Tool module and assembly unit for grounding and short-circuiting a line and method for mechanically coupling a tool module to a clamp

Abstract

A tool module (14) for grounding and short-circuiting a conductor of a high- or medium-voltage system by means of at least one terminal (18), wherein the tool module (14) has a connection interface (26) via which the tool module (14) can be coupled to the terminal (18). The tool module (14) has a locking mechanism (38) in the area of ​​the connection interface (26), which is configured to release the connection interface (26) in a first operating state so that the terminal (18) can be coupled via the connection interface (26). The locking mechanism (38) is configured to block the connection interface (26) in a second operating state so that the terminal (18) cannot be coupled via the connection interface (26). The tool module (14) has an actuator (46) that interacts with the locking mechanism (38) and is configured to adjust the locking mechanism (38) between the first and second operating states.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a tool module and an assembly unit for grounding and short-circuiting a conductor by means of at least one clamp. The invention also relates to a method for mechanically coupling a tool module to a clamp.

[0002] Short-circuiting devices for grounding and short-circuiting a line typically consist of a grounding clamp for mounting on a grounded overhead line mast or other grounded metallic structures, and at least one phase clamp for mounting on a de-energized overhead line. Both clamps are connected with a flexible electrical conductor, also called a short-circuiting cable, with sufficient current-carrying capacity. The clamps and the conductor, which together form the short-circuiting device, are generally used as a fixed unit, with the at least three components being transported, installed, and removed while securely bolted together.

[0003] To install the short-circuiting device, the grounding clamp is first connected to earth, for example, to a protective earth (PE) conductor. The phase clamp is then connected to a grounding rod using a mechanical adapter and secured to the overhead line by twisting. Disassembly of the short-circuiting device is performed in reverse order: first, the phase clamp is removed from the overhead line, and then the grounding clamp is removed from earth. Installation and removal of the short-circuiting device are typically carried out by a technician on site. Since the clamps are installed on a high- or medium-voltage line, it is essential to take safety precautions to ensure workplace safety, in particular by adhering to the prescribed installation sequence.

[0004] Another aspect relevant to occupational safety is the predefined tightening torque required to attach the phase clamp to the conductor and the ground clamp to earth. This is particularly important to ensure a safe electrical short circuit between the conductor and earth. The tightening torque of the clamps is defined by the manufacturer of the short-circuiting device.

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a tool module and an assembly unit for grounding and short-circuiting a line and a method for mechanically coupling a tool module with a clamp, which increase occupational safety when working on high and medium voltage systems.

[0006] The problem is solved according to the invention by a tool module for grounding and short-circuiting a conductor of a high- or medium-voltage system by means of at least one terminal. The tool module has a connection interface via which it can be coupled to the terminal. Furthermore, the tool module has a locking mechanism in the area of ​​the connection interface, which is configured to release the connection interface in a first operating state so that the terminal can be coupled via the connection interface. The locking mechanism is also configured to block the connection interface in a second operating state so that the terminal cannot be coupled via the connection interface. The tool module has an actuator that interacts with the locking mechanism and is configured to adjust the locking mechanism between the first and second operating states.

[0007] In the following, the term "terminal" refers to both a phase terminal and an earth terminal. Both terminals can be connected directly to the tool module or indirectly, for example via a terminal adapter. This provides a connection interface that allows for coupling with a phase terminal, an earth terminal, or a terminal adapter.

[0008] The invention is based on the fundamental principle that coupling the tool module with the clamp, either directly or indirectly, is only possible if the connection interface has been switched from the second operating state to the first operating state by the drive, thus releasing the connection interface. The locking mechanism is an electrical or electromechanical lock that can only be adjusted by the (electrical) drive. This reliably prevents a clamp from being mounted if the assembly sequence is inadvertently not followed, for example, if an attempt is made to mount the phase clamp first and then the ground clamp, or to remove the ground clamp first and then the phase clamp. In such a case, the lock would not release the connection interface, and coupling between the tool module and the clamp would not be possible.The locking mechanism and the drive together form a locking system that prevents incorrect use, as the specified assembly and disassembly sequence must be followed. This increases workplace safety.

[0009] Basically, the connection interface does not have to be completely blocked; it is sufficient if the connection interface is partially blocked so that direct or indirect coupling of the terminal is no longer possible.

[0010] The drive can be an electric motor, a coil drive, and / or a servo drive. The motor is preferably located centrally in the tool module.

[0011] The locking mechanism is designed to secure the connection interface even after coupling, ensuring the clamp is firmly connected. This prevents accidental or premature removal of the tool module from the clamp, for example, if the required tightening torque has not yet been reached. This also enhances workplace safety.

[0012] The tool module according to the invention thus offers the advantage that the short-circuiting device cannot be assembled or disassembled if the sequence is reversed, which would pose a significant safety risk to the installer. Furthermore, the tool module according to the invention also enables a secure connection between the tool module and the clamp after it has been coupled to the clamp, until the clamp has been tightened with the required torque. The clamp is therefore securely coupled to the tool module until it is fully closed.

[0013] The tool module can have a first end with a handling interface and a second end opposite the first, with the connection interface. The handling interface is designed to be connected to a grounding rod. In other words, the clamp is connected to the side of the tool module opposite the grounding rod. This provides an optimal mounting angle for the installer and facilitates attaching the clamp to the overhead line of the high- or medium-voltage line.

[0014] The locking mechanism can have at least one locking element that is mechanically adjustable via the drive. Specifically, the at least one locking element is a half-pin, a locking pin, and / or a bolt. In other words, the at least one locking element is adjusted or repositioned by the drive so that it at least partially blocks the connection interface, thus preventing the clamp from being coupled to the tool module when coupling is not permitted at that time, for example, because an attempt is being made to couple the wrong clamp to the tool module. Specifically, the at least one locking element is adjusted by rotation. Alternatively, the at least one locking element can also be moved or extended and retracted. Various shapes are conceivable for the locking element, provided the shape allows for blocking the connection interface.The only important thing is that at least one locking element can at least partially block the connection interface and thus prevent (direct or indirect) coupling between the tool module and the clamp if this is not allowed for safety reasons.

[0015] The locking mechanism can have multiple locking elements that are jointly adjustable via a gearbox. The motor, located in the tool module, drives the gearbox, causing the locking elements to be adjusted or rotated, either blocking or releasing the connection interface. With multiple locking elements, the drive preferably adjusts them synchronously, i.e., simultaneously, so that all locking elements block or release the connection interface at the same time. The gearbox can have a central drive pinion to which the drive is coupled, as well as additional gears that are synchronously driven by the drive pinion. The locking elements are associated with, and in particular connected to, these additional gears.

[0016] According to one aspect of the invention, the connection interface can have a receptacle comprising a base and a laterally bounding wall aligned parallel to a longitudinal axis of the tool module, wherein the locking mechanism is provided at least partially in the wall and / or the base. This ensures that the locking mechanism, with its at least one locking element, extends from the wall or base into the receptacle, thus reliably blocking the connection interface in the second operating state. The locking element can form an axial stop when in the second operating state and blocking the connection interface. Therefore, the clamp cannot be inserted directly or via a clamp adapter into the receptacle, as the axial insertion direction is blocked.

[0017] The receptacle itself can have a triangular or polygonal base, which prevents the clamp or clamp adapter from rotating within it, as would be the case with a round receptacle. The receptacle therefore has a triangular or polygonal base. In the second operating state, the locking elements extend into the receptacle. Optionally, the locking elements can be formed within a projection inside the receptacle, so that in the second operating state, the locking elements protrude beyond the projection.

[0018] A catch funnel can be attached to the holder, making it easier to insert the clamp into the holder. The catch funnel extends away from the tool module and towards the clamp.

[0019] In principle, the design can also be reversed, so that a insertion opening is formed on the clamp or a clamp adapter, to which a catch funnel is optionally connected. The connection interface of the tool module is then formed at a free end of the tool module, which is inserted into the insertion opening. The locking mechanism is provided in the area of ​​the free end, in particular whereby the locking elements project axially and / or laterally in the second operating state to prevent coupling.

[0020] According to one aspect of the invention, the locking mechanism blocks or releases the connection interface of the tool module depending on a terminal parameter. In particular, the terminal parameter is an identifier, the type and / or state of the terminal, and / or a serial number of the terminal. The connection interface of the tool module is therefore only released if the terminal to be connected is the correct terminal type, i.e., grounding terminal or phase terminal, and / or a terminal in the correct state, i.e., open or closed, and / or the correct terminal, which can be identified by its serial number. The serial number of the terminal also allows conclusions to be drawn about the entire short-circuiting device, so that the short-circuiting device can also be identified by its serial number. This is important in the case of multi-pole short-circuiting devices.In multi-pole short-circuiting devices, all terminals of a short-circuiting device are uniquely identified by the device's serial number, and the function of each terminal is indicated by a supplementary unique counter number. Thus, the short-circuiting device can be identified based on the terminal's serial number, and vice versa.

[0021] The terminal parameter can represent the terminal's state, type, and / or serial number. Consequently, coupling between the terminal adapter and tool module only occurs, for example, if it is the correct terminal in the correct state.

[0022] The tool module may also include at least one communication unit and / or one sensor.

[0023] The communication unit can include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The tool module can use the communication unit to send, for example, sensor data to a memory and / or signals to the terminal or a terminal adapter.

[0024] In addition, the tool module can also receive data such as at least one terminal parameter, a tightening torque, or other sensor data via the communication unit.

[0025] The communication unit can be designed in such a way that wireless communication takes place.

[0026] In principle, the communication unit can be configured as an NFC and / or Bluetooth communication unit. It can therefore support both communication standards or other wireless communication standards.

[0027] The communication unit allows the tool module to communicate with the clamp or clamp adapter without requiring direct contact between the clamp or clamp adapter and the tool module. The communication unit can have a loop-shaped or ring-shaped conductor attached to or within the tool module, preferably functioning as an antenna, for example, an NFC antenna. In a particular embodiment, the loop-shaped or ring-shaped conductor can be designed as a circular annular conductor. A conductor functioning as an (NFC) antenna has the advantage that all communication can be wireless, thus eliminating the need for direct contact between the tool module and the transmitter of at least one clamp parameter.This means that, in the event of a non-safety-compliant connection, the connection interface is blocked before the actual contact (direct or indirect) between the terminal and the tool module, preventing the terminal from being connected to the tool module at all. This further increases workplace safety.

[0028] The communication unit can be located either inside the tool module or on its outside. In particular, the antenna of the communication unit is located on the outside of the tool module, while a processor of the communication unit is located inside the tool module.

[0029] The tool module can also include an evaluation unit that is connected to the communication unit for information exchange and that, for example, reads and analyzes at least one terminal parameter when the terminal or terminal adapter is approached, and generates an evaluation result. Based on this evaluation result, the locking mechanism is controlled accordingly, among other things.

[0030] The at least one sensor, which can be installed in the tool module or along an outer surface of the tool module, can be an electronic torque sensor used to determine the torque transmitted via the tool module. This sensor is designed, for example, as a pressure sensor located on and / or in a wall of the fixture, in particular the base or a side wall of the fixture. When the clamp or clamp adapter rotates, it exerts a measurable pressure on the wall of the fixture. The sensor measures this pressure, and, for example, the evaluation unit can determine the applied force from the measured pressure and a known contact area, which essentially corresponds to the sensor area. From the determined force, together with the radius corresponding to the distance of the pressure sensor from the axis of rotation, the torque can then be calculated.

[0031] In general, the torque can be detected by a sensor at a point where the torque must be transmitted, for example, in the area of ​​a handling interface through which the grounding rod can be coupled to the tool module. The sensor can therefore be located at a base point of the tool module. For example, a section of the tool module perpendicular to the axis of rotation is divided into two areas that can be rotated slightly relative to each other. The movement tolerance can be limited by at least one end stop, in particular by two mechanical end stops, one for each direction of rotation. If two end stops are provided, two sensors can also be provided, each assigned to one of the end stops. When the tool module is rotated, the respective end stop exerts a force on the corresponding sensor. The arrangement of the sensor in the area of ​​the handling interface or...The advantage of placing the sensor at the base of the tool module is that at least one sensor is encapsulated within the tool module, thus protecting it from contamination.

[0032] The torque sensor can also be designed as end position contacts or strain gauges.

[0033] Alternatively or additionally, at least one sensor can also be an electric field detector, which further increases workplace safety. The sensor detects electric (alternating) fields and measures a displacement current. Physically, its sensor technology is similar to the measuring principle used in a distance voltage test. In the case of a de-energized line, the line emits no or only a weak electric field. The electric field detector performs a measurement to verify the absence of voltage when approaching the line. In the event of a previous fault, such as a reversed wire, the sensor can detect an existing electric field when the tool module approaches the line.The sensor signal can then be evaluated by the evaluation unit, so that a signal is generated as soon as the tool adapter approaches the clamp, and thus before a potentially dangerous arc flash occurs. This signal is then output by the tool module and warns the technician of the impending danger of an arc flash. Such a field detector can be designed as a loop or ring-shaped sensor located at the end of the arc flash funnel. Alternatively, the sensor can also comprise several individual elements that are located on the arc flash funnel, on an outer surface of the tool module, or inside the tool module.

[0034] In principle, the evaluation result can be used to control the locking mechanism. In addition, a haptic, acoustic, and / or optical interface can be controlled accordingly to provide direct feedback to the user of the tool module, for example, a display, a light source, a speaker, or a vibration element. Likewise, the evaluation result can be used to transmit a signal via the communication unit to a separately designed device, which then provides the corresponding feedback, i.e., haptic, acoustic, and / or optical feedback.

[0035] Furthermore, the tool module can be equipped with an acceleration and / or gyroscope. The acceleration sensor can detect hard impacts or the free fall of the tool module. This data can then be used to determine the stress on the tool module during operation, thus supporting subsequent maintenance measures. The gyroscope can detect the rotational movement when the clamp(s) are tightened or loosened. A combination of both sensors, when a continuous motionless state is detected, indicates a period of inactivity, during which the electronics' energy consumption can be reduced, thereby extending battery life. The acceleration and / or gyroscope can be designed as micromechanical sensors, so-called MEMS.

[0036] The problem is further solved according to the invention with an assembly unit for grounding and short-circuiting a conductor of a high- or medium-voltage system by means of a clamp. The assembly unit comprises at least one clamp adapter and the tool module. The clamp adapter has a clamp interface for the clamp and a connection section that is configured to interact with the locking mechanism of the tool module.

[0037] The terminal can therefore also be indirectly coupled to the tool module via the terminal adapter, whereby coupling is only possible if the locking mechanism has released the connection interface.

[0038] The tool module's connection interface can have a receptacle for the clamp adapter, the clamp adapter having a shape corresponding to the receptacle, thus ensuring a mechanically rotationally fixed connection between the tool module and the clamp adapter in a coupled state. The clamp adapter and the tool module, or rather the connection interface, are therefore optimally matched in terms of their shape. Furthermore, using a clamp adapter has the advantage that no special clamp or a tool module specifically designed for a particular clamp is required. Instead, it is sufficient for the clamp adapter and the tool module to be compatible. Therefore, any standard clamp can be used with the mounting unit and coupled to the clamp adapter via the clamp interface.The clamp adapter is then coupled via the connection section to the locking mechanism of the tool module, to which the grounding rod can be attached. This provides a mechanically rotationally rigid connection between the clamp and the grounding rod, and each clamp can be coupled to the universal tool module.

[0039] The terminal adapter and the connection interface of the tool module can be plugged into each other.

[0040] If the tool module has a receptacle, the corresponding clamp adapter has a plug-in section through which the clamp adapter is inserted into the connection interface. If the connection interface is located at a free end of the tool module, the corresponding clamp adapter has a plug-in opening into which the connection interface is inserted. This allows for simple and secure insertion of the tool module and clamp adapter, which facilitates overhead coupling. The insertion process is further simplified by the catch. If the connection interface is located at the free end of the tool module, the catch can also be positioned on the clamp adapter, adjacent to the plug-in opening. This offers the advantage of better visual monitoring of the coupling process when working overhead.

[0041] The mounting unit can include at least one clamp with a threaded spindle that is fixed to the clamp adapter, allowing the clamp's threaded spindle to be moved via the adapter. To open or close the clamp, the threaded spindle is rotated within the clamp using the mounting unit.

[0042] The problem is further solved by a method for mechanically coupling a tool module to a clamp for grounding and short-circuiting a conductor of a high- or medium-voltage system. The method comprises the following steps.

[0043] In a first step, the previously described tool module is provided. Then, depending on a terminal parameter, the locking mechanism is activated, either releasing the connection interface or remaining in the blocked position, thus keeping the connection interface blocked. The terminal is then coupled via the tool module's connection interface with the connection interface released, and subsequently the locking mechanism is engaged, establishing a rotationally fixed mechanical connection between the terminal and the tool module.

[0044] This method utilizes a clamping adapter that includes a clamping interface for the clamp and a connection section for coupling the adapter to the tool module's connection interface. Specifically, the clamping adapter is inserted into a receptacle on the tool module, with the adapter having a shape corresponding to the receptacle. This ensures a mechanically rotationally rigid connection between the clamping adapter and the tool module, allowing torque to be transmitted from the tool module to the clamp or the clamp's threaded spindle.

[0045] Additionally, a separately designed assembly support can be coupled to the tool module. This assembly support generates a torque to tighten or loosen the clamp connected to the tool module. An electric motor with a gear reduction and / or electronic speed / torque control can be used as the assembly support. For example, the assembly support motor is located in a section of the grounding rod that is close to the installer, such as in a handle on the insulating grounding rod. This shifts the weight of the motor closer to the installer's hands, significantly facilitating handling. The assembly support can be a battery-powered power tool.

[0046] The assembly support allows you to set the tightening torque that should be applied to ensure the clamp is professionally installed.

[0047] In particular, there is a wireless communication link between the assembly support and the communication unit of the tool module, so that, for example, the tightening torque can be transmitted from the tool module to the assembly support.

[0048] Further advantages and features will become apparent from the following description and the referenced drawings. The drawings show: Figure 1 a schematic representation of an assembly device according to the invention with a tool module according to the invention; Figure 2 a schematic representation of the connection interface with a locking mechanism for the tool module Figure 1 ; Figure 3 ; a schematic representation of the locking mechanism Figure 2 including drive; Figure 4 an enlarged view of the connection interface Figure 2 , with locking elements and sensors; Figure 5a schematic representation of the operating principle of a pressure sensor in the connection interface Figure 4 ; Figure 6 a schematic representation of a pressure sensor in the area of ​​the base of the tool module, Figure 7 schematic representation of the operating principle of the pressure sensor from Figure 6 , Figure 8 a schematic representation of an assembly system according to the invention with the tool module made of Figure 1 ; Figure 9 a schematic representation of a mounting support on a grounding rod, which is made with the tool module according to the invention. Figure 1 is connectable; and Figure 10 a schematic representation of a method for coupling the tool module with the clamp adapter made of Figure 1 .

[0049] In Figure 1 A mounting unit 10 is shown, with which a line such as an overhead line of a high or medium voltage system can be grounded and short-circuited.

[0050] The assembly unit 10 includes a terminal adapter 12 and a tool module 14.

[0051] The clamping adapter 12 and the tool module 14 can be mechanically coupled to each other by being plugged into one another, so that a rotationally fixed connection between the clamping adapter 12 and the tool module 14 can be established, as will be explained in detail below.

[0052] A torque can be transmitted via the rotationally fixed connection from an earthing rod 16 to a terminal 18 of a short-circuiting device which is coupled to the terminal adapter 12, as shown in Figure 1 becomes clear.

[0053] The grounding rod 16 is insulated, extendable and rotatable, so that a fitter can transfer a torque via the mounting unit 10 to the terminal 18.

[0054] Terminal 18 can be either an earth terminal or a phase terminal of a short-circuiting device. Any terminal 18 commonly found in a short-circuiting device can be used as terminal 18.

[0055] To mount or dismount the clamp 18, it is either directly coupled to the tool module 14 or indirectly connected to the tool module 14 via the clamp adapter 12, as shown in the embodiment shown. Figure 1 that is the case.

[0056] More precisely, a threaded spindle 20 of the terminal 18, via which the terminal 18 can be moved from an open state to a closed state and back to an open state, is connected to the terminal adapter 12.

[0057] The terminal adapter 12 has a terminal interface 22 which can be coupled to the threaded spindle 20 of the terminal 18. This fixes the threaded spindle 20 in the terminal adapter 12, and the threaded spindle 20 can be moved via the terminal adapter 12 so that the terminal 18 can be closed or opened.

[0058] A connection section 24 is provided at the end of the terminal adapter 12 opposite the terminal interface 22. The connection section 24 is designed to interact with or be coupled to the tool module 14.

[0059] The connection section 24 of the terminal adapter 12 has a triangular basic shape with rounded corners.

[0060] To connect the terminal adapter 12 and the tool module 14, the connection section 24 of the terminal adapter 12 is inserted into a receptacle 28 of the connection interface 26. Alternatively, the connection section 24 can also be designed such that the connection interface 26 of the tool module 14 is inserted into the connection section 24 of the terminal adapter 12.

[0061] The connecting section 24 and the receptacle 28 have corresponding shapes, such that a mechanically rotationally fixed connection exists between the tool module 14 and the clamping adapter 12 in a coupled state. In other words, the receptacle 28 has a basic shape that corresponds to the connecting section 24 of the clamping adapter 12. This prevents the tool module 14 from rotating relative to the clamping adapter 12. The design of the connection interface 26 and the receptacle 28 will be described later with reference to Figure 2 further discussed.

[0062] To simplify the insertion of tool module 14 and clamp adapter 12, the tool module 14 has a catch funnel 32 at one end 30. The catch funnel 32 thus connects to the receptacle 28 of the tool module 14 and is part of the connection interface 26.

[0063] At one end 34 of the tool module 14, opposite the connection interface 26, a handling interface 36 is provided, via which the tool module 14 can be connected to the grounding rod 16. The grounding rod 16 can be screwed onto the handling interface 36 of the tool module 14.

[0064] Ultimately, a rotation of the grounding rod 16 leads to a change in the state of the terminal 18 when the mounting unit 10 is coupled to the terminal 18, because the threaded spindle 20 is rotated.

[0065] However, in order to prevent the terminal 18 from being opened or closed if, for example, a mounting sequence of the short-circuiting device is not followed, such as mounting a phase terminal before an earth terminal or removing an earth terminal before the phase terminal, the connection interface 26 of the tool module 14 has a locking mechanism 38 in the area of ​​the connection interface 26.

[0066] The locking mechanism 38 is particularly well suited to the Figures 2 to 4 to be seen. Basically, the locking mechanism 38 is designed to release the connection interface 26 of the tool module 14 in a first operating state, so that the terminal 18 can be coupled directly or indirectly via this interface, and to block it in a second operating state to prevent the terminal 18 from being coupled.

[0067] In detail, this means that in the second operating state, the connection interface 26 or the receptacle 28 is blocked by the locking mechanism 38, so that the terminal adapter 12 cannot be inserted into the receptacle 28. In the second operating state, the locking mechanism 38 can form an axial stop for the terminal adapter 12.

[0068] Out of Figure 2 It is also evident that the locking mechanism 38 does not completely block the connection interface 26, but can only project partially from the side walls 40 of the receptacle 28 into the receptacle 28 in order to change the receptacle cross-section. However, this prevents the terminal adapter 12 from being inserted into the receptacle 28.

[0069] In the first operating state, in which the receptacle 28 is released by the locking mechanism 38 and which is in the Figures 2 to 4As shown, the terminal adapter 12 can be inserted into the receptacle 28 and coupled to the connection interface 26, so that a mechanically rotationally fixed connection exists between the tool module 14 and the terminal adapter 12 in the coupled state.

[0070] In the illustrated embodiment, the locking mechanism 38 has three locking elements 42, each designed as a half-pin, which is particularly evident from Figure 3 becomes clear.

[0071] The locking elements 42 are arranged such that they extend along a longitudinal axis L of the tool module 14 from a base 44 of the receptacle 28 in the direction of the catch funnel 32.

[0072] The locking elements 42 are arranged such that they extend in exceptions formed parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the tool module 14 in the receptacle 28 of the connection interface 26, in particular in the side walls 40 of the receptacle 28.

[0073] The base 44 of the receptacle 28 has a triangular shape, so that the receptacle 28 is laterally bounded by three side walls 40. Each of the three walls 40 is parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the tool module 14 and has a corresponding recess for a locking element 42.

[0074] The locking elements 42 are arranged centrally in the side walls 40 and have a height that essentially corresponds to the depth of the receptacle 28 of the connection interface 26. Thus, in the second operating state of the tool module 14, the insertion of the terminal adapter 12 into the tool module 14 would be prevented at the outermost end of the connection interface 26.

[0075] The locking elements 42 have a semicircular cross-section, so that in the first operating position they are flush with the side walls 40, while in the second operating position they are rotated so that their curvature projects from the respective side wall 40 into the corresponding recess in the receptacle 28, thus fully exposing the basic shape of the receptacle 28. The semicircular cross-section allows the locking elements 42 to be rotated particularly efficiently while simultaneously saving space.

[0076] Alternatively or additionally, the locking elements 42 can also be arranged in such a way that they are at least partially provided in the base 44 of the receptacle 28 and, for example, protrude from the base 44 in the second operating state to prevent or block coupling.

[0077] Out of Figure 3It is evident that the locking elements 42 are mechanically adjustable via a drive 46. The drive 46 is centrally installed in the tool module 14 and is preferably an electric motor. Thus, the locking mechanism 38 is an electromechanical locking mechanism.

[0078] The drive 46 interacts with the locking mechanism 38 or the locking elements 42 and is designed to adjust the locking mechanism 38 between the first operating state and the second operating state.

[0079] More precisely, the locking elements 42 are each rotated by 180° by the drive 46, so that, depending on the position of the locking elements 42, they at least partially block the receptacle 28.

[0080] During adjustment, all three locking elements 42 are moved synchronously via a gearbox 48. For this purpose, the gearbox 48 is driven by the drive 46 and rotates each locking element 42 by 180° so that they extend into the receptacle 28, thus reducing the receptacle cross-section. Consequently, the clamp 18 cannot be coupled to the tool module 14.

[0081] In Figure 4 In addition to the locking elements 42, two pressure sensors 50 are also visible. The pressure sensors 50 are located between the locking elements 42 and a corner of the receptacle 28. The pressure sensors 50 are arranged on opposite side walls 40 of the receptacle 28. A total of up to six pressure sensors 50 can be arranged in the receptacle 28. Redundancy can be created or accuracy increased by using a larger number of pressure sensors 50.

[0082] The pressure sensors 50 can be used to determine the torque currently transmitted between terminal adapter 12 and tool module 14.

[0083] The operating principle of the pressure sensors 50 is described in Figure 5 As shown. When the tool module 14 is rotated against the clamping adapter 12, the clamping adapter 12 presses against the walls 40 of the receptacle 28 and the pressure sensors 50 installed therein.

[0084] The pressure sensor 50 measures the pressure p exerted on it. From the measured pressure p together with the also known contact area A between terminal adapter 12 and tool module 14, which essentially corresponds to the surface of the pressure sensor 50, the exerted force F can be determined.

[0085] From the determined force F, the torque θ can then be calculated together with the radius r, which corresponds to the distance of the pressure sensor 50 from the axis of rotation D of the terminal adapter 12. Thus, the force F can be calculated from the pressure p measured by the pressure sensor 50 using F = p * A. The torque is then obtained from the force F and the distance r using the formula θ = F * r.

[0086] Alternatively or additionally to the pressure sensors 50 in the area of ​​the connection interface 26, pressure sensors 50 can be arranged in the area of ​​a base point of the tool module 14, i.e., in the area of ​​the handling interface 36, via which the tool module 14 can be connected to the grounding rod 16. This is shown in Figure 6 shown.

[0087] The pressure sensors 50 can be arranged in an area of ​​the tool module 14 that is slightly rotatable relative to an end stop 51 when a torque is transmitted. In particular, two end stops 51 are provided, namely one end stop 51 for each direction of rotation.

[0088] The respective pressure sensor 50 and the associated end stop 51 can be aligned with each other such that they are each oriented perpendicular to the axis of rotation D. In other words, a normal N of a sensor surface of the respective pressure sensor 50, via which the pressure sensor 50 interacts with the end stop 51, is perpendicular to the axis of rotation D. The corresponding operating principle of the in Figure 6 The arrangement shown results from Figure 7 .

[0089] In addition to the pressure sensor 50, the tool module 14 in the illustrated embodiment has another sensor, namely an electric field detector 52. This is in Figure 8 schematically represented.

[0090] The electric field detector 52 performs a voltage-free measurement when approaching the overhead line. In the event of a fault, such as a reversed conductor or a lack of voltage, the field detector 52 can detect an emanating electric field as soon as it approaches the overhead line, thus generating a signal before a potentially dangerous arc flash occurs. This signal is output by tool module 14 via an output unit 54, warning a technician.

[0091] The field detector 52 can be arranged at the end of the trap funnel 32, i.e. at the end of the tool module 14 that points towards the overhead line during use.

[0092] The output unit 54 can be a haptic, acoustic and / or optical output unit, for example a vibration element, a loudspeaker or a light element or a display, through which a warning light or a message is output.

[0093] Furthermore, the tool module 14 has a communication unit 56 which is set up to record one of the terminal parameters assigned to terminal 18.

[0094] Depending on the detected terminal parameter, the connection interface 26 of the tool module 14 is blocked or released by either retracting the locking mechanism 38 into or out of the receptacle 28, as explained above.

[0095] The terminal parameter is an identification, a type and / or a state of terminal 18 and / or a serial number of terminal 18.

[0096] The communication unit 56 has a loop- or ring-shaped conductor 57, which is attached to the tool module 14. The in Figure 6 The loop- or ring-shaped conductor 57 shown functions as an (NFC) antenna.

[0097] The communication unit 56 is designed to send and / or receive sensor data and / or signals. It therefore includes a transmitter and / or a receiver.

[0098] The communication unit 56 can receive data from the pressure sensors 50 and the electric field detectors 52 and / or send data, for example data on a tightening torque with which the terminal 18 is to be or has been fixed to the line, to an external memory 58.

[0099] The communication unit 56 can also send a pressure measured by the pressure sensors 50 or a calculated force to the memory 58.

[0100] In memory 58, in addition to the sensor data and the tightening torque, all terminal parameters of all terminals 18 installed in the short-circuiting device are also stored.

[0101] The communication unit 56 can retrieve or read the data stored in memory 58 at any time.

[0102] The communication unit 56 can also communicate with the terminal adapter 12, more precisely with an identification means 60 of the terminal adapter 12.

[0103] The identification means 60 is located in the area of ​​the connection section 24 of the terminal adapter 12 and comprises non-volatile electronic storage elements that can be activated, detected, read and / or written via wireless communication, for example near field communication (NFC tag).

[0104] The identification device 60 of terminal 18, for example, contains the serial number of terminal 18 as well as the serial number of the entire short-circuiting device with at least two terminals 18. Furthermore, the terminal function and the current state of terminal 18 are also stored on the identification device 60.

[0105] The identification means 60 of the terminal adapter 12 thus provides the communication unit 56 with various data about the terminal 18 and the short-circuiting device.

[0106] The communication unit 56, which is designed as an antenna for NFC communication, is set up to read the identification means 60 of the terminal adapter 12 and thus obtain all the necessary data that the tool module 14 needs to correctly control the locking mechanism 38.

[0107] Alternatively or additionally, the communication unit 56 can also describe the identification means 60 of the terminal adapter 12 and thus, for example, overwrite, update and save the current state of the terminal 18, i.e., open or closed, or the current position of the terminal 18 on the identification means 60.

[0108] In addition to the functional and status data of terminal 18, a counter reading for the completed assembly and disassembly cycles is also stored on the identification device 60 of terminal 18. For this purpose, the current counter reading is first read from the identification device 60 of terminal 18 by the communication unit 56 of the tool module 14. After a change in the state of terminal 18, i.e., after the movement of the threaded spindle 20 of terminal 18, the new counter reading is stored on the identification device 60.

[0109] In addition, further counter readings are also stored on the identification device 60 and read from it, such as the number of electronically detected mechanical or electrical faults or an operating hours counter.

[0110] The tool module 14 together with the clamp adapter 12 and the external memory 58 constitute the Figure 6 The illustrated assembly system 62 is shown.

[0111] In addition to the memory 58 and the identification means 60, the communication unit 56 can also be coupled with a mobile device 63. The mobile device 63 can be part of the assembly system 62 shown.

[0112] The mobile device 63 is, for example, a smartphone or a tablet. Via a wireless communication connection, such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), ZigBee, or Wi-Fi, the communication unit 56 can transmit terminal parameters, sensor data, or counter readings from the tool module 14 to the mobile device 63 or retrieve them from the mobile device 63. Furthermore, the battery charge levels of the tool module 14 and other essential operating parameters can be recorded, logged, and displayed. Operating parameters, such as the gain and warning threshold of the electric field sensor, can also be set in the tool module 14 from the mobile device 63.

[0113] Along with data transfer to the mobile device 63, server or cloud applications of the assembly unit 10 or the tool module 14 are also possible. For example, digital work plans with documentation of the successfully completed (dis)assembly steps of the terminals 18 or the short-circuiting device can be saved and transferred, the tightening torque of the terminals 18 can be logged in the work plan, the fitters can be guided in their work, terminals 18 or short-circuiting devices can be located on the mobile device 63 using GPS coordinates, or maintenance plans can be introduced and logged with the support of the terminals 18.

[0114] The mobile device 63 can basically serve as an output device.

[0115] Furthermore, the communication unit 56 is connected and coupled to an evaluation unit 64 for information exchange. The evaluation unit 64 can be located within the tool module 14, as shown in Figure 6 As shown, it can also be located outside of tool module 14 and connected to it via a wireless communication link, for example as a cloud application on a server.

[0116] The evaluation unit 64 is configured to evaluate the terminal parameter(s) assigned to terminal 18 in order to identify terminal 18 and output an evaluation result. Depending on the evaluation result, the locking elements 42 are then controlled to either enable or disable the connection interface 26. With the connection interface 26 enabled, the terminal adapter 12 and the tool module 14 can connect to each other, and terminal 18 can be opened or closed.

[0117] As in Figure 9 As shown, a mounting support 66 can be coupled with the tool module 14, more precisely with the grounding rod 16, to facilitate the opening or closing of the terminal 18.

[0118] The mounting support 66 generates a torque so that the clamp 18 coupled to the tool module 14 can be tightened or loosened.

[0119] The assembly support 66 has an electric motor 68 with a gear reduction and / or electronic speed / torque control. The motor 68 of the assembly support 66 is located in a section of the grounding rod 16 that is close to the installer 70, such as in a handle 72 of the grounding rod 16. This shifts the weight of the motor 68 towards the installer 70.

[0120] A wireless communication link exists between the assembly support 66 and the communication unit 56 of the tool module 14, so that the tool module 14 can, for example, transmit the desired tightening torque to the assembly support 66.

[0121] As from the in Figure 6 As can be seen from the illustrated embodiment, the tool module 14 has an electronics compartment 74 for the electronics, e.g., the communication unit 56, a controller, the drive 46, and / or a battery. The electronics compartment 74 is arranged in a housing part 76, which has a base 78 in which the pressure sensors 50 are arranged, in particular in recesses 80 of the base 78.

[0122] A flange 82, on which the end stops 51 are arranged, adjoins the base 78 of the housing part 76, which surrounds the electronics compartment 74. The end stops 51 are provided at one end of the flange 82, opposite the handling interface 36.

[0123] The housing part 76 is connected to the flange 82 via fastening means 84 in such a way that a slight relative rotation between the housing part 76 and the flange 82 is possible, whereby a corresponding force can be exerted from the end stops 51 on the pressure sensors 50 when a rotation of the tool module 12 takes place.

[0124] As explained above, the pressure sensors 50 can in principle be replaced by other types of sensors which are designed to detect a torque directly or a parameter from which the torque can be deduced.

[0125] Figure 10 The figure shows the procedure for mounting or dismounting terminal 18 of the short-circuiting device for grounding and short-circuiting a line of a high or medium voltage system.

[0126] In a first step S1, the tool module 14 is provided. The tool module 14 is in a second operating state in which the connection interface 26 is blocked by the locking mechanism 38 with its locking elements 42.

[0127] The grounding rod 16 may already be connected to the tool module 14. The grounding rod 16 may also already be connected to the mounting support 66.

[0128] In a second step S2, terminal 18, which is coupled to the associated terminal adapter 12, is brought close to the tool module 14. An approach of, for example, 10 cm is sufficient for the communication unit 56 of the tool module 14 to reliably detect and read the terminal adapter 12 or its identification device 60.

[0129] In a third step S3, at least one terminal parameter is read from the identification means 60 of the terminal adapter 12 with the communication unit 56 of the tool module 14.

[0130] In a fourth step S4, the read terminal parameter is evaluated with the evaluation unit 64 of the tool module 14 and an evaluation result is generated.

[0131] Depending on the evaluation result, and thus ultimately also depending on the terminal parameter, in a fifth step S5 either the locking mechanism 38 is controlled so that it releases the connection interface 26, or the locking mechanism 38 is left in its position so that the connection interface 26 remains blocked. The connection interface 26 is only released if the correct terminal 18 has been selected in the assembly or disassembly sequence, which is determined via the terminal parameter.

[0132] In a sixth step S6, provided the correct terminal 18 has been selected and the connection interface 26 has been enabled, the terminal adapter 12 is coupled to the tool module 14 with the connection interface 26 enabled.

[0133] If the connection interface 26 was not enabled in step S5, no coupling can take place. Instead, a haptic, acoustic, and / or visual warning signal, such as a vibration, a warning tone, or a visual warning signal, can be output via the output unit 54 if, for example, the assembly sequence was not followed or terminals 18 were swapped. The output can also be provided via the mobile device 63.

[0134] In a seventh step S7, the locking mechanism 38 is locked after the tool module 14 is coupled to the terminal adapter 12. For this purpose, the terminal adapter 12, in the illustrated embodiment, has recesses 86 in its outer surface into which the locking elements 42 can engage when adjusted accordingly by the drive 46, namely into the locked position. Thus, a rotationally fixed mechanical connection is established between the terminal 18 and the tool module 14, and the terminal 18 can be mounted on or removed from the line.

[0135] As explained above, a torque can be applied to adjust the threaded spindle 20 of the clamp 18, i.e., to tighten the clamp 18.

[0136] The locking position of the locking elements 42 corresponds to the blocking position of the locking elements 42, i.e., the position in the second operating state. The locking position and the blocking position therefore differ only in whether the terminal 18 or the associated terminal end adapter 12 is inserted in the receptacle 28 of the tool module 14 (locking position) or not (blocking position).

[0137] When assembling or disassembling the terminal 18, the corresponding torque can be determined via the pressure sensors 50, as already explained above.

Claims

1. Tool module (14) for grounding and short-circuiting a line of a high- or medium-voltage system by means of at least one terminal (18), wherein the tool module (14) has a connection interface (26) via which the tool module (14) can be coupled to the terminal (18), wherein the tool module (14) has a locking mechanism (38) in the area of ​​the connection interface (26) which is configured to release the connection interface (26) in a first operating state so that the terminal (18) can be coupled via the connection interface (26), wherein the locking mechanism (38) is configured to block the connection interface (26) in a second operating state so that the terminal (18) cannot be coupled via the connection interface (26), and wherein the tool module (14) has a drive (46) which interacts with the locking mechanism (38) and is configuredto adjust the locking mechanism (38) between the first operating state and the second operating state.

2. Tool module (14) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the tool module (14) has a first end (34) at which a handling interface (36) is provided, and a second end (30) opposite the first end (34) at which the connection interface (26) is provided.

3. Tool module (14) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the locking mechanism (38) has at least one locking element (42) which is mechanically adjustable via the drive (46), in particular wherein the at least one locking element (42) is a half-pin, a locking pin and / or a bolt.

4. Tool module (14) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the locking mechanism (38) has several locking elements (42) which are jointly adjustable via a gearbox (48).

5. Tool module (14) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the connection interface (26) has a receptacle (28) which has a base (44) and a laterally bounding wall (40) which is aligned parallel to a longitudinal axis (L) of the tool module, wherein the locking mechanism (38) is provided at least partially in the wall (40) and / or in the base (44).

6. Tool module (14) according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that a funnel (32) is attached to the intake (28).

7. Tool module (14) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the locking mechanism (38) blocks or releases the connection interface (26) of the tool module (14) depending on a terminal parameter, in particular wherein the terminal parameter is an identification, the type and / or state of the terminal (18) and / or a serial number of the terminal (18).

8. Tool module (14) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact thatthe tool module (14) includes at least one communication unit (56) and / or one sensor.

9. Assembly unit (10) for grounding and short-circuiting a line of a high or medium voltage system by means of a terminal (18), wherein the assembly unit (10) comprises at least one terminal adapter (12) and the tool module (14) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the terminal adapter (12) has a terminal interface (22) for the terminal (18) and a connection section (24) which is configured to interact with the locking mechanism (38) of the tool module (14).

10. Assembly unit (10) according to claim 9, characterized by the fact thatthe connection interface (26) of the tool module (14) has a receptacle (28) for the clamp adapter (12), wherein the clamp adapter (12) has a shape corresponding to the receptacle (28), so that a mechanically rotationally fixed connection exists between the tool module (14) and the clamp adapter (12) in a coupled state.

11. Assembly unit (10) according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized by the fact that the terminal adapter (12) and the connection interface (26) of the tool module (14) can be plugged into each other.

12. Assembly unit (10) according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized by the fact that the assembly unit (10) comprises at least one clamp (18) with a threaded spindle (20) which is fixed to the clamp adapter (12) such that the threaded spindle (20) of the clamp (18) is movable via the clamp adapter (12).

13. A method for mechanically coupling a tool module (14) with a terminal (18) for grounding and short-circuiting a line of a high- or medium-voltage system, the method comprising the following steps: - providing the tool module (14) according to any one of claims 1 to 9; - depending on a terminal parameter of the terminal (18), controlling the locking mechanism (38) so that the connection interface (26) is released, or leaving the locking mechanism (38) in the blocked position so that the connection interface (26) remains blocked; - coupling the terminal (18) via the connection interface (26) of the tool module (14) with the connection interface (26) released; and - locking the locking mechanism (38) so that a rotationally fixed mechanical connection is established between the terminal (18) and the tool module (14).

14. Method according to claim 13, characterized by the fact thata terminal adapter (12) is used which has a terminal interface (22) for the terminal (18) and a connection section (24) via which the terminal adapter (12) is coupled to the connection interface (26) of the tool module (14), in particular wherein the terminal adapter (12) is inserted into a receptacle (28) of the tool module (14), wherein the terminal adapter (12) has a shape corresponding to the receptacle (28).

15. Method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized by the fact that a separately designed assembly support (66) is coupled to the tool module (14), wherein the assembly support (66) generates a torque to tighten or loosen the clamp (18) coupled to the tool module (14).

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