The invention relates to a permanent magnet operating mechanism with an air opening damping device for high-voltage and low-voltage switches, belonging to the technical field of high-voltage and low-voltage electric appliances. The mechanism mainly comprises a permanent magnet mechanism body consisting of a power output shaft, an upper magnet yoke, an outer magnet yoke, a closing/opening coil, a movable iron core, an inner magnet yoke, a permanent magnet embedded between the inner magnet yoke and the outer magnet yoke, a lower magnet yoke, a guide shaft and an air chamber. In the technical scheme of the invention, the property and structure of an original permanent magnet mechanism are not changed; the movable iron core is used as a piston; and the section of an air escape channel can be controlled through calculating and designing the width of an eddy current prevention groove, a fit clearance and compressed air volume. During the closing operation of a breaker, the movable iron core rushes to the air chamber at a high speed, air pressure acts on the end surface of the movable iron core, and the breaker can obtain an ideal closing damping effect. An air damper and the permanent magnet operating mechanism are integrated into a whole, and therefore the structure of the breaker is simplified and the performance of the breaker is improved; and since an original closing oil damper and accessories are not used, cost is reduced, resources are saved and oil pollution is avoided.