Outdoor equipment and renewable energy systems

Abstract

Bags and sheets can be used to perform a variety of tasks - these can make structures for use outdoors - they can be used in industry or for fun. Bags can be used to make anchors and provide flotation. Along with a description that describes applications of bags for fun. there is also a description of various renewable energy systems and industries that can use the bags for all sorts of applications.

Description

[0001] Introduction - Outdoor Equipment

[0002] A range of outdoor equipment is described that is intended to improve safety and range of use; this might increase the number of people who do a certain kind of sport. The equipment described avoids certain trends in the outdoor equipment industry. The three main ones are down insulation, avalanche air bags and tent poles / elasticated slot together poles - (DAC poles). The desired is to make mountain climbing safer and more accessible by making the equipment more useful than it is presently per kg carried, and by making it easier to use and by providing more safety features and new methods of surviving well known incidents like avalanches, altitude sickness and exposure.

[0003] An avalanche air bag that is suitable for climbers is described it is suitable because of the low weight and because the system mates with a shelter system so that a person must not carry both items. Due to the weight saving a person may more feasibly carry avalanche protection and a shelter. The same system can conveniently morph into an insulation system for ancillary equipment, clothing and sleeping systems that does not use down insulation. Down insulation is reported to fail to work properly when wet. Yet more conveniently the same system can feasibly be a vessel / positive pressure system for persons at high altitude.

[0004] Even more conveniently, essentially the same bag system can be a climbing tool typically in the form of an anchor or buoy or beacon. Yet even more conveniently the anchor, beacon or buoy can be used in a range of renewable energy systems that are described in patents that are owned by Re systems ltd. Some new renewable energy systems are described in this document as well. Divisional applications or continuation of part applications are planned.

[0005] Numbers and labels in the text do not always refer to drawings, these relate to the text.

[0006] Scenario of invention l.A.

[0007] A person carries at least one everyday outdoor bag of some kind, there are several popular kinds for example a roll-top bag. This bag is fitted with at least one attachment system that can join to at least one of climbing, equipment, rope, sheets, other bags, a leash, and it can hold at least one malleable pressure vessel inside of it, it can also support a section of insulation in a sleeve or pocket, this is what makes it different.

[0008] Interactions -

[0009] The bags can be joined to a person or a thing. The bags can carry a sheet. The bags can be joined to other bags. The bags can be joined to a sheet with at least one kind of attachment system, or the bags can fit inside the sheet because the sheet is a sleeve or because sleeves or pockets in the sheet permit them to fit inside or both. At least one kind of sheet can be joined to at least one kind of bag in at least one way using this method and apparatus. The attachment system is able to join a bag to a sheet or a bag to a person, or a bag to a rope and or climbing equipment. The attachment system is probably a webbing sewn onto the bag that has loops on it somewhere, either by not sewing the webbing or by sewing a loop onto the webbing.

[0010] First consequences - the flowing things become possible...

[0011] 1. Shelter system - because the (at least one) bag raises the sheet a space is created a person can reside within it.

[0012] 2. Avalanche tool 1 - A flotation device - because the bags are voluminous, they will promote inverse segregation.

[0013] 3. An anchor system - By burying or filling the bag or sheet and by joining it to whatever it is that is desired to be anchored the bag or sheet can be an anchor.

[0014] 4. A weighted or buried bag outside a shelter can be joined to an air-filled bag inside a shelter, or it can be joined the sheet or both.

[0015] 5. Therefore, an anchor-able shelter that has an avalanche air bag is possible and the same bags can also be a wearable Avalanche ABS for a person or thing is possible.

[0016] Second consequences - Avalanche tool 2 = A beacon - because the bag is joined to a person it may float yet the person may be buried, the bag can be used to find someone because the bag leads to the person due to the rope or leash. Avalanche tool 3 = the leash - because the bag can be found. 3.1 The leash joined to the person from the bag can be pulled freeing snow and thereby aiding rescue - 3.2 the leash can be made to move in a circle that would free snow and create a passage due to friction- 3.3... small attachments to 3.2 make the creation of a passage more likely. 3.4 the leash can be fitted along with or be a hose air can pass down the hose. 3.5. The hose can have perforations making air passages possible in more ways -3.5 air can be physically driven to the person through a normal or perforated hose each might have useful effects either granting breathing air or pushing away snow or both. Pressurized air is warmed when it is compressed this warm air can melt snow.

[0017] A grand consequence

[0018] A bag with an appropriate attachment system can attached to climbing equipment can do any of the following:

[0019] Provide Climbing and abseiling anchors - rope solo counterweights - cutting tracks - causing / cutting avalanches - counterweighting - belay counterweighting - cornice cutting -anchor for glacier traverse - ...

[0020] Climbing equipment includes any on the market obvious examples include: - webbing - static and elastic ropes

[0021] - shunts - karabiners - camming devices - cordialities - pulley - bungee ropes - bungee cord - elastic cord - belaying equipment -

[0022] The system can provide - Shelter - Insulation - a source of air - protection from impacts - a source of floatation

[0023] - Insulation - wind proofing -a boulder mat - a crash mat - a hide - a cliff porta ledge - a slope porta ledge - a way of producing a positive pressure chamber -

[0024] A Further Grand Consequence -

[0025] Due to the modular status of the system an infinite number of shelter variations is possible. Larger shelters can be broken down into smaller shelters not just_parts that have no purpose. In order for this to be true, shelter sheets would at least preferably have the ability to be joined to other sheets in some way. For example, sheets could join to sheets with the use of sleeves, webbing, buckles, straps, loops, zips, Velcro, slots, passages, trapping flaps, catches pockets on one sheet that another sheet could be fixed into.

[0026] Pockets - turn buckles- eyelets - sleeves - sheet goes into pocket- has rope- turn buckle - webbing etc ties should hole to other sheet - also hold snow or other matter to weigh down -

[0027] Modes of use -

[0028] The bag can be carried - worn - dragged - held - fixed - pushed - pulled - etc. - it at least preferably has a leash, a d-ring, rope, a rope loop, handle straps, foot straps - a pocket for sheets and insulation such as coated foam or heat reflective sheets - a pocket for an avalanche glove and its accessories.

[0029] In larger bags such as, (or for a bags and sheets that are at least equivalent in size to): bivvi bags, flight covers, holdalls, and very large roll tops and rucksacks, there are anticipated to be at least two smaller bags that can also be climbers' bags and shelter supports in their own right - these hold at least one air filled bag each - these air filled bags could be baglets - or just simple air filled bags -any bags can at least partially be filled with foam that can also be a mattress or at least an additional source of insulation and impact protection.

[0030] Unique features of the new shelter.

[0031] No tent pole and no separate avalanche air bag system; a shelter and avalanche air bag in one. Weight has been saved and new opportunities present themselves because of the features of the equipment. The shelter pattern is easier to produce with less work.

[0032] The shelter can be anchored. The shelter can be raised quickly. The shelter is an avalanche shelter. The shelter can be joined to a beacon or anchor or to a rope that can be fixed. The shelter can have the strength of climbing equipment. The shelter can be more insulative than a normal tent. The shelter can provide a source of air if buried. The same shelter that is an alternative to a hooped bivvi bag can be the basis for larger shelter by simply adding a sheet and a bag inside of it to create loft - the same thing would make a great column if it was air filled, and perhaps if it was stiffened with a tube. The shelter can also be a raft, a porta ledge, a slope porta ledge; the shelters are light so may make a great alternative to any one of these additional things and may be conveniently furnished with various features that makes the creation of these additional things more feasible.

[0033] Because the bags are light and the sheets are light and do not take up much space, and can also be bags to carry things themselves, there is little harm in bringing spares, in fact all one would do by bringing them is make it possible to have a larger more luxurious shelter and carry more 'stuff'. Shelters can be split to make smaller and smaller shelters until there are several shelters, of similar size or of range of sizes, useful for expeditions. I could leave a near complete shelter in one position and would only take 3 bags and a sheet for one kind of shelter or even 1 bag and a sheet for another with me somewhere else. Any difference in size can be made up (by someone else) if desired by bringing additional / spare bags and sheets. For example, a shelter might need 2 more bags to be an x sized shelter instead of a y - so bring more bags or I could leave the shelter with 1-3 bags missing and then when I return, I could re-complete the shelter. Someone else who is / was absent could add their bags to the main shelter to restore its size. This could save weight on larger expeditions if all used the same equipment. There are always people rotating etc.

[0034] Smaller teams may be possible, and they may be able to afford more luxury for less weight. People who travel in groups could make larger (more insulated / protected) shelters than smaller groups, whilst permissibly only carrying essential equipment themselves - e.g., 1-3 bags and a sheet (1. heat reflective.2. bivvi bag.3. sheet per tent or tarpaulin.) This is remarkably enough for them to survive on their own if they are lost (an at least preferable if not essential feature) though a single person could always carry more bags and sheets to make a bigger shelter for themselves.

[0035] It might be worth noting (in fact it is arguably essential or at least preferable) that depending on the design the shelter can be raised without the air bag. Instead, the same bags are filled with other matter including equipment, or local matter such as snow, rocks, sand, rubbish, waste, tree parts, leaves, what have you? This lowers the risk of using air bags significantly as there are always alternative to raise the shelter unlike with the use of tent poles. It has also been found that vacuum bags work to fill a void, and these can even be made to withstand a considerable force on them without opening. It is possible to imagine these can be useful brought as spare air bags with other uses.

[0036] This may be ideal for lightweight backpackers and multiday climbers where there is a need for efficiency, as well as with consumers who simply like the idea. The ideal system for this would be an attachment system that allowed a bag to be strapped to at least one other bag and or to a sheet. It is possible that the sheet can be free from the bag or fixed, there are advantages to both, the sheet can have the common features of an emergency bag, a heat reflective bag, a bivi bag or tent or of a tarpaulin; these different types of shelter may be designed to be compatible for interacting with each other by design.

[0037] Invention l.B

[0038] The malleable pressure vessel can be of any size but of l.B is now preferably the size of an arm band or sleeping pillow. The user carries several of them and he may have spares. Besides being held in the bags of invention 1A., the user can place the bags into pockets or sleeve on clothing or sleeping bags to primarily provide insulation though other uses present themselves.

[0039] An alternative to down is created. Per research there are many ways that inflatables are not lethal to be worn and improvements can be made to the design to ensure that is not possible. It also seems that they are better at not overheating the user than some heavily insulative materials as the larger air space is sealed but creates a more moderate, spaced out temperature gradient due to the larger volume of air (material) that is more comfortable to the user and LESS likely to cause overheating or apparent overheating.

[0040] The malleable pressure vessel is a bag. The bags can be strapped to any part of the body. The use of at least several small bags de-risks leaks when it comes to shelters, avalanche air bags and impact bags. The additional uses of the bags mean that spares are useful. The small bag is also an ideal spacer between a sheet and another so as to act as a spacer making double fly shelters or more (2-3-4-etc) possible.

[0041] Preferable features of the malleable pressure vessels and or the bags that support them. straps - webbing - raised surfaces - polyester mesh - grommets - further insulative materials such as those provided by polartec and those like them - hydrophobic coatings - valves - pockets - sleeves -

[0042] Avalanche tool 4

[0043] Once buried a person wearing bags can exert force onto them. 4.1. this allows the person to move and affect the snow in any way they see fit - 4.2. (4.1) allows the person to move and compress snow in the process - 4.3. the malleable pressure vessel has surfaces that affect the snow and moving causes these surfaces to do work on the snow creating more space - by working on the snow a breathing channel or a chamber may be created. 4.4. the malleable pressure vessels are deflated creating a chamber - 4.5 - the malleable pressure vessels are deflated after they have thoroughly compressed the snow - 4.6. air can be breathed in and out of the bags inflating and deflating them and due to the grating surfaces and gravity a peristaltic effect is created as the snow is crushed and warmed and falls down due to gravity, self-rescue may be possible - 4.7 the air in the malleable pressure vessels is somehow warmed.

[0044] List of activities - belaying counterweight - anchor for rope soloing - anchor (any) - cornice cutting - path cutting - dead weight anchor - buried anchor - ski jump - porta-ledge - slope porta ledge - beacon - avalanche air bag for a person or thing.

[0045] List of sheet features -

[0046] Sleeve - skylight - webbing - Sealy doors - zip doors - pressure seal - fold seal - fold and pressure seal - Velcro seal - pressure valve -

[0047] Description and Drawings -

[0048] Some of the drawn items can have more than one embodiment and labels are shared. This is not a mistake it occurs when such a thing is able to be both things or when it can be one or other. There are otherwise too many variations.

[0049] Universal attachment system -

[0050] An attachment system is the most common aspect to the contents of the patent - it is certainly at least preferable that the attachment system is universal to the bags used in each invention. The word attachment system can mean holding one thing to another in some way the most common examples tend to use at least one of, at least one of: a webbing loop of some kind, a strap, a webbing, strap or rope with a catch, buckle, knots, hitches, or clips, use of: a pocket, a pouch, a sleeve, a clamping system, or, tying with a piece of climbing equipment, ...

[0051] There are other inventions in the document but when it comes to the use of bags there is always at least one that has an attachment system. Even the baglet must be associated with a pocket, sleeve or rope or webbing to perform as intended.

[0052] Use of the word associated -

[0053] When it comes to sheets and bags it may be preferable to simply associate the sheet with a bag to make a shelter and to merely associated the bag and or sheet with a person. The important feature of the sheet can be that is can be a sleeve sheet that permits bags to be placed within it well enough to be shelter without a webbing so it can be light weight and altered little. For sake of argument therefore please take associated to mean any one of: joined to, fixed to, placed on, placed under, placed beside or even just placed nearby.

[0054] Having said this a bag can be fixed to the sheet through the attachment system, for example each has a webbing loop and a strap and buckle or catch then holds the two together. Bags and other bag can be joined to each other in this way. Bags can be joined to ground sheets, sleeping bags, sleeping mats, in this way too.

[0055] Common labels on the drawings - these are occasionally used in the description - note - based on the description and labels it is anticipated to the drawing will be easy to understand as they typically comprise a bag, a sheet, and an activity.

[0056] B = bag - C.B - Climbers bag - Bg. = baglet - BA. = bag anchor -Be = Beacon - Bal. - inflatable ball or pillow with any kind of valve - AAB - = avalanche air bag - Set. = seat - Bs. = bag or baglet spacer - S or Sh. = sheet - As. = attachment system - Au - sliver heat reflective sheet - loop - Pon. = Poncho - LI - L2 - L3 - = layer 1 - Layer 2 - Layer 3 — Se = seal - St = strap — St = strap - Fr.l = frame 1 - Fr.2. = frame 2. etc. - IW. = insulative wall - FI. = flap - P = pole - SLS = sleeve sheet - PL = porta-ledge - T = shelter - SLP = slope porta-ledge or ski jump / back country kicker - PS = pyramid shelter -

[0057] PA = any kind of para sail or chute or kite including wind power kite - - Wi = wing system - Pv. = pressure vessel - Va. = Valve - Ho = hose -

[0058] All drawings - Shelters sheets, bags and clothing- T = shelter / bivvi / tent - Sw. = Shelter wall - Sis. = Sleeve sheet. (SLS) = preferably / potentially a sleeve sheet - A sleeve sheet is a sheet that can serve as the ground sheet and ceiling sheet of a shelter, it can also be modified to be any kind of bag including those of the description, also a poncho, or quilt. It is essentially the same as a duvet cover only made from a different material - it can be plastic, or a breathable cloth and it can be fully sealable using at least one of a Sealy seal - a zip - a flap - - Sp. = spacer - Pon. = poncho - Ps. pressure seal - Gps. - gaiter or collar pressure seal - SJ = Sheet joint - SL1. = Sky light - Do = door - Pocket = Po. - SI = sleeve - Po = pole, tube or bar - Wh. = webbing hole - PL = porta ledge - SPL = slope porta-ledge - Le = ledge - SJ = kicker or ski-jump - Sb = sleeping bag or bivvi bag - Ru = Rubber - Asp = air space - Gs = Ground sheet - BM = Boulder mat - Ma = matt / sleeping mat / sleeping mattress - Bt. = Boot - Qu. = Quilt - DSB. = dry sleeping bag / bivvi bag at least preferably with a pocket or sleeve for removeable insulation of foam / foam and plastic or bags or baglets - Ag. = heat reflective sheet - Rt. = roll top - SS. = tuff sack - Zi = zip - Cl. = pliant cloth or other pliant material - Rs. = Rigid section of material - BB = Bivvi bag - Sb. - sleeping bag - UVB. = Universal vacuum bag for cloth dying, emergency air bag, storing things - - SSB = Sealy seal bag - IP. = impact protection - V. = Vest / Insulative vest with an attachment system that can hold bags / baglets / foam, In pockets or pouches or by the attachment system - The vest is also shown serving as a ground sheet / sleeping matt - it can also fit into sheet pockets or onto sheets to insulation shelter wall, and can also be rolled to fill a bag to be a shelter wall or AAB. F = Foam including PU or Aerogel foam. - Ps. - Pull string (the pull string allows a holder of it to pull an AAB. toward themselves so that they can take hold of it by its entirety or by taking hold of the handles. Ponp. = poncho or sheet pocket on a bag / the climbers' bag. - 1L = one-layer poncho or sheet - 21. = 2-layer poncho or sheet - Ve = vestibule - Ch. = chimney - SI = sheet 1 - S2 = sheet 2 - PC. = privacy chamber / a bivvi or single ply shelter inside or under at least one second sheet -

[0059] Drawing 1-4 and drawing page 11 -Gloves - Th. = thimble - PI. - plastic - ag = aerogel - Ru. = rubber - Di. Dimples - Cz = crumple zone - Ac. = air conduit - Nbc. - non breathable sheet, cover, or coating - Glo. = Glove - FTH. = Full finger thimble - Th. = Thimble -

[0060] Seals - Col. = collar - Ch = channel - P.P. = positive pressure - Se = seal - St = strap -

[0061] Snow melting and rescue - - He. = heater / heating element - Fa. = Fan - Con. = conduit - Ps. = pull string - Wi. = widget - Gr, = grommet - Pe. = perforation - Ps. = Plastic section - Wi = wire - Wh. = wheel - P. = pump - Bp = bulb pump - Rs = Rigid section

[0062] Snowsports and Climbing Equipment - Sk = ski - Snb. = snowboard - Fr. = frame - Be. = bearing - Fp. = footrest or pedal - As. or Ap. attachment point or system - Cam = cam - Sh. = shunt or prussik or friction hitch - Ce. - climbing equipment of any kind - Ca. - climbing equipment attachment - Sn. = Snow - Ro. = Rocks and other local matter - Vehicles - Tr. = trolley - Wh. =wheel - Sk. = ski - Bi = bicycle - Veh. = vehicle - Dt = drive train - Ds = drive system - Be - Bearing -Ts. - turning system - Cr = Crank -Tc. -Pump / Compressor wheel or turbo compressor wheel that is joinable with a motor or with a crank and or drive train / system that can include a rope driven wheel (Rw.) - and a means of joining to a motor / alternator and a pedal system - the system can charge a battery or use it to run the compressor or drive the drive train that can be joined to a wheel or wheels. PM = Paramotor- Wl. = wings - Alt = alternator -

[0063] Rescue - Hollow passage = Hp. - Air space = Asp. - R = Rescuer - Bp = buried person - H = heat - Pul. = pull string -

[0064] Wizard pole -

[0065] Positive pressure / insulative tube = MP = mars tubes - DS. = door seal - Hi = hinge - SF = sealing flange - Ap. = attachment points - CA. = climbing attachment - Toi = toilet -

[0066] Drawing page 7 - Brine Gravity and diffusion system - Brine Br. = Brine - Sa. = salt - Bo. = boiling system - Di.s.

[0067] = diffusive surface - Ve. = vent - Pu. = pulley - Ho = hose - Co. = container - Di. = diffusion area - P. = Pump - Con. = conduit - Ssv. = saltshaker vent - Me. = moving membrane - Bm. = stored buoyancy / buoyant module - Cl - C2 - container 1 container 2 - etc -TPV = turbo-pump valve -TPH = turbo-pump hose - Cv = container valve - Con = conduit - Con A = conduit system A - Con B = conduit system B etc. - D++ = area of higher / highest density - D+ = medium high density - D— = medium low density - D — = lowest / low density - T-P = turbo-pump - A / A1 / B - are conduit variations - C1L = Contain 1 lower - T-G = turbo-generator - C+C = cable and container system this system uses containers to hold brine, the brine pulls the container downward or falls down a rope a container system is described in - GB2523273 - MM = moving membrane - PP = piston pump - Wp = wave pump - Wip = wind pump - HCV = hose / container vent - BMV = buoyant module vent - the buoyant module holds vents and can partition a shoe way so that the buoyant module can hold the weight of the brine - the module can use air or something like gasoline for buoyancy - MH 1 = main hose 1 - MH2 = main hose 2 - ASP = air space - TB = turbine bag -

[0068] Drawing page 10 - Sailing - Sa. = Sail - Cw. = counterweight - Sf. = sail frame - Wi = water intake - Ra. = rope attachment - Ap. = attachment points - TG. = turbo-generator - R = rope, including steel wire rope - Ps = power system - DS. = drive system. Sp = spring - Jo = joint - Frs. = frame system - Bo = bowser / water tower that stores water with head for generating power at some other time - TG = turbo-generator - Pu = pump - Pi = pipe - Wh. / be = wheel / bearing - Dif. = diffuser - lb. - = I-beam - Ho - Pi = Hose / pipe - SH = shaft - G / Va. - gate / valve - Cw. = counterweight - Frs. = frame system - ma = mast - H20 = water in or out. - Jo = joint - Sa = sail -

[0069] Buoyant structures and vehicles - HBB. = Modular buoyant block - Wi = wing - Na = nacelle - Hz. = herniating zones - Hzf. - herniation zone compression flap - FI. = flaps -Th. = thrust - Fr. = frame -Tu. = turret- Vt. = VTOL - Ta. = Tail - Hi = hinge - NAC = nacelle preferably able to close a door / flap that prevent an expanded bag from using this space thus potentially causing the craft to fall - VTOL = VTOL thrust - Rock = rocket - BM = buoyant module - TH = thrust - Tu = swivelling turret with thrust - VG = vortex generator - H20 = water or rainfall - B++ = max buoyancy - B+ medium buoyancy - B - low / minus buoyancy - B— lowest / very little buoyancy - B+ B- and B— could all be states of falling depending on the altitude and other sources of thrust.

[0070] PP = positive pressure chamber - Ki = kite - Wiki = wing kite / flap - TAC = tail cage - ET = earth tree / ETR = earth tree root - Win = wind - TAB = tail bag - Aip. = air pressure - AB - gas filled bag preferably hydrogen or helium - TR = trolley -

[0071] Dust - Du. = dust - Dt. = dust thruster - Pv. = solar pv - Ra. = rail - Dh. = dust highway - DC. = dust collector - Tf. = terraforming -

[0072] Renewables and machines - Pv = solar photovoltaics - TG = turbogenerator / hydraulic turbine - TEG = thermo-electric generator system including battery - WP = wind pump - LTTD = LTTD - Pi = piston and chamber - Pu = pulley - T-P = turbo-pump - Alt. = alternator - T-C = turbo-compressor - Bat = battery - Cr. = Crank and chain - Pu. = pump - reg. = regulator- Ve = vent - P. = pump - Ne = net -TP= turbo-pump - HX = heat exchanger - PAR = parylene - VAC = vacuum - Di = diffuser - WI = water intake - WE = water exit - H2o = fluid in or out - Cu = curtain - Hon = net sprayer hose - PM = para motor - REG = breathing regulator - TR = trolley - TS. = turning system - Wh = wheel - Ch / Cr = chain and crank - TC = turbo-compressor - TG = turbo generator - R.W = rope wheel - PV = pressure vessel - Fr. = Fresnel lens -

[0073] OTEC - Drawing page 9 - PI = platform - Be / AB = beacon / air bag - Wl(c)= Water intake cold - Wl(wa)= water intake warm - We(wa)= water exit warm - WE(c= water exit cold - SD = shore defence - B / Ba = Bag / bag anchor - Con = condenser - EV.= evaporator - Sub = submarine - Hu = hull - Foi. = hydrofoil -_CONS.DD.TD = Heat exchanger conduit system double decker / triple decker - Hx = heat exchanger - OTC. = OTEC platform OTEC unit cassette - OTS = single / standalone OTEC unit. - Cr = crane - Bo = bowser - TP = turbo-pump - Di = diffuser - H = hose - Ho = hose - VAC = vacuum pump - PAR = parylene or parylene coating / or parylene coating enabled - Wa = warm - C = cold - In = insulation - He = heater - Wei = water exit 1 - We 2 = water exit 2 - Wll= water intake 1 - WI2 - =water intake 2 -

[0074] Marine or land Buoyancy - Ballast and Anchors - - Cw. = clump weights - CM = catenary mooring - Ba= bag anchor - Bb. = bag ballast - Vb. = Variable ballast - PL =platform - Ve = vent or valve -

[0075] Elements - He = heat - Co = cold - Wi = wind -Wa. = waves -

[0076] Random things -Sh. = snow heater - Ve - vents - He. = heating element - Ha. handle. - Bu = button -_Ch. - Chimney - P.C.A = Person compressing air (at altitude) - Fr. = frame -

[0077] Consequential phenomenon and actions- Sk. = ski jump - Le. = ledge - PI. = porta ledge - BA. = bag anchor - De. = Deadman anchor - Gl. = glissading - Av. = person or thing in avalanche -Be. = belaying / climbing / rope soloing - Ct. = cut track - Ar. = ariel rope way - Cvs. = Crevasse / Crevasse crossing / rope soloing / rope soloing over a glacier - Rope soloing means a climber has no climbing partner they use an anchor and a belay system to make it possible to climb alone. - BIV. = the act of Bivvying by a person - Rf. = rock fall and a person protecting themselves with a bag from the falling debris.

[0078] Military - PI. - = plate - PA / MO = palls molle k- ME = military equipment - Can these be done without military - ?

[0079] Types of bags and their function - Drawing page 1 -4 la. A bag with at least one kind of robust attachment system and at least preferably at least one second bag that is a fluid container and a pressure vessel - the pressure vessel is held in the bag - - the attachment system is preferably webbing sewn on - but can be a cargo net or mesh or webbing grid structure that fits over the bag so as to be able to support greater loads - in any case the system can hold gasses, liquids and solids and can therefore perform a multitude of tasks that are described in this document. lb. So that a bag can be a climbing tool, a bag has an attachment system, and a sealable top and can be fitted with x y z to be full - when the bag is filled it can also provide 'flotation' due buoyancy or due to inverse segregation. The bag can be worn as a backpack or it can be towed when filled; it can be sat on, laid on, grabbed, held, or fallen onto.

[0080] Actions 1. climbing -2. abseiling - 3. belaying - 4. anchoring - 5. cutting tracks in snow - 6. cutting cornices - 7. causing controlled avalanches - 8. - rope soloing - 9. rope soloing on glaciers -

[0081] Functions - 1. impact protection 2. beacon - 3. shelter wall - 4. wall - 5. protective wall - 6. insulation - 7. a spacer between two sheets 8. a position from which a sheet can be raised and at least preferably fixed - 9. An avalanche air bag - 10 An anchor - 11. A source of buoyancy.

[0082] Types of bags - Drawing page 1 -4 l.b - ball bag - ball bag vest - ball bag seat - l.c - snowfa a snowfa is a portable air-filled sofa for sitting or lying on, the same thing can obviously be a shelter wall, a boulder mat, an AAB, BE, BA. and a CB. etc - It can be used anywhere, not just and it could float - Snowfa is just a name the snowfa preferably comprises ball bags or baglet in at least one inner bag with an As. that is at least preferably a climber's bag / anchorable bag etc. There are also preferably at least two inner bags that are held by a robust outer bag - these can be re- arranged for different ends per the description - Drawing 11 shows a snowfa with ball bags as an AAB and Be - l.d - a small climbers' bag - Id. - a large climber's bag (C.B.) with several more within it - le. any bag acting as a cam - anchor - float -wall - ...by virtue of the attachment system and what it can be filled with - If. bags as worn insulation or insulation to a thing - lg. a bag with a pocket or sleeve or attachment system for at least one of a foam sheets, a crumple zone, ballistic plate - this bag can be fixed or simply associated with a person or thing by using at least one of: an attachment system of the description, a PALS / MOLLE webbing system, a leash, a rope, by virtue of a verb, through implication of a verb and a sentence, (for example a person lies beside the bag.) - l.j - a baglet - a baglet with a sleeve - a baglet with a pouch - a baglet with as. and straps - a baglet with straps - a baglet with crumple zone - 1. k - rucksack - holdall - stuff sack - roll top - flight cover - bivvi bag - sleeping bag - shelter sheets - tent sheets - tarpaulin - clothes all fitted with the attachment system required for a. - fixing bags - b. fixing sheets. - c. fixing baglets- d.- for fixing sheet insulation such as foam - e. all may have sleeves or pockets that can fit bags and / or insulative sheets by design - lk - a bag with a collar - See Drawing 11 - a pull string with loops for a carabiner - a bag with a hood — 1 1 - a bag with a lid that fixes to the bag and at least preferably to at least one attachment system - this bag can use proper C-lock webbing buckles and or lashing / ratchet straps - the hood may have an attachment system to assist in fastening the lid.

[0083] 1M - a bag with webbing loops that essentially support at least one webbing belt that is essentially a climbing harness with a C-lock. and with gear loops for climbing equipment. More than one belt can be joined to each and to the bag - a webbing can pass over or under a bag and the same webbing can optionally pass through a collar. The collar very thoroughly seals the top of a bag.

[0084] Bags can be fitted with hoods, straps, zips, webbing, pull string, buckles, eyelets, to help make a seal, any known sealing system can be used, there is no special kind. The use of a roll top is an example. Novel kinds - a Pull string, or webbing with additional loops or holes near the base, that can be clamped so that the pull string cannot open. It could be clamped with a carabiner or not, or a strong webbing that also attached to the As. and webbing on the bag. The same may be achieve with other bags, for example backpack could be fitted with loops on the strap webbing and on webbing on the bag or a second webbing, that could then seal the lid and be fixed with a carabiner or a knot, or strong webbing, this strap may be use a c-lock buckle like a climbing harness, the same can be done with roll-tops.

[0085] 2- An anchorable shelter - Drawing pages 1-4 -

[0086] A shelter fitted with bags that can support loads can be anchored to the ground or to a cliff or to anything else. This can be achieved using at least one of, at least one of; at least one bag of the description as part of a shelter, climbing equipment, rope, chain, cable, hose, webbing, a weighted anchor, a climbing anchor of any kind, a buried anchor.

[0087] A weighted anchor can be made by filling a bag with an attachment system with any available local matter such as snow, rocks, earth etc. It could also be filled with equipment.

[0088] A shelter with a beacon - the same shelter can also be joined to a beacon, a beacon can be made by using at least one filled, preferably air-filled bag that is joined to a rope, webbing or at least one piece of climbing equipment. Beacons could arguably be made with other local matter or equipment and could be a / the weighted anchor themselves.

[0089] An avalanche shelter - by using air filled bags the shelter can float both in water and on snow in an avalanche due to inverse segregation.

[0090] A shelter that protects against impacts - what with the features and functions of the description the same shelter can provide protection from impacts. An insulative shelter - air filled bags provide insulation - they are also wind proof - depending on the arrangement a shelter can be surrounded by bags on all sides as part of the wall system or the roof system to be very insulative or it can only use a few. The shelter can also use heat reflective sheets, self-inflating mattress technology or insulative foam of any kind, to provide insulation. It can also be insulated by having many layers - unlike a normal tent - layers can be spaced with bags or baglet - this can be achieved with an attachment system that could simply be sheet pressure on either side of the bag or baglet, alternatively a webbing, pocket, or rope could be used.

[0091] A shelter that can provide a source of air -

[0092] Air bags can be attached to hose to provide air inside a shelter.

[0093] A self-standing tent-

[0094] The use of bags and an attachment system means that a shelter can be self-standing or use pegs and guy lines, or an Attachment system and bag anchors. Alternatively or in addition bags can be fitted with pocket slots, or sleeves, or webbing loops for poles in such a way as to create a sturdy single shelter column or help to make a more rigid tent or porta ledge - that can be any pole but preferably the Wizard pole -I shapes would work with pressure and or due to clamping the sheet; - L shapes - or inverted T shapes would help to make a self standing shelter - - or poles can be fitted at an angle with one end fixed down, the other poking the sheet up - the same slots would be useful for making any one of a stretcher - a raft - a shelter column - a blood waggon -

[0095] A multi size shelter - that can also be used to make passageways, corridors, main rooms bedroom, kitchens, and vestibules of all kinds.

[0096] What with a range of bags and sheets of different sizes and what with the attachment system a whole range of shelter types is possible!

[0097] A shelter that is a boulder mat a group of bags and sheet that are attached to each other can make a boulder mat. - the same thing can be a super-insulated quilt or roof.

[0098] A sleeve sheet -

[0099] A sleeve sheet is a folded sheet that is preferably sewn in two corners on the opposing side of the folded section- it can therefore be open on all three sides or it could be sewn on all sides it can be fitted with a door / skylight / pocket for additional insulation, if a side Is left open it can be fitted with a zip, a Sealy seal, nothing, a flap system, and webbing d flap system. An As. can be placed in the corner or the sheet or along one or more sides - at least one hole can allow webbing or rope to pass out. the hole can be close able - have a webbing reinforcing - have a flanged bush that clamps on the rope or webbing - there are preferably 4 to 8 of these. Sheet hole = S.h. - Sewn corner = Sc. - Sealy seal = Ss. - Sheet pocket / door / pocket for insulation bag or baglet = SL / D / SP - SS / zi / n / w = any one of Sealy seal, zip, nothing, webbing, or webbing loops. Nothing means no zip or Sealy just an open sheet, one sheet simply sits on the other due to gravity.

[0100] A porta-ledge - A porta-ledge can be made by placing the bags horizontally along a folded sheet that is preferably a sheet sleeve- webbing is passed through the attachment system on the bags - this can be down and around the bags and or along the length - the webbing can pass around the base of the sheet or through the top or through the sides this may permit a simple sheet - alternatively a sheet with a hold in the location of the bags can allow climbing grade webbing or rope to pass out of the sheet where water cannot get in - alternatively more complicated sheet could hold webbing or rope in sleeves or webbing loops - the same webbing loops could or could not hold weight as desired - thus either a sheet can hold the weight of a person and things or it cannot - instead the bags hold the weight. A simple porta ledge can allow a webbing to pass out through the sides or roof make the bags do all the work - it might be a wet porta-ledge, but it could have a sheet that passes over the top of any opening to crudely seal it and the sheet could hold a clampable flanged bush that passed over a rope or webbing to prevent water passing - by adding more bags, a wider ledge can be made - 2-1 - 3-2-1 -3 - etc. the bags can be braced with poles and rope and webbing - an As. or webbing in the sheet can fix the webbing to the sheet neatly - a sheet can be placed or fixed on top to make it more cosy the sheet can be a foam mat or a foam mat can fit in a sleeve on a sheet of bag - a rigid section can force the two sides of the shelter apart ensuring there is more room -

[0101] A pyramid shelter - Drawing page 11 -

[0102] This shelter uses bags at the sides of sheets - it use the sky-light door in the open position - a sheet with a skylight rests on some bags placed at its side - the sky light is opened - more bags are placed on the upper side of this sheet - and a second sheet with an open skylight is placed on that - and so on - the sheet the bags sit on act as a ledge for the higher up bags - the idea being that the sheets can be tethered or anchor to rope and anchors or guy lines and peg that this shelter would be tall, or super-insulated and have a skylight / fire place etc. - it would also be a convenient design for a raft in this case the lower sheet would be a sleeve -

[0103] 2b Shelter arrangements and essentials. Drawing pages 1-4 and drawing page 11

[0104] 2. a - 1 bag and sheet or bivvi bag - = bivvi - the bags can be inside the bivvi or sheet or next to it - with the bags on the outside -

[0105] 2.b. - 3 bags and a sheet = 1-2-man bivvi / small tent - 2.c. - 3 bags and two sheets = 2 layered bivvi or tent - with a vestibule -

[0106] 2.d. - 6 bags and 1 or 2 sheets = 2 person or more shelter - with two chambers and potentially a central hall / vestibule - that is suitable for cooking - 2e. - 6 + bags and 1-or more sheets - = larger tents either in area or height or both - 2.f - if sheets can be joined to each other any size shelter is possible - the use of a pole can make the bag supports more rigid and therefore suitable for more height and weight - 2.1 - buried air bags as Deadman anchors - if pulled up they become beacons - 2.2 - bags on inside of shelter that are also the climbing tool can join to an anchor outside the shelter - the shelter can therefore be anchored - 2.3 -

[0107] 2.4 - A slope porta ledge - a ledge, a shelter, a barrier, or ski jump that can be fixed on a slope - mat to make it flat - users lie on the matt / crevice - - the shelter can use more bags to make it loftier - see drawing page 11.

[0108] 2.5 -pockets on sheets for Baglet vortex generators and Baglet spacers -or these can be fixed with a rope or webbing that is fixed with a rope or by the tent page or into an as. on the sheet somewhere. - HHH. section where sheets touch bags preferably atop the baglets — notches on the bags prevent to much bag touching the sheet needlessly - this would stop water ingress where the material of the sheet touch the material of the bag and became soaking -

[0109] 2.6 - if a larger fly were placed over either 3 bags or a bivvi with 3 bags it would be a larger tent - and so on - the outer sheet can have normal tent features - the outer sheet can fit bags and sheets to be more insulated - the same large sheet could be a mess tent.

[0110] 2.7 ground sheet - that has an As. - ground sheet inside shelter - ground sheet is the HDPE and foam sheet - ground sheet footprint separates -ground sheet bucket like normal - a more sophisticated ground sheet with rubber sections for grip and protection - either whole piece or like a net - the base lets air pass - and is better for rougher terrain - and cliffs - place or sew the rubber through the webbing.

[0111] 2.8 ground sheet that has an As. and a pocket that would fit a person to be a sleeping bag or additional bivvi - that pocket can have a sleeve to fit more bags or baglets - 2.9 - the ground sheet can have pocket to store at least one sheet that is a fly sheet - 2.9a - a sheet with a skylight / door can be supported by bags to its sides so that the door / skylight is directly above - 2.b - 3.1e - a shelter can be a raft - it can use poles or poles of the description to make it stiffer -

[0112] 3..0 - Lashing arrangements and details - drawing pages 1-4 - Drawing page 11 - A rope, strap or webbing simply passes through a webbing that is fixed to a sheet or bag, at least preferably sewn - The strap, rope or webbing, can include a., Ca = Catch or Bu = buckle or any other method of fixing one end to the other such as knots. The use of loops and a mechanical device such as a Carabiner is also possible and can either pass through a webbing - loop- strap on another bag, sheet, or any other item and fix back to itself. Either a bag can be fitted with a fixed strap that is closable to be a webbing loop - or the webbing loop is closed, and a strap passes through the webbing loop. The webbing loop can be fixed to something at each end or one end. Fixed to a ground sheet or bag for example, or it can be an independent item such as a rope or strap akin to a lashing strap, backpack strap, climbing harness strap with C- / 0 buckle system - rope, etc. that can be fully removed from the webbing attachments system. Since the webbing attachment system is at least preferably useable for fixing climbing equipment such as a Karabiner or rope it is preferable the strap could be removed so that something else can neatly take its place. A webbing loop can hold any number of loops on it in any direction or hold something like a complete palls / molle system or a pals / Molle patch. This can allow a second webbing or strap to pass in different direction and can allow the addition of things as accessories as well as bags, baglets, or sheets such as backpack straps - handles - harness webbing - etc.

[0113] 1). Bags in sleeves or pockets - 2.) pressure - 3.) As. and straps 1. - bunched - 4). As and straps 2. around the base — 5.) As. and straps 3. - joined to a ground sheet with as. - 6.) joined to bag anchor - 7.) joined to beacon

[0114] 3.0a - Quilt poncho - sleeping or bivvi bag poncho - either in one piece or two or more - with pockets or sleeves or as. for bags, baglets or a foam or heat reflective insulation sheet - This item can be larger than a normal sleeping or bivvi bag to support a higher elevation - and it can have a ground sheet sold with it that is attachable or genuinely fixed to it that is a high hydrostatic head aspect -The sheet can have ordinary or novel insulation in baffles, pockets or sleeves - It can be wrapped around the waist or over the shoulders - it has straps - belts - and braces - or attachments for these - it can be a shelter roof - a shelter floor - if there is a 2 or more ply version it can be a 'tent' or bivvi - and then a bivvi with a sheet on top to be a tent with a vestibule. There is at least preferably a head space to be a poncho and so that it can be draped over the shoulder alternatively is it just wrapped around in any old fashioned like a blanket, but it can be strapped around the waist or toro or over the shoulders.

[0115] 3.0b - Air filled bags - including vac bags and a sheet with a pocket or in a sleeve or tube shape - as a in insulative roof - avalanche air bag filling - quilt - sleeping bag - poncho - Rug - blanket - can include insulative layer - rolled over to make a shelter wall - IW = insulative wall

[0116] A quantity of air is trapped inside a bag - it can also create loft for a shelter or create an air space - when a poncho is formed using the bag as many as 3 or more different kinds of air space can be formed - ASP. = Air space - Lo = Loft -

[0117] 3.1 Poncho shelter - and vest and pants system -air filled bags as insulation - Drawing pages 1-4 - Drawing page 11 -

[0118] Activity can dictate the desirability of breathability - 3. is anticipated to be of use to the relatively inactive or incapacitated user market. A non-breathable material can permit air flow with the inclusion of raised surfaces on the user side of the material - it can also include a material such as plastic mesh or a fleece material that is preferably synthetic - that traps heat and moisture and allows air flow as normal - such material may also be worn under the insulation - non breathable insulation can be raised variably so that it grossly insulates or prevents gross wind chill / heat loss but certainly permits an appropriate air flow and loss of heat such that the insulation does not even generate discomfort or heavy sweating. Per experiment it was found that an air- filled vac bag between a duvet's sheets was more comfortable than a blanket or warm sleeping bag as it did not overheat or cause sweating near to the body but did prevent gross air flow out and did warm up a little - a range of systems is envisaged that also achieve this effect in differing states of cold ness - a means of connecting up the aspects to form products is described -

[0119] 3.1 A Poncho with bags or baglets and vest to support as a super-insulative system - the same thing can be made into a sheet and bag shelter - 3.1 a - A Poncho with base that has a high hydrostatic head - for general insulation as a poncho and for creating an insulative shelter base - the insulation can at least preferably be added or removed - 3.1b - The base doubles as a removeable insulation vest - this aspect at least preferably includes at least one kind of insulative system from section 4. - that is foam insulation -

[0120] 3.1 c - bags can be joined to a vest - the vest of this section in particular, or to the poncho- for super insulation — a considerable amount of insulation can be provided, a. by the bag - and b. by air cavities created by the poncho c. by any additional source of insulation such as the aerogel foam - if breathability is a concern a breathable material can be placed between the user and the vest - a grid pattern can be made that reduces contact with the body the same thing can be webbing or a sling that is useful for at least one other purpose. The vest can be any shape - preferably if covers the front and sides or it only covers - the heart front and back - or the chest and abdomen or the latter and the ground and bottom - it can hang down to the knees - or down to the ground - patches can be joined together to make a range of shapes - the same can be work mats or insulative layers for clothes shelters and sleeping systems - or they are one-piece items -

[0121] 3.1 d - openings in the poncho allow for ropes to pass - and for the shelter to be erected yet for it to be possible to do work on rope or on the mountain from a position of shelter, for example placing an ice screw. How do you get into the 2 layered ponchos? through the work hole-? bags must pass through - the answer is there is a close able hole in the under sheet that is the work hole that also allows the head to pass through. - there is also the hood - perhaps with a draw string, or there is a door and zip. - work can be undertaken through the work hole or through the hood hole - both are close able preferably with a draw string - this mean the bags can be on the inside in poncho mod and shelter mode -

[0122] Section 4 Accessories and essentials - - drawing page 1-4 -

[0123] Plastic coated foam - at least preferably aerogel - for cushioning, insulation, and protection from impacts - though the foam is covered in plastic and is therefore not breathable - a layer or surface that permits air flow can be an aspect of the system - raised surfaces even if they are not breathable would permit air flow and trap heat-

[0124] 4.1 a -coated foam for shelters, ponchos, wetsuits, ground sheets - work mats - curtains - roofs - hoses - bags - etc. typically relatively large areas - the preferred process is to place form into HDPE and then to heat shrink it - This embodiment is fully sealed whereas 4.1b 2 includes a valve to control the amount of air inside the container. - 4.1.b -These sections act like insulative 'plasters' - in useful shapes or flat pieces of various sizes - finger shapes - toe shapes - mitten shapes for hands, legs, and feet including the soles and ankles - - 4.1c - the same foam can be used as filling for the bag to provide buoyancy or inverse segregation - 4.1b2 - the plastic cover is fitted with a valve to allow air to pass in the same way an inflatable mattress can be - to that end this embodiment includes the notion of wearable mattress technology that can also be used as a mattress by joining various aspects together to make a mattress these parts can have a bag or sleeve to hold them together - the same thing can be used to provide buoyancy or inverse segregation - Having lots of small bags lowers the risk of a puncture - so too to the Cz. and as. aspects as these are tough -

[0125] 4.1 c - Gloves - thimbles, thimblettes and insulative patches - - 'So that there is no seam' but so that moisture can travel - Drawing pages 1-4 - Drawing page 11 -

[0126] Seams and water absorbent materials are all wrong when it comes to cold and work weather and when there is work being undertaken that requires a high hydrostatic head, fluid freezes on the inside and outside and the seams collect ice - lack of seam would make a better glove -

[0127] Rubber gloves and rubber thimbles have no sewn seam - as for breathability dimples aka. a raised surface can permit moisture travel on the inside of the system - for further insulation add an aerogel layer to the outside of the 'thimble' in 'plasters' so that it is harder for the aerogel to take on any fluid at all - the plastic aspect of the plaster found preferably be heat shrunk HDPE - then add a further rubber glove layer or dimpled or non- dimpled thimble to the outside of the aerogel - or add a layer of another material if desired. This is a 1-2-3 layered glove with 2-3 different air spaces. - The inside glove may have some comfort material like polartec alpha or a more plastic material - could have a long wrist w. hose like passage into arm - finger thimble - mitten thimble - thimble into mitten -

[0128] The aim is to 1. prevent water ingress - 2. to prevent sweat from freezing - 3. to allow moist air to pass away from extremities -

[0129] Variations - for any body part -

[0130] 1. Different layers include: 1. rubber with dimples for moisture - 2. plastic coated aerogel - 3.a taped, glued, velcro or sticky - plaster shaped for any body part - 3.b. foam placed within pocket or mould with straps 3.c a second rubber layer on the outside -

[0131] 2. rubber layer - mixture of solid and foam aerogel -cord can go up through the middle between 1 and 3c. section 1. - at least one tendon that joins inner and outer rubber section that also holds the insulation in place - why? - layers can slip over each other the tendon or cord would prevent this.

[0132] 3. Variations - dimples - no dimples - dimples on all sides - dimples on inside and outside but not in the middle - dimples and no dimples - any variation - where there are no dimples have airloy or aerogel - or foam -

[0133] 4. last variation just a rubber glove or thimble with dimples on the inside - dimples on inside or outside

[0134] - two layers of thimble or glove with dimples on the inside and in the middle to create an insulative air space and with or without dimples on the outside - the middle area can have some material other than aerogel that has no opportunity for ingress such as slithers of HDPE. plastic or slices of rubber or epdm.

[0135] 5. The thimbles can be short for the fingertip - long for the whole finger - or the whole or part of a hand

[0136] - or the entire forearm - the glove can then include further material on the top of the hand, fingers, and wrist to be more insulative -

[0137] 6. solid moulded plastic fittings for parts of the body - act as insulative, crumple zones - these have straps or fit into pockets - c.z can be like cigar tin - w. a.g inside - or with some useful things like a bag or sugar -

[0138] 7. parts are replaceable - the insulation can be removed and thrown away and replaced swiftly - by simply adding a new sheet to a pocket or glove - this is possible by design -

[0139] 8. 2-layer rubber with dimples and channels could be used in any shape -not just gloves - these can fit straps or be fitted into sleeves or pockets.

[0140] 9. an ordinary glove - but with a rubber glove or thimble with or without insulation - on either or both the inside or outside -

[0141] 10. 1 layer of rubber with or without dimples - insulation can be fixed to this layer with strapping, straps, cords, tape, elastic, etc. -

[0142] 11. the same as 11 is possible with a 2 layered glove -

[0143] These can also act as a source of impact protection - the rubber dimples - the aerogel and the rubber itself can provide protection -

[0144] If epdm roofing membrane can be used or if rubber can be treated to have the same qualities, it would be good for exposure to naked flames -

[0145] 4.1 d - Bib - vest - work mat - bivvi pad - shelter, bvvi bag, quit or sleeping bag insert - general cover - Bib - legs and waist - fore and aft - work mat bivvi pad - shelter / bivvi bag or sleeping bag insulative insert - (Preferably engineering cloth) straps - plastic - foam - cloth on both sides - part - or all over -

[0146] 4.1e - scarf - cumber band - body harness - head scarf - vest - sleeve scarf for baglets - foam - possessions - can be made into a hat or can be wrapped around the body - or paced over the body to lower exposure - it can also be a webbing ladder and a porta ledge gutter - it can impact protection with baglets or foam - It can be long or short -Sc = Scarf - Cmb. = cumber band - This items can be as strong as rope or webbing and be taken off and fixed to a cliff to enable a person to climb down - this may be of use if leading when free climbing as an alternative to or as well as fixing the existing rope with climbing equipment to the wall - since it is lighter it may be easier to use and can act as a backup - a weaker second climber could also use it to climb up a difficult section - the insulation can be at least partly a section of rope or webbing in any desired shape -

[0147] 4.1f -foam held in a rigid crumple zone - or just a crumple zone that traps air as it is sealed -as a kind of body armour- fit able in any kind of shape to a person or thing - desirable examples include thimbles - mitten and toe shapes - top of hand shapes - limb or part of limb shapes - head shapes - part of head shapes - part of body shapes -bag and sheet shapes - bag and sheet pocket shapes - These crumple zones can be placed over or around items of the description and or other things in plurality when need be to provide insulation, impact protection and puncture resistance - 4.1g - Given the qualities that they have, the systems of section 4. can be fixed to a leash or strap that from the body or from a thing - they would provide insulation and protection from wind and impacts - 4.1h - the same rubber construction with dimples can be used to make socks and insoles -

[0148] 4.2 - Baglets -

[0149] A Small bag that can be used as insulation and / or as spacer for creating loft anywhere on the system including clothes, sleeping systems, sheets and bags, shoes, vests, gaiters, and gloves. The baglet can be attached by an attachments system, with a strap system, or be placed into a pocket, baffle, sleeve (that is a baffle), pouch. A stap system can fix a baglet to something with the inclusion of an attachment system on whatever the baglet is being fixed to. The baglet can have a sleeve or pocket for something and can be fitted with staps and webbing or some other attachment system - A whole range of equipment can be designed to include at least one baglet.

[0150] 4.1 -4.1b - baglet can at least partially be the same construction as self-inflating mattress -foam that draws in air through a valve as it expands.

[0151] 4.1c - arm band - foam mattress - tube - 4.2a These can also be used as the air bags that are the shelter wall and the avalanche air bag - they can also provide impact protection and can be fitted with crumple zones and more traditional insulation like foam - aerogel foam - fleece - honeycomb material - etc. - 4.2b baglet vest - baglet clothes - baglet pads - baglets in pockets - baglets strapped to the body or things - baglets in bags or in pouches that are strapped to things. - 4.3. baglet as bag filling for avalanches air bags, boulder matts, crash pads and general floatation - 4.4. baglet on a rope - a baglet like an arm band the rope passes through the hole in the middle. - 4.5 baglets to permit movement if buried - and baglets on a rope - to stop it freezing or being buried so that it might be more readily freed from being buried - wrapped in a coil on a roof and added to the roof and a beacon thereby being roof insulation and baglets on a beacon rope - or wrapped around a person on a rope and joined to a beacon - 4.6 baglets as shelter spacers and insulation in or on sheets - 4.7 baglets as cams -4.7 baglets that are a cloth bag that holds foam or some other form of insulation inside - these can also preferably be inflated -

[0152] 4.2b - Avalanche glove - Drawings 1-4 - Drawing page 11 -

[0153] A rigid glove worn by a buried user would ensure that they could move their hands - it could be worn in one hand only - this 'tube' glove can be long or short - the glove seeks to take advantage of the fact the person can move their fingers -What could they do? Here are some ideas - if a person can move their fingers and wrist, they could...

[0154] Press a button - activate a lever - pull a rope - pull a trigger - pull a piston - open or close a valve - rotate or twist the tube - pull the tube back and forth -

[0155] Therefore, a person can activate or open and close any one of - a manual piston pump - a heater - a motorised compressor - a (snow) drill - a fan - an electric air pump - a trigger system - a valve or button system - any of these can be part of a system that helps to create a channel or chamber, and / or, a system that can help to provide a person with more air - and / or a way of compressing or melting snow in such a way as to make self-rescue possible - they can also collect air and bring it to a person through a hose or pull on a section of wire or rope that created an air channel between the user and the beacon. If the tube is fitted with notches on the outside there could be used for - climbing - grating and compressing snow - cutting channels when buried or not - if a person can pull a trigger or rope, they could pull on the leash or some other rope between them and the bag as a beacon - this may help cut a channel to the surface as the moving rope will compress the snow around it as it tightens and relaxes - a drill or similar device could pull on the rope back and forth - or the rope could be in a loop so that it can pass in one direction, a drill or similar device could rotate the notches on the outside of the glove and or drive a fan or compressor - it could simply drill the snow with a suitably designed bit for maximum effect.

[0156] A trigger handle can support buttons and or be co-joined to a manual piston, or piston trigger - and / or a bicycle brake style trigger that helps to agitate the snow - and / or drive a manual air pump - the same trigger handle helps to provide purchase and grip when manually agitating and can be joined to the glove at both ends. The trigger handle itself could move back and forth and be joined to a piston pump, thus being able to pump air and agitate snow and provide a place for buttons - twisting the handle could lock it -

[0157] A hose can pass to the surface from the glove and / or the user and be joined to the beacon - the beacon can hold batteries - pumps - fans heater etc - heat and air - can pass to the user from the beacon -air and snow filters etc can be provided in the glove or in the bag - at the most a source of hot air would therefore only have to melt a portion of any quantity of snow within the hose - additional heat would create a second passage - a fan can drive air through the hose - so can a manual pump -

[0158] A valve, bag and hose system can release air from any bags that are joined to it - it could also re-inflate them so that they compress snow. If a person can press a button inside they can press the button of a diving regulator - a modified regulator can pass a hose to a user's face - small diving bottles can be pumped manually or automatically - thus a diving regulator can pressure vessel can be included as part of the glove system.

[0159] The trigger and button system could incorporate a battery powered hair dryer. A loop of hose can pass from the hair dryer to a range of destinations - 1. to the neck - 2. to the bag as a beacon (past the neck) - 3. the bag as a beacon and back to the neck - 4. to the beacon and back to the glove then back to the neck - 5. two hoses - one to the bag as a beacon and back to the glove and a second to the neck - 6. the fan sucks air from a rigid hose joined to the beacon and sends it to the neck -the air can be warmed by a heater in the beacon and or in the glove and may has past a snow filter or two if there was a snow filter and the end of the hose at the beacon end - snow would be unable to enter the hose - perhaps the flow of air could be optionally reversed in case it is clogged with snow- any of these with a valve, switch, or button to control where the warm air goes. - the same kind of thing can be down with warmed water in a closed loop - a section loop or air tight hose could be placed in a hose with holes in - the warm air would ensure the space inside the hose created an air channel

[0160] - inside and outside of the hose - ( To the neck - means to the upper body area / neck) - A button, switch, trigger, or piston pump could cause a quantity of water to be heated that passed in a loop to the beacon and back and to the user's neck or head. This process would cut an air passage. - The glove would also help prevent cold fingers and frostbite and it would provide insulation and would not permit water ingress. The glove can be used as an axe, ice axe or pick with the addition of a passage to allow an axe to pass or by fitted an axe head and shaft to it - the notches can be metal or some other hard material and so the glove can be used for 'dry-tooling' without axes - this may be useful in very cold weather -

[0161] Items of the glove and beacon- Battery - Kettle and a closed loop section of hose ( the hot water makes an air passageway and can be used to make hot drinks or provide heating normally - a hair dryer and filter - something like a hair dryer with a trigger and with the addition of a filter can draw in air - melt snow and provide a person with air - through a hose to a person's upper body preferably fixed inside jacket so no mouth piece to lose - The bag can be supplied with a manual piston pump - a pump sack - hose fittings - a hose -a rope - a metal wire, a webbing, or a rope leash around a bearing - climbing equipment etc. - add some elastic

[0162] - insulated carefully - pressure vessel - demand valve - mouthpiece - the demand valve can be hold in the avalanche glove so that air can be forced into an additional section of hose ( unlike a diving regulator) that simple forces air at the users face so they don't have to hold onto a regulator in their mouth, Experimentation can find the best combination.

[0163] 4,2c - The climber's bag as an avalanche air bag and as a beacon - Drawing page 1-4 - Drawing page 11 -

[0164] The beacon bag holds a leash - the leash can be at least one of, at least one of, - a hose - a rope - a webbing - a wire - a wire with notches - a rope with notches - a hose with notches - these are joined to a person - or to a bag or glove joined to the person - by manual - motorised or remote activation the system can - melt snow - send air to a user - create tracks and passages -

[0165] An aspect of the leash can be pulled by a rescuer this can cut a passage to a user - a rescuer can pump air to a user using any kind of pump - batteries and / pumps can be held by the victim and the rescuers can be held on the body of the user - or in a bag or in a glove / the glove of 4.2b -

[0166] The beacon may have a means of filtering snow from the hose entrance - it can have a filter - a heater - a rotating aspect - the hose can take air from the bag or from the outside if two hoses are used - the beacon or at least an aspect of the beacon could be emptied and filled to help move snow around -

[0167] 4.2 d- holding a bag to one's chest create an air space if it is deflated - a valve on the bag or on the glove can release the air through a hose to the user's neck, chest, or face, or to a mask or regulator - the bag can hold the rigid glove in a pocket or sleeve on the outside - this is also a good way to avoid putting hands into snow that leads to wet glove and cold fingers bag can be fitted with raised areas that can help create air passage around the bag and that can grate snow -

[0168] 4.2 e - a drill can be joined to: a snow digging bit - a compressor wheel bit - a wheel driving bit - a pump bit - a rope or wire driving bit - a drive train driving bit -

[0169] 4.2f - a heater and fan or air pump system can drive warm air into bags - this can either melt snow somewhat or it can be used as a clothe heater - clothes can be placed inside a vac bag - 4.2 f - alternatively a diffuser chimney aspect can be placed over a gas stove to pass heat through a hose into the clothe drying bags; air can pass out through a second valve and hose that avoids getting damp air inside the tent that could freeze because the hose passes to the outside of the tent - the same system as 4.2b to 4.2g - can pressurise a pressure vessel large enough for a person to create a pp chamber - it's possible this chamber is a bivvi or tent with the right covering or layer to the shelter that is at least partially air impermeable.

[0170] 4.2g - The battery of any electric system can be insulated with a ridged of soft cover - it can be charged with TEG or solar pv - or some other source of electricity including mains - The bag of this section can of course by used as a shelter wall and as worn insulation and as a climbing tool. 4.3 - Exposure - The air-filled bags can be used as a barrier to exposure - these can be fixed to a person or equipment - be worn - held - etc. - being like weight they are easy to carry and can be readily manipulated into a useful position - 4.4 - a Scarf - bag- vest insulation - also a bed - can use inflatable mattress technology - 4.5 - any cloth item - sleeve for vac bag (s) - bag can also hold fluid or be use as the clothe dryer or warm air store - central heating thing -

[0171] Section 5. -A frame system that can suit any application that comprises common parts such as straight lines and curves as well as some novel parts - Drawing page 5 and any other drawing -

[0172] 5.0 - A vehicle for carrying equipment across all types of terrain -

[0173] A frame system can use / be designed to incorporate all kinds of at least one of at least one of - Mountain bike technology -E-bike technology - EV. technology - Golf trolley technology - aeroplane and glider technology - squirrel suit technology - aerial drone technology - jet technology - wheels - skis - snowboards - a drive system -a shaft (and gear) system - a common shaft system - a gear system - at least one turning system - a compressor wheel - a turbo-compressor - a turbo-pump - a rope driving wheel - a battery system - an alternator / motor system - a wood burner - a water boiler - a cooker - a TEG system - a solar pv. system - a wind turbine - a hydraulic system for wind pumps and hydro power - a floatation system - a crane system - a lifting system -an ariel rope way system - an anchor system - a winch system - a variable diameter winch drum - or a range of winch drum sizes - a gear system - a pulley system - a para-motor - a wing for flight or semi-flight - a para-sail - a para-chute - blimp technology - a hang glider wing - a parachute - air bags - crumple zones - crumple frames - bags of the description - climbing equipment - heavy loads -a snowmobile track - a propeller or jet for driving in air or water (or land) - a human pedal system - at least one trailer - at least one trailer( with a protective frame) that supports at least one battery - roll bars - a seal-able habitable tube with valves that can fit to bags or a frame - a co2 scrubber - a universal shaft and attachment system that can join various parts.

[0174] Parts can be removed or added as desired -

[0175] A common drive system is possible - the drive system is similar to a bicycle or e-bicycle - only with the inclusion of an alternator that can charge a battery due to movement of the drive train or a wheel, and various sources of electricity - (at least preferably, a (front) crank system preferably drives a chain that drives a second crank system that drives an axle that can drive two wheels not one - either the single front crank or the axle or any one of the rear wheels can drive or be driven by other subsystems.) - This can be achieved with a suitable bearing and shaft fitting systems that lets thing fit securely with the axles or cranks or wheels of the system. Additional wheels or shafts such as a rope driving wheel, or a shaft or crank and chain system can join to a para-motor -

[0176] The drive train can therefore - be driven by electricity, a person, a rope, a moving fluid and at any one time produce: useful work - electricity, compressed air, heat, locomotion or itself or some other thing.

[0177] A rope with a load attached that has potential energy can fall and can therefore drive a wheel of the drive train and can therefore create electricity - or the rope can be driven to transport a person or thing or simply to power a second frame system somewhere else - the rope driving wheel can have a second wheel that helps keep the rope in place -it can have a frame and axle that can be varied in height somewhat to create tension - this system can be used as a ski-lift or ariel rope way - a falling body attached to the rope can drive a person or thing up and it could have spare power for other systems of the frame -

[0178] The drive train comprises - a crank or pulley wheel that can be driven by a person or motor - a chain - a second crank - at least one novel shaft that permit the addition of wheels - and drive wheels - a gear system - a brake system - The turbo-compressor and turbo-pump have a shaft modification that allow them to be joined to the drive train -

[0179] 5.0 (A) - A Ski-bike - (This bike can be a thing its own right) it is arguably just preferably or a separate embodiment that can do all - the same is also true of the lift system - the wheeled vehicles - and the flying and floating vehicles - and the special pole systems.

[0180] The fork that holds the wheels can be joined to skis - snowboards - bags - with a special binding for each - the binding for the ski and snowboard allow them to tilt - and at least one shaft joined to a steering wheel or steering handle bar, and / or foot placement system allow a person to use hands and / or feet to tilt the boards - the handle bar can tilt up and down and or left and right it can be locked - pressing on the foot plates can cause the board to tilt too. The at least preferable embodiment described here can use 2 snowboards or 2 skis or 2 or 4 snowboards or skis - any number of frames can be joined together to make a carriage system - the carriages can hold batteries and or another source of fuel - one board or ski might be possible but is not preferable.

[0181] Modifying the transmission with at least one of, at least one of: a crank - a bar - a chain - a shaft - a gear - can change how the system turns - go cart turning systems and / or the shaft system are anticipated to be able to tilt the ski or board and turn a wheel with little to no modification except changing from wheels to skis and undoing the shaft from the ski or board and joining it to the wheel system instead - a person skilled in the trade of go carts and or steering systems can advise - the frame structure can provide the necessary angles and bearings to make this all possible - the poles of the frame can be telescopic - and they can have bespoke shapes - poles and tubes can be locked together with pins or bolts - these are universal to the system. The ski or board binding has a T shaped aspect that is compatible with a bicycle fork, therefore a bicycle fork can be used in the wheel system can the ski bike system. The T shaped aspect fits with a bearing and (bearing) tube / shaft that is at right angles to it and that passes back to the rear binding if there is one and a further roller bearing joins with the foot plate.

[0182] Both front and rear bindings may or may not have a fork instead a different bearing may allow the frame to stretch and or to hinge or not. It can simply join to the shaft of the forks to the frame through a roller bearing. Also added to the board or ski binding is a second T or half T that permits a bar to join to the T - pulling up or pressing down on the handle tilts the ski - at least one crank and at least one chain may be an alternative a person skilled in the art of go-carts and their turning systems may advise. This embodiment of the vehicle is not intended to turn ski left and right so much as tilt them, other embodiments may be able to do this.

[0183] Along with the parameters of section 5. the frame shape can be designed so that it fits on ski-lifts of any kind - it has a U shape that can trap a T-bar or chair lift and a bar that can be placed onto an outer gondola ski-rack; a paramotor can be joined to the latter and used to create a snow-mobile or boat - as well as a road vehicle or flying vehicle - it can be electric, or gasoline powered - the drive train can be independent or joined by a shaft and gear system to the common drive train. A drill can be placed into the drive train to make it move - this could drive a vehicle - a rope - a pump - a compressor - thus the petrol ending of the para-motor could be used to create electricity or drive a rope system or it could be electrically driven even pedalled. The frame can be fitted to a wing or chute system of section 5.

[0184] Fluid from a wind pump - or flowing water can be sent into the turbo-of the turbo-compressor to compress air or charge the battery through the alternator - these sub-systems can be disengaged if desired - an axle with a spring and locking system and or a hole and pin system - a spring can enable the length of the shaft to change - such an axle can be universal to the sub-systems of the system to allow easy joining - so too can any supporting frame - it can be part of the wizard pole system.

[0185] 5.1 - A flying wing -_Sheets and bag can be joined to make a flying wing like a squirrel suit - rigidity can be added e.g. - by adding a pole or wizard pole to the fuselage - the wing itself can hold more than one parachute unlike a wing suit - and the user have two chutes as well - flaps or bags that control flaps or bags that can be variable in volume can provide steering - the bags can provide protection for impacts and crashes and can include crumple zones and shear off sheet of plastic that come off in event of landing to reduce the rate of deceleration and therefore the chance of injury - the system can be bendy to make steering possible - either the bag or the poles or both can bend -

[0186] 5.2 - The frame of 5.0 can also be joined to a wing - Whereas the frame of 5.1 is flexible albeit for a few poles -

[0187] 5.2 is essentially rigid with at least one bag for cushioning and impact protection - In any case, the wing system can be variable of stiffness using rigid or supple sheets - bags and other members - this wing can use mechanical force to move gears and rudders. Either 5.1 - 5.2 can use drone motors - tilting paramotors - or jets for velocity and vectoring -

[0188] 5.3 - the trolley of 5. is at least partially intended for the (new) OTEC market and the marine industry in general - a trolley that can help transport things: over a lagoon, from a boat to shore, or vice versa, over a river, across a beach. The trolley can be anchored with the bags of the description and use a crane arm and / or rope attachment system to create an ariel rope way - the trolley can have arms on it that hold bags like builders bags that hold folded hose - this is instead of hose reels - the poles can be lifted by workers like old fashioned caravan workers or the bags can be pulled along the ground preferably on rollers, a wheeled trolley or along at least one piece of HDPE geomembrane, the latter being low friction and low cost - the membrane slips over another membrane or a bag slips on the membrane - the trolley being anchorable and fitted with a winch and having wheels - skis - floating pontoons -etc - can be moved somewhere then be anchored to pull bags or hold a rope that can hold bags - trolleys would at least preferably work with one other trolley or set of bags that is also at least preferably anchored by weighted bags. One trolley can be on a boat or on one side of a riverside the other on the shore or on the other side of a river or lagoon etc. The trolley could also be a floating crane for lowering hoses - turbo-pumps - containers etc. Air filled bags of the description can be the floats - these preferably has an as. - these could be protected by a firm sheet. The same thing could be a type of boat that could use the para-motor - or a propeller could be fitted to the drive train. 6 - 6.2 - Unique features of the 'Climbers' avalanche air bag' in detail - Drawing page 1-4 and drawing page 11

[0189] Using at least one type of bag of the description; In this example two or more bags are held in a larger bag that has unique features that permit unique actions, and these smaller bags are air filled with at least one air filled container. The air-filled container is preferably an air-filled bag. The outer bag and the inner two or more bags both have at least one As. for attaching climbing equipment, sheets, other bags, or mats and any of the same may have additional pockets for bags, baglets, plates or crumple zones.

[0190] Actions - sitting up - semi-laying - grabbing - clutching - holding - as many positions psychology and circumstance would dictate.

[0191] Features - sleeves and handles - the sleeves can hold the avalanche glove that is a rigid section to allow hand to move if buried - a leash - a leash that can be pulled - an additional pocket for an additional bag creates raised area to help elevate the chest from the bag and therefore the ground and the snow; the same aspect can elevate a sheet in shelter made and can elevate the head and or back in snowfa mode - a preferable see- through hooded area that could also be useful for skydiving and for when the bag is used as worn insulation and when a person is travelling I blizzard or high winds - the hooded area may help to create an air space if buried. - At least one pouch or pocket that can hold at least one sheet. - Possibly the system can make use of foam and some rigid section as these can be shown to be useful.

[0192] The outer and inner bags can be incorporated into a shelter system to make at least one of: a bivvi bag, an insulated bivvi bag, a sleeping bag, a shelter wall, a shelter. With the addition of two more sheets or a sleeve sheet and a sheet a 2-ply shelter or a shelter and quilt could be made.

[0193] 6.3 Flow to use the Climbers bag in an avalanche -

[0194] Principle - keep head as high as possible - so preferably sit up on the bag facing upwards - feet into snow - like a rugby player - chest on the additional bag of the 6.2 - arms can hold handles or go into the sleeves, preferably with the avalanche glove inside, the feet can go into the ground and one can turn a little with feet pressure alterations in each foot. The bag can be provided with foot straps - that just allow the feet to touch the ground too.

[0195] 6.4 Flow to use the bag in an accident

[0196] A.

[0197] 1. With bag inflated - a sheet can be drawn over a person to make a shelter -

[0198] 2. the sheet can be a sleeve that is pulled over and around the person and bag -

[0199] 3. the sheet or bag can support poles to become a stretcher -

[0200] 4. the bag can support a ski or snowboard - as can be used as a sled - it may simply have a tough surface or a low friction surface such as HDPE geomembrane - so it can be ski stretcher - the sheet can be placed over the person or another thing can be such as the aerogel foam sheet or heat reflective sheet - the bag can probably absorb the shape of the bindings, so it won't cause discomfort

[0201] B. There is a question as to the shape of the bag - it could be bivi bag shaped or longer - it could be shorter and wider -

[0202] C. alternatively the inner bags are used to make any one of - the shelter - the stretcher - the sk-stretcher - by design the webbing or attachment system can join the bag neatly - with the use of poles it can be more rigid - since this arrangement is the same as the porta-ledge and slope shelter is not inconvenient - and either of these can used on flat ground as a low-profile shelter where the shelter is one bag high as opposed to 3 or 6 - etc.

[0203] D. Once arranged length way a bivvi bag could be place over any one of - the bags - the bags and the person - either the bags would support the poles - or the poles supported by the bags would protrude from the bivvi bag - ropes or webbing could also protrude - alternatively the bivvi bag has webbing as well and can support ropes, webbing, and poles.

[0204] 6.5 Backpack - bivvi - belay parka alternative - concept -

[0205] A bag can have a pull-out section that is the shelter base and an insulative vest - the head area of the vest can be removed to be a hat - and placing the hat onto the remainder of the vest, it can be a mattress or a cushion / insulation sheet for the roof.

[0206] By becoming a mattress, the sheet can also be a stretcher or hammock and the addition of poles can make it sturdier. The mattress would therefore at least preferably be able to support climbing equipment and or at least one rope with a webbing system. With bags for flotation and the addition of a sheet or sleeve system - this system can be a shelter or a raft. A removable skylight can make the systems easier to use.

[0207] Backpack sheet that supports bags and baglets -

[0208] A sheet that serves as a base. The base gives the bags something to be fixed to. The base can fold over, so the real length of this aspect can be 2 or 3 or 4 or more times longer than the length of the back section. This can mean that the straps are a convenient side and the backpack can be accessed - this aspect can hold cushioning / insulative material per the description and per goods already on the market - This area can be sealed with a zip - a webbing - flap etc. and can be a storage area when folded over - the storage area may hold the insulation - it can be stiffened with a unique stiffeners or with poles or tubes or ropes, that have other uses per the description - thus the back pack can be a stretcher -

[0209] 6.5 b - a ground sheet or backpack / backpack mat fold out mat system can support bags spaced apart or close together - this makes the creation of a space possible - here a person or things can reside including cooking equipment and chimneys, poles that can support the sheet - this space can be created or not as desired - straps and the as. can be used to determine whether there is a space or not - placing a sheet over this area can create a table surface and a means or controlling a pole or chimney. Ends of the space can be sealed with more bags -

[0210] 6.6 Boulder mat / avalanche air bag / backpack -

[0211] The same bag as the AAB. - SW. - BA. - CB. - etc can either individually or as a group be used as a boulder mat. More so if foam is included. The main point being the existing design is sufficient to be able to be a boulder mat or crash mat and an insulative igloo or shelter top and quilt / sleeping bag.

[0212] 6.7 zero ingress bivvi sack / sleeping bag /

[0213] 6.7a - simply a cloth bvvi bag or sleeping bag that can support a bag or baglet - and that can then at least preferably incorporate a second sheet to create loft between the two layers of sheet - the bag can also include foam - fleece or coated foam - either an attachment system or pocket or sleeve would be suitable - the two sheets can be separate - or be a single piece - i.e., a sleeping bag with a pocket or sleeve.

[0214] 6.7b the backpack with insulative vest that is also a shelter base system can be a sleeping bag / bivvi in its own right by being a sheet that is a sleeve or pocket large enough for person to fit into. This system would at least preferably also support bags or baglets and additional sheets to be more insulative - the system can be 2 or more layers outer being fully water resistant (plastic) the inner breathable (Gore-Tex) with the heat and moisture being trapped in the middle - holes can permit moisture release. The bags and baglet would join by being placed into a sleeve or pocket or by being fixed onto either a separate sheet that joins to the sleeping bag ( in the form of a quilt / blanket). That quilt can be the poncho / belay parka

[0215] I bag with sleeve or pocket (2-layered sheet) - large enough for bag for high loft - or baglet - can have head area - with a zip. -

[0216] 2. supporting bags can hold the bivvi up from the outside or inside using an as.

[0217] 6.7c - Ground sheet of H.H.H. sheet optionally with at least one as. that optionally has at least one large pocket for a person and or bags to be a sleeping bag or bivvi that optionally has a pocket to hold bags or baglets for extra insulation. The ground sheet can be placed on the inside of a shelter somewhat strangely - the advantage being it can be a bivvi or sleeping bag and it can have an as. fitted to it and that avoids having an As. other than a clamping effect of the sleeve sheet on the sheet. Jf the sheet has two pockets one for bags one for a person perhaps this can be zip-able to each other to make a large pocket. That makes this thing a ground sheet and as. for a larger shelter and or dry sleeping bag, or bivvi bag - or bivvi bag shelter - or an aspect of a larger shelter.

[0218] 6.8 A sheet and bag Quilt- sleeping bag - bivvi - tent - igloo -Drawing page 1-4 - Drawing page 11 -

[0219] Any of these can be or use sheets with pockets, attachment points or sleeves for bags or baglets to make an air space - preferably plastic for zero retention of moisture - there can be at least one small hole or a valve - or a inner layer than permit air to pass as usual -the system has at least one type of comfort cloth or towel that can be stored in a water tight pocket -several can be contained and use can be alternated - the sheet can have corrugated surfaces for trapping air and for rubbing snow -only one or two bags of either kind may be required to generate loft for the ideal amount of insulation though it if is very cold many can be used to make a kind of fabric igloo like aspect with all the qualities of sealed, wind proof, air loft - this system can be used to make an insulative roof on a Cabin too - sheet and bags arranged in this fashion can be insulation for buildings or vehicles, including open windows and doors, and draughty or damp walls -

[0220] The 'quilt' can be or be part of a 'boulder-mat' - the quilt can be the wings of the Wing bike or squirrel bike - or part of the modular system of the wing - a larger version of the same could be used as a source of weight or buoyancy, and insulation in industry - straps and attachment system on the bags and sheet help to make this possible.

[0221] Straps fitted to the sheet or bag or the attachment system can make this item wearable like a sarong - a towel - a poncho -a parka - rug or blanket - etc.

[0222] Ieloo shelter - co-ioinable with the quilt - simply add any number of bags to the top sheet at least preferably with the attachment system - at least one webbing or sleeve on the sheet and attachment system of the bags would be required - preferably add another sheet on top to make a bag sandwich -

[0223] 6.9 Positive pressure chambers -

[0224] By fully sealing a bag that can be climbed into it can be a positive pressure chamber - Fitted with a Sealy on the inside - and on the outside - so that either someone on the outside or inside can seal the bag - the seal be braced with a collar - the pressure of a person and the pressure of the air on a flap seal can create a seal - a flap can be placed into a pocket or sleeve and there can also be a zip) -

[0225] 6.9a - local matter and other equipment including foam can create the loft in the bags instead of air bags - additional rigid sections can mean that equipment bags can be accessed without affecting the structure as they create a bridge over an equipment bag that is changing in volume. The same rigid sections can have other uses such as stretcher poles.

[0226] Super insulated bvvi - HDPE with ag and aerogel - in a pocket - placed on top - can be the belay vest - place sheet and bags on top w with as. sleeve or pocket -

[0227] 6.9 d Snow Melter - camming bag - remote sensors -

[0228] A buried bag with snow as dead weight can be an anchor - the snow can be melted by the snow heater of the description - melting the snow would release the dead weight making the system a retrievable dead weight or buried anchor so long as a remote signal can trigger the heater - a person skilled in the trade of signals and communication system can advise on the best system - the same thing can be the heating aspect of the avalanche glove. It would be very useful if both things were the same thing and could be remotely trigger, with an sms - a remote signal - a radio signal etc. - A bag can be used as a CAM if it is placed behind rocks that trap it - a second rope could retrieve the bag - by pulling in the opposite direction -

[0229] 6.9e Wizard pole Drawing pages 1-5 and in theory at least all other drawings. A wizard pole is a set of preferably plastic metal or carbon fibre sections can be joined together to be a pole or staff and perform a range of activities. The pole can be used as a pole or staff. The parts of the pole can slot and be fastened together by design - The following are a non-exhaustive list of activities and unique features of at least a section of pole or of the pole as a whole.

[0230] - crevasse pole (for bridging a crevasse so that a person does not fall in and for probing for them or for building a bridge) - bear pole - Spear - staff - pole - probe - avalanche probe - spear fishing gun - tent pole angled or straight - chimney -fluid store - has a metal bit store and heat fluid. - this section can be covered with heavy insulation such as a plastic crumple zone with foam inside or revealed to be a snow Melter for any purpose including rescuing or finding a buried person it can have a drill like design — its metal and it's hot - clothe warmer in plastic thing - also for bears - digging holes in snow - looking for people - usb - TEG - an air pump or compressor - a pressure vessel, a regulator - a drive wheel and bearing - all that stuff - A battery - stove - gas - spark - set end on fire - store twigs paper and firelighters - TEG stove - spear or bill tip - saw tip - break into sections - snowboard / ski pugil - gun end - can fire shot - rock salt - buck shot - flares - squirt petrol or other liquid such as pepper spray or bear mace - flame thrower- shoot paintballs and paintballs with a flammable liquid - shoot BB bullets - per crocodile tanks flammable liquid can be used as part of a submission system for civilians and military it may also have industrial and agricultural and forestry uses such as saving time when making fires or setting a controlled fire in any circumstance - a fluid squirting system - an arrow shooter - an mobile phone holder - it can make a loud sound - what have you? - also for sharks - spear fishing - any feature a swiss army knife has only of a different size if preferred - a pole can shoot fireworks or flares - it can carry a periscope - a camera - it can carry a portable LTTD. system that includes solar magnification- each feature can be sold separately - and the parts can be used independently and used to make structures including providing rigidity to the shelters of the description. Should a unique feature be held by a section of pole an aspect of tubing can cover it and be removed - this aspect can be removed or joint to the pole elsewhere -

[0231] 6.9 e2 - Wp = wizard pole - Sections of tubing that be joined to each other by design to form any one of- ladder- stretcher - blood waggon braces - porta-ledge brace - stretcher brace - Camming pieces - a crane - a Deadman - a trolley - a sled - a novel ski-bike - a crevasse bridging pole or ladder or probe or avalanche probe - (CRVB) - The WP. can join by a rope to a person with the As. or webbing to any bag of the description.

[0232] Fixing - 1. - The end of each section has a protrusion (PT.) that can fit with another section - it also has a hole or matching slot with a hole (Ho.) that allows a bolt, webbing, or rope to pass through it fixing the two pieces together - the inside of the tube can be hollow to allow rope or webbing to pass through in order to provide strength and to fix it all together - a person can also fix themselves to this rope - the pole may have a flange or be a T or i beam shape on the inside or outside - 2. ) depending on the shape and direction of flanges and slots rotation of slotted tubes can cause them to be locked due to the shape of the slot on the other section -

[0233] - once locked a flange with a hole can be pinned with a rigid pin or with a webbing or rope -

[0234] The pole has a bungee, elastic rope or a webbing that can join to a person - In case of a fall the pole can absorb some of the fall force - the pole can stop cartwheeling -it can break a fall into a crevasse - A section can be a special section or a particular shape can be made for example a curve - and they can have special ends and unique inside of outside cavity - per 6.9e - a section can be a different length and strength to another or they be universal - The tubes can be placed into or onto bag and or be held on a rope.

[0235] These sections of pole can be joined to make up to make any of the vehicles of section 5 and section 12 and indeed any other section of the document - this can be simple frame to hold up a sheet or something relatively unique - -6.9f - Bags for stretching - for Yoga - Martial arts - ultra-marathon - sheet / matt for sitting or lying on - shelter in case of cold or user is lost or tired. - 6.9g - Column options - A bag or a plurality of bags can be a column - a bivvi bag or flight cover is an ideal sized bag and a bivvi bag is much the same size as the large climber's bag and AAB. they are at least preferably the same thing in this description— in any case one or more air filled bags can be joined with a pole to make a sturdier column - sheet can be placed over the top and bottom of the bag - to make a shelter - in having air filled bags inside as well as perhaps on the outside and perhaps with a 2ndsheet an insulative shelter that could provide air in case of burial or high altitude and inverse segregation is created - hoses can join to pressurised bags along with a compressor to provide pressurised air as well - the shelter would also have a beacon through which air could be supplied and any buried people found.

[0236] Section 7- novel features and minor alterations - Drawing pages 1 to 5 - and drawing page 11 - rocks can be placed in the bags instead of air - plastic vac bags can hold rocks to protect the outer bag - ironically - thus shelter can be an anchor point and a shelter - outer and inner sheet can be designed to make belaying or operating an aerial rope way that can include a compressor or alternator system straightforward - can be a fireplace / teg electricity system as well.

[0237] 7.1 - 7.1a - A cycle pump - can be used with legs or hands - drives a turbo-compressor or pump — the same cycle can be part of section 5. and 6.9 e - therefore this pedal system can be joined to an ariel rope way, that can compress air or generate power. The aerial rope way can also be used for: mountain rescue, for cutting tracks, by using it to pull a bag trough deep snow, by joining a shunt or the like to a rope and joining a bag preferably with a rope to it, for lifting things or lowering things and for compressing air and generating electricity even all at the same time - this could be done in teams one at the bottom and one at the top and snow filled bags with as. could be used as the weight.

[0238] 7.1 b - a piston pump with an elastic or spring system that pulls a piston down after a user has pulled it up - the use can fix the pump to their back and can pull a cord to pull the piston up - a rigid bar and bearing can make pulling the rope easier, the pump can store air in a bag or rigid pressure vessel.

[0239] 7.1 c - a pressure vessel with a two-way din valve or the like can mean that breathing can be done at the same time as pressurising - or two vessels can be used one storing air one being used for breathing.

[0240] 7. Id - any pump that can fill bags- 7.1e-The drill pump of 7.3m that can drive a pump or compressor by creation of a drill bit that can drive a pump or compressor wheel. - In any case Bags of the description can be pressurised with a compressor or pump and be fitted with a regulator so that the air is pressurised.

[0241] 7.2 - Miscellaneous -

[0242] A bivvi bag with straps would make a large bag - with webbing or an attachment system it can be a hammock or a stretcher - it could be the climbing bag / avalanche bag and the outer bag of a bag that is a blood waggon and or a bag that can be fitted with skis or snowboards - ports can allow skis, snowboards, ropes, and poles to pass - it could have a heat reflective inside, a low friction surface. Rather than fit a ski or snowboard the bag can hold onto poles that make it rigid and a replaceable low friction surface would act as ski - the same rigid pole attachment system can support poles to be a stretcher or a column.

[0243] 7.2-a. A bag being used as a column under a sheet can used a pole to stiffen it. - 7.2 b - simply an existing avalanche air bag design - that has a hose and valve that locks so the bag can be a shelter wall - 7.3c. A super sheet - A super sheet is a sheet that can hold loads - it has at least one attachment system of the description - it can be double layered and hold plastic coated aerogel - it can be folded to be a large bag - it can be fixed to bags - other sheets and other things. It may make an ideal porta ledge or slope ledge - as it can be fixed to climbing equipment itself and or to bags - it can also be filled with snow to make a ledge on a slope - it may also serve as an avalanche barrier.

[0244] 7.3d - an air bag that is stored in a canister, but the air bag is folded and pressed, and the air goes back into the canister - a valve locks the system shut - releasing the valve opens the bag again - alternative the air can be release and air can be pumped into the pressure vessel again - there are various small diving bottles that are the right size to do this and they can be pumped manually or with an electric pump. - 7.3e a trigger system for the bags - w. a pressure vessel that can store air in two port Din valve - or the like - 7.3f - Ski -pugil - a toy for Snowsports comprises a pole - preferably (all useful features of the wizard pole) with a bag at least one end - the pole and bags can provide inverse segregation and provide impact protect and can protect against falling into crevasse - the pole and bags can support a sheet to be a shelter or raft and can join to other bags and sheet per the universal attachment system. 7.3g - 7.3 h - A Snowboard or ski with foam or a bag fixed to its upper sides to stop snow build up in power this would stop the board being so heavy and could mean less athleticism would be required to leap from the powder it could also make the user faster. The foam may be glued or bolted to the bindings or by the binding and with a hole through the nose. -7.3 j - A drilled out snowboard could be lighter as it does not need all that material. 7.3j(2) if strength and pop became a problem with additional members for pop and strength can join to bindings and or the board - These member can be removed to be tele mark skis / snowshoes / skis with skin on - (for going on flat or up-) This avoids using a split board - 7.3j(3a) - either remove a part of the binding so that it fits on the ski or shoe instead - or 7.3j(3b) the ski has a primitive binding - or a good one - the binding could be stowable elsewhere. The strong section can be inherently ski shaped or it could have fitting that made it ski shaped - addition or subtraction of at least one elastic section of various kinds can change the degree of elasticity and flex - each of the skis and the board has a part of the binding the remainder can fit on each -7.3j(3c) in taking the binding from the board and by rotating the sections 90 degrees that part can immediately become a ski - parts could extend out or be added or removed to alter the form of either the board of ski as desired. The aim is to make a lighter snowboard - section of the board can be cut way and replaced with nothing or a lighter material - honeycomb structures can be used - the deflecting aspect might help to clear snow in deep power if it bends upward and or it can hold the foam that stops snow build up.

[0245] 7.3 k a bag with hole in can support a cooking system - and can trap heat - to make a kind of central heating system - ideal for porta ledge - it can be fitted with a chimney piece for extra safety -

[0246] 7.31 - Bags - baglets - crumple zones - pads - matt can be join to the hose of the avalanche glove and beacon - they could therefore be heated - so could a mask - or a mask and helmet that either used this hose way or it's own source of heat to melt snow around the face - the mask could have mouth piece and a filter that surrounded the mask but sat in a perforated frame so that snow could not get it but melted snow could fall away from the mouth - breathing would be possible either through the mouth piece or without it - to this end a kind of crumple zone pad that could be worn anywhere on the body could be made that could melt snow and or hold a heat passage for fluid that could be joined to the 'hairdryer' or 'kettle' of the description. The mask, helmets and pad may have their own power supply and heater, they could include a fan or not.

[0247] 7.3 m - If a hair dryer / compressor / drill - / were a combined to be the same thing or were combinable - the same thing as the avalanche glove could compress air for breathing at altitude or in case of burial or be used to fill bags - this is an aspect of the frame and trolley system that could also be worn and used independently. It could literally be handheld - or be part of the glove or be held in a pocket on a bag. This system could be charged with TEG or solar pv. or with the arial rope way, or frame system of 5. or the wizard pole of 6.9 e - the hose of the hair drying / drill / compressor could be joined to a bag or rigid pressure vessel with preferably at least one of at least one valve, switch, or check valve that was joined to breathing hose and or regulator.

[0248] The same thing could also have an attachment to the hose that let it circulate warm air inside a vac. bag to dry clothes and exit hose would let air escape out of the bag and preferably out of the shelter. The same warm air could melt snow in case of burial or be used in a retrievable snow dead-weight anchor bag. Alternatively, hose could be fitted to the bag and it could be closed, so, it would simply warm the bag and the air of the bag would be encouraged out of the bag through a second hose. Both hoses joining to valves in the modified vac bag. A shelter, bivvi bag, or modified vac bag can be fitted with a valve and this drill / compressor / heater could suck air in, a check valve could control when the air was released. The same thing could be used to fill the malleable pressure vessels and baglets of the description by joining this system to a valve or joining it to a hose and a valve.

[0249] 7.4 - Pump sack - for filling bags - with a check valve a filled bag can provide pressurised air to a user -

[0250] A vacuum bag can be used as a pump sack - once a quantity of air has been caught the Sealy is closed and a hose is joined to the valve. - the end is rolled over and air can be forced through the hose into something.

[0251] A modified vac bag like bag. The sealing clip of the vac bag is attached to a leash and it is larger -and the bag has at least an in valve and an out valve or a two-way valve. Air should be able to pass in through one valve and out through a preferably lockable check valve so that a positive pressure chamber or source of pressurised air can be made. - The bag is coated with a polyester mesh or is at least in some way joined to such a mesh - the bag can be sealed with a collar that makes a mechanical seal - the bag can have a second seal on the inside so someone can climb inside and seal it perhaps with a collar - if they pump air through the valves, they can create a positive pressure chamber. This could be possible with any kind of bag with the right valve and the same kind of sealing system.

[0252] The use of vac bags as pump sacks and as emergency AAB. bags, or shelter walls, clothe dryer, pp chamber, water store, bags to put rocks and other stuff in to protect the outer bag with the attachment system etc. if the inner bag of a pair of bags is sealed and is larger than the outside bag and both bags are sealed, it seems the inner bag does not open. If the outer bag had a collar this system would work but would probably never be preferable to a bag system with a more sensible valve.

[0253] A collar for vac bags and roll top bags.

[0254] Simply two sections of material clamped over the end of a vac bag or roll-top - it's not possible for the clamp to slip off the end so it clamps the bag - this has been shown to work - the clamps can be useful as cams for climbing - they could be used for fixing rope or webbing -a second type of clamp uses two sections of material with slots in them they pass over the end of the bag tightly and are then fixed to each other with bolts rope or webbing - this also seems to work. This clamp would make a positive pressure chamber using a vac. bag more possible and the ends could be clamped from inside the bag. A fabric or rubber gasket may be useful between the clamps and a bag.

[0255] A vac bag / seal bag / sleeve sheet. / bivvi - a sleeve sheet with a Sealy that was mechanically sealed could be a bivvi and a positive pressure chamber - if the seal could be closed from the inside or outside that would be best - the sheet holes could be fitted with check valves. The pocket can be fitted with air impermeable sheets. The pocket could cover the vast majority of the bag if not all of it. The same bag could be ideal for capturing a buoyant gas. That some air leaked out through the fabric could be ideal as it could then avoid check valves. If a person first filled an airtight bag that they firstly filled and that released air through a check valve into a sealed tent, the tent would fill rather than just letting the first quantity of pressurised air escape. webbing options - 7.4 a - 1 loop - b. - 2. loops - c. 3 loops - d. at least 1 loop on each side - e. webbing trough webbing - f. at least one webbing belt near identical to a climbing harness - g. - 2 layers of f - h - f or g on both sides - i. pass rope through series of webbing -j net - webbing on sheet - adjustable webbing - sleeves for holding weight to weigh down the sides - 7.4 k -any one of a-simple loop or carabiner - a shunt - a prussik can join to a rope and or a person thus a rope can move freely and be connected to a person. This means a person can weight themselves, or the rope, or both with the bag system with an as that is at least preferably at least a webbing that can joined to climbing equipment.

[0256] 7.5 - Climbers bag - as a tool for use in water and on land -

[0257] The same thing as section 6.2 can be attached to or separate from bag and is suitable for man overboard and lost at sea or simply for anyone travelling in any kind of body of water - This can include when a person is tired or lost having been doing a sport - fishing -spearfishing - kayaking - sailing - kite surfing etc. The bag can make a useful source of buoyancy and can be ideal for spearfishing and freediving as a marker buoy and because a rope can be tied to it and because it could hold a pressure vessel that holds air for breathing and a regulator -and a pump.

[0258] The system can be expanded on to become a raft - just as it does expand to be a larger shelter - or full-sized raft - depending on the number of bags - (and poles) -

[0259] 7.5 b -Using the bag(s) and sheets of the description a parachutist and per the features of 6.2 a - para-glider - wing suiter - or any other aerial individual can fix at least one air filled bag to themselves with the leash. The bag can be fitted with crumple zones and cushioning; in event of a chute falling, or any other form of imminent crash the bag can be placed in the way and crashed into. This can be achieved in the same the climber's bags can either by grabbing the handles or by pulling the second leash that brings the bag to the user. A single rope could be pulled to retrieve the bag if the non-bag end were knotted or in any other way too large to pass through a piece of equipment on a harness - the same can be pulled to bring the bag in the way of oncoming impacts.

[0260] Flying wing and bike variations are also possible that would have a bag attached to them as a source of proception - any system could include a crumple frame or a crumple zone in the form of a rectangular or other shaped box - the box is larger than the limb that rests on it and there may be several such boxes placed on to of each other. The crumple zone could have a wing like flange as a part of it that could also permit fold out wings - equipment could be attached to the boxes - or the bags could - bags could be inflated mid-flight using air from a pressure vessel or by capturing air with a diffuser and or a wind pump - that stores air in a pressure vessel or the bags and this can be controlled with valves, hoses and switches - pressurised air could be used to control flaps and rudders.

[0261] An example bag and sheet system -

[0262] 1 x large bag w. the leash and glissading features (and an avalanche glove) - 2 x (filled) climber's bags - 10 x baglets - 2 x ball bags - l x foam vest - l x insulative sheet - l x sleeve sheet with an outside pocket - l x sheet -10 x insulative patches including a work mat. - 3 x spare climbers' bags - a wizard pole - a backpack -

[0263] Here I have an AAB. - a bivvi bag - an anchorable snowfa - 5 climbing anchors - Up to 5 or more beacons, Up to 5 or more anchors, and a 3-climber bag tall shelter - a second bivvi - a shelter with a vestibule - a 5 bag high shelter - a man sixed column - a sleeping mat - a layer of insulation for a single or 2-ply shelter — I have an anchorable avalanche shelter with a beacon - or I have an AAB. and or a beacon or anchor -I could make an ariel ropeway - 1 might be able to compress air and use it for breathing at altitude or in case I am buried. I could rope solo up cliffs or abseil, and I would be protected from impacts by the bags and sheets. I have more insulation than a person could probably reasonably wear so I may well be able to survive in extreme cold. I have at least one, 'one bag high' shelter if not three- at least two, two bag high shelters, 1 x a three bag shelters and 2 x 1 bag shelter, and perhaps one more additional shelter - etc. - a super insulated bivvi (by attaching bags or baglets to the 1 x large bag w. the leash and glissading features.) - I have a porta-ledge and a slope porta ledge that can be insulated. I could make a ski-lift or a ski-jump and still have enough bags for a shelter.

[0264] I have the basis for a raft or squirrel bike - but I need a quilt assuming I do not have one - if I do have one it is made from the 1 x sheet - if this sheet were two layered, I would have one -as a one layered sheet this sheet would need an at least one as. or I could fold the sheet to trap insulation - alternatively, I could use the 1 x llarge bag with the leash as a sleeping bag or bivvi - if this zipped open I could have a quilt should he bag have a pocket or be two layered, or I could place bags within it for it to be a quilt. All this depends on the number of As. and where they are. At least preferably a sheet therefore has an As. in each corner and at least one As. in at lest one other location.

[0265] I would need the right poles to complete the squirrel bike and raft should I want extra rigidity, but I can definitely float on water. I might have a poncho to fix bags to or that is missing or wear over them and the vest. I might have a sleeping bag / ground sheet / bag attachment system - or a sleeping bag / matt / backpack - please include the possibility for a 1. sleeping bag / ground sheet / bag attachment system - or 2. sleeping bag / matt / back pack or 3. . sleeping bag / matt / backpack / and attachment system as possible variations based on the examples in the description and drawings. Either the 1 x large bag w. the glissade (and an avalanche glove) can also be a poncho or the 1 x sleeve sheet with an outside pocket can - either would simply require an opening for the head and waist or have straps that meant they could be wrapped around a person like a rug.

[0266] 7.6 - LTTD and solar mini - using a pair of pistons a hose and source of heat such as flame or solar rays. A piston like tube can hold water - it can also hold a magnifying glass and a metal plate on the opposing side. With the piston pulled the fluid in the tube can boil, more so if it is hot. The steam can pass into a second piston that can also pull a vacuum - the tube may use a small section of pipe or an incompressible hose to transfer the fluid this aspect can have a bend to make harder to mix the sections- the second chamber is cooler than the first so the water condensed - it can be cooled with water, snow, ice, shade or simply because it does not have a lens and metal aspect, this thing can be preferably be placed over a fire too, the lens can be removed, or it can be able to withstand the heat to a reasonable degree. Each end has at least one valve that can either be closed and locked to help pull a vacuum or be opened to force out air and or fluid or suck fluid in with a hose, pipe or conduit. The piston preferably pulls away from each other and are lockable, these may be joined to a pulley and means of locking the rope such as a shunt or the like.

[0267] 7.6 b - A larger version of 7.6 can has a sealable door so that it can be a portable toilet - or a portable water boiler - - the brick - filter - place on an outdoor stove - or include a magnifying system - or place on source of heat including an open fire - hand vacuum - condenser - a special furnace can also hold the brick - the brick lid is sucked down by the vacuum - that is also the toilet seat, and it can have a rubber gasket, a frame can let that system sit over a stove or fire - There is a metal area for magnifying on 7.6 and 7.6b. A lens that is part of the system can focus rays on this area. These toilets may be useful in the high-altitude Cabane of section 13.14. or they could be carried along with the user. If the toilet were lightweight it would make a reasonable filling for at least a part of at least one Avalanche air bag.

[0268] 76. c - the same system can replace the pistons with a turbo-compressor or vacuum pump or simply additional use either of these.

[0269] Section 8 -Remote sites - Off-grid power and water management - sources of power - heat - desalination - and central heating - Drawing page 6-

[0270] Can a Fresnel lens be used to heat metal that warms a vacuum chamber to boil water in the same way LTTD does, by creation of a vacuum and creating use of a contender with a cooler fluid g? Can it be used to heat metal to power a Thermo-electric generator -? Can both be done at once? Using the water in a vacuum on the cold side of the TEG system and the solar rays on the other - in being there it is warmed and that would improve the efficiency of the LTTD aspect. Water could be heated directly by the plate too. Could a lens be held in an insulated trough to prevent it from losing heat? - Could a system be free from using vacuum pumps and electricity to run the low-pressure boiling aspect, perhaps it could use pitons on a pulley -? — Fresnel lens = Fr.

[0271] A system is described in this section text and in the drawings that can do this. The only unknown is how much the TEG system would heat the water if both were used in conjunction - the water could be part of a pre heater instead. The value of LTTD including for toilets is that lowering the boiling point would mean that steam could pass from a lower level to a higher level and that less energy would be required to boil it, making boiling feasible economically. Any heating that is done could be a useful amount for baths and central heating for example. It would make use of ordinary gas burners and other hydrocarbons more productive and therefore viable.

[0272] A fuel burning teg and LTTD system that generates electricity and recycles wastewater and human waste in preferably separated compartments for objective and subjective reasons - the system can provide central heating and permits the use of a normal toilet and bath - also preferably creating a room that can be used to dry domestic or commercial things such as clothes or wood - a super-efficient off-grid house is described that runs on wood or solar energy, it can make bio-char, and dried wood, it can harvest rain water. Please take the term LTTD to mean low pressure boiling of water of any kind and not just desalination.

[0273] 8a. - Solar trough - TEG can be fixed under a metal sheet directly under the area that is heated by the sun ray or near it, a second plate can be placed on the lower side, this side is cooled by air or water - LTTD trough - both - conduits - pistons - Pulleys - valves - (electric or cycle vacuum pump / compressor instead of a piston can be driven by alternative energy / the frame system of 5. and 6.9e and be a part of those systems. The trough is insulated. The trough can have fluid pumps on the upper side and lower side and waste heat can be used to pre-heat other fluids, this fluid system can cool the top side of the trough by adding cool air and it can use the warm air in a pre-heater system. 8a2. - A toilet and wastewater boiler - preferably separate. - 8a.3. - The underside conduit aspect - this can be partitioned and be removeable - be joined to a vacuum system or to a fluid pump - 8a.4 - the trough can be tilted and turned - it can be turned on a kind of merry go round (as well) - 8a.5 - pistons with at least one valve - and with a conduit to the system a supply water and help create a vacuum and remove water. An additional sheet between the piston and tube aspect can help to create a seal. - the piston can be controlled with a rope and pulley and it can be locked - 8a.5b - alternatively to the pistons - a conduit with at least one valve / door that is sealed by a vacuum can pass water into the system. - 8a.4 - a fire or gas or electric system

[0274] - 8b - House - Cooker / arga - hot box - pipes / hoses - Toilet -sink bath - water waste - 'Boiler' - TEG - LTTD

[0275] - GAS - Fire - electricity - from car and batteries - hot room - insulated - underfloor heating - bags and sheet of roof - 8c - The hot box can be insulted and keeps hot water in the middle of a room - it can be connected via at least one of a valves, a pump a hose, or pipe way to the any water heaters and boilers. It can be covered to be a sofa - a bed - a seat - or a fireplace - with an additional fire on top or beneath or to the sides

[0276] 8d - Wood burner - water boiler - wastewater boiling using - low pressure boiling using a pump and a chamber where the water is, this can be manual or use power - TEG - different sections have a different heat. Fluid can be pumped or circulated over the cold teg side - The low-pressure boiler aspect can avoid TEG or not. -Air intake for fire - A port for gas or electric heaters. - A cooker version or fireplace version is also possible. Steam water can pass to any one of; at least one tank - a second vacuum tank - a hot box - a central heating system - the toilet water tank - a bath water tank - the chimney or back of the cooker can be covered in teg plates so can the sides or they can lie between the 'fire' and the water. Each aspect of the house that requires water can be separated yet water can flow to at least one common boiler - water that is more importantly been heated like toilet water might be given preferential treatment over the fire - large amounts of water like bath water would be used in the Low-pressure boiling section. In addition, or alternatively some water may be able to passes into at least one solar boiler system or 8. a. that was any one of TEG or low pressure only, in any case it would be boiled and returned to its chamber. A simple hand pump could be used to return the condensed water to the roof, it would be good exercise, this could be a cycle or a piston. Toilet water including human waste can be filtered or not - in any case it can be evaporated to ash. A casing or trough can hold the remaining and it can be opened and emptied.

[0277] Steam may be able to drive the fans and pumps required by generating useful work with a turbine - the chimney aspect may hold a water tank or heat exchanger - either a piston vacuum pump can be supplied with a pulley and valve - or an electric or useful work driven vacuum pump can be provided. The area where the cooker is can be sealed from the house in an insulated room - here clothes and things like wood can be dried - a door can open to the cellar where the heat would escape and would heat the underside of the house.

[0278] Note 1 - Bags and sheets could be tanks for water and provide roofing insulation. An ideal choice for coated foam here would-be using EPDM roofing membrane as that is compliant with fire regulations - Note 2 - LTTD means low temperature thermal desalination - whereas this is mainly water re-use - for sake of argument can LTTD mean using a vacuum? - This system can make brine for the next section by desalinating water. It can do so net positively. It could use waste warm water in the boiling aspect this could come from any source including wastewater from power or desalination plants or evaporation ponds or black pipes or greenhouses.

[0279] The trough system and many others can create brine, the brine can be used in the next section. Heated fluids can be used to boost OTEC or make it possible where OTEC is not normally viable. The tough can heat fluids. The trough might compliment a (cogeneration) power station or desalination plant and might also include black pipes, and black sheet covered evaporation ponds.

[0280] Section 9 -The brine economy - use of Brine as a means of producing a kind of hydroelectricitv at sea or on land - Drawing page 7 -

[0281] This system is also named 'the organic fusion reactor' the 'Brine gravity and diffusion system' or the 'B-G system'. Brine can fall through sea water - the falling motion can be captured to create electricity - there are very deep places in the sea - but creating brine tends to either produce or use far more electricity than it would produce as a gravity fuel. There are several options to improve the situation - a (wave or wind) pump could simply return the brine to the surface where it could then be used again. But there is one process that could be used to change how much energy brine could generate when compared with how much was used or created to generate it and that is diffusion. Compared with pumping fully saturated brine back to the surface with a wave pump much less energy would be required because all that is required is mixing of fluids and the 'free' process of diffusion, rather than lifting of fluids or if the fluid is lifted its mass per m3 is little more than seawater.

[0282] A system is described that uses a series of containers and towers to concentrate less dense brine at the surface with dense brine at the sea bottom. Diffusion is immune to gravity -I - Per maths calculations it can be shown it is possible to concentrate brine at the surface to within 99.999999 - % of the (fully concentrated) brine that was used to fall to generate electricity. From here or anywhere like it, only a small quantity of salt or over saturated / denser brine solution or some boiling would re-concentrate the brine to its maximum / original density and volume.

[0283] The same quantity of brine can fall again having required little power to fully restore the same concentration and volume as was created in the first place. The towers of the system are stroked like magnets and copper wires in an alternator in a constant process - each cycle of the system raises the concentration of the brine in the towers and therefore in the 'upper containers' - the same process obviously dilutes the brine in the lower container until an equilibrium is found. The system cycles over and a new higher mean density is achieved.

[0284] The ideal here is that a concentration gradient is a form of potential energy that can be used to help create a powerful electricity generation system. I am no battery expert but there must be remarkably similar parallels to this brine gravity system and a rechargeable battery.

[0285] Maths - 1. - (1200 + 1020 = 2220) 2. - (2220 / 2 = 1110) - 3. - (1110 + 1200 = 1310) - 4. 1310 / 2 = 1155 - and so on - these calculations assume equal portions and a 1 to 1 mixing. The brine never reaches 1200 again unless it is reduced, or salt is added but it can on paper get remarkably close. The remainder of this part of the description describes a system that can facilitate the re-concentration / concentration of a volume of water using a dense liquid -i.e., brine that has fallen and generated electricity in the process.

[0286] Process - Step 1 - Energy generation -

[0287] Option 1 falling containers - A cable and container system this system uses containers to hold brine, the brine pulls the container downward or falls down a rope to generate electricity - the same system can fetch deep- sea cold-water - a container system is described in - GB2523273 -as is a turbo-pump - a wave pump and the beginnings of a diffusion system, though there is little detail.

[0288] Option 2- hoses and bags

[0289] A hose passes brine or some other dense liquid downward - it either drives a turbo-pump or a turbo-generator -if a turbo-pump is used the pump fluid could be deep sea cold water and it can go back to the surface / the upper end of the system and drive a turbogenerator or generate useful work there. The dense liquid passes out through a diffuser and past a Y section and through a (gate) valve and into a bag. The Y joint has a gate valve in each section of the Y. When the bag is nearly full the Y section gate valve closes and opens to a different bag that is empty. These are called Turbine Bags as they are jointed to the turbo-aspect of the system. In theory this can mean a constant flow, there is no limit to the number of bags. Both bags preferably lay on a cliff, a ledge, or hang vertically so that they have head that can allow the dense liquid to pass from the turbine bags into the diffusion system through at least one hose or pipe, or conduit. The volume of this bag and the volume of the containers is at least preferably the same. The exit valve / conduit of each turbine bag is at least preferably larger than the inlet so that it can empty swiftly.

[0290] Process - Step 2 - Diffusion system Principle - regardless of whether hoses or containers are used. In the time it takes to fill the bag the diffusion system and other turbine bag(s) would have preferably- 1. transferred its contents across (and down) into the next container - 2. the last container dense liquid would have passed up into at least one conduit. 1 and 2 are at least preferably due to the moving membrane in every container with an openable and close able valve - 3. The Main hose valves would have closed and then opened - preferably due to hydraulic or a rope and lever actuated from higher up on the system - 4 container valves would have opened then closed using hydraulics and a switch against or a rope and lever and a kind of gate valve - 5. diffusion and mixing would have occurred at least preferably with the use of the turbo-pump. - Therefore, a turbine bag or bags must be tillable with a sufficient amount of brine for all of this to happen. Obviously the larger the bag compared to the flow rate of the power turbine hose the better.

[0291] A second example has 3 x y valves each with at least two valves that join to at least one set of containers - so there are 6 filling bags and a every 2 bags is joined to a set of containers say 5 in a row - so 15 containers in total and all of these are joined to at least 5 main hoses by hoses trough valves / vents. In this example a bag contents or the equivalent of a bags contents could have longer in the diffusion system.

[0292] Diffusion -

[0293] 1. Brine falls through a fluid of less density generating electricity - the obvious example of a less dense fluid is sea water. Brine falls into a container - then from the container to tower 1 - then from tower 1 to 2 - 2 to 3 and so on - this process occurs within the top containers as well.

[0294] 2. The brine of each tower mixes with the hose above it - mixing systems speed up the diffusion process and an unspecified quantity of brine can be pump to a non-specified region of the hose - further mixing the brine - the brine of the hose mixes with the top container of each hose - presumably, the hoses and upper container will start with a lower concentration than the fluid beneath it.

[0295] 3. As the containers are diffusing with the hoses, at least preferably the most concentrated brine is either boiled and reduced, partitioned or salt is added - at some point the most concentrated brine is transferred into the energy generation aspect of the system -

[0296] 4. Either brine of the least concentrated lower container can be released at the sea bottom - or it can travel into a conduit system - the conduit system is ideally a buoyant system where the least concentrated brine travels through the most concentrated hose therefore it is potentially buoyant - see diagrams -

[0297] 5. the brine travels up in any case.

[0298] 6. NB. a further hose on the outside is possible given the change in density and a wave pump or other alternative energy system could pump it up so a less dense brine could be pump up even on the outside - less dense brine could be very much less dense - nearly sea-water - 200kg / m3 lighter.

[0299] 7. In any case at least preferably the least concentrated brine moves up from the least concentrated lower container to the least concentrated upper container - once here the brine is gradually increased in density by passing it into the next container. Since that container sits above a more concentrated hose than the previous, the brine gains concentration.

[0300] 8. The hoses concentrate the brine in the upper containers until the last container that has reached near full concentration -

[0301] 9. full concentration can be achieved by adding (oversaturated) brine or salt or by reducing by boiling or with some other desalination method. The process can be alternated in order to regulated volume.

[0302] 10. A source of Brine or dense liquid - A salt, brine or dense liquid store, a dense fluid reduction system, and a fluid intake system is at least preferable.

[0303] Subtleties -

[0304] 1) The creation of brine can be net positive - for example solar boiling with section 8. - Combined Heat and Power - Cogeneration - nuclear power and waste heat - can all produce brine whilst producing heat and electricity - and there is often waste heat still available that could be used for the addition of Ittd. or the LTTD of section 8. - creation of brine can also be achieved with evaporation ponds and also with the use of solar rooms, greenhouses etc.

[0305] 2) The process can be approximately even of volume throughout the system as fluids are transferred into relatively equal volumes - some piston - spring or elastic loaded piston or other variable volume aspect may be useful due to temperature changes - these would also help prevent shock loading, Implosions or explosions from fluid moving around or loading of pumps if there was a volume anomaly, for example due to heating and cooling.

[0306] 3) The least concentrated brine is not sea water so has some useful amount of brine within it that is worth recycling, it can be brought up through the system or be pumped up directly at least to avoid environmentally harmful discharge.

[0307] 4) Pumping can be from renewable / alternative energy not from parasitic energy.

[0308] 5) The brine recycling system 'explodes' - Occasionally the system would require diluting or new brine towers and energy generation aspects would be required.

[0309] 6) What is the diffusion time -? can the process simply stay up to speed -? yes and no depending on parasitic energy use and addition of salt or boiling / reducing - the nature of the return conduit and the availability of renewable / alternative energy.

[0310] 7) as the containers are diffusing the membranes can travel back to their starting point - at the same time, the turbo-generation or falling container aspect would be filling a container with brine whilst another would have recently emptied - it is from this container that the system passes all brine from one container to the next including any container that passes brine into the power generation aspect.

[0311] 8) The up-brine (the least dense) up-conduit of section 32 passes directly through the menders / valves of the hose or through the mender / valve between a container and the hose - there is a hole in that section that allows the conduit to pass.

[0312] 9) should the least dense up brine drive a turbo-pump it can do this to help mix the brine when the menders / valves / gates between the container and the hose are close. When they open this aspect would have stopped so a different turbo-pump system would then be required, or a gate valve and Y joint could allow a different source of moving fluid to drive the same pump - wave or wind powered pumps would be a good choice.

[0313] 10) When too many containers are concentrated this is not a problem at all, some sea water or less dense brine is mixed / diffused with brine towards the rear of the upper container row. Now! - Rather than turning sea water into brine a brine creation system that can be net positive is turning that brine into more concentred brine saturated brine or even salt, , in a brine creating subsystem of the Brine gravity system; since the brine is already brine less energy is required to concentrate and therefore less energy is produced creating it thus, balancing out the amount of energy required / produced to produce brine and the amount of energy produced by brine gravity and diffusion.

[0314] 11) The system would probably start as though it were in ideal mid-flight with a range of ideal concentrations in the containers and hoses, or it can have a massive brine or salt store and simply add lots of salt and or brine and or reduce brine. As the system progressed less would have to be done to the brine to get it back to full concentration for example less salt would have to be added.

[0315] Tools and Principles -

[0316] 12) At least one gate valve, valve, vent, or saltshaker vent / valve in each brine tower / container prevents dense brine of the towers form pushing downward into the lower containers and beyond an inconvenient time- these can be controlled with ropes and levers or with some other known system such as hydraulics.

[0317] 13) The weight of the brine in the towers can be neutralised with buoyancy held in the hose coupling or mender.

[0318] 14) Mixing areas have a large surface area - such as the area between hoses and containers or between containers and containers -

[0319] 15) Turbo-pumps pump can transport fluid to mix brine -

[0320] 16) A turbo pump can send fluids to different parts of the system on both the turbo-and pump side. A mixing conduit joined to a pump (the turbo-pump) can use intelligent or passive exit valves or vents to released more concentrated brine into areas that are less dense due to head differences between pumping head pressure and gravity head pressure - a spring cannot open with pumping head but open in the case of gravity head as gravity head is larger- once that areas is mixed the valve would no longer open and the brine would travel upward until it was more dense and in going up further would generated enough gravity head to force the next valve open that is higher up in the hose - alternatively salinity sensor and electric switches would control the opening of valves -) Where does the brine or sea water of the turbo of the turbo-pump come from? Does it go down the outside of inside -? What of the volume of the hose? where does the driving fluid go -? The water that drives the turbine side of the turbo-pump can be sea-water or brine - if it's sea water it could be released or used in a closed or open loop - if it is brine it could be ejected into spare containers that were part of the diffusion system at any point on the system - these could be a =separate series of containers that were higher up on the hoses but had the same function as the lower containers or they could be beside the lower containers and joined to them with a conduit and valve these containers could have their own complete brine gravity and diffusion system ) Moving membranes pass brine from one container to the next through a conduit - both the moving membrane and conduit have a valve / gate valve. ) Roughly equal volumes can be passed in each container and there is no aspect that cannot keep up -) If the containers are angled or placed on a slope the brine on one side of the membrane can generate head relative to the other side of that container - this can be done on the top and bottom containers.

[0321] The head acts on the membrane forcing it down like a piston pump by releasing the valve on the membrane it can pass back through the container. There is at least preferably a gate valve between the turbine bags and the first container. The gate valve is preferably the same kind of open / closed system as a twisting saltshaker top - twisting the top opens or closes an opening. As you may know pushing a sheet sideways under water is far easier than lifting it up through the water. Presumably, the same principle applies to valve and doors and gates. ) The membrane is sealed in one direction and by un-doing the seal the membrane can return despite the presence of a volume of fluid - The membrane piston they can feasibly return to the loaded position using a one way valve - one way vent - or moving walls that permit fluid transfer through or around the membrane controllably - this system will need to be controlled by electricity - pneumatics - hydraulics, a rope, a rope on a lever or piston, buoyancy - more crude systems may be preferable if the system is in deep water. ) a drive system that requires energy - buoyancy or variable buoyancy can return the membrane to the loaded position -) a valve - vent - gate - lever- bar can control the release of the head in the containers -this is ideally held in the conduit between each container - this moving fluid may be able to drive an additional turbo-or turbo-pump system that aids mixing. ) The container cold be held on a flat surface as well / instead and energy be used to drive the membranes from the system or some other source -) Flexible membranes can be used - these are essentially sheeting with valve in. ) The use of other dense liquids is possible to increase power per m3 of liquid such as iodine or bromine, these fluids can also diffuse. Strong hoses may be required, these can be made using ropes and pvc. coated polyester the rope section can be covered by an additional sheet that holds a fluid. This can make the rope buoyant in air. This concept may be useful in the buoyant structures section. ) The container of the system can become more and more concentrated (unless they have been deliberately diluted) this may mean diffusion takes longer - and that the 'up-brine' becomes too concentrated. ) Spare containers at the side of every tower can be used to dilute or concentrate brine when it has become too much of one thing or another - for example when the brine in too many towers is becoming overly concentrated for the system to be deemed to be diffusing effectively, these may also have hose ways. It may be useful to dilute some towers and containers but not all. ) A person skilled in the trade of maths and chemistry may be able to find optimal sequences of concentrating and diluting given the number of towers of the system. ) In any case there would be an explosion or implosion or neither, of brine, depending on how the system was run. Brine can be transferred to new systems in an exploding system or be used as spare or be thrown away. If this is undesirable perhaps an imploding system could be created by failing to fully re concentrate the brine until it was useless, then it could be reconcentrated without exploding. 31) Day and night-time running may mean that the system can recharge overnight (passively) and be ready for the day.

[0322] 32) There are be any number of containers and towers and variations are possible for example 3 lower container x 10 - 3 x 10 towers but only 1 x 10 upper containers that are larger or where there is a large storage container such as an oil tanker or brine reservoir so as to ensure concentration of the middle hose - or 3 x 10 tower as well - but only 1 x power generation aspect. Each portion entering the system would have 3 times longer to diffuse. Also 3 lower container x 10 but only 10 hose but 3 x 10 upper containers.

[0323] A person skilled in maths and chemistry can advise as to the best solution. Certain arrangement may suit a particular site and its geographical and economical restraints over another that suits another site better etc.

[0324] 33) Sources of additional power - energy wave powered piston pumps - wave powered wafting levers - tiny floats or huge floats on wires with something that agitates the brine held on them - wind pumps - wind power - wave powered vertical or horizontal agitators - the hose and containers themselves could move up and down if they float due to wave height changes.

[0325] Pumps and such like can either pump fluid or be used to be or drive mixers anywhere on the system - the turbo-pump is anticipated to be the main source of mixing along with wind pumps and wave powered agitators - a wave powered pump would be useful.

[0326] 34) Local energy sources can be used in crude forms that can operate very effectively for a low cost including when there are only tiny amounts of energy to work with - for example beach balls even tennis ball sized air containers on a rope can ride up and down on a wavelet to pull a rope joined to a mixing device in a container or hose way; pulling on the rope would move whatever it was that were attached on the inside, this could be a ball, a box, a fluid filled bag, a disc, a bag, a sheet, a ridged sheet, a flat sheet, a round sheet, a special shaped thing, moving whatever shaped thing it is would agitate brine helping it to diffused. With no electricity generation aspect to the renewable energy aspect of the system this aspect of the system could be exceptionally low cost - of course the bags of this document can be the buoyancy of this example, one or many bags can be used. Another example: A wind pump can be smaller than a wind turbine and has no alternator expense. A wind pump can drive a turbo-pump to help mix the brines. A rope could pull a lever due to wave power; this could move a flat surface inside the hose or container that wafted a significant amount of fluid causing it to mix very thoroughly.

[0327] 35) 'Reverse buoyancy'- sea water would rise up throufih brine as it is less dense - can the least concentrated brine move up through the system net positively or simply with little or no energy use? - can it drive the fluid of the turb-pumps in the hoses - ?

[0328] The lower end conditions of the moving membrane system have head; this head can be greater than the least dense brine upward hose passage as the density here is greatest and the least dense brine is less dense in any case.

[0329] The hoses are more concentrated than the least dense brine but the least concentrated container at the top is of a similar concentration to the least dense lower brine.

[0330] Preferably therefore the least dense brine exits into concentrated brine - over concentrated brine or into one of a pair of bags into concentrated' brine so that the system here can keep a constant volume.

[0331] This brine then exits by emptying one bag and filling another so as to enable constancy and a constant volume in the container of the bags. Conduit system (A) or (Al) of the drawings. By releasing least concentrated brine into overconcentrated brine (O.B.) the least concentrated brine helps bring the OB. to a suitable density and saturation. However, this is also arguably a malpractice.

[0332] Of course, this brine could simply be released into the least dilute container or into the system this is a possibility that is arguably less preferable, but it is quite possible.

[0333] N.B. - A volume of bine will possibly be left in the hoses - the volume is ok - but what of the dilution -? It is a portion of even less dense brine from the previous round so that is fine. The head in this hose would simply need to be less than the head in up to all of the lower containers, it is certainly less dense so that should work - it passes up through denser brine and it can exit into denser brine - this too should mean that this aspect of the system works. - for sake of argument therefore let us assume this does work and therefore there is at least preferably a turbo-pump or turbogenerator at the end of this aspect of the system - It can help mix brine with the turbo-pump or it could generate electricity.

[0334] 36) Once in one or other or the pair of bags at the top of system 31, the least dilute brine is then passed into the least dilute top container in order and is then gradually passed across the top containers until it becomes the most concentrated. The ideal of this system including 31 and 32 including simply pumping the brine back up is that it is potentially traceless and explosive, but it can be controlled.

[0335] 37) Energy may be required here and there that is expected for example the moving the membrane of the container would either reduce the head by being buoyant or would require energy to move them back into position. The moving membrane of the least concentrated container requires a volume in any case as otherwise what would it fill with? Seawater or the brine through conduit system (B)- Thus the least concentrated brine of Conduit system (A) and (Al) is pulled from one bag whilst the other is filled.

[0336] 38) Cold water harvesting - various parts of the system can bring cold water to the surface - the least dense brine - the cold water of the emptied containers - and possible the fluid of the turbo-pump mixing system - or the least dense brine is simply brought up with a hose. - in any case it can be used for OTEC - SWAC - and hydrogen storage or for any other deep-sea cold-water application.

[0337] 39) alternatively, the thermal aspect can be carefully controlled using insulative sheets.

[0338] 40) Accident management - A pump or turbo pump could remove brine from an area and spread it out so that less harm is caused.

[0339] 41) The same kind of turbo-pump pump or pump can be used in deep-sea cold-water applications and can also be used for raising cold water for thermal-cooling and Co2 sequestration.

[0340] 42) All aspects of the system can be thoroughly thermally insulated to keep the contents of the system at a desired temperature and to prevent unwanted heating or cooling of the environment. Insulating the system could create a mean temperature that was neither as warm as the sea surface or as cold as the sea bottom.

[0341] 43) - A system that runs out - The system can be allowed to become less dense if it is desired, some of the step of the diffusion system would be omitted and instead brine or a lesser concentration would be used to fall until the system stopped.

[0342] 44) Wind pumps can transport fluid to or from the system - any renewable system can be back up by an electric system - gates and Y conduits or such like can alternate between the two.

[0343] Variations -

[0344] 45) A system can be held vertically rather than laying on the sea bottom- the system is the same only the containers are lined up vertically - the system can also lay on flat ground and use normal pumps and hydraulics to more the moving membranes.

[0345] 46) no membranes - valves - gate valves - in middle joint - ropes - levers etc - saltshaker levers - to stop hose head - in buoyant modules - along with mixers turbo-pumps etc.

[0346] 47) use slightly larger containers - to then reduce -

[0347] 48) The up-brine system that transport least dense brine upwards has variations - 1. -(A) = Least dense Conduit back up through one hose - 2. (Al) least dense brine through at least 2 hoses - 3. (A2) least dense brine through a conduit outside the diffusion towers.4. get rid of it - 5. store it somewhere -

[0348] 49) This system or a variation of it may be able to work on land or on another planet - or on the buoyant system of section 12.

[0349] 50) An on-land system - if a system can use conduit system (A) of the drawings it may be able to work on-land without simply pumping the brine back to the surface per Scottish hydroelectricity using conduit system (B)- That would be similar but not the same as Scottish -Hydro due to the density change because of the diffusion system. Though a wind pump could manage either system it would be more productive with a conduit system (A) or (Al) There are sources of salt in high places such as Bolivia where the salt already has potential energy - other planets may also have sources salts in high places. At least the system could be a 'store of energy' and use renewable energy to charge it. This system may be joinable to a buoyant structure and form the basis of later stage space elevator technology. 51) A system that uses the novel wind system of section 11 - a wind powered pump can help mix fluid or pump them.

[0350] 52) A system that passes fluid down though a two layered tube into an air filled hollow container with at least a pair of bags inside so that the head of the dense liquid is the same density as it is in air - the fluid passes into a second chamber past valves into a second pair of bags valves separate the bags and they can have head by being angled or held vertically -In order to make the situation easier rather than use air the brine passes into a chamber filled with gasoline, where the at least two turbine bags reside; with a density as little as 600kg / m3 the gasoline might be able to create a lower cost example of such a system as the gasoline is incompressible other low(er) density fluids can be used if they have a preferable price as they would not require a pressure vessel to the same extent. See - TP / TG UWASPG - on the diagram - USASPG is not a type - ASP = air space - GAS = gasoline -

[0351] 53) Air bubbles could be bubbled up through the towers and containers, a wind or wave pump could be used - allowing bubbles of compressed air as they would be with depth to rise up through the hoses would mix the brine without contaminating it. Snorkels or an exit hose / pipe air passage may let the air escape from the system. Compressed air can be releasing anywhere in the system by sending air through a pipe to a desired location within the brine gravity system from here is could rise up. It may be able to turn turbines and / or mixing systems as it does usefully, experimentation and further research can find the best solution.

[0352] 54) A turbo-pump can use a magnetic coupling so that the pump is one side of a hose and the turbine on the other.

[0353] 55) A turbo-pump can reside exclusively inside a hose way and it can pump with brine or sea water, the turbine exit could also be a form of mixing system as it would probably vent brine of a differing density. This brine exit can use the conduit and valve system of tools and principles, part 16.

[0354] 56) A system with upper containers that are held above hoses that extend out of water in air to create a greater head is also possible, just as an on-land system is.

[0355] Section 10 - Submerged platform - OTEC - Sea -ice - Sea-tree - mussel farm - wave pumps - etc. - Drawing page 9-

[0356] Bags and sheets can be used all over the OTEC industry. The most obvious being buoyancy, variable buoyancy, anchors, clumps weights, buoys, air lift bags, a means of supporting a rope system, insulative and protective coverings - protective walls - etc.

[0357] Re systems owns patents that describe a system for raising cold water in particular for use with OTEC. The following are an elaboration on existing IP. A modular platform that holds OTEC units has a common water supply that supplies the OTEC units. The advantage of the platform is that is does not lift water in air - the units can be easily accessed. It is free from sea surface height changes. This means a lower parasitic energy use and a much lower cost platform that can be mobile, part of a fleet of ships or independent. The patent also describes a small single unit and smaller platforms that can more easily be held on ships or taken to remote places. All sorts of features have not yet been disclosed there is some overlapping with existing UK And US patents, and some have not yet previously been disclosed or at least not in as much detail. a.- Bags can hold a platform up in water or in air they can also anchor one and mark its location. Wizard pole - the frame system and the bag and sheet system could make a lest one kind of habitable under water chamber - these could either be a positive pressure chamber or a pressure vessel - the same could be used in space or on anther planet or in a flying wing or buoyant structure of section 12. An underwater platform could be a Hotel, a Flat, a house, an office etc. - it could also be a power station or be used for Co2 sequestration or thermal cooling. a.2 - Deep sea cold water can convert Co2 by causing plankton blooms - deep sea cold water could also cool warm ocean currents that head to the poles - the warm ocean current is very warm in the summer and it is arguably clearly responsible for melting polar ice. A platform that pumps up deep ocean water with a turbo pump can use any of the system of the description to make its purpose possible. It could use a wave pump, or a wind powered pump to drive fluid into a turb-pump system - it could also use electricity or useful work created by a brine gravity system. The use of OTEC in the tropics can release cold sea water into warm ocean currents that head to the tropics. b. Pumping warm surface water down into the sea-cools it - this warm water can be cooled in the process - if it is still warmer than the sea where it is vented it can rise causing a kind of upwelling - removing the warm water from the surface can remove a quantity of warm water from the surface if it is vented in a lower cold region of the sea - this would decrease the amount of warm water heading to the poles. A turbo-pump system with a diffuser with a second diffuser - can vent either warm or cold water anywhere between the lowest and highest temperature in a body of water. This means that water can be released in mean temperatures or extreme ones. The second diffuser can vent the water in such a way that it either, forms a blob and rises or falls, it immediately 'vanishes' as it has been spread over a large area. This can be achieved using controllable vents with controllable angles. Limiting the number of vents that were open would cause a blob, opening many and producing a carefully directed spray (even though underwater) would thoroughly disperse the venting / exiting water. Thermal differences between vented fluids and surrounding temperatures may then cause vented fluids to rise or fall.

[0358] The same system can be used in OTEC to either exaggerate the degree of Co2 sequestration and or thermal cooling or hide it, or both. This would add an exceptionally large amount of additional available energy to OTEC as the warm surface and cold bottom could be less affected by waste discharge. Both warm and cold wastewater could be vented in regions of the sea that were the same temperature as they were. That means that unless you had quantified the volumes of each temperature in the sea - this water would vanish without a trace. In doing so it could make more warm and cold water available for use in OTEC. Alternatively, with a long diffuser cold water could be vented where it would cause plankton blooms if it was being used to drive the turbo-pump, or warm water could be vented where it was buoyant and pulled up nutrient rich water with it causing a plankton bloom -

[0359] An OTEC platform with a curtain or hose at the base of the waste warm water exit vents can control where this water is released. It could ensure the warm water intake was not contaminated and would also either allow or disallow other effects such as upwelling. The curtain can be a sheet, that can be rolled up like a stage curtain - it can be two layered and include insulation.

[0360] Should OTEC and use of deep-sea cold -water being to over effect the earth - the use of the additional venting system would dramatically reduce the effects the OTEC system were having on the sea-surface - other measures might include heating the water at the intake with the solar trough and then using it in such a way that it returned to the sea at the temperature it was taken out at. That would just leave the cold water being any kind of environmental concern - this concern would be that the oceans were running out of the coldest water and that would affect the ocean gyres.

[0361] A diffusion can be large or small and it can spray its contents at specific angles to encourage the greatest degree of mixing, or not. This exit diffuser may be a kind of ROV that can change its elevation in the sea - the hose it is joined to can be elasticated. The diffusion can be joined to the surface by and rope and be joined to an air lift bag or buoy. The same system could work with any deep-sea cold-water system including traditional OTEC system that use pipes, instead they would use hoses, curtains, or pipes, that vent water in a chose location.

[0362] For the same reasons as disclosed in this section the diffusion system would be insulated (or not) and along with the solar boiler and any other source of power, and the OTEC system, a thermo-regulation system for the planet that also produces electricity or useful work is essentially disclosed. The system can warm up or cool the ocean waters or reach a stalemate. c. - Bags that are able to change volume at least preferably with a hose can be used to 'Jack' a turbo-pump on the sea-bottom - they could also be used to support cables, hoses and ropes that pass along the sea bottom - an ideal fluid to fill them with would be water, and they would ideally join to a hose. - c. A turbo-pump can be made by 1. using a crank and chain, these may be ideal for exceptionally large turbo-pumps - 2. by using a bearing and shaft - 3. by using a magnetic coupling or gear - 4. by using a journal bearing. d. in order to prevent an unnecessary pressure drop a net on an intake can be placed over the entire turbo pump or over an exaggerated area on the OTEC platform - this will mean that the water being pulled into the intake will be able to move slower through the net as it has a large surface area. This may mean that things cling to it less too. Angled nets may also help prevent debris clinging- a hose with a water jet and diffuser or a hose end that is on a kind of rail may spray all areas of the net to keep it clean. The turbo-pump base may have a camera and light and may include any other useful sensors such as salinity and temperature.

[0363] Bags and sheets held on an OTEC platform can provide insulation and cushioning to the surfaces of the platform - they can also provide buoyancy or variable buoyancy. e. -1, cassettes OTEC unit preferably comprising all of the essential systems to run an OTEC system contained can slot into a cassette system - these can be readily retrieved - methods of retrieving include buoyancy - a care - a propulsions system - the cassette can be locked into place with a hydraulic pin - electric cord can be wound around a drum and an insulated contact point can transfer electricity across a moving surface - thus a drum can wind up the winding system can be motorised with electricity or hydraulics or use an elasticated drum that will wind back up. - alternative the cable is joined with an elastic partner rope that bunches it - the system can provide a space for the bunched rope to reside wen the system is in operation.- If a container is brought to the surface a buoyancy bag can be joined to the cable and or rope to prevent it from sinking or it can be joined to a rope and bag and be allowed to sink save for the bag - that resides at the surface - in being retrievable the cassettes are readily accesses and can be affordably maintained by a small crew. They do not need a large boat. 2, double and triple decker heat exchangers - There is plenty of vertical space for the platforms on and offshore - using this space may make OTEC for efficient be horizontal m2 - There is a minor problem with plumbing when it comes to the OTEC platform show - This can be resolved by partitioning a nozzle and sending what ever water is taken in down to the appropriate inlet on the heat exchanger it sits above of below - the same thing can be done horizontally - The only draw back is that the nozzle must share the intel with the heat exchanger below this can be made up for by increasing the height of the conduit. f. — turbine pumps in the nozzle section of the heat exchanger -turbine section in the main platform nozzle joint - these can be hydraulic driven - h. - the diffusers of this section can also disperse chlorinated water.

[0364] I. hose protection - a. - Surf hits beaches and the near shore and could damage a shore-based hose, and perhaps and offshore hose too -fluid motion and general sea activity may rob a hose of its coldness. Large hoses are self-insulating when compared with smaller ones, but do they have sufficient protection to with stand surf? - Most conveniently a hose, bag and sheet with an as. could be very usefully joined to each other to 1. provide at least one layer of insulation by creating a sealed space with a fluid that must be warmed - 2. by providing an additional form of insulation such as heat reflective sheet or a 2 layered sheet with a pocket of fluid. 3 by covering the hose with at least one cushion in the form or a bag or a fluid space 4. by provide a protective that that must be punctured or broken first 5. by creating a space between even a damaged sheet and the conduit hose within. 6. by providing a robust structure around the bags with a streamlined shaped that would be affected little by moving water. 7. With bags and sheet anchored and preferably filled with sand and or rock can provide a portable sea defence that could be used in any situation. 8. The bags could be anchored with rope as well. 9. the sheet over the top of any hose would at least preferably have curves that reduced the effect of the impact on the material, if could use baglets or foam to create and insulative cushion - the aerogel being sealed could be used in any depth of water and would still hold a tiny layer of air. 10. Additional bags can be placed on the ground to change the elevation profile of a slope. These can be fixed together and to at least one or a sheet, a rope, and additional anchor. 11. The sheets could be HDPE sheet or Ballistic nylon or both and these have an As. - these may hold a fluid space by being a sealed sleeve sheet. A smooth streamlined surface can be created that surrounds the hose; therefore, it is protected. This shore defence is portable and only requires local matter.

[0365] The bags from bags at side of hose - I b. sheet on top w the weighted sides - l.c. - bags and sheets fixed - Id. 2 seal layers of sheet for insulation - l.e. 1-2 layer of sheet with insulation in the middle - If. - sheets on rope - Ig. - sheet on rope from menders - bags can be filled with fluid or solid easier with at least some water - also add a layer of foam and layer of heavy matter - or tie it down - brine can be used - 'Vac bags' preferably with a collar and or roll-top bags with a collar and attachment system would be perfect for this application and would do it very neatly. It is thought that the vac bag (with a polyester mesh) would protect the outer bag from puncture from within. A collar would preferably be rubber coated to stop picture too - this is also useful for the outdoor aspect. j.- menders - mender with cable - use of ratchet straps - and climbing equipment - hoses with bag or cable - and sheet on top at shore - sides have pockets for weight or top can open up - turbo-pump shore - overflow - too much - too little - pump in the water- j2 - use of menders a rope - with a sheet on top to provide protection and insulation underwater by providing a trapped layer of fluid. - k. - single unit -jellyfish - buoyancy bags - k.2. - Land based two hose systems with head - OTEC head from heat exchangers or from bowser - swimming pool - L. - hose / turbo-pump / OTEC unit or platform installation - with a buoy anchor and pulley - using a buoy / air lift bag fixed to a rope and anchor and means of attaching a climbing equipment or a crude or advanced pulley system, for example with a webbing loop, a suitable location for a turbo-pump can be marked by lowering the anchors. By then attaching a rope to the pulley system and in some way joining it to any one of: a hose / a turbo-pump / an OTEC unit or (OTEC) platform, any of these can be pulled directly to the site in question. Depending on the length of the rope that is pulled, it could be pulled from the shore or by a boat. A second pulley and / or a winch system is an obvious at least preferable additional feature. - n. -Hydrogen storage - Rather than producing electricity an OTEC system drives a turbo-compressor - the compressor can compress air, or it could compress hydrogen. At least one other heat exchanger cools the compressed hydrogen. This system uses little to no electricity to cool and compress hydrogen. The system can grossly affect the hydrogen in a way that usually requires allot of energy. This process may be possible with any sea-water delivery system including the turbo-pump and with the brine-gravity system, and perhaps with the sail system of other sections. The OTEC system of this section, section n. means using warm and cold sea water to drive a heat engine that drives a turbo-compressor and not a turbo-expander-generator or a turbogenerator. q.- Parylene coated heat exchangers - It is anticipated that OTEC heat exchanger will be able to 'pull a vacuum' - in any case measures can be taken to make this possible such as by adding additional members to the shell or tube side of the Heat exchanger (HX.) Because the HX can pull a vacuum it can be parylene coated. Parylene can prevent corrosion fouling and will be able to withstand anti-biofouling methods such as chlorination. Once a vacuum is formed parylene is melted and boiled with a heater and it then covers the tubes. To this end the HX would require at least one inlet, a. for the parylene and b. for the vacuum pump. Alternatively, the parylene heat may be placed inside the HX. by means of a door / gate / valve. This method does not require for tubes to be coated independently, and it means that a long parylene coating machine is not required. This would make in-house coating more feasible. - U. - a turbo-pump floating crane using buoyancy preferably the bags of the description and the frame system or wizard pole - the buoyancy can be connected to at least one of: a winch, a rope, the turbo-pump and can therefore lower the turbo-pump using the buoyancy of the crane to lower the turbo-pump and hose - y. the platform and warm and cold-water venting systems can be used by any kind of OTEC plant including pipe and electric pump at base hose application. - z military - submarine - boats - mobile OTEC platforms - double hull - V. - Use of head and use of waste cold water - waste cold water can be used drive the turbo-pump - it is heavier than the warm surface water and so has head. Since the turbo-pump system uses a pair of hoses it is often possible for head to be roughly balanced in each hose give or take temperature differences. A turbo-pump can be used to raise warm or cold water - it can bring water onto shore.

[0366] W. Single OTEC units - these can be held on a rope and weighted bag; they can be held up by buoyant bags and they can be covered in bags and sheets to provide insulation and protection from impacts. - X - rather than bringing water into a single unit directly it can use a turbo-pump this can avoid vents and intake pulling the container in unwanted ways, making the system more stable. - Y - Intakes can be angles upward or downward to create thrust - or negate any unwanted movement -rather than using a normal pump the flow size is so large and the head is so low underwater that 'propeller pumps' can be used; these are also called wastewater pumps. These propeller pump can create a high flow rate in low head applications. They could be modified to use a hydraulic motor independently or in a group. - Z - boat platforms - a boat can use a single OTEC unit - or a submersible platform can have hulls that can be filled with air so that the platform can float - with retractable moorings and the ability to float an OTEC system would be suitable for shipping and a mobile Navy. - Z.2 - a bowser can hold a pump - a pressure relief valve - a flow meter - a hatch - it can be partitioned to allow water to pass in two directions without touching each other. Each partition can hold waste cold water or 'fresh cold water' - each head to or from their respective compartment on a platform preferably with the use of a hose for each -it is from the compartment that water is either passed into or out of the heat exchanger cassettes. These hoses can be covered with sheets to protect and insulate them - it can be joined by a hose of any length to a platform, the bowser can therefore be lifted to the surface, to be access and for maintenance - the bowser can have its own buoyancy - and insulation preferably with the use of bags and sheets, it can also have a buoy / beacon that is preferably a bag. Bags and sheets of the description can be used as variable buoyancy or static buoyancy. A piston can pass between two chambers or into a chamber of cold water to compensate for volume anomalies, alternatively the compartment is a portioned area that holds at lest one bag, holes in the partition permit unexpected volume changes, the bag can be insulated with bags, foam and sheet of the description.

[0367] Section 11 - Alternative wind power - Drawing page 10 - A sail system -

[0368] Old fashioned sailing ships such as barque wind jammers were immensely powerful. Could not a sailing system be used to generate power? What are the problems? how do you take off the power? - what kind of vessel is used? - A sail can be placed on frame that joins to ropes that are supported on towers in the same way ski- lifts are, albeit with a few modifications. Rather than using power the sail system drives wheels that rotate supported shafts with bearing, these can either rotate a pump or an alternator - if more than one pump or alternator is used it may be possible to generate power in more wind conditions that presently - it could operate in heavier and lighter winds by disengaging part of the system and letting water flow out generating less power in strong winds, or by channelling weak flows to a fewer number of turbo-generators that would then have a powerful flow. Diagrams show how this can be achieved.

[0369] Modern sails can tilt, and counterweights and foils are used. The system aims to combine foils with counterweights and large sails. There are several advantages for the rope system over a boat - if the system passes in a loop and is anchored, the system can be far studier than a single ship. There can be little of a vessel in the water, in fact the same system could be used on land, but it would still have foils. The system allows ropes to join to foils that then support a frame that supports a mast -There can be variations such as three foils and 1 mast and sail - there can be a joint between the foils with a bearing that allows the system to turn.

[0370] A small spring-loaded joint and or a rubber / compressible area in the wheel can cause compression allowing for a bit of movement in the system. - Alternatively, the entire lower wheel and shaft system can be spring and / or air piston loaded and or hydraulic and move if necessary. Ps = power system - DS. = drive system. Sp. = spring - Jo = joint - Frs. = frame system - Bo = bowser / water tower that stores water with head for generating power at some other time - TG = turbo-generator - Pu. = pump - Pi. = pipe - Wh. / be = wheel / bearing - Dif. = diffuser - lb. - = I-beam -

[0371] The idea allows for a very big sails and the system can preferably cover many km - the system is intended to work with ropes that are fixed to wheels - horizontally and vertically if the system does not ever turn sharply then the system can move somewhat in its bearing that will be sufficient for it to work properly - having many ropes means more power and more stability - it means that more drive shafts can accompany the moving wheels so that there are more power take off points. If fluid can pass into at least one turbogenerator (or at least two TG) with a conduit with gates and valves and into at least one conduit system that simply vents the water into the sea. The system can at least probably always produce the optimal and 'safe' amount of power. The system could work in high wind or low wind by taking allot of power, a little, or venting some of it this would man the optimal number of turbogenerators can be used and they will not be broken.

[0372] This system can drive a pump or turbo-pump that can be used in section 8. and it could be used on section 10 and 12- It can also use the bags and sheets of the description as anchors and clump weights. - these could be joined to I beams that are joined to the drive system. The system may not need any flex - the shallow turn may be sufficient, and the rope can tailor to have a specific stretch. Computers - hydraulics - and communication system can control the system. Motors - gears and bearings can control rotating and tilting of the mast - the mast can also move from one side of the foil to the other. The Ballast system would counter this moving by filling a bowser with water on the other side of the foil - these can be emptied and filled. This modern sail system is optional the sail may simply be able to rotate normally - the mast can extend beneath the foil platform and can be counterweighted like a keel. A Rope's weight can be counterweighted by buoyancy in the foil or buoyancy on the ropes. The word foil can also mean keel - the foils and keels may or may not provide hydrodynamic lift - the system may or may not have a rudder. The system is preferably run like an ROV - sensor of many kinds can provide either a computer or a user with information to make decisions and act on them.

[0373] 12 Flying wings - and floating structures - Drawing page 8 -

[0374] Since the bags can hold gas; bags that float in air are possible; hydrogen or helium are obvious choices of gas. These could be fixed to the ground to act as way points or these could be worn by a buried person since the bags are above the ground they would be easily seen, and they can have the qualities of the beacon bag - buoyant structures are also possible these could hold up things like the brine gravity system in water or air.

[0375] But there are other interesting applications too. Here are some.

[0376] 1. A structure that is buoyant in air, aka. a blimp with the same shape as a flying wing would have better resistance to wind moving it relative to the buoyancy for any given length and height because it is wider. It would also mean that the blimp could fly like an aeroplane. At least optionally the wing is anticipated to have ordinary aeroplane mechanisms, flaps rudders, vortex generators, etc. But bag flaps are a possibility, these would-be light weight if filled with a buoyant gas and can be covered by a sheet to be streamlined -

[0377] 2. In order to fulfil a number of requirements as are described in the document a Modular buoyant block is envisaged that would fulfil the demands of several different situations. -

[0378] 3. A group of (preferably) triangle shaped modular blocks can make a large tri-angle - each triangle can be joined to the next with a controllable joint. Triangular shapes seem to be ideal for creating shapes that suit flight and controlling flight -

[0379] 4. because of the arrangement of the modular block and its joints to other blocks the shape of group of blocks can change - (like a bird or manta ray -as a result when encountering opposing forces, the group of blocks may find a more efficient shape.

[0380] 5. folding for lift - are buoyant - can close for high speed -

[0381] 6. In order to provide thrust the wing can be fitted with jets or propellers that can rotate - these can be arranged in a Vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) configuration - examples include the harrier jump jet, the F35, and the osprey - perhaps dissimilarly the VTOL aspect can be independent of a horizontal thrust system or not - (since this system need not be as powerful as a jet VTOL system - a diagram shows how one could work - RAM and scram jets are also possible.

[0382] 7. By having a VTOL system in the wing tips should these be able to rotate the wing can move sideways.

[0383] 8. 'so that a tungsten carbide heat exchanger could be used as the skin of an ultra-high-speed vehicle, the use of buoyancy would help to neutralise the weight of the tungsten. The tungsten could be made of tubular or round section that allow heat exchange to occur making it possible to cool the skin - under the heat exchanger could be a second type of lighter heat resistant material and or the tungsten can be joined to the main fuselage.

[0384] 9. A wing can be fitted with a rotating turret - by rotating the turret then thrusting the wing can change direction.

[0385] 10. A 'wind turbine' can be used to store energy for systems including compressors.

[0386] 11. The wing can be fitted with nacelle that permit expansion of the buoyant gas inside the wing - this can permit a high altitude - the nacelle can close from withing to cause a rapid decrease in volume so as to enable loss of elevation. The use of a nacelle and tail may allow for a rigid skin that is better suited to flying like a normal plane.

[0387] 12. For extremely high altitude the wing can be fitted with a preferably retractable tail the tail is at least one balloon. The tail can be controlled with a cage that sits over its base. A wing can be fitted with a turbo-compressor and a pressure vessel - so that tail contents can be reduced and stored - The tail can provide a drogue like stabilising effect to the wing should it free-fall. It may be intentional to free-fall as a way of t flying by falling down then turning to travel horizontally. Interestingly letting out any compressed gas or simply returning to a lower altitude the wing can decelerate even go up again due to the main body's buoyancy - this could become a kind of amusement ride. - The wing may be able to launch rockets such as those used by Virgin Galactic. By compressing air to fall and plane across and then releasing it to be up and plane across a wing can travel across with out thrust it just compresses or releases the buoyant gas. In order for a second embodiment of the wing to achieve a high altitude that may permit the absence of a tail I to X even to double x - filled for ultra-high altitude. A third embodiment or visualisation of the wing comprises a plurality of preferably decreasing- streamlined bodies in a single frame -or each in a frame that is joined to the next at least preferably on a hinge system. A wing is fitted with a (positive pressure) chamber for human occupancy - this chamber can be luxurious - and it can include a garage for a vehicle at least preferably an embodiment of section 5. The vehicle of 5 may provide the power and drive train for at least one embodiment of the system. It can become the controls of the cock pit - thus the vehicle of 5. can become a long-range flying vehicle. The wing can have a kite for locomotion and or it can have kite flaps along the whole body - these can comprise expandable bags and sheets. These can be open or closed to catch wind and to control speed and direction - these will at least preferably be lined along the whole nose of the wing in a plurality of independent sections - the sheet can be ridged or flexible. - the wing can have a wind powered pump, normal wind turbine, or energy generating kite as well. It might be possible to engineer a wing to fly in the way that a bird does if it has the right joints, muscles, tendons bones etc. An aspect of the wing can be controlled with at least one of ropes, gears, chains, cranks, hydraulics, pneumatics, thrusters, vents, rudders, a person skilled in the trade can advise on the best solution etc. A (large) wing can transport (large amounts of) hydrogen - some of it would be compressed some of it would be buoyancy. Hydrogen can also power the engines. So that breathing at high altitude is possible the system has a turbo-compressor - this can be wind powered and it can use velocity to drive it. A company is envisaged that builds a relatively small number of modular blocks like Lego bricks - The blocks have buoyancy and a supporting structure they also hold buoyant gas at least preferably in a bag of the description the bags can be joined to at least one common compressor and pressure vessel with a spare amount of buoyant gas - These blocks can be used to make small or large structures for example anything from a gazebo - to a kind of cabin or sheltered patio to a flat or house these can be tethered to the ground using ropes and the bags of the description - or apartment block or flying vehicle, a structure for sightseeing or skydiving, a flying boat, a flying OTEC system or passenger or private aeroplane, to a high altitude platform for launching rockets and satellites to the ultimate curiosity that is a space elevator - When it comes to space elevators and shorter building like structures a system is envisaged that neutralises the weight of the ropes and other ancillary equipment with the buoyant blocks - this system can use the bags and sheet of the description including wizard pole. The system can expand with the use of the nacelles - the X system or with the tail system or joining the buoyant gas of several blocks through conduits. Instead of using a crawler the system uses an air or water filled hose as a conduit for a buoyant vehicle that also has a thrust engine if necessary. The fluid itself could be pumped in a closed or open loop to permit motion. Fluids can be transported into space through the conduits - the fluid can travel through hoses with rope inside so as to neutralise the weight of the rope - foam concrete blocks could also be neutralised using a fluid so unlike a normal space elevator this system includes at least one of, at least one of; a compression member -a tensile member - buoyancy - hydrostatic head - and anti-hydrostatic head systems such as, valves, vents, variable volume aspects and pumping systems, - there is also no crawler - if the jet and buoyancy system worked there would be no need for carbon nano tubes therefore the system is viable with present day technology perhaps with the exception of expense, public opinion, and desire etc. In order to bring the idea to the attention of people the modular block concept can allow people to have simple things that familiarise them with the idea - such as floating gazebos - tree-houses - cabins, flats and flying wings. These embodiments will enable profitable development of the technology. The structure can use jets or propellors to aid in supporting the structure as well using buoyant gas, these may work best in spaces - this could be supplied continuously with a fuel and they are actually fixed to the structure to lift it, preferably only a little. Using fluid to give the rope or concrete aspect of the system relative buoyancy is not absurd if the fluid is useful for example the fluid could be gasoline, or jet fuel. Water is vital for life so must be transported into space, so it could be beneficially passed through brine, the water could be transported into space to make an ice spaceship or space station or a block of ice that can be shot at Mars or the Moon. 29. b - an air-filled crawler replacement could pass up through gasoline, water or brine, a hydrogen filled crawler through air etc - an air filled into hose system would have a low hydrostatic head compared to water so may be best for a crawler-replacement conduit. If the air can be kept a constant pressure the hydrogen would not expand, propulsion system may be required as the effect of gravity weakened this could drive on the hose with wheels on the top and bottom when compared to a normal car this would create the necessary friction, or they could use some kind of thruster like a jet. Alternatively, the system would be in some kind of closed loop that drove fluid around in a loop, the crawler-replacement would be carried along with the moving fluid; the driving system of the closed loop could be anywhere on the system. Water could be made to float up through brine - or by heating it - a Xylem system is envisaged that controls this phenomenon through conduits, and impermeable or semi-permeable membranes, valve systems, and a plurality of hoses and bags and with the use of energy to control the density, end conditions can be controlled and sections of hose with gates and valves and weight neutralising buoyancy can regulate the system. - synthetic transpiration occurs if the water leaves the system it could be desalinated less dense brine so as to also create a denser liquid at the same time. This aspect of the technology could use a similar system to the B-G conduit system (A) - (Al) or (B)- Since hydrogen bonding cannot transport fluids into tall trees perhaps a relative density system is responsible for water transport in tall trees. By concentrating fluids toward the outside of a passage system a less dense fluid could pass up through or beside the tissues if they were somehow prevented from immediately reaching a new equilibrium with the less dense fluid. Transpiration may be responsible for the loss of water causing denser fluids to be created. Humans may be able to do the same with desalination, solar boiling etc. Air or gas can pass up trough Gasoline, oil, or jet fuel which can pass up through water, which can pass through brine. Plastic could then be made in space. The brine can pass down though a hose and the less dense brine can come up inside a hose within the denser hose. The densest brine would be on the outside of a plurality of hoses with the lightest on the inner side. Energy could be used or made along the way to keep the fluids of differing concentrations if necessary. Once a fluid was being sucked up it more fluid would more easily be drawn in. The denser brine can act as a driving fluid for a turbo-pump or a turbogenerator that drove a pump inside or outside of the hose system or it could drive the closed loop / inner fluid conduit of 29. A lower chamber in the sea with desalination systems associated with it create water, the turbo pump pump is in this chamber and it passes or helps to pass the fluid up, the denser brine drives the turbo of the turbo-pump and the brine collects beneath the water. Notel - A 'bag' at the bottom of the inner tube holds lighter fluid on the inside - when it is full by desalinating the brine that surrounds it, this brine is also held in bag pumps from higher up in the system that created the brine that falls down the outside drive the brine with electric and gravity head down - it may well be the case that without an additional force it could not drive down enough because there is not enough brine to pump up - - so with the use of power it drives the brine down and that pushes the inner bag closed pushing the less dense fluid up - then that bags desalinates more water and fills up again - it might also take on some salts and minerals deliberately for use at the top. Note 2. Since the hose extends all the way into space does it need to pump at all from the base? - Note 1 would be more useful is the system used many gates and rockets and blimps and fluid filled hoses with ropes inside - it's also a feasible semi-permeable membrane that can create pure water but also take on salts and minerals and it could create hydrogen and oxygen, perhaps Co2 or the like could be created somehow to create a denser gas. Co2 could be made by burning the gasoline and trapping the gas. This would make air buoyant. Note 3 - presumably, the top end conditions are favourable / nearly favourable at some point the lighter fluid is pumped up and the denser liquid falls / is pumped down. Note 4 - this system is good as it is otherwise sealed, and it could work in seawater and a buoyant module could travel up along with the fluid. Solar boilers like leaves that create electricity, heat, and a range of fluids of differing densities are envisaged. The system of this section can extend from the sea, where it can access water and salts and of course hydrogen and oxygen. At some point the salts may be converted into a dry crystal to make a compression member, this member may be like the bark on the outside of a tree, hoses that hold dried salts and minerals could be the bark in question. A special choice of salts and mineral may help to make a stronger crystal. The same mineral may be used to make an ideal material for the ice- spaceships, bags, and sheets with as. may hold the thing together. A spaceship with a salty outside and a less dense inside could be created using this concept, humans might better be able to spend long durations in space if they lived in water as the density would help stimulate the limbs. This aspect of the system could be a recreational park where people exercised or lived, air chambers could be used for sleeping and working. A spinning vessel inside a craft may be able to create gravity through acceleration. Foam concrete pillars with holes or pipes inside them may store and transport at least one kind of fluid, they could also be made buoyant by being held in a fluid chamber themselves, conduits and valves could pass things around with energy use. The buoyant block can support space stations - and useful items - including bag and sheet space stations and these could be semi-buoyant. The structure can support renewable energy systems including kites, wind turbines, wind pumps, and PV or Fresnel solar panels of section 8 on the side etc. A large pumping system that uses a series of massive blocks to pump the fluid against the hydrostatic head is envisaged - gates such as those used in the brine gravity diffusion system can be used - expanding piston or bag aspects can also help if the weight of them is managed with buoyancy or thrust or they are acting on compression member and the tension of the ropes. A space elevator with thrust may not need to be so long as a traditional system - but they could be - traditional systems use a dead weight on a rope approximately 60,000 km from earth - the first 30,000 km is affected by Earth's gravity thereafter things are anticipated to travel away from the earth due to centrifugal forces - Perhaps when a large number of modular blocks and ropes were at 30 or 40 km in elevation they could then be towed into space on a cable - bars on the side of the rocket could hold the cable so that it did not get burnt - Perhaps simply neutralising the weight of an aspect of the elevator with a rocket is less energy intensive than accelerating the same weight into space - much would depend on how often the system was used - if it were frequent then probably so - depending on definitions. The blimp can had a high density polymer and or carbon fibre exo-skin and structural frame. The skin can just be section of sheeting placed into sheet or the actual skin body is the polymer and or carbon fibre - this can include the nacelles - for sake of an argument a wing can be buoyant or simply a lighter structure than it would otherwise have been. The larger the wing the more likely it is to be buoyant. When joining modular blocks, sides of the blocks can be removed, or a lighter material can replace a material that has become needlessly heavy or essentially pointless in being joined to another container. hydrogen or helium can firstly be stored in balloons joined to a valve and hose or pipe system - and secondly be surrounded by a preferably at least one of Carbon fibre and HDPE frame and exo-skin the exo-skin can trap hydrogen - the skin can be in parts of the wing such as the at least a part of the top and sides or cover the whole wing- an air pump and compressor or some other device may be able to capture the lost gas - exceptionally large wings may be able to even support a high melting point material such as tungsten carbide exo-skin heat exchanger for extremely high speeds - 38. Alternatively, the wing is essentially a hydrogen or helium tank that is so large it is buoyant when filled with a buoyant gas.

[0388] 39. Fireproof sheets and fire doors can be a part of exceptionally large containers these can assist in permitting high speeds by preventing melting. A mixture of hydrogen and helium can be used to make the hydrogen less flammable or the hydrogen can be stored in containers that are far away from people and where the quantity is not critical for buoyancy so much as simply useful for gaining extra elevation. A fan or pumping system or valve could jettison the hydrogen in case of emergency

[0389] - tanks with parachutes could drop the hydrogen if it were such a large volume it would be worth saving -

[0390] 40. Limbs and skin made from twin wall HDPE pipe could make an excellent structure that could also trap gas and may be useful for creating joints and all the while working as a conduit for fluids. A sheet on either side of a pipe would create an air cavity that could also trap gas.

[0391] Theory of monsoon water management -

[0392] 41. A buoyancy modular block could hold water - and it could be anchored to the ground using the bags of the description and these could be tied to ropes and other anchors. - the bags and sheets could be arranged to create an anchored reservoir and a reservoir on the roof - somewhere in the middle or at the base. - thus, the system can hold water - holding onto water could prevent monsoon damage and deaths.

[0393] 42. The same thing could be a shed - a gazebo - a house - a flat - an office - a stable -etc. - The system could be a power station or a solar or wind farm - Solar Pv. panels or Fresnel lenses could be held on the side.

[0394] 43. Collected water could be used for hydropower or be stored in a reservoir - though the rain is seasonal

[0395] - the power could be useful in managing the quantities of water when it was raining. A turbo-pump water pump could channel some water to pump other water usefully and take advantage of the head created by the blocks -

[0396] Elevator for Armstrong desalination

[0397] 44. otec or another power source makes hydrogen with electrolysis of water - the hydrogen can be used to lift water up past the Armstrong limit where the water would boil. Water Steam would pass into a chamber that was either pressurised or brought below the arm strong limit - it would then be used to fall generating hydroelectricity with 40 km of head - or it could pull a container downwards - since this is possible it could also be used to pull water up in a second container or pump water up with a turbo-pump - the brine could also be used to fall to create useful work - At least some of the hydrogen used to lift the water could be compressed or burned at altitude to make power - it can be give a sufficient amount of air- or the hydrogen can be stored and taken elsewhere - including into space.

[0398] 45. The down water could be part of a water works that can transport water great distances -

[0399] 46. Rope and buoyant block towers could be placed side by side to make larger buildings - these could be sturdier by being joined to each other - a flat in the middle section of the system might be more stable than a flat at the top that sat at the top or a shorter system -if the top of the were extremely high it would be higher than much of earth's main wind currents. So, to be sure a sturdy tower is possible.

[0400] 47. This system makes the point that equal quantities of water or brine can negate the weight of each other this can be done at any height and this makes sanitation etc. more feasible. This system could also use a turbo-pump to use falling water to drive water up -

[0401] Trapping lost gas and light weight structures for general use.

[0402] If gas does pass out through a sheet a second layer to the sheet (flexible or rigid) could be liquid filled -gas bubbles would be trapped in the second layer and would be visible - the gas could be re-captured with a valve connection and hose - the bag could be turned over so that it escapes bag into the bag it came from - bags could be rotated automatically with a machine - haha. -2. a wing or tank can use a membrane such as HDPE geo-membrane to line bags and sheet - 3. another option may include a layer of bubble wrap - the hydrogen would displace the air in the bubbles - 4. a multi-layered sheet can trap gas between at least 2 layers of sheeting this gas could be captured and returned to a pressure vessel when it became concentrated with the buoyant gas. 5. Joints and skin of a tank / wing including HDPE can be filled with bubbles that create a kind of bird bone - the bird bone helps create a large surface area - gas is bubbled through a vat of molten plastic that is then caused to solidify trapping the gas - the hydrogen could become trapped in the bone over time or by bubbling with hydrogen or helium in the first place. -6. - Alternatively, something like ping pong balls, are covered in molten plastic - The something like a ping pong ball may be heat treated so that they don't melt because of the molten plastic. 7. Columns of at least one of bubble wrap - poly styrene - low density PU foam - ping pong balls - perforated Aerogel - pyrogel or airloy sheets, are placed in a vat -and molten plastic is poured onto - a composite is formed when the plastic solidifies - perforations or the shape of the column allow the plastic to touch from any one side of the column to the other making a honeycomb and or for a rope or strong bar to pass through later. This material may make an excellent form of crumple zone, A.A.B or insulation - a composite can be made that included ropes, sheets, and hollow or filled tubes with high tensile strength and / or fire and heat resistance - a melting vat can include ping pong balls and a bubbling system so that the plastic that surrounded the ping pong balls was also bubbled and therefore lighter weight and could trap gas - an entire wing or tank could be made from this material - or just the skin or main frames. Aerogel - pyrogel or airloy may be a good way to trap hydrogen on a container or wing skin and all the while adding strength and fire resistance.

[0403] A similar kind of sheet to these would be ideal for buoyant gasses and for creating positive pressure chambers.

[0404] Drawing page 11- shows the avalanche glove and beacon / climber bag in detail. The point of this drawing is to show the unity of the invention and the various parts - it also shows an air-filled bag can be a baglet or an air bag / ball bag and that these are two different things. The drawing also shows some webbing options. - Dr = drill - Fa = fan - He = heater - Ho = hose - Bu = button -Tr = trigger- Asp = air space - It also show as porta- ledge on a slope and ski-jump and some methods of binding sheet and flaps - also a pyramid shelter pyramid shelter (= P.S.) - Ve / bu. = velcro or buttons - Wl. = webbing loop - a sheet can be fixed to itself or another sheet in the same way a C-lock harness does - the only difference is that a webbing is used instead of metal section - and the sheet is used instead of a webbing belt - the system can lock sheets together - BB = ball bag, a ball bag is essentially an inflatable ball perhaps with a stronger valve with a mechanical seal - The BB. can be 2 half balls joined together, as such they can make a seat. The ball bag can be used as the air-filled bag that creates a shelter wall or Avalanche air bag. REG = regulator - Bu = button - Hoi = hose 1 - Ho2 = hose 2 - Pv = pressure vessel - Ve / Bu = velcro or button or Sealy seal - SI = sheet 1 - S2 = sheet 2 - Sheet one and 2 can be different sides of the same sheet or sleeve sheet or 2 different sheets - BP. = ballistic plate - SLP = slope porta ledge - Va. = valve - W = webbing - Asp = air space - Ho = hose - BG = Baglet - SW = shelter wall - zzz = a person swimming in water with an AAB / BB / SW / BE / CB / B - these bags can have BP fitted in a pocket - zzz2 = a person in water in a bag or sheet or bivvi bag that is joined with 2 x AAB / BB / SW / BE / CB / B — zzz2 is showing a person who is lost or tired or resting - zzz. is showing more like a person who is swimming, and they are tied to a rope or leash -

[0405] Other related inventions. A series of hose ways on mountain sides can provide air and water to people and high altitude there can be accessed by an air fountain that comprises at least one pressure vessel, a valve and breathing regulator - this can be held on the mountain using the bags and frames of the description - at least one regulator can be fixed to the pressure vessel - the hoses can be long enough to reach people a distance away from the fountain - the regulators can have a cushion and be on an elasticated system including an elasticated drum - Habitable tubes that had a door that closed firmly against a preferably rubber gasket and a rigid flange due to pressure could be a positive pressure chamber for high altitude or space or another planet. The tube can be fitted with a check valve. These could accompany the air fountain. These tubes could be fixed to the frame / trolley system of 5. These could be very thoroughly insulated by fixing bags and sheets to the outside of them. These could be fixed to mountains with rope and or the bags of the description. The tube can be joined to the bags by design through the as. The tubes could be held on nets. The tubes could be toilets, kitchens, flats, bedrooms, etc. to be a pressurised Cabane system. The tube can be joined with the frame system of section 5 can be joined to a ski or wheels with a frame. It could be an emergency pressure chamber for a high-altitude wing or an insulative space for polar expeditions. An independent wind pump can be used to pressurise the chamber or to drive the turbine or a turbo-compressor or a TEG system of section 8 or a PV. system could drive a pump or a compressor and manage human waste and water management.

[0406] 14.2 - a hose way could be expanded or contracted or use a hot fluid in a closed circuit to cause a controlled avalanche - - 14.3 Rope access - handheld WFP - process - features - trolley - also normal trolley - add a solar panel -

[0407] A water fed pole for rope access window cleaning - high rise window cleaners tend to use traditional tools - if they used a handheld water fed pole it would be more efficient and would do a better job as window cleaners tend to have dirty water by the time, they reach the bottom of a high rise. This pole can be made from Wizard pole - it would comprise a leash for joining to a climbing harness, and on off water switch - a second rope, webbing or leash at the brush end would make it easier to lift - a counterweight at the base or a removable longer pole section can also counterweight it - it would also mean that the user cold use two hand with the brush and place two feet on the wall or hang in the harness - however a hand held brush is also possible - Wizard pole can be used to make a water fed pole trolley - a trolley could be brought to the roof of a site with water this would mean the user to not need to hold the weight of a hose - water could be pumped up and be stored in containers using a trolley - the weighted bags could be used for rope access or to hold the trolley in place - normal water - hot water or soapy water could be fed to the user in a second hose if the building was very dirty such that cleaning with just pure water used allot of pure water and was time consuming -the water fed brush preferably with a pole can have a second fitting for the extra types of water.

[0408] 14.4 - 14.5 - any bag system of the description can hold a ballistic plate or other kind of body armour in a sleeve or pocket, it can also have, handles, a foam sheet, a second crumple zone, at least one air bag, and a sleeve for the arm. The bags can have any qualities of any bag or group of bags of the description. It is ideally placed before on coming impacts. It can be designed so that it can float. The air bags and second crumple zones purpose is to create a space to allow a ballistic plate to deflect without that deflection being lethal to a person.

[0409] 14- Dust propulsion systems for space -

[0410] Could dust be used as a means of propelling a spaceship using something like a sand blaster with a thrust nozzle and with the use of solar pv or Fresnel lenses to provide electricity -? - a craft with buckets and at least one other source of propulsion could turn and collect the re-collect the dust to use again - a rail gun system could fire a series of dust thrusting objects could accelerate extremely fast by pushing off each other by using dust thrusters and dust catchers that are joined to each other. A dust spraying system could fire dust in front of a space craft to protect it from impacts - on larger faster scales the dust would heat up when hit this could be sensed by a thermal imaging system and would be an early warning system - the heat could be taken out of the dust and used to create power. Dust or a dust thrusting vessel could be shot at with dust to speed it up - buckets could catch the dust and then re-use it as dust thrusting fuel. Dust in the form of nitrogen ice could be shot at a planet that could use it as a buffer gas - the dust would also heat up the atmosphere and the planet and the dust could have been used as a means of transport. Vessels could shoot dust all over the place, preferably along convenient courses that would be useful to other craft that could be hit by the dust as a means of propulsion or catch the dust and re-use it for propulsion - The dust courses could be mapped and added to a timetable so as to be a reliable public transport system. A ship can make use of sections 5 and 8 and of course the bags and sheets of the description. Dust is 'abundant' in space and on planets so may be readily collected in transit or be mined and stored or projected in specific places or directions. Dust thrusting probes with buckets may be able collect space debris in the buckets, they can also fire dust at objects to alter their trajectory and velocity, this may cause debris to 'burn-up'. A dust filled bucket would act as impact protection on any space craft more so if it could spray dust at oncoming objects. Once an item had been collected by the bucket it could be converted into dust or a molten liquid and used as thrust propellant. Dust could be fired 'downward' to force it into re-entry or away into space or to another probe with buckets. Space elevators could assist with sending dust into space from planets and moons. Notes

[0411] 1. aerogel - please take this to also mean airloy, and any other aero-product like aero graphene -

[0412] 2. Foam or insulative sheet can mean any on the market - Polystyrene and PU foam included - rigid or flexible.

[0413] 3. Air filled bags can use any kind of valve including valves with screw caps and mechanical seals, inflatable bags can be made with a polyester mesh per PVC coated polyester -

[0414] 4. Any section of the above can use the bags and sheet and outdoor equipment where it can be useful, most obviously anchors, insulation, buoys, and buoyancy,

[0415] 5. Please assume that wherever it is at all possible that the shelter and bag system is a system with variations with various unique features that can be included or excluded. The unique features might be inventions in their own right, or they might be non-essential features of the main bag and shelter invention.

[0416] 6. When it comes to renewable energy and industry it is less obviously a system but it's possible that it could me marketed as the same system by a company that sells both so is it one or not? Perhaps the difference is if claims say a bag and sheet system for leisure and industry or a shelter system - though the shelter system could still be claimed it's possible to make use of bags for industry it's less obvious. It Is planned to try and make claims for a sheet and bags system and / or for a shelter system that uses bags,

[0417] 7. Please assume the bags, sheets, and frames, could be used in industry and marine industry in general not just for the inventions disclosed in the document.

[0418] 8. The wizard pole and frame system of section 5 in sensible arrangement can fill bags in industry.

[0419] 9. OTEC means ocean thermal energy conversion - this process uses warm and cold sea water to drive a heat engine. The turbo-pump of the description was patented by RE system ltd for use as a means of delivering deep-sea cold-water.

[0420] 10. A turbo-pump uses a fluid to drive a turbine that drives a shaft that drives a pump that pumps a second fluid. In the case of OTEC the pumped fluid is deep- sea cold water.

[0421] 11. Please assume that wherever possible, the chapters of the description can be joined as they feasibly can be. It might even be possible for the same sheet and bag that made a shelter was exactly the same as was used in Industry other than the outdoor leisure industry. The same company that made these can also make hoses with an as. that can then be used in industry with the bags and sheets.

Claims

26 09 24Claim 1A shelter system comprising a plurality of bag 1s and a sheet, the bag 1s rendered into a voluminous state such that the bag 1s can be a structural component of the system with the insertion of at least one air filled bag (bag 2 - bag / baglet of the description) into each bag 1, the air-filled bag being substantially cylindrical when inflated and the bag Is configured to connect to the sheet such that the sheet is raised from the surface when in use, the bag 1 s and sheet both having loops thereon for attachment together, the bag 1 s are each a bag and as such is at least in part a known type of outdoor bag.Claim 2According to the system of claim one,The sheet of claim one is a sleeve, the bags of claim 1 are placed within the sleeve, and are thus covered by the sheet on all sides.The term sleeve is used to distinguish from a sheet that only covers the bags from above and to some extent from the sides but not the bottom.Claim 3According to the system of claim one and, two,An embodiment of the shelter system comprising claim 1 and 2, with the addition of at least one further sheet, with each layer of sheet added, the shelter is more insulated,A space between one sheet and the next is created with the use of a spacer, the spacer creates a layer of trapped air between one sheet and the next, trapped air is known to provide insulation,An example of a spacer is a baglet held in a pocket on the sheet.Claim 4According to the system of claim one, and claims two and three,An embodiment of the shelter system comprises a sheet that is a sleeve of claim 2, the sleeve is closeable with a sealable door such that the space within can be of a positive pressure to that of the surrounding atmosphere.Claim 5According to the system of claim one, and claims two to four,An embodiment of the shelter system wherein the loops of claim 1 are designed such that they can support a load that is relevant to the application,The sheet and bags of claim 1 are load bearing devices beyond the scope of a shelter but within the scope of applications that are pertinent to outdoor activities, for example, climbing.Claim 6According to the system of claim one, and claims two to five,At least one baglet placed within a bag 1 is naturally a cushion, a bag is a cushion, since bag 1, bags can be fastened together, a group of bags can provide a cushion,26 09 24Several applications are pertinent to the likely activities,a boulder matt, is a cushion that can be fallen upon,A bag is a seat,A group of bags is a seat,The bag is useful as a source of protection from impacts, the bag is able to act as a barrier between the source of the impact and the thing being struck,Claim 7According to the system of claim one, and claims, two, to six,An air-filled bag is a source of flotation,Thus, a shelter can float, a bag can float, a group of bags can float,Float means float in water, float on snow,Claim 8According to the system of claim one, and claims two to seven,Since a bag 1 bag of claim 1 can be grouped,a specific size and number of grouped bags create a group of bags with a specific height,Therefore, a specific size and number of grouped bags create a shelter with a specific height.

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