Operating mechanism and switching apparatus

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of low-voltage apparatuses, in particular to an operating mechanism and a switching device including the operating mechanism. In the operating mechanism, a spindle is arranged to rotate around a center line o-o so as to be switched among a first position, an intermediate position and a second position; a connecting rod is used for driving a moving contact structure to rotate so as to be connected with and disconnected from a static contact structure, and is arranged to rotate around the center line o-o so as to be switched between a third position and a fourth position; when the operating mechanism is in a closed state / open state, the spindle is at the first position / second position and the connecting rod is at the third position / fourth position; the spindle is driven by an external force to rotate toward the intermediate position, so that an energy storage structure stores energy, and the connecting rod remains stationary; and after the spindle rotates through the intermediate position, the energy storage structure releases energy to drive the spindle and the connecting rod to rotate in opposite directions. The operating mechanism has a simple structure, and a rotation angle of the connecting rod is increased. The switching device applies the operating mechanism to improve the electrical performances and reduce the overall size.

Description

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202310563358.4 filed on May 18, 2023, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of low-voltage electrical appliances, and more particularly, to an operating mechanism and a switching device including the operating mechanism.BACKGROUND

[0003] A switching device for being connected with or disconnected from a circuit includes an operating mechanism and at least one conductive device, wherein the operating mechanism is connected with a moving contact structure of the conductive device in a transmission manner, and drives the moving contact structure to rotate so as to be connected with and disconnected from a static contact structure. The electrical performances of the switching device are closely related to an opening distance after the moving contact structure is disconnected from the static contact structure. In an operating mechanism of the existing switching device, one end of an energy storage spring is fixed, and the other end of the energy storage spring is a movable end, which is connected with a spindle to complete energy storage and energy release. When the energy storage spring releases energy, the spindle is driven to rotate, and the spindle drives a moving contact structure to rotate through an output shaft. In this way, a rotation angle of the output shaft is limited, so an opening distance after the moving contact structure is disconnected from a static contact structure cannot be further increased, thereby affecting the improvement of the electrical performances of the switching device and increasing the overall occupied space.SUMMARY

[0004] An object of the present invention is to overcome at least one defect of the prior art, and to provide an operating mechanism and a switching device including the operating mechanism. This operating mechanism has a simple structure, increases a rotation angle of a connecting rod, and when applied to the switching device, it can improve the electrical performances of the switching device, and also reduce the overall size of the switching device.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows: An operating mechanism, the operating mechanism comprising a spindle, a connecting rod and an energy storage structure, wherein the operating mechanism has a closed state and an open state, and the connecting rod is used for driving a moving contact structure to rotate so as to be connected with and disconnected from a static contact structure; the spindle has a first position, an intermediate position and a second position which are arranged in sequence, and is arranged to rotate around a center line o-o so as to be switched among the first position, the intermediate position and the second position; the connecting rod has a third position and a fourth position, and is arranged to rotate around the center line o-o so as to be switched between the third position and the fourth position; when the operating mechanism is in the closed state, the spindle is at the first position and the connecting rod is at the third position; when the operating mechanism is in the open state, the spindle is at the second position and the connecting rod is at the fourth position; and the spindle is driven by an external force to rotate toward the intermediate position, so that the energy storage structure stores energy, and the connecting rod remains stationary; and after the spindle rotates through the intermediate position, the energy storage structure releases energy to drive the spindle and the connecting rod to rotate in opposite directions.

[0006] Further, the operating mechanism further comprises a housing; the spindle is in limiting fit with the housing respectively at the first position and the second position so as to limit a rotation stroke of the spindle; and the connecting rod is in limiting fit with the housing respectively at the third position and the fourth position so as to limit a rotation stroke of the connecting rod.

[0007] Further, the center line o-o coincides with a rotation axis of the spindle; and when the operating mechanism is in both the closed state and the open state, the spindle is in limiting fit with the connecting rod to prevent the spindle from rotating relative to the connecting rod.

[0008] Further, the spindle comprises a spindle shaft body and a positioning protrusion; the positioning protrusion is arranged on a circumferential sidewall of the spindle shaft body; the housing comprises a housing spindle shaft hole; the spindle shaft body is rotatably inserted into the housing spindle shaft hole; an inner sidewall of the housing spindle shaft hole is provided with a positioning groove that is communicated with the housing spindle shaft hole; the positioning protrusion is arranged to swing in the positioning groove; the positioning protrusion is in limiting fit with a pair of sidewalls of the positioning groove respectively so as to position the spindle respectively at the first position and the second position.

[0009] Further, the connecting rod comprises an upper crossbeam; the center line o-o and the upper crossbeam intersect perpendicularly and are arranged in a cross shape; and the upper crossbeam is in limiting fit with a pair of sidewalls of the housing so as to position the connecting rod respectively at the third position and the fourth position.

[0010] Further, the spindle comprises the spindle shaft body and a matching protrusion, the matching protrusion being arranged on a circumferential sidewall of the spindle shaft body; the connecting rod comprises a lower crossbeam; the center line o-o and the lower crossbeam are perpendicularly intersected and arranged in a cross shape; the lower crossbeam is provided with a lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole, a first limiting protrusion and a second limiting protrusion; one end of the first limiting protrusion and one end of the second limiting protrusion are respectively arranged on a side surface of the lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole, and the other end of the first limiting protrusion and the other end of the second limiting protrusion protrude toward the middle of the lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole; the spindle shaft body is inserted into the lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole; the matching protrusion is arranged to swing between the first limiting protrusion and the second limiting protrusion and is in limiting fit with the first limiting protrusion and the second limiting protrusion, respectively.

[0011] Further, the energy storage structure is arranged between the spindle and the connecting rod and is connected with the spindle and the connecting rod in a transmission manner, respectively.

[0012] Further, the energy storage structure comprises at least one energy storage spring, and both ends of the energy storage spring are connected with the spindle and the connecting rod in a transmission connection manner, respectively; the energy storage spring has a dead point position; and the spindle rotates to the intermediate position, such that the energy storage spring operates to the dead point position and stores energy to a maximum value.

[0013] Further, the energy storage spring is a linear compression spring; and when the energy storage spring is at the dead point position, both ends of the linear compression spring are coplanar with the center line o-o.

[0014] Further, the energy storage structure comprises two energy storage springs, which are a first spring and a second spring, respectively; the first spring and the second spring are arranged symmetrically on both radial sides of the spindle.

[0015] Further, the connecting rod comprises two connecting rod columns, which are respectively located on both radial sides of the spindle; the spindle comprises two spindle spring mounting portions, which are respectively arranged on both radial sides of the spindle; and the two energy storage springs are respectively arranged on both sides of the spindle, and both ends of each energy storage spring are rotatably connected with the corresponding connecting rod column and the spindle spring mounting portion, respectively.

[0016] Further, when the spindle is switched between the first position and the second position, a rotation angle is 90°; when the connecting rod is switched between the third position and the fourth position, the rotation angle is 45°-49°.

[0017] Further, when the spindle rotates from the first position and the second position to the intermediate position, the rotation angle is 66°-70°.

[0018] Further, the operating mechanism further comprises a turntable arranged around a center line p-p; the turntable is used for being connected with the moving contact structure in a transmission manner so as to be connected with and disconnected from the static contact structure; the center line p-p and the center line o-o are perpendicularly intersected; and the connecting rod is provided with a connecting-rod gear, and an axis of the connecting-rod gear coincides with the center line o-o; the turntable is provided with a turntable gear, and an axis of the turntable gear coincides with the center line p-p; and the connecting-rod gear and the turntable gear are both bevel gears and are in meshing engagement with each other.

[0019] Further, the connecting rod also comprises a shaft cylinder; a shaft cylinder spindle hole is formed in the middle of the shaft cylinder; the spindle is rotatably inserted into the shaft cylinder spindle hole; two groups of turntables are arranged on both radial sides of the shaft cylinder, respectively; two groups of connecting-rod gears are arranged on the shaft cylinder; the two groups of connecting-rod gears are meshed with the two groups of turntable gears and drive the two groups of turntables to rotate synchronously in the same direction.

[0020] Further, the two groups of connecting-rod gears are arranged at intervals on the shaft cylinder along an extension direction of the center line o-o; among the two groups of connecting-rod gears, a top cone apex of each group of connecting-rod gears is offset toward a side where the other group of connecting-rod gears is located along the extension direction of the center line o-o.

[0021] Further, the operating mechanism further comprises a housing; the housing comprises a turntable shaft hole formed on a sidewall of the housing; and the turntable is rotatably arranged in the turntable shaft hole.

[0022] Further, the housing also includes an arc-shaped turntable enclosure. The arc-shaped turntable enclosure is arranged around the turntable along a circumferential direction of the turntable, and an inner diameter of the arc-shaped turntable enclosure is matched with the outer diameter of the turntable.

[0023] Further, the spindle comprises a spindle shaft body, a positioning protrusion, a matching protrusion and a spindle spring mounting portion; and the spindle spring mounting portion, the matching protrusion and the positioning protrusion are sequentially arranged on a circumferential sidewall of the spindle shaft body along the extension direction of the center line o-o; the connecting rod comprises a shaft cylinder, an upper crossbeam, connecting rod columns and a lower crossbeam which are sequentially connected along the extension direction of the center line o-o; both ends of the lower crossbeam and both ends of the upper crossbeam are each connected via a group of connecting rod columns to form a rectangular-frame structure; the upper crossbeam is provided with an upper beam shaft hole through which the spindle passes; the lower crossbeam and the center line o-o are perpendicularly intersected and arranged in a cross shape; the lower crossbeam is provided with a lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole, a first limiting protrusion and a second limiting protrusion; one end of the first limiting protrusion and one end of the second limiting protrusion are respectively arranged on a side surface of the lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole, and the other end of the first limiting protrusion and the other end of the second limiting protrusion protrude toward the middle of the lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole; the spindle shaft body is inserted into the lower crossbeam spindle hole; the matching protrusion is arranged to swing between the first limiting protrusion and the second limiting protrusion and is in limiting fit with the first limiting protrusion and the second limiting protrusion, respectively; the two energy storage springs of the energy storage structure are located between the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam and are respectively arranged on both radial sides of the spindle; one ends of the two energy storage springs are in transmission fit with both radial sides of the spindle, and the other ends of the two energy storage springs are in transmission fit with the two connecting rod columns; and the two groups of connecting-rod gears on the shaft cylinder are in meshing engagement with the turntable gears of the two groups of turntables to drive the two groups of turntables to rotate synchronously in the same direction; and the two groups of turntables are arranged on both radial sides of the spindle.

[0024] Further, the operating mechanism further comprises a housing; the housing comprises a mounting plate, a housing bottom wall and two housing sidewalls; the two housing sidewalls are opposite and have one ends respectively connected with the housing bottom wall in a bending manner, and the other ends respectively connected with the mounting plate in a bending manner; and the mounting plate and the housing bottom wall are spaced face to face; and the spindle, the connecting rod, the turntables, and the energy storage structure are all located between the two housing sidewalls; the two turntables are arranged face to face between the two housing sidewalls, and the spindle and the connecting rod are arranged between the two turntables; the mounting plate, the shaft cylinder, the upper crossbeam, the connecting rod columns, the lower crossbeam and the housing bottom wall are sequentially arranged along the extension direction of the center line o-o.

[0025] A switching device, the switching device comprising the operating mechanism as above.

[0026] According to the present invention, the operating mechanism has a simple structure. When the operating mechanism is switched between the closed state and the open state, the spindle drives the energy storage structure to store energy first. After the spindle rotates through the intermediate position, the energy storage structure releases energy and drives the spindle and the connecting rod to rotate in opposite directions to implement position switching respectively, which can achieve rapid disconnection and connection of the moving contact structure and the static contact structure, and eliminate or significantly reduce the possibility of arcing when the moving contact structure is connected with and disconnected from the static contact structure. Compared with the existing mode of driving the output shaft through the spindle, the rotation angle of the connecting rod of the operating mechanism can be significantly increased within a limited space, thereby expanding a swing angle of the moving contact structure that is in transmission fit with the connecting rod, increasing the opening distance, and achieving good action performance. Therefore, the operating mechanism has a more compact structure and smaller volume.

[0027] In addition, both ends of the energy storage spring of the energy storage structure are movable compared with an energy storage spring in the prior art whose one end is fixedly arranged. Therefore, under the condition of the same space size, the rotation angle of the connecting rod is greatly increased, thereby increasing the rotation angle of the moving contact structure that is in transmission fit with the connecting rod, that is, increasing the opening distance after the moving contact structure is disconnected from the static contact structure, and improving the disconnection performance. In addition, the energy storage structure has a simpler structure and fewer components and parts, and is conducive to simplifying the assembly operation and reducing the production cost.

[0028] In addition, the two groups of turntables are arranged to rotate synchronously in the same direction, so that the conductive devices arranged on both sides of the operating mechanism can be connected with the operating mechanism in a driving manner by adopting the same structure, which is conducive to simplifying the types of components and parts of the switching device, reducing the production costs, and simplifying the assembly operations.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] FIG. 1 is an exploded view of an operating mechanism of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the operating mechanism of the present invention, in which a housing is removed compared to FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a connecting rod in the present invention; FIG. 4 is a projection view of the connecting rod in the present invention; FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a spindle in the present invention; FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a turntable in the present invention; FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a left half housing in the present invention; FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a right half housing in the present invention; FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage spring in the present invention; FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the operating mechanism of the present invention, in which the operating mechanism is switched from an open state to a closed state, and an energy storage structure completes an energy storage and energy release process once; and FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the operating mechanism of the present invention, in which the operating mechanism is switched from the closed state to the open state, and the energy storage structure completes the energy storage and energy release process once. Reference symbols represent the following components:

[0030] 1-housing; 1-1-left half housing; 1-2-right half housing; 1-10-left sidewall; 1-11-left half bottom wall; 1-20-right sidewall; 1-21-right half bottom wall; 1-31-left half hole; 1-32-right half hole; 1-la-first positioning stop block; 1-2a-second positioning stop block; 1-1b-left turntable shaft hole; 1-10b-turntable shaft hole outer section; 1-11b-turntable shaft hole inner section; 1-2b-right turntable shaft hole; 1-10c-left sidewall first limiting oblique stop surface; 1-11c-left sidewall second limiting oblique stop surface; 1-20c-right sidewall first limiting oblique stop surface; 1-21c-right sidewall second limiting oblique stop surface; 1-1d-arc-shaped turntable enclosure; 1-1e-left half mounting plate; 1-2e-right half mounting plate; 1-10e-left half mounting plate spindle hole; 1-20e-right half mounting plate spindle hole; 2-housing cover; 3-spindle; 3-0-spindle shaft body; 3-1-spindle spring mounting portion; 3a-first spindle spring limiting groove; 3b-second spindle spring limiting groove; 3c-first matching protrusion; 3d-second matching protrusion; 3e-first positioning protrusion; 3f-second positioning protrusion; 4-connecting rod; 4-0-lower crossbeam; 4-00-lower crossbeam spindle hole; 4-1-connecting rod column; 4-2-upper crossbeam; 4-20-upper crossbeam spindle hole; 4-4-shaft cylinder; 4-40-shaft cylinder spindle hole; 4a-first connecting rod spring mounting structure; 4b-second connecting rod spring mounting structure; 4-1d-first limiting protrusion; 4-2d-second limiting protrusion; 5-turntable; 5-0-small-diameter section; 5-1-large-diameter section; 5-2-turntable matching portion; 5-3-turntable gear; 5a-left turntable; 5b-right turntable; and 6-energy storage structure; 6-0-first spring arm; 6-1-second spring arm; 6a-first spring; and 6b-second spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The specific implementation of a switching device of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments given in accompanying drawings. The switching device of the present invention is not limited to the description of the following embodiments.

[0032] The following is an embodiment of a switching device of the present invention. The switching device of the present embodiment is preferably a rotary isolation switch.

[0033] As shown in FIG. 1, the switching device of the present embodiment includes an operating mechanism and at least one group of conductive devices (not shown). Each conductive device includes a device housing and a contact system arranged in the device housing. The contact system includes a moving contact structure that is arranged rotatably, and a static contact structure used in conjunction with the moving contact structure. The operating mechanism is connected with the moving contact structure in a transmission manner, and drives a moving contact to rotate so as to be connected with and disconnected from the corresponding static contact structure. The conductive devices and the operating mechanism are stacked along the direction of a rotating shaft of the moving contact structure. Further, the switching device of the present embodiment includes a plurality of groups of conductive devices, which are arranged on one side of the operating mechanism or distributed on both sides of the operating mechanism. In the switching device of the present embodiment, the plurality of conductive devices are distributed on both sides of the operating mechanism. A connection mode between the operating mechanism and the moving contact structures of the conductive devices will be explained later.

[0034] As shown in FIGs. 1-9, an embodiment of the operating mechanism is shown.

[0035] As shown in FIGs. 1-2, the operating mechanism of the present embodiment includes a spindle 3, a connecting rod 4, and an energy storage structure 6. The operating mechanism has a closed state and an open state, which correspond to a connected state (in this state, the moving contact structure is in contact and closed with the static contact structure) and a disconnected state (in this state, the moving contact structure is disconnected from the static contact structure) of the corresponding conductive device. The spindle 3 is used for receiving an external force to drive the energy storage structure 6 to store energy first and then release energy. When the energy storage structure 6 releases energy, the connecting rod 4 is driven to rotate, and the moving contact structure is driven to move into contact with and separate from the static contact structure, so that the operating mechanism is switched between the closed state and the open state. The spindle 3 has a first position, an intermediate position and a second position that are arranged in sequence, and is arranged to rotate around a center line o-o to be switched among the first position, the intermediate position and the second position. That is, the spindle 3 may rotate to be switched among the first position, the intermediate position and the second position in sequence, the spindle 3 may rotate to be switched from the first position through the intermediate position to the second position, and the spindle 3 may also be switched from the second position through the intermediate position to the first position. The connecting rod 4 has a third position and a fourth position, and is arranged to rotate around the center line o-o so as to be switched between the third position and the fourth position. That is, the connecting rod 4 rotates around the center line o-o to be switched between the third position and the fourth position, and the connecting rod 4 may rotate from the third position to the fourth position, or may rotate from the fourth position to the third position. The spindle 3 and the connecting rod 4 both rotate around the center line o-o, that is, are arranged to rotate coaxially. The connecting rod 4 is used for being in transmission fit with the moving contact structure, such that the moving contact structure rotates to be connected with and disconnected from the static contact structure. That is, the connecting rod 4 drives the moving contact structure to rotate so as to be connected with and disconnected from the static contact structure. When the operating mechanism is in the closed state, the spindle 3 is at the first position and the connecting rod 4 is at the third position. When the operating mechanism is in the open state, the spindle 3 is at the second position and the connecting rod 4 is at the fourth position. The spindle 3 is driven by an external force and rotates toward the intermediate position, so that the energy storage structure 6 stores energy and the connecting rod 4 remains stationary. After the spindle 3 rotates through the intermediate position, the energy storage structure 6 releases energy and drives the spindle 3 and the connecting rod 4 to rotate in opposite directions. That is, when the operating mechanism is in the closed state, the energy storage structure 6 keeps the spindle 3 at the first position and the connecting rod 4 at the third position, the spindle 3 is driven by an external force to rotate from the first position to the intermediate position along a first direction, such that the energy storage structure 6 stores energy and the connecting rod 4 is kept at the third position, and after the spindle 3 rotates through the intermediate position, the energy storage structure 6 releases energy and drives the spindle 3 to rotate to the second position, while the energy storage structure 6 drives the connecting rod 4 to rotate from the third position to the fourth position along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction are opposite to each other; or, when the operating mechanism is in the open state, the energy storage structure 6 keeps the spindle 3 at the second position and the connecting rod 4 at the fourth position, the spindle 3 is driven by an external force to rotate from the second position to the intermediate position along the second direction, such that the energy storage structure 6 stores energy and the connecting rod 4 is kept at the fourth position, and after the spindle 3 rotates through the intermediate position, the energy storage structure 6 releases energy and drives the spindle 3 to rotate to the first position, while the energy storage structure 6 drives the connecting rod 4 to rotate from the fourth position to the third position along the first direction. The energy storage structure 6 releases energy to drive the spindle 3 and the connecting rod 4 to rotate simultaneously in opposite directions, which can significantly increase a rotation angle of the connecting rod 4 and thereby increase a swing angle of the moving contact structure that is in transmission fit with the connecting rod.

[0036] According to the operating mechanism of the present embodiment, the operating mechanism has a simple structure. When the operating mechanism is switched between the closed state and the open state, the spindle 3 drives the energy storage structure 6 to store energy first. After the spindle 3 rotates through the intermediate position, the energy storage structure 6 releases energy and drives the spindle 3 and the connecting rod 4 to rotate in opposite directions to implement position switching respectively, which can achieve rapid disconnection and connection of the moving contact structure and the static contact structure. Compared with the existing mode of driving the output shaft through the spindle, the rotation angle of the connecting rod 4 of the operating mechanism can be significantly increased within a limited space, thereby increasing a swing angle of the moving contact structure that is in transmission fit with the connecting rod, increasing the opening distance, and achieving good action performance. Thus, the operating mechanism has a more compact structure and smaller volume. It should be noted that the spindle 3 and the energy storage structure 6 can be driven directly or indirectly, and the energy storage structure 6 and the connecting rod 4 can be driven directly or indirectly. Preferably, the spindle 3 is in transmission fit with the energy storage structure 6 directly, and the energy storage structure 6 is in transmission fit with the connecting rod 4 directly.

[0037] As shown in FIGs. 1-2, a rotating axis of the spindle 3 coincides with the center line o-o. That is, the rotation axis of the spindle 3 coincides with a rotation axis of the connecting rod 4, and the spindle 3 and the connecting rod 4 are both arranged to rotate around the center line o-o as an axis.

[0038] In conjunction with FIGs. 1-8, the operating mechanism of the present embodiment further includes a housing 1. The spindle 3 is in limiting fit with the housing 1 respectively at the first position and the second position so as to limit a rotation stroke of the spindle 3, that is, to limit the rotation angle of the spindle 3 for one complete switching between the first position and the second position. The connecting rod 4 is in limiting fit with the housing 1 respectively at the third position and the fourth position so as to limit a rotation stroke of the connecting rod 4, that is, a rotation angle of the connecting rod 4 that has completed once switching between the third position and the fourth position is limited. Further, when the operating mechanism is in the closed state and the open state, the spindle 3 is in limiting fit with the connecting rod 4 to prevent the spindle 3 from rotating relative to the connecting rod 4. That is, when the operating mechanism is in the closed state, the spindle 3 is at the first position, the connecting rod 4 is at the third position, and the spindle 3 is in limiting fit with the connecting rod 4 to prevent the two rotate relatively in opposite directions; and when the operating mechanism is in the open state, the spindle 3 is at the second position, the connecting rod 4 is at the fourth position, and the spindle 3 is in limiting fit with the connecting rod 4 to prevent the spindle 3 from rotating relative to the connecting rod 4 in opposite directions. It should be noted that the housing 1 is an independent housing structure; or the housing 1 refers to a set of structures for mounting the spindle 3 and the connecting rod 4. The structure set includes a plurality of discrete structures, including a structure for implementing rotational mounting of the spindle 3 and the connecting rod 4, a structure for defining a rotation stroke of the spindle 3 between the first position and the second position, and a structure for defining a swing stroke of the connecting rod 4 between the third position and the fourth position. The specific connection mode of the spindle 3, the connecting rod 4 and the housing 1 will be described later.

[0039] When the spindle 3 is switched between the first position and the second position, a rotation angle is 90°; and when the connecting rod 4 is switched between the third position and the fourth position, the rotation angle is 45°-49° (preferably, 47°). Further, when the spindle 3 rotates from the first position and the second position to the intermediate position, the rotation angle is 66°-70° (preferably, 68.5°).

[0040] As shown in FIGs. 1-2, the operating mechanism of the present embodiment further includes a turntable 5 arranged to rotate around a center line p-p. The turntable 5 is connected with the connecting rod 4 and the moving contact structure in a transmission manner, such that the moving contact structure is driven to rotate so as to be connected with and disconnected from the static contact structure. The center line p-p and the center line o-o are perpendicularly intersected. Further, one end of the turntable 5 is connected with the connecting rod 4 in a transmission manner, and the other end of the turntable 5 is connected with the moving contact structure in a transmission manner. Further, a turntable transmission groove that is arranged around the same rotating shaft as the turntable 5 is arranged at one end of the turntable 5. The turntable transmission groove is in pluggable limiting fit with one end of a transmission shaft, so that the transmission shaft and the turntable 5 rotate coaxially and synchronously; and the other end of the transmission shaft is connected with the moving contact structure in a transmission manner, such that the turntable 5, the transmission shaft and the moving contact structure rotate coaxially and synchronously, thereby driving the moving contact structure to be connected with and disconnected from the static contact structure, thus enabling the switching device to close and open.

[0041] As shown in FIGs. 1-2, and 10-11, an implementation mode of the energy storage structure 6 is shown: the energy storage structure 6 is arranged between the spindle 3 and the connecting rod 4 and is connected with the spindle 3 and the connecting rod 4 respectively in a transmission manner; when the spindle 3 rotates from the first position and the second position to the intermediate position, the spindle 3 cooperates with the connecting rod 4 to implement the energy storage of the energy storage structure 6; and after the spindle 3 rotates through the intermediate position, the energy storage structure 6 releases energy to drive the spindle 3 and the connecting rod 4 to rotate to in opposite directions to the corresponding working position. Further, the energy storage structure 6 includes at least one energy storage spring, and both ends of the energy storage spring are connected with the spindle 3 and the connecting rod 4 in a transmission manner, respectively. The energy storage spring has a dead point position. The spindle 3 rotates (from the first position or the second position) to the intermediate position, such that the energy storage spring operates to the dead point position and stores energy to a maximum value. That is, the intermediate position of the spindle 3 corresponds to the dead point position of the energy storage spring. As can be seen from FIGs. 10-11, the energy storage spring is switched from one energy release state to another energy release state (the two energy release states correspond to the closed state and the open state of the operating mechanism, respectively) via the energy storage state, and both ends of the energy storage spring may shift. Both ends of the energy storage spring of the energy storage structure 6 are movable compared with an energy storage spring in the prior art whose one end is fixedly arranged. Therefore, under the condition of the same space size, the rotation angle of the connecting rod 4 is greatly increased, thereby increasing the rotation angle of the moving contact structure that is in transmission fit with the connecting rod 4, that is, increasing the opening distance after the moving contact structure is disconnected from the static contact structure, and improving the disconnection performance. In addition, the energy storage structure 6 has a simpler structure and fewer parts, and is conducive to simplifying the assembly operation and reducing the production cost.

[0042] Further, as shown in FIGs. 1-2, the energy storage spring is a linear compression spring. When the energy storage spring is at the dead point position, both ends of the linear compression spring are coplanar with the center line o-o. A geometric axis of the linear compression spring is arranged in a cross with the center line o-o. Further, both ends of the linear compression spring are rotatably connected with the spindle 3 and the connecting rod 4, respectively. Rotation axes at both ends of the linear compression spring are spaced parallel to the center line o-o. When the energy storage spring is at the dead point position, the rotation axes at both ends of the linear compression spring are coplanar with the center line o-o, and the linear compression spring stores energy to a maximum value.

[0043] Further, as shown in FIGs. 1-3, and 5, the energy storage structure 6 includes two energy storage springs. The two energy storage springs are a first spring 6a and a second spring 6b which are arranged symmetrically on both radial sides of the spindle 3. Further, the connecting rod 4 includes two connecting rod columns 4-1, which are respectively located on both radial sides of the spindle 3. The spindle 3 includes two spindle spring mounting portions 3-1, which are respectively arranged on both radial sides of the spindle 3. The two energy storage springs, namely, the first spring 6a and the second spring 6b, are respectively arranged on both radial sides of the spindle 3. Both ends of each energy storage spring are rotatably connected with the corresponding connecting rod column 4-1 and the spindle spring mounting portion 3-1, respectively. Further, the connecting rod 4 further includes two connecting rod spring mounting structures. One connecting rod spring mounting structure is arranged on each side of the two connecting rod columns 4-1 facing the spindle 3. The two connecting rod spring mounting structures are a first connecting rod spring mounting structure 4a and a second connecting rod spring mounting structure 4b respectively, and each connecting rod spring mounting structure is provided with a connecting rod spring limiting groove. The two spindle spring mounting portions 3-1 are a first spindle spring mounting portion and a second spindle spring mounting portion, respectively. The first spindle spring mounting portion is provided with a first spindle spring limiting groove 3a. The second spindle spring mounting portion is provided with a second spindle spring limiting groove 3b. The energy storage spring includes a first spring arm 6-0 and a second spring arm 6-1 which are arranged at both ends of the energy storage spring, respectively. The first spring arm 6-0 and the second spring arm 6-1 are arranged parallel to the center line o-o. The first spring 6a is located between the first connecting rod spring mounting structure 4a and the first spindle spring mounting portion. The first spring arm 6-0 of the first spring 6a is rotatably arranged in the first spindle spring limiting groove 3a. The second spring arm 6-1 is rotatably arranged in the first connecting rod spring limiting groove. The second spring 6b is located between the second connecting rod spring mounting structure 4b and the second spindle spring mounting portion. The first spring arm 6-0 of the second spring 6b is rotatably arranged in the second spindle spring limiting groove 3b. The second spring arm 6-1 is rotatably arranged in the second connecting rod spring limiting groove.

[0044] Specifically, one end of the energy storage spring that is rotatably connected with the spindle 3 is denoted as a spring inner end, and one end of the energy storage spring that is connected with the connecting rod column 4-1 is denoted as a spring outer end. As shown in FIG. 10, when the operating mechanism is in an open state as shown in (a), the connecting rod 4 is at the fourth position and remains stationary together with the spring outer end, the spindle 3 rotates from the second position to the first position in a clockwise direction and drives the spring inner end to rotate simultaneously, and the energy storage spring rotates counterclockwise with the spring outer end as a fulcrum. When the spindle 3 and the energy storage spring rotate to a state as shown in (b), the spindle 3 reaches the intermediate position, and the energy storage spring reaches the dead point position and is compressed to the shortest to achieve maximum energy storage. The spindle 3 continues to rotate clockwise, rotates through the intermediate position and drives the energy storage spring to rotate through the dead point position. The energy storage spring releases energy to drive the spindle 3 to continue to rotate clockwise to the first position, and to drive the connecting rod 4 to rotate from the fourth position to the third position along the counterclockwise direction, and the operating mechanism is switched to a closed state as shown in (c). As shown in FIG. 11, when the operating mechanism is in a closed state as shown in (f), the connecting rod 4 is at the third position and remains stationary together with the spring outer end, the spindle 3 rotates from the first position to the second position in a counterclockwise direction and drives the spring inner end to rotate simultaneously, and the energy storage spring rotates clockwise with the spring outer end as a fulcrum. When the spindle 3 and the energy storage spring rotate to a state as shown in (e), the spindle 3 reaches the intermediate position, and the energy storage spring reaches the dead point position and is compressed to its shortest length to achieve maximum energy storage. The spindle 3 continues to rotate counterclockwise, rotates through the intermediate position and drives the energy storage spring to rotate through the dead point position. The energy storage spring releases energy to drive the spindle 3 to continue to rotate counterclockwise to the second position, and to drive the connecting rod 4 to rotate from the third position to the fourth position along the clockwise direction, and the operating mechanism is switched to an open state as shown in (d).

[0045] As shown in FIGs. 1, 5, and 7-8, the spindle 3 and the housing 1 are fitted in the following manner to limit the rotation stroke of the spindle 3: the housing 1 includes a left half housing 1-1 and a right half housing 1-2; the left half housing 1-1 and the right half housing 1-2 are spliced together face to face along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle 3. The spindle 3, the connecting rod 4, the turntable 5 and the energy storage structure 6 are all arranged in the housing 1. Further, the housing 1 includes a housing bottom wall and two housing sidewalls. The two housing sidewalls are arranged face to face and connected with the housing bottom wall in a bending manner, respectively, showing a U-shaped structure as a whole. Further, the two housing sidewalls of the housing 1 are a left sidewall 1-10 arranged on the left half housing 1-1 and a right sidewall 1-20 arranged on the right half housing 1-2, respectively. The housing bottom wall of the housing 1 includes a left half bottom wall 1-11 arranged on the left half housing 1-1 and a right half bottom wall 1-21 arranged on the right half housing 1-2, respectively. The left half bottom wall 1-11 and the right half bottom wall 1-21 are spliced together face to face to form the housing bottom wall. Further, the operating mechanism further includes a housing cover 2 that is used in conjunction with the housing 1. The housing cover 2 and the housing bottom wall are spaced face to face, and fitted with the ends of the two housing sidewalls away from the housing bottom wall, for blocking an operating end for the spindle 3 to be operated by an external force.

[0046] The spindle 3 includes a spindle shaft body 3-0 and a positioning protrusion. The positioning protrusion is arranged on a circumferential sidewall of the spindle shaft body 3-0. The housing 1 includes a housing spindle shaft hole. The spindle shaft body 3-0 is rotatably inserted into the housing spindle shaft hole. An inner sidewall of the housing spindle shaft hole is provided with a positioning groove that is communicated with the housing spindle shaft hole. The positioning protrusion is arranged to swing in the positioning groove. The positioning protrusion is in limiting fit with a pair of sidewalls of the positioning groove respectively so as to position the spindle 3 respectively at the first position and the second position, thereby achieving the limitation on the rotation stroke of the spindle 3. Further, the spindle 3 includes two groups of positioning protrusions which are respectively arranged on both radial sides of the spindle shaft body 3-0. The positioning protrusions are a first positioning protrusion 3e and a second positioning protrusion 3f, respectively. An inner sidewall of the housing spindle hole is provided with two positioning grooves, which are a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove located on both radial sides of the spindle shaft body 3-0. The first positioning protrusion 3e and the second positioning protrusion 3f are arranged to swing in the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove, respectively. The spindle 3 and the housing 1 are fitted with the positioning grooves through the two groups of positioning protrusions, so the positioning formed by the rotation of the spindle 3 is more reliable and stable. Further, the housing spindle hole is formed in the housing bottom wall.

[0047] Specifically, the housing spindle hole includes a left half hole 1-31 and a right half hole 1-32 which are respectively formed in the left half bottom wall 1-11 of the left half housing 1-1 and the right half bottom wall 1-21 of the right half housing 1-2. The first positioning groove includes a first left half positioning groove and a first right half positioning groove which are respectively formed in a sidewall of the left half hole 1-31 and a sidewall of the right half hole 1-32, and are spliced into the first positioning groove. The second positioning groove includes a second left half positioning groove and a second right half positioning groove which are respectively formed in the sidewall of the left half hole 1-31 and the sidewall of the right half hole 1-32, and are spliced into the second positioning groove. A first positioning stop block 1-1 a is formed between one end of the first positioning groove and one end of the second positioning groove. The first positioning stop block 1-1a is located in the left half hole 1-31. A second positioning stop block 1-2a is formed between the other end of the first positioning groove and the other end of the second positioning groove. The second positioning stop block 1-2a is located in the right half hole 1-32. A pair of side surfaces of the first positioning stop block 1-1 a are respectively located in the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove, and are a first left stop surface and a first right stop surface, respectively. A pair of side surfaces of the second positioning stop block 1-2a are respectively located in the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove, and are a second left stop surface and a second right stop surface, respectively. When the spindle 3 is located at the first position, the first positioning protrusion 3e and the second positioning protrusion 3f are in limiting fit with the first left stop surface and the second right stop surface, respectively. When the spindle 3 is located at the second position, the first positioning protrusion 3e and the second positioning protrusion 3f are in limiting fit with the first right stop surface and the second left stop surface, respectively.

[0048] As other embodiments, the spindle 3 may also be provided with only a group of positioning protrusions, and the housing 1 may only be provided with a group of positioning grooves.

[0049] As shown in FIGs. 1-4, and 7-8, the connecting rod 4 and the housing 1 are fitted in the following manner to limit the swing stroke of the connecting rod 4: the connecting rod 4 includes an upper crossbeam 4-2; the center line o-o and the upper crossbeam 4-2 intersect perpendicularly and are arranged in a cross shape; and the upper crossbeam 4-2 is in limiting fit with a pair of sidewalls of the housing 1 so as to position the connecting rod 4 respectively at the third position and the fourth position. That is, when the connecting rod 4 is at the third position and the fourth position, the upper crossbeam 4-2 is in limiting fit with a pair of sidewalls of the housing 1, respectively. Further, the two ends of the upper crossbeam 4-2 located on both sides of the center line o-o are an upper crossbeam first end and an upper crossbeam second end, respectively. When the connecting rod 4 is at the third position, the upper crossbeam first end is abutted against and in limiting fit with the left sidewall 1-10, and the upper crossbeam second end is abutted against and in limiting fit with the right sidewall 1-20. When the connecting rod 4 is at the fourth position, the upper crossbeam first end is abutted against and in limiting fit with the right sidewall 1-20, and the upper crossbeam second end is abutted against and in limiting fit with the left sidewall 1-10.

[0050] Specifically, the left sidewall 1-10 is provided with a left sidewall first limiting oblique stop surface 1-10c and a left sidewall second limiting oblique stop surface 1-11c, and a right sidewall 1-20 is provided with a right sidewall first limiting oblique stop surface 1-20c and a right sidewall second limiting oblique stop surface 1-21c. The upper crossbeam first end includes a first end left side surface and a first end right side surface, and the upper crossbeam second end includes a second end left side surface and a second end right side surface. When the connecting rod 4 is at the third position, the first end left side surface and the left sidewall first limiting oblique stop surface 1-10c mutually abut and limit each other, and the second end right side surface and the right sidewall first limiting oblique stop surface 1-20c are abutted against and limited each other. When the connecting rod 4 is at the fourth position, the first end right side surface and the left sidewall second limiting oblique stop surface 1-11c are abutted against and limited each other, and the second end left side surface and the right sidewall second limiting oblique stop surface 1-21c are abutted against and limited each other. Further, the left sidewall first limiting oblique stop surface 1-10c and the left sidewall second limiting oblique stop surface 1-11c are respectively located on two legs of an isosceles trapezoid, and an upper bottom of this isosceles trapezoidal is arranged close to connecting rod 4. The right sidewall first limiting oblique stop surface 1-20c and the right sidewall second limiting oblique stop surface 1-21c are respectively located on two legs of an isosceles trapezoid, and an top base of this isosceles trapezoid is arranged close to the connecting rod 4. The top bases of the two isosceles trapezoids are opposite each other and are respectively located on both sides of the connecting rod 4.

[0051] As shown in FIGs. 1, and 7-8, the housing 1 also includes a mounting plate which is spaced face to face from the housing bottom wall of the housing 1. The mounting plate is provided with a mounting plate spindle hole. The spindle shaft body 3-0 of the spindle 3 is rotatably inserted into the mounting plate spindle hole. The connecting rod 4 is located between the mounting plate and the housing bottom wall. Further, the mounting plate includes a left half mounting plate 1-1e arranged on the left half housing 1-1 and a right half mounting plate 1-2e arranged on the right half housing 1-2, and the left half mounting plate 1-1e and the right half mounting plate 1-2e are spliced face to face into the mounting plate. The mounting plate spindle hole includes a left half mounting plate spindle hole 1-10e formed in the left half mounting plate 1-1e and a right half mounting plate spindle hole 1-20e formed in the right half mounting plate 1-2e. The left half mounting plate spindle hole 1-10e and the right half mounting plate spindle hole 1-20e are spliced face to face into the mounting plate spindle hole. Both ends of the spindle 3 are constrained by the mounting plate spindle hole and the housing spindle hole to ensure stable and reliable rotation of the spindle 3, thereby ensuring the action performance of the operating mechanism. In addition, the connecting rod 4 is limited by the mounting plate and the housing bottom wall so as to limit the connecting rod from moving along the extension direction of the center line o-o.

[0052] As shown in FIGs. 1-5, when the operating mechanism is in the closed state and the open state, the spindle 3 and the connecting rod 4 are in limiting fit in the following manner: the spindle 3 further includes a matching protrusion, the matching protrusion being arranged on a circumferential sidewall of the spindle shaft body 3-0; the connecting rod 4 further includes a lower crossbeam 4-0; the center line o-o and the lower crossbeam 4-0 are perpendicularly intersected and arranged in a cross shape; the lower crossbeam 4-0 is provided with a lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole 4-00, a first limiting protrusion 4-1d and a second limiting protrusion 4-2d; one end of the first limiting protrusion 4-1d and one end of the second limiting protrusion 4-2d are respectively connected with a side surface of the lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole 4-00, and the other end of the first limiting protrusion 4-1d and the other end of the second limiting protrusion 4-2d protrude toward the middle of the lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole 4-00; the spindle shaft body 3-0 is inserted into the lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole 4-00; and the matching protrusion is arranged to swing between the first limiting protrusion 4-1d and the second limiting protrusion 4-2d and is in limiting fit with the first limiting protrusion 4-1d and the second limiting protrusion 4-2d, respectively. Further, the spindle 3 includes two groups of matching protrusions, which are a first matching protrusions 3c and a second matching protrusions 3d which are respectively arranged on both radial sides of the spindle shaft body 3-0. The free ends of the two matching protrusions are in sliding engagement with a sidewall of the lower crossbeam spindle hole 4-00, respectively. The free ends of the first limiting protrusion 4-1d and the second limiting protrusion 4-2d are in sliding engagement with a circumferential sidewall of the spindle shaft body 3-0, respectively. A pair of side surfaces of the first limiting protrusion 4-1d are a first limiting surface and a second limiting surface, respectively. A pair of side surfaces of the second limiting protrusion 4-2d are a third limiting surface and a fourth limiting surface, respectively. The first matching protrusion 3c is arranged to swing between the first limiting surface and the third limiting surface. The second matching protrusion 3d is arranged to swing between the second limiting surface and the fourth limiting surface.

[0053] As other embodiments, the sidewall of the lower crossbeam spindle hole 4-00 is provided with a matching groove that is communicated with the lower crossbeam spindle hole 4-00, and an inner diameter of the lower crossbeam spindle hole 4-00 matches with an outer diameter of the spindle shaft body 3-0. The spindle shaft body 3-0 is rotatably inserted into the lower crossbeam spindle hole 4-00. The matching protrusion is arranged to swing in the matching groove and is in limiting fit with a pair of sidewalls of the matching groove, respectively. That is, when the operating mechanism is in the closed state, the matching protrusion is in limiting fit with one sidewall of the matching groove; and when the operating mechanism is in the open state, the matching protrusion is in limiting fit with the other sidewall of the matching groove. Further, the spindle 3 includes two groups of matching protrusions. The two groups of matching protrusions are arranged on both radial sides of the spindle shaft body 3-0, respectively. The sidewall of the lower crossbeam spindle hole 4-00 is provided with two groups of matching grooves. The two groups of matching grooves are arranged on both radial sides of the spindle shaft body 3-0, respectively. The two groups of matching protrusions are arranged to swing in the two groups of matching grooves, respectively.

[0054] As shown in FIGs. 1-4, and 6-8, the turntable 5 is connected with the connecting rod 4 in a transmission manner in the following manner: the connecting rod 4 includes a connecting-rod gear, and an axis of the connecting-rod gear coincides with the center line o-o; the turntable 5 is provided with a turntable gear 5-3, and an axis of the turntable gear 5-3 coincides with the center line p-p; and the connecting-rod gear and the turntable gear are both bevel gears and are in meshing engagement with each other, thereby achieving synchronous rotation of the connecting rod 4 and the turntable 5. Further, the two groups of turntables 5 are arranged on both sides of the connecting rod 4 (the two groups of turntables 5 are preferably located on both radial sides of the spindle 3), respectively. The connecting rod 4 is provided with two groups of connecting-rod gears, which are in meshing engagement with the turntable gears 5-3 of the two groups of turntables 5, respectively. Further, the two groups of connecting-rod gears of the connecting rod 4 drive the two groups of turntables 5 to rotate synchronously in the same direction through the turntable gears 5-3 of the two groups of turntables 5. Further, the two groups of connecting-rod gears are arranged at intervals on the shaft cylinder 4-4 along the extension direction of the center line o-o. Among the two groups of connecting-rod gears, a top cone apex of each group of connecting-rod gears is offset to a side where the other group of connecting-rod gears is located relative to the group of connecting-rod gears along the extension direction of the center line o-o. The two groups of turntables 5 are arranged to rotate synchronously in the same direction, so that the conductive devices arranged on both sides of the operating mechanism can be connected with the operating mechanism in a driving manner by adopting the same structure, which is conducive to simplifying the types of components and parts of the switching device, reducing the production cost, and simplifying the assembly operation.

[0055] Specifically, as shown in FIGs. 1-4, the connecting rod 4 further includes a shaft cylinder 4-4 having a cylindrical structure. A shaft cylinder spindle hole 4-40 is formed in the middle of the shaft cylinder 4-4. The spindle 3 passes through the middle of the shaft cylinder spindle hole 4-40 and is rotatably arranged therein. One connecting-rod gear is provided at each axial end of the shaft cylinder 4-4, namely an upper connecting-rod gear 41c and a lower connecting-rod gear 42c. The upper connecting-rod gear 41c and the lower connecting-rod gear 42c are located on both radial sides of the shaft cylinder 4-4, respectively. The two groups of turntables 5 are a left turntable 5a and a right turntable 5b which are respectively arranged on both radial sides of the shaft cylinder 4-4. The upper connecting-rod gear 41c and the lower connecting-rod gear 42c are in meshing engagement with the turntable gears 5-3 of the two groups of turntables 5, respectively. Further, an avoidance gap is formed on both sides of the shaft cylinder 4-4 that face the two turntables 5, thereby reducing a spacing between the two turntables 5 in a radial direction of the shaft cylinder 4-4, and being conducive to reducing the overall size of the operating mechanism.

[0056] As shown in FIGs. 1-2, and 7-8, the housing 1 further includes a left turntable shaft hole 1-1b formed in the left sidewall 1-10 and a right turntable shaft hole 1-2b formed in the right sidewall 1-20. The left turntable 5a is rotatably arranged in the left turntable shaft hole 1-1b. The right turntable 5b is rotatably arranged in the right turntable shaft hole 1-2b. Further, the left turntable shaft hole 1-1b and the right turntable shaft hole 1-2b are symmetrically arranged, and both include a turntable shaft hole outer section 1-10b and a turntable shaft hole inner section 1-11b that are coaxially communicated. An inner diameter of the turntable shaft hole outer section 1-10b is smaller than that of the turntable shaft hole inner section 1-11b. The turntable shaft hole outer section 1-10b is arranged away from the connecting rod 4 relative to the turntable shaft hole inner section 1-11b. The turntable 5 includes a small-diameter section 5-0 and a large-diameter section 5-1 which are connected coaxially. An outer diameter of the small-diameter section 5-0 is smaller than that of the large-diameter section 5-1. The outer diameter of the small-diameter section 5-0 matches with the inner diameter of the turntable shaft hole outer section 1-10b. The outer diameter of the large-diameter section 5-1 is matched with the inner diameter of the turntable shaft hole inner section 1-11b and is greater than the inner diameter of the turntable shaft hole outer section 1-10b.

[0057] As shown in FIG. 6, the turntable 5 further includes a turntable matching portion 5-2. The small-diameter section 5-0, the large-diameter section 5-1 and the turntable matching portion 5-2 are connected in sequence. The turntable gear 5-3 is arranged on the turntable matching portion 5-2.

[0058] As shown in FIGs. 1 and 7, the housing 1 also includes an arc-shaped turntable enclosure 1-1d. The arc-shaped turntable enclosure 1-1d is arranged around the turntable 5 along a circumferential direction of the turntable 5, and an inner diameter of the arc-shaped turntable enclosure 1-1d is matched with the outer diameter of the turntable 5 to constrain the rotation of the turntable 5, thereby ensuring that the turntable 5 works reliably and stably. Further, the arc-shaped turntable enclosure 1-1d is arranged on the left half housing 1-1, and engages with the left turntable 5a and the right turntable 5b, respectively.

[0059] As shown in FIGs. 1-2, and 5, an embodiment of the spindle 3 is provided: the spindle 3 includes a spindle shaft body 3-0, positioning protrusions, matching protrusions and a spindle spring mounting portion 3-1; the spindle shaft body 3-0 is arranged to rotate around the center line o-o; and the spindle spring mounting portion 3-1, the matching protrusions and the positioning protrusions are sequentially arranged along the extension direction of the center line o-o. Further, the two groups of positioning protrusions, namely, the first positioning protrusions 3e and the second positioning protrusions 3f, are arranged face to face on both radial sides of the spindle shaft body 3-0. The two groups of matching protrusions, namely, the first matching protrusions 3c and the second matching protrusions 3d, are arranged face to face on both radial sides of the spindle shaft body 3-0. The two groups of spindle spring mounting portions 3-1 are arranged face to face on both radial sides of the spindle shaft body 3-0. Further, the matching protrusions and the positioning protrusions are staggered in a circumferential direction of the spindle shaft body 3-0.

[0060] As shown in FIGs. 1-4, an embodiment of the connecting rod 4 is provided: the connecting rod 4 includes a shaft cylinder 4-4, an upper crossbeam 4-2, connecting rod columns 4-1 and a lower crossbeam 4-0 which are sequentially connected along the extension direction of the center line o-o; both ends of the upper crossbeam 4-2 and both ends of the lower crossbeam 4-0 are each connected via a group of connecting rod columns 4-1 to form a rectangular-frame structure; and an upper crossbeam spindle hole 4-20 is formed in the middle of the upper crossbeam 4-2, and a lower crossbeam spindle hole 4-00 is formed in the middle of the lower crossbeam 4-0. Further, the connecting rod 4 further includes two connecting rod reinforcing wings 4-3. The connecting rod reinforcing wings 4-3 are connected with the shaft cylinder 4-4 and the upper crossbeam 4-2, respectively. The two connecting rod reinforcing wings 4-3 are respectively located on both radial sides of the shaft cylinder 4-4 and located between the two groups of turntables 5. The specific structures of the upper crossbeam 4-2, the connecting rod columns 4-1 and the lower crossbeam 4-0 are described above and not repeated here.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 1, a layout mode of the operating mechanism of the present embodiment is provided: the spindle 3, the connecting rod 4, the turntables 5, and the energy storage structure 6 are all located between the left sidewall 1-10 and the right sidewall 1-20 of the housing 1 (i.e., between two housing sidewalls of the housing 1); the two turntables 5 are arranged face to face between the left sidewall 1-10 and the right sidewall 1-20; the spindle 3 and the connecting rod 4 are arranged between the two turntables 5; the mounting plate of the housing 1, the shaft cylinder 4-4 of the connecting rod 4, the upper crossbeam 4-2 of the connecting rod 4, the connecting rod columns 4-1 of the connecting rod 4, the lower crossbeam 4-0 of the connecting rod 4 and the housing bottom wall of the housing 1 are sequentially arranged along the extension of the center line o-o; and the first spring 6a and the second spring 6b of the energy storage structure 6 are respectively located on both radial sides of the spindle 3 and between the two connecting rod columns 4-1, and are also located between the upper crossbeam 4-2 and the lower crossbeam 4-0. Further, the housing cover 2, the mounting plate and the housing bottom wall are arranged at intervals sequentially along the extension direction of the center line o-o.

[0062] It should be explained that, in the description of the present invention, the terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inner" and "outer" indicating the directional or positional relations on the basis of the directional or positional relations shown in the drawings are only used for conveniently describing the present invention and simplifying the description, not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation and be configured and operated in a specific direction; therefore, they cannot be construed as a limitation on the present invention.

[0063] The present invention has been further described in detail description of the present invention mentioned above in combination with specific preferred embodiments, but it is not deemed that the specific embodiments of the present invention is only limited to these descriptions. A person skilled in the art can also, without departing from the concept of the present invention, make several simple deductions or substitutions, which all be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An operating mechanism, the operating mechanism comprising a spindle (3), a connecting rod (4) and an energy storage structure (6), wherein the operating mechanism has a closed state and an open state, and the connecting rod (4) is used for driving a moving contact structure to rotate so as to be connected with and disconnected from a static contact structure; the spindle (3) has a first position, an intermediate position and a second position which are arranged in sequence, and is arranged to rotate around a center line o-o so as to be switched among the first position, the intermediate position and the second position; the connecting rod (4) has a third position and a fourth position, and is arranged to rotate around the center line o-o so as to be switched between the third position and the fourth position; when the operating mechanism is in the closed state, the spindle (3) is at the first position and the connecting rod (4) is at the third position; when the operating mechanism is in the open state, the spindle (3) is at the second position and the connecting rod (4) is at the fourth position; and the spindle (3) is driven by an external force to rotate toward the intermediate position, so that the energy storage structure (6) stores energy, and the connecting rod (4) remains stationary; and after the spindle (3) rotates through the intermediate position, the energy storage structure (6) releases energy to drive the spindle (3) and the connecting rod (4) to rotate in opposite directions.

2. The operating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the operating mechanism further comprises a housing (1); the spindle (3) is in limiting fit with the housing (1) respectively at the first position and the second position so as to limit a rotation stroke of the spindle (3); and the connecting rod (4) is in limiting fit with the housing (1) respectively at the third position and the fourth position so as to limit a rotation stroke of the connecting rod (4).

3. The operating mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the center line o-o coincides with a rotation axis of the spindle (3); and when the operating mechanism is in both the closed state and the open state, the spindle (3) is in limiting fit with the connecting rod (4) to prevent the spindle (3) from rotating relative to the connecting rod (4).

4. The operating mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the spindle (3) comprises a spindle shaft body (3-0) and a positioning protrusion; the positioning protrusion is arranged on a circumferential sidewall of the spindle shaft body (3-0); the housing (1) comprises a housing spindle shaft hole; the spindle shaft body (3-0) is rotatably inserted into the housing spindle shaft hole; an inner sidewall of the housing spindle shaft hole is provided with a positioning groove that is communicated with the housing spindle shaft hole; the positioning protrusion is arranged to swing in the positioning groove; the positioning protrusion is in limiting fit with a pair of sidewalls of the positioning groove respectively so as to position the spindle (3) respectively at the first position and the second position.

5. The operating mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the connecting rod (4) comprises an upper crossbeam (4-2); the center line o-o and the upper crossbeam (4-2) intersect perpendicularly and are arranged in a cross shape; and the upper crossbeam (4-2) is in limiting fit with a pair of sidewalls of the housing (1) so as to position the connecting rod (4) respectively at the third position and the fourth position.

6. The operating mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the spindle (3) comprises the spindle shaft body (3-0) and a matching protrusion, the matching protrusion being arranged on a circumferential sidewall of the spindle shaft body (3-0); the connecting rod (4) comprises a lower crossbeam (4-2); the center line o-o and the lower crossbeam (4-2) are perpendicularly intersected and arranged in a cross shape; the lower crossbeam (4-0) is provided with a lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole (4-00), a first limiting protrusion (4-1d) and a second limiting protrusion (4-2d); one end of the first limiting protrusion (4-1d) and one end of the second limiting protrusion (4-2d) are respectively arranged on a side surface of the lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole (4-00), and the other end of the first limiting protrusion (4-1d) and the other end of the second limiting protrusion (4-2d) protrude toward the middle of the lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole (4-00); the spindle shaft body (3-0) is inserted into the lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole (4-00); the matching protrusion is arranged to swing between the first limiting protrusion (4-1d) and the second limiting protrusion (4-2d) and is in limiting fit with the first limiting protrusion (4-1d) and the second limiting protrusion (4-2d), respectively.

7. The operating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage structure (6) is arranged between the spindle (3) and the connecting rod (4) and is connected with the spindle (3) and the connecting rod (4) in a transmission manner, respectively; and the energy storage structure (6) comprises at least one energy storage spring, and both ends of the energy storage spring are connected with the spindle (3) and the connecting rod (4) in a transmission connection manner, respectively; the energy storage spring has a dead point position; and the spindle (3) rotates to the intermediate position, such that the energy storage spring operates to the dead point position and stores energy to a maximum value.

8. The operating mechanism according to claim 7, wherein the energy storage spring is a linear compression spring; and when the energy storage spring is at the dead point position, both ends of the linear compression spring are coplanar with the center line o-o.

9. The operating mechanism according to claim 7, wherein the energy storage structure (6) comprises two energy storage springs, which are a first spring (6a) and a second spring (6b), respectively; the first spring (6a) and the second spring (6b) are arranged symmetrically on both radial sides of the spindle (3); the connecting rod (4) comprises two connecting rod columns (4-1), which are respectively located on both radial sides of the spindle (3); the spindle (3) comprises two spindle spring mounting portions (3-1), which are respectively arranged on both radial sides of the spindle (3); and the two energy storage springs are respectively arranged on both sides of the spindle (3), and both ends of each energy storage spring are rotatably connected with the corresponding connecting rod column (4-1) and the spindle spring mounting portion (3-1), respectively.

10. The operating mechanism according to claim 7, wherein when the spindle (3) is switched between the first position and the second position, a rotation angle is 90°; when the connecting rod (4) is switched between the third position and the fourth position, the rotation angle is 45°-49°; and when the spindle (3) rotates from the first position and the second position to the intermediate position, the rotation angle is 66°-70°.

11. The operating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the operating mechanism further comprises a turntable (5) arranged around a center line p-p; the turntable (5) is used for being connected with the moving contact structure in a transmission manner so as to be connected with and disconnected from the static contact structure; the center line p-p and the center line o-o are perpendicularly intersected; and the connecting rod (4) is provided with a connecting-rod gear, and an axis of the connecting-rod gear coincides with the center line o-o; the turntable (5) is provided with a turntable gear (5-3), and an axis of the turntable gear (5-3) coincides with the center line p-p; and the connecting-rod gear and the turntable gear (5-3) are both bevel gears and are in meshing engagement with each other.

12. The operating mechanism according to claim 11, wherein the connecting rod (4) also comprises a shaft cylinder (4-4); a shaft cylinder spindle hole (4-40) is formed in the middle of the shaft cylinder (4-4); the spindle (3) is rotatably inserted into the shaft cylinder spindle hole (4-40); two groups of turntables (5) are arranged on both radial sides of the shaft cylinder (4-4), respectively; two groups of connecting-rod gears are arranged on the shaft cylinder (4-4); the two groups of connecting-rod gears are meshed with the two groups of turntable gears (5-3) and drive the two groups of turntables (5) to rotate synchronously in the same direction; the two groups of connecting-rod gears are arranged at intervals on the shaft cylinder (4-4) along an extension direction of the center line o-o; among the two groups of connecting-rod gears, a top cone apex of each group of connecting-rod gears is offset toward a side where the other group of connecting-rod gears is located along the extension direction of the center line o-o; and the operating mechanism further comprises a housing (1); the housing (10) comprises a turntable shaft hole formed on a sidewall of the housing (10); and the turntable (5) is rotatably arranged in the turntable shaft hole.

13. The operating mechanism according to claim 11, wherein the spindle (3) comprises a spindle shaft body (3-0), a positioning protrusion, a matching protrusion and a spindle spring mounting portion (3-1); and the spindle spring mounting portion (3-1), the matching protrusion and the positioning protrusion are sequentially arranged on a circumferential sidewall of the spindle shaft body (3-0) along the extension direction of the center line o-o; the connecting rod (4) comprises a shaft cylinder (4-4), an upper crossbeam (4-2), connecting rod columns (4-1) and a lower crossbeam (4-0) which are sequentially connected along the extension direction of the center line o-o; both ends of the lower crossbeam (4-0) and both ends of the upper crossbeam (4-2) are each connected via a group of connecting rod columns (4-1) to form a rectangular-frame structure; the upper crossbeam (4-2) is provided with an upper beam shaft hole (4-20) through which the spindle (3) passes; the lower crossbeam (4-2) and the center line o-o are perpendicularly intersected and arranged in a cross shape; the lower crossbeam is provided with a lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole (4-00), a first limiting protrusion (4-1d) and a second limiting protrusion (4-2d); one end of the first limiting protrusion (4-1d) and one end of the second limiting protrusion (4-2d) are respectively arranged on a side surface of the lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole (4-00), and the other end of the first limiting protrusion (4-1d) and the other end of the second limiting protrusion (4-2d) protrude toward the middle of the lower crossbeam spindle shaft hole (4-00); the spindle shaft body (3-0) is inserted into the lower crossbeam spindle hole (4-00); the matching protrusion is arranged to swing between the first limiting protrusion (4-1d) and the second limiting protrusion (4-2d) and is in limiting fit with the first limiting protrusion (4-1d) and the second limiting protrusion (4-2d), respectively; the two energy storage springs of the energy storage structure (6) are located between the upper crossbeam (4-2) and the lower crossbeam (4-0) and are respectively arranged on both radial sides of the spindle (3); one ends of the two energy storage springs are in transmission fit with both radial sides of the spindle (3), and the other ends of the two energy storage springs are in transmission fit with the two connecting rod columns (4-1); and the two groups of connecting-rod gears on the shaft cylinder (4-4) are in meshing engagement with the turntable gears (5-3) of the two groups of turntables (5) to drive the two groups of turntables (5) to rotate synchronously in the same direction; and the two groups of turntables (5) are arranged on both radial sides of the spindle (3).

14. The operating mechanism according to claim 11, wherein the operating mechanism further comprises a housing (1); the housing (1) comprises a mounting plate, a housing bottom wall and two housing sidewalls; the two housing sidewalls are opposite and have one ends respectively connected with the housing bottom wall in a bending manner, and the other ends respectively connected with the mounting plate in a bending manner; and the mounting plate and the housing bottom wall are spaced face to face; and the spindle (3), the connecting rod (4), the turntables (5), and the energy storage structure (6) are all located between the two housing sidewalls; the two turntables (5) are arranged face to face between the two housing sidewalls, and the spindle (3) and the connecting rod (4) are arranged between the two turntables (5); the mounting plate, the shaft cylinder (4-4), the upper crossbeam (4-2), the connecting rod columns (4-1), the lower crossbeam (4-0) and the housing bottom wall are sequentially arranged along the extension direction of the center line o-o.

15. A switching device, the switching device comprising the operating mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

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