Electrical connector, electrical connecting member of network topology, and electrical network topology

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical connector (1) for connection with a mating electrical connector (2), in particular a bus connector, comprising a one-piece contact carrier (3) and at least one contact element assembly (4) formed from at least one first electrical contact element (5) and a second electrical contact element (6). The contact elements (5, 6, 35) of each contact element assembly (4) are at least partially embedded in the contact carrier (3) and make electrical and mechanical contact with each other. The first contact element (5) and the second contact element (6) of each contact element assembly (4) each have a connection area (8) for connecting at least one electrical conductor (7).At least one of the contact elements (5, 6, 35) of at least one contact element assembly (4) is accessible for contacting with a corresponding mating contact element (12) of the mating connector (2).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an electrical connector for connection with an electrical mating connector, in particular a bus connector, comprising a one-piece contact carrier and at least one contact element assembly formed from at least one first electrical contact element and a second electrical contact element.

[0002] The invention also relates to an electrical connecting element of an electrical network topology, in particular a bus system, comprising two electrical connectors connected via at least one electrical conductor.

[0003] The invention further relates to an electrical network topology, in particular a bus system, comprising at least one electrical connecting element and at least one electrical mating connector for connection with at least one electrical participant.

[0004] Electrical network topologies, particularly (differential) bus systems, are used in many application areas, such as industry, vehicles, and workplaces, for data transmission between multiple electrical devices. The wiring system of an electrical network topology typically includes at least one main line to which each device is connected. For flexible or on-demand connection of the electrical devices, electrical connectors are usually attached to the main line, which can be connected to mating connectors on the devices. These electrical connectors can be, for example, T-, F-, or Y-shaped. EP 4 322 341 A1 serves as an example of a known differential bus system.

[0005] A conventional bus connector requires a relatively large amount of installation space due to its design, which hinders the miniaturization of the overall electrical system. Furthermore, the assembly effort for common network topologies is sometimes high and therefore costly and time-consuming. The assembly effort, for example in an automotive plant or at an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) (Tier 1 supplier), can be considerable and also prone to errors, since at least one electrical conductor of the overall system must be connected to each of the connector's interfaces.

[0006] As an alternative to assembly on-site, the entire system can be pre-assembled by the manufacturer, which, however, hinders flexible application, as the branch points for the participants in the network topology are fixed.

[0007] In view of the known state of the art, the object of the present invention is to provide an electrical connector which can be advantageously used in a network topology in order to preferably enable a flexible and technically simple connection of electrical participants to the network topology.

[0008] The present invention also aims to provide an electrical connecting element that can be used modularly in a network topology, preferably to enable a flexible and technically simple design of a network topology.

[0009] Furthermore, the invention aims to provide an electrical network topology that can be assembled modularly.

[0010] The problem is solved for the electrical connector by the features listed in claim 1. With regard to the electrical connecting element, the problem is solved by the features of claim 13, and with regard to the electrical network topology by claim 15.

[0011] The dependent claims and the features described below relate to advantageous embodiments and variants of the invention.

[0012] The invention relates to an electrical connector for connection with a mating electrical connector, in particular a bus connector. The electrical connector comprises a one-piece contact carrier and at least one contact element assembly formed from at least a first electrical contact element and a second electrical contact element.

[0013] A contact element assembly according to the invention can, in principle, comprise any number of individual contact elements, but in particular, it may comprise the first electrical contact element and the second electrical contact element (if only the first and second contact elements are present, the contact element assembly can therefore also be referred to as a "contact element pair"). The contact element assembly may, for example, additionally comprise the third electrical contact element mentioned below, or even further electrical contact elements (e.g., a fourth electrical contact element, a fifth electrical contact element, or even more contact elements).

[0014] The electrical connector can also have any number of contact element assemblies, although a single contact element assembly may also be sufficient (e.g., in the case of a coaxial connector). Preferably, however, the electrical connector has several contact element assemblies, for example, two, three, four, five, six, or even more. If several contact element assemblies are provided, the contact element assemblies can also be configured differently, for example, by having a different number of individual contact elements.

[0015] The said one-piece contact carrier is preferably a monolithic component.

[0016] The contact carrier is preferably made of an electrically insulating material, for example a plastic.

[0017] According to the invention, the contact elements of a respective contact element assembly are at least partially received in the contact carrier and contact each other electrically and mechanically.

[0018] The positioning and / or alignment and / or course of the contact elements can be defined and specified by the contact carrier.

[0019] Preferably, all contact elements of a given contact element assembly are connected to each other, either directly or indirectly, at least electrically. The fact that the contact elements of a contact element assembly are electrically and mechanically connected to each other does not necessarily mean that all contact elements of the contact element assembly are directly electrically and mechanically connected. For example, it may be provided that only some of the contact elements of a common contact element assembly are directly electrically and mechanically connected, while other contact elements are only indirectly electrically connected to each other, in particular by using the respective other contact elements (e.g.,...The third electrical contact element mentioned below can directly contact the first and second electrical contact elements electrically and mechanically, serving as an electrical bridge between them. In particular, it can be provided that at least two of the contact elements of a common contact element assembly directly contact each other electrically and mechanically.

[0020] According to the invention, the first contact element and the second contact element of a respective contact element assembly each have a connection area for connecting at least one respective electrical conductor.

[0021] The connection area is particularly suitable for connecting at least one electrical conductor of an electrical line.

[0022] In principle, further or all contact elements of a given contact element assembly can also have corresponding connection areas for connecting at least one electrical conductor, but at least the first and second contact elements. For example, it may be provided that the third electrical contact element mentioned below does not have a connection area.

[0023] It can preferably be provided that, in the case of multiple contact element assemblies, all first contact elements are connected to respective electrical conductors, which are bundled in a common first electrical conductor. Similarly, in the case of multiple contact element assemblies, all second contact elements can be connected to respective electrical conductors, which are bundled in a second common conductor. Thus, it can be provided, in particular, that at least two electrical conductors are supplied to the electrical connector, which may be respective main conductor sections of the network topology.

[0024] According to the invention, at least one of the contact elements of at least one contact element assembly (preferably one respective contact element assembly) is accessible for contacting with a corresponding mating contact element of the mating connector.

[0025] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided in particular that the electrical connector has at least one first (mechanical) interface for connection with a corresponding mating interface of the mating connector. The at least one contact element can extend at least as far as said first interface for contacting the corresponding mating contact element of the mating connector.

[0026] The first interface can be of any electrical and / or mechanical design. The invention is not limited to a specific type or standard of (plug-in) interface. The contact elements in the area of ​​the first interface can be, among other things, pin- or socket-shaped. In addition to rotationally symmetrical or elongated contact elements, flat contacts, for example, are also suitable. The plug compatibility of the first interface can be arbitrary and may be suitable, for example, for connection with an Ethernet connector standard (e.g., RJ connectors) or another connector standard.

[0027] The electrical connector can be straight or angled (angled connector). A straight connector can preferably, but not necessarily, be elongated.

[0028] Preferably, but not necessarily, the first interface is designed for an electrical and mechanical connection with the corresponding mating connector. However, the first interface may also be a purely mechanical plug-in interface, for example, as a "parking position" for a mating connector.

[0029] The proposed connector can be distinguished in particular by the fact that it is delivered pre-assembled by the manufacturer with at least two cables or wires and can therefore be integrated into a bus system or a more complex network topology by the installer (e.g. an automobile manufacturer) without any assembly effort.

[0030] In one embodiment of the invention, it is particularly possible that the electrical connector, the electrical contact elements, and / or the contact carrier are designed such that the contact elements can still be assembled in the contact carrier after the respective individual components (in particular, the contact carrier and the contact elements) have been manufactured. That is, the contact elements are preferably not overmolded by the contact carrier, additively formed together with the contact carrier, or manufactured by any other common manufacturing process. Preferably, the contact elements can be mounted in the contact carrier by a single assembler in a force-fit, form-fit, and / or material-fit (less preferably) manner along at least one spatial direction.

[0031] Preferably, the contact elements can be non-destructively removed from the contact carrier after assembly. This allows network topology sections to be adapted or replaced as needed, which can, for example, facilitate maintenance or repair.

[0032] As already mentioned, depending on the application, it may generally be sufficient if only one of the contact elements of a contact element assembly extends into the mechanical interface.

[0033] However, it can also be provided that the first contact element and the second contact element each extend into the mechanical interface or are each accessible for contact with one or more mating contact elements of the mating connector. Thus, it can preferably be provided that the first contact element in the mechanical interface can be selectively connected either to the second contact element or to a mating contact element of the mating connector. It can therefore be provided that inserting the mating connector into the mechanical interface disconnects the direct connection between the first and second contact elements, while corresponding mating contact elements of the mating connector make contact with the first and / or the second contact element. This results in various possibilities for influencing the signal flow in the network topology.

[0034] For example, the mating connector can be designed to transmit the signals at least substantially unaffected, so that the electrical connection between the first and second contact elements is re-established after the mating connector is inserted (the electrical signal is "passed through"; a tap for an electrical participant in the network topology can, for example, be made electrically in parallel). The electrical connection between the first and second contact elements can be established, for example, by a common mating contact element (i.e., the first and second contact elements contact the common mating contact element and are electrically connected to each other via the mating contact element) or by respective mating contact elements that are connected to each other via an electrical connection (e.g., by electrical conductors, an electrical circuit, conductor tracks, or vias)."Vias" on the circuit board mentioned below, etc.).

[0035] As an alternative to simply forwarding the signal, the mating connector or the electrical device connected to it can also manipulate the electrical signal in a defined way using an electrical circuit, or even replace it entirely with another electrical signal. In this way, an electrical device can, for example, be inserted into an electrical series circuit and / or be used to electrically influence the network topology in a defined way.

[0036] The mating contact elements can be arranged individually in the mating connector or on or in a common carrier of the mating connector. For example, the carrier can be the electrical circuit board mentioned below. However, the carrier can be any component used to fix one or more mating contact elements together (e.g., an electrically insulating carrier or plate). The mating contact elements can be arranged on opposite sides of the carrier or on the same sides of the carrier. A mating contact element can also be, for example, an electrically conductive plate, a pin contact, or another contact form. The carrier with the mating contact elements, or at least one of the mating contact elements, can be...For example, they can be inserted between the first and second contact elements to handle or influence signal transmission. Optionally, multiple mating contact elements can be electrically connected directly or indirectly via electrical conductors (e.g., wires, cables, conductive traces, or vias on a printed circuit board), components, or circuits.

[0037] In the manner described above, for example, an electrical device in a network topology can be added to an existing series connection of various electrical devices using simple measures. Furthermore, electrical devices can be easily removed or replaced from an existing series connection without negatively affecting the function of the overall system.

[0038] Alternatively, using the electrical connector, a parallel connection of electrical participants can also be provided if the connection between the first and the second contact element is not broken by inserting the mating connector, but only an additional connection of said contact elements with the at least one mating contact element is established.

[0039] As already mentioned, a further development of the invention may provide that the electrical connector has several contact element assemblies. The respective contact elements of the several contact element assemblies, or all electrical contact elements of the electrical connector, may then preferably be accommodated together in the contact carrier.

[0040] Preferably, the electrical connector has only the aforementioned electrical contact carrier (i.e., only exactly one contact carrier).

[0041] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the contact elements are received in the respective contact receptacles in the contact carrier.

[0042] Preferably, the contact elements are fixed in the respective contact receptacles, in particular axially and / or laterally or radially.

[0043] The contact surfaces can, in principle, have any design. For example, they can be cavities, slots, grooves, channels, chambers, bores, openings, blind holes, windows, or other recesses or receptacles. Some examples are discussed in more detail below, but are not to be understood as limiting the invention.

[0044] According to a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the contact surfaces have an elongated geometry (e.g. in the form of a slot, a bore or a groove).

[0045] The contacts, especially contacts with an elongated geometry, can run at least essentially along a plugging direction or axial direction or longitudinal extent of the electrical connector.

[0046] The contact surfaces, especially those with an elongated geometry, can be at least essentially straight. However, they can also have curved and / or stepped profiles and do not necessarily have to be straight. An at least essentially straight contact surface can be advantageous for the sake of simple assembly of the contact elements in the insertion direction, against the insertion direction, or in the axial direction / longitudinal extent of the electrical connector. However, assembly of the contact elements in the axial direction or along the longitudinal extent is not absolutely necessary. In the case of more complex contact surface profiles, assembly of the contact elements can also be carried out laterally, as described below.

[0047] According to a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the contact receptacles are designed as elongated channels or bores which extend at least partially through the contact carrier from one end of the contact carrier, so that the contact elements can be mounted in the plugging direction and / or against the plugging direction from said end of the electrical connector.

[0048] In the case of a straight or elongated connector, it is preferably provided that said elongated channels or bores extend from a first end of the connector to a second end of the connector (i.e., completely through the electrical connector in the axial or longitudinal direction). However, this is not necessarily the case with an angled connector, for example, if there is a sufficiently large opening for inserting the contact elements in the area of ​​the bend or in the area where the angled connector folds.

[0049] It is possible for the contact carrier to be designed at least substantially in the form of a sleeve or a hollow cylinder. However, this is not strictly necessary within the scope of the invention. In principle, any geometry of the contact carrier is possible.

[0050] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided, for example, that the contact receptacles are designed as grooves that run along an outer shell of the contact carrier and / or that run along an inner shell of a contact carrier that is at least partially hollow.

[0051] Thus, the contact elements can be advantageously mounted laterally from the outside and / or inside the grooves of the contact carrier with respect to the insertion direction.

[0052] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the contact elements are each formed in one piece.

[0053] The contact elements can alternatively be designed in multiple parts, for example to create more complex contact elements. Individual contact element segments of a multi-part contact element can be connected to each other by positive locking, force locking, or material locking.

[0054] Preferably, the contact elements can be designed as stamped and bent parts. However, contact elements manufactured as turned parts, deep-drawn contact elements, or contact elements manufactured in other ways can also be provided within the scope of the invention.

[0055] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the contact elements of a common contact element assembly can be frictionally connected, preferably solely frictionally connected. In addition to or optionally also as an alternative to frictional connection, the contact elements of a common contact element assembly can be positively connected (for example, in the manner of a snap-fit ​​or clip connection).

[0056] In particular, a material-bonded connection or a crimp connection between the contact elements of a common contact element assembly is preferably not provided.

[0057] Preferably, the contact elements of a common contact element assembly can be detached non-destructively if required.

[0058] Preferably, the contact elements of a common contact element assembly contact each other at least partially laterally or longitudinally. In particular, it can be provided that at least the contact elements of a common contact element assembly are arranged next to each other or parallel within the contact carrier.

[0059] It may be provided that the connection direction for establishing the connection between the first and second contact elements runs perpendicular to the insertion direction of the connector. For example, the connection direction may be at least approximately orthogonal to the insertion direction. In principle, however, any angle between the connection direction and the insertion direction is possible, for example, an angle of approximately 10°, 20°, 30°, or 45°. It should be noted that the connection direction and the insertion direction can also run parallel to each other. An at least substantially parallel course of the connection direction and the insertion direction may, for example, be provided to ensure a sheath-side or...To enable longitudinal / lateral "sliding" of the contact elements and compatible contact elements during assembly, whereby the contact pressure between the contact elements can still preferably be perpendicular to the insertion direction. In particular, sliding of the contact elements against each other in the longitudinal axis direction can be provided.

[0060] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the contact element assembly comprises exclusively the first contact element and the second contact element.

[0061] In particular (but not exclusively), if the contact element assembly consists solely of the first and second contact elements, the first and second contact elements can contact each other against an elastic restoring force. This can occur, in particular, if the first and / or second contact element has a spring tab attached on one or both sides.

[0062] It can also be provided that the first contact element contacts the second contact element externally in a pincer-like manner, or that it grips the second contact element – ​​or vice versa. Preferably, this contacting also occurs against an elastic restoring force, for example, by the pincer-like contact element being spread open from its rest position by the other contact element in the contacted state.

[0063] Furthermore, it can be provided that the first contact element is inserted into a contact receptacle of the second contact element and contacts the second contact element internally within the contact receptacle, or that the first contact element has a contact receptacle which is contacted internally by the second contact element inserted into the contact receptacle. A correspondingly "pin-like" contact element can optionally have a contact spring or several contact springs distributed along its circumference to generate an advantageous contact pressure for contacting within the contact receptacle. Alternatively or additionally, the contact receptacle can have a contact spring or several contact springs distributed internally along its circumference to generate an advantageous contact pressure for contacting (the contact receptacle can, for example, be designed in the form of a spring cage).

[0064] In principle, the first contact element and / or the second contact element can be configured in any way. The preceding examples are therefore to be understood merely as preferred variants and not as limiting to the invention.

[0065] As already mentioned, the contact between the first contact element and the second contact element preferably takes place laterally, i.e., in such a way that the first contact element and the second contact element are in contact with each other on their outer surfaces, for example along their lengths, when in contact.

[0066] In order to create a technically simple contacting option for the contact elements of a common contact element assembly (especially in the case of direct contacting between contact elements), it can preferably be provided that suitable contact chambers (e.g. cavities, slots, recesses, openings, windows, channels, etc.) are formed in the contact carrier between all contact points, or at least between the contact points that are assigned to a common contact element assembly, in which the contacting between the respective contact elements can take place.

[0067] If the contact receptacles are designed, for example, as bores or other elongated contact receptacles, it may be provided that these are fully or partially slotted in the longitudinal direction on the side facing the other contact element of the common contact element assembly, so that the contact elements can each be inserted into the contact receptacle in the longitudinal direction, for example, with a spring tab extending through the slot towards the other contact element. A similar arrangement may be provided in the case of external grooves on the outer surface of the contact carrier, whereby, in this case, for example, targeted transverse bores or other openings may also be formed between the external grooves through which a section of the contact elements can be passed transversely to the longitudinal extent in order to make direct contact with the other contact element.In the case of contact surfaces designed as grooves on the inner surface, an intermediate contact chamber suitable for contacting is generally already present. The variants for contact chamber(s) between contact surfaces mentioned here are merely exemplary and not to be understood as limiting to the invention.

[0068] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the contact element assembly has at least one third contact element.

[0069] The third contact element can be designed as a contact bridge and electrically and mechanically contact the first contact element and the second contact element in order to indirectly connect the first contact element and the second contact element electrically.

[0070] Basically, the third contact element or contact bridge can be any conductive component (e.g. a separate contact plate) or electronic component suitable for establishing contact between the first and second contact elements.

[0071] This contact bridge can, for example, be a clamp-like or comb-like electrically conductive component that can be inserted into the contact carrier from the outside. In principle, a separate contact bridge can be provided for each contact element of a given contact element assembly that is to be connected. Optionally, several contact bridges can be electrically separated from one another and attached to a common electrically insulating carrier element, so that they can be conveniently assembled in a single plug-in operation.

[0072] It can be provided, in particular, that the third contact element or contact bridge can be mounted in the contact carrier independently of the first and second contact elements (and any other contact elements that may be present). The third contact element or contact bridge can, in particular, be a separate component that can preferably be inserted into the contact carrier after the first and second contact elements have been mounted in order to establish the electrical connection between them.

[0073] Preferably, the mounting direction of the third contact element or contact bridge differs from the mounting direction of the first and second contact elements. In particular, it may be provided that the mounting direction of the third contact element is at least substantially orthogonal or at least perpendicular to the mounting direction of the first and second contact elements. For example, if the first and second contact elements are each inserted axially or longitudinally into the contact carrier, the third contact element or contact bridge may be inserted laterally into the contact carrier – or vice versa.

[0074] However, it can also be provided that the third contact element can be inserted into the contact carrier along the same assembly direction as the first and second contact elements. For example, all contact elements of a common contact element assembly can be inserted into the contact carrier together or individually in the axial or longitudinal direction of the connector.

[0075] The third contact element can be configured to grip the first and second contact elements individually or together (in the manner of a clamp or comb), as mentioned above. Alternatively, the third contact element can be positioned between the first and second contact elements, or inserted between them transversely or along the longitudinal axis. It can also be designed to be pluggable into the first and / or second contact elements.

[0076] It should be noted that the third contact element does not necessarily have to be designed as a contact bridge to establish the described electrical contact between the first and second contact elements. For example, it is also possible for the first contact element to directly contact the second contact element, which in turn contacts the third contact element (in this example, the second contact element can thus serve as a contact bridge between the first and third contact elements). Furthermore, it is possible for all three contact elements to directly connect both electrically and mechanically.

[0077] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that at least one connection means for electrical and mechanical contact with the respective electrical conductor is arranged in the connection area of ​​the contact elements.

[0078] The connecting element can be designed in particular to create a form-fit and / or material-fit connection with the electrical conductor (a force-fit connection is also possible).

[0079] Preferably, the at least one contact element in the connection area forms a crimp section for a crimp connection with the at least one electrical conductor. The crimp section can, for example, be implemented as a crimp sleeve and / or crimp tab(s). Alternatively, instead of a crimp section, the at least one contact element in the connection area can, for example, be soldered, welded, or otherwise connected to the at least one electrical conductor.

[0080] Preferably, a permanent or non-destructively inseparable connection is provided between the at least one contact element and the at least one electrical conductor in the connection area. Preferably, the connection means is not a plug-in interface.

[0081] In one embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that the electrical connector has at least a second (mechanical) interface for connection with a further mating connector.

[0082] It may be provided that at least one of the contact elements of at least one contact element assembly (preferably one respective contact element assembly) is accessible for contacting with a respective mating contact element of a respective mating connector at more than one contact point, i.e., for example, at a second contact point (in particular in said second interface) or at further contact points (in particular in further interfaces).

[0083] The inclusion of at least one additional interface allows even complex network structures, such as star-shaped, tree-shaped or mesh network topologies, to be implemented in a flexible and technically simple way.

[0084] Advantageously, any number of interfaces for contacting further mating connectors can be provided within the scope of the invention.

[0085] The second interface can preferably be located on a different side than the first interface (though this is not mandatory). For example, the first and second interfaces can be arranged at opposite ends, particularly opposite axial ends, of the electrical connector.

[0086] Features and benefits mentioned above and below with regard to the first interface can also be applied to the second interface - and vice versa.

[0087] Insofar as multiple interfaces are provided for connection with multiple mating connectors, the interfaces may differ in their design or be functionally and / or geometrically identical, so that the same or different mating connector types can be used to connect an electrical device to the respective interfaces - depending on the requirements of the overall system.

[0088] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the electrical connector has at least one outer conductor contact element which extends at least along an axial subsection of the contact carrier.

[0089] It can be provided that the at least one outer conductor contact element in said subsection circumferentially encloses all contact elements together. Preferably, the outer conductor contact element is a component that is at least substantially sleeve-shaped.

[0090] The electrical connector can therefore also be a shielded electrical connector. Particularly in the case of a shielded connector, a single contact element assembly may be sufficient.

[0091] The outer conductor contact element can preferably be designed as a contact plate, preferably as a formed contact plate. This contact plate can optionally be fixed to the outer sides of the contact carrier.

[0092] The outer conductor contact element can be a one-piece or monolithic (preferred) or multi-piece component.

[0093] A crimp or compression fitting can be used to connect the outer conductor contact element to, for example, one of the electrical conductors or the electrical cable. This allows for an electrical and mechanical connection to the cable shield of the line, and can also provide strain relief.

[0094] In one embodiment of the invention, a separate outer conductor sleeve can be provided in addition to or as an alternative to the outer conductor contact element (e.g., to increase mechanical stability). The outer conductor sleeve can be mounted starting from an axial end of the electrical connector, for example, from a cable- or conductor-side axial end or from a plug-side axial end. This outer conductor sleeve can extend only over a partial axial section of the connector or completely along its axial extent. In this partial section, the at least one outer conductor sleeve preferably encloses all internal components of the connector. Several outer conductor sleeves distributed along the axial extent of the connector can also be provided. The at least one outer conductor sleeve can be fixed to the contact carrier, for example, by snapping, pressing, or crimping.For example, an outer conductor sleeve can be arranged at least in the connection area for the electrical conductor. In this case, the outer conductor sleeve can be designed, in particular, as a crimp sleeve to establish a mechanical and, if necessary, electrical connection with the electrical conductor and / or the electrical cable.

[0095] The contact carrier and / or the outer conductor contact element may optionally also be the outer housing or part of the outer housing of the electrical connector. However, an additional insulating or electrically conductive outer housing may also be provided, in which the contact carrier is contained. In the case of a shielded connector, the contact carrier may preferably be the insulating element between the outer conductor and the inner conductors.

[0096] The contact carrier can have one or more axial stops for the at least one contact element and / or one or more locking elements for fixing the at least one contact element. In particular, it can be provided that the contact elements are secured against loss, at least in the opposite direction to their mounting direction, especially in the contact carrier.

[0097] The contact elements can be securely fixed in the contact carrier, for example, by means of claw-like areas on the contact element, which allow the contact element to interlock positively with the contact carrier. Alternatively or additionally, the contact element can be locked in place by means of a retaining clip on the contact carrier. It is also possible for the contact element's locking hooks to engage in corresponding recesses on the contact carrier – or vice versa.

[0098] It should also be mentioned that one or more of the contact points of the contact carrier may be unpopulated.

[0099] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the contact elements of the electrical connector are mechanically secured by means of a common, separate secondary fuse.

[0100] The common, separate secondary locking mechanism can be designed in particular in the form of a clamp or a comb.

[0101] The separate secondary locking mechanism is preferably an electrically insulating component and, for securing the contact elements, preferably has at least one locking leg for each contact element, optionally with a detent projection at a front, free end for locking to the contact carrier. The multiple locking legs preferably form a single component and can be mounted individually or together in the contact carrier, which may have suitable recesses for the locking legs. To fix the contact elements, the locking legs can form a positive fit with the respective contact elements, for example by means of a suitable feature (e.g., projection and / or recess) in the contact elements for the locking legs.

[0102] It is also possible for the separate secondary fuse and the contact bridge mentioned above to be designed as a single component, which can advantageously be assembled in a single assembly operation. For example, the contact legs of the contact bridge and the fuse legs of the secondary fuse can extend from a common base plate. The contact legs of the contact bridge and the fuse legs of the secondary fuse can also be identical (in which case the fuse legs of the secondary fuse are preferably electrically conductive).

[0103] In one embodiment of the invention, the electrical connector may have a housing reinforcement to support the contact carrier and / or any connector housing on the outside, particularly in the area of ​​the conductor or cable entry. The housing reinforcement may, in particular, be a so-called "wire dress".

[0104] The housing reinforcement can be advantageously used to support the cable exit and, for example, to provide strain relief. Within this context, the electrical conductors or lines supplied to the contact carrier can preferably also be deflected (e.g., by 90°), for example, even multiple times.

[0105] The housing reinforcement can be multi-part and comprise at least two interconnectable (in particular, positively and / or force-fit, preferably snap-fit) housing reinforcement shells. The housing reinforcement shells can be designed as mirror images, hermaphrodites, or identical parts to simplify manufacturing.

[0106] The invention also relates to an electrical connecting element of an electrical network topology, preferably a bus system, comprising a first electrical connector according to the preceding and following embodiments, and at least one electrical conductor connected to at least one of the contact elements of the first electrical connector.

[0107] Optionally, the electrical connecting element may additionally have at least one second electrical connector, in particular a second electrical connector according to the preceding and following descriptions, wherein at least one of the electrical conductors connected to the first electrical connector is connected to at least one of the contact elements of the second electrical connector.

[0108] The proposed connecting elements can be easily and flexibly expanded during assembly, for example in an automotive plant, to accommodate any bus system or other network topology. If required, individual electrical conductors or wires pre-assembled with contact elements can also be used for this purpose; these can be inserted into unpopulated contact receptacles in the connectors of the connecting elements. Similarly, it can also be provided that individual electrical conductors or wires are connected on-site to the contact areas of the electrical connectors, for example by crimping, in order to assemble a chain of connectors or connecting elements as needed. The present invention makes it possible for the connector manufacturer to pre-assemble an electrical connecting element or wire during the manufacturing process.A chain link for a network topology can be provided, with a respective main line section at each end of which corresponding contact elements are pre-assembled, allowing for easy installation into the electrical connector or its contact carrier. The installation space required for connecting the bus participants or for providing connection options for electrical participants of the respective topology can also be significantly reduced compared to conventional T, Y, or F connectors.

[0109] A particular advantage of the invention is that electrical connecting elements or pre-assembled contact elements with different conductor or cable lengths can be provided by the manufacturer, so that the connecting elements with the different conductor or cable lengths can be modularly assembled during assembly to form any network topologies with arbitrarily subdivided main conductor sections with respective plug-in options for optional electrical participants.

[0110] The invention also relates to an electrical network topology, in particular a bus system, comprising at least two interconnected electrical connecting elements according to the preceding and following embodiments and at least two mating electrical connectors connected to one of the respective electrical connectors for connection with at least two electrical participants of the network topology.

[0111] In the context of the preceding invention, a "network topology" refers to the topology or overall system of an electrical network, with a specific arrangement of the respective participants and lines in relation to one another for exchanging data and / or electrical energy or power. The electrical network topology can be, among other things, a ring structure, a mesh structure, a star structure, a fully meshed structure, a series structure, a tree structure, or a bus structure (bus system). The specific design or topology is not essential in this case. Ultimately, what matters is that one or more electrical participants can be interconnected within the electrical network topology according to the invention to form a common network, for which the aforementioned electrical interconnects can be used.Electrical connectors offer an advantageous way to integrate electrical devices into the network topology using technically simple means.

[0112] In one embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the electrical network topology has at least two electrical participants which are connected to a respective mating connector or which each have one of the mating connectors.

[0113] Typically, the electrical network topology can be designed to have more than two electrical devices, for example, three, four, five, ten, or even more. Each of the electrical devices can preferably be connected to the network topology via a corresponding mating connector using the mechanical interfaces of the electrical connectors.

[0114] The electrical participant can be any electrical assembly that is connected or connectable to other electrical participants for the exchange of energy and / or data via the network topology.

[0115] The electrical component can be, for example, a control device, a voltage and / or power supply (e.g., a battery or accumulator), a microprocessor, a computer, an electrical circuit, an electrical load (e.g., a light source), an electrical sensor system (e.g., a camera system), or an electrical input device. The invention is not fundamentally limited to any particular type of electrical component.

[0116] In one embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the mating connector itself is in turn an electrical connector according to the preceding and following

[0117] This is explained in more detail. In this way, for example, a second network topology can be connected to the proposed network topology. The electrical device that can be connected to the electrical connector via, for example, the first interface, can therefore also be an independent network topology.

[0118] According to one embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that at least one mating contact element of the mating connector is arranged on a carrier (e.g. on an insulating carrier plate or an electrical circuit board, in particular by contact pads or contact surfaces or conductor tracks of the circuit board forming the mating contact elements), wherein the carrier (e.g. the electrical circuit board) can be inserted into the mechanical interface of the electrical connector in order to establish an electrical contact between the at least one mating contact element and the at least one contact element of the electrical connector.

[0119] The mating contact element of the mating connector can, in principle, be designed in any way. As an alternative to using electrical contacts on a printed circuit board, the mating contact element of the bus participant can, for example, also be pin-shaped, socket-shaped, or a flat contact. As mentioned above, the invention is not limited to any particular type of contact or any particular connector standard.

[0120] In particular, it may be provided that the at least one mating contact element is arranged in advance on the carrier (especially on the electrical circuit board) such that the first mechanical contact between the carrier or the electrical circuit board and the contact element of the electrical connector simultaneously establishes the electrical contact between the at least one mating contact element and the at least one contact element of the electrical connector during the insertion of the carrier or the electrical circuit board into the mechanical interface.

[0121] The advantage of the leading mating contact element can be that the connection of the network topology with the other electrical participant can be made relatively interference-free, since the main line section of the network topology is forwarded via the electrical connector or via the mating connector and thus the electrical participant to the other main line section of the network topology.

[0122] Alternatively, the main line can also be interrupted initially during the insertion of the mating connector; that is, the contact between the mating contact elements and the contact elements of the connector can thus be deliberately delayed during insertion of the mating connector. In this case, one embodiment of the invention may provide that the at least one mating contact element is set back from a front end of the carrier (in particular the electrical circuit board) in the insertion direction, so that during the insertion of the carrier or the electrical circuit board into the mechanical interface, mechanical contact is first established between the carrier or the electrical circuit board and the contact element of the electrical connector, and only upon further insertion of the carrier or the electrical circuit board is the contact element established.the electrical contact is established between the at least one mating contact element and the at least one contact element of the electrical connector on the electrical circuit board.

[0123] A temporary interruption of the electrical connection in the main conductor of the overall system while plugging in another electrical device or the mating connector can be advantageous, for example, to signal to a control unit (e.g., a master) of the network topology that a change has occurred in the network regarding the connected devices. This allows for a faster update of the device inventory, as needed, compared to a cyclical, regular update.

[0124] If the mating contact elements are arranged on a circuit board of the mating connector, they can be distributed across both main areas of the circuit board. Thus, opposing mating contact elements on the circuit board can be connected to each other via electrical traces and / or metallic vias to transmit an electrical data or power signal between two main line segments of the network topology across the circuit board of the mating connector when the mating connector is inserted into the mechanical interface.

[0125] The invention also relates to an assembly method for assembling an electrical network topology, in particular a bus system, comprising at least the following method steps: Providing a one-piece contact carrier of an electrical connector; providing at least one first electrical contact element and one second electrical contact element of at least one common contact element assembly; and mounting the provided contact elements in the contact carrier so that the contact elements of a respective contact element assembly contact each other electrically and mechanically. wherein the first contact element and the second contact element of a respective contact element assembly each have a connection area for connecting at least one respective electrical conductor, and wherein at least one of the contact elements of at least one contact element assembly is accessible for contacting a corresponding mating contact element of the mating connector.

[0126] Optionally, the following process steps may also be included in the above assembly procedure: Connecting the electrical contact elements to the respective electrical conductors in the connection area, in particular crimping the electrical contact elements to the electrical conductors; and / or connecting several electrical connectors via at least one common electrical conductor or a common electrical line to form respective connecting links in order to successively build a network topology; and / or connecting one or more electrical participants of the network topology by means of respective mating connectors to at least one mechanical interface of one of the electrical connectors.

[0127] Features described in connection with one of the subject matter of the invention, in particular the electrical connector, the electrical connecting element, the electrical network topology, or the assembly method according to the invention, can also be advantageously implemented for the other subject matter of the invention. Likewise, advantages mentioned in connection with one of the subject matter of the invention can also be understood as relating to the other subject matter of the invention.

[0128] It should also be noted that terms such as "comprehensive," "exhibiting," or "with" do not exclude other characteristics or steps. Furthermore, terms such as "a" or "the," which indicate a singular number of steps or characteristics, do not exclude a plurality of characteristics or steps—and vice versa.

[0129] In a purist embodiment of the invention, however, it may also be provided that the features introduced in the invention with the terms "comprising," "comprising," or "with" are exhaustively listed. Accordingly, one or more lists of features within the scope of the invention may be considered complete, for example, for each claim. The invention may, for instance, consist exclusively of the features mentioned in claim 1.

[0130] It should be noted that designations such as "first" or "second" etc. are primarily used for the purpose of distinguishing between the respective device or process features and are not necessarily intended to indicate that features are mutually dependent or related to each other.

[0131] Furthermore, it should be emphasized that the values ​​and parameters described herein include deviations or fluctuations of ±10% or less, preferably ±5% or less, more preferably ±1% or less, and most preferably ±0.1% or less of the respective named value or parameter, provided that such deviations are not excluded in the practical implementation of the invention. The specification of ranges by initial and final values ​​also includes all those values ​​and fractions that are encompassed by the respective named range, in particular the initial and final values ​​and a respective mean value.

[0132] The invention also relates to an electrical connector independent of claim 1 or an electrical connecting element independent of claim 13, comprising a one-piece contact carrier and at least one first electrical contact element which is received at least partially in the contact carrier, wherein the contact carrier is configured to receive at least one further electrical contact element (e.g. in the contact receptacles mentioned above and below) such that it is able to electrically and mechanically contact the first contact element (e.g. via the third contact element mentioned above and below).the contact bridge or within contact chambers formed between the contact receptacles (for example, as already mentioned above), wherein the first contact element (and preferably also the second contact element) has a connection area for connecting at least one electrical conductor and is accessible for contacting a corresponding mating contact element of the mating connector. In the state of the second contact element being mounted in the contact carrier, the first contact element and the second contact element (optionally together with further contact elements, such as the third contact element mentioned above and below) can form a contact element assembly, in particular as already described above and below – preferably several such contact element assemblies can be provided.The further features of claim 1 and the dependent claims, as well as the features described in the present description, relate to advantageous embodiments and variants of this subject matter.

[0133] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0134] The figures each show preferred embodiments in which individual features of the present invention are combined with one another. Features of an embodiment can also be implemented independently of the other features of the same embodiment and can therefore be readily combined by a person skilled in the art to form further meaningful combinations and subcombinations with features of other embodiments.

[0135] In the figures, functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

[0136] They show schematically: Figure 1 shows an electrical connector according to a first embodiment during the assembly of two electrical contact elements, each pre-assembled with a conductor; Figure 2 shows two electrical connectors according to the first embodiment of Figure 1, during the assembly of the contact elements to form a connecting link of a network topology; Figure 3 shows several connecting links according to Figure 2 in a state connected to an electrical network topology with a mating electrical connector; Figure 4 a longitudinal section through an electrical connector according to a second embodiment, with an external lateral mounting option for the contact elements; Figure 5 a cross-section of the electrical connector according to Figure 4 along section line AA; Figure 6 a longitudinal section through the electrical connector according to Figure 5along section line BB, with an unplugged mating connector; Figure 7 a longitudinal section through an electrical connector according to a third embodiment, with an internal lateral mounting option for the contact elements; Figure 8 a cross-section of the electrical connector according to Figure 7along section line CC, with contact elements partially mounted in the connector; Figure 9 an angled electrical connector according to a fourth embodiment, in an unmounted state of the contact elements; Figure 10 a longitudinal section through the angled electrical connector according to Figure 9, in a mounted state of the contact elements; Figure 11 a longitudinal section through an electrical connector according to a fifth embodiment, with an additional mating interface; Figure 12 a variant of the electrical connector with a pincer-like contact element in a side view; Figure 13 the pincer-like contact element according to Figure 12 in a front view; Figure 14 a variant of the electrical connector with a pin-like contact element and a compatible contact element with a contact receptacle, in a side view; Figure 15 the pin-like contact element according to Figure 14in an enlarged detail view; Figure 16 a shielded electrical connector in a perspective view; Figure 17 an electrical connector with a third contact element designed as a separate contact bridge, for the indirect connection of the first and the second contact elements, in a perspective view; Figure 18 the electrical connector according to Figure 17 Figure 19 shows a cross-sectional view illustrating the contact tap through the contact bridge; Figure 19 shows an electrical connector with a separate secondary fuse for securing the contact elements, in a perspective view; Figure 20 shows an electrical connector according to a variant of the invention with a multi-part housing reinforcement in the area of ​​the cable exit, during assembly of the housing reinforcement, in a perspective view; and Figure 21 shows the electrical connector according to Figure 20in an assembled state of the housing reinforcement.

[0137] In Figure 1 is an electrical connector 1 for connection with an electrical mating connector 2 (see, among others, Figure 3 ) according to a first embodiment of the invention.

[0138] The electrical connector 1 has a one-piece contact carrier 3, which may optionally also be an electrically insulating outer housing of the connector 1. Furthermore, the electrical connector 1 has at least one contact element assembly 4, each comprising at least one first electrical contact element 5 and one second electrical contact element 6. In the exemplary embodiments, the first contact element 5 and the second contact element 6 are each designed as one-piece stamped and bent parts, which, however, is only to be understood as an example.

[0139] As in the Figures 1 to 3As indicated by way of example, the first contact element 5 and the second contact element 6 can preferably each be pre-assembled with a respective electrical conductor 7 before being mounted in the contact carrier 3. For connecting the respective electrical conductor 7, said contact elements 5, 6 each have a connection area 8. A connection element designed as a crimp section 9 is provided in each connection area 8. In principle, however, the connection area 8 can be designed arbitrarily, whereby a force-fit and / or material-fit, in particular permanent, connection of the respective contact element 5, 6 with the respective electrical conductor 7 is preferred.

[0140] Within the scope of the invention, it is provided that the contact elements 5, 6 of a respective contact element assembly 4 make electrical and mechanical contact with each other, at least in the assembled state within the contact carrier 3. In this way, electrical data and / or energy signals can be transmitted between the electrical conductors 7 involved via the electrical connector 1, and at the same time a connection option for an electrical device 10 (cf. Figure 3 ) of a network topology 11 (e.g. of a bus system) by making at least one of the contact elements 5, 6 of at least one contact element assembly 4 (preferably one respective contact element assembly 4) accessible for contacting a corresponding mating contact element 12 of the mating connector 2.

[0141] Advantageously, the invention makes it possible to insert the electrical contact elements 5, 6, which are already pre-assembled by the connector manufacturer, into corresponding contact carriers 3 in a modular and flexible manner. For this purpose, the contact elements 5, 6 can be, as in the Figures 1 and 2 As indicated, the contact elements 5 and 6 must first be brought into a contacting position, e.g., by a connection or insertion direction V perpendicular to the insertion direction S of the connector 1 and / or a connection direction V parallel to the insertion direction S, so that the contact elements 5 and 6 slide laterally over each other. Subsequently, the contact elements 5 and 6 can be inserted together into the contact carrier 3 along a mounting direction M (see figure). Figure 2 ) are inserted. However, individual mounting of the contact elements in the contact carrier 3 is also possible.

[0142] As already mentioned, the electrical connector 1 can, in particular, provide several contact element assemblies 4. In the case of several contact element assemblies 4, their respective contact elements 5, 6 can advantageously be mounted in the common contact carrier 3. Preferably, exactly two electrical lines 13 or electrical cables are supplied to the electrical connector 1, each forming main line sections of the network topology 11 (e.g., of a bus system, as already mentioned above). Each main line section or each electrical line 13 can preferably have several of the aforementioned electrical conductors 7, which are connected to corresponding electrical contact elements 5, 6 of the electrical connector 1. Figure 1In addition to the electrical conductors 7 already crimped to the illustrated contact elements 5, 6, two further electrical conductors 7, not yet connected to contact elements 5, 6, are shown purely as examples. It may be provided, in particular, that all first contact elements 5 of the several contact element assemblies 4 with electrical conductors 7 of a common electrical line 13 (i.e., a common main electrical conductor section, in Figure 1 for example the upper conductor 13) and all second contact elements 6 are connected to electrical conductors 7 of another, common electrical conductor 13 (i.e. with another main conductor section, in Figure 1For example, the lower line 13). In this way, all signals of the network topology 11 can pass through the electrical connector 1 and, by contacting the respective first contact elements 5 and the second contact elements 6 (at least in the unplugged state of the mating connector 2), can be "looped through" the electrical connector 1 at least essentially unaffected.

[0143] For contact with the corresponding mating connector 2, the electrical connector 1 can have a first mechanical interface 14 into which the contact elements 5, 6 extend for contact with the corresponding mating contact element 12 of the mating connector 2. This first interface 14 can be configured in any way, in particular as a socket or plug. In the exemplary embodiments, the first and second contact elements 5, 6 are each configured for radial and lateral contact, respectively (i.e., for contact perpendicular to the insertion direction S). The first and second contact elements 5, 6 can each provide a planar, linear, or point-like contact option in the first interface 14.

[0144] By electrically connecting the pre-assembled contact elements 5, 6 of the respective contact element assemblies 4 to one another, any network topology 11, in particular a bus system, can be assembled. By joining the contact elements 5, 6 in the corresponding contact carrier 3, a contact connection for transmitting current and / or data between the respective electrical lines 13 is created, and an additional plug-in option is provided in the first interface 14 for the at least one electrical participant 10 of the network topology 11. Connecting elements 15 can first be created from an electrical connector 1, in which preferably at least one of the contact elements 5, 6 is connected to an electrical line 13, so that the other end of the electrical line 13 can be inserted into another electrical connector 1.However, a connecting element 15 within the meaning of the invention can also be formed from two electrical connectors 1 or even more electrical connectors 1, each of which is connected to each other via a common electrical line 13 (cf. . Figure 2 ), and which eventually form a common network topology 11 (see Figure 3 ) can be combined modularly.

[0145] To contact at least one mating contact element 12 of the mating connector 2, it may in principle be sufficient if only one of the contact elements 5, 6 of a common contact element assembly 4 extends into the first interface 14, as shown in the Figures 12 and 14 This is shown as an example. Alternatively, however, several or both contact elements 5, 6 of the common contact element assembly 4 can extend into the first interface 14, as for example in the embodiment shown in the Figures 1 to 3 the case.

[0146] Based on a comparison of the first embodiment of the Figures 1 to 3 with a second embodiment, which is in the Figures 4 to 6 As indicated, two particularly advantageous contact variants for the mating connector 2 or two possible variants for integrating the electrical participant 10 into an existing network topology 11 will now be presented.

[0147] How, with regard to the Figures 1 to 3As a result, the contact between the first contact element 5 and the second contact element 6 is unaffected by the insertion process of the mating connector 2, since the contact between the two contact elements 5, 6 takes place outside the first interface 14 (in the exemplary embodiment in a central axial section in the contact carrier 3). The electrical device 10 can therefore be connected electrically in parallel to the existing network topology 11, which is particularly suitable for tapping into a power supply for the electrical device 10.

[0148] In contrast, the contact between the first contact element 5 and the second contact element 6 is established in the exemplary embodiment of the Figures 4 to 6 manufactured within the first interface 14 (see in particular Figure 6Therefore, the electrical signal between the two contact elements 5, 6 is only passed on directly as long as the mating connector 2 is not plugged into the first interface 14. However, if the mating connector 2 is plugged in (see the indicated plugging process in Figure 6 The electrical connection is then routed via the electrical participant 10 or at least via the mating electrical connector 2. The electrical participant 10 can thus be advantageously integrated into an existing series circuit using simple means, which can be particularly beneficial for data transmission. In this way, the electrical signal can be passed unchanged from the first contact element 5 via the electrical participant 10 or its mating connector 2 to the second contact element 6, modified by an optional electrical circuit, or completely replaced.

[0149] The mating contact elements 12 of the mating connector 2 can, for example, be arranged on the opposing main surfaces 16 of an electrical circuit board 17 (alternatively, any carrier for the mating contact elements 12 can be provided instead of an electrical circuit board 17). The contact surfaces arranged on the opposing main surfaces 16 of the circuit board 17 can, for example, be connected to each other by signal conductors of the electrical circuit board 17 or via vias (for a parallel connection of the electrical device 10) or processed for further signal processing by the electronics of the electrical device 10.

[0150] During the insertion of the electrical circuit board 17 into the first interface 14, two possibilities for the plugging process can arise: On the one hand, it can be provided that a continuous signal transmission between the contact elements 5, 6 is ensured even during the plugging process by arranging the at least one mating contact element 12 ahead on the electrical circuit board 17 in such a way that the first mechanical contact between the electrical circuit board 17 and the contact elements 5, 6 simultaneously establishes the electrical contact during the insertion of the electrical circuit board 17 into the first interface 14 (in the embodiment of the Figure 6 (not the case).

[0151] Alternatively, a deliberate interruption of contact during the insertion process can be implemented, as in Figure 6provided. In this case, the at least one mating contact element 12 can be arranged set back from a front end of the electrical circuit board 17 in the insertion direction of the mating connector 2, so that during the insertion of the electrical circuit board 17 into the first interface 14, a mechanical contact is first established between the electrical circuit board 17 and the contact elements 5, 6, and only upon further insertion of the electrical circuit board 17 is the electrical contact established between the at least one mating contact element 12 and the at least one contact element 5, 6.

[0152] To receive the contact elements 5, 6 in the contact carrier 3 and preferably to fix them, for example for axial and / or lateral locking, the contact carrier 3 has respective contact receptacles 18, 22 for the contact elements 5, 6. These contact receptacles 18, 22 can, in particular, have an elongated geometry and extend at least substantially along the insertion direction S of the electrical connector 1. Three particularly advantageous variants result for the mounting of the contact elements 5, 6, which are described below by comparison with the first embodiment ( Figures 1 to 3 ), of the second embodiment ( Figures 4 to 6 ) and a third embodiment ( Figures 7 and 8 ) are to be presented.

[0153] In the first embodiment of the electrical connector 1, the contact receptacles are designed as elongated channels 18 that extend at least partially through the contact carrier 3 from one end 19 of the contact carrier 3 (in this embodiment, the rear, cable- or conductor-side end 19). Thus, the contact elements 5, 6 can be mounted in the contact carrier 3 in the insertion direction S, starting from said end 19. An optional axial locking mechanism can be provided, for example, by spring-loaded locking arms 20 of the contact elements 5, 6, which are able to engage behind a corresponding locking projection 21 in the contact carrier 3.

[0154] Alternatively, the contact receptacles of the contact carrier 3 can also be designed as grooves 22 extending along an outer surface 23 of the contact carrier 3 (see second embodiment) and / or along an inner surface 24 of a contact carrier 3 that is at least partially hollow (see third embodiment). In this way, the contact elements 5, 6 can be mounted laterally from the outside and / or inside the grooves 22 of the contact carrier 3 with respect to the insertion direction S. In particular, lateral fixation can be provided, for example, by clipping or snapping the contact elements 5, 6 into the grooves 22. Additionally, axial fixation can also be provided, for example, by inserting a respective collar 25 of the contact elements 5, 6 into a corresponding recess 26 in the contact carrier 3 in a form-fitting manner.

[0155] The invention is fundamentally suitable not only for use with straight connectors 1, but can also be suitable for use with angled connectors 1 or right-angle connectors, as can be seen from the Figures 9 and 10 This should be clarified. It can be provided that the mounting direction M of the contact elements 5, 6, which in this case are preferably also angled, runs in the insertion direction S of the angled connector 1, as shown in the Figures 9 and 10 as shown (by making the contact carrier 3 accessible at the rear, angled end section 27). However, a mounting direction M perpendicular to the plugging direction S can also be provided, for example if the contact receptacles 18, 22 are accessible laterally (in Figures 9 and 10 (not the case).

[0156] For the sake of completeness, it should also be mentioned that the mating connector 2 itself can also be equipped with the aforementioned and following features of the connector 1. This can be particularly advantageous when significantly more complex network topologies are to be established, such as a mesh or tree structure. Furthermore, to enable the creation of more complex network topologies, the electrical connector 1 can be provided with at least one second mechanical interface 28 for connection to at least one further mating connector 2'. This can be demonstrated by Figure 11 illustrated. The further mating connector 2' has, by way of example, a mating contact element designed as a contact pin 29.

[0157] The contact closure between contact elements 5, 6 in the embodiment of the following is an example. Figure 11in the second interface 28, whereby the second interface 28 is similarly designed to, for example, the first interface 14 of the embodiment of the Figures 4 to 6 . Again, the first interface 14 in the embodiment of the is purely exemplary. Figure 11 without a contact connection, whereby, for example, both contact elements 5, 6 of the common contact element assembly 4 protrude into the first interface 14 (as well as into the second interface 28).

[0158] In a similar way to in Figure 11 As shown, further mechanical interfaces for connection with additional mating connectors may also be provided.

[0159] Based on the following Figures 12 to 15 Various exemplary variants of first contact elements 5 and second contact elements 6 for establishing mutual, preferably force-fit, contact are to be shown. In the Figures 12 to 15The contact elements 5 and 6 are shown in a separate illustration for better understanding.

[0160] The embodiments of the invention described above have in common that the first contact element 5 and the second contact element 6 make direct contact with each other against an elastic restoring force. For this purpose, the contact elements 5 and 6 can be individually or jointly designed to be resilient, at least partially, in the mutual contact area. For example, the contact elements 5 and 6 can have spring tabs 30 attached to one or both sides in the contact area (see, inter alia, the Figures 1 and 2 ).

[0161] A first possible alternative for connecting the first contact element 5 with the second contact element 6 is in the Figures 12 and 13The first contact element 5 is designed in a pincer-like shape to grip the second contact element 6, at least partially, on its outer side. By spreading the pincer-like first contact element 5, a mechanically stable, force-fit contact can be achieved, supported by the elastic restoring force.

[0162] Another, again purely exemplary, way to contact someone is via the Figures 14 and 15 The first contact element 5 is pin-shaped to contact the second contact element 6 in a contact receptacle 31. Optionally, the enlarged view of the Figure 15 Clearly visible, elastic contact springs 32 are provided along the outer circumference of the pin-like first contact element 5.

[0163] It should be mentioned here that, if necessary, several first contact elements 5 and / or several second contact elements 6 from different contact element assemblies 4 can be electrically connected to each other. For example, two electrical contact elements 5, 6 from different contact element assemblies 4 that can be used together for differential signal transmission (e.g., Data+ on the one hand and Data- on the other) can be connected to each other by means of an additional, optional electrical connection in the contact carrier 3 in order to provide electrical termination for the differential signal transmission.

[0164] To illustrate that the invention may also be suitable for use with a shielded electrical connector 1, it is shown in Figure 15A contact carrier 3 enclosed by an external conductor contact element 33 is shown. The external conductor contact element 33 extends laterally around the contact carrier 3 in cross-section and extends axially completely along the contact carrier 3 (or even beyond it). The external conductor contact element 33, which is at least substantially sleeve-shaped, can be mounted from the plug-side end, but preferably from the cable- or conductor-side end of the contact carrier 3. Preferably, the external conductor contact element 33 is mounted after the contact elements 5, 6 have been inserted into the contact carrier 3.

[0165] In addition to the use of an outer conductor contact element 33, it can be provided that an outer conductor sleeve 34, for example the one described in [reference to original text], is finally fitted onto the fully assembled connector 1. Figure 16A crimp sleeve is applied, providing optimized mechanical fixation to a cable shield and strain relief. The outer conductor sleeve 34 can extend over any length of the connector 1. Multiple outer conductor sleeves 34 can also be used. The outer conductor sleeve 34 can be mounted on the cable side or the connector side.

[0166] The previously described respective contact elements 5, 6 of a common contact element assembly 4 each established direct electrical and mechanical contact with each other in the contact carrier 3. Based on the Figures 17 and 18Another possibility for establishing contact between the first contact element 5 and the second contact element 6 will be presented. As an alternative to direct contact, indirect contact can also be achieved, for example, by inserting a third contact element 35, designed as a separate contact bridge, into the contact carrier 3. The contacting of the first and second contact elements 5, 6 by the third contact element 35, or the contact bridge, is illustrated by… Figure 18 This is well illustrated in the cross-sectional view.

[0167] To secure contact elements 5, 6 in a connector, a so-called secondary fuse 36 is frequently used. Such a fuse can also be designed for use with the contact carrier 3 proposed here. As can be seen from the Figure 19It can be provided that the contact elements 5, 6 of the electrical connector 1 are mechanically secured by means of a common, separate secondary locking device 36. The separate secondary locking device 36 is preferably an electrically insulating component having one or more locking arms 37 that can be inserted into one or more corresponding receptacles 38 in the contact carrier 3 to positively lock the respective contact elements 5, 6, 35. At their free ends, the locking arms 37 also each have suitable detent projections for locking into the contact carrier 3.

[0168] It is also possible that the contact bridge or the third contact element 35 described above and the separate secondary fuse 36 are formed by a common component. For example, the contact bridge 35 can be designed to provide a positive locking connection for fixing the contact elements 5 and 6, in addition to the electrical contacting of the contact elements 5 and 6.

[0169] Finally, based on the Figures 20 and 21An optional housing reinforcement 39 is presented, which is advantageously suited for use with the proposed electrical connector 1. The housing reinforcement 39 can be particularly advantageously used in the area of ​​the cable exit or cable entry of the connector 1 to support cable routing and strain relief. For this purpose, the electrical conductors 7 or lines 13 supplied to the contact carrier 3 can preferably be deflected (e.g., by 90°), for example, also deflected multiple times (e.g., in an S-shape).

[0170] The housing reinforcement 39 can be formed in multiple parts, as shown, and thus have at least two interconnectable housing reinforcement shells 40. The housing reinforcement shells 40 can be designed as mirror images, hermaphrodites, or identical parts to simplify manufacturing. The illustrated housing reinforcement shells 40 can each be individually snapped to the contact carrier 3 via a mutual snap-fit ​​connection 41 (see figure). Figure 21 ) and feature a mutually interlocking bolt connection 42 for additional stiffening and securing (see also Figure 21 ).

Claims

1. Electrical connector (1) for connection with an electrical mating connector (2), in particular a bus connector, comprising a one-piece contact carrier (3) and at least one contact element assembly (4) formed from at least one first electrical contact element (5) and a second electrical contact element (6), wherein the contact elements (5, 6, 35) of a respective contact element assembly (4) are at least partially received in the contact carrier (3) and make electrical and mechanical contact with each other, wherein the first contact element (5) and the second contact element (6) of a respective contact element assembly (4) each have a connection area (8) for connecting at least one respective electrical conductor (7), and wherein at least one of the contact elements (5, 6,35) at least one contact element assembly (4) is accessible for contacting a corresponding mating contact element (12) of the mating connector (2).

2. Electrical connector (1) according to claim 1, characterized by several contact element assemblies (4) whose respective contact elements (5, 6, 35) are jointly incorporated in the contact carrier (3).

3. Electrical connector (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the contact elements (5, 6, 35) are received in the respective contact receptacles (18, 22) in the contact carrier (3) and are preferably fixed in the respective contact receptacles (18, 22).

4. Electrical connector (1) according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the contact surfaces (18, 22) have an elongated geometry and extend at least substantially along one insertion direction (S) of the electrical connector (1).

5. Electrical connector (1) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by the fact thatthe contact receptacles are designed as elongated channels (18) which extend at least partially through the contact carrier (3) starting from one end (19) of the contact carrier (3), so that the contact elements (5, 6) can be mounted in the plug-in direction (S) and / or against the plug-in direction (S) starting from said end (19) of the electrical connector (1).

6. Electrical connector (1) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by the fact that the contact receptacles are designed as grooves (22) which run along an outer shell (23) of the contact carrier (3); and / or along an inner shell (24) of a contact carrier (3) that is at least partially hollow, so that the contact elements (5, 6) can be mounted laterally from the outside and / or inside in the grooves (22) of the contact carrier (3) with respect to the insertion direction (S).

7. Electrical connector (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact thatthe contact elements (5, 6, 35) are each formed in one piece, preferably as respective stamped and bent parts.

8. Electrical connector (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the contact elements (5, 6, 35) of a common contact element assembly (4) contact each other forcefully.

9. Electrical connector (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact thatThe contact element assembly (4) comprises exclusively the first contact element (5) and the second contact element (6), wherein the first contact element (5) preferably a) contacts the second contact element (6) against an elastic restoring force, and in particular has a spring tab attached on one or both sides; or b) contacts the second contact element (6) externally in a pincer-like manner; or c) is inserted into a contact receptacle (31) of the second contact element (6) and the second contact element (6) contacts itself internally in the contact receptacle (31); or d) has a contact receptacle (31) which is contacted internally by the second contact element (6) inserted into the contact receptacle (31).

10. Electrical connector (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact thatthe contact element assembly (4) has at least one third contact element (35) which is designed as a contact bridge, wherein the third contact element (35) electrically and mechanically contacts the first contact element (5) and the second contact element (6) respectively, in order to indirectly connect the first contact element (5) and the second contact element (6) electrically to each other.

11. Electrical connector (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by at least one first mechanical interface (14) for connection with a corresponding counterpart interface of the mating connector (2), into which the at least one contact element (5, 6) for contacting with the corresponding counter-contact element (12) of the mating connector (2) extends.

12. Electrical connector (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by the fact thatIn the connection area (8) of the contact elements (5, 6) at least one connection means for electrical and mechanical contacting with the respective electrical conductor (7) is arranged, preferably for a positive locking and / or material locking connection, particularly preferably a crimp section (9) for a crimp connection with the at least one electrical conductor (7).

13. Electrical connecting element (15) of an electrical network topology (11), preferably of a bus system, comprising a first electrical connector (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, and at least one electrical conductor (7) connected to at least one of the contact elements (5, 6) of the first electrical connector (1).

14. Electrical connecting element (15) according to claim 13, characterized bya second electrical connector (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein at least one of the electrical conductors (7) connected to the first electrical connector (1) is connected to at least one of the contact elements (5, 6) of the second electrical connector (1).

15. Electrical network topology (11), in particular bus system, comprising at least two interconnected electrical connectors (15) according to claim 14 or 15 and at least two mating electrical connectors (2) connected to one of the respective electrical connectors (1) for connection to at least two electrical participants (10) of the network topology (11).

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