited thereto.

[0022] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the positioning and blocking member 433 is integrally formed, but not limited thereto. For example, in some embodiments, the positioning and blocking plate portion 433b may be fixedly sleeved on the sleeve portion 433a.

[0023] It should be noted that, the fixing devices 4 as shown in Figure 3 may be also used to attach the another thermal insulation layer 2 to the inner formwork 5.

[0024] Referring to Figures 11 to 15, according to a second embodiment of the disclosure, a construction method of a composite wall using a fixing device 4" is illustrated. The second embodiment is similar to the first embodiment, and only the difference therebetween will be described below for the sake of brevity.

[0025] The positioning unit 43" of the fixing device 4" of the second embodiment includes a supporting and positioning member 431" movably and removably sleeved on the portion of the rod portion 411 that is exposed from the housing 42, and a supporting and blocking member 434 movably and removably sleeved on the portion of the rod portion 411 that is exposed from the housing 42. The supporting and positioning member 431" has a column part 431a", and a supporting disk part 431b" that is connected to the column part 431a". A cross-sectional area of the supporting disk part 431b" gradually increases in a direction that is away from the column part 431a". The supporting and blocking member 434 is disk-shaped, and the thickness thereof gradually increases toward the rod portion 411. The blocking plate 44" is disk-shaped, and the thickness thereof gradually increases toward the rod portion 411.

[0026] Accordingly, with respect to each of the fixing devices 4", when the fixing device 4" is used to extend through the thermal insulation layer 2 and the outer framework 3, the supporting and positioning member 431" and the supporting and blocking member 434 are first removed from the rod portion 411, the rod portion 411 extends through the thermal insulation layer 2 that is formed with a plurality of recesses for accommodating the supporting and blocking members 434 of the fixing devices 4", the supporting and blocking member 434 is sleeved on the portion of the rod portion 411 that is exposed from the housing 42 and is accommodated in one of the recesses of the thermal insulation layer 2, and the rod portion 411 extends through the outer formwork 3. The supporting and blocking member 434 abuts against the outer formwork 3, and the portion of the rod portion 411 that is exposed from the housing 42 projects out of the outer formwork 3. Then, the supporting and positioning member 431" is sleeved on the rod portion 411 and abuts against the outer formwork 3. As such, when the to-be-cured material is poured in the support frame layer 1, the blocking plate 44", the supporting and blocking members 434, and the supporting and positioning member 431" may act as supports to prevent the fixing device 4" from shaking or being damaged due to impact from the main rod 41 and the housing 42 projecting out of the thermal insulation layer 2 and located in the support frame layer 1. Through the shapes of the supporting and blocking member 434 and the blocking plate 44", the connection strength between the blocking plate 44" and the housing 42 and the connection strength between the supporting and blocking member 434 and the rod portion 411 may be improved, and the blocking plate 44" and the supporting and blocking member 434 may be prevented from being separated from the rod portion 411 and the housing 42 when the fixing device 4" is shaken by pouring of the to-be-cured material.

[0027] Referring to Figures 16 and 17, a fixing device 4‴ according to a variation of the second embodiment is shown. In this variation, the supporting and blocking member 434‴ is disk-shaped and stepped, and the thickness thereof increases toward the rod portion 411. Therefore, the connection strength between the supporting and blocking member 434 and the rod portion 411 may be improved.

[0028] In sum, since the fixing devices 4, 4', 4", 4‴ are used to attach the thermal insulation layer 2 to the outer formwork 3 before the to-be-cured material is poured into the support frame layer 1, labor and time for adhering the thermal insulation layer 2, grinding the thermal insulation layer 2, and drilling holes to fix the thermal insulation layer 2 and to install the outer cover plates 7 may be saved. In addition, waste generated during construction of the composite wall (e.g., waste generated by drilling and grinding, used drilling bits, etc.) may be reduced. Furthermore, time and costs for energy-efficient construction may be saved by using the construction method of the disclosure, so that the market may be more likely to accept the energy-efficient construction.

[0029] The following numbered clauses may illustrate one or more examples of this disclosure.

[0030] Clause 1. A construction method of a composite wall, the construction method comprising: preparing a support frame layer; using a plurality of fixing devices to extend through a thermal insulation layer and an outer formwork to attach the thermal insulation layer to the outer formwork, wherein, each of the fixing devices includes a main rod having a rod portion that extends through the thermal insulation layer and the outer formwork and that projects out of the thermal insulation layer and the outer formwork; respectively disposing an inner formwork and the outer formwork to which the thermal insulation layer is attached at two sides of the support frame layer, wherein, the thermal insulation layer faces the support frame layer; pouring a to-be-cured material into the support frame layer to fix the thermal insulation layer to the support frame layer through the fixing devices; removing the inner formwork and the outer formwork from the support frame layer; respectively disposing a plurality of external brackets on portions of the rod portions of the fixing devices that project out of the thermal insulation layer; and installing a plurality of outer cover plates on the external brackets.

[0031] Clause 2. The construction method of clause 1, further comprising, before the step of disposing the inner formwork and the outer formwork at the two sides of the support frame layer, a step of using a plurality of fixing devices to extend through another thermal insulation layer and the inner formwork to attach the another thermal insulation layer to the inner formwork, wherein, in the step of disposing the inner formwork and the outer formwork at the two sides of the support frame layer, the another thermal insulation layer faces the support frame layer.

[0032] Clause 3. The construction method of clause 2, further comprising, after the step of removing the inner formwork and the outer formwork, a step of installing an inner cover plate on the another thermal insulation layer.

[0033] Clause 4. The construction method of any one of clauses 1 to 3, wherein each of the outer cover plates is one of a ceramic plate, a building stone, a metal plate, and a brick slip system.

[0034] Clause 5. The construction method of any one of clauses 1 to 4, wherein the thermal insulation layer is made of one of expanded polystyrene, EPS, polyisocyanurate, PIR, graphite polystyrene, GPS, and rigid thermal insulation material.

[0035] Clause 6. A fixing device comprising: a main rod that has a rod portion, and a head portion connected to an end of the rod portion; a housing that covers a part of the rod portion and the head portion; a blocking plate that is fixedly sleeved on a portion of the housing covering the rod portion; and a positioning unit that is movably and removably sleeved on a portion of the rod portion exposed from the housing.

[0036] Clause 7. The fixing device of clause 6, wherein the positioning unit includes a positioning member movably and removably sleeved on the portion of the rod portion that is exposed from the housing, and a positioning and blocking plate movably and removably sleeved on the portion of the rod portion that is exposed from the housing.

[0037] Clause 8. The fixing device of clause 7, wherein the rod portion is a threaded rod, and the positioning member is a nut.

[0038] Clause 9. The fixing device of any one of clauses 6 to 8, wherein the blocking plate is disk-shaped.

[0039] Clause 10. The fixing device of clause 6, wherein the positioning unit includes a positioning and blocking member that has a sleeve portion movably and removably sleeved on the rod portion, and a positioning and blocking plate portion that is located at an end of the sleeve portion.

[0040] Clause 11. The fixing device of clause 6, wherein the positioning unit includes a supporting and positioning member movably and removably sleeved on the portion of the rod portion that is exposed from the housing, and a supporting and blocking member movably and removably sleeved on the portion of the rod portion that is exposed from the housing.

[0041] Clause 12. The fixing device of clause 11, wherein the supporting and positioning member has a column part, and a supporting disk part that is connected to the column part, a cross-sectional area of the supporting disk part gradually increasing in a direction that is away from the column part.

[0042] Clause 13. The fixing device of any one of clauses 11 to 12, wherein the blocking plate is disk-shaped, a thickness of the blocking plate gradually increasing toward the rod portion.

[0043] Clause 14. The fixing device of any one of clauses 11 to 13, wherein the supporting and blocking member is disk-shaped, a thickness of the supporting and blocking member gradually increasing toward the rod portion.

[0044] Clause 15. The fixing device of any one of clauses 11 to 13, wherein the supporting and blocking member is disk-shaped and stepped, a thickness of the supporting and blocking member increasing toward the rod portion.

[0045] In the description above, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific details have been set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiment(s). It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that one or more other embodiments may be practiced without some of these specific details. It should also be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," an embodiment with an indication of an ordinal number and so forth means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be included in the practice of the disclosure. It should be further appreciated that in the description, various features are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of various inventive aspects; such does not mean that every one of these features needs to be practiced with the presence of all the other features. In other words, in any described embodiment, when implementation of one or more features or specific details does not affect implementation of another one or more features or specific details, the one or more features may be singled out and practiced alone without the another one or more features or specific details. It should be further noted that one or more features or specific details from one embodiment may be practiced together with one or more features or specific details from another embodiment, where appropriate, in the practice of the disclosure.

Claims

1. A fixing device (4, 4', 4", 4‴) characterized by: a main rod (41) that has a rod portion (411), and a head portion (412) connected to an end of said rod portion (411); a housing (42) that covers a part of said rod portion (411) and said head portion (412); a blocking plate (44, 44") that is fixedly sleeved on a portion of said housing (42) covering said rod portion (411); and a positioning unit (43, 43', 43", 43‴) that is movably and removably sleeved on a portion of said rod portion (411) exposed from said housing (42).

2. The fixing device (4) as claimed in claim 1, wherein said positioning unit (43) includes a positioning member (431) movably and removably sleeved on said portion of said rod portion (411) that is exposed from said housing (42), and a positioning and blocking plate (432) movably and removably sleeved on said portion of said rod portion (411) that is exposed from said housing (42).

3. The fixing device (4) as claimed in claim 2, wherein said rod portion (411) is a threaded rod, and said positioning member (431) is a nut.

4. The fixing device (4) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said blocking plate (44) is disk-shaped.

5. The fixing device (4) as claimed in claim 1, wherein said positioning unit (43') includes a positioning and blocking member (433) that has a sleeve portion (433a) movably and removably sleeved on said rod portion (411), and a positioning and blocking plate portion (433b) that is located at an end of said sleeve portion (433a).

6. The fixing device (4) as claimed in claim 1, wherein said positioning unit (43", 43‴) includes a supporting and positioning member (431") movably and removably sleeved on said portion of said rod portion (411) that is exposed from said housing (42), and a supporting and blocking member (434, 434"') movably and removably sleeved on said portion of said rod portion (411) that is exposed from said housing (42).

7. The fixing device (4) as claimed in claim 6, wherein said supporting and positioning member (431") has a column part (431a"), and a supporting disk part (431b") that is connected to said column part (431a"), a cross-sectional area of said supporting disk part (431b") gradually increasing in a direction that is away from said column part (431a").

8. The fixing device (4) as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 7, wherein said blocking plate (44") is disk-shaped, a thickness of said blocking plate (44") gradually increasing toward said rod portion (411).

9. The fixing device (4) as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein said supporting and blocking member (434) is disk-shaped, a thickness of said supporting and blocking member (434) gradually increasing toward said rod portion (411).

10. The fixing device (4) as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein said supporting and blocking member (434‴) is disk-shaped and stepped, a thickness of said supporting and blocking member (434‴) increasing toward said rod portion (411).

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