Roofing device and insulating and draining construction panel

Abstract

Roofing device and insulating and draining construction panel The invention relates to a roofing device (10) incorporating a protective and draining layer (14) comprising, on the one hand, construction panels (1) each of which has a plate-shaped body (1'), this body (1') incorporating liquid drainage means on the surface, on the underside and / or through it, and on the other hand, a layer (1'') of porous material, arranged on the plate-shaped bodies (1'), permeable to liquids and constituting a barrier, at least substantially continuous, to the passage of insects, in particular those of the size of tiger mosquitoes, this at the upper faces (2) of said plate-shaped bodies (1') and at the lateral joint zones (6). Figure to be published with the abstract: Fig. 1

Description

Title of the invention: Roofing device and insulating and draining construction panel

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of construction, more particularly to construction panels used for the production of flat-structured roofs, such as terrace roofs, in particular those coated with a continuous and impermeable waterproofing complex.

[0002] The invention particularly relates to an insulating construction panel with draining properties, as well as a roofing device comprising a layer formed from such panels.

[0003] As is known, buildings with flat roofs, known as "terrace roofs", whether accessible or not, are covered with a continuous and impermeable waterproofing membrane or complex allowing the buildings to be waterproof against liquids.

[0004] However, a lack of flatness in the roof terrace leads to the formation of areas of stagnant liquid, or "puddles", which is conducive to the growth of insect species considered "harmful" to humans.

[0005] Among these species, we will notably mention the "tiger mosquito" (genus Aedes, subgenus Aedes or Stegomyia, species albopictus), whose increased development, in particular in regions with a temperate climate, is not desired, in particular to avoid the risk of bites and the transmission of diseases.

[0006] Indeed, to reproduce, the female tiger mosquito lays her eggs on solid surfaces located a few millimeters above existing stagnant water. These eggs can then survive several months of absence of water. However, as soon as the solid laying surface is transformed into a sheet of stagnant water, for example following a meteorological phenomenon such as rain, snow, etc., the larval development of the tiger mosquito begins. Indeed, tiger mosquito larvae only require one (1) cm of stagnant water for 5 days to develop.

[0007] Thus, following a rainy episode, a flat roof, in particular a terrace roof, presenting irregularities or defects in flatness generates the appearance of humid zones, such as puddles or sheets of stagnant water, which are accessible to tiger mosquitoes and sufficient to allow their increased proliferation, in particular the development of larvae.

[0008] In order to limit, or even avoid, the growth of tiger mosquitoes, following the appearance of damp areas on flat roofs covered with an existing waterproofing complex, there is a strong demand, or even a regulatory obligation. in some countries, to find a solution to eliminate the possibility of stagnant water forming on this type of roof and / or to prevent these insects from accessing it.

[0009] The main objective of the invention is to limit as much as possible, or even completely prevent, the stagnation of liquid at the level of a flat roof covered with an existing waterproofing complex, and simultaneously to prevent the access of harmful insects, such as the tiger mosquito, to this surface conducive to stagnation, while allowing said existing waterproofing complex to be preserved. In addition, the proposed solution should not significantly weigh down the roof, advantageously provide an additional beneficial function (for example additional insulation), and also preferably be able to support a sufficient load to make said covered surface accessible (compatibility with the installation of a system of the slabs on pads type). Finally, said solution should make it possible to compensate for local unevenness and flatness defects and provide a flat upper face.

[0010] To meet at least the main demands set out above, the present invention has as its first object a substantially flat and horizontal or low-sloped roof device, in particular an accessible terrace roof device, comprising at least one surface support, integrating or equipped with means for evacuating liquids, and a sealing layer or complex completely covering said support, being attached directly or not to the latter,

[0011] roofing device characterized in that said waterproofing complex is covered by a protective and draining layer comprising building panels arranged side by side, each of which comprises or consists of a plate-shaped body, preferably rectangular, with lateral edges and formed of at least one self-supporting layer of material, with compressive strength properties, preferably of essentially hollow or cellular constitution,

[0012] in that each body structurally integrates: i) at least one means for draining liquid towards at least one of the lateral edges, which means is present on at least the upper face of said body and, optionally, also on the lower face, and / or, at least one means for draining liquid through the thickness of said body and ii) at least one means for draining liquid towards at least one of the lateral edges, which is present on at least the lower face, and,

[0013] in that said protective layer with draining properties also comprises a layer of porous material, arranged on the plate-shaped bodies, permeable to liquids and constituting a barrier, at least substantially continuous, to the passage of insects, in particular those of the size of tiger mosquitoes or larger, at the level of the upper faces of said plate-shaped bodies and at the level of the lateral joint zones resulting from the bringing together or contacting of the lateral edges between neighboring bodies.

[0014] The aforementioned aim is also achieved by the invention thanks to a construction panel having the characteristics mentioned above, and which can be implemented in a roofing device as mentioned.

[0015] The invention will be better understood from the following description, which relates to preferred embodiments, given as non-limiting examples, and explained with reference to the appended schematic drawings, in which:

[0016] [Fig-1] is a partial schematic and sectional view of a roofing device accessible terrace incorporating a protective layer and with draining properties according to a first embodiment of the invention;

[0017] [Fig.2] is a partial schematic and sectional view of a protective layer and draining properties according to a first embodiment of the invention, which can be part of a device as shown [Fig.l];

[0018] [Fig.3] is a partial schematic and sectional view of a roofing device accessible terrace similar to that of [Fig.l], but incorporating a protective layer and with draining properties according to a second embodiment of the invention;

[0019] [Fig.4] is a perspective view from above of a panel body according to a first embodiment of the invention, which may be part of the protective layer with draining properties shown in any one of figures 1 to 3, this body comprising a network of grooves on the upper face and on the lower face, said grooves being parallel to each other and to one of the lateral edges of said body;

[0020] [Fig.5] is a partial top view of a panel body according to another embodiment of the invention, comprising on the upper face two networks of superimposed parallel grooves forming a set of intersecting and obliquely oriented grooves, producing a diamond grid pattern;

[0021] [Fig.6] is a partial top view of a panel body according to a third embodiment of the invention, comprising on the upper face two networks of superimposed parallel grooves forming a set of intersecting grooves oriented perpendicularly, producing a square grid pattern;

[0022] [Fig.7] is a perspective view from above of the panel body of [Fig.6], comprising on the lower face a network of unidirectional grooves parallel to one of the lateral edges;

[0023] [Fig.8] is a perspective view of a composite building panel prefabricated according to another embodiment of the invention, this panel comprising a body according to [Fig.4] and an added side of porous material, extending over two adjacent or contiguous edges of the body;

[0024] [Fig.9] is a partial sectional view (along a plane perpendicular to the grooves) and at another scale of the panel of [Fig.8];

[0025] [Fig. 10] is a perspective view of a prefabricated composite construction panel according to another embodiment of the invention, this panel comprising a body according to Figures 6 and 7 and an added side of porous material, projecting over two adjacent or contiguous edges of the body;

[0026] [Fig. 11] is a partial detailed and sectional view of the lateral joint zone between two abutting panels (of the type shown in Figures 8 and 9), illustrating an alternative embodiment of the invention implementing covering means;

[0027] [Fig. 12] is a detailed and sectional view of the lateral joint area similar to that of [Fig. 11], illustrating another variant embodiment of the panel bodies comprising, in addition to surface drainage means in the form of grooves on the upper and lower faces, also through drainage means in the form of channels or through holes,

[0028] [Fig. 13] is a detail and sectional view, similar to those of Figures 11 and 12, of the lateral joint area between two abutting panels, illustrating another alternative embodiment of the invention implementing cooperating engagement means, and,

[0029] [Fig. 14] is a detail and sectional view, similar to those of Figures 11 to 13, of the lateral joint area between two abutting panels, illustrating a fourth alternative embodiment of the invention, one of the panels incorporating covering means similar to those of Figures 11 and 12, and the body of the other panel comprising spacing means.

[0030] As visible by way of non-limiting examples in Figures 1 and 3, the present invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a roof device (10) which is substantially flat and horizontal or has a low slope, in particular an accessible terrace roof device, comprising at least one surface support (11), integrating or equipped with means (12) for evacuating liquids, and a sealing layer or complex (13) completely covering said support (11) while being attached directly or indirectly to the latter.

[0031] The surface support (11) may consist, for example, of a concrete roof slab or a wooden or metal roof floor.

[0032] According to a particular non-limiting embodiment, the means (12) for evacuating liquids consist, for example, of gutters, siphons or the like connected to pipes of the gutter or offset overflow type, for evacuating liquids, in particular rainwater, outside the roof structure.

[0033] Preferably, the sealing complex (13) consists, for example, of a continuous, waterproof sealing membrane.

[0034] According to the invention, it is provided that:

[0035] - said sealing complex (13) is covered by a protective layer and draining properties (14) comprising construction panels (1) arranged side by side, each of which comprises or consists of a body (T) in the form of a plate, preferably rectangular, with lateral edges (3, 3') and formed of at least one layer of material, self-supporting, with compressive strength properties, preferably of essentially hollow or cellular constitution,

[0036] - each body (1') structurally integrates: i) at least one means (4, 4') of drainage of liquid towards at least one of the lateral edges (3, 3'), which means (4, 4') is present on at least the upper face (2) of said body (T) and, optionally, also on the lower face (2), and / or, at least one means (7) of drainage of liquid through the thickness of said body (1') and ii) at least one means of drainage (4, 4') of liquid towards at least one of the lateral edges (3, 3'), which is present on at least the lower face (2'), and,

[0037] - said protective and draining layer (14) also comprises a layer (1”) of porous material, arranged on the plate-shaped bodies (1'), permeable to liquids and constituting a barrier, at least substantially continuous, to the passage of insects, in particular those of the size of tiger mosquitoes or larger, at the level of the upper faces (2) of said plate-shaped bodies (1') and at the level of the lateral joint zones (6) resulting from the bringing together or contact of the lateral edges (3, 3') between neighboring bodies (1').

[0038] Thanks to this combination of specific provisions, the invention makes it possible to meet the main demands expressed in the introduction and provides a solution making it possible to avoid the development of the tiger mosquito, on the one hand, by promoting the evacuation of water (and therefore the elimination of wet zones) and, on the other hand, by making it difficult, or even preventing, access for tiger mosquitoes to the area located above the seal (area conducive to laying eggs and the development of a new generation of mosquitoes) and also by making it difficult, or even preventing, exit from this area for any representatives of a new generation.

[0039] Thus, the roofing device (10) simultaneously ensures effective drainage of liquids outside the roof, avoids the formation of points of stagnant liquid conducive to larval proliferation and the development of mosquitoes, in particular tiger mosquitoes, and prevents the latter from accessing under the layer (14), and also, if necessary, keeps them trapped under this layer.

[0040] In the context of the present invention, the term "flat roof" does not require that the roof be perfectly flat, it can be "substantially flat" with a slight inclination relative to a horizontal position substantially parallel to the ground.

[0041] The term "self-supporting layer of material", which forms the bodies (1'), means a layer which retains structural stability, rigidity and mechanical resistance properties, under the effect of gravity but also of external constraints, in particular of the rain type, even on a non-flat support. The layer self-supporting material advantageously presents no notable risk of disintegration or brittleness in the face of external constraints.

[0042] Advantageously, in order to retain its draining functions and its structural constitution, said self-supporting layer will have compression resistance properties and will preferably be of cellular constitution to also have properties of lightness and thermal insulation.

[0043] Preferably, said self-supporting layer is of a substantially incompressible nature under its conditions of implementation within the framework of the invention, so as to be able to support the weight and pressure of liquids, for example in times of heavy rain, or even the weight of human subjects in the case of an accessible roof terrace.

[0044] In order to limit the quantities of materials and to have a structure that is both rigid and light, the material constituting the body (1') is advantageously of cellular construction, with advantageously a density of at least 12 kg / m3' and preferably between 25 and 45 kg / m3, in application of standard EN 1602.

[0045] For an application in the case of an accessible roof terrace, said self-supporting layer of the bodies (1') advantageously has a compressive strength at 10% deformation (CS (10 / Y)) greater than or equal to 80 kPa, and preferably between 150 and 350 kPa, in application of the EN826 standard, and preferably a density of at least 12 kg / m3, in application of the EN1602 standard.

[0046] For an application in the case of an inaccessible roof, that is to say, if necessary, simply topped with a ballast material, said self-supporting layer will advantageously have a compressive strength at 10% deformation (CS (10 / Y)) greater than or equal to 40 kPa in application of standard EN826, and preferably a density of at least 12 kg / m3 in application of standard EN 1602.

[0047] Advantageously, said porous barrier layer (1”) does not form a significant obstacle to the passage of liquids from above the top of the layer (14) to below (liquids whose circulation and evacuation is facilitated via the draining means 4, 4' and, where appropriate, the through-draining means 7), while simultaneously preventing the passage of insects, in particular tiger mosquitoes, from above to below, and vice versa.

[0048] The porous barrier layer (1”) therefore makes it possible to prevent larval proliferation of insects, in particular tiger mosquitoes, at the level of the lateral joint zones (6) or at the level of the lower face (2') of the panel bodies (1').

[0049] Even if, by chance, a laying egg were to pass through the porous barrier layer (1”) and the protective and draining layer (14), particularly at the lateral joint zones (6), then develop into an insect after the phase larval, this insect would be physically trapped under the porous barrier layer (1”) without the possibility of escaping from under the protective and draining layer (14) and therefore of surviving. The solution proposed by the invention is therefore a long-term solution to limit the development and proliferation of insects, in particular tiger mosquitoes, especially in the context of flat roofs.

[0050] In accordance with a first embodiment of the invention, emerging from figures 1 and 2, the layer of porous material (1”) is made up of continuous strips of porous materials covering, with a parallel arrangement of said strips and with partial lateral overlap between two neighboring strips, the upper faces (2) of the bodies of the panels.

[0051] In this case, the panel bodies (1') and the strips of porous material are delivered separately to the site to be built and the operator first installs said bodies (1') on the sealing complex (13) so as to form a first layer, then unrolls and positions the strips of porous material, to constitute a continuous layer of porous material (1”) with lateral overlap between strips.

[0052] In accordance with a second embodiment of the invention, emerging from [Fig. 3] and partially from figures 8 to 14, the layer of porous material (1”) is made up of flanks (8) of porous material covering the upper faces (2) of the bodies of the panels, these flanks (8) partially overlapping at the level of strip-shaped zones extending along lateral sides of said flanks (8). Of course, the overlap between flanks (8) is carried out so as to constitute a continuous layer of porous material (1”) with lateral overlap between flanks.

[0053] Advantageously, in accordance with this second embodiment, it may be provided that each flank (8) of porous material is associated with a body (1') in the form of a plate, being where appropriate secured to the upper face (2) of the latter to form a prefabricated composite construction panel (1), said flank (8) projecting laterally from said body (1') on two contiguous lateral edges (3 and 3'), to form cantilevered lateral strips (51), of sufficient width to ensure the continuity of the layer of porous material (1”) at the level of the lateral joint zones (6), between bodies (1') of neighboring panels (1) abutting in the protective layer and with draining properties (14). Preferably, these strips (51) have a width adapted to extend over the flank (8) of the neighboring panel (1) with sufficient overlap to secure the closure of the joint zones with the porous material.

[0054] According to a preferred embodiment of the panel 1, in particular for use on a flat roof, the self-supporting layer forming each body (1') consists of a layer of thermally insulating cellular material, preferably hydrophobic, such as EPS or XPS.

[0055] According to the invention, the term "thermally insulating material" means a material allowing thermal insulation, preferably which has a coefficient X of thermal conductivity, declared at 10°C, less than 60 mW / m / K (milliwatt per meter-Kelvin) measured according to standard EN12667.

[0056] Preferably, the self-supporting layer of insulating material is hydrophobic and may correspond to any material known to those skilled in the art, in particular for roofing applications, which has both thermal insulation and structural resistance, even in the presence of water and humidity.

[0057] According to a preferred embodiment, to meet the self-supporting hydrophobic insulating properties of the layer, polystyrene, preferably cellular polystyrene, such as for example expanded polystyrene known as “EPS” or extruded polystyrene known as “XPS”, will be chosen as the material for the body (1').

[0058] According to another advantageous embodiment, the total thickness of the panel body (1') is greater than or equal to 10 mm, preferably between 20 and 45 mm.

[0059] A body (1') having a constitution as mentioned above also makes it possible to compensate for the flatness defects of the support on which it rests and to absorb the small local inequalities and thus to provide a flat upper surface.

[0060] For reasons of simplicity of handling, cost price, lightness, ease of implementation and effectiveness as a barrier to the passage of insects, in particular tiger mosquitoes, the porous material forming said porous barrier layer (1”), permeable to liquids and constituting a barrier to the passage of insects of the tiger mosquito type, is a flexible material of the grid, netting, non-woven, felt or geotextile type, which advantageously has an average pore opening with a diameter of less than 250 μm, preferably between 80 μm and 150 μm, so as to prevent the passage of insects, in particular tiger mosquitoes, while being sufficiently permeable to the passage of water (suitable for allowing effective evacuation of rainwater, in particular in the event of a storm).

[0061] Preferably, said water-permeable porous material is a non-woven material of synthetic fibers bonded by needle punching and heat-sealed, the pore size of which does not allow the passage of insects, in particular of the tiger mosquito type.

[0062] According to a preferred embodiment, said porous barrier layer (1”) consists for example of geotextile or felt.

[0063] Advantageously, said porous material has a weight greater than or equal to 50 g / m2; preferably a weight between 100 and 200 g / m2, in order to maintain sufficient structural cohesion and be able to form a barrier of sufficient resistance for the desired purpose.

[0064] As illustrated in Figures 1 to 14, for each panel body (1'), said or each means (4, 4') for draining liquid towards at least one of the side edges (3, 3') comprises a set of grooves (4, 4'). This type of drainage means promotes, depending on the face on which it is located, directing the liquids towards the side edge(s) concerned for evacuation at the level of the side joint zones (6) or for evacuation from below the body (1') concerned.

[0065] Advantageously, and according to a preferred embodiment, easy to manufacture and machine, the grooves (4, 4') are profiled rectilinear grooves with a constant section, preferably with a square, triangular or round section.

[0066] Preferably, the grooves (4, 4') are parallel monodirectional grooves, as seen in [Fig.4], or intersecting bidirectional grooves, as seen in Figures 5 to 7, each groove connecting two different contiguous or opposite lateral edges (3, 3').

[0067] The aforementioned grooves form drainage channels facilitating and directing the evacuation of liquids, in particular water outside the limits of the body (1'). The evacuation, through the grooves 4, takes place in particular at the level of the upper face (2) of the body (1') and thus avoids water stagnation conducive to larval proliferation and the growth of insects including tiger mosquitoes.

[0068] According to a preferred embodiment, visible in figures 1 to 14, each body (1') incorporates grooves (4) on its upper face (2) and grooves (4') on its lower face (2'), so as to create liquid drainage channels on both the upper face (2) and the lower face (2') of the body (1'), preventing water stagnation and limiting larval proliferation at the level of each of the two faces (2 and 2') of the body (1'), therefore above and below the panel 1.

[0069] According to a preferred embodiment, the grooves (4, 4') form at least one network of grooves parallel to each other and to one of the lateral edges (3, 3') of the body (1'), advantageously the longest edge (3) and where appropriate with a similar orientation, or not, for the grooves (4) of the upper face (2) and the grooves (4') of the lower face (2').

[0070] In this configuration, the grooves (4, 4') drain the liquids towards one of the lateral edges (3, 3') of the body (1') and therefore of the panel 1, in order to be able to easily eliminate them from a single location of said body and panel.

[0071] According to a preferred embodiment of the panel body (1'), each face (2 or 2') has between 10 and 60 grooves per meter, so as to allow sufficient drainage of liquids at the level of the face concerned (avoiding uncontrolled overflow), by creating open channels on the upper face (2) and closed channels at the level of the lower face (the body 1' resting on a support when the panel is installed on site).

[0072] For the purposes of the invention, a network of grooves (4, 4') is formed by a set of several grooves (4 or 4') parallel to each other and belonging to the same face (2 or 2') of the body (1') concerned.

[0073] As visible in Figures 4, 8 and 9, the grooves (4, 4') of each set (upper or lower) can be unidirectional and parallel to each other and together form a network of unidirectional grooves parallel to the edges (3) - for example the longest - of the rectangular body (1') concerned. This network of grooves (4, 4') then makes it possible to evacuate the liquids towards the edge(s) (3') - here the shortest, possibly depending on the slope - and outside the limits of the body (1'), and therefore of the corresponding panel (1).

[0074] Advantageously, a network of parallel monodirectional grooves makes it possible to concentrate and recover liquids easily on a single lateral edge of the body (1') and is sized to be able to carry out controlled evacuation even in the event of a storm.

[0075] According to another embodiment of the invention, illustrated in Figures 5 to 7 and 10, the grooves (4, 4') of the same face (2, 2') comprise at least two superimposed networks of grooves parallel to each other, the grooves (4, 4') of the two networks being mutually intersecting so as to form a grid pattern on one and / or the other of the upper and lower faces (2, 2'), with intersections between the grooves (4, 4') of the two superimposed networks, either at right angles to form a straight grid pattern, or at acute or obtuse angles to form a diamond pattern, the grooves (4, 4') of at least one of the two networks nested between them being optionally parallel to one of the lateral edges (3, 3').

[0076] In these constructive variants with an upper and / or lower set of grooves having a configuration with two superimposed networks of grooves, the flow of liquids is advantageously carried out simultaneously in two different directions and towards at least two contiguous or opposite edges (3 and 3'). For a given quantity of liquid arriving on the body (1'), distributing the flow of liquids in two different directions increases the drainage speed of the liquids outside the panel 1. This embodiment also makes it possible to avoid a direction of installation imposed by a slight slope of the roof, and therefore to optimize and facilitate the installation of the panels.

[0077] As visible in the aforementioned figures, the grooves (4, 4') define two superimposed networks of grooves parallel to each other, the grooves (4, 4') of the first network being intersecting with the grooves (4, 4') of the second network so as to form a grid pattern of intersecting bidirectional grooves. This grid pattern makes it possible to evacuate the liquids outside the surface of the body (1') concerned on at least two adjacent or opposite lateral edges (3, 3').

[0078] Thus, a pattern of intersecting bidirectional grooves (4, 4') on one face (2, 2') increases the number of lateral edges (3, 3') intended for the evacuation of liquids. Thus, in the event of a large quantity of liquid present on the upper face of the layer (14), a pattern of intersecting bidirectional grooves (4, 4') will have a greater drainage speed of the liquids outside the bodies (1') than a pattern of unidirectional grooves (4, 4').

[0079] It may be provided that the grooves (4, 4') of at least one of the two nested networks can be parallel to one of the lateral edges (3, 3'), so as to facilitate the adjacent installation of several panels 1 on the same support without worrying about the orientation of the panel bodies (1').

[0080] Indeed, when juxtaposing several bodies (1') or panels (1) on a dedicated support, a pattern of intersecting bidirectional grooves (4, 4'), in the form of two superimposed networks on the same face (2, 2'), does not require worrying about the angle of orientation of installation of said bodies or panels: indeed, all the installation orientations of a panel body with a pattern of bidirectional grooves (4, 4') allow continuity of the liquid drainage channels.

[0081] Advantageously, networks of grooves (4, 4'), molded from the body (1') or machined in the latter, are present at least on the upper face (2), preferably on the upper face (2) and on the lower face (2'), presenting network patterns, orientations and groove dimensions that are similar or not.

[0082] According to another embodiment visible in Figures 5 and 12, in order to further increase the liquid drainage capacities, in particular the liquid drainage speed and the drained volume quantities, and possibly to avoid drainage of the liquid on the surface towards one of the lateral edges, each body (1') can structurally integrate at least one means of liquid drainage passing through (7) the thickness of said body (1'), this alternatively or in association with at least one means of drainage (4, 4') of liquid towards at least one of the lateral edges (3, 3'), which is present on the lower face (2'), at least or exclusively.

[0083] Preferably, said drainage means (7) passing through the thickness of the body (1') concerned is in the form of a plurality of holes or rectilinear channels (71) passing through the thickness of said self-supporting layer forming the body (1') by connecting the upper face (2) and the lower face (2'), these channels preferentially opening at the bottoms of the grooves (4, 4') of the face concerned (2, 2') when the latter are present.

[0084] The through holes (71) have the effect of increasing the drainage capacities of liquids outside the upper face (2) of the body (1'), as an alternative to replacing or adding liquid evacuation towards the side edges by the drainage means (4) on the surface. The circulation of liquids then takes place both through the thickness of the body (1') and at the level of the lower face (2') by the grooves (4'), and possibly additionally at the level of the upper face (2) by the grooves (4) when they are present.

[0085] The through holes or channels (71) preferably open at the bottom of the grooves (4, 4') so as to allow immediate drainage of the liquid arriving on the face concerned (2, 2') to increase the drainage speed of the liquid flow outside the limits of the body (1') considered.

[0086] According to one embodiment of the invention, in the body all of the holes (71) are rectilinear, perpendicular to the faces of the body (1') concerned, and of identical diameter and dimensions.

[0087] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the through channels or holes (7) are distributed over the surface of the body (1'), advantageously with a higher surface concentration in the central region of said body (1'), these holes preferably having a diameter which is greater than or equal to 5 mm, preferably between 10 and 20 mm.

[0088] A higher surface concentration of holes or channels (71) in the central region of the body (1') makes it possible to have a greater evacuation capacity through the body (1') at a distance from the lateral edges, providing a shorter evacuation path for the liquid in this region of the upper face (2). This configuration makes it possible to increase the liquid transfer rate under the body (1') and promotes its rapid evacuation.

[0089] According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the holes or channels (71) of the central region of the body (1') may have a larger diameter than the holes of the peripheral region of the body (1').

[0090] According to another possible feature of the invention, emerging for example from [Fig. 14], at least one of the lateral edges (3, 3') of the plate-shaped bodies (1'), preferably two contiguous lateral edges (3 and 3'), are provided with spacing means (9) such as, for example, protruding formations in one piece, intended to guarantee the formation of lateral joint zones (6), between adjacent bodies (1') abutting in the protective layer and with draining properties (14), having a minimum interstitial passage width.

[0091] The guarantee of a minimal gap between mutually abutting bodies (1') facilitates their regular installation, leads to the automatic formation of joint zones (6) (flow guaranteed at the edge concerned) and allows structural mechanical dynamics between several juxtaposed bodies (1') or panels (1). This arrangement also contributes to a certain flexibility and structural adaptability of the layer made up of such panels (1), promoting resistance to wear over time, so as to obtain a ventilated roof device (10) which is conducive to air circulation and the natural drying of residual moisture.

[0092] Furthermore, by ensuring a minimal gap between two adjacent bodies (1'), the spacing means (9) formed on the relevant lateral edge (pads, ribs, pins, etc.) facilitate the juxtaposition of the bodies (1') and panels (1) on a roof. The spacing means (9) allow easy and efficient alignment of the grooves (4, 4') of two adjacent bodies (1') so as to generate continuity in the flow of liquids from one panel to the other. Controlling the installation of the mutually adjacent bodies (1') and panels (1), by the spacing means (9), also makes it possible to cover the entire roof, over its entire surface, with a uniform 1” porous barrier layer, in particular when the layer (14) is formed from prefabricated construction panels (1).

[0093] Furthermore, said spacing means (9), in particular when they are continuous (profiled formations), constitute an additional physical barrier to the passage of insects, which cannot reach the lower face (2') of the body (1') potentially comprising a zone of residual humidity.

[0094] According to another embodiment variant visible in [Fig. 10], it may be provided that each plate-shaped body (1') comprises on at least one lateral edge (3, 3'), preferably on two contiguous lateral edges (3 and 3'), engagement means (5') of the profiled formation type and on the respectively opposite side(s) complementary engagement means (5”), also of the profiled formation type, the two engagement means (5' and 5") being configured to cooperate by shape conjugation when two panels (1) are joined at the edges (3 and 3') concerned, so as to constitute a barrier to the passage of insects, of the chicane type, preventing in particular the passage of tiger mosquitoes, at the lateral joint zones (6) between adjacent bodies (1') abutting in the protective layer and with draining properties (14).

[0095] Thus, said engagement means (5', 5”), for example of the male / female type and assembled by interlocking, also act as a barrier for the passage of insects through the joint zones (6), in particular the tiger mosquito. The insects cannot therefore reach the lower face (2') of the body (1') of the panel (1) to proliferate.

[0096] Furthermore, the engagement means (5', 5”) facilitate the positioning of the bodies (1') and the panels (1) which can be juxtaposed next to each other by simple mutual engagement of the complementary engagement means (5' and 5”) of the adjoining panels. Furthermore, the layer (14) gains in structural coherence.

[0097] Consequently, even in the absence of a porous barrier layer (1”) at the joint areas (6), external insect-type elements cannot reach the lower face (2') of the bodies (1'), under the layer (14): in fact the chicane-type barrier, formed by cooperation of the complementary engagement means (5' and 5”), prevents them from doing so.

[0098] In addition, the two complementary engagement means (5' and 5”) ensure assembly cohesion when joining two bodies (1') or panels (1) while allowing the circulation of air or water conducive to drainage of flows between the upper face (2) and the lower face (2') of the bodies (1').

[0099] Preferably, with the roofing device (10) of the invention, the panels (1) and the bodies (1') are arranged in such a way, to form the protective and draining layer (14), that at least the grooves (4') of the upper face (2) and / or the grooves (4) of the lower face (2'), are oriented to promote the circulation of liquid, present on the upper face (2) and / or under the lower face (2') of the body (1') concerned, towards said means (12) for evacuating the support (11), so as to evacuate the liquids outside the roofing device (10) and to avoid the formation of wet zones of stagnant liquid.

[0100] Thus, this particular assembly configuration of the bodies (1') and the panels (1) of the protective layer with draining properties (14) makes it possible to direct and concentrate the liquids near the evacuation means (12), so as to evacuate them by a flow and a movement of the flows of the liquids continuously in the grooves (4, 4') forming the drainage channels. The formation of zones of stagnant liquid, conducive to the proliferation and development of insects, is no longer possible.

[0101] Furthermore, in addition to promoting the drainage of liquids, this particular configuration facilitates assembly: it is sufficient to follow the orientation of the grooves (4, 4') to assemble the bodies (1') and the panels (1) with each other in the correct orientation.

[0102] According to an embodiment of the roofing device 10 visible in figures 1 and 3, the layer (1”) of porous material forming the upper face of the protective layer and with draining properties (14) is covered with a ballast material constituting an inaccessible surface, in particular a mineral layer of gravel type, or means (15) constituting an accessible and walkable surface, such as for example the components of a slatted floor or even a slab floor (151) on pads (152).

[0103] In the case of an inaccessible surface, the ballast material can be of the gravel type, thus forming an additional barrier to the passage of insects.

[0104] In the case of an accessible surface, users can move on the roofing device (10) easily through the means (15), without being in direct contact with the protective layer with draining properties (14). In addition, the pads can advantageously be provided with a large surface base to distribute the loads on said layer (14).

[0105] The means (15) is a first protective barrier for the draining protective layer (14) against possible degradation by users or any other possible external environmental constraints.

[0106] Advantageously, a floor with slabs (151) on pads (152) as means (15) will have the advantage of distributing the pressure forces applied to the protective layer with draining properties (14) only at the location where the pads (152) are located, which will also limit its degradation and the formation of low points which could constitute stagnation zones (which could nevertheless be dried out by providing through drainage means 7).

[0107] The invention also has as another object to meet the demands and achieve the desired goal, a construction panel (1) with a draining function, in particular for water, of the type of covering panel for flat roofs, this panel (1) comprising a body (1') in the form of a plate, preferably rectangular, with opposite upper (2) and lower (2') faces and four lateral edges (3, 3'). For the purposes of the invention, the term "construction panel with a draining function" means a panel, of the plate type, in particular a parallelepiped plate, used for the construction of buildings, buildings, houses and similar constructions, which allows the drainage and evacuation of liquids, in particular water, such as rainwater.

[0108] According to the invention and as shown by way of example in Figures 8 to 14, this panel (1) is characterized in that:

[0109] - the body (1') is formed from at least one layer of material, self-supporting, with compressive strength properties, preferably of essentially hollow or cellular construction,

[0110] - said body (1') structurally integrates i) at least one drainage means (4, 4') of liquid towards at least one of the side edges (3, 3'), which means (4, 4') is present on at least the upper face (2) of said body (1') and, optionally, also on the lower face (2), and / or, ii) at least one means (7) for draining liquid through the thickness of said body (1') and at least one means (4, 4') for draining liquid towards at least one of the side edges (3, 3'), which is present on at least the lower face (2'),

[0111] - said body (1') comprises, along at least two contiguous lateral edges or consecutive (3, 3'), covering means (5) and / or engagement means (5', 5”), arranged and configured to each cooperate with an adjacent similar panel (1) so as to constitute a barrier to the passage of insects, in particular of the size of tiger mosquitoes, at the level of lateral joint zones (6) formed by abutting the edges (3, 3') of the body of said panel (1) with those of the bodies of similar panels (1) with a view to constituting a protective layer with draining properties (14), and,

[0112] - said panel (1) also comprises at least one layer (1'') of material porous, permeable to liquids and constituting a barrier to the passage of insects, in particular those of the size of tiger mosquitoes, said porous layer (1”) being attached to the upper face (2) of the body (T) and covering at least the lateral drainage means (4, 4') present on the upper face (2), and where appropriate the openings (71) opening at the level of the upper face (2) of the through drainage means (7) possibly present.

[0113] Such a panel (1) is particularly suitable for constituting, by cooperation with other identical panels (1) by abutting juxtaposition, a protective layer with draining properties (14), forming a barrier against tiger mosquitoes and preventing their reproduction and proliferation, in particular in a roofing device (10) as mentioned above.

[0114] The covering means (5) and the engagement means (5', 5”) mentioned above may be present in a mutually alternative or additional manner, and have a barrier role in order to prevent the passage of external elements which may enter at the joint zones (6), and possibly block them or the drainage means (4') on the underside. In particular, the covering means (5) are configured to constitute barriers to the passage of insects, in particular tiger mosquitoes.

[0115] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, said covering means (5) consist of portions of porous filtration layer permeable to water but ensuring a role of barrier to the passage of insects or other larger elements, in particular of the type gravel, leaves, sand, etc., which may be carried along by rainwater in particular. The porous material forming these covering means (5) is advantageously of the type mentioned above in relation to the layer (1”) of porous material forming the upper face of the protective layer and with draining properties (14).

[0116] Preferably, and as shown for example in Figures 3 and 8 to 14, each covering means (5) is constituted by an extension of a flank (8) of flexible porous material covering the upper face (2) of the body (1') and forming said porous barrier layer (1"). These covering means (5) thus consist of two lateral strips (51) of the flank (8) which project laterally from the body (1') and extend along and beyond the two lateral edges (3 and 3') concerned, this with an overhang sufficient to constitute a barrier at the level of lateral joint zones (6) formed by abutting said lateral edges (3 and 3') of said panel (1) considered with side edges (3 and 3'), devoid of such covering means (5), of neighboring similar panels (1).

[0117] Thus, said covering means (5) prevent the passage of insects, in particular tiger mosquitoes, through the joint zones (6), and prevent their migration towards the lower face (2'). These covering means therefore contribute to stopping the development and larval proliferation of insects at the level of the underside of the body (1)' of the panel (1) installed on site and forming part of a layer (14).

[0118] The side (8) can be fixed to the upper face (2) of the body (1') by gluing / welding (by strip or by points) or stapling for example. Similarly, the strips of flexible porous material, forming means (5) for covering the openings in the surface of the joint zones (6) between adjacent panels (1), can possibly be fixed at the level of the neighboring abutting panels which they cover at the edge (see figures 3 and 11 to 14), by gluing, welding or stapling.

[0119] The porous material constituting the sidewall (8) advantageously has the characteristics of the porous material described previously in relation to the porous barrier layer (1”) and the body (1') of the panel (1) and those of the body (1') described above.

[0120] Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown in the attached drawings. Modifications remain possible, in particular from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical equivalents, without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. Claims A substantially flat and horizontal or low-sloped roofing device (10), in particular an accessible terrace roof device, comprising at least one surface support (11), integrating or equipped with means (12) for evacuating liquids, and a sealing layer or complex (13) completely covering said support (11), being attached directly or not to the latter, said sealing complex (13) being covered by a protective layer with draining properties (14) comprising construction panels (1) arranged side by side, each of which comprises or consists of a body (1') in the form of a plate, preferably rectangular, with lateral edges (3, 3') and formed of at least one self-supporting layer of material, with compressive strength properties, preferably of essentially hollow or cellular constitution, each body (1') structurally integrates: i) at least one means (4,4') for draining liquid towards at least one of the lateral edges (3, 3'), present on at least the upper face (2) of said body (1') and ii) at least one means (4, 4') for draining liquid towards at least one of the lateral edges (3, 3'), present on at least the lower face (2'), and, said protective and draining layer (14) also comprising a layer (1”) of porous material, arranged on the plate-shaped bodies (1') and permeable to liquids, roofing device (10) characterized in that the layer (1”) of porous material constitutes a substantially continuous barrier to the passage of insects, in particular those of the size of tiger mosquitoes or larger, at the upper faces (2) of said plate-shaped bodies (1') and at the lateral joint zones (6) resulting from the bringing together or contacting of the lateral edges (3, 3') between neighboring bodies (1'),in that the layer of porous material (1”) consists either of continuous strips of porous material covering, with a parallel arrangement of said strips and with partial lateral overlap between two neighboring strips, the upper faces (2) of the bodies of the panels, or of flanks (8) of porous material covering the upper faces (2) of the bodies of the panels, these flanks (8) are, partially overlapping at strip-shaped areas extending along lateral sides of said flanks (8) and in that the porous material forming said porous barrier layer (1”), permeable to liquids and constituting a barrier to the passage of insects of the tiger mosquito type, is a flexible material of the grid, netting, non-woven, felt or geotextile type, which has an average pore opening of diameter less than 250 pm.

2. Roofing device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that each flank (8) of porous material is associated with a body (1') in the form of a plate, being where appropriate secured to the upper face (2) of the latter to form a panel (1) of prefabricated composite construction, said flank (8) projecting laterally from said body (1') on two contiguous lateral edges (3 and 3'), to form cantilevered lateral strips (51), of sufficient width to ensure the continuity of the layer of porous material (1”) at the level of the lateral joint zones (6), between bodies (1') of neighboring panels (1) abutting in the protective layer and with draining properties (14).

3. Roofing device (10) according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the porous material forming said porous barrier layer (1”), permeable to liquids and constituting a barrier to the passage of insects of the tiger mosquito type, is a flexible material of the geotextile type, which advantageously has an average pore opening with a diameter of between 80 μm and 150 μm, so as to prevent the passage of tiger mosquitoes, while being permeable to the passage of water.

4. Roofing device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the self-supporting layer forming each body (1') consists of a layer of thermally insulating, preferably hydrophobic, cellular material, such as EPS or XPS.

5. Roofing device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, for each panel body (1'), said or each means (4, 4') for draining liquid towards at least one of the lateral edges (3, 3') comprises a set of grooves (4, 4'), advantageously profiled rectilinear grooves of constant section, preferably parallel monodirectional grooves or mutually intersecting bidirectional grooves, each groove connecting two different contiguous or opposite lateral edges (3, 3') of the body (1') concerned.

6. Roofing device (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that the grooves (4, 4') form at least one network of grooves parallel to each other and to one of the lateral edges (3, 3') of the body (1') concerned, advantageously the longest edge (3) and where appropriate with a similar orientation, or not, for the grooves (4) of the upper face (2) and the grooves (4') of the lower face (2').

7. Roofing device (10) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the grooves (4, 4') of the same face (2, 2') of a body (1') comprise at least two superimposed networks of grooves parallel to each other, the grooves (4, 4') of the two networks being mutually intersecting so as to form a grid pattern on one and / or the other of the upper and lower faces (2, 2'), with intersections between the grooves (4, 4') of the two superimposed networks, either at right angles to form a straight grid pattern, or at acute or obtuse angles to form a diamond pattern, the grooves (4, 4') of at least one of the two nested networks being possibly parallel to one of the lateral edges (3, 3').

8. Roofing device (10) according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that networks of grooves (4, 4'), molded from the body (1') or machined in the latter, are present at least on the upper face (2), preferably on the upper face (2) and on the lower face (2'), presenting similar or different network patterns, orientations and groove dimensions.

9. Roofing device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the drainage means (7) passing through the thickness of said body (1') is in the form of a plurality of rectilinear holes or channels (71) extending through the thickness of said self-supporting layer forming the body (1') by connecting the upper face (2) and the lower face (2'), these channels preferentially opening at the bottoms of the grooves (4, 4') of the relevant face (2, 2') when the grooves in question are present, and in that these through channels or holes (71) are distributed over the surface of the body (1'), advantageously with a higher surface concentration in the central region of said body (1'), these holes or channels preferably having a diameter which is greater than or equal to 5 mm, preferably between 10 and 20 mm.

10. Roofing device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one of the lateral edges (3, 3') of the plate-shaped bodies (1'), preferably two contiguous lateral edges (3 and 3'), are provided with spacing means (9) such as, for example, protruding formations in one piece, intended to ensure the formation of lateral joint zones (6), between adjacent bodies (1') abutting in the protective layer and with draining properties (14), having a minimum interstitial passage width.

11. Roofing device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that each plate-shaped body (1') comprises on at least one lateral edge (3, 3'), preferably on two contiguous lateral edges (3 and 3'), engagement means (5') of the profiled formation type and on the respectively opposite side(s) complementary engagement means (5”), also of the profiled formation type, the two engagement means (5' and 5") being configured to cooperate by shape matching when two panels (1) are joined at the edges (3 and 3') concerned, so as to constitute a barrier to the passage of insects, of the baffle type, preventing in particular the passage of tiger mosquitoes, at lateral joint zones (6) between adjacent bodies (1') abutting in the protective layer and with draining properties (14).

12. Roofing device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the panels (1) and the bodies (1') are arranged in such a way, to form the protective and draining layer (14), that at least the grooves (4') of the upper face (2) and / or the grooves (4) of the lower face (2'), are oriented to promote the circulation of liquid, present on the upper face (2) and / or under the lower face (2') of the body (1') concerned, towards said means (12) for evacuating the support (11), so as to evacuate the liquids outside the roofing device (10) and to avoid the formation of wet zones of stagnant liquid.

13. Roofing device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the layer (1”) of porous material forming the upper face of the protective layer and with draining properties (14) is covered with a ballast material constituting

14.

15. an inaccessible surface, in particular a mineral layer of gravel type, or means (15) constituting an accessible and walkable surface, such as for example the components of a slatted floor or even a slab floor (151) on pads (152). Roofing device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that each body (1') structurally integrates at least one means (7) for draining liquid through the thickness of said body (1'). Construction panel (1) with a draining function, in particular for water, of the type of covering panel for flat roofs, in particular for a roofing device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, in the case where the layer of porous material is made up of sides, said panel (1) comprising a body (1') in the form of a plate, preferably rectangular, with opposite upper (2) and lower (2') faces and four lateral edges (3, 3'), said body (1') being formed of at least one self-supporting layer of material with compressive strength properties, preferably of essentially hollow or cellular constitution, said body (1') structurally integrating i) at least one means (4, 4') for draining liquid towards at least one of the lateral edges (3, 3'), present on the upper face (2) of said body (1') and / or, ii) at least one means (7) for draining liquid through the thickness of said body (1') and at least one drainage means (4,4') of liquid towards at least one of the lateral edges (3, 3'), present on the lower face (2'), panel (1) characterized in that said body (1') comprises, along at least two contiguous or consecutive lateral edges (3, 3'), covering means (5) and / or engagement means (5', 5”), arranged and configured to cooperate each with an adjacent similar panel (1) so as to constitute a barrier to the passage of insects, in particular those of the size of tiger mosquitoes, at the level of lateral joint zones (6) formed by abutting the edges (3, 3') of the body of said panel (1) with those of the bodies of similar panels (1) in order to constitute a protective layer and with draining properties (14), in that said panel (1) also comprises at least one layer (1”) of porous material, permeable to liquids and constituting a barrier to the passage of insects, in particular those, of the size of tiger mosquitoes, said porous layer (1”) being attached to the upper face (2) of the body (T) and covering at least the lateral drainage means (4, 4') present on the upper face (2), and where appropriate the openings (71) opening at the level of the upper face (2) of the through drainage means (7) possibly present and in that the porous material forming said porous barrier layer (1”), permeable to liquids and constituting a barrier to the passage of insects of the tiger mosquito type, is a flexible material of the grid, netting, non-woven, felt or geotextile type, which has an average pore opening of diameter less than 250 pm.

16. Panel according to claim 15, characterized in that each covering means (5) is constituted by an extension of a flank (8) of flexible porous material covering the upper face (2) of the body (1') and forming said porous barrier layer (1"), these covering means thus consisting of two lateral strips (51) of the flank (8) which project laterally from the body (1') and extend along and beyond the two lateral edges (3 and 3') concerned, this with an overhang sufficient to constitute a barrier at the level of lateral joint zones (6) formed by abutting said lateral edges (3 and 3') of said panel (1) considered with lateral edges (3 and 3'), devoid of such covering means (5), of similar neighboring panels (1).

17. Panel according to any one of claims 15 and 16, characterized in that said or each means (4, 4') for draining liquid towards at least one of the lateral edges (3, 3') comprises a set of grooves (4, 4'), advantageously profiled rectilinear grooves of constant section, preferably parallel monodirectional grooves or mutually intersecting bidirectional grooves, each groove connecting two different contiguous or opposite lateral edges (3, 3') of the body (1') concerned.

18. Panel according to any one of claims 16 and 17, provided that this claim depends on claim 16, characterized in that the sidewall (8) of porous material projects laterally from the body (1') on two contiguous lateral edges (3 and 3'), to form cantilevered lateral strips (51), of sufficient width to ensure the continuity of the layer of porous material (1”) at the level of the lateral joint zones (6), between bodies (1') of neighboring panels (1) abutting in the protective layer and with draining properties (14) and in that the porous material of the side (8), permeable to liquids and constituting a barrier to the passage of insects of the tiger mosquito type, is a flexible material of the geotextile type, which has an average pore opening of diameter between 80 pm and 150 pm, so as to prevent the passage of insects, in particular tiger mosquitoes, while being permeable to the passage of water.

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