Device and method for exerting a force on a target region of an electrical conductor, and connection system

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for exerting a force (2) on a target region (3) of an electrical conductor (4), at least comprising: - an active portion (5) for bearing against the target region (3) and for applying the force (2) to the target region (3), and - a support portion (6) for support on a surrounding region (7) in order to dissipate the force (2), - wherein the active portion (5) is connected to the support portion (6) via a predetermined breaking point (8) in such a way that, as the support portion (6) is screwed into the surrounding region (7), the predetermined breaking point (8) is broken when the force (2) is exerted. According to the invention, at least in an initial state, the active portion (5) has an elevation (9) arranged in a central region of the active portion (5).

Description

[0001] Device and method for exerting a force on a target area of ​​an electrical conductor, as well as connection system

[0002] The present application claims priority from German patent application No. 10 2024 122 700.1, the contents of which are incorporated herein in full by reference.

[0003] The invention relates to a device for exerting a force on a target area of ​​an electrical conductor, comprising at least: an active section for contacting the target area and for applying the force to the target area, and a support section for support against an surrounding area in order to dissipate the force; wherein the active section is connected to the support section via a predetermined breaking point such that when the support section is rotated into the surrounding area during the exertion of the force, the predetermined breaking point is broken.

[0004] The invention further relates to a method for exerting a force on a target area of ​​an electrical conductor, comprising at least the following steps: a) supporting a support section on an surrounding area to dissipate the force, b) attaching an active section to the target area, c) applying the force to the target area, d) breaking a predetermined breaking point, via which the active section is connected to the support section, when the support section is rotated into the surrounding area to exert the force.

[0005] The invention also relates to a connection system.

[0006] Screw connections on pipes and / or cables are known from the general state of the art.

[0007] From EP 1 693 926 A1, a device for clamping and electrically contacting a connecting cable is known. From EP 1 693 926 A1, a terminal body for said device for clamping and electrically contacting a connecting cable, in particular a finely stranded transformer connecting cable, is also known.

[0008] DE 10 2006 048 177 A1 discloses a fastening device, in particular a shear bolt, with a thread which has a first section.

[0009] EP 1 378 671 B1 discloses a clamping screw for clamping and electrically contacting a connecting cable, in particular a fine-stranded transformer connecting cable, comprising a force application surface, a threaded section rotatable about a longitudinal axis, and a clamping element section. EP 2 867 547 B1 discloses a shear bolt, in particular for a device for screw-clamping electrical conductors, with a threaded section for screwing the shear bolt into a clamping body.

[0010] From DE 10 2014 012 296 A1 a multiple terminal for clamping and / or contacting electrical conductors or overhead lines or ropes is known with a terminal block which has at least one contacting channel with a front or rear contacting opening.

[0011] DE 10 2015 013 011 A1 discloses a terminal block for electrical energy meters consisting of a housing made of electrically insulating material with side and end walls and a wall unit that limits the housing downwards.

[0012] US patent 2019 / 0115674 describes an adjusting screw for connecting conductors to electrical terminals, such as a terminal block on a load panel. The screw comprises a screw body and a screw face. The screw face fits into the screw body and is movable along the axis of the screw body.

[0013] A disadvantage of the methods known from the prior art for contacting conductors is that under high loads, especially pull-out forces, a sufficiently firm contact with sufficiently reliable current transmission can only be achieved using very large dimensioned equipment.

[0014] The present invention is based on the objective of creating a device for exerting a force on a target area of ​​an electrical conductor, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular enabling reliable contact.

[0015] According to the invention, this problem is solved by a device having the features mentioned in claim 1.

[0016] The present invention further aims to provide a method for exerting a force on a target area of ​​an electrical conductor, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular enabling reliable contact.

[0017] According to the invention, this problem is solved by a method with the features mentioned in claim 14.

[0018] The present invention also aims to create a connection system that avoids the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular enabling reliable contact of an electrical conductor. According to the invention, this objective is achieved by a connection system with the features specified in claim 19.

[0019] The device according to the invention for exerting a force on a target area of ​​an electrical conductor comprises at least: an active section for contacting the target area and for applying the force to the target area, and a support section for support against an surrounding area in order to dissipate the force, wherein the active section is connected to the support section via a predetermined breaking point in such a way that when the support section is rotated into the surrounding area during the exertion of the force, the predetermined breaking point is broken.

[0020] According to the invention, the active section has at least one initial state in which a protrusion is arranged in a central region of the active section.

[0021] The initial state is understood to be the state that the active section assumes, particularly with regard to its spatial and physical characteristics, before a force is applied.

[0022] Within the scope of the invention, the middle area of ​​the active section can be understood as an area in the middle of a side or surface of the active section facing the conductor in its intended use.

[0023] The central area can be designed and / or extended in such a way that a slightly off-center arrangement of the elevation with respect to the effective section is also possible within the central area.

[0024] In particular, an off-center arrangement, especially a lateral offset, of up to a maximum of 20%, preferably up to a maximum of 10% of the lateral extent of the effective section can be provided.

[0025] Preferably, the lateral offset is defined by a lateral offset of a geometric center point of the elevation relative to a geometric center point of the effective section.

[0026] In particular, an at least approximately exactly central arrangement of the elevation at the effective section can be provided.

[0027] It may be intended that the survey is a mid-range survey.

[0028] By limiting the permissible lateral offset, eccentric movement of the raised section during rotation of the device, and thus damage to the conductor, can be avoided. Therefore, the central area can extend as far as any eccentric movement of the raised section is so minimal that damage to the conductor is prevented.

[0029] It can be designed so that even when force is applied, the effective section retains its shape, exhibiting a raised section. However, due to force-induced deformations during the application of force, the effective section may deviate in shape from its initial state.

[0030] The following explanations regarding the shape of the active section are to be understood in particular in relation to the initial state.

[0031] By means of the device according to the invention, a 20% increase in pull-out strength can be achieved compared to a flat working section due to the raised section. This advantageously applies with otherwise unchanged dimensions. The device according to the invention thus enables a particularly resource-efficient design and therefore also a particularly resource-efficient contacting of the electrical conductor.

[0032] In an alternative embodiment of the invention, disclosed here, the predetermined breaking point can be omitted. The force device disclosed here for exerting the force on the target area of ​​the electrical conductor comprises at least the active section for contact with the target area and for applying the force to the target area, and the support section for supporting it against an surrounding area in order to dissipate the force, wherein the active section is connected to the support section. According to the disclosure, the active section of the force device has a protrusion at least in one initial state.

[0033] The device according to the invention may include a spring section that is present and arranged to press the working section resiliently against the target area, wherein the spring section is formed integrally with the support section.

[0034] In the spring section of the device according to the invention, clamping energy is stored, which can be released again as needed, in particular when inserting a fine-wire and / or multi-wire conductor, to elastically maintain a clamping state.

[0035] It can be provided that the spring section is connected to the support section via at least one solid joint, and / or that at least the support section and the spring section are monolithic, preferably the support section, the spring section and the working section are monolithic.

[0036] In particular, the device according to the invention can be designed as a shear bolt with an integrated plate which forms the working section. The raised section can be configured to penetrate between several conductor layers of the conductor. This allows more force to be generated in the inner individual wire layers of the conductor.

[0037] In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the effective section has an edge section perpendicular to a direction of a longitudinal extension of the support section, which surrounds the elevation laterally, in particular radially, on all sides.

[0038] The edge section prevents the protrusion from digging too deeply into the electrical conductor. Such digging or cutting into the electrical conductor could damage it.

[0039] Furthermore, the circumferential design of the edge section prevents the conductor from deflecting from the force exerted by the protrusion by resting against the edge section that surrounds the protrusion on all sides.

[0040] The special design of the edge section, in which it completely surrounds the raised section, allows the edge section, or indeed the entire functional section, to rest on the conductor. This, in turn, provides sufficient friction to ensure that the device breaks reliably and precisely at the predetermined breaking point when screwed in.

[0041] Thus, the device according to the invention has a particular advantage over solutions known from the prior art, especially when used with large ladders.

[0042] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the projection extends towards the edge section in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the support section away from the support section.

[0043] Orienting the survey towards the leader has the advantage that the survey can interact particularly well with the leader.

[0044] An alternative orientation of the elevation, particularly in the form of a central setback, can be provided. However, burying the edge section into the conductor places increased demands on the strength of the material of the active section.

[0045] It is particularly advantageous if the active section, by virtue of its protrusion and its projection relative to the edge section, is designed to improve the density in the electrical conductor to be contacted, especially compared to solutions known from the prior art. In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the protrusion can be provided that at its highest point, the height relative to the edge section is between 10% and 70%, preferably between 20% and 50%, and particularly preferably 40% to 50% of a lateral, and especially radial, extent of the protrusion.

[0046] In the context of the invention, the lateral extent preferably refers to an extent transverse to the longitudinal extent, which is calculated from a geometric centroid of a relevant cross-sectional surface.

[0047] In the case of a rotationally symmetric design, this can be a longitudinal axis of the effective section, especially for all cutting planes.

[0048] The inventors have recognized that the aforementioned numerical values ​​are particularly advantageous for contacting conductors in a high-voltage area.

[0049] It may therefore be provided that the electrical conductor is a multi-stranded electrical conductor and / or has several layers.

[0050] Especially with such conductors, the device, particularly with the aforementioned values, offers particular advantages in contacting the electrical conductor.

[0051] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the elevation at its highest point has a height of 1 mm to 4 mm, preferably 2 mm to 3 mm, relative to the edge section.

[0052] According to the inventors, the aforementioned absolute values ​​are also suitable for extending the survey, especially when used with multi-stranded or multi-layered electrical conductors.

[0053] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that a lateral, in particular radial, extension of the elevation corresponds to a 0.1-fold to 5-fold, preferably a 1-fold to 2-fold, extension of a lateral, in particular radial, extension of the edge section.

[0054] The previously described adjustment of the lateral dimensions of the projection to the lateral dimensions of the edge section has the advantage that the edge section, which is recessed relative to the projection, is sufficiently wide to support and / or catch the conductor that moves away from the projection. This allows the edge section to provide a sufficiently large contact surface. In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the projection can be provided with a flat end surface for contact with the electrical conductor, and the edge section can also have a flat edge surface for contact with the electrical conductor, with the edge surface and the end surface being arranged parallel to each other.

[0055] The aforementioned design of the working area has the advantage that, with low tightening torque, the predetermined breaking point tears and the working section, which is designed in particular as a plate, can lie flush against the support section, especially against a screw.

[0056] If the support section, particularly if it is in the form of a screw, is tightened further relative to the surrounding area, the active section or the contact plate remains stationary on the target area of ​​the electrical conductor. This ensures that the friction between the active section and the support section remains consistently low. Furthermore, it ensures that the friction is independent of the specific design of the conductor being contacted in the target area.

[0057] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that a transition area is present between the end surface and the edge surface, which has a sigmoidal cross-section.

[0058] The curved design of the transition area prevents damage to the electrical conductor. At the same time, it ensures that the protruding components of the electrical conductor can conform to the curved flanks between the termination surface and the edge surface. This improves contact.

[0059] Furthermore, it prevents the electrical conductor from being damaged by the rotating screw. This allows even conductors that are difficult to contact, such as fine-stranded conductors, to be connected safely and without damage.

[0060] The transition area can preferably be a specially rotated contour with a radius 1.5 times the thickness of the edge area.

[0061] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the transition area has a lateral, in particular radial, extent which corresponds to 5% to 30%, preferably 15% to 25% of a lateral, in particular radial, extent of the elevation.

[0062] The inventors have recognized that the aforementioned relative dimensions of the transition area, compared to the raised area and the edge area, allow for an optimized plate geometry, which, with a variety of conductor shapes, leads to improved conductor contact compared to the prior art, while retaining all the advantages of the prior art. In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the effective section can be provided with a rounded edge at its lateral, and in particular radial, outer edge, preferably with a quarter-circle cross-section.

[0063] The rounded edge of the working section prevents the conductor from being damaged during the initial rotation of the working section until the predetermined breaking point breaks. Furthermore, it also ensures that the conductor, during its deflection movement, preferably hugs the outer edge of the working section tightly with respect to the force.

[0064] In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the rounding has a radius which corresponds to 0.5 to 1.25 times, preferably 0.7 to 0.9 times, the thickness of the edge section in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the support section.

[0065] The inventors have recognized that the aforementioned relative dimensions of the border with respect to the thickness of the edge section allow the conductor to conform particularly well to the contour of the edge section.

[0066] In particular, the interplay between the transition zone and the relative height of the protrusion compared to the edge section ensures that the protrusion can penetrate particularly well between the conductor layers. This allows a higher force to be introduced or generated in the inner individual wire layers of the conductor.

[0067] In an advantageous further development of the device according to the invention, it can be provided that the protrusion is at least approximately cylindrical.

[0068] The cylindrical shape of the protrusion prevents damage to the conductor during rotation. More importantly, this cylindrical shape ensures an isotropic effect with respect to the conductor's pull-out force. In other words, the effectiveness of the clamping action against the pull-out force is not dependent on the protrusion's position relative to the direction of the pull-out force. If the protrusion were anisotropic, a preferred direction of pull-out force could emerge. Particularly in the extreme case of a ridge-like protrusion, a different pull-out force would be required for the conductor if the protrusion were positioned perpendicular to the pull-out direction compared to a position parallel to the pull-out direction. Therefore, the cylindrically symmetrical design of the protrusion offers significant advantages for practical installation.

[0069] In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the active section can be provided with a circular outer contour, in particular a circularly symmetrical design. A completely circularly symmetrical design of the active section has the advantage that a contacting effect or force effect is even more independent of the individual position of the active section relative to the conductor.

[0070] Furthermore, cost-effective turning processes can be used for manufacturing.

[0071] The invention further relates to a method with the features mentioned in claim 14.

[0072] The inventive method for exerting a force on a target area of ​​an electrical conductor comprises at least the following steps: a) supporting a support section on an surrounding area to dissipate the force, b) placing an active section on the target area, c) applying the force to the target area, d) breaking a predetermined breaking point, via which the active section is connected to the support section via a predetermined breaking point, when the support section is rotated into the surrounding area to exert the force.

[0073] According to the invention, the following step is provided: e) Deformation of the electrical conductor by the functional section such that the electrical conductor is at least partially adapted by the force to a shape of a protrusion of the functional section, which is arranged in a central region of the functional section.

[0074] The electrical conductor can be contacted particularly advantageously using the method according to the invention. The preferably cylindrical protrusion can penetrate between the conductor layers and thus generate more force in the inner individual wire layers of the conductor.

[0075] Preferably, a cylinder axis of the elevation and a cylinder axis of the support section coincide at least approximately.

[0076] It may be possible to introduce a lubricant between the active section and the support section. The presence of a lubricant between the active section (or a plate) and the support section (or a screw) further reduces friction between these two components. This prevents the active section from moving on the electrical conductor being contacted and potentially damaging it.

[0077] In an advantageous further development of the method according to the invention, it can be provided that in step e) the elevation burrows into the electrical conductor, wherein the electrical conductor beyond the elevation rests against an edge section of the effective section which surrounds the elevation.

[0078] The special design of the raised section demonstrably results in a higher contact force, which in turn leads to a significantly higher pull-out strength of the conductor. In particular, the method has been shown to increase the pull-out force by 5 to 30%, and preferably by 20%, between the functional section and the electrical conductor.

[0079] In an advantageous further development of the method according to the invention, it can be provided that the elevation in step e) penetrates between conductor layers of the electrical conductor.

[0080] Alternatively or additionally, the conductor can be made of solid material. In this case, the solid material of the conductor is deformed by the action of the active section in such a way that it rests against the topography of the active section.

[0081] In an advantageous further development of the method according to the invention, it can be provided that at least one non-conductive intermediate layer of the electrical conductor is displaced in order to enable transverse conductivity of the electrical conductor in the target area.

[0082] It may be possible to displace interfering intermediate layers in order to create electrically conductive contact points.

[0083] In particular, it can be provided that a force or pressure is built up inside the conductor, causing the individual strands of the conductor to come into electrical contact with each other, so that a current can also flow transversely to the axially running individual wires of the electrical conductor. This establishes or improves the transverse conductivity of the electrical conductor.

[0084] In an advantageous further development of the method according to the invention, it can be provided that the electrical conductor has a cross-section of at least 120 mm². 2 exhibits, and / or the electrical conductor contains at least one filler.

[0085] It may be stipulated that the electrical conductor has a cross-section of at least 500 mm². 2 up to a maximum of 5,000 mm 2 exhibits.

[0086] If the electrical conductor contains at least one filler, this has the advantage that the filler can provide water protection. In particular, the filler can be a simple filler and / or a water barrier.

[0087] It may be intended that shear bolts with the aforementioned design or geometry of the effective area are used primarily on ladders with large cross-sections and on ladders with fillers.

[0088] At this point, the use of the device according to the invention with ladders with cross-sections of more than 500 mm is described. 2 and / or conductors with fillers. It may be provided that the functional section has a higher strength than the conductor to be contacted.

[0089] It may be stipulated that the effective section has a strength of 300 N / mm². 2 exhibits.

[0090] The functional section may be made of steel and / or an aluminum alloy. This allows for higher strength than that of a conductor made of, for example, copper and / or aluminum, so that the deformation of the conductor exceeds that of the functional section, and the conductor can be securely held and contacted.

[0091] The invention further relates to a connection system with the features mentioned in claim 19.

[0092] The connection system according to the invention comprises a device according to the invention and a clamping body. The support section can be fixed in a primary bore of the clamping body. Furthermore, the electrical conductor can be inserted in a secondary bore of the clamping body such that the target area can be positioned on the active section and subjected to force by it.

[0093] The connection system according to the invention has the advantage that conductors with large cross-sections and / or multi-stranded electrical conductors and / or conductors with several layers and / or fine-stranded conductors and / or conductors with fillers can be contacted particularly well with it.

[0094] By means of the connection system device, tar-like masses can be displaced in the electrical conductor, thus establishing contact, in particular transverse conductivity of the conductor.

[0095] Such tar-like masses are particularly suitable as fillers.

[0096] Preferably, the inventive method can be carried out using the connection system according to the invention.

[0097] Features described in connection with one of the subject matter of the invention, in particular the device, method, and connection system according to the invention, can also be advantageously implemented for the other subject matter of the invention. Advantages mentioned in connection with one of the subject matter of the invention can also be understood as relating to the other subject matter of the invention.

[0098] It should also be noted that terms such as "comprehensive," "comprising," or "with" do not exclude other features or steps. Furthermore, terms such as "a" or "the," which refer to a singular set of steps or features, do not exclude a plurality of features or steps—and vice versa. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

[0099] The figures each show preferred embodiments in which individual features of the present invention are combined with one another. Features of an embodiment can also be implemented independently of the other features of the same embodiment and can therefore be readily combined by a person skilled in the art to form further meaningful combinations and subcombinations with features of other embodiments.

[0100] In the figures, functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

[0101] They show schematically:

[0102] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of a device according to the invention in a side view;

[0103] Figure 2 shows an enlarged schematic representation of a possible embodiment of an active section of the device according to the invention in a side view;

[0104] Figure 3 shows a block diagram representation of a possible embodiment of a method according to the invention;

[0105] Figure 4 shows an enlarged schematic representation of a possible interaction of the working section of the device according to the invention with the electrical conductor in a side view;

[0106] Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of another possible embodiment of the device according to the invention in a side view;

[0107] Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of another possible embodiment of the device according to the invention in a section along AA as shown in Figure 5;

[0108] Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device according to the invention as shown in Figure 5 in a top view;

[0109] Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device according to the invention as shown in Figure 5 in a perspective view;

[0110] Figure 9 shows a schematic representation of another possible embodiment of a device according to the invention in a side view; Figure 10 shows a schematic representation of another possible embodiment of the device according to the invention in a section along BB as shown in Figure 9;

[0111] Figure 11 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device according to the invention as shown in Figure 9 in a top view;

[0112] Figure 12 shows a schematic representation of a possible field of application of the device according to the invention in a sectional view; and

[0113] Figure 13 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of a connection system according to the invention in a sectional view.

[0114] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of a device 1 for exerting a force 2 on a target area 3 of an electrical conductor 4.

[0115] Force 2 is symbolized by an arrow in Figure 1.

[0116] The device 1 comprises an active section 5 for contacting the target area 3 and for applying the force 2 to the target area 3. Furthermore, the device 1 comprises a support section 6 for support against an surrounding area 7 in order to dissipate the force 2. The active section 5 is connected to the support section 6 via a predetermined breaking point 8 such that when the support section 6 is rotated into the surrounding area 7 and the force 2 is applied, the predetermined breaking point 8 is broken. In the device 1, the active section 5 has, at least in one initial state, a protrusion 9 which is arranged in a central region of the active section 5.

[0117] In the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 1, the working section 9 preferably has a border section 11 perpendicular to a direction of a longitudinal extension 10 of the support section 6, which surrounds the elevation 9 laterally, in particular radially, on all sides.

[0118] The longitudinal extent 10 is symbolized as an arrow in the representation of Figure 1.

[0119] Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the device 1 is preferably designed such that the projection 9 extends towards the edge section 11 in the direction of the longitudinal extent 10 of the support section 6 away from the support section 6.

[0120] In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the electrical conductor has a plurality of conductor layers 4a.

[0121] In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the support section 6 preferably has an outer threaded carrier area 6a, which in turn carries an external thread. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the surrounding area 7 preferably has a surrounding thread 7a, which is preferably complementary to the external thread of the threaded carrier area 6a. The surrounding thread 7a is symbolized by a frame in Figure 1.

[0122] Figure 2 shows an enlarged schematic representation of a possible embodiment of the working section 5 of the device 1 in a side view.

[0123] Additionally, the predetermined breaking point 8 is also shown.

[0124] As can be seen from the representation in Figure 2, the projection 9 of the device 1 preferably has a height at its highest point relative to the edge section 11 which is between 10% and 70%, preferably between 20% and 50%, particularly preferably 40% to 50% of a lateral, especially radial, extent of the projection 9.

[0125] Preferably, the functional section 5 has at its widest point a cross-section transverse to the longitudinal extent 10, which corresponds to 50% to 100%, preferably 60% to 80% of a conductor cross-section of the conductor 4.

[0126] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the working section 5 of the device 1 shown in Figure 2, the working section 5 is preferably designed such that the protrusion 9 has a height of 1 mm to 4 mm, preferably 2 mm to 3 mm, at its highest point relative to the edge section 11.

[0127] Furthermore, it can be seen in the illustration according to Figure 2 that in the device 1, a lateral, in particular radial, extension of the projection 9 preferably corresponds to a 0.1-fold to 5-fold, preferably a 1-fold to 2-fold, extension of a lateral, in particular radial, extension of the edge section 11.

[0128] The embodiment of the functional section 5 of the device 1 shown in Figure 2 further illustrates that, in the device 1, the projection 9 preferably has a flat end surface 12 for contact with the electrical conductor 4, and at the same time, the edge section 11 has a flat edge surface 13 for contact with the electrical conductor 4. The edge surface 13 and the end surface 12 are arranged parallel to each other. In particular, the edge section 11 and the projection 9 are designed such that the edge surface 13 and the end surface 12 are parallel to each other.

[0129] Furthermore, the embodiment of the working section 5 according to Figure 2 shows that in the device 1, a transition area 14 is preferably present between the end surface 12 and the edge surface 13, which has a sigmoidal cross-section 15 (see Figure 6). It is also evident from the illustration in Figure 2 that in the device 1, the transition area 14 preferably has a lateral, in particular radial, extent, which corresponds to 5% to 30%, preferably 15% to 25%, of a lateral, in particular radial, extent of the projection 9.

[0130] Furthermore, Figure 2 illustrates that the working section 5 preferably has a rounding 17 at a lateral, in particular radial, outer edge 16, which is preferably quarter-circular in cross-section.

[0131] In this case, the rounding 17 of the device 1, in particular in a quarter-circle design, preferably has a radius which corresponds to 0.5 to 1.25 times, preferably 0.7 to 0.9 times, the thickness of the edge section 11 in the direction of the longitudinal extension 10 of the support section 6.

[0132] For further reference symbols, please refer to Figure 1.

[0133] Figure 3 shows a block diagram representation of a possible embodiment of a method for exerting the force 2 on the target area 3 of the electrical conductor 4.

[0134] In a support block 40, the support section 6 is supported against the surrounding area 7 in order to dissipate the force 2.

[0135] In plant block 41, the installation of the functional section 5 takes place at the target area 3.

[0136] In a force block 42, the force 2 is applied to the target area 3.

[0137] In a predetermined breaking block 43, the predetermined breaking point 8, via which the functional section 5 is connected to the support section 6, breaks. The breaking occurs when the support section 6 is rotated into the surrounding area 7 to exert the force 2.

[0138] Furthermore, in a deformation block 44, the electrical conductor 4 is deformed by the functional section 5 in such a way that the electrical conductor 4 is at least partially adapted to the shape of the protrusion 9 of the functional section 5, which is arranged in a central area of ​​the functional section 5, by the force 2.

[0139] Preferably, the steps of the procedure are carried out chronologically in the specified order. However, other procedures or sequences are also possible.

[0140] Figure 4 shows an enlarged schematic representation of a possible interaction between the functional section 5 of the device 1 and the electrical conductor 4 in a side view. Thus, Figure 4 illustrates an embodiment of the method shown in Figure 3, wherein, within the deformation block 44, the protrusion 9 digs into the electrical conductor 4, and the electrical conductor 4 preferably rests against the edge section 11 of the functional section 5, which surrounds the protrusion 9, beyond the protrusion.

[0141] In the situation illustrated in Figure 4, an embodiment of the method shown in Figure 3 is further explained, in which, within the deformation block 44, the protrusion 9 preferably penetrates between the conductor layers 4a of the electrical conductor 4.

[0142] Figures 1 and 4 further illustrate an embodiment of the method according to Figure 3, in which the electrical conductor 4 has a cross-section of at least 120 mm². 2 exhibits.

[0143] Regarding the other reference symbols, please refer to Figures 1 and 2.

[0144] Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of another possible embodiment of the device 1 in a side view.

[0145] The representation according to Figure 5 largely corresponds to the principle of device 1 already explained in Figure 1.

[0146] The representation according to Figure 5 shows that the support section 6 preferably has a drive area 18 which serves as a mechanical drive interface.

[0147] Regarding the other reference symbols, please refer to Figures 1, 2 and 4.

[0148] The representation of the threaded carrier area 6a has been omitted in the illustration according to Figure 5.

[0149] Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of another possible embodiment of the device 1 in a section along the section line AA according to Figure 5.

[0150] The representation in Figure 6 further shows that the transition area 14 preferably has a sigmoidal cross-section 15.

[0151] Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 5 in a top view.

[0152] From the representation in Figure 7 and the symmetry lines of Figures 5 and 6, it can be seen that in the device 1 the projection 9 is preferably at least approximately cylindrical. Furthermore, it can be seen from the representation in Figure 7 and the symmetry lines of Figures 5 and 6 that the working section 5 in the device 1 preferably has a circular outer contour and is, in particular, circularly symmetrical.

[0153] The drive area 18, as shown in the illustration, preferably has at least one tool engagement surface 19 in the embodiment shown in Figure 7. In particular, the tool engagement surfaces 19 in Figure 7 are designed as engagement surfaces for a separate tool.

[0154] It thus becomes apparent that the drive area 18 can be designed, for example, as an external hexagon and / or as an internal hexagon and / or as an external hexagon and / or as an internal hexagon.

[0155] A comparison of Figures 6 and 7 shows that the device 1 can preferably be designed as a shear bolt, in particular in the manner of EP 2 867 547 B1.

[0156] For this purpose, the device 1 includes, in particular as part of the support section 6, a shear element 20, by means of which a shear thread 21 of the device 1 arranged on and / or in a region of the support section 6 can be used to introduce a compressive force into the support section 6 by turning on it and / or in a region of the support section 6, and at the same time a tensile force can be introduced into the device 1 by means of the shear element 20 in the region of the shear thread 21, whereby a tensile stress can be exerted on the device 1 that causes the support section 6 to break off.

[0157] In the design as a shear bolt according to Figure 6 and / or 7, preferably one to three additional shear points may be provided.

[0158] Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 5 in a perspective view.

[0159] The representation according to Figure 8 again shows the preferably circularly symmetrical design of the device 1 with the exception of the tool engagement surfaces 19.

[0160] Figure 9 shows a schematic representation of another possible embodiment of the device 1 in a side view.

[0161] The embodiment of Figure 9 corresponds in essential points to the embodiment of Figure 1 and / or Figure 5.

[0162] However, in the embodiment shown in Figure 9, the drive area 18 is designed such that the tool engagement surfaces 19 form an external hexagon. For further reference numerals, see Figures 1, 2 and 5 to 8.

[0163] Figure 10 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of the device 1 in a section along BB according to Figure 9.

[0164] The sectional view shown in Figure 10 shows that the screw can only break off at its upper end in an area of ​​a taper 22.

[0165] In order to enable the predetermined breaking point 8 to break, a bore 23 is provided in the embodiment according to Figure 10, which extends to the effective section 5 in such a way that the predetermined breaking point 8 is formed.

[0166] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the embodiment of the device 1 according to Figure 9 in a top view.

[0167] Regarding the reference symbols, please refer to Figures 1, 2 and 5 to 10.

[0168] Figure 12 shows a schematic representation of a possible field of application of the device 1 in a sectional view.

[0169] The representation according to Figure 12 shows that in the method described in connection with Figure 3, preferably at least one non-conductive intermediate layer 24 of the electrical conductor 4 is displaced in order to enable transverse conductivity of the electrical conductor 4 in the target area 3.

[0170] The conductor 4 has a plurality of individual conductors 26.

[0171] Furthermore, it becomes apparent that the device 1 is particularly preferably used with electrical conductors 4 which have at least one filler 25. The filler 25 can in particular be a water-repellent filler, especially a tar. The filler 25 is preferably displaced by the deformation of the conductor 4 caused by the functional section 5, so that the individual conductors 26 can also come into contact with each other transversely to the direction of extension.

[0172] The representation according to Figure 12 therefore illustrates that in the method according to Figure 3, the electrical conductor 4 is preferably a multi-stranded conductor 4 and / or has several conductor layers 4a and / or is, in particular, a fine-stranded transformer connecting cable. For clarity, the individual conductors 26 are shown only in one quadrant of the conductor 4 and there only for the outer three conductor layers 4a. For clarity, only the functional section 5 of the device 1 is shown.

[0173] Regarding the other reference symbols, reference is made to Figures 1, 2 and 5 to 11.

[0174] Figure 13 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of a connection system 30 in a sectional view. The connection system 30 comprises the device 1, as described in connection with Figures 1 to 12, and a clamping element 31.

[0175] The support section 6 of the device 1 can be fixed in at least one primary bore 32 of the clamping body 31.

[0176] Furthermore, the electrical conductor 4 can be inserted into at least one secondary bore 33 of the clamping body 31 in such a way that the target area 3 can be arranged on or under the effective section 5 and can be acted upon by the force 2 (not shown).

[0177] In the embodiment shown in Figure 13, it can also be seen that the conductor 4 is preferably deformed by the action of the force 2 and adapts at least partially to the effective area 5, in particular conforming to it.

[0178] Preferably, in the embodiment shown in Figure 13, the primary bore 32 has an internal thread 34 for complementary interaction with the outer threaded support area 6a.

[0179] The secondary bore 33 preferably has a contact geometry 35 which facilitates contact between the conductor 4 and the clamping body 31 and can hold it in place against any tensile force.

[0180] Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in Figure 13, the contact geometry 35 preferably comprises contact grooves.

[0181] In an embodiment not shown, the contact geometry 35 may alternatively or additionally have pyramids.

[0182] Furthermore, preferably two tertiary bores 36 running at right angles to each other are provided, which are designed to accommodate a transformer bushing or transformer candle.

[0183] The connection system 30 benefits in particular from the use of the device 1 described in connection with Figures 1 to 12, since the electrical conductor 4 can only be pulled out of the clamping body 31 with a significantly higher pull-out force, while at the same time the contact or current flow can be significantly improved.

[0184] Reference symbol list

[0185] 1 Device

[0186] 2 Force

[0187] 3 Target area

[0188] 4 electrical conductors

[0189] 4a Conductor layer

[0190] 5. Effective section

[0191] 6 Support section

[0192] 6a outer threaded support area

[0193] 7 Surrounding area

[0194] 7a Ambient thread

[0195] 8 Breakaway point

[0196] 9 Survey

[0197] 10 Longitudinal extent

[0198] 11. Marginal section

[0199] 12 End surface

[0200] 13 Edge area

[0201] 14 Transition area

[0202] 15 sigmoidal cross-section

[0203] 16 outer edge

[0204] 17 Rounding

[0205] 18 Drive area

[0206] 19 Tool attack surface

[0207] 20 shear element

[0208] 21 shear threads

[0209] 22 Rejuvenation

[0210] 23 bore

[0211] 24 Intermediate shift

[0212] 25 Filler

[0213] 26 single conductors

[0214] 30 connection system

[0215] 31 clamping bodies

[0216] 32 Primary borehole

[0217] 33 Secondary borehole

[0218] 34 internal threads

[0219] 35 Contact geometry

[0220] 36 Tertiary borehole 40 Support block

[0221] 41 Investment block

[0222] 42 Power block

[0223] 43 Sollbruchblock 44 Deformation block

Claims

Patent claims 1. Device (1) for exerting a force (2) on a target area (3) of an electrical conductor (4), comprising at least: an active section (5) for contact with the target area (3) and for applying the force (2) to the target area (3), and a support section (6) for support on an surrounding area (7) in order to dissipate the force (2), wherein the active section (5) is connected to the support section (6) via a predetermined breaking point (8) such that when the support section (6) is rotated into the surrounding area (7) during the exertion of the force (2), the predetermined breaking point (8) is broken, characterized in that the active section (5) has at least in an initial state a protrusion (9) which is arranged in a central area of ​​the active section (5).

2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the working section (9) has a border section (11) perpendicular to a direction of a longitudinal extension (10) of the support section (6) which surrounds the elevation (9) laterally, in particular radially, on all sides.

3. Device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the elevation (9) projects towards the edge section (11) in the direction of the longitudinal extent (10) of the support section (6) away from the support section (6).

4. Device (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the elevation (9) has at its highest point a height relative to the edge section (11) which is between 10% and 70%, preferably between 20% and 50%, particularly preferably 40% to 50% of a lateral, in particular radial, extent of the elevation (9).

5. Device (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the elevation (9) has a height of 1 mm to 4 mm, preferably 2 mm to 3 mm, at its highest point relative to the edge section (11).

6. Device (1) according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that a lateral, in particular radial, extension of the elevation (9) corresponds to a 0.1-fold to 5-fold, preferably a 1-fold to 2-fold extension of a lateral, in particular radial, extension of the marginal section (11).

7. Device (1) according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the projection (9) has a flat end surface (12) for contact with the electrical conductor (4) and the edge section (11) has a flat edge surface (13) for contact with the electrical conductor (4), wherein the edge surface (13) and the end surface (12) are arranged parallel to each other.

8. Device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that a transition area (14) is provided between the end surface (12) and the edge surface (13), which has a sigmoidal cross-section (15).

9. Device (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the transition area (14) has a lateral, in particular radial, extent which corresponds to 5% to 30%, preferably 15% to 25% of a lateral, in particular radial extent of the elevation (9).

10. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the working section (5) has a rounding (17) on its lateral, in particular radial, outer edge (16), preferably quarter-circular in cross-section.

11. Device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the rounding (17) has a radius which corresponds to 0.5 to 1.25 times, preferably 0.7 to 0.9 times, the thickness of the edge section (11) in the direction of the longitudinal extent (10) of the support section (6).

12. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the protrusion (9) is at least approximately cylindrical.

13. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the active section (5) has a circular outer contour, in particular is circularly symmetrical.

14. Method for exerting a force (2) on a target area (3) of an electrical conductor (4), comprising at least the following steps: a) supporting a support section (6) on an surrounding area (7) to dissipate the force (2), b) attaching an active section (5) to the target area (7), c) applying the force (2) to the target area (3), d) breaking a predetermined breaking point (8) through which the active section (5) is connected to the support section (6) when the support section (6) is rotated into the surrounding area (7) to exert the force (2), characterized by: deformation of the electrical conductor (4) by the active section (5) such that the force (2) adapts the electrical conductor (4) at least partially to a shape of a protrusion (9) of the active section (5) which is arranged in a central area of ​​the active section (5).

15. Method according to claim 14, characterized in that in step e) the protrusion (9) burrows into the electrical conductor (4), wherein the electrical conductor (4) beyond the protrusion (9) rests against an edge section (11) of the active section (5) which surrounds the protrusion (9).

16. Method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the elevation (9) in step e) penetrates between conductor layers (4a) of the electrical conductor (4).

17. Method according to claim 14, 15 or 16, characterized in that at least one non-conductive intermediate layer (24) of the electrical conductor (4) is displaced to enable transverse conductivity of the electrical conductor (4) in the target area (3).

18. Method according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the electrical conductor (4) has a cross-section of at least 120 mm² 2has, and / or the electrical conductor (4) has at least one filler (25).

19. Connection system (30) comprising a device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13 and a clamping element (31), wherein the support section (6) can be fixed in a primary bore (32) of the clamping body (31), and the electrical conductor (4) can be inserted in a secondary bore (33) of the clamping body (31) such that the target area (3) can be arranged on the active section (5) and acted upon by the force (2).

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