PROSTHETIC SYSTEM COMPRISING A TRANSGINGIVAL DENTAL IMPLANT

Abstract

The present invention relates to a prosthetic system comprising a transgingival dental implant (1), as well as a transscrewed dental component (2) of the abutment type, the transgingival dental implant (1) extending longitudinally (z) along a first smooth section (11) intended to be flush in the oral cavity of a patient at a first end called cervical (114), and along a second section (10) provided with a male thread, extending the first section, said threaded section defining a second end called apical (108), the implant further comprising an internal connection housing (115) opening at the first cervical end and intended to receive the fixing means (20) of the transscrewed dental component, characterized in that the transscrewed dental component (2) comprises a first end (22) configured to be inserted into the internal connection housing by form complementarity,so as to lock the angular position of the dental component relative to the implant. Figure 1,

Description

Title of the invention: PROSTHETIC SYSTEM COMPRISING A TRANSGINGIVAL DENTAL IMPLANT

[0001] The present invention relates to a transgingival dental implant, as well as a prosthetic system implementing such an implant, said prosthetic system comprising the implant, a dental component of the “abutment” type and a dental prosthesis.

[0002] Oral implantology is a surgical technique that aims to treat a dental pathology, edentulism, by replacing one or more teeth in edentulous patients by placing a dental implant. This technique therefore consists of implanting an artificial root made of biocompatible materials into the bone of the maxilla or mandible.

[0003] The etiological causes of this pathology can be diverse. The consequences of toothlessness depend on its extent depending on whether one or more teeth are missing, and can be diverse. Thus, it can result in a modification of normal physiology, a risk factor for impaired mastication, a deterioration of oral health, a higher prevalence of obesity, an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and gastrointestinal disorders, an increased risk of chronic inflammation at the gastric level, pancreatic and gastrointestinal cancers, and ulcers, an increased risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes, a decrease in health-related quality of life, an association between toothlessness and sleep-disordered breathing (such as obstructive sleep apnea). The population affected by toothlessness is very large but it particularly affects the elderly.

[0004] Implantology thus makes it possible to treat single edentulism, i.e. the loss of one tooth, multiple teeth, or the loss of several adjacent or non-adjacent teeth, or total teeth, or the loss of the entire set of teeth. The implant thus serves as a support, either for a crown, or for a partial or total bridge, or for a total removable prosthesis.

[0005] Implantology is a promising alternative to conventional treatments such as tooth-supported bridges or total or partial removable appliances, which can provide a satisfactory response to the dental pathology of edentulism in the short and medium term. Indeed, dental implants give better results and have better long-term performance.

[0006] Thus, for the treated patients, implant reconstructions showed an improvement in masticatory function, speech function but also an improvement in overall quality of life.

[0007] The fundamental characteristics of an implant system, as well as the various surgical procedures used and the characteristics of the materials used in oral implantology, will now be explained.

[0008] Thus, an implant system is a triptych of components, grouping the implant itself, the prosthetic fittings and finally ancillaries, surgical instruments, necessary for carrying out an implant restoration.

[0009] There are two surgical approaches.

[0010] The approach according to the so-called two-stage surgical technique implies that the implant is buried in the bone and covered by the gum during the time of bone healing. Once this bone healing is complete, during a second surgical stage, the gum is incised above the implant to expose the latter, and a transgingival healing screw is fixed there, thus allowing the gum to heal. In this case, the gum will heal around this healing screw and not around the implant. After gingival healing, this screw is removed and replaced by a prosthetic element on which the crown will be fixed. In this case, we speak of second-intention healing at the gingival level.

[0011] The approach according to the one-stage technique consists of placing an implant of a different design because the latter will have both an endosseous part and a transgingival part. In this configuration, a first intention gingival healing is obtained around the transgingival part of the implant. The crimp, called epithelial attachment, is definitively acquired in this technique. This technique, where the implant is immediately in relation with the oral cavity, therefore does not involve a second stage of surgery.

[0012] Furthermore, dental implants are manufactured from perfectly biocompatible biomaterials. The properties of these biomaterials, combined with a specific surface condition, induce, after insertion of the implant into the jawbone, a natural colonization of newly formed bone on the surface of the implant. This process, called osseointegration and highlighted by Professor Per-Ingvar Brânemark, is defined as the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of an artificial implant.

[0013] The adaptation of the marginal gingiva to the implant prosthetic element is crucial. In a post-extraction site or in a healed site, the placement of an implant, associated or not with the avulsion of the tooth to be replaced, causes trauma. This disruption of the existing tissues induces bone and gingival reactions resulting in the formation of a new tissue organization around the implant. As for anchoring, and in general, the peri-implant gingival tissue is not attached to the implant as is a periodontal epithelial-connective tissue attachment. Even if the architecture of the peri-implant gingival seal resembles that which exists around a natural tooth, The absence of dentally anchored gingival fibers such as dentogingival, intercircular, transseptal and semicircular fibers around an implant significantly reduces the support of the surrounding soft tissues.

[0014] These anatomical and physiological differences between peri-implant and peri-dental tissues explain the relative fragility of the peri-implant gum.

[0015] It is therefore essential to ensure the rigidity of the connection between the implant and the abutment because the long-term stability of the marginal bone depends on the mechanical stresses generated by the implant, particularly around its neck. Under the influence of occlusal constraints, micro-movements of the abutment cause repeated prosthetic problems (unscrewing of the abutment, screw fracture, etc.) and anarchic constraints at the bone level likely to generate bone resorption.

[0016] It is also important to consider the issue of the tightness of the connections. Indeed, the majority of implant systems have a micro-hiatus between the abutment and the neck of the implant. This space allows bacterial percolation from the prosthetic limit or the screw access well towards the implant / abutment junction.

[0017] This is why it appeared necessary to stabilize the connection between the implant and the abutment on the one hand and to move the abutment / implant junction away from the bone while optimizing its sealing.

[0018] The invention relates in particular to a prosthetic system comprising a transgingival dental implant, as well as a transscrewed dental component of the abutment type, the transgingival dental implant extending longitudinally (z) along a first smooth section intended to be flush in the oral cavity of a patient at a first end called the cervical end, and along a second section provided with a male thread, extending the first section, said threaded section being intended to be screwed into the jawbone of said patient and defining a second end called the apical end, the implant and the dental component each defining a body of revolution along the longitudinal axis (z), the implant further comprising an internal connection housing opening at the first end called the cervical end and intended to receive the fixing means of the transscrewed dental component,characterized in that the screw-retained dental component comprises a first end configured to be inserted into the internal connection housing of the implant by shape complementarity, so as to block the angular position of the dental component relative to the implant.

[0019] Optional, complementary or substitutive features of the invention are set out below.

[0020] According to a first preferred embodiment, the first end of the dental component is of substantially tubular shape and comprises on its outer circumferential surface at least one rib extending along the longitudinal axis, while the circular housing comprises between 6 and 10 grooves allowing said insertion to be made with said at least one rib by complementarity of shape.

[0021] Advantageously, the first end of the dental component is of substantially tubular shape and comprises 8 ribs on its outer circumferential surface, while the circular housing comprises 8 grooves making it possible to produce said insertion with said ribs by complementary shape.

[0022] Even more advantageously, the rib(s) comprise(s) a flat at its (their) apex(s) so as to optimize contact with the corresponding surface of the housing.

[0023] According to a second embodiment which is also preferred, the outer surface of the first end of the dental component is of substantially polygonal shape, while the housing has a complementary shape.

[0024] Preferably, the dental component comprises a collar surrounding the first end of the dental component, while the first end, called the cervical end of the implant, defines a plate and is extended by a connecting appendage configured to be inserted into the circumferential space provided between the collar and the first end, the collar then being configured to rest on the plate, once the connecting appendage is inserted.

[0025] Preferably, the connecting appendage has a frustoconical outer circumferential surface, the conicity of the outer circumferential surface of the connecting appendage being oriented towards the oral cavity, and having a half-angle at the apex of between 10 and 30 degrees, preferably of the order of 20 degrees.

[0026] Preferably, the connecting appendage has a frustoconical inner circumferential surface, with a conicity oriented towards the second end called the apical end of the implant, the first end of the dental component having a surface for connection with said dental component, frustoconical and with a conicity identical to the conicity of the inner circumferential surface of the appendage.

[0027] Preferably, the taper of the frustoconical inner circumferential surface of the connecting appendage and the taper of the frustoconical connecting surface of the first end of the dental component have a half-angle at the apex of less than 10 degrees, preferably of the order of 7 degrees.

[0028] Advantageously, the screw-retained dental component comprises cavities on its outer circumferential surface, said cavities preferably forming circular grooves.

[0029] Advantageously, the screw-retained dental component has a notch at the end opposite the first.

[0030] Further, the prosthetic system may include a dental prosthesis intended to be fitted and sealed onto the end of the screw-retained dental component, which is opposite the first end of the dental component.

[0031] Other advantages and particularities of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description of implementations and embodiments which are in no way limiting, and the following appended drawings:

[0032] [Fig.l] This figure represents a schematic exploded view of a prosthetic system according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0033] [Fig.2] This figure represents a detailed schematic view along a sagittal section of an assembled prosthetic system conforming to an embodiment of the invention.

[0034] [Fig.3] This figure represents a schematic view along a sagittal section of a prosthetic system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, and implanted in the jaw of a patient.

[0035] [Fig.4] This figure represents a perspective view from below of a dental component of the prosthetic system according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0036] [Fig.5] This figure represents a side view of a dental component of the prosthetic system according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0037] [Fig.6] This figure represents a perspective view from above of an implant according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0038] [Fig.7] This figure represents a bottom view of a dental component of the prosthetic system according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0039] [Fig.8] This figure represents a top view of an implant according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0040] In relation to figures 1 and 2, the prosthetic system according to the invention comprises a transgingival dental implant 1, as well as a transscrewed dental component 2 of the abutment type, and a dental prosthesis 3.

[0041] The transgingival dental implant extends longitudinally along a z axis and comprises a first smooth section 11 intended to be flush in the oral cavity of a patient at a first end called the cervical end 114 of the implant.

[0042] The implant also comprises a second section 10 provided with a male thread, extending the first section, said threaded section being intended to be screwed into the jaw bone of said patient and defining the second end called the apical end 108 of the implant.

[0043] The implant defines a body of revolution along the longitudinal axis z and further comprises an internal connection housing 115 which opens at the level of the first end called cervical 114.

[0044] The housing 115 is intended to receive the fixing means 20, such as a screw, of the 2 screw-retained dental component, the dental component generally being a junction element with a crown, such as an abutment.

[0045] Once the implant is installed in the patient's jaw, the abutment, or any other element connecting it to the crown, is screwed into the implant and the dental prosthesis 3 is fixed (generally by gluing) to the abutment. This gives the prosthetic system.

[0046] According to the principle of the invention, the transscrewed dental component 2 comprises a first end 22 configured to be inserted into the internal connection housing 115 of the implant 1 by shape complementarity, so as to block the angular position of the dental component relative to the implant. Thus, no further rotation is possible between the transscrewed dental component 2 and the implant and the angular position of the dental component is fixed relative to the implant.

[0047] According to a preferred embodiment and as shown in figures 4, 6, 7 and 8, the first end 22 of the dental component is of substantially tubular shape and comprises on its external circumferential surface at least one rib 23 extending along the longitudinal axis z, while the circular housing 115 comprises between 6 and 10 grooves 112 making it possible to produce with said at least one rib said insertion by complementary shape.

[0048] Advantageously, the first end 22 of the dental component is of substantially tubular shape and comprises on its outer circumferential surface between 8 and 10 ribs 23 while the circular housing 115 comprises between 8 and 10 corresponding grooves 112 making it possible to produce with said ribs said insertion by complementarity of shape.

[0049] Advantageously, the rib(s) 23 comprise(s) a flat at its (their) apex(s) so as to optimize contact with the corresponding surface of the housing 115.

[0050] According to another embodiment not shown in the figures, the first end 22 of the dental component has an external surface of polygonal shape, while the housing 115 has a complementary shape allowing the insertion and rotational locking of the first end 22.

[0051] According to yet another embodiment not shown in the figures, the first end 22 of the dental component has an outer surface of polygonal shape provided with one or more ribs, while the housing 115 has a complementary shape allowing the insertion and rotational locking of the first end 22.

[0052] Obviously, according to other embodiments not described in the figures, the outer circumferential surface of the dental component could carry the female part of the shape complementarity, the housing 115 then carrying the male part of the shape complementarity. Thus, the groove / rib coupling would be reversed.

[0053] Obviously, the invention encompasses all embodiments resulting in a complementarity of shape with angular blocking between the housing 115 and the end of the appendage.

[0054] Advantageously, the outer surface of the first end 22 of the dental component is connected to the base of the screw-retained dental component 2 by a frustoconical surface 222 with a conicity of less than 10 degrees (in half-angle at the apex), and preferably of the order of 7 degrees. Preferably, the dental component comprises a collar 24 surrounding the first end 22 while the first end, called the cervical end 114, of the implant defines a plate and is extended by a connection appendage 113 configured to be inserted into the circumferential space provided between the collar and the first end 22, the collar then being configured to rest on the plate, once the connection appendage is inserted. The connection appendage 113 thus makes it possible to reinforce the connection between the implant and the screw-retained dental component 2, at the level of the part of the prosthetic system which emerges in the patient's oral cavity.

[0055] This results in stabilization of the connection between the implant and the abutment, since the abutment is fitted more deeply into the implant and cannot rotate relative to the implant.

[0056] The connection appendage 113 also makes it possible to raise the abutment / implant junction, which allows for angle adjustments and height adjustments.

[0057] Thus, the prosthetic system according to the invention does not require additional components, in particular in the case where it is used to reconstruct a dental arch.

[0058] Having a collar 24 which rests on the first cervical end 114 in the form of a plate, also makes it possible to move the pillar / implant junction away from the bone.

[0059] The fact that the collar 24 covers the connection appendage 113 also reinforces the sealing of the abutment / implant junction.

[0060] The sealing at the supragingival area is also improved with the plateau formed by the first cervical end 114.

[0061] In relation to figures 2 and 3, the implant is in fact provided with a smooth section 11 advantageously having a diameter for the plate of the first cervical end 114, located in the supra-gingival zone, wider than the average diameter of the rest of the implant.

[0062] As a result, the cratering of the bone and the depth of the sulcus S are limited. A minimal sulcus S is necessarily synonymous with greater stability over time of the marginal gingiva both in its architecture (biological distance) and in its microbiology.

[0063] The connection appendage 113 advantageously has a frustoconical outer circumferential surface, the conicity of the outer circumferential surface of the connecting appendage being oriented towards the oral cavity. This conicity is between 10 and 30 degrees (in half-angle at the apex), preferably around 20 degrees.

[0064] Equally advantageously, the connection appendage 113 has a truncated inner circumferential surface, with a conicity oriented towards the second end called the apical end (108) of the implant. This conicity is less than 10 degrees (in half-angle at the apex), preferably of the order of 7 degrees.

[0065] According to this configuration, the outer surface of the first end 22 of the dental component is connected to the base of the screw-retained dental component 2 by a frustoconical surface 222 with a conicity of less than 10 degrees (in half-angle at the apex), and preferably of the order of 7 degrees.

[0066] Thus, the inner circumferential surface of the appendage 113 matches the frustoconical connecting surface 222 of the first end 22, since they have identical conicities. The frustoconical connecting surface 222 can thus rest against the inner circumferential surface of the appendage 113 after insertion of the first end 22 into the housing 115.

[0067] The angular blocking is all the more important as: - The dimensional tolerances implemented for the male part and the female part are reduced, preferably between 0.005mm and 0.01mm, with a maximum preferred deviation of the dimensions between the male part and the female part of the order of 0.025mm, thus ensuring an angular clearance of less than 1 degree and preferably less than 0.5 degrees. - The surface contact between the frustoconical inner circumferential surface of the connecting appendage 113 with the frustoconical outer circumferential surface of the end 22 of the dental component is all the more important.

[0068] These conicities make it possible to reinforce the stability and the sealing of the abutment / implant junction.

[0069] In order to facilitate the bonding of the prosthesis 3 to the dental component 2, the dental component may comprise on its outer circumferential surface cavities 26 shown in Figures 4 and 5, said cavities preferably forming circular grooves. For this purpose, it should be recalled that the prosthetic system comprises a dental prosthesis 3 intended to be fitted and sealed on the end 21 of the screw-retained dental component 2, which is opposite the first 22 end.

[0070] In order to facilitate the passage of the tool for screwing the fixing means 20 into the pillar, which comprises a passage 200 for said means, and the implant, the dental component 2 advantageously comprises a notch 25 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, at the end 21 opposite the first 22.

[0071] According to preferential characteristics and as illustrated in [Fig.3], the smooth section has a very low roughness over a contact depth ZL in the direction of the apex, first with the gingival tissues ZG then with the bone zone ZO and in particular with the crestal bone Oc.

[0072] The anchoring of the implant is further ensured by means of a threaded section 10 having a preferably higher roughness over a contact depth ZR in the direction of the apex, with the bone zone ZO and in particular with the spongy bone Os.

[0073] The anchoring of the smooth section 11 in the crestal bone Oc by means of the adjacent portion 116 makes it possible to protect the gingival attachment zone GA consisting of the peri-implant connective tissue T covered by the juxta-implant epithelium E. The gingival attachment zone GA located between the marginal gingiva GM and the alveolar mucosa MA is in fact a particularly sensitive zone.

[0074] Preferably, the length ZR of the threaded section 10 is of the order of twice the length ZL of the smooth section 11, the implant being buried over the entire depth corresponding to the gingival zone ZG and the bone zone ZO.

[0075] Concerning the dimensions, the implants can have, in compliance with the ZR / ZL ratio of the order of 2, the following dimensions: Length ZR of the threaded section Length ZL of the smooth section 6 mm 3 mm 7.5 mm 3.5 mm 8.5 mm 4.5 mm 10 mm 5 mm 11.5 mm 5.5 mm

[0076] The embodiments described below being in no way limiting, it will be possible in particular to consider variants of the invention comprising only a selection of characteristics described, isolated from the other characteristics described (even if this selection is isolated within a sentence comprising these other characteristics), if this selection of characteristics is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention compared to the state of the prior art. This selection comprises at least one characteristic, preferably functional without structural details, or with only a part of the structural details if this part only is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention compared to the state of the prior art.

[0077] Note that the various features, forms, variants and embodiments of the invention may be associated with each other, in various combinations. to the extent that they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive.

Claims

Claims

1. Prosthetic system comprising a transgingival dental implant (1), as well as a transscrewed dental component (2) of the abutment type, the transgingival dental implant (1) extending longitudinally (z) along a first smooth section (11) intended to be flush in the oral cavity of a patient at a first end called cervical (114), and along a second section (10) provided with a male thread, extending the first section, said threaded section being intended to be screwed into the jawbone of said patient and defining a second end called apical (108), the implant and the dental component each defining a body of revolution along the longitudinal axis (z), the implant further comprising an internal connection housing (115) opening at the first end called cervical (114) and intended to receive the fixing means (20) of the transscrewed dental component,the screw-retained dental component (2) comprising a first end (22) configured to be inserted into the internal connection housing (115) of the implant (1) by form complementarity, so as to block the angular position of the dental component relative to the implant, characterized in that:, - the dental component comprises a collar (24) surrounding the first end (22) of the dental component, while the first end called cervical (114) of the implant defines a plate and is extended by a connection appendage (113) configured to be inserted into the circumferential space provided between the collar and the first end (22), the collar then being configured to rest on the plate, once the connection appendage is inserted, - the connecting appendage (113) has a frustoconical outer circumferential surface, the conicity of the outer circumferential surface of the connecting appendage being oriented towards the oral cavity, and having a half-angle at the apex of between 10 and 30 degrees, preferably of the order of 20 degrees, - the connecting appendage (113) has a frustoconical inner circumferential surface, with a conicity oriented towards the second end called the apical end (108) of the implant, the first end (22) of the dental component having a surface for connection with said dental component, frustoconical (222) and with a conicity identical to the conicity of the inner circumferential surface of the appendage.

2. Prosthetic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first end (22) of the dental component is of substantially tubular shape and comprises on its outer circumferential surface at least one rib (23) extending along the longitudinal axis (z), while the circular housing (115) comprises between 6 and 10 grooves (112) making it possible to produce with said at least one rib said insertion by shape complementarity.

3. Prosthetic system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first end (22) of the dental component is of substantially tubular shape and comprises on its external circumferential surface 8 ribs (23) while the circular housing (115) comprises 8 grooves (112) making it possible to produce with said ribs said insertion by complementarity of shape.

4. Prosthetic system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the rib(s) (23) comprise(s) a flat at its (their) apex(s) so as to optimize contact with the corresponding surface of the housing (115).

5. Prosthetic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer surface of the first end (22) of the dental component is of substantially polygonal shape, while the housing (115) has a complementary shape.

6. Prosthetic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the conicity of the frustoconical inner circumferential surface of the connecting appendage (113) and the conicity of the frustoconical connecting surface (222) of the first end (22) of the dental component have a half-angle at the apex of less than 10 degrees, preferably of the order of 7 degrees.

7. Prosthetic system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screw-retained dental component (2) comprises cavities (26) on its outer circumferential surface, said cavities preferably forming circular grooves.

8. Prosthetic system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screw-retained dental component (2) has a notch (25) at the end (21) opposite the first (22).

9. Prosthetic system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a dental prosthesis (3) intended to be fitted and sealed on the end (21) of the component screw-retained dental (2), which is opposite the first (22) end.

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