Ventilation, cooling and / or heating installation for a building

Abstract

The invention relates to a ventilation, cooling, and / or heating system for a building, comprising at least one cooling device (4.1) located in a first room (11) of a building (10), said cooling device (4.1) directly treating the air of said first room (11), at least one non-humidity-controlled air supply device (2.1, 2.2) capable of supplying air from outside the building into said first room (11), and at least one humidity-controlled air supply device (2.3) capable of supplying air from outside the building into a second room (12) of the building (10) not equipped with a cooling device directly treating the air of said second room. Figure 1

Description

Title of the invention: Ventilation, cooling and / or heating system for a building

[0001] The invention relates to a ventilation, cooling and / or heating installation for a building such as a single-family home, a multi-family residential building or a commercial building.

[0002] Buildings that can accommodate people, such as residential buildings, schools or offices, generally include a ventilation system designed to renew the air in the rooms.

[0003] A ventilation system generally includes air extraction devices located in rooms with specific pollution (bathrooms, kitchen) and air supply devices coming from outside into other rooms such as bedrooms, living room, halls, offices etc. in order to compensate for the extracted air.

[0004] The main objective of room air renewal, also called ventilation, is to remove air pollutants related to the presence of occupants, equipment, or machinery used in these rooms, as well as pollutants emitted by the building itself. Air pollutants include, in particular, carbon dioxide, humidity (i.e., water), and volatile organic compounds.

[0005] Since a person breathes a volume of air of approximately 12m3 during a day, it is important, for reasons of hygiene and comfort, to renew the air in rooms, especially closed ones.

[0006] This air is also renewed to control the indoor humidity level of the building.

[0007] Furthermore, it is necessary to control the air exchange rate in order to limit heat loss due to the evacuation of indoor air, particularly when it is heated in winter and / or cooled in summer. Therefore, it may be advantageous to adjust the air exchange rate according to the presence of people or pollutant levels.

[0008] Air extraction is achieved by means of extraction vents connected to a network of ducts, which is itself connected to a turbine driven by an electric motor. The turbine generates a vacuum that causes air to circulate in the ducts.

[0009] Air supply can be achieved by means of air inlets located on the exterior walls at the level of the windows or exterior walls. In this case, the airflow is generated by the negative pressure created in the building by the air extraction. Air supply can also be achieved by means of supply vents connected to a network of The ducts are connected to a turbine driven by an electric motor. The turbine generates overpressure, which causes air to circulate through the ducts.

[0010] In order to optimize room ventilation, it is common to implement air extraction or supply devices having a variable airflow passage section and configured to modify this passage section according to certain parameters detected by sensors and thus adjust the air renewal rate.

[0011] Certain air extraction or supply devices, known as humidity-controlled devices, are configured to modify the cross-sectional area of ​​the airflow according to the humidity of the air outside the building or the air inside the building. These devices generally include a humidity-sensitive element located between the inside and outside of the building, in particular a humidity-sensitive fabric. The fibers of the humidity-sensitive fabric elongate in the presence of moisture in the air and shrink when the air is dry. The fabric is configured to act on mechanical means to control the movement of a flap that modifies the cross-sectional area of ​​the airflow.

[0012] In addition to the ventilation system, buildings also contain heating devices in most rooms. One economical solution is to heat rooms using electric Joule-effect heaters. However, stricter thermal regulations are making these heaters less attractive due to their high energy consumption. Furthermore, electricity consumption for heating can represent a significant expense with this type of heater. These can be advantageously replaced by heat pumps.

[0013] Furthermore, in the context of global warming and evolving comfort standards, more and more buildings are being equipped with active cooling systems based on a vapor compression cycle. In these systems, air cooling is commonly achieved by convection of air through a heat exchanger whose cold surface condenses some of the moisture present in the air. This condensed water is removed from the room, and consequently, the room air dries out. An economically advantageous solution is to use reversible air-to-air heat pumps, which are particularly well-suited to this new context because they can meet both heating and cooling needs. To reduce installation costs, it is common to equip only part of the dwelling with an air-to-air heat pump.In the case of housing, the living area is generally treated with a heat pump and the bedrooms with Joule effect emitters.

[0014] The use of cooling devices in a dwelling, however, complicates the regulation of the humidity level inside the dwelling. Indeed, as mentioned previously, such devices generate a decrease in the humidity level in the room(s) equipped with them. When detected by the humidity-sensitive components of the ventilation system, this decrease in the humidity level can lead to the closure of the humidity-controlled air supply devices, which reduces the air intake flow rate and tends to increase the concentration of pollutants such as CO2 and VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds).

[0015] To overcome this drawback, a known technical solution is to combine a ventilation system with humidity-controlled air extraction and supply devices with an air heating or cooling system that supplies air to the main rooms (bedrooms, living room, offices, etc.) and draws air from a central part of the building, such as a hall or corridor. The system thus ensures air recirculation between the rooms of the building.

[0016] In the case of a ventilation system combining humidity-controlled air extraction and supply devices with a heating and / or cooling system that recirculates air between rooms in the dwelling, reducing the opening of the air inlets during cooling operation does tend to reduce the ventilation rate and increase the concentration of pollutants in the indoor air. However, this effect is offset by the air recirculation between rooms, which tends to dilute the pollutants and keep them below an acceptable level. Nevertheless, the overpressure created in the main rooms by the heating and / or cooling system can reverse the airflow at the air inlets, thus transforming them into air outlets, which increases energy losses.Furthermore, recirculating air heating and / or cooling systems are more expensive than those serving only one room, which limits their market penetration.

[0017] The present invention therefore aims to provide a ventilation, cooling and / or heating installation for a building that solves the aforementioned disadvantages.

[0018] To this end, the invention relates to a ventilation, cooling, and / or heating system for a building, comprising at least one cooling device located in a first room of a building, said cooling device directly treating the air of said first room, at least one non-humidity-controlled air supply device capable of supplying air from outside the building into said first room, and at least one humidity-controlled air supply device capable of supplying air from outside the building into a second room of the building not equipped with a cooling device directly treating the air of said second room.

[0019] Thus configured, the installation according to the invention will provide ventilation inside a building comprising several rooms, one of which is equipped with a cooling device. The air intake into the room equipped with the cooling device is independent of the humidity level of the air contained in said room. This will prevent a decrease in the incoming airflow when the cooling device is operating, which would result in an increase in the concentration of pollutants in the room.

[0020] According to other features, the installation according to the invention comprises one or more of the following optional features considered alone or in combination: - the installation includes at least one heating device located in the first room and / or the second room of the building. - the heating system is separate from the cooling system. - the installation includes at least one heat pump that can operate either as a heating device or as a cooling device. - the heating and / or cooling system is capable of providing domestic hot water. - the humidity-controlled air supply device includes an air inlet orifice having a variable airflow passage cross-section depending on the humidity of the air in the second room. - The humidity-controlled air supply system includes a blower outlet supplied with air via a network of ducts connected to a turbine, the blower outlet having a variable airflow passage cross-section depending on the humidity of the air in the second room. - the installation includes at least one air extraction device located in a third room of the building communicating fluidically with the first and second rooms. - the air extraction system is humidity-controlled.

[0021] The invention also relates to a building comprising at least a first room and a second room, the building comprising a ventilation, cooling, and / or heating installation as defined above.

[0022] The invention also relates to a method for regulating the ventilation of a building comprising main rooms and technical rooms, at least one of the main rooms being equipped with a cooling device and at least one other of the main rooms not being equipped with a cooling device, in which fresh air is admitted into the main rooms of the building and stale air extracted from the technical parts of the building, the process of varying the air flow admitted into the main room equipped with a cooling device independently of the humidity level of the air contained in said room, and of varying the air flow admitted into the main room not equipped with a cooling device according to the humidity level of the air contained in said room.

[0023] The invention will be better understood with the aid of the following description, with reference to the attached schematic drawings representing, by way of non-limiting examples, several embodiments of an installation according to the invention.

[0024] [Fig. 1] is a plan of a dwelling equipped with an installation according to a first embodiment of the invention.

[0025] [Fig.2] is a plan of a dwelling equipped with an installation according to a second form of execution of the invention.

[0026] [Fig.3] is a plan of a dwelling equipped with an installation according to a third form execution of the invention.

[0027] [Fig.4] is a plan of a dwelling equipped with an installation according to a fourth form of execution of the invention.

[0028] In the remainder of the description, the following terminology will apply: - an "air inlet" refers to an air intake opening connecting a room in a dwelling with the outside and which is intended to bring outside air into the room by negative pressure. - a "non-hygro-regulating air inlet" refers to an air inlet that does not include an element intended to regulate the airflow according to humidity. - a "hygro-adjustable air inlet" refers to an air inlet with an element designed to regulate the airflow according to the indoor humidity of the dwelling. - a "blowing outlet" refers to an air terminal connecting a room in a dwelling with the outside and which is intended to bring outside air into the room by overpressure generated by a turbine. - a "non-hygro-adjustable supply vent" refers to a supply vent that does not include an element intended to regulate the airflow according to humidity. - a "hygro-adjustable supply vent" refers to a supply vent with an element designed to regulate the airflow according to the indoor humidity of the dwelling. - an "extraction vent" refers to an air terminal connecting a room in a dwelling with the outside and which is intended to remove stale air from the room by overpressure generated by a turbine. - a "non-hygro-regulating extraction vent" refers to an extraction vent that does not include an element intended to regulate the airflow according to the humidity. - a "hygro-adjustable extraction vent" refers to an extraction vent with an element designed to regulate the airflow according to the indoor humidity of the dwelling.

[0029] A dwelling unit 10 in a multi-family building, equipped with a ventilation, cooling, and / or heating system according to the invention, is shown in [Fig. 1]. This dwelling unit 10 comprises two main rooms 11 and 12, corresponding respectively to a living room 11 and a bedroom 12, and two utility rooms 13 and 14, corresponding respectively to a kitchen 13 and a bathroom 14. The main rooms and utility rooms communicate with each other via a corridor 15. Air circulates within the dwelling unit 10 through transit passages provided by doors 16, with which each of the rooms 11-14 is equipped. For this purpose, the doors 16 will be sized according to the requirements of standard NF DT U 68.3.

[0030] The ventilation, cooling, and / or heating installation of the invention aims to ensure general ventilation of the dwelling 10 and operates on the principle of at least one fresh air inlet in the main rooms 11, 12 of the dwelling 10 and at least one stale air outlet in the technical rooms 13, 14 of the dwelling 10.

[0031] In the embodiment variant of [Fig.1], air enters the dwelling 10 at two non-hygro-regulated air inlets 2.1 and 2.2 located in the living room 11 and at one hygro-regulated air inlet 2.3 located in the bedroom 12, and exits the dwelling 10 at extraction vents 3.1 and 3.2 located respectively in the kitchen 13 and in the bathroom 14. The extraction vents 3.1, 3.2 may be non-hygro-regulated or hygro-regulated.

[0032] In addition, the dwelling 10 includes heat exchange means 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, and 4.4 located respectively in the living room 11, the bedroom 12, the kitchen 13, and the bathroom 14. Heat exchange means 4.1 is a heat pump that can operate either as a heating device or as a cooling device, and heat exchange means 4.2 to 4.4 are heating devices. Each of the heat exchange means 4.1 to 4.4 may optionally be capable of providing domestic hot water.

[0033] Thus, the dwelling 10 is equipped with a combined ventilation, cooling, and heating system which includes, in particular, a cooling device 4.1 located in a first main room 11 of the dwelling 10, at least one non-humidity-controlled air supply device 2.1, 2.2 supplying air from outside into this first main room 11, and a device 2.3 humidity-controlled air supply blowing air from outside into a second main room 12 of the dwelling 10.

[0034] As configured, this installation will allow for better regulation of the humidity level inside the dwelling 10. Indeed, when a person in the living room 11 wishes to lower the temperature in the room, they can operate the heat pump 4.1 in cooling mode. During its operation, the heat pump 4.1 will generate a decrease in the humidity level in the living room 11. However, because the air supply devices 2.1, 2.2 installed in the living room 11 are not sensitive to humidity, this decrease in the humidity level will not lead to their closure, which, as explained previously, would have resulted in an increase in the concentration of pollutants, such as CO2 and VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds), in the living room 11. On the contrary, in the bedroom 12, which only has a heating device 4.2. There is no risk of a drop in humidity levels when using this heating device 4.2. It is therefore advantageous to equip room 12 with a humidity-controlled air supply device 2.3 because it allows for better regulation of the humidity level in the room and lower flow rates in order to reduce energy consumption.

[0035] This general principle of humidity level regulation has been applied in a similar manner in the embodiment variants of figures 2 to 4.

[0036] This general principle is based on several key ideas. The first idea is to bring fresh air into the main rooms of the dwelling and to extract stale air from the utility rooms. The second idea is to vary the airflow rate admitted into the main room equipped with a cooling device independently of the humidity level of the air in that room. The third idea is to vary the airflow rate admitted into the main room not equipped with a cooling device according to the humidity level of the air in that room.

[0037] When applied, this general principle will make it possible to better regulate the humidity level inside the dwelling and to lower the flow rates in order to reduce energy consumption.

[0038] In the embodiment variant of [Fig.2], air enters the dwelling 10 at two humidity-controlled air inlets 2.1 and 2.2 located in the living room 11 and at a non-humidity-controlled air inlet 2.3 located in the bedroom 12, and exits the dwelling 10 at extraction vents 3.1 and 3.2 located respectively in the kitchen 13 and in the bathroom 14. The extraction vents 3.1, 3.2 may be non-humidity-controlled or humidity-controlled.

[0039] In addition, the dwelling 10 includes heat exchange means 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4 located respectively in the living room 11, the bedroom 12, the kitchen 13 and the bathroom 14. The heat exchange means 4.2 is a heat pump which can function either as a heating device or as a cooling device, and the heat exchange means 4.1, 4.3 and 4.4 are heating devices. Each of the heat exchange means 4.1 to 4.4 may optionally be capable of providing domestic hot water.

[0040] Thus, the dwelling 10 is equipped with a combined ventilation, cooling, and heating system which includes in particular a cooling device 4.1 located in a first main room 12 of the dwelling 10, a non-hygro-adjustable air supply device 2.3 supplying air from outside into this first main room 12, and at least one hygro-adjustable air supply device 2.1, 2.2 supplying air from outside into a second main room 11 of the dwelling 10.

[0041] As configured, this installation will allow better regulation of the humidity level inside the dwelling 10. Indeed, when a person present in the room 12 wishes to lower the temperature in the room, they will be able to operate the heat pump 4.2 in cooling mode. During its operation, the heat pump 4.2 will generate a decrease in the humidity level in room 12. However, because the air supply device 2.3 installed in room 12 is not sensitive to humidity, this decrease in the humidity level will not lead to its closure, which, as explained previously, would have resulted in an increase in the concentration of pollutants, such as CO2 and VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds), in room 12. Conversely, in the living room 11, which only has a heating device 4.1, there is no risk of a decrease in the humidity level when this heating device 4.1 is in use.It is therefore advantageous to equip living room 11 with humidity-controlled air supply devices 2.1, 2.2 because they allow for better regulation of the humidity level in the room and lower flow rates in order to reduce energy consumption.

[0042] In the embodiment variant of [Fig.3], air enters the dwelling 10 at two non-hygro-adjustable air inlets 2.1 and 2.2 located in the living room 11 and at one hygro-adjustable air inlet 2.3 located in the bedroom 12, and exits the dwelling 10 at extraction vents 3.1 and 3.2 located respectively in the kitchen 13 and in the bathroom 14. The extraction vents 3.1, 3.2 may be non-hygro-adjustable or hygro-adjustable.

[0043] In addition, the dwelling 10 includes heat exchange means 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, and 4.5 located respectively in the living room 11, bedroom 12, kitchen 13, bathroom 14, and living room 11. Heat exchange means 4.1 is a cooling device, and heat exchange means 4.2 to 4.5 are heating devices. Each of the heat exchange means 4.1 to 4.5 may optionally be capable of providing domestic hot water.

[0044] Thus, the dwelling 10 is equipped with a combined ventilation, cooling, and heating system which includes in particular a cooling device 4.1 located in a first main room 11 of the dwelling 10, at least one non-hygro-adjustable air supply device 2.1, 2.2 supplying air from outside into this first main room 11, and a hygro-adjustable air supply device 2.3 supplying air from outside into a second main room 12 of the dwelling 10.

[0045] As configured, this installation will allow for better regulation of the humidity level inside the dwelling 10. Indeed, when a person in the living room 11 wishes to lower the temperature in the room, they can operate the cooling device 4.1. During its operation, the cooling device 4.1 will generate a decrease in the humidity level in the living room 11. However, because the air supply devices 2.1, 2.2 installed in the living room 11 are not sensitive to humidity, this decrease in the humidity level will not lead to their closure, which, as explained previously, would have resulted in an increase in the concentration of pollutants, such as CO2 and VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds), in the living room 11. On the contrary, in the bedroom 12, which only has a heating device 4.2. There is no risk of a drop in humidity levels when using this heating device 4.2. It is therefore advantageous to equip room 12 with a humidity-controlled air supply device 2.3 because it allows for better regulation of the humidity level in the room and lower flow rates in order to reduce energy consumption.

[0046] In the embodiment variant of [Fig.4], air enters the dwelling 10 at two non-hygro-adjustable supply vents 2.1 and 2.2 located in the living room 11 and at one hygro-adjustable supply vent 2.3 located in the bedroom 12, and exits the dwelling 10 at extraction vents 3.1 and 3.2 located respectively in the kitchen 13 and in the bathroom 14. The extraction vents 3.1, 3.2 may be non-hygro-adjustable or hygro-adjustable.

[0047] In addition, the dwelling 10 includes heat exchange means 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, and 4.4 located respectively in the living room 11, the bedroom 12, the kitchen 13, and the bathroom 14. Heat exchange means 4.1 is a heat pump that can operate either as a heating device or as a cooling device, and heat exchange means 4.2 to 4.4 are heating devices. Each of the heat exchange means 4.1 to 4.4 may optionally be capable of providing domestic hot water.

[0048] Thus, the dwelling 10 is equipped with a combined ventilation, cooling, and heating system which includes, in particular, a cooling device 4.1 located in a first main room 11 of the dwelling 10, at least one non-hygro-adjustable air supply device 2.1, 2.2 supplying air from outside into this first main room 11, and one hygro-adjustable air supply device 2.3 supplying air from outside into a second main room 12 of the dwelling 10.

[0049] As configured, this installation will allow for better regulation of the humidity level inside the dwelling 10. Indeed, when a person in the living room 11 wishes to lower the temperature in the room, they can operate the heat pump 4.1 in cooling mode. During its operation, the heat pump 4.1 will generate a decrease in the humidity level in the living room 11. However, because the air supply devices 2.1, 2.2 installed in the living room 11 are not sensitive to humidity, this decrease in the humidity level will not lead to their closure, which, as explained previously, would have resulted in an increase in the concentration of pollutants, such as CO2 and VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds), in the living room 11. On the contrary, in the bedroom 12, which only has a heating device 4.2. There is no risk of a drop in humidity levels when using this heating device 4.2. It is therefore advantageous to equip room 12 with a humidity-controlled air supply device 2.3 because it allows for better regulation of the humidity level in the room and lower flow rates in order to reduce energy consumption.

[0050] It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the embodiment variants described above by way of example, but on the contrary encompasses all conceivable variants which would be covered by the annexed claims.

Claims

Demands

1. Ventilation, cooling, and / or heating installation for a building, comprising at least one cooling device (4.1) located in a first room (11; 12) of a building (10), said cooling device (4.1) directly treating the air of said first room (11; 12), at least one non-hygro-controlled air supply device (2.1, 2.2; 2.3) capable of supplying air from outside the building into said first room (11; 12), and at least one hygro-controlled air supply device (2.3; 2.1, 2.2) capable of supplying air from outside the building into a second room (12; 11) of the building (10) not equipped with a cooling device directly treating the air of said second room.

2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one heating device (4.1; 4.2; 4.5) located in the first room and / or the second room of the building.

3. Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that the heating device (4.5) is separate from the cooling device (4.1).

4. Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises at least one heat pump (4.1; 4.2) capable of operating either as a heating device or as a cooling device.

5. Installation according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the heating and / or cooling device is capable of ensuring the production of domestic hot water.

6. Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the humidity-controlled air supply device comprises an air inlet orifice having an airflow passage cross-section that varies according to the humidity of the air in the second room.

7. Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the humidity-controlled air supply device comprises a blower outlet supplied with air via a network of ducts connected to a turbine, the blower outlet having a variable airflow passage cross-section depending on the humidity of the air in the second room.

8. Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises at least one air extraction device (3.1, 3.2) located in a third room (13, 14) of the building (10) communicating fluidically with the first and second rooms.

9. Installation according to claim 8, characterized in that the air extraction device (3.1, 3.2) is humidity-controlled.

10. Building (10) comprising at least a first room (11) and a second room (12), characterized in that it includes a ventilation, cooling, and / or heating installation according to any one of the preceding claims.

11. A method for regulating the ventilation of a building (10) comprising main rooms (11, 12) and technical rooms (13, 14), at least one of the main rooms (11; 12) being equipped with a cooling device (4.1; 4.2) and at least one other of the main rooms (12; 11) not being equipped with a cooling device, wherein fresh air is admitted into the main rooms (11, 12) of the building (10) and stale air is extracted from the technical rooms (13, 14) of the building (10), characterized in that it consists of varying the air flow rate admitted into the main room (11; 12) equipped with a cooling device (4.1; 4.2) independently of the humidity level of the air contained in said room (11; 12), and varying the air flow rate admitted into the main room (12; 11) not equipped with a cooling device based on the humidity level of the air contained in said room (12; H).

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