Paving stone and paving stone arrangement with such paving stones

Abstract

A paving stone (100) with an imaginary base (110) and with several contour elements (150) arranged within the imaginary base (110). The outline (112) comprises at least four sides (120) of equal length, which have the same profile based on a given periodic function. The sides (120) of the base (110) meet at corners (140) of the base (110), and these corners (140) form corners (140) of a square (512) or a geometric solid with more than four sides (120) of equal length. The distance between opposite corners (140) of the square (512) or the geometric solid with more than four sides (120) of equal length corresponds to one complete period or a multiple of the complete period of the function.Furthermore, there is a laying stone arrangement (500) with a plurality of laying stones (100), wherein several laying stones (100) are designed as laying stones (100) according to the invention.

Description

State of the art

[0001] The invention relates to a laying stone and a laying stone arrangement with such laying stones.

[0002] Paving stones are known in a wide variety of designs. These paving stones can have several contour elements which, when the paving stone is laid as intended, are arranged on a visible surface. The contour elements can create the impression that several smaller stones are laid in this area instead of a single paving stone.

[0003] For example, DE 1930054 U describes a rectangular turf slab consisting of longitudinal ribs with a surface interrupted by transverse grooves and transverse ribs connecting the longitudinal ribs. The transverse ribs are lower than the longitudinal ribs. The upper surface of the longitudinal ribs forms squares separated by grooves.

[0004] Corresponding laying stone patterns using such laying stones are also known. Disclosure of the invention

[0005] One object of the invention is to provide a laying stone with which several contour elements can be laid simultaneously, wherein the clusters of contour elements in the laying pattern are not recognizable after laying.

[0006] Another task is to provide a paving stone system with paving stones that allow for the creation of various surface designs.

[0007] The problems are solved by the features of the independent claims. Favorable embodiments and advantages of the invention become apparent from the further claims, the description, and the drawings.

[0008] A paving stone is proposed, comprising an imaginary base and several contour elements. The contour elements are arranged within the imaginary base. An outline of the base forms an envelope for the contour elements, with the outline encompassing at least four sides of equal length, all of which follow the same path as a given periodic function. The sides of the base meet at its vertices, forming the vertices of a square or a geometric solid with more than four equal sides. The distance between opposite vertices of the square or geometric solid with more than four equal sides corresponds to a complete period or a multiple thereof of the complete period of the function.

[0009] The square formed by the corners of the base has four sides of equal length. Furthermore, the sides of the base are also of equal length. This allows the paving stone to be laid in a square grid pattern. Laying using a cross joint is possible and easy to implement. Additionally, there is no offset, as with a half-bond pattern, which allows for easy, straight edges. This also makes it easy to clamp multiple paving stones together, simplifying transport and machine laying.

[0010] Alternatively, the corners of the base can form a hexagon, an octagon, or another suitable geometric shape with sides of equal length. This allows the paving stone to be laid in a polygonal grid pattern.

[0011] The contour elements form a cluster within the base area. Due to the course of the sides of the base area's outline, which follows a periodic function, the boundaries between the base areas of individual paving stones can become blurred when laid in a paving pattern. This can make the clusters less noticeable, allowing an observer to perceive an irregular and / or natural-looking laying pattern.

[0012] A paving stone is understood to be a component or element comprising a top and a bottom surface. The bottom surface is connected to the substrate, and the top surface forms a visible surface when the paving stone is laid. The top and bottom surfaces can be positioned opposite each other. Alternatively, they can be adjacent to each other, for example, at a corner. The contour elements can be located at least on the visible surface and / or can protrude from a visible surface and / or can at least partially form a visible surface.

[0013] The outline can be formed by imaginary lines or can be defined by the edges of elements of the paving stone according to the invention. Furthermore, a combination of existing edges and imaginary lines can be used to form the outline. In this case, edges of elements of the paving stone can each form a section of the outline. This at least one section can connect to at least one imaginary line, which can also form a section of the outline. Several sections of the outline formed by edges can be connected to each other by imaginary lines.

[0014] For example, contour elements can be arranged close together to form an edge that defines the outline or a section of the outline. In this case, sides of the contour elements can have sections that form a section of the outline. These sections can form a continuous edge when contour elements are arranged seamlessly next to each other. Furthermore, the contour elements can overlap.

[0015] Alternatively, several contour elements can have sides, each forming a section of the outline of the base area, with gaps between these sections being able to be closed by imaginary lines.

[0016] Additionally or alternatively, a base element of the paving stone according to the invention can comprise an edge forming the outline or at least a section of the outline. Furthermore, the base element can comprise a surface that forms a region of the base or the entire base. A base element can be an element on which the contour elements are arranged or which connects the contour elements to one another.

[0017] Additionally or alternatively, a spacer can be arranged on the base element and / or on at least one of the edge contour elements, which has an edge that can form a section of the outline. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the outline is formed solely from imaginary lines, whereby the contour elements arranged within the base area do not intersect these imaginary lines.

[0018] A cross-section and / or a top surface of the base element can have or form the shape of the base surface. Alternatively, a cross-section of several interconnected contour elements can form the base surface, or a region or regions of the base surface. Additionally, a combination of imaginary regions and cross-sections or top surfaces of base elements and / or contour elements can be conceived as the base surface.

[0019] In the following, a contour element is understood to be, for example, an element that has at least one surface and / or contour and / or shape resembling a natural stone or paving stone. For instance, the contour element may be organically shaped and may, in particular, have the shape of a cobblestone. The cross-section of the contour element may additionally or alternatively have a geometric shape, such as a polygon, rectangle, square, triangle, circle, ellipse, or a combination of several shapes, or an organic form.

[0020] Furthermore, many hybrid forms for the contour elements are conceivable.

[0021] The contour elements have a smaller visible contour element surface than the base surface of the laying stone.

[0022] In this context, multiple contour elements arranged within the base area can have different shapes and / or dimensions. Identical contour elements can also be arranged within the base area. Furthermore, a mixture of identical and different contour elements is conceivable. For example, a mixture of contour elements with organic shapes and contour elements with geometric shapes is possible.

[0023] Contour elements with identical shapes but differing in dimensions and / or orientations are also conceivable. Furthermore, at least two contour elements can be arranged overlapping each other, with the contour elements, particularly their upper surfaces, intersecting. Alternatively, the contour elements can also overlap in non-visible areas.

[0024] The contour elements can advantageously be arranged vertically such that, when several paving stones according to the invention are laid, the impression of a natural path and / or square made of stones or a path and / or square paved with paving stones can be created. The contour elements arranged within the base area can have different depths perpendicular to the base area, thereby creating paths and / or squares with an uneven surface. This surface can be less slippery, for example, in wet, icy, or snowy conditions.

[0025] Since several contour elements are arranged within the base of the paving stone and form a cluster, laying a paving stone according to the invention advantageously creates the impression that many smaller stones or paving stones are laid at that location. Many interesting laying patterns can be advantageously created by selecting and arranging the contour elements on the paving stone.

[0026] The contour elements have a fixed position within the paving stone.

[0027] With a square laying grid, the paving stone can be laid in the same position rotated by 90°, 180°, 270°, or 360° within a paving pattern. Similarly, with a polygonal laying grid, which has more than four equal sides and therefore more corners, the paving stone can also be rotated within the paving pattern by a suitable number of degrees. By rotating the paving stone, the contour elements within the paving pattern will have different positions depending on the orientation of the paving stone. This allows for the implementation of differently positioned contour elements within the paving pattern using one and the same paving stone. This can advantageously prevent or hinder the repetition of contour elements and thus the repetition of a laying pattern.This prevents the impression of a repeating sequence of contour elements. Furthermore, such an arrangement of the contour elements on the paving stone and the varying orientation of existing paving stones closely resembles the individual laying of paving stones. However, since several contour elements are laid simultaneously with a single paving stone, this method is faster than individual laying. Additionally, the interlocking of adjacent paving stones is achievable through the sides, which are based on the periodic function.

[0028] The paving stones with the square grid pattern can only be laid in a cross joint. A half-bond pattern is therefore not possible. A half-bond pattern might be possible if the contours of the sides of the outline have more than one period of the periodic function. For sides whose contours have only one period, a half-bond pattern is not possible. Grid patterns with more than four corners can be laid in a suitable manner.

[0029] Because the shape of the sides of the base surface follows a periodic function, the boundaries between adjacent sides of neighboring paving stones can become blurred, making the line between two stones not immediately obvious. This can create the impression of a random pattern of paving stones at first glance.

[0030] Advantageously, the paving stones according to the invention can be used as ground cover. In this case, the paving stones can be designed as floor slabs or paving stones. Furthermore, the paving stones can be used as wall or ceiling coverings. In this case, the paving stones can, for example, be designed as tiles.

[0031] The sides of the outline meet at the corners of the base, forming the vertices of the square or geometric solid with more than four sides. This square or geometric solid can form the laying grid of the paving stone. Here, a convex projection or upper step of the periodic function extends beyond the laying grid, while a concave projection or lower step of the periodic function intersects the laying grid. When laid, the convex projection or upper step of one paving stone engages with the concave projection or lower step of an adjacent paving stone. This advantageously provides anti-displacement protection. The interlocking of the convex projections or bulges or upper steps and the concave projections or bulges or...The lower steps of the sides can absorb shear forces from multiple directions without the paving stone according to the invention twisting. This is also the case with imaginary outline lines, since the contour elements arranged within the base surface project beyond the paving grid or leave a bulge in the paving grid. This allows the contour elements to absorb shear forces.

[0032] In the following, a paving grid is understood to be a two-dimensional construct with which a surface can theoretically be covered. The paving grid is designed such that the outlines of adjacent paving grids abut each other without gaps. The paving grid comprises the area of ​​a cross-section of the paving stone or the base area of ​​the paving stone and half the laying distance to an adjacent paving stone. Since the cross-sectional area or the base area of ​​the paving stone and half the laying distance are already included in the paving grid, a floor covering, wall covering, ceiling covering, paving pattern, or surface pattern can be easily planned using these paving grids.

[0033] Depending on a favorable design of the paving stone, the periodic function underlying its shape can be a sine function or a rectangular function. Within a single period, the periodic function can have two alternating sections. A first section, which is particularly designed as a concave curve or a lower step, can be located closer to a central point than a second section, which is particularly designed as a convex curve or an upper step. The upper step is spaced apart from the lower step. The steps can be of equal or different lengths. This allows opposite sides of the base's outline to run parallel to each other.In this design, one side can have a convex bulge or upper step, while the opposite, parallel side can have a concave indentation or lower step in a region opposite this convex bulge. This allows stones with the same outline, sinusoidal profile, or stepped profile to be easily laid adjacent to one another. Convex bulges or upper steps on one side can interlock with a concave indentation or lower step on an adjacent side.

[0034] It is possible to construct a rectangular function from a sine function. For example, tangents can be drawn at the extrema of the sine function, intersecting at inflection points and then connected. Alternatively, a straight line connecting inflection points can be connected to an extremum, such as an inflection point, by a tangent at that extremum. The length of the tangents and / or the connecting line can also depend on significant points in the sine function.

[0035] Due to the sinusoidal shape of at least four sides of the outline, paving stones with the same outline, or with sides exhibiting the same sinusoidal function, can be laid easily and seamlessly. The same applies to paving stones with a stepped shape of at least four sides of the outline, based on the rectangular function. These stepped shapes may, under certain circumstances, create gaps in the laying pattern during installation.

[0036] Furthermore, when laying such paving stones, no clear edges or joints are advantageously created, so that a laying pattern without a visible grid can be created, thus enabling a natural appearance of the corresponding laying pattern.

[0037] The number of deflections in the sinusoidal or step-like curve of the outline's sides can be chosen arbitrarily. A deflection is defined as a convex or concave deflection, or an upper step or a lower step. In a curve with multiple deflections, convex deflections alternate with a maximum and concave deflections with a minimum, or upper steps alternate with lower steps. The amplitude of the sinusoidal curve can be chosen so that it periodically exhibits values ​​between a maximum value at the maximum and a minimum value at the minimum, where the magnitude of the maximum value is equal to the magnitude of the minimum value. Constant maximum values ​​can be chosen for the maxima and constant minimum values ​​for the minima.The rectangular function exhibits a plateau at a maximum value and a plateau at a minimum value within one period, with the plateau at the maximum value being the upper stage and the plateau at the minimum value the lower stage. Between the plateaus, there is an inflection point where the function transitions abruptly.

[0038] For example, one side of the outline has an equal number of minima and maxima, where one side can have a concave deflection with a minimum or lower step and a convex deflection with a maximum or upper step.

[0039] Each side exhibits a sinusoidal curve with either a complete period or a multiple of a complete period of the sine function. Therefore, each side has at least one maximum and at least one minimum. The period starts at one corner of the base and extends to the opposite corner, where the period of the next side begins.

[0040] Each side exhibits a step-like progression, either a complete period or a multiple of a complete period of the rectangular function. This means each side has at least one upper plateau and at least one lower plateau. The period begins at one corner of the base and extends to the opposite corner, where the period of the next side begins.

[0041] Furthermore, if all sides of the paving stone have the same sine function for a sinusoidal profile or the same rectangular function for a stepped profile, it can be rotated at a right angle or another suitable angle, with the convex protrusions or upper steps of one side engaging with a concave indentation or lower step of an adjacent side. This allows the sides of adjacent paving stones to interlock, even when rotated at a right angle or another suitable angle. Additionally, by rotating the paving stones at the appropriate angle, the contour elements can exhibit different orientations within the laying pattern.

[0042] With a favorable design of the paving stone, inflection points of opposing deflections can meet at the corners of the base. At these inflection points, the amplitudes have a value of zero. "Opposing" means that the amplitude of one side of the outline increases towards the corner, while the amplitude of the other side decreases towards the corner.

[0043] Advantageously, such an outline is rotationally symmetrical. This allows the paving stone to be rotated at right angles of 90°, 180°, 270° and 360° or other suitable angles around the vertical axis, and its convex deflections or upper steps can engage with concave deflections or lower steps of an adjacent paving stone.

[0044] With a favorable design, the base of the paving stone can be rotationally symmetrical at its center by 90°, 180°, 270°, and 360°. Advantageously, such a paving stone can be rotated at right angles of 90°, 180°, 270°, or 360° about a vertical axis and easily laid with a paving stone with an identical outline, or with an outline with the same sinusoidal function for the sinusoidal course of the sides, or the same rectangular function for the stepped course of the sides of the outline, since the convex deflection or the upper step of one paving stone can engage with the concave deflection or the lower step of the other stone. This allows for four different orientations of the paving stone and thus four different orientations of the contour elements of the paving stone. The paving stone can be rotated by 90°, 180°, 270°, or 360° in a defined position within the paving grid.By rotating the stone, an appearance in the laying grid at that position can be changed without moving other laying stones.

[0045] For a paving stone with more than four corners, other rotational symmetries around the center point are conceivable. A hexagon, for example, can be rotationally symmetrical around its center point at 60°, 120°, 180°, 240°, 300°, and 360°.

[0046] With a suitable design of the paving stone, opposite sides of the outline of the base can run parallel to each other. One side can have a convex bulge, and the opposite parallel side can have a concave indentation at a point opposite this convex bulge. Alternatively, one side can have a raised section, and the opposite parallel side can have a lower section opposite this raised section. This allows for simple, intuitive laying of the paving stones. Furthermore, a continuous sinusoidal or stepped joint is created between the paving stones. Additionally, the paving stones can be laid without gaps or at least almost perfectly flush.

[0047] With a favorable design, the paving stone can be formed from two sub-stones. The profile of the connecting face between the sub-stones can also be based on a periodic function. This allows the connecting face to have the same profile as the other sides of the outline. Advantageously, the paving stone formed from the sub-stones can have a side profile with a full period. This means that each sub-stone has two opposing sides with half a period of the side profile. Furthermore, the sub-stones have two opposing sides with a full period of the side profile. Advantageously, the sub-stones can be laid independently of one another. For example, the sub-stones can be arranged in a rotated position relative to each other. The sub-stones can be used, for instance, to form a border.

[0048] With a favorable design of the paving stone, the contour elements can be arranged on the visible surface of the paving stone when it is laid as intended, forming a contour element pattern with joints between adjacent contour elements on the visible surface. The contour elements can be arranged symmetrically to each other. Furthermore, the contour elements can be positioned at different intervals and rotated relative to each other, making the clusters of contour elements less noticeable in the laying pattern after installation. The visible surface of the paving stones can be either the underside and / or the top side. Thus, the paving stone can form the visible surface with either its underside or its top side. Advantageously, such a paving stone can also be rotated and laid around a longitudinal axis and / or a transverse axis.For example, the top and bottom surfaces can be arranged opposite each other. The stone can also be rotated 180° around its longitudinal axis and / or transverse axis, creating a different visual impression.

[0049] Several embodiments of the paving stone according to the invention can have the same base area with the same outline and, for example, include different contour element patterns on the visible surface. This allows the different paving stones to be easily laid together, and by combining different paving stones with different contour element patterns or clusters of contour elements, the individual contour element patterns or clusters of contour elements can be less noticeable in the laying pattern after installation. This allows the contour elements to create a different visual impression when laid. A multitude of laying patterns can be created with corresponding paving stones. The joints or gaps between the contour elements can be filled with jointing material or other suitable filler material, forming so-called dummy joints.

[0050] Furthermore, the joints or gaps between the contour elements can be planted with vegetation. Likewise, the joints between the paving stones can be filled with suitable jointing and / or filling material.

[0051] Since the laying pattern includes both dummy joints and actual joints, it is no longer possible to discern the exact location of the joint between the paving stones. This allows for a more organic, natural, and / or wilder, less structured, and / or less constructed appearance of the laying pattern. Furthermore, by filling and / or planting vegetation in the spaces between the contour elements and the joints between the paving stones, it becomes obscure that it is a single large paving stone with multiple contour elements. The effect can be achieved as if several smaller paving stones have been laid across the surface.

[0052] With a favorable design of the paving stone, contour elements arranged at the edge can have an outline that at least partially touches the imaginary outline of the base. This makes it easier to trace the outline of the base and facilitates the interlocking of adjacent sides.

[0053] With a suitable design, the paving stone can be shaped like contour elements, featuring two end faces and connecting surfaces. At least one end face of the paving stone forms a contour element surface, creating a visible area of ​​the paving stone. The fact that the paving stone comprises multiple paving stones reinforces the impression that several paving stones are laid in the area. Furthermore, the joints between interconnected paving stones can be deeper than the joints between other contour elements. This can improve the growth of vegetation in the joints between the contour elements and also enhance the absorption of liquids.

[0054] Additionally or alternatively, the paving stone can comprise at least four imaginary side faces, each running along one of the sides of the outline. In this case, the side of the outline forms an end face of the imaginary side face.

[0055] In this case, at least one contour element arranged at the edge can have at least one spacer on its lateral surface, which runs along the side surface and forms a section of the side surface of the paving stone.

[0056] Additionally or alternatively, the lateral surface of the contour element can form a portion of the side surface of the paving stone. Additionally or alternatively, the lateral surface of a base element can form a portion of the side surface.

[0057] The facing side surfaces of adjacent paving stones can easily interlock or engage with each other, thereby forming effective protection against displacement.

[0058] The spacers or sections of the contour element's outer surface of adjacent paving stones rest against each other in the intended state. The spacer and / or at least one section of the contour element's outer surface follows the periodic curve of the outline. Furthermore, the spacers and at least one section of the contour element's outer surface form reliable bearing surfaces when laid as intended. These bearing surfaces can also enable or facilitate the clamping of adjacent paving stones during production and / or transport. This allows external forces to be distributed evenly across the corresponding paving stones. Bearing surfaces on the edges of the paving stones can advantageously facilitate their transport. In addition, continuous conveyor belts can be used for the production steps.

[0059] With a suitable design of the paving stone, the contour elements can have an outline with straight sides. This outline forms the visible outer contour of the top surface of the respective contour element. The contour elements can be designed, in particular, as paving stones. Due to the straight sides of the contour elements' outline, the surfaces of the contour elements can also be straight. This allows the contour elements to fit together and be easily connected. Such a contour shape is particularly useful when the base surface is stepped, as straight sides of the contour elements can easily fill the areas of the base surface formed by the steps.The paving stone can have many small or a few large contour elements, or a mixture of large and small contour elements. Furthermore, the contour elements can be arranged in rows or randomly. Additionally or alternatively, contour elements can have different dimensions.

[0060] With a suitable design of the paving stone, the contour elements arranged within the base area can have an outline enclosing a square or a rectangle. The contour elements can be designed as paving stones. The outer sections of the contour elements' outlines can form the outline of the base area. The sides of the base area's outline can, in particular, be rectangular. In this case, four identical square or four identical rectangular contour elements can form the outline of the base area and fill a large portion of it. Alternatively, more than four rectangular contour elements can be arranged within the base area. These can have the same or different dimensions.

[0061] With a suitable design of the paving stone, the contour elements can each have an outline with a number of convex curves, each intersected by an imaginary secant. The paving stone can have many small contour elements, a few large ones, or a mixture of large and small contour elements. Furthermore, the contour elements can be arranged in rows or randomly. Additionally, contour elements can have the same dimensions. Alternatively, several contour elements arranged within the base area can have the same dimensions. The outline of the contour elements can be the visible outer contour of each element from above. The contour elements can be designed as paving stones. The secants can be of equal and / or different lengths.

[0062] Such an outline allows for the creation of a natural-looking contour element. Furthermore, many different contour elements can be constructed using these outlines. This allows for the creation of interesting and natural-looking, or even organic, laying patterns that can blend into a natural environment. Various contour elements, such as those designed to resemble boulders, can loosen up or wilden the laying pattern, resulting in an interesting, natural-looking pattern with the paving stones. For example, the contour elements could have a potato-like appearance.

[0063] Since several contour elements can be laid with a single paving stone, covering the ground can be made easier and faster. Such contour element shapes are particularly advantageous when the sides of the paving stone's base have a sinusoidal shape, because the curved sides and surfaces of the contour elements adapt better to the curved, sinusoidal shape of the base and sides. This allows the contour elements to better fill the curved areas at the edge of the base.

[0064] In a favorable embodiment of the paving stone, at least one fastening element can connect at least two contour elements, particularly those designed as paving stones. In one conceivable embodiment of the paving stone, the outline of the base can be a contour formed by imaginary lines. Each side of this imaginary contour can, for example, be touched by at least two contour elements. Alternatively, a segment of the outline of a contour element can form a segment of the outline of the base. Furthermore, it is conceivable that a contour element touches two or three sides of the imaginary contour. The at least one fastening element can be designed as a net-like structure and / or as a polygonal element.

[0065] At least one fastening element can be arranged on a non-visible back side of the contour elements, in particular on the back side of the paving stone, in order to connect these contour elements to each other on their back sides. The back side of the contour elements does not necessarily have to face the underside of the paving stone.

[0066] Additionally or alternatively, at least one of the fastening elements can be arranged between at least two contour elements and can connect corresponding opposing lateral surfaces of adjacent contour elements.

[0067] The shape of at least one fastening element can be chosen arbitrarily. Geometric shapes and other forms are conceivable. Furthermore, a combination of fastening elements arranged on the back sides of the contour elements and fastening elements arranged on the outer surfaces of the contour elements is conceivable.

[0068] The visible upper surface of at least one fastening element can be positioned such that it is located below the upper surfaces of the existing contour elements. This allows the at least one fastening element to be covered by jointing and / or filling material. In this embodiment, the paving stone according to the invention can be formed from several interconnected contour elements. A suitable mold could be used to create a one-piece paving stone that gives the impression of being composed of several contour elements connected by fastening elements.

[0069] Additionally or alternatively, it is conceivable that at least two contour elements are connected to each other without a fastening element. In this case, the lateral surfaces of adjacent contour elements can be connected to each other, whereby several contour elements can be combined to form a single overall contour element.

[0070] Additionally or alternatively, several contour elements can be arranged overlapping each other and connected to each other in the overlapping area, especially by material bonding.

[0071] Additionally or alternatively, the laying stone can have at least one base element to which contour elements and / or interconnected contour elements and / or overlapping contour elements are connected.

[0072] Additionally or alternatively, at least one of the fastening elements can be made of a different material than the contour elements. Advantageously, a paving stone according to the invention with contour elements and fastening elements can be lighter than a paving stone according to the invention with a base element to which the contour elements are connected.

[0073] Furthermore, the fastening element can be designed to be so fragile that it can easily break. This allows individual contour elements to be removed and replaced with other contour elements or paving stones once the paving stones are laid. This allows for further adjustments to the laying pattern.

[0074] With a favorable design of the paving stone, at least one fastening element can be designed as a net-like structure.

[0075] The net-like structure can be arranged on the back of the contour elements and connect them to each other. Additionally or alternatively, the net-like structure can run around the outer surfaces of the outer contour elements and connect them to each other. The arrangement of the top surface of the net-like structure can be chosen so that it is not visible when the tiles are laid and grouted.

[0076] In a favorable design of the paving stone, adjacent contour elements, particularly those designed as paving stones, can be spaced apart and connected by a polygonal element, especially a rib, bridging this gap. At least one upper surface of the polygonal element can be spaced apart from the upper surface of a contour element in the vertical direction of the paving stone, so that at least one step or ledge is formed between the upper surface of the polygonal element and the upper surface of the contour element. This allows the polygonal element or rib to be covered with jointing and / or filling material when laid. The polygonal element can connect several contour elements. Furthermore, the areas between the contour elements that are not filled by the polygonal element can form deep joints.

[0077] A bridge can be an element of a net-like structure. Additionally or alternatively, several individual bridges can connect multiple contour elements. For example, one of the bridges can have the sinusoidal shape of the side and can be located at the edge. In this case, the bridge can define the shape of the side and connect contour elements at the edge. Regardless of its shape and arrangement, each bridge connects at least two contour elements.

[0078] A contour element can also be connected to several contour elements via multiple webs. The webs can run between contour elements, with the arrangement of the top surfaces of the webs being chosen so that the top surfaces of the webs are not visible when the tiles are laid and grouted.

[0079] In this process, the upper surfaces of ribs and net-like structures are arranged below the upper surfaces of the contour elements. Additionally or alternatively, the ribs can run along the back surfaces of the contour elements. Furthermore, at least one fastening element arranged at the edge can additionally form a spacer for the paving stone according to the invention.

[0080] With a favorable design of the laying stone, adjacent contour elements, especially those designed as paving stones, can be connected to each other via adjacent connecting areas on corresponding opposite side surfaces of the outer surface.

[0081] Advantageously, the paving stone can be formed from directly connected contour elements. A mold can be designed such that the paving stone appears to be made from several interconnected contour elements.

[0082] Additionally or alternatively, the laying stone can have at least two opposing contour elements which are arranged overlapping each other and are connected to each other at the overlap areas, in particular by a material bond.

[0083] Additionally or alternatively, contour elements can be connected to each other via fastening elements and / or by a base element.

[0084] In a favorable design of the paving stone, it can comprise a base element whose cross-section, in particular its top surface, corresponds to the base area. The contour elements can be arranged on the base element, in particular on the top surface of the base element, and can project from the top surface of the base element.

[0085] The contour elements can have similar depths perpendicular to the top surface of the base element. The top surface of the base element can be completely concealed or covered by joints and / or filler material and / or by the contour elements. Each side of the base surface outline can be touched by at least two contour elements. Advantageously, a paving stone with a base element can be easily manufactured using drycast or wetcast methods. Furthermore, a paving stone with a base element can be easily laid. Additionally, the sinusoidal shape of the sides can be easily achieved with a base element by shaping the side surfaces of the base element's body. The base element can also have additional anti-slip features, such as grooves on an underside or lugs on side surfaces.Furthermore, the base element can have spacers which can define a distance to adjacent laying stones and / or a course of the outline of the base area.

[0086] With a suitable design of the paving stone, the contour elements can be formed as a single unit with the base element. For example, a mold can be shaped to form the base element and the contour elements on its upper surface. Alternatively, the upper surface of the base element could be stamped, altering its shape to create multiple contour elements on the visible surface. This single-piece design allows the contour elements to be reliably and almost permanently attached to the base element.

[0087] Alternatively, the contour elements can be multi-part and each attached to and / or molded onto the base element. For example, the contour elements can be injection-molded onto the top surface. Furthermore, the contour elements can be applied or pressed onto the still-damp top surface of the base element and fixed to it as the top surface cures. Attachment methods such as gluing the contour elements are also conceivable. Multi-part contour elements allow for more flexible design of the contour element assemblies.

[0088] The base element allows for the simple implementation of the base's outline. This enables a simple and reliable interlocking of the convex and concave deflections of adjacent paving stones. It is also possible for the base to have additional areas besides the cross-section of the base element. For example, spacers can be attached to the base element to define sections of the outline.

[0089] According to a further aspect of the invention, a paving stone bond with a plurality of paving stones is proposed, wherein several paving stones are designed as already described. The paving stones can be laid in a square grid. Alternatively, the paving stones can be laid in a grid with more than four sides of equal length.

[0090] For example, the paving stone pattern can consist of six different paving stones, each differing in the arrangement of its contour elements. These paving stones can form a layer. A layer refers to a number of paving stones produced together. Advantageously, a layer with different or identical paving stones can be cast in the same mold. The stones then undergo the subsequent manufacturing steps together. Depending on the dimensions of the paving stones, a varying number of stones can be arranged on a Euro pallet. A layer can have the dimensions of a Euro pallet. Even when these layers are simply placed next to each other, a laying pattern is created that does not exhibit any immediately recognizable repetitions. It is possible to rotate individual paving stones within the layer by 90°, 180°, and 270°, or by any other suitable degree.Additionally or alternatively, an entire layer of different or identical paving stones can be rotated. This allows multiple layers with different orientations to be arranged side by side.

[0091] Alternatively, identical paving stones can be used. This allows for several design options to be implemented for a corresponding laying pattern.

[0092] Additionally, it is possible to combine paving stones according to the invention with paving stones having a visible surface without contour elements in the paving stone bond. The paving stones without contour elements can also have an outline with sides having a sinusoidal or stepped profile. This allows these paving stones to be easily laid with paving stones according to the invention.

[0093] The advantages of the laying stones according to the invention have already been described and will not all be repeated here.

[0094] Because the paving stones have an outline with sides with a sinusoidal or stepped profile, where the sine function or the rectangular function for the periodic profile on the sides is the same function, the paving stones can be laid intuitively and easily and can easily interlock with each other.

[0095] Advantageously, the paving stones can be easily laid next to each other, with a convex deflection at the maximum of one paving stone engaging with a concave deflection at the minimum of an adjacent paving stone, and vice versa. In the case of paving stones with a stepped design, the upper step of one paving stone can engage with the lower step of an adjacent paving stone, and vice versa. The geometry with the deflections or steps absorbs shear forces in at least two directions, thereby making slippage and / or rotation of the paving stones due to shear forces more difficult or even impossible. This allows for the implementation of anti-rotation and anti-displacement protection, which can permit driving on a surface covering formed by such a paving stone arrangement. Furthermore, many laying patterns could be implemented with these paving stones.Furthermore, a natural, organic laying pattern can be implemented with such paving stones.

[0096] Furthermore, the paving stones with a square laying grid can be rotated 90°, 180°, 270° or 360° around a center point at the designated location. Additionally, the paving stones can be laid in a cross joint pattern.

[0097] Paving stones with a different laying grid, which has more than four sides of equal length, can be rotated at the intended location by a suitable number of degrees around a center point.

[0098] Since several contour elements are arranged within the base of the paving stone, laying a paving stone according to the invention advantageously creates the impression that many smaller stones or paving stones are laid at that location. Many interesting laying patterns can be advantageously created by selecting and arranging the contour elements.

[0099] Since the laying pattern includes both dummy joints between contour elements and joints between paving stones, the actual joint between the paving stones is no longer discernible. This allows for a more organic, natural, and / or wilder, less structured, and / or less constructed appearance of the laying pattern. Furthermore, by filling and / or planting vegetation in the spaces between the contour elements and the joints between the paving stones, it becomes obscure that these are large paving stones with multiple contour elements. The impression can be created that several small paving stones are laid across the surface.

[0100] The contour elements can advantageously project vertically from the visible surface, thereby creating the impression of a natural path and / or square paved with stones or a path and / or square paved with cobblestones when several paving stones according to the invention are laid. The contour elements arranged within the base area can have different depths, thus creating paths and / or squares with an uneven surface. This surface can, for example, be less slippery when wet.

[0101] With a suitable paving pattern, the paving stones can be laid in a square grid. This advantageously allows for simple planning of a surface covering. However, other suitable grids with more than four equal sides are also conceivable. To allow the paving stones to be rotated, the sides of the grid should be of equal length. Likewise, the sides of the outline of the base of the paving stones should be of equal length.

[0102] In the following, a paving grid is understood to be a two-dimensional construct with which a surface can theoretically be covered. The paving grid is designed such that the outlines of adjacent paving grids abut each other almost seamlessly. The paving grid comprises an area of ​​the cross-section of the paving stone or the base area of ​​the paving stone and half the laying distance to an adjacent paving stone. Since the cross-section or base area of ​​the paving stone and half the laying distance are taken into account in the paving grid, a floor covering and / or wall covering and / or ceiling covering and / or a paving stone bond and / or a surface pattern can be easily planned using these paving grids.

[0103] Depending on a favorable design of the laying stone arrangement, the laying stones can be arranged in their initial position and / or rotated 90° and / or 180° and / or 270° around a vertical axis relative to each other.

[0104] For paving stones with a hexagonal laying grid, the paving stones can be arranged in their initial position and / or rotated 60° and / or 120° and / or 180° and / or 240° and / or 300° around a vertical axis relative to each other.

[0105] Rotating the paving stones also changes the positions of the contour elements within the paving pattern, which can create a different visual impression. Rotating a paving stone in the same location can create the illusion that several different paving stones within the pattern are arranged differently than in the area adjacent to that stone.

[0106] Furthermore, a more irregular laying pattern can be created. Additionally, different paving stones can be combined within the paving pattern. Contour elements can also be interchangeable due to a break in the ribs.

[0107] The manufacturing process for such paving stones can be carried out using the drycast method. In this process, several paving stones are manufactured in a mold, particularly a steel mold. The individual paving stones are then joined to form a slab. In one embodiment of the invention, the contour elements of the paving stones are also connected to form paving stones via narrow concrete ribs. A production layer can consist of six paving stones. However, more or fewer paving stones per production layer and mold are also conceivable. A production layer typically has the dimensions of a Euro pallet. The smaller the paving stones are, the more paving stones can be contained in a production layer that can be arranged on a Euro pallet.

[0108] In one process step, the production mold is manufactured. This mold has the negative geometry of the desired paving stones. In this mold, the paving stones are not completely separated from each other, but connected by narrow ribs created by slots in the mold. The ribs are designed to be stable enough during demolding, but to be able to break or cut later during installation.

[0109] The steel mold is filled with earth-moist concrete. This concrete contains little water and is therefore compactable but not flowable. The poured concrete is compacted by vibration and pressure. A vibrating base plate can be used for this purpose from below. From above, a press head can force the concrete into the cavities. This combination results in high density and precise dimensional accuracy. The narrow slots for the concrete ribs are also filled cleanly. After the compaction cycle, the machine's base plate is lowered. The freshly formed paving stone, which consists of several interconnected paving stones with ribs, is pressed out of the steel mold. Stability is ensured by the ribs and the low water content of the concrete. This allows the paving stone to remain transportable even without hardening.

[0110] The demolded slabs are stacked on pallets. The pallets containing the paving stones are then placed in a curing chamber with controlled temperature and humidity. There, the cement hydration process begins until the stones reach sufficient early strength after 12-24 hours.

[0111] After curing, the slabs are removed from the chamber. The slabs can be used individually for machine installation on the construction site. Alternatively, the webs between the paving stones can be broken or cut so that the paving stones can also be laid individually.

[0112] The use of concrete ridges in the mold allows the paving stones to be produced as ready-to-lay slabs. This saves time on the construction site because larger areas can be laid mechanically. At the same time, the flexibility to later separate the paving stones into individual pieces is retained. drawing

[0113] Further advantages become apparent from the following description of the drawings. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention. The drawings, the description, and the claims contain numerous features in combination. A person skilled in the art will expediently consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.

[0114] They show, for example: Fig. 1 a simplified representation of an embodiment of a paving stone according to the invention with a base surface and its outline; Fig. 2 a top view of an embodiment of a paving stone arrangement according to the invention with two embodiments of the paving stone according to the invention, wherein the embodiments of the paving stone have a base surface according to Fig. 1 exhibit; Fig. 3 a top view of an extension of the embodiment of the paving stone bond made of Fig. 2Fig. 4 shows a simplified representation of a further embodiment of the laying stone arrangement according to the invention, using laying stones according to the invention. Fig. 1 Fig. 5 a top view of a further embodiment of the paving stone according to the invention; Fig. 6 top view of a further embodiment of the paving stone according to the invention; Fig. 7 top view of a further embodiment of the paving stone according to the invention; Fig. 8 a top view of the embodiment of the paving stone according to the invention. Figure 5 in the laid state; Fig. 9 a top view of the embodiment of the laying stone according to the invention. Figure 7in the laid state; Fig. 10 a perspective view of an embodiment of the laying stone according to the invention; Fig. 11 a perspective view of an embodiment of the laying stone arrangement according to the invention with six different embodiments of the laying stone according to the invention; Fig. 12 a top view of a production layer with six embodiments of the laying stone according to the invention; Fig. 13 a top view of a pushed-together production layer according to Figure 12 Fig. 14 shows a simplified representation of a further embodiment of a paving stone according to the invention, with a base and its outline; Fig. 15 shows a simplified representation of a further embodiment of the paving stone arrangement according to the invention with paving stones according to the invention. Fig. 14Fig. 16 shows a simplified representation of a further embodiment of the paving stone according to the invention, with a base and its outline; Fig. 17 shows a simplified representation of a further embodiment of the paving stone arrangement according to the invention with paving stones according to the invention. Fig. 16 Fig. 18: A top view of partial stones of an embodiment of the paving stone according to the invention; Fig. 19: A top view of partial stones according to Figure 18 in an alternative arrangement; Fig. 20 a top view of partial stones according to Figures 18 and 19 in a further alternative arrangement; Fig. 21 a top view of a further embodiment of the laying stone according to the invention; Fig. 22 a top view of a further embodiment of the laying stone arrangement according to the invention with laying stones according to Figure 21Fig. 23 shows a top view of a further embodiment of the paving stone according to the invention; Fig. 24 shows a top view of a further embodiment of the paving stone arrangement according to the invention with paving stones according to Figure 23 Fig. 25 a top view of a further embodiment of the paving stone according to the invention; Fig. 26 a top view of a further embodiment of the paving stone according to the invention; Fig. 27 a top view of a further embodiment of the paving stone arrangement according to the invention with paving stones according to Figure 25 ; Fig. 28 a top view of a further embodiment of the paving stone bond according to the invention with paving stones according to Figure 26 Fig. 29 shows a simplified view of a further embodiment of the paving stone according to the invention; and Fig. 30 shows a simplified view of a further embodiment of the paving stone arrangement according to the invention with paving stones made of Figure 29 . embodiment of the invention

[0115] In the figures, similar or equivalent components are numbered with the same reference symbols. The figures merely show examples and are not to be understood as limiting.

[0116] The directional terminology used below, including terms like "left," "right," "above," "below," "in front," "behind," "after," and the like, serves only to improve the understanding of the figures and is in no way intended to limit their generality. The components and elements depicted, their interpretation, and their use may vary according to the considerations of a person skilled in the art and be adapted to the specific applications.

[0117] The figures show various embodiments of a paving stone 100 according to the invention. First, the similarities are discussed. Subsequently, the differences are addressed.

[0118] As from the Figures 1 to 30As can be seen, the illustrated embodiments of the laying stone 100 according to the invention each have an imaginary base surface 110 and several, in the Figures 2 , 3 , 5 to 13 , 18 to 28 The contour elements 150 shown are arranged within the imaginary base area 110. The outline 112 of the base area 110 forms an envelope for the contour elements 150.

[0119] As from the Figures 1 to 7 , 14 to 18 , 21 to 30 As can be further seen, the outline 112 comprises at least four sides 120 of equal length, which have the same profile based on a given periodic function. The sides 120 of the base 110 meet at vertices 140 of the base 110, and these vertices 140 form vertices 140 of a square 512 or vertices 140 of another geometric solid with sides 120 of equal length.

[0120] In the Figures 29 and 30The geometric shape is a hexagon.

[0121] In the Figure 1 , 4 , 7 , 14 to 17 , 21 , 25 The geometric body is a square 512.

[0122] The distance between opposite corners 140 of the square 512 and the geometric body with more than four corners 140 corresponds to a complete period or a multiple of the complete period of the periodic function of the course.

[0123] As from the Figures 4 , 15 , 17 , and 30 As can be seen, the square 512 and the hexagon correspond to the laying grid 510, in which the corresponding paving stone 100 is laid. A square laying grid 510 has the advantage that the corresponding paving stone 100 can be laid with a cross joint.

[0124] The 100 paving stones are primarily used for creating a soil covering. The longitudinal dimension (X) of the 100 paving stones corresponds to the transverse dimension (Y).

[0125] The paving stone 100 according to the invention can, for example, be made of concrete or another suitable material. It can be manufactured using a drycast or wetcast process.

[0126] The drycast process can be a vibration-pressing process; for example, the concrete mix can be poured into a mold, particularly a steel mold. For the wetcast process, flowable concrete mixes can be poured into plastic molds, for example, made of polyurethane. These plastic molds can reproduce the finest structures, such as wood, and allow for the precise reproduction of closely spaced edges of the contour elements 150. In the drycast process, only larger gaps between the contour elements 150 are possible due to the metal ribs in the mold.

[0127] The in the Figures 1 to 18 The illustrated embodiments of the paving stone 100 according to the invention have a base 110, the outline 112 of which comprises four sides 120, 121, 122, 123, 124. The shape of the sides 120, 121, 122, 123, 124 is based on a sine function.

[0128] The in the Figures 21 to 28The illustrated embodiments of the paving stone 100 according to the invention have a base 110, the outline 112 of which comprises four sides 120, 121, 122, 123, 124. The shape of the sides 120, 121, 122, 123, 124 is based on a rectangular function.

[0129] A rectangular function can be constructed from a sine function, for example. Tangents can be drawn at the extrema of the sine function, intersecting at inflection points and then connected. Alternatively, a straight line connecting inflection points can be connected to an extremum by a tangent. The length of the tangents and / or the connecting line can also depend on significant points in the sine function.

[0130] The in the Figures 29 and 30The illustrated embodiment of the paving stone 100 according to the invention has a base 110, the outline 112 of which comprises six sides 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126. The shape of the sides 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126 is based on a sine function. In an alternative embodiment not shown, the shape can also be based on a rectangular function.

[0131] As from the Figures 1 to 7 , 14 to 18 , 21 to 30As can be further seen, the periodic function has at least two alternating sections 132, 134, 136, 138 within one period. A first section 132, 136, which is designed in particular as a concave deflection 136 in the case of the sine function or as a lower stage 132 in the case of the rectangular function, runs closer to a center point P than a second section 134, 138, which is designed in particular as a convex deflection 138 in the case of the sine function or as an upper stage 134 in the case of the rectangular function.

[0132] In a sinusoidal course with several complete periods and several displacements 136, 138, convex displacements 138 alternate with a maximum and concave displacements 136 with a minimum.

[0133] In the rectangular function, the upper steps 134 and the lower steps 132 form right-angled triangles above or below the connecting line between the corners 140 of the square 512. The amplitude 125 of the sinusoidal curve or the adjacent side of the triangle can be chosen such that it periodically exhibits values ​​between a maximum value at the maximum and a minimum value at the minimum. In the illustrated embodiments, the magnitude of the maximum value of the amplitude 125 is equal to the magnitude of the minimum value of the amplitude 125. Here, constant maximum values ​​of the amplitude 125 can be chosen for the maximum values ​​at the maxima, and constant minimum values ​​of the amplitude 125 can be chosen for the minima.

[0134] In the in the Figures 1 to 13In the illustrated embodiments of the laying stone 100 according to the invention, each side 120, 121, 122, 123, 124 has a convex deflection 138 and a concave deflection 136 and three turning points 139.

[0135] In the in the Figures 21 to 28 In the illustrated embodiments of the laying stone 100 according to the invention, each side 120, 121, 122, 123, 124 has an upper step 134 and a lower step 132.

[0136] The in the Figures 1 to 13 and 21 to 30 The illustrated examples differ from those in the Figures 14 to 17 The illustrated embodiments are characterized by the fact that the contours of pages 120 in the Figures 14 to 17 The illustrated embodiments exhibit more than one period of the underlying function.

[0137] The in the Figures 14 and 15 The illustrated embodiment has a curve on sides 120, which each comprises two periods of the underlying sine function.

[0138] The in the Figures 14 and 15 The illustrated embodiment of the laying stone 100 according to the invention has an outline 112 with sides 120, 121, 122, 123, 124 with two convex deflections 138 and two concave deflections 136 and five turning points 139.

[0139] The in Figures 16 and 17 The illustrated embodiment has a curve on sides 120, each comprising four periods of the underlying sine function.

[0140] The in the Figures 16 and 17 The illustrated embodiment of the laying stone 100 according to the invention has an outline 112 with sides 120, 121, 122, 123, 124 with four convex deflections 138 and four concave deflections 136 and nine turning points 139.

[0141] In an embodiment of the paving stone 100 according to the invention (not shown), three convex deflections 138 and three concave deflections 136 are also conceivable. Furthermore, sinusoidal profiles with more than four convex deflections 138 and more than four concave deflections 136 are conceivable.

[0142] In an alternative embodiment not shown, the pages may also have three periods or more than four periods of the underlying function.

[0143] In an alternative embodiment not shown, pages 120, which are based on a rectangular function, can have more than one lower level 132 and more than one upper level 134. In this case, the lower levels 132 and the upper levels 134 alternate.

[0144] Furthermore, for base areas 110 with more than 4 corners ( Figures 29 and 30A curve with more than one period of the sine function is conceivable. Furthermore, the curve can be based on a rectangular function, in which case the curve can have one or more periods.

[0145] By varying the number of periods, the number of deflections on the corresponding sides 120 also changes. The number of complete periods, and thus the number of deflections 136, 138, of the sinusoidal curve, or the number of steps 132, 134 of the rectangular function of the step-shaped curve of sides 120, 121, 122, 123, 124 of the outline 112, can be chosen arbitrarily.

[0146] With a base area of ​​110 and four corners of 140, the corners of 140 form a square of 512, which defines the laying grid of 510. With a base area of ​​110 and more than four corners of 140, the corners of 140 form a corresponding polygon.

[0147] As from the Figures 1 to 30As can be further seen, in the illustrated embodiments, inflection points 139 of opposing deflections 136, 138, 132, 134 meet at the corners 140 of the base 110.

[0148] As from the Figures 1 to 17 and 21 to 30 As can be further seen, in the corners 140 of the base 110, inflection points 139 of opposing deflections 136, 138, in particular opposing amplitudes 125, meet. Here, the period of the sinusoidal course starts ( Figs. 1 to 17 as well as 29 and 30) or a step-shaped progression of a rectangular function ( Figs. 21 to 28) on a first side 121 at a corner 140 of the base 110 and extends to the opposite corner 140 of the base 110, where the period of the sinusoidal or step-like curve of the second side 122 begins. This sinusoidal or step-like curve also extends to the opposite corner 130, where the period of the sinusoidal or step-like curve of the third side 123 begins. This sinusoidal or step-like curve also extends to the opposite corner 130, where the period of the sinusoidal or step-like curve of the fourth side 124 begins. This sinusoidal or step-like curve also extends to the opposite corner 140, where the period of the sinusoidal or step-like curve of the first side 121 begins. In the version with six corners ( Figs. 29 and 30There are two further pages, 125 and 126.

[0149] The in the Figures 1 to 10 , 25 to 28 The base surfaces 110 shown are also rotationally symmetric about 90°, 180°, 270° and 360° at the center point P and can be rotated about the vertical axis Z.

[0150] The in the Figures 29 and 30 The depicted base areas 110 are also rotationally symmetrical about the center. P, However, it can be rotated by 60°, 120°, 180°, 240°, 300° and 360° and around the vertical axis Z. A different base 110 with a different shape may have a different rotational symmetry.

[0151] As from the Figures 1 to 30As can be further seen, in the illustrated embodiments, opposite sides 120 of the outline 112 of the base 110 run parallel to each other. As a result, convex deflections 138 and concave deflections 136 are arranged opposite each other, or lower steps 132 and upper steps 134 are arranged opposite each other.

[0152] Pages 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, and 126 each contain a sinusoidal or step-like curve with at least one complete period of the respective function in the illustrated implementation examples.

[0153] The sine function for the sinusoidal profile and the rectangular function for the stepped profile are the same on the common sides 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126 of the paving stones 100 according to the invention. This allows the corresponding paving stones 100 to be laid intuitively and easily and to interlock easily with adjacent paving stones 100 with the same outline 112. Naturally, many paving stones with different side profiles can be produced. In this case, the paving stones 100 that share the same underlying function can be laid together.

[0154] As from the Figures 2 , 3 , 5 to 13 , 18 to 28As can be further seen, the illustrated paving stones 100 according to the invention comprise several contour elements 150, which are arranged within the base area 110. In the illustrated embodiments, the contour elements 150 are arranged at least partially on a visible surface 108 of the paving stone 100 according to the invention.

[0155] In the Figure 1 , 4 , 14 to 17 Only the base areas 110 are shown. These are, of course, filled with contour elements 150 that are not shown.

[0156] For example, areas of the contour elements 150 can form the visible surface 108 or face the visible surface 108. Other areas of the contour elements 150 can face away from the visible surface 108 and not be visible. The outline 112 of the base area 110 forms an envelope for the contour elements 150.

[0157] Contour elements 150 arranged at the edge of the base area 110 have an outline 152 which at least partially touches the outline 112 of the imaginary base area 110. In the Figure 26 and 28 In the illustrated embodiment, the outlines 152 of the contour elements 150 run parallel to the outline 112 of the imaginary base 110, without the outlines 152 of the contour elements 150 touching the outline 112 of the base 110.

[0158] In an alternative embodiment not shown, the contour elements 150 arranged within the base area 110 may not intersect these imaginary lines of the outline 112 of the base area 110 or may run parallel to them.

[0159] Furthermore, the contour elements 150 can be designed as paving stones with two end faces and connecting outer surfaces 158, wherein at least one of the end faces of the paving stones forms a contour element upper surface 157, which forms an area of ​​a visible surface 108 of the paving stone 100. As can be seen from the Figures 10 and 11 As can be seen further, additional spacers 170 are arranged on the lateral surfaces 158. Further spacers 170 are located in the Figures 5 , 6 , 12 , 13 hinted at.

[0160] As from the Figures 10 and 11As can be seen, the depicted paving stone 100 comprises at least four imaginary side surfaces, each extending along one of the sides 120 of the outline 112, wherein at least one of the contour elements 150 arranged at the edge is adjacent to at least one of the imaginary side surfaces. At least one lateral surface 158 and / or a lateral surface 158 with a spacer 170 forms a section of the side surface, in particular wherein the spacers 170 and / or lateral surfaces 158 of adjacent paving stones 100 abut each other at least partially in the intended state. Because the imaginary side surfaces have real areas formed by lateral surfaces 158 and spacers 170, side surfaces of adjacent paving stones 100 can abut each other. This allows the paving stones 100 to be grouped and clamped together. In addition, laying such a group together ( Figure 11) possible. In addition, an endless belt of 100 laying stones can be formed during production, which makes manufacturing steps easier to implement.

[0161] As from the Figures 2 , 3 , 5 to 13 , 18 to 20 , 23, 24 As can be seen further, the depicted contour elements 150, designed as paving stones, have different dimensions. Each contour element 150 has an outline 152, which features a number of bulges, each intersected by an imaginary secant. The outline 152 of the contour elements 150 is the circumferential outer contour of the respective contour element 150 as seen from above. The secants are of equal and / or different lengths and thus define the extent of the corresponding bulge.

[0162] In an alternative embodiment not shown, the contour elements 150 can also have the same dimensions and / or orientations.

[0163] In an alternative embodiment of the paving stone 100 according to the invention (not shown), the contour elements 150 can have outlines 152 in the form of geometric shapes, such as squares, rectangles, circles, ellipses, polygons, or combinations of geometric shapes, or the outline 152 can have a shape composed of several geometric shapes. Furthermore, the outlines 152 can be organically shaped. In addition, combinations of geometric and organic shapes are conceivable for the outlines 152.

[0164] The in the Figure 21 , 22 , 25 to 28 The illustrated embodiments differ from those in the Figures 2 , 3 , 5 to 13 , 18 to 20 , 23 , 24through the design of the contour elements 150 from each other.

[0165] As from the Figures 2 , 3 , 5 to 13 , 18 to 20 , 23 , 24 As can be seen, the depicted contour elements 150, designed as paving stones, lie abutting each other. The outline 152 of these contour elements 150 each has a geometric shape with straight sides. The outline 152 forms the circumferential outer contour of the visible upper contour surface 157 of the respective contour element 150, as seen from above.

[0166] In the Figure 21 and 22In the illustrated embodiment, the contour elements 150, designed as paving stones and arranged within the base area 110, have an outline 152 enclosing a square. Four contour elements 150 are arranged in two rows. The outer sections of the outlines 152 of the contour elements 150 form the outline 112 of the base area 110. Each contour element 150 forms two steps 132, 134. For example, an upper step 134 on one side 122 of the outline 112 of the base area 110 and a lower step 132 on another side 123 of the outline 112 of the base area 110. An adjacent contour element 150 forms the other step 132, 134 in each case. Thus, the contour elements 150 form the underlying rectangular function. The rectangular function stipulates that the lower step 132 is the same length as the upper step 134.In the illustrated embodiment, four square contour elements 150 are arranged around a square recess that surrounds the center point P. The in . Figure 22 The illustrated publisher grid 500 has corresponding cutouts.

[0167] In an alternative embodiment, the contour elements can be as shown in Fig 26 They can also be smaller, so that only the contour elements 150 arranged at the edge follow the outline 112 of the base area 110 with their outer sections. Furthermore, the contour elements 150 can have different dimensions. This avoids the offset around the center point P.

[0168] The in the Figures 23 and 24 The illustrated embodiment differs from the one described in the Figure 21 and 22In the illustrated embodiment, the contour elements 150 each have an outline 152 which features a number of bulges, each intersected by an imaginary secant. This makes the contour elements 150 resemble natural stones. Furthermore, the recess around the center point P can be avoided. In addition, the Figure 24 The depicted paving stone pattern is 500 more irregular than the one in Figure 22 The paving stone pattern shown is 500. The choice of contour elements (150) allows for the accommodation of different customer requirements.

[0169] The in the Figures 21 to 24 The illustrated embodiment differs from the one described in the Figures 25 to 28 The illustrated embodiment is characterized by the fact that the rectangular function is incorporated into the Figures 25 to 28 provides that the lower step 132 is longer than the upper step 134.

[0170] In Figure 25 and 27The contour elements 150, designed as paving stones and arranged within the base area 110, have an outline 152 enclosing a rectangle. Four contour elements 150 are arranged in two rows. In The adjacent contour elements 150 are arranged in rows rotated 90° relative to each other. The outer sections of the outlines 152 of the contour elements 150 form the outline 112 of the base 110. Each contour element 150 forms two steps 132, 134. For example, the narrow side forms an upper step 134 on one side 122 of the outline 112 of the base 110, and the long side forms a lower step 132 on another side 123 of the outline 112 of the base 110. An adjacent contour element 150 forms the other step 132, 134. Thus, the contour elements 150 reproduce the underlying rectangular function.

[0171] The in Figure 26 and 28The illustrated embodiment differs from the one in Figure 25 and 27 the illustrated embodiment in that in the Figure 26 and 28 In the illustrated embodiment, several smaller contour elements 150 fill the base area 110. The outlines 152 of the contour elements 150 enclose rectangular or square areas, which are arranged in rows. Other arrangements would also be conceivable.

[0172] In the in the Figure 27 and 28 The laying patterns shown create 100 square recesses between the laying stones.

[0173] In an alternative embodiment not shown, contour elements 150 with an outline 152 can be arranged within the base area 110. This outline has a number of curves, each intersected by an imaginary secant. This makes the contour elements 150 appear like natural stones. Because more irregular joints 210 are formed between these contour elements, the square recesses between the paving stones 100 are less noticeable in this embodiment.

[0174] The square and rectangular outlines 152 could alternatively be arranged with different orientations to each other instead of in a row.

[0175] The contour elements 150, whose outlines 152 enclose a rectangle or a square, can form cuboid or cube-shaped paving stones.

[0176] The contour elements, whose outlines have curves, can form cobblestones or other natural-looking paving stones.

[0177] As from the Figures 2 , 3 , 5 to 13 , 18 to 20 , 23 , 24 As can be further seen, the contour elements 150 are arranged on the visible surface 108 of the paving stone 100 according to the invention when laid in the intended state. The contour elements 150 form a contour element bond 200 with joints 210 between adjacent contour elements 150, in particular on the visible surface 108 of the paving stone 100 according to the invention.

[0178] In the Figures 2 and 3 Two embodiments of the paving stone 100 according to the invention are shown. One of the paving stones 100 has nine contour elements 150, the other has eight contour elements 150.

[0179] The in Figure 5 illustrated embodiment and the one in Figure 6The illustrated embodiment of the laying stone 100 according to the invention differs, among other things, from the one shown, and the one in Figure 7 The illustrated embodiment of the paving stone 100 according to the invention is distinguished by the number and arrangement of the contour elements 150. The Figures 5 and 6 The illustrated embodiments have the same contour element assembly 200, which comprises seventeen contour elements 150. Only the fixing of the contour elements 150 differs, at least partially, in these embodiments.

[0180] The in Figure 7 The illustrated embodiment has a contour element assembly 200, which comprises nineteen contour elements 150.

[0181] The number of contour elements (150) can be chosen arbitrarily, as long as they can be arranged within the outline (112). Furthermore, the elements differ in the Figures 5 and 6 illustrated embodiments of the Figure 7 The illustrated embodiment is achieved by the arrangement of the contour elements 150.

[0182] Figure 8 shows how this is in Figure 5 The illustrated embodiment of the laying stone 100 according to the invention looks like this in the grouted state.

[0183] Figure 9 shows how this is in Figure 7 The illustrated embodiment of the laying stone 100 according to the invention looks like this in the grouted state.

[0184] In an alternative embodiment not shown, the number and shape of the contour elements 150 can be identical in the embodiments, but the arrangement of the contour elements 150 on the base surface 110 can vary.

[0185] In the Figures 6 to 7 and 10 to 14 This shows how the contour elements 150 can be connected to each other. As can be seen from the Figures 5 , 6 10 to 14As can be seen, at least one fastening element 160 connects at least two contour elements 150 to each other. The respective fastening element 160 is arranged in the vertical direction of the paving stone 100 at a distance from a contour element top surface 157, such that at least one step is formed between the top surface 169 of the fastening element 160 and the contour element surface 157. This allows the fastening element 160 to be covered by filler material regardless of the orientation of the paving stone 100. Figures 2 , 3 , 8, 9 , 23 , 24 ). The fastening element 160 can be designed as a polygonal element 168.

[0186] As from the Figures 5 , 6 10 to 14 As can be further seen, the illustrated fastening elements 160, 162, 164, 166 are arranged between the contour elements 150 and connect the lateral surfaces 158 of adjacent contour elements 150 to each other.

[0187] Furthermore, the contour elements 150 can be, for example, defined by contact areas 154 ( Figure 5 and 7 ) be connected to each other.

[0188] In Figure 6 The contour elements 150 are additionally connected to each other by overlaps or intersections 156.

[0189] As from the Figures 5 , 6 , 12 13As can be further seen, some fastening elements 160, 162, 168 have a polygonal cross-section, with side surfaces of these fastening elements 160, 162, 168 abutting lateral surfaces 158 of the contour elements 150. A fastening element 160, 162, 168 can connect up to four contour elements 150 together. Another fastening element 160, 164 is star-shaped and comprises several webs, each web abutting one of the contour elements 150 at one end. A further fastening element 160, 166, 168 is a combination of the described fastening elements 162, 164, 168 and, in the illustrated embodiment, has a polygonal cross-section from which a web projects.

[0190] In an embodiment of the laying stone 100 according to the invention, not shown, at least one of the fastening elements 160 can be additionally or alternatively arranged on an underside of the contour elements 150.

[0191] In a further embodiment of the laying stone 100 according to the invention, not shown, the at least one fastening element 160 can be designed as a net-like structure and / or as a web.

[0192] The bridge can have a rectangular cross-section and can connect several contour elements 150 to one another. The mesh-like structure can have several fastening elements 160 which connect the contour elements 150 to one another. The fastening elements 160 can be made of a different material than the contour elements 150.

[0193] In the illustrated embodiments of the laying stone 100 according to the invention, the contour elements 150 and the fastening elements 160, 162, 164, 166, 168 are made of the same material in the same mold.

[0194] In the in the Figures 5 and 6In the illustrated embodiments of the paving stone 100 according to the invention, a spacer 170 is arranged on at least one of the contour elements 150. This spacer also forms a section of the outline 112. The in Figure 7 The illustrated embodiment of the laying stone 100 according to the invention does not have a spacer 170.

[0195] In the in the Figures 5 and 6 In the illustrated embodiments of the laying stone 100 according to the invention, at least two opposing contour elements 150 are connected to each other via connection areas 154 on corresponding opposing outer surfaces 158.

[0196] In an alternative embodiment of the paving stone 100 according to the invention, not shown, the paving stone 100 can have connection areas 154 between the contour elements 150 instead of fastening elements 160, such that each contour element 150 contacts at least one other contour element 150. This allows the paving stone 100 according to the invention to be formed from contour elements 150 that contact each other and are thereby connected. The connection areas 154 can also be arranged in a non-visible area. In this case, when grouted, the contour elements 150 may appear not to be connected to each other.

[0197] In the Figure 10 In the illustrated embodiment of the laying stone 100 according to the invention, the laying stone 100 has contour elements 150 that are connected to each other exclusively by fastening elements 160.

[0198] The in Figure 6The illustrated embodiment of the laying stone 100 according to the invention has several opposing contour elements 150, which are arranged overlapping each other and are connected to each other at overlap areas 156.

[0199] In an alternative embodiment of the paving stone 100 according to the invention, not shown, the paving stone 100 can have overlapping areas 156 between the contour elements 150 instead of fastening elements 160, so that each contour element 150 overlaps with at least one other contour element 150. This allows the paving stone 100 according to the invention to be formed from overlapping and thereby interconnected contour elements 150.

[0200] If overlap areas (not shown) are selected between the paving stones 100 according to the invention, but no contour elements 150 are provided, empty contour element areas are created between two adjacent paving stones 100, which can be filled with jointing material. Alternatively, these areas can be planted with vegetation.

[0201] An embodiment of the paving stone 100 according to the invention, not shown, differs from the illustrated embodiments of the paving stone 100 according to the invention in that it has a base element whose upper surface corresponds to the base surface 110. The contour elements 150 are arranged on the base element, particularly on its upper surface. The outline of the base element forms the outline 112 of the base surface 110, and the upper surface of the base element forms the base surface 110. The contour elements 150 can be formed integrally with the base element. In a further alternative embodiment, not shown, the contour elements 150 can also be formed in multiple parts and can each be attached to and / or integrally molded onto the base element.

[0202] In an alternative embodiment of the paving stone 100 according to the invention, not shown, the paving stone 100 can have the base element, which reliably fixes the contour elements 150, instead of fastening elements 160. Furthermore, a combination of touching or overlapping contour elements 150 and the base element is conceivable.

[0203] The overlap areas 156, connection areas 154 and fastening elements 160 can be combined with each other and / or with a base element as desired.

[0204] The in Figure 7The illustrated embodiment of the paving stone 100 according to the invention shows only one further exemplary contour element assembly 200. Some of the illustrated contour elements 150 are connected to each other via connection areas 154. The unconnected contour elements 150 can be connected to each other via a base element (not shown) and / or via fastening elements 160 (not shown) and / or via overlap areas 156 (not shown) and / or via connection areas 154 (not shown).

[0205] In an alternative embodiment not shown, at least one of the contour elements 150 of the in Figure 7 The illustrated embodiment has spacers 170 at the edge.

[0206] Additionally or alternatively, the base element not shown can have at least one spacer 170.

[0207] The Figures 2 , 3 , 8, 9 , 18 ,23 , 24 . 26 27 The exemplary embodiments of the paving stone 100 according to the invention are shown in the grouted state. The contour elements 150 can be connected to each other in a suitable manner.

[0208] In an embodiment of the paving stone 100 according to the invention (not shown), the underside and the top side of the paving stone 100 can be used as the visible surface 108. The paving stone 100 can be rotated 180° about one of its horizontal axes x, y. This results in further variations of the laying pattern during installation. For example, the contour elements 150 on the top and underside of the paving stone 100 can be designed differently. The top and bottom surfaces can, for example, have different colors.

[0209] The in Figure 18The illustrated embodiment of the paving stone 100 according to the invention is formed from two partial stones 109. The profile of the connecting side 131 between the partial stones 109 also exhibits a periodic profile. This periodic profile corresponds to a sine function with one period, which is also present on the other sides 121, 122, 123, and 124.

[0210] Here, the connecting side 131 runs between the inflection points of two opposite sides 121, 123 and parallel to the other two sides 122, 124. The partial stones 109 thus each have one long side 122, 124, 131 with a full period of the sine function and one narrow side with half a period of the sine function. Partial stones 109 can also be used with laying stones 100 with a rectangular function. Figures 19 and 20 show alternative arrangements of the partial stones 109. In Figure 19 The individual stones 109 are arranged rotated 180° relative to each other. Figure 20The individual stones are arranged rotated 90° relative to each other.

[0211] The Figures 2 , 3 , 4 , 11 to 13 , 15 , 17 , 22 , 24 , 27 , 28 and 30 show a paving stone arrangement 500 according to the invention with a plurality of paving stones 100 according to the invention. Several paving stones 100 according to the invention can be, as shown in the Figures 4 , 15 , 17 , 30 It is evident that only the outlines 112 and the laying grid 510 of the laying stones 100 are shown, laid in rows and columns.

[0212] The Figure 15 and 17 The outlines 112 and laying grid 510 show two embodiments of the laying stone bonds 500. These differ from those in Figure 2 , 3 , 4 The publisher's grid 510 shown is formed by the fact that pages 120 of outline 112 are in Figure 15has two periods of the sine function and in Figure 17 exhibits four complete periods of the sine function. In the Figures 2 , 3 , 4 Pages 120 only show one period of the sine function. Figure 30 The 510 grid is a hexagon and not a 512 square.

[0213] A 500-unit paving stone pattern can form a so-called production layer. This layer can be arranged on a pallet. Furthermore, 100 paving stones within a production layer can be processed together and / or laid together by machine. The production layer can contain different or identical 100 paving stones, provided the stones have the same outline 112. The 100 paving stones within the production layer can also be laid independently of one another.

[0214] The following describes some exemplary laying stone patterns 500.

[0215] The in Figure 4The depicted laying stone pattern 500 has four rows with four laying stones 100 each.

[0216] The Figure 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 show a laying stone bond 500 with two rows of three laying stones each 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106.

[0217] The Figure 22 , 24 , 28 show a laying stone bond 500 with three rows of four laying stones each 100, 101, 102, 103, 104.

[0218] The Figure 27 shows a laying stone pattern 500 with three rows of five laying stones each: 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105.

[0219] The 500 paving stone patterns can also contain more or fewer 100 paving stones. Furthermore, the dimensions of the 500 paving stone patterns can be adapted to the area to be paved.

[0220] The paving stones 100 of the illustrated paving stone patterns 500 can be laid in a 500 pattern. The 500 paving stones can be laid side by side, staggered, rotated 180°, or, if sufficient space is available, rotated 90° or 270° relative to each other. Herringbone patterns or other common laying patterns can also be created with these patterns.

[0221] As from the Figures 2 , 3 , 4 , 15 , 17 , 22 , 24 , 27 , 28As can be further seen, a first side 121 of a paving stone 100 can interlock with a third side 123 of an adjacent paving stone 100 rotated by 0° or in its original position, and a second side 122 of a paving stone 100 can interlock with a fourth side 124 of an adjacent paving stone 100 rotated by 0° or in its original position. Furthermore, the paving stones 100 shown can be rotated in place about the vertical axis z at the center point P by 90°, 180°, 270°, or 360°, so that a first side 121 of a paving stone 100 can also interlock with a first side 121, a second side 122, a third side 123, or a fourth side 124 of an adjacent paving stone 100. This means that the base area 110 is rotationally symmetric about 90°, 180°, 270° and 360° at the center P.

[0222] The depicted paving stone patterns 500 feature paving stones 100 which are arranged rotated 90° and / or 180° and / or 270° and / or 360° around a vertical axis z relative to each other. Since the contour element patterns 200 exhibit rotational symmetry, the rotated paving stones 100 have a different visual appearance.

[0223] As from the Figures 29 and 30As can be further seen, in the illustrated embodiment of the paving stone bond 500, a first side 121 of a paving stone 100 can interlock with a fourth side 124 of an adjacent paving stone 100 that is rotated by 0° or is in its original position. A second side 122 of a paving stone 100 can interlock with a fifth side 125 of an adjacent paving stone 100 that is rotated by 0° or is in its original position. A third side 123 of a paving stone 100 can interlock with a sixth side 126 of an adjacent paving stone 100 that is rotated by 0° or is in its original position. Additionally, the adjacent laying stone can be rotated by 60°, 120°, 180°, 240°, or 300°, so that the first side 121 can also interlock with a second side 122, with a fourth side 124, with a fifth side 125 and a sixth side 126 of an adjacent laying stone 100.This means that the base area 110 is rotationally symmetric about 60°, 120°, 180°, 240°, 300° and 360° at the center P.

[0224] As from the Figures 2 , 3 , 5 to 7 , 18 , 21 , 23 , 26 As can be seen further, each side 120, 121, 122, 123, 124 of the outline 112 of the base 110 is touched by at least two contour element outlines 152. This is also evident in the Figures 29 and 30 The illustrated embodiment is possible.

[0225] The top surfaces 169 of the fastening elements 160 and the top surface of a base element not shown are arranged below the contour element top surfaces 157 of the contour elements 150, so that the fastening elements 160 and the base element can be covered by jointing material.

[0226] For example, the distance between the visible surface 108, or between the contour element tops 157 of the contour elements 150 and the tops 169 of the fastening elements 160, can be 25 mm. With contour elements 150 that are 70 mm deep, the fastening elements 160 would be 45 mm deep. Other distances and dimensions are also conceivable.

[0227] For example, the distance between the visible surface 108 or between the contour element tops 157 of the contour elements 150 and the top of the base element can be 25 mm. The contour elements 150 projecting from the top of the base element can be 25 mm deep.

[0228] The contour elements 150 of the exemplary embodiments can only be contours and / or surfaces of a stone or paving stone. Depth is only required insofar as joints 210 can be formed between the contour elements 150.

[0229] In the illustrated embodiments, at least 75% of the base area 110 is filled or covered with contour elements 150. This creates the visual impression of a densely covered surface. Furthermore, interlocking the paving stones 100 according to the invention without a base element is facilitated if they have several contour elements 150. Additionally, the joints between the paving stones 100 can be better concealed if there are many contour elements 150 and thus many joints 210 between the contour elements 150.

[0230] It is conceivable to have laying stone arrangements 500, which merely represent an embodiment of the laying stones 100 according to the invention.

[0231] Furthermore, a paving stone arrangement 500 is conceivable in which the paving stones 100 according to the invention are always arranged and aligned in the same way. The paving stone arrangement 500 can also include paving stones 100 with a base element whose cross-section forms the base surface 110 with the outline 112, but which does not have any contour elements 150 on its upper surface.

[0232] As from Figure 10 and 11 As can be further seen, the contour elements 150 of the depicted paving stones 100 are three-dimensional. The depicted contour elements 150 are designed as paving stones with two end faces and connecting outer surfaces 158. At least one of the end faces of the paving stones forms an area of ​​a visible surface 108 of the paving stone 100.

[0233] As from the Figures 10 to 11As can be further seen, the six depicted paving stones 100 each have four imaginary side surfaces, with at least one of the contour elements 150 arranged at the edge being adjacent to at least one of the side surfaces and having at least one spacer 170. The spacer 170 forms a section of the side surface. The spacers 170 of adjacent paving stones 100 lie against each other in the intended state. This facilitates the laying and transport of the paving stones 100, as the paving stones 100 can rest against each other at the spacers 170. Reference sign

[0234] 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106 Paving stone 108 Visible surface 109 Partial stone 110 Base area 112 Outline 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126 Side 131 Connecting side 132 Lower step 134 Upper step 135 Amplitude 136 Concave deflection 138 Convex deflection 139 Inflection point 140 Corners 150 Contour element 152 Outline 154 Connection area 156 Overlap area 157 Top of contour element 158 ​​Shell surface 160, 162, 164, 166 fastening element 168 polygonal element 169 top 170 spacer 200 contour element bond 210 joint 500Paving stone bond 510Laying grid 512Square ZVertral axis X, YHorizontal axis

Claims

1. Paving stone (100), in particular for creating an earth covering, with an imaginary base (110) and with several contour elements (150) arranged within the imaginary base (110), wherein an outline (112) of the base (110) forms an envelope for the contour elements (150), wherein the outline (112) comprises at least four sides (120) of equal length which have the same course based on a predetermined periodic function, wherein the sides (120) of the base (110) meet at corners (140) of the base (110) and these corners (140) form corners (140) of a square (512) or a geometric body with more than four sides (120) of equal length, wherein the distance between opposite corners (140) of the square (512) or of the geometric body with more than four sides (120) of equal length is a complete period or a multiple thereof. corresponds to the complete period of the function of the course.

2. Paving stone according to claim 1, wherein the periodic function underlying the profile is a sine function or a rectangular function, wherein the periodic function has two alternating sections (132, 134, 136, 138) within one period, wherein a first section (132, 136), which is in particular designed as a concave deflection (136) or as a lower step (132), is closer to a center point (P) than a second section (134, 138), which is in particular designed as a convex deflection (136) or as an upper step (134).

3. Paving stone according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein in corners (140) of the base (110) inflection points (139) of opposing deflections (132, 134, 136, 138) meet and / or wherein the base (110) is rotationally symmetric about 90°, 180°, 270° and 360° at the center (P) and / or wherein opposite sides (120) of the outline (112) of the base (110) run parallel to each other.

4. Laying stone according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the laying stone (100) is formed from two partial stones (109), wherein the course of a connecting side (131) between the partial stones (109) is also based on the specified periodic function.

5. Paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the contour elements (150) form a contour element bond (200) with joints (210) between adjacent contour elements (150), in particular on a visible surface (108) of the paving stone (100).

6. Paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, wherein contour elements (150) arranged at the edge have an outline (152) which at least partially touches the outline (160) of the imaginary base surface (110).

7. Paving stone according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the contour elements (150) are designed as paving stones with two end faces and lateral surfaces (158) connecting the end faces, wherein at least one of the end faces of the paving stones forms a contour element upper surface (157) which forms an area of ​​a visible surface (108) of the paving stone (100), and / or wherein the paving stone (100) comprises at least four imaginary side surfaces, each extending along one of the sides (120) of the outline (112), wherein at least one of the contour elements (150) arranged at the edge is arranged adjacent to at least one of the imaginary side surfaces and has at least one lateral surface (158) and / or a lateral surface (158) with a spacer (170), wherein the lateral surface (158) and / or the spacer forms a section of the side surface.in particular wherein the spacers (170) and / or outer surfaces (158) of adjacent paving stones (100) are in contact with each other at least section by section in the intended state.

8. Paving stone according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the contour elements (150), in particular designed as paving stones, have an outline (152) which has a geometric shape with straight sides, wherein the outline (152) forms the circumferential outer contour of the visible contour top surface (157) of the respective contour element (150) visible from above.

9. Paving stone according to claim 8, wherein the contour elements (150), in particular designed as paving stones, arranged within the base area (110) have an outline (152) enclosing a square or a rectangle, wherein the outer sections of the outlines (152) of the contour elements (150) form the outline (112) of the base area (110), in particular wherein the sides (120) of the outline (112) of the base area (110) are based on the rectangular function.

10. Paving stone according to one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the contour elements (150), in particular designed as paving stones, each have an outline (152) which has a number of bulges, each of which is intersected by an imaginary secant, wherein the outline (152) of the contour elements (150) is the circumferential outer contour of the respective contour element (150) visible from above, in particular wherein the secants are of equal length and / or of different lengths.

11. Paving stone according to one of claims 5 to 10, wherein at least one fastening element (160) connects at least two contour elements (150), in particular designed as paving stones, in particular wherein the at least one fastening element (160) is designed as a net-like structure and / or as a polygonal element (168).

12. Paving stone according to claim 11, wherein adjacent contour elements (150), in particular designed as paving stones, have a distance from each other and are connected to each other by a polygonal element (168) bridging this distance, in particular a web (162), in particular wherein at least one upper surface (169) of the polygonal element (168) is arranged spaced apart in the vertical direction of the paving stone (100) from a contour element upper surface (157), so that at least one step is formed between the upper surface (169) of the polygonal element (168) and the contour element upper surface (157).

13. Paving stone according to one of claims 5 to 12, wherein adjacent contour elements (150), in particular designed as paving stones, are connected to each other via adjacent connecting areas (154) on corresponding opposite side surfaces of the lateral surface (158), and / or wherein adjacent contour elements (150), in particular designed as paving stones, are arranged overlapping to each other and are connected to each other at overlapping areas (156).

14. Paving stone arrangement (500) with a plurality of paving stones (100), wherein several paving stones (100) are designed according to one of the preceding claims, in particular wherein the paving stones (100) can be laid in a square laying grid (510).

15. Paving stone arrangement according to claim 14, wherein the paving stones (100) are arranged in their initial position and / or rotated 90° and / or 180° and / or 270° about a vertical axis (z) relative to each other.

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