Method for generating excessive heat

Abstract

To provide a method for generating excessive heat which can generate a mass of heat safely and at low cost.SOLUTION: The method for generating excessive heat includes the steps of: increasing the temperatures of a reactor made of a stainless steel with a clean surface and the inside of the reactor and discharging an impurity gas from the reactor; inputting a hydrogen gas into the reactor; and heating the inside of the reactor and increasing the temperature of the inside of the reactor, to cause a reaction body to generate heat in the reactor and input a helium gas to stop a reaction.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for generating and controlling excess heat using a reactant, hydrogen gas, and helium gas.

Background Art

[0002] Cold Fusion, announced in March 1989 by Professor Martin Fleischmann of the University of Southampton in the UK and Professor Stanley Pons of the University of Utah in the US, was expected to solve both the energy problem and the global warming problem simultaneously, and has since been studied around the world. At present, the name Cold Fusion is not appropriate for the reaction mechanism and is therefore generally referred to as Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) or Condensed Matter Nuclear Reactions (CMNS).

[0003] However, the information reported by many researchers lacks certainty, and there are many problems with detailed experimental conditions, experimental content, analysis methods, result analysis, etc. Most of these studies also lack reproducibility, and the output data shows that the frequency of excess heat generation is unstable and has not been well understood so far.

[0004] For example, Patent Document 1 relates to a technique for generating abnormal heat by electrolyzing heavy water with a palladium cathode embrittled by deuterium. Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for alloying lithium on the palladium surface layer by recombining deuterium and oxygen generated by electrolysis in a sealed cell provided with a catalyst on top of an electrolytic solution in which lithium is dissolved in the palladium surface layer to return to heavy water. Patent Document 3 discloses a technique for flowing an alternating current through a reactant formed with electrode layers made of platinum or palladium on both sides of a proton conductor composed of a mixed powder sintered body of metal oxides. Patent Document 4 discloses generating energy by an electrolytic reaction in light water or heavy aqueous solution composed of a high melting point metal and an active metal formed on its surface with respect to hydrogen.

[0005] However, none of the prior art methods reported in these patent documents have been stable, and the amount and temperature of heat generated are unstable and remain small. They are nowhere near capable of replacing fossil fuels and other energy sources that humanity has used until now, and have not reached practical use.

[0006] Under these circumstances, the inventors have long aimed to reproduce the phenomenon of cold fusion. Particularly since the Fukushima nuclear accident following the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011, they felt the limitations of nuclear power generation and subsequently focused their research on heat, concluding that nuclear transmutation reactions, which produce no waste, are promising as a future energy source. Initially, they treated the reaction as a normal nuclear fusion reaction and confirmed neutron generation during electrolysis, but later focused on analyzing the products that underwent isotopic changes during electrolysis tests. Heat generation was found to be an extremely rare and sudden phenomenon during this process.

[0007] Through accumulated research ranging from cold fusion to condensed matter nuclear reactions, the inventor finally obtained data that allowed for the generation of excess heat in response to an input that he himself was confident in, leading to the present invention and the acquisition of a technology that can brightly illuminate the future of energy.

[0008] In other words, the present inventor provides an excess heat generation method that can generate excess heat exceeding the input energy by heating an extremely clean, polished stainless steel surface. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 5-27062 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 7-104080 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-271484 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2014-37996 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0010] The problem that this invention aims to solve is to provide an excess heat generation method that can generate a large amount of heat safely and inexpensively. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides (1) A process of treating the surface of a reaction furnace comprising a stainless steel reaction furnace and a stainless steel reactant, (2) A step of raising the temperature of the reactor and discharging impurity gas from the reactor, (3) A step of introducing hydrogen gas into the reactor, (4) A step of heating the inside of the reaction furnace to raise the temperature, A method for generating excess heat, characterized by carrying out the above to generate heat in the reactant, To provide.

[0012] In other words, the present invention provides a method for cleaning a metal surface by heating the metal surface and generating heat through a reaction near the surface. For stainless steel materials, the raw material is melted in an electric furnace, and refining is carried out in a converter, an external ladle, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, when used at high temperatures, a method is proposed in which a closed furnace body is used and filled with hydrogen to prevent oxidation or contamination of the metal surface. The present invention also proposes a method for suppressing excessive heat generation.

[0013] For reactors and reactants, high-carbon ferrochrome and ferronickel, which offer high productivity and low cost, are desirable. The use of ultra-low carbon steel (C 0.03% or less) is also desirable. In particular, for the furnace body and reactant materials, stainless steel with reduced levels of gases harmful to the reaction (oxygen; O, hydrogen; H, nitrogen; N) and non-metallic inclusions is desirable.

[0014] The processing of the furnace body and reaction materials uses rolling, and two types, hot rolling and cold rolling, are used. The shapes of the subsequent hot-rolled products include plates, strips, tubes, rods, shapes, wires, nets, etc. These are manufactured using a rolling mill suitable for the reactor shape based on semi-finished products. Stainless steel with a clean and uniform surface having high dimensional accuracy, workability, and reactivity is used to obtain a reactor after the final cold rolling treatment.

[0015] It is desirable to perform bright heat treatment after the final cold rolling treatment and finally perform cold rolling to obtain a mirror-finished surface. In this important process, it is particularly necessary to polish successively with abrasive agents of fine particle sizes and finally polish with a buff for mirror finishing to achieve the highest reflectivity mirror finish. After polishing with a #600 rotary buff, it is desirable to finish the final polishing with a buff for mirror finishing. Then, it is washed with pure water, and it is desirable to wash the finish with ultrapure water (18.24 MΩ·cm).

[0016] It is preferable that there are no impurity elements on the stainless steel surface constituting the reactor body. To be used at 500°C or higher, it is necessary to fill it with hydrogen. In that case, it is preferable to raise the temperature of the reactor step by step, and it is preferable to introduce the hydrogen gas into the reactor at 0.1 to 5 kPa.

[0017] The reactor can be practical even in air, but when the temperature exceeds 600°C, an oxide film forms on the surface of the stainless steel furnace, making the reaction less likely to occur. To be used at 600°C or higher for a long time, it is necessary to use a vacuum furnace and introduce hydrogen gas into it.

Advantages of the Invention

[0018] According to the present invention, all of the above problems can be solved by providing a method for generating excess heat that is safe, inexpensive, and capable of generating a large amount of heat, solving the global energy problem. Furthermore, there is a very great merit that it becomes unnecessary to use fossil fuels according to the present invention, which helps to prevent global warming.

[0019] By simply heating a metal with the property of absorbing hydrogen and hydrogen gas under certain conditions, heat output exceeding the input can be obtained for several years. The content is that the gas used is several centimeters 3 and the temperature is only determined by the heat-resistant temperature of the reaction vessel and can be several thousand degrees. The excess energy is currently about kW, but if the heat-resistant temperature of the furnace is 1000 °C, 100 kW is also possible. If the temperature is 1600 °C, MW is also possible. At this time, dangerous radiation (neutrons, gamma rays) does not occur at all at about 100 kW. Furthermore, no dangerous radioactive substances are emitted after use.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] [Figure 1] It is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a reactor capable of realizing the excess heat generation method of the present invention. The main body can be used up to 600 °C. It is a cylindrical reactor that becomes a reactor into which hydrogen enters when a flange is installed, and there are no restrictions on the diameter and length, and it can be manufactured in any shape and size. When used at high temperatures, a flange is installed and filled with hydrogen gas for use. [Figure 2] It is a photograph of a test reactor and is an example of a practical reactor. The furnace body is made of SUS304 stainless steel, with a length of 400 mm and a diameter of 100 mm. The weight is 6 kg, and it can be used up to 600 °C. When used at temperatures exceeding 600 °C, both ends are closed with flanges and hydrogen gas is sealed inside for use. [Figure 3] It is a photograph of the inside of the reactor polished to a mirror finish. [Figure 4] It is a photograph of a SUS mesh installed inside the reactor. In the case of this furnace body, a stainless steel mesh is placed inside to obtain a large amount of heat generation. This is to increase the reaction area and the amount of heat generation. [Figure 5] The photograph shows the state of wrapping a heating heater around the reactor. Since the reaction becomes more intense as the temperature is higher, it is desirable to heat. As an example, a heat-resistant glass heating wire was wrapped around a reactor made of SUS304. The furnace body has a length of 400 mm, a diameter of 100 mm, and a weight of 8 kg. The inside of this furnace body is evacuated so that hydrogen can be supplied. [Figure 6]This is a conceptual diagram for heat measurement. Air is introduced from the bottom of an insulated box, and the heated air is removed from the outlet at the top. By determining the temperature difference between the air inlet and outlet, the airflow rate, and the heat loss from the box, the heat generated by the furnace body or calibration heater placed inside the box can be continuously obtained. [Figure 7] This graph shows the generation of excess heat W in the example. Figure 7 shows the test results after both the inside and outside of the furnace body were brightly polished (Ra=0.1). The horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents thermal energy (W). In this graph, the input heating power shown by the black line was 500W and continued for approximately 5.2 hours. The red line represents the output thermal energy (W), with values ​​up to a maximum of 800W obtained. [Figure 8] This graph shows the heat (energy) generation in a furnace that does not produce excess heat (Ra=12.5). It is an example obtained using the thermal measurement system shown in Figure 7. The inner surface of this furnace, as in Figure 9, was originally a fully polished surface that was then deliberately polished with abrasive paper (#2000) to achieve an Ra value of 12.5. The horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the energy generated in watts (W). In this graph, the input heating power W, shown by the black line, was 500W and continued for approximately 3.6 hours. The red line represents the output thermal energy W, which only reached a maximum of 500W. In other words, no excess heat W is generated. [Figure 9] This graph shows the excess heat per unit area of ​​the reactant as a function of temperature. The horizontal axis represents the furnace temperature, and the vertical axis represents the amount of heat generated per unit weight of the furnace (W). Here, the graph is divided into parameters based on the surface roughness of the furnace body. Differences in behavior can be seen for Ra values ​​from 0.1 to 12.5. An exponential approximation curve of the furnace temperature is drawn for each test furnace. In all cases, it can be seen that the amount of heat generated increases exponentially as the temperature increases. In particular, it can be seen that the amount of excess heat generated is greater for smooth surfaces with a polished finish on the furnace body surface. It is clear that excess heat is less likely to be generated when the surface is roughened. [Figure 10] Figure 9 is a graph showing the excess heat generated from a furnace body with an approximate Ra value of 0.1, calculated using an approximation formula. The horizontal axis represents the furnace body temperature, and the vertical axis represents the heat generation energy on a logarithmic scale. From the linear approximation formula, a value of 1 W / cm² is obtained at 320°C, and it reaches 1 kW / cm² at 700°C. [Figure 11] This graph shows the temperature dependence of excess heat in Arrhenius notation. This graph further represents the furnace body as the reciprocal of its absolute temperature (1 / T) and expresses the heat generation on a logarithmic scale, as in Figure 10. This graph more clearly shows the temperature dependence. The linear approximation equation for each point in the graph is the exponential function of the reciprocal of the furnace body's absolute temperature, and is represented by the dotted line in the figure. [Figure 12] This graph shows the temperature dependence of the O / I ratio in the example. The horizontal axis represents furnace temperature (°C), and the vertical axis represents the output ratio to input (O / I). Because all measurement results are included in this graph, there is a large variation in the measured values. Also, this ratio changes depending on the test conditions. For example, the measurement in this case was performed using the air flow method, and the furnace body temperature changes depending on the air flow rate. For example, if the flow rate is increased, the furnace body temperature decreases, so the O / I ratio decreases. Also, if the furnace body is insulated, the amount of heat escaping decreases, so the O / I ratio increases. This is a guideline that changes depending on the measurement method. Originally, the O / I ratio is not a physical quantity, so it is a quantity that changes arbitrarily depending on the test conditions. From all the measurement results, the O / I ratio can be approximated by an exponential function of the furnace temperature, so the vertical axis is displayed logarithmically. Above 1000°C, the O / I ratio exceeds 2 even under these measurement conditions. [Figure 13] This section describes a method for stopping excess heat generation. Figure 13 shows the results of measurements taken using a furnace body with an Ra value of 0.1, with hydrogen introduced inside. The temperature was 300°C, and the power / input ratio gradually increased from 1.5 to 2.5. However, when helium gas was introduced into the furnace at 500 Pa at 52 Ms, the O / I ratio immediately decreased to about 1.4. Even after leaving it as is for another 7 Ms, removing the helium again, introducing hydrogen gas at 500 Pa, and heating, the O / I ratio changed but remained low at around 1.0 to 1.4 and never exceeded 2 again. In other words, helium gas has the effect of stopping the generation of excess heat. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0021] The following describes typical embodiments of the excess heat generation method of the present invention with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In the following description, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions may be omitted. Also, since the drawings are for conceptual explanation, the dimensions of each component shown and their ratios may differ from those of the actual components. [Examples]

[0022] To confirm the phenomena that occur when the excess heat generation method of the present invention is implemented, the reactor shown in Figure 1 was placed in a heat-insulating box for calorimetry (for example, the one described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-211821), the excess heat generation method of this embodiment was implemented, and the output was measured.

[0023] [evaluation] To evaluate the relationship between the excess heat generation temperature dependence by the above excess heat generation method and the surface state of the furnace body, the following study was conducted. Specifically, Figure 9 shows the reaction area (1 cm²) of the reactant. 2 This shows the excess heat energy Wex per unit area of ​​the reactant as a function of furnace temperature, with the reactor surface roughness as a parameter. This data includes all data in the input range of 0 to 700 W. The excess heat energy is shown as Wex per unit area of ​​the reactant. It can be seen that Wex increases exponentially according to temperature for all surface treatments.

[0024] Next, Figure 12 is a graph showing the excess heat generation amount obtained using the approximation formula from Figure 9, and the approximation formula is Wex / cm 2 =A1×exp(-x / t1)+y 0 The excess heat generated using (y 0 (=-000317, A1=173, t1=0000287). At 727℃, Wex reaches approximately 2kW.

[0025] Here, Figure 11 is a graph of the temperature dependence of excess heat expressed in Arrhenius notation. It is clear that the amount of excess heat increases rapidly as the temperature rises. Estimated from Figure 11, the excess heat increases to 30 W / cm² when the temperature rises to 1000°C. 2This calculation shows that an excess amount of heat will be obtained. Also, if the surface area of ​​the reactant is increased to 1000 cm² 2 At 1000°C, this generates as much excess heat as 30kW. Furthermore, once activated, excess heat is generated even at low temperatures. The activation energy cannot be precisely determined because the graph is not linear, but the amount of excess heat increases rapidly as the temperature rises.

[0026] Figure 12 shows the stable power / input ratio (O / I) obtained under the conditions of the reactants, insulated box, blower air cooling rate, environment, and reactant type, weight, and surface treatment used in this evaluation. The horizontal axis represents the input wattage, and the vertical axis, although not a physical quantity, is expressed as the logarithmic value of the O / I ratio as an evaluation value under the environment of the furnace body used. Here, each test value from 23°C to 500°C was measured. When the input exceeds 700°C, the O / I ratio exceeds 2. This means that the reaction continues autonomously without external input. At even higher temperatures, energy can be continuously extracted to the outside.

[0027] [Consideration] Many researchers have attempted to reproduce the phenomenon of cold fusion, but controlling excess heat generation, as well as even generating the phenomenon itself, has been difficult. In contrast, according to the present invention, it is possible to generate excess heat exceeding the input energy by heating an extremely clean, polished stainless steel surface. [Industrial applicability]

[0028] Currently, renewable energy research is being conducted worldwide to combat global warming, but because this energy is scarce, the present invention can replace it, solving both energy problems and global warming prevention at once, and enabling the mass production of excess heat on a global scale.

Claims

1. Step (1) of treating the surface of a reactor comprising a stainless steel reactor and a stainless steel reaction body; Step (2) of heating the reactor to discharge impurity gas from the reactor; Step (3) of introducing hydrogen gas into the reactor; Step (4) of heating the interior of the reactor to raise the temperature; Performing the above steps to generate heat in the reaction body, wherein the method is characterized by generating excess heat.

2. The method for generating excess heat according to Claim 1, characterized in that the reactor and the reaction body have surfaces that are polished clean.

3. The method for generating excess heat according to Claim 2, further comprising the step of obtaining the clean and polished surface by cold rolling treatment.

4. The method for generating excess heat according to Claim 2, further comprising the step of obtaining the clean and polished surface by buff polishing.

5. The method for generating excess heat according to Claim 2, further comprising the step of obtaining the clean and polished surface by sequentially polishing with abrasives of finer particle sizes.

6. The method for generating excess heat according to Claim 2, wherein the clean and polished surface has a Ra of 0.1 or less.

7. The method for generating excess heat according to Claim 1, further comprising the step of introducing helium gas to stop heat generation.

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