Sliding sleeve for a synchronous clutch, synchronous clutch and method for operating same

Abstract

The invention relates to a synchronous clutch (1) comprising an input sleeve (11) designed to receive an input torque, a ratchet wheel carrier designed to output an output torque, and a ratchet wheel arranged on the ratchet wheel carrier; a sliding sleeve (6), wherein the sliding sleeve (6) is arranged at least partially on the ratchet wheel and at least partially on the input sleeve (11); a locking sleeve (2), wherein the locking sleeve (2) is arranged on the ratchet wheel; wherein the sliding sleeve (6) is designed to change a position of the locking sleeve (2) and / or to prevent the position of the locking sleeve (2) from changing.

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] Sliding sleeve for a synchronous clutch, synchronous clutch and method for operating the same

[0003] The present invention relates to a synchronous clutch, a system with a synchronous clutch and a method for operating and / or monitoring the synchronous clutch.

[0004] With mechanically synchronized gear couplings, such as those known from EP0374363A1 or WO 2015 007 341 A1, drive motors can be automatically engaged and disengaged, usually without the need to monitor the speed or torque. For example, during synchronous operation, a synchronizing sleeve is axially displaced by a ratchet gear. Upon engagement, a screw-in movement is transmitted via a pawl to a clutch star. This causes helical screw-in gears to engage and, after reaching an axial stop, transmit the torque.

[0005] Synchronous clutches usually disengage automatically as soon as or when the input overtakes the output, especially at a synchronous speed or positive torque, and usually disengage automatically again as soon as or when the input speed falls below the output speed, especially when a negative torque is present.

[0006] Synchronous clutches are typically designed as clutches equipped with an automatic or self-acting synchronizing mechanism. This synchronizing mechanism itself is not usually involved in power transmission. Synchronous clutches are used, without limitation, in ship propulsion systems or power plants, for example.

[0007] The object of the present invention is, in particular, to improve a synchronous clutch, and more particularly, to make it easier to operate. This object is achieved by a synchronous clutch having the features of claim 1. Claims 8 and 9 protect a system that can be operated according to a method described herein. Claim 10 protects a computer program or computer program product for implementing a method described herein. The subclaims relate to advantageous developments.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a synchronous clutch is provided. In one embodiment, the synchronous clutch has an input sleeve, wherein the input sleeve is particularly configured to absorb an input torque. In one embodiment, the input sleeve is designed to be (operatively) connected to a drive shaft in a torque-transmitting manner, in particular by means of fastening means, or in one embodiment the input sleeve is used for this purpose. In one embodiment, the input sleeve has clutch teeth. In one embodiment, the clutch teeth are arranged radially closer to the axis of rotation of the synchronous clutch than a fastening of the drive shaft. In one embodiment, the input sleeve has at least one pawl, in particular a plurality of pawls. In one embodiment, the at least one pawl is arranged, in particular mounted, in the circumferential direction in the input sleeve.In one embodiment, the synchronizer clutch has a ratchet gear carrier. In one embodiment, the ratchet gear carrier is designed to output or transmit an output torque. In one embodiment, the ratchet gear carrier is designed to be (actively) connected to an output shaft in a torque-transmitting manner, or the ratchet gear carrier is used for this purpose. In one embodiment, the ratchet gear carrier has synchronization teeth. In one embodiment, the synchronizer clutch has a ratchet gear. In one embodiment, the ratchet gear is arranged on the ratchet gear carrier, in particular mounted thereon, in particular radially and / or axially, so that the ratchet gear, in one embodiment, is displaceable in particular axially on the ratchet gear carrier.In one embodiment, the ratchet wheel has synchronization teeth that are designed to interact with the synchronization teeth of the ratchet wheel carrier, in particular in an operating state of the synchronizer clutch, as described in particular below. In one embodiment, the ratchet wheel is designed to screw in or out of the, in particular oblique, synchronization teeth, similar to a nut on a threaded rod. In one embodiment, the synchronizer clutch has a sliding sleeve. In one embodiment, the sliding sleeve is arranged, in particular mounted, at least partially on the ratchet wheel and at least partially on the input sleeve. In one embodiment, the sliding sleeve is mounted on the input sleeve and rotates, in particular, with the input sleeve. In one embodiment, the synchronizer clutch has a locking sleeve.In one embodiment, the locking sleeve is arranged on the ratchet wheel, in particular mounted in the ratchet wheel, further in particular displaceably mounted.

[0009] In one embodiment, a position, in particular an axial position, of the locking sleeve can be changed using the sliding sleeve. In one embodiment, a change in the position of the locking sleeve can be prevented, additionally or alternatively, using the sliding sleeve. In one embodiment, the sliding sleeve is designed to change a position of the locking sleeve, in particular when a position of the sliding sleeve is or has been changed, further in particular using a switching device; and / or to prevent a change in the position of the locking sleeve or to define a position, in particular a position referred to herein as the third axial position, (of the locking sleeve), in particular in relation to the sliding sleeve.

[0010] In one embodiment, by changing the position of the sliding sleeve, in particular by changing the axial position of the sliding sleeve, a position, in particular an axial position, of the locking sleeve can be changed or adjusted, in particular with, and furthermore in particular precisely, a switching unit which, in one embodiment, is designed to move the sliding sleeve, in particular axially, and furthermore in particular to change a position, in particular an axial, of the sliding sleeve. In one embodiment, a pawl freewheel and a pawl protection device can advantageously be influenced, in particular switched, and in particular additionally a locking of the synchronous clutch can advantageously be achieved with the aid of the sliding sleeve. This can in particular be achieved, in one embodiment, with two switching positions of the sliding sleeve, which in particular advantageously influence orinteracts with this in such a way that in one (common) switching position of the two sleeves the locking of the synchronizer clutch can be or is realized and in another (common) switching position of the two sleeves the pawl freewheel can be or is realized, in particular (mechanically) through the interaction of the sleeves, further in particular without further (actively controlled) switching means. Furthermore, in one embodiment, this can advantageously provide a simpler synchronizer clutch which is in particular easier to operate, in particular compared to a multi-plate clutch, especially in comparable performance classes.

[0011] In one embodiment, the sliding sleeve is designed in several parts or has two or more parts which are in particular operatively connected to one another.

[0012] This advantageously allows a sliding sleeve to be constructed in a simpler manner.

[0013] In one embodiment, the elements of the synchronous clutch referred to herein as “sleeve” or “wheel” can be formed in one part or in several parts, wherein the parts are then in particular operatively connected to one another.

[0014] This advantageously makes it easier to install a synchronous clutch in one version.

[0015] In one embodiment, the sliding sleeve has a locking groove. In one embodiment, the ratchet wheel has a locking groove rotor, wherein the locking groove rotor is designed to complement the locking groove of the sliding sleeve. In one embodiment, the locking groove and locking groove rotor are configured to block axial movement of the sliding sleeve in at least one operating state of the synchronous clutch.

[0016] In one embodiment, the at least one pawl has a pawl mechanism or a separating device, by means of which the at least one pawl can be activated or deactivated. In one embodiment, at least part of the pawl mechanism is realized by the sliding sleeve, in particular the sliding sleeve, in one embodiment, is designed to actuate the pawl mechanism, so that the at least one pawl is activated or deactivated, in particular when the sliding sleeve is changed in its, in particular axial, position. In one embodiment, the pawl mechanism is actuated by changing an axial position of the sliding sleeve or the sliding sleeve is designed or used for this purpose, so that the at least one pawl can be activated or deactivated. The terms “activated” and “deactivated”, as used herein, are intended in particular to mean a position in which the pawl is engaged or deactivated.engaging the at least one pawl or preventing engagement of the at least one pawl, in particular engaging the at least one pawl in such a way that a torque can be or is transmitted from the input sleeve to the ratchet wheel or that a mechanical operative connection between the pawl and the ratchet wheel is severed.

[0017] In one embodiment, the locking groove and the locking groove runner, which are preferably referred to collectively herein as the pawl protection device, can thereby prevent activation of the at least one pawl, in particular mechanically. Furthermore, in particular, deactivation of the at least one pawl can be achieved or deactivated, in particular because the pawl protection device mechanically prevents a change in the axial position of the sliding sleeve. In one embodiment, the pawl protection device is arranged such that it is advantageously visible, in particular accessible, from the outside.

[0018] In one embodiment, the ratchet mechanism or the separating device is designed as a (mechanical) mechanism. In particular, the sliding sleeve has at least one, in particular axially designed, slotted link, which is designed to release an element of the ratchet mechanism in a first position of the sliding sleeve and to displace it radially inwards in a second position of the sliding sleeve, in particular in order to activate the at least one ratchet. In one embodiment, the element displaceable by the slotted link is a pin, in particular a spring-loaded pin, which is (operatively) connected to the ratchet. In an alternative embodiment, the ratchet mechanism is designed such that the at least one ratchet is displaced axially together with the sliding sleeve, the ratchet wheel having a slotted link, in which the at least one pawl engages or engages in a first position of the sliding sleeve.can engage and in a second position of the sliding sleeve, at least one pawl is or will be displaced axially to its detent points, wherein in particular the pawl is designed such that upon axial displacement (towards the second position of the sliding sleeve) it is deactivated by the link of the ratchet wheel, in particular is displaced axially to the detent points, in particular onto a running surface of the ratchet wheel without detent points. In one embodiment, the pawl mechanism is designed to be magnetic. In one embodiment, the magnetic pawl mechanism is designed such that in a first position of the sliding sleeve, an element of the pawl mechanism is magnetically attracted, in particular is or will be moved radially outwards, or is magnetically repelled, in particular is or will be moved radially inwards.so that the latch is activated, in particular can engage, and that in a second position of the sliding sleeve the element of the latch mechanism is or is magnetically moved (attracted or repelled) in the other direction, so that the latch is deactivated.

[0019] In one embodiment, the locking groove is at least substantially L-shaped. In one embodiment, the locking groove, in particular the L-shaped locking groove, is at least substantially axially aligned. In one embodiment, the horizontal line of the “L” or the short leg of the L-shaped locking groove is at least substantially aligned or arranged in the circumferential direction. In one embodiment, the part of the locking groove aligned or arranged in the circumferential direction correlates with an operating state of the synchronizer clutch in which the input or drive shaft or the input sleeve rotates faster than the ratchet wheel carrier or the output shaft, so that in particular in this operating state the locking groove rotor is moved into the lower leg of its L-shaped shape, so that an axial change in position of the sliding sleeve is mechanically prevented or blocked, in particular (advantageously) as a result of this the at least one pawl is not activated orcan be.

[0020] In one embodiment, the sliding sleeve has at least a first axial position and a second axial position, in particular a switchable first axial position and a switchable second axial position, further in particular with the aid of a switching unit, wherein the switching unit, in one embodiment, is designed to change the axial position of the sliding sleeve, in particular to switch or (axially) displace the sliding sleeve from the first axial position to the second axial position and vice versa. In one embodiment, the switching unit is arranged radially outside the sliding sleeve.

[0021] This advantageously makes it possible for the synchronous clutch to be controlled with, in particular only, one switching unit or to be controllable with, in particular only, one switching unit, and furthermore, in particular, several functions of the synchronous clutch can be controlled with the help of the control unit, in particular a pawl mechanism, furthermore, in particular an axial position of the locking sleeve.

[0022] In one embodiment, the synchronous clutch has a switching unit. In one embodiment, the switching unit is hydraulically driven, in particular by means of low-pressure pumps, further in particular by means of (lubricating) oil pressure. In one embodiment, the switching unit is hydraulically driven, in particular operated and / or lubricated with (normal) lubricating oil pressure. In one embodiment, a low-pressure pump can be used for this purpose; in particular, the synchronous clutch can have a low-pressure pump, in particular for this purpose. In one embodiment, the switching unit is additionally lubricated by means of the (lubricating) oil pressure or by means of the lubricating oil, or can be lubricated by means of the lubricating oil.

[0023] In one embodiment, the synchronous clutch, in particular the switching unit, has a visual, mechanical, electronic and / or electrical position indicator, which in particular indicates an axial position of the sliding sleeve or is configured to do so and / or indicates an axial position of the locking sleeve or is configured to do so.

[0024] In one embodiment, the locking sleeve has at least a first axial position, a second axial position, and a third axial position. In one embodiment, the locking sleeve is at least substantially connected to the ratchet wheel, in particular an axial position of the locking sleeve, in particular additionally, at least substantially correlates with the axial position of the ratchet wheel, or a position of the locking sleeve is at least substantially related to the position of the ratchet wheel. In one embodiment, the locking sleeve is mounted in the ratchet wheel, in particular displaceable, furthermore in particular displaceable by means of a spring or preloaded by means of a spring, and mounted in the ratchet wheel.

[0025] In one embodiment, the sliding sleeve is configured to be axially displaced by means of the switching unit, in particular a remote-controllable one, in particular into the first axial position or the second axial position of the sliding sleeve. In one embodiment, the sliding sleeve and / or the locking sleeve are configured to be axially displaced by means of the switching unit, in particular a remote-controllable one, in particular into the first axial position or the second axial position of the sliding sleeve and / or into the first axial position, the second axial position, or the third axial position of the locking sleeve.

[0026] In one embodiment, the synchronizer clutch has at least one separating device or a pawl mechanism. In one embodiment, the at least one separating device is configured to release at least one pawl from the ratchet wheel. In one embodiment, the synchronizer clutch is configured such that when the at least one pawl, in particular all pawls present or comprised by the synchronizer clutch, are released by means of the at least one separating device, in particular by means of the separating devices, engagement of the synchronizer clutch can be prevented or is prevented or can be prevented and / or a clicking noise of the pawls can be prevented or suppressed. Disengagement (deactivation) of the pawls or released pawls is usually known as "pawl freewheel" or is referred to as "pawl freewheel".

[0027] In one embodiment, the synchronizer clutch has a protective mechanism (pawl protection device). In one embodiment, the protective mechanism is designed to prevent the synchronizer clutch from being reactivated, in particular to provide mechanical protection which is designed in particular for reactivating the synchronizer clutch from a “pawl freewheel” state. In one embodiment, the protective mechanism is designed as a locking groove, in particular such that the locking groove has at least one part at an end opposite the engagement direction which is designed to mechanically block an axial movement of a locking groove rotor arranged in the locking groove. In one embodiment, the protective mechanism is designed such that a switching operation can or will be carried out, in particular only when the drive train orthe input sleeve is at a standstill or, with the input sleeve and the ratchet gear carrier or the output shaft rotating in the same direction, the speed at the input is lower than at the output and / or when the protective mechanism is deactivated or in a position in which the locking groove rotor can or does move in the axial direction in the locking groove. In one embodiment, the sliding sleeve has a distance between the first and second positions of at least 10 mm, or at least 20 mm and / or at most 30 mm. In one embodiment, the synchronous clutch is designed to transmit a torque of at least 500 kNm, or of at least 800 kNm and / or of at most 3000 kNm.In one embodiment, the synchronous coupling is configured to transmit torque at a speed of at least 300 revolutions per minute and / or at most 800 revolutions per minute, or at most 750 revolutions per minute, or at most 500 revolutions per minute. In one embodiment, the synchronous coupling has a diameter of at least 0.4 m and / or at most 0.8 m, or at most 1 m, or at most 1.2 m, or at most 2 m.

[0028] In one embodiment, the synchronous clutch has at least one damper, in particular a damper chamber, further in particular a double damper chamber, which is in particular designed to dampen an axial movement of at least one part of the synchronous clutch that moves and / or is movable in the axial direction, in particular as described herein. In one embodiment, the at least one damper or the at least one damper chamber is designed to bring about a, in particular quiet, reaching and / or, in particular stable, holding of an end position of the sliding sleeve, at least substantially, in particular in an engaged position or a disengaged position of the sliding sleeve and / or to reach an engaged position or a disengaged position of the sliding sleeve. In one embodiment, the end position and / or the end positions of the sliding sleeve are defined by the synchronous clutch or are formed by it.In one embodiment, the at least one damper is filled by means of pressure lubrication, in particular from or by means of the oil introduction ring(s).

[0029] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a system for operating and / or monitoring a synchronous clutch is provided. In one embodiment, the system comprises a synchronous clutch as described herein. In one embodiment, the system comprises at least one drive machine. In one embodiment, the drive machine is operatively connected to the input sleeve of the synchronous clutch, in particular directly or indirectly via at least one gear, further in particular in a torque-transmitting manner, in particular by means of a drive shaft. In one embodiment, the system comprises at least one output shaft. In one embodiment, the output shaft is operatively connected to the ratchet gear carrier. In one embodiment, the system comprises at least one machine, in particular an electric machine, which is operatively connected to the output shaft and / or the ratchet gear carrier.In one embodiment, the system has at least one sensor for detecting a position of the sliding sleeve and / or a position of the locking sleeve. In one embodiment, the switching unit is configured to be moved into a switching position by means of a solenoid valve, so that, in particular, the sliding sleeve can be or is switched into a position. In one embodiment, the system is configured to carry out a method described herein.

[0030] This advantageously allows a more compact system to be realized in one embodiment.

[0031] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a drive system, in particular for propelling a ship, is provided. In one embodiment, the drive system comprises a system as described herein. In one embodiment, the drive system comprises a propeller shaft, in particular designed as a torsion shaft, which is operatively connected to a gearbox or a gearbox shaft and / or a drive unit or a drive shaft by means of the synchronous coupling. In one embodiment, the gearbox shaft of the drive system is designed as a hollow shaft. In one embodiment, the drive system described herein is configured to carry out a method described below.

[0032] This advantageously allows a compact or space-saving connection and / or arrangement to be achieved.

[0033] In one embodiment, the synchronous clutch is designed for a predetermined direction of rotation and a positive torque serves this direction of rotation.

[0034] According to one embodiment of the invention, a method for operating a synchronous clutch is provided. In one embodiment, the method comprises deactivating the synchronous clutch. In one embodiment, the deactivation comprises axially displacing the sliding sleeve, particularly in the disengaged position of the ratchet wheel, into its second position or into position B or toward position B, in particular by actuating the switching unit.

[0035] As a result, in one embodiment, at least one pawl, in particular the pawls included in the synchronous clutch, is deactivated by being lifted off the ratchet wheel, in particular by the pawl mechanism or the separating device, so that it can no longer engage. In one embodiment, this operating state (see operating state 3B below) of the synchronous clutch can be referred to as "no clicking" and / or as "lock-out."

[0036] Advantageously, in one embodiment, this also reduces the power loss due to friction, since the at least one pawl, in particular the existing pawls, no longer have frictional contact with the ratchet wheel carrier or output. More advantageously, in one embodiment, this can reduce noise emissions from the synchronous clutch, in particular noise caused by the pawls. In one embodiment, this advantageously makes maintenance on the synchronous clutch easier, especially when the pawls are in a "pawl freewheel" mode.

[0037] In one embodiment, the method comprises reactivating the synchronizer clutch. In one embodiment, the reactivation, particularly when the synchronizer clutch is in a disengaged state, in particular disengaged and inactivated, comprises moving the sliding sleeve into its first axial position, so that the pawls are activated, in particular by means of the pawl mechanism or the separating device of the sliding sleeve, and in particular can engage ("ratcheting") or engage with the ratchet wheel.

[0038] In one embodiment, reactivation comprises determining an input and output speed, in particular a speed of the input sleeve and a speed of the pawl carrier. In one embodiment, reactivation is based on the determined input and output speed. In one embodiment, reactivation is only carried out if an output speed is greater than an input speed or if an at least substantially standstill (of the synchronous clutch) has been determined. In one embodiment, reactivation based on the determined standstill (or the determined input and output speeds) is only carried out if the output speed was higher than the input speed before the standstill, in particular if the synchronous clutch has come to a standstill in this way.In particular, in one embodiment, reactivation is additionally secured by the pawl protection device; in particular, the pawl protection device is active if the stated speed ratio (output speed > input speed) did not prevail before the standstill or if the output speed is lower than the input speed.

[0039] If the pawl protection device is activated, the method comprises correcting the speed ratio, in particular for a few revolutions, further in particular at least one revolution, or at least 3 revolutions and / or a maximum of 10 revolutions, in order to rotate the pawl protection device (again) from its locked position, in particular to deactivate the mechanical protection (against incorrect switching). In particular, reactivation is permissible, in one embodiment, in the following operating states of the input and output, in particular the input sleeve and pawl carrier:

[0040] Output rotates faster than input; input is stationary, output rotates forward; input is stationary and output then comes to a standstill; output rotates forward, input is stationary; and / or output rotates forward, input rotates reverse (each based on a predetermined direction of rotation or action of the synchronous clutch); and in particular not permitted in the following operating conditions:

[0041] Input rotates faster than output (both forward); input rotates faster than output (both reverse); input is stationary, output rotates reverse; output is stationary and input only comes to a stop afterwards; output rotates reverse, input is stationary; and / or output rotates reverse, input rotates forward.

[0042] In one embodiment, the method comprises locking the synchronous clutch. In one embodiment, the locking, particularly when the synchronous clutch is in an engaged state, comprises axially displacing the sliding sleeve, particularly by actuating the switching unit, into its second position.

[0043] In one embodiment, the locking sleeve, in particular a spring-loaded one, is released by the locking, in particular in such a way that it can assume or assumes its third axial position, so that it or its locking teeth engage or are engaged.

[0044] In one embodiment, this advantageously allows the sliding sleeve to implement an additional function (locking the synchronizer clutch, also referred to as "lock-in") in addition to the pawl freewheel and the pawl protection device. Furthermore, in one embodiment, this advantageously allows negative torque to be transmitted with the synchronizer clutch when the locking mechanism is active, particularly without disengaging it.

[0045] In this, in particular locked, (operating) state (1B), disengagement of the synchronous clutch is mechanically prevented, in particular by the locking sleeve or the engaged locking teeth. In this (operating) state (1B), in one embodiment, a negative torque can now (also) be transmitted, as is required in particular for rotational operation. The negative torque is then transmitted via the, in particular straight, locking teeth, which, in one embodiment, thereby (advantageously) blocks the disengagement movement of the synchronous clutch.

[0046] In one embodiment, four operating states result for the synchronizer clutch described herein from combinations of the axial positions of the sliding sleeve and the locking sleeve: an operating state 3B, wherein the synchronizer clutch is disengaged and inactivated, in particular in "pawl freewheel"; an operating state 3A, wherein the synchronizer clutch is disengaged and activated, in particular the at least one pawl is activated; an operating state 2A, wherein the synchronizer clutch is engaged and unlocked; an operating state 1B, wherein the synchronizer clutch is engaged and locked, in particular the locking teeth are engaged.

[0047] In one embodiment, the method is designed to switch between the operating states, in particular with the aid of the control unit (or by controlling the control unit, in particular with the aid of a controller) to axially displace the sliding sleeve, in particular into its first or second position, such that the synchronous clutch switches or can switch from one operating state to the other, in particular adjacent, operating state, in particular in accordance with a set or predetermined or required system state or a drive system state.

[0048] In one embodiment, the method comprises unlocking (the synchronizer clutch). In one embodiment, unlocking, which corresponds in particular to a return from operating state 1B to 2A, comprises applying a positive torque to or transmitting a positive torque by means of the synchronizer clutch, so that in particular the locking sleeve is relieved of load or is relieved of load, so that the sliding sleeve can push the locking sleeve axially out of the tooth engagement, in particular with the aid of the switching unit.

[0049] In this case, operating or controlling is understood to mean, in particular, regulating.

[0050] In one embodiment, the system comprises means for deactivating the synchronizer clutch, means for reactivating the synchronizer clutch and / or means for displacing the sliding sleeve.

[0051] A system and / or means within the meaning of the present invention can be designed in hardware and / or software, in particular at least one, in particular digital, processing unit, in particular a microprocessor unit (CPU), graphics card (GPU) or the like, preferably connected to a memory and / or bus system for data or signals, and / or one or more programs or program modules. The processing unit can be designed to execute instructions implemented as a program stored in a memory system, to detect input signals from a data bus, and / or to output signals to a data bus. A memory system can have one or more, in particular different, storage media, in particular optical, magnetic, solid-state, and / or other non-volatile media. The program can be designed in such a way that it embodies the methods described here oris capable of carrying out, so that the processing unit can carry out the steps of such methods and thus in particular can operate or monitor the synchronous clutch.

[0052] In one embodiment, a computer program product can comprise, in particular be, a storage medium, in particular a computer-readable and / or non-volatile one, for storing a program or instructions or with a program or instructions stored thereon. In one embodiment, execution of this program or these instructions by a system or a controller, in particular a computer or an arrangement of multiple computers, causes the system or the controller, in particular the computer(s), to carry out a method described here or one or more of its steps, or the program or the instructions are configured to do so.

[0053] In one embodiment, one or more, in particular all, steps of the method are carried out fully or partially automatically, in particular by the controller or its means. In one embodiment, one or more steps of the method are carried out manually; in particular, a control signal for the control unit can be generated manually or carried out manually, in particular by means of a solenoid valve or the like.

[0054] The terms "a" or "an" as used herein are defined to mean "one or more". The terms "another" and "a further" and any other variations thereof are to be understood to mean "at least one further". The term "designed" or "arranged" to perform a particular function (and respective variations thereof), as used herein, is to be understood to mean that a relevant device or component thereof is already in a configuration or setting in which it can perform the function or is at least adjustable - i.e. configurable - so that it can perform the function after being set accordingly. The configuration can, for example, be achieved via a corresponding setting of parameters of a process sequence or of switches or the like for activation or deactivation.

[0055] Deactivation of functionalities or settings can occur. In particular, the device can have several predetermined configurations or operating modes, so that configuration can be performed by selecting one of these configurations or operating modes.

[0056] Further advantages and features emerge from the subclaims and the exemplary embodiments. The following shows, partly schematically:

[0057] Fig. 1: a synchronous clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention in a first operating state 3A;

[0058] Fig. 2: the synchronous clutch of Fig. 1 in a second operating state 2A;

[0059] Fig. 3: the synchronous clutch of Fig. 1 and 2 in a third operating state 1 B;

[0060] Fig. 4: the synchronous clutch of Fig. 1, 2 and 3 in a fourth operating state 3B;

[0061] Fig. 5: Locking grooves and locking groove runners according to embodiments of the present invention;

[0062] Fig. 6: pawls or a pawl mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Fig. 7: pawls or a pawl mechanism according to another embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 8: pawls or a pawl mechanism according to a further embodiment of the present invention; and

[0064] Fig. 9: a method for operating a synchronous clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] In the figures, like reference numerals designate like, similar, or corresponding elements. Elements shown in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Rather, the various elements shown in the figures are depicted in such a way that their function and general purpose will be understood by those skilled in the art. Connections and couplings between functional units and elements shown in the figures can also be implemented as indirect connections or couplings, unless expressly stated otherwise. Functional units can, in particular, be implemented as hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.

[0066] Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a synchronizer clutch 1 in a first operating state, which is indicated at the top left with 3A and is shown in Figures 1 to 4 to make it easier to distinguish between the operating states of the synchronizer clutch. This information relates in particular to the axial positions (A - first position; B - second position) of the sliding sleeve 6 of the synchronizer clutch, the axial position (1 - third position; 2 - second position; 3 - first position) of the locking sleeve 2 of the synchronizer clutch, which are indicated by vertical lines with corresponding indices above the sliding sleeve 6 and respectively above the locking sleeve 2, which is shown with its locking teeth 3, and together result in the said operating state of the synchronizer clutch 1, here in Fig. 1: 3A. The sectional views of Figures 1 to 4 are simplified in that the axis of rotation of the synchronizer clutch is not shown.This axis is arranged in particular below the ratchet wheel carrier in Figures 1 to 4; the schematically illustrated elements of the synchronous clutch 1 are accordingly, at least substantially and where technically expedient, rotationally symmetrical (not shown). The further parts of the synchronous clutch 1, which are particularly known to those skilled in the art, are represented or summarized in a simplified manner by a block shown in dashed lines. It should be noted that this block has several independent or (partially) independently rotatable parts that interact or can interact with one another. This dashed block summarizes, without restricting generality, in particular a ratchet wheel, the ratchet wheel carrier, an input sleeve 11, the position of which is merely indicated, pawls, a synchronization toothing, and a pawl protection device 5, the position of which is indicated and for which embodiments are described in Figure 5.The illustrated operating state of the synchronous clutch 1 can, in one embodiment, be referred to as "disengaged with active shift position." In one embodiment, the synchronous clutch 1 is configured for a predetermined direction of rotation, and a positive torque serves this direction of rotation.

[0067] Fig. 2 schematically shows a second operating state 2A. For this, the locking sleeve 2 is in its second axial position (2) and the sliding sleeve is in its first axial position (A). During a transition from the operating state 3A of the synchronous clutch 1 shown in Fig. 1, in which in particular no torque is transmitted from the input shaft to the output shaft, to the operating state 2A of Fig. 2, the clutch teeth are engaged, in particular when the locking groove rotor in the locking groove 5 is in a position that allows engagement. Accordingly, in Fig. 2 the sliding sleeve is in the same axial position (A) as in Fig. 1, but the ratchet wheel is in an axial position in which the clutch teeth of the ratchet wheel engage with the clutch teeth of the input sleeve, in particular transmitting torque via or with this. Furthermore, Fig.2 in the operating state 2A, the locking teeth 3 of the locking sleeve 2 are not (yet) engaged, so that the synchronous clutch 1 can be or will be disengaged in this operating state (2A) in the event of, in particular, a change in the input torque and / or the output torque, and in particular the synchronous clutch 1 can then be transferred to another operating state, in particular (again) to an operating state 3A as shown in Fig. 1.

[0068] Fig. 3 schematically shows a further operating state (1 B) of the synchronizer clutch 1, wherein the sliding sleeve 6 is shown in its second axial position (B) and the locking sleeve 2 in its third axial position (I). In one embodiment, this achieves a “lock-in,” in which negative (input) torque can and is transmitted from the drive shaft 12, in particular via the input sleeve 11, to the output shaft 15, in particular without the synchronizer clutch 1 being disengaged or decoupled. In this operating state of the synchronizer clutch 1, in particular the pawls 8 can be or become deactivated, in other words, depending on the manner in which the pawls 8 are activated and / or deactivated, they can be engaged or brought into a non-engaged position.In one embodiment, the locking sleeve 2 can be moved from its second axial position (2) into its third axial position (1) in particular by a spring force or is designed to do so.

[0069] Fig. 4 schematically shows a fourth operating state 3B of the synchronous clutch, which, in one embodiment, can be reached in particular only from the operating state 3A shown in Fig. 1 or the synchronous clutch 1 can be transferred, in particular only, from the operating state 3A to the operating state 3B, in particular using suitable measures for this purpose. In the operating state of Fig. 4, the ratchet wheel is disengaged, in particular the clutch teeth are not engaged, so that in particular no torque is or can be transmitted (not shown). In one embodiment, the end stop for position A and position B of the sliding sleeve 6 is formed in the synchronous clutch.

[0070] Fig. 5 schematically shows locking grooves 5a - 5g and locking groove rotors 5a - 5g in different exemplary embodiments. In Fig. 5, an axial direction of the synchronous clutch 1 corresponds to the direction from the left blade edge to the right blade edge or the horizontal on the blade. Pawl protection device 5a schematically shows a cylindrical pin in a plan view, which can run in the locking groove as a locking groove rotor. The locking groove is arranged at an angle to the axial direction, in particular a start of the locking groove is offset in the circumferential direction from an end of the locking groove with respect to the synchronous clutch 1, wherein a start is in particular at the end of the locking groove, which is designed to block the locking groove rotor from an at least substantially axial movement.In one embodiment, this is particularly the case when the input shaft of the synchronous clutch 1 rotates faster than the output shaft, so that a gear shift can or will be performed, in particular, only when the drive train is stationary or when the speed at the input is lower than at the output with the same direction of rotation. In one embodiment, the locking groove is designed as a through groove (slot), alternatively as a blind groove.

[0071] Exemplary embodiment 5b is shown with a locking groove rotor which is trapezoidal in cross section, wherein the locking groove has a recess adapted to this shape, which activates the pawl protection device for the operating cases mentioned herein and switching is thereby mechanically prevented.

[0072] The locking groove can, as schematically illustrated for the exemplary embodiments 5b to 5d, also be designed such that the locking groove rotor is or can be locked in the locking groove, in particular in an operating state of the synchronous clutch 1. For this purpose, the locking groove can, in one embodiment, form or have a detent position for the locking groove rotor; additionally or alternatively, the locking groove rotor can be designed in one embodiment such that it blocks or (mechanically) prevents axial movement in an operating state of the synchronous clutch 1. For this purpose, the pawl protection device can, in one embodiment, have a spring or the like, shown as an example for pawl protection device 5c, which holds the locking groove rotor in a detent position and, in particular, the force exerted on the locking groove rotor by the spring or something similar must (first) be overcome in order to release the (mechanical) lock of the axial displacement.In one embodiment, a locking position can be arranged laterally, in particular on one side (5a to 5c) or on both sides (5d) to the direction of displacement, as shown by way of example.

[0073] Furthermore, Fig. 5 schematically shows various states of the pawl protection device with i to iii. In a first state i, an (axial) displacement of the locking groove rotor in the locking groove is (mechanically) blocked, so that in particular a synchronizer clutch 1 (as described herein) cannot be engaged or a sliding sleeve 6 cannot be moved or displaced axially, and furthermore in particular the synchronizer clutch 1 cannot be transferred to another operating state, provided the pawl protection device is activated, in particular the locking groove rotor remains in a detent position, as long as the synchronizer clutch is in a corresponding operating state in which in particular the locking groove rotor is in the detent position. In the second state ii shown in Fig. 5, the sliding sleeve 6 is displaceable, so that the synchronizer clutch 1 can be transferred to another operating state, in particular can be engaged. In state iii in Fig.5, the “pawl protection device” is shown schematically during the change of operating state of the synchronous clutch 1, in particular the pawl protection device is shown when the synchronous clutch 1 is engaged.

[0074] Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of a pawl 8 or a pawl mechanism. The pawl 8 is rotatably mounted and is moved in the direction of the arrow by two, in particular spring-loaded, pins, depending on the position of the sliding sleeve 6. The pawls 8 are arranged in the circumferential direction in the input sleeve 11. The axis of rotation of the synchronous clutch 1 is perpendicular to the plane of the page (not shown). In order to be able to illustrate the mode of operation, the movement of the sliding sleeve 6 is rotated in the plane of the image; accordingly, the arrows are in the plane of the image where the sliding sleeve 6 executes or would execute a movement in the axial direction of the synchronous clutch 1. Accordingly, the profile formed in the sliding sleeve 6 for moving the pin, shown schematically, is also rotated in the plane of the page.In one embodiment, the profile is designed such that the pawl 8 is or becomes deactivated in one position of the sliding sleeve 6, in particular a position of the sliding sleeve 6 designated herein by B, and that the pawl 8 is or becomes activated in another position of the sliding sleeve 6, in particular a position of the sliding sleeve 6 designated herein by A. Accordingly, in one embodiment, the pawl 8 can be activated or deactivated by the sliding sleeve 6, so that in particular the pawl 8 can be brought into engagement, in particular with the ratchet wheel (not shown here). In one embodiment, the pawl 8 can be reset by the return springs of the pins.

[0075] Fig. 7 schematically shows an alternative embodiment of the latch mechanism, which is designed in particular for activating and deactivating the latch(es) 8. In one embodiment, the pin for deactivating / activating the latch 8 is magnetic, and corresponding magnets are arranged in the sliding sleeve 6, which are designed to activate or deactivate the latch 8, in particular when the sliding sleeve 6 is displaced axially (shown here rotated in the image plane, see Fig. 6). Fig. 8 schematically shows an alternative embodiment of the latch mechanism. In one embodiment, the latch 8 has a torsion spring designed to reset the latch. The latch mechanism of the embodiment shown in Fig. 8 is activated or deactivated in a similar way to the mechanisms shown in Figs. 6 and 7.

[0076] Fig. 9 schematically shows a method for operating a synchronous clutch according to one embodiment, as described in particular herein. In Fig. 9, four operating states (1B, 2A, 3A, 3B) of the synchronous clutch 1 are shown with respective transitions between the states (1B, 2A, 3A, 3B). In an operating state 3B, the sliding sleeve is in a second position B and the locking sleeve 2 is in a first position 3. As a result, the synchronous clutch is disengaged and inactivated, so that in particular no torque is or can be transmitted. In this operating state, the pawl protection device, in one embodiment, is in a detent position or, in particular when the output shaft is driven in particular by a machine, furthermore in particular an electric machine, in particular in a positive direction of rotation, in a switchable position.If the operating state of the synchronous clutch 1, in one embodiment, is to be changed, the sliding sleeve is moved or brought into its first position A (axial), in particular by a switching unit 7 configured for this purpose. The locking sleeve 2 remains in its first position 3. The synchronous clutch 1 thus remains disengaged but is activated; in particular, the pawls 8 of the synchronous clutch 1 are activated by changing the position of the sliding sleeve 6. From this operating state of the synchronous clutch 1, it can either transition to an operating state 2A or be returned to the operating state 3B, depending on the (current) requirements of the synchronous clutch 1.

[0077] Although exemplary embodiments have been explained in the preceding description, it should be noted that numerous modifications are possible. Furthermore, it should be noted that the exemplary embodiments are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection, applications, or structure in any way. Rather, the preceding description provides the skilled person with a guide for implementing at least one exemplary embodiment, whereby various modifications, particularly with regard to the function and arrangement of the described components, can be made without departing from the scope of protection as it results from the claims and equivalent combinations of features.

[0078] List of reference symbols

[0079] 1 synchronous clutch

[0080] 2 Locking sleeve 3 Locking teeth

[0081] 5 Locking groove runner and locking groove (pawl protection device)

[0082] 6 sliding sleeve

[0083] 7 Switching unit

[0084] 8 jack(s) 11 input sleeve

[0085] 12 Drive shaft (input)

[0086] 15 Output shaft

Claims

Patent claims 1. Synchronous clutch (1), comprising an input sleeve (11) configured to receive an input torque, a ratchet wheel carrier configured to output an output torque, and a ratchet wheel arranged on the ratchet wheel carrier; a sliding sleeve (6), wherein the sliding sleeve (6) is arranged at least partially on the ratchet wheel and at least partially on the input sleeve (11); a locking sleeve (2), wherein the locking sleeve (2) is arranged on the ratchet wheel; wherein the sliding sleeve (6) is designed to change a position of the locking sleeve (2) and / or to prevent a change in the position of the locking sleeve (2).

2. Synchronous clutch (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the sliding sleeve (6) has a locking groove (5) and wherein the ratchet wheel has a locking groove rotor (5) which is designed to block an axial movement of the sliding sleeve (6) in at least one operating state of the synchronous clutch (1).

3. Synchronous clutch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding sleeve (6) has at least a first axial position and a second axial position.

4. Synchronous clutch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking sleeve (2) has at least a first axial position, a second axial position and a third axial position and wherein the locking sleeve (2) is operatively connected to the ratchet wheel.

5. Synchronous clutch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding sleeve (6) is designed to be axially displaced by means of a switching unit (7).

6. Synchronous clutch (1) according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the locking groove (5) is at least substantially L-shaped.

7. System for operating and / or monitoring a synchronous clutch (1), which is configured to carry out a method according to one of the following claims and / or comprises: at least one synchronous clutch (1) according to one of the preceding claims; at least one drive machine which is operatively connected to the input sleeve (11) of the synchronous clutch (1); at least one output shaft which is operatively connected to the ratchet gear carrier; and at least one machine which is operatively connected to the output shaft and / or the ratchet gear carrier.

8. A method for operating a synchronous clutch (1) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, wherein the method comprises: Deactivating the synchronizer clutch (1) when the synchronizer clutch (1) is in a disengaged state, wherein the deactivation comprises axially displacing the sliding sleeve (6) into its second position; Reactivating the synchronous clutch (1) when the synchronous clutch (1) is in a disengaged state by moving the sliding sleeve (6) into its first axial position so that a pawl (8) is activated; and / or Locking the synchronous clutch (1) when the synchronous clutch (1) is in an engaged state, wherein the locking comprises an axial displacement of the sliding sleeve (6) into its second position;

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