1018 results about "Blast wave" patented technology

A shock wave applicator includes a shock wave generator and an asymmetrical reflector portion in a housing. Asymmetry of the reflector portion is combined with one or more wave generators to produce a variety of focal volumes and wave fronts for medical treatment.

Partial or total occlusions of fluid passages within the human body are removed by positioning an array of optical fibers in the passage and directing treatment radiation pulses along the fibers, one at a time, to generate a shock wave and hydrodynamic flows that strike and emulsify the occlusions. A preferred application is the removal of blood clots (thrombi and emboli) from small cerebral vessels to reverse the effects of an ischemic stroke. The operating parameters and techniques are chosen to minimize the amount of heating of the fragile cerebral vessel walls occurring during this photoacoustic treatment. One such technique is the optical monitoring of the existence of hydrodynamic flow generating vapor bubbles when they are expected to occur and stopping the heat generating pulses propagated along an optical fiber that is not generating such bubbles.

According to one aspect of the invention, a pulse detonation tool is provided for fracturing subterranean formations. The pulse detonation tool includes a pulse detonation combustor and creates an isolated zone within a wellbore. The tool generate a series of repeating supersonic shock waves that are directed into the subterranean formation to cause propagation of multiple fractures into the formation. According to another aspect of the invention, a method and system for fracturing a subterranean formation using pulse detonation is provided.

The system for treating an internal organ has a generator source for producing a shock wave connected to a portable shock wave applicator device, wherein the shock wave applicator device has a side-firing shock wave head having a variable angle adjustment relative to a release and lock connected handle or holder means for holding said device. The inclination of the shock wave head can be set to a fixed inclination to reach the organ at various locations or surfaces or can be pivotally inclined continuous to vary the treatment surfaces area.

A laser shock peening process for producing one or more compressive residual stress regions in a medical device is disclosed. A high-energy laser apparatus can be utilized to direct an intense laser beam through a confining medium and onto the target surface of a workpiece. An absorption overlay disposed on the target surface of the workpiece absorbs the laser beam, inducing a pressure shock wave that forms a compressive residual stress region deep within the workpiece. Medical devices such as stents and guidewires having one or more of these compressive residual stress regions are also disclosed.

Porous surfaces on an aerodynamic structure driven with positive and negative pressures are used in an active control system for attenuating shock waves responsible for high-speed impulsive (HSI) noise. The control system includes an array of apertures in the outer skin of the structure providing fluid communication between the exterior flow stream and an interior volume of the structure. A movable diaphragm within the structure pushes air out of and pulls air in through the apertures under the action of a drive mechanism within the structure, thus creating oscillating air jets. The drive mechanism may be actuated by a controller based on information supplied by a sensor in the leading edge of the aerodynamic structure. The array of apertures may be spaced apart along the outer skin of the aerodynamic structure so as to span a distance of about 15% of the chord length. The oscillating airjets may be provided on multiple surfaces of the aerodynamic structure, including the upper and lower surfaces.

The invention relates to the field of laser processing manufacture, in particular to a laser shock precision forming method and a device. The device comprises a laser, an outer light path system, a laser shock head system A, a flying optical processing system with a laser shock head system B, a test sample system, a detection feedback system, a multi-axis link machine tool and a tool fixture system, a central control processor and a control system. A laser beam emitted by the laser is split by the outer light path system and are respectively transmitted to the front and the rear surfaces of a workpiece to subject the front and the rear surfaces of the double-sided workpiece with an energy absorption layer and a confinement layer to laser-induced shock wave. According to the requirements of the shape and the formation rule of a plate material, the double-sided laser shock head can execute simultaneous and non-simultaneous shock, counter shock, staggered shock, shocks with same and different energy, etc., so that the plate material is formed by generating a certain plastic deformation and a stress field distribution and that a certain residual stress is formed on the surface of the plate material. The method can achieve accurate quantitative formation, good repeatability and high forming efficiency, and can easily achieve automatic production.

The invention relates to an improved apparatus for the comminution of concretions in vivo by controlled, concentrated cavitation energy using two shock wave pulses with a specified time delay and pressure relationship, with the first shock wave pulse being used to induce a transient cavitation bubble cluster near the target concretion, and the second shock wave pulse to control and force the collapse of the cavitation bubble cluster towards the target concretion with concentrated energy disposition while avoiding injury to surrounding tissue. The invention contemplates the use of an improved combined electrohydraulic or electromagnetic and a piezoelectric annular array shock wave generator to produce improved stone comminution with reduced tissue injury in vivo.

A shockwave or pressure-wave therapeutic apparatus is provided in which a therapy head is equipped with a shockwave source. The shockwave source is connected via a shock generator to a control means which controls the release frequency of shockwaves as a function of the pulse energy thereof in such a manner that higher pulse energies correlate with lower release frequencies of the shockwaves and vice versa.

Apparatuses and methods for generating therapeutic shock waves. Some embodiments comprise: an acoustic-wave generator configured to emit acoustic waves having at least one frequency between 1 MHz and 1000 MHz; a shock wave housing coupled to the acoustic-wave generator; and a shock wave medium disposed in the shock wave housing; where the apparatus is configured such that if the acoustic-wave generator emits acoustic waves then at least some portion of the acoustic waves will travel through the shock wave medium and form one or more shock waves.

System for converting high frequency quantum electrodynamic radiation energy and at least one atom through cavity vacuum fluctuations and converting same into a superconductive electrical implosion propulsion energy from zero point energy at a frequency that is amenable to conversion to electrical and implosive propulsion and superconductive energy extracted within an environment having a desired voltage and a reversed waveform such that the emitted energy returns into the system to be recycled. In an externally winged craft comprising a selectively shaped vacuum cohesive fuselage and means for providing lift and propulsion for an aircraft generating an enormous electrostatic vortex lifting force when energized in conjunction with the quantum electrodynamic vortex implosion propulsion system and power plant maximizing fuel efficiencies including the extraction of usable energy from the vacuum of space. Actually riding on or in the shock waves verses the brute force disruption of the environment's equilibrium, as is the case with conventional modes of transportation or aircraft design.

A panel apparatus for positioning between a human body and a region of body armor absorbs impact energy associated with a projectile or other object impacting the body armor. The panel is also operable to absorb overpressure energy associated with a blast wave from an explosive device such as an improvised explosive device or a bomb. The panel may be secured to an interior of conventional tactical body armor, body armor carriers, or the like. The panel includes a multilayer construction and includes an inflatable primary gas chamber and a separate non-inflatable secondary gas chamber in some embodiments. The primary and secondary gas chambers are stacked in substantially parallel planes and are oriented substantially parallel to the body armor.

A vehicle hull has a longitudinal blast mitigation duct formed between left and right hull portions. The duct includes a first section oriented at a first angle to a longitudinal reference line, and a second section adjacent to the first section and oriented at a second angle to the reference line. The second angle is greater than the first angle to form a diverging surface for a shock wave travelling from the first to the second section. The blast mitigation duct further comprises a second, rearward-oriented diverging surface for a shock wave travelling rearward along the hull. A rib projects generally perpendicular from a joint between the first and second sections and is configured to initiate separation of the shock wave from the hull, thereby reducing the amount of energy transferred to the hull.

The present invention relates to methods of attenuating underwater transmission of sound or shock waves as well as boom systems designed for such use. The boom system is characterized by a material (e.g., curtain or combination curtain and skirt) which extends substantially the entire water column when placed in a body of water, thereby defining a perimeter and a gas injection system which includes a plurality of outlets which are positioned between the perimeter and the site of underwater activity. In use, the boom system is installed such that it surrounds the site of underwater activity and then gas is injected into the water through the plurality of outlets to form a gas curtain during performance of an underwater activity capable of generating sound or shock waves.

A nuclear fusion power plant having a spherical blast-chamber filled with a liquid coolant that breeds tritium, absorbs neutrons, and functions as both an acoustical and laser medium. Fuel bubbles up through the sphere's base and is positioned using computer guided piezoelectric transducers that are located outside the blast-chamber. These generate phase-shifted standing-waves that tractor the bubble to the center. Once there, powerful acoustic compression waves are launched. Shortly before these reach the fuel, an intense burst of light is pumped into the sphere, making the liquid laser-active. When the shockwaves arrive, the fuel temperature skyrockets and it radiates brightly. This, photon-burst, seeds outgoing laser cascades that return, greatly amplified, from the sphere's polished innards. Trapped within a reflecting sphere, squeezed on all sides by high-density matter, the fuel cannot cool or disassemble before thorough combustion. The blast's kinetic energy is absorbed piezoelectrically.

A shock wave in a gas is modified by emitting energy to form an extended path in the gas; heating gas along the path to form a volume of heated gas expanding outwardly from the path; and directing a path. The volume of heated gas passes through the shock wave and modifies the shock wave. This eliminates or reduces a pressure difference between gas on opposite sides of the shock wave. Electromagnetic, microwaves and / or electric discharge can be used to heat the gas along the path. This application has uses in reducing the drag on a body passing through the gas, noise reduction, controlling amount of gas into a propulsion system, and steering a body through the gas. An apparatus is also disclosed.

A fiber grating strain sensing system is used to locate and characterize a high speed environmental event that destroys one or more fiber grating strain sensors as it passes them. The system is very suitable for the detection and characterization of a high intensity pressure wave such as a blast wave due to a detonation. A fiber grating strain sensor is oriented so that the high speed environmental effect passes over it and its reflective spectral profile changes as portions of the fiber grating strain sensor are destroyed. The reflective spectral profile from one or more fiber grating strain sensors are then mixed with the spectral profile of an optical filter onto a high speed output detector. A reference detector may be used to normalize the output signal. The spectral profiles of the fiber grating strain sensors and optical filter may be arranged in several ways that are effective including substantially matching both profiles, establishing opposite spectral slopes and utilization of an optical filter with a substantially flat spectral profile.

The invention relates to the field of pulse power technology applications and energy exploitation technology, in particular to a method of electrically exploding wires to generate shock waves in waterby driving energy containing mixtures. The method of the electrically exploding wires to generate the shock waves in water by driving the energy containing mixtures comprises the following steps thata specific pulse power drive source is used to drive the wires of different materials, different diameters, and different lengths to cause an electrical explosion, the phase transition time, discharge current waveform and emission spectrum intensity of the corresponding wires are recorded; shock wave loads of different formulations are made and underwater shock wave experiments are correspondingly performed; shock wave probes are used to measure shock wave waveform and compared with the required waveform to determine the corresponding relationship between shock wave specific impulse and the shock wave loads; and according to the required shock wave parameters and the corresponding relationship between the shock wave specific impulse and the shock wave loads, a corresponding shock wave load is selected to be placed between the high and low voltage electrodes at the output end of the pulse power drive source and is driven under water to generate a controlled shock wave.

An apparatus and seismic method for producing an shock wave in an oil well borehole, with a pumping unit arranged at the wellhead, a tubing string extending downward into the production casing of the well, a hollow cylinder assembly connected with the bottom of the tube string, and pair of plungers arranged within the cylinder assembly and connected with the pumping unit with sucker rods and a polish rod for compressing liquid contained within the cylinder assembly and discharging the compressed liquid into the production casing, thereby generating a shock wave. The cylinder assembly includes an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder below the upper cylinder, a crossover cylinder below the upper and lower cylinders, and a compression chamber cylinder containing a compression chamber arranged between the crossover cylinder and the upper cylinder. The lower cylinder is adapted to receive the lower plunger, and the upper cylinder is adapted to receive the upper plunger. The lower plunger has a larger diameter than the upper plunger, and the plunger movement effects the volume of the compression chamber by reduction, the liquid contained therein becomes compressed and is discharged on the down stroke into the well. In addition, remote seismic data is collected and processed from remote well locations.

An apparatus and seismic method for producing an shock wave in an oil well borehole, with a pumping unit arranged at the wellhead, a tubing string extending downward into the production casing of the well, a hollow cylinder assembly connected with the bottom of the tube string, and pair of plungers arranged within the cylinder assembly and connected with the pumping unit with sucker rods and a polish rod for compressing liquid contained within the cylinder assembly and discharging the compressed liquid into the production casing, thereby generating a shock wave. The cylinder assembly includes an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder below the upper cylinder, a crossover cylinder below the upper and lower cylinders, and a compression chamber cylinder containing a compression chamber arranged between the crossover cylinder and the upper cylinder. The lower cylinder is adapted to receive the lower plunger, and the upper cylinder is adapted to receive the upper plunger. The lower plunger has a larger diameter than the upper plunger, and the plunger movement effects the volume of the compression chamber by reduction, the liquid contained therein becomes compressed and is discharged on the down stroke into the well. In addition, remote seismic data is collected and processed from remote well locations.

The invention discloses a shock-wave fracture forming device and system. The device includes a ground control terminal, a perforation cable and a high-energy shock wave generator, wherein the control terminal is connected with a shell of the high-energy shock wave generator through the perforation cable, and a cable core body of the perforation cable is connected with a energy storage component of the high-energy shock wave generator. According to the shock-wave fracture forming device and system, high-voltage strong-current electric energy is released instantly in a liquid environment of an oil well, high-temperature plasmas can be generated, are spread in the radial direction in a high-pressure shock wave form and act on oil layers through perforation tunnels of the oil well, a large number of fractures free of crustal-stress control are formed near wellbore areas, at the same time, various pollution blockages near the perforation tunnels are cleaned away. The permeability near the wellbore areas is greatly improved, the pressure conductive ability is reduced, crude oil smoothly flows into a wellbore, and the production increase of the oil well and the injection increase of a water well are achieved.

A cleaning or grooming system that uses acoustic pressure shock waves can remove barnacles, algae, biofilms and other undesired materials from the hulls of ships, propellers, rudders, inlet ports for cooling of nuclear submarines, outlet ports, sonar housings, protective grills and other structures that are submerged in salt or fresh water environments.

An engine contains at least one pulse detonation combustor which is surrounded by a bypass flow air duct, through which bypass air flow is directed. The bypass air duct contains at least one converging-diverging structure to dampen or choke the upstream propagation of shock waves from the pulse detonation combustor through the bypass flow air duct. The bypass air also serves to cool the outer surfaces of the pulse detonation combustor. The bypass air flow is controlled in tandem with the heat release from the PDC to provide the appropriate amount of thermal energy to a downstream energy conversion device, such as a turbine. A mixing plenum is positioned downstream of the pulse detonation combustor and bypass flow air duct.

A blast shockwave shield including an upright, monolithic body having a lateral center, and front and back sides, and a blast-facing, curved strike face formed on the upright, front side of the body, including a pair of companion, laterally spaced, laterally symmetric, non-coextensive, curved, strike-face portions, each of which defines a blast shockwave-deflection vector that is aimed upwardly, and laterally outwardly away from the shield's lateral center. This structure implements a method for blast shockwave deflection which includes the steps of engaging and intercepting such a shockwave with an upright, monolithic, solid-resistance instrumentality having a pair of laterally spaced, curved, non-coextensive strike-face portions, and, by those acts of engaging and intercepting, reversely deflecting an impinging shockwave.

The invention relates to a composite armor structure preventing blast waves. The composite armor structure comprises a metamaterial layer, a combining layer and an energy-absorption buffering layer in sequence from outside to inside. The metamaterial layer and the energy-absorption buffering layer are combined in an optimized mode through the combining layer. The metamaterial layer is of a microstructure composed of a metal-nonmetal sphere system and can block shock waves in the area near the peak overpressure value in blast waves. The microstructure composed of the metal-nonmetal sphere system comprises metal balls, elastic materials and base body materials, and the metal balls wrapped by the metal materials are embedded into the base body materials. The blast resistant structure can effectively block explosion shock waves and more easily absorb explosion pressure waves, and therefore the explosion proofing ability of the structure is improved.

A method of using one or more microjets to create and / or control oblique shock waves. The introduction of microjet flow into a supersonic stream creates an oblique shock wave. This wave can be strengthened—by increasing microjet flow rate or the use of many microjets in an array—in order to form an oblique shock. Such an oblique shock can be used to decelerate flow in a jet aircraft engine inlet in a controlled fashion, thus increasing pressure recovery and engine efficiency while reducing flow instability. Adjusting the pressure ratio across the microjet actually alters the angle of the oblique shock. Thus, the use of microjets allows decelerating shock waves in an inlet engine to be properly positioned and controlled. Microjet arrays can also be used to ameliorate shock waves created by external aircraft surfaces, such as sensor pods and weapons. Microjets placed forward of any external protuberance can convert a single substantial shock wave into a series of much milder waves which will not produce unwanted external effects, such as strong sonic booms.

The invention relates to a bidirectional energy-accumulating tension forming blasting pipe, belonging to the energy-accumulating blasting device field. The conventional energy-accumulating blasting is to use the energy-accumulating device to linearly accumulate energy (such as ABS slotted pipe), and the detonation shock wave releases energy along the cutting joint of the energy-accumulating device, which generates the linear impact pressure action on hole wall and results in that the substance to be exploded generates the vertical radial crack surface along a blast hole. At present, the invention is mainly applied to the directional blasting of soft rock. If the substance to be exploded has the high compressive strength, the effect is limited. Due to the adoption of a PVC pipe and the bidirectional energy-accumulating hole, the invention generates the tension action on the substance to be exploded when blasting, which thereby can fully use the characteristic of that the tensile strength is far less than the compressive strength in order to generate the tension forming blasting effect. Therefore, the invention is far better than the conventional energy-accumulating blasting in forming effect, peripheral hole mark rate, explosive consumption, blast hole drilling volume, overbreak volume and other aspects.

A method and apparatus for mitigating blast compression waves is disclosed. The apparatus has a housing having an open end, and a piston slidably received in the open end of the housing in a substantially airtight engagement therewith. The piston and the housing define an interior wherein a compressible substance is confined. When a blast wave impacts the impact face of the piston and drives the piston toward the base of the housing, a shock wave is induced in the compressible substance. The shock wave is reflected by the base of the enclosure and the interior surface of the piston to mitigate the impact of the blast wave.

The invention discloses a method and device for strengthening a fastening hole by shocking with ring laser, relating to the technical field of machining and manufacturing of fastening holes. In the invention, the head part of an energy absorbing rod (10) is a conical surface; high power pulse laser outputs ring laser pulse (8) through a spot adjusting device (15); the ring laser pulse (8) accommodates the tip of the conical head surface of the energy absorbing rod (10) in a hollow part of a laser beam; and the ring laser pulse (8) acts on the conical head surface of the energy absorbing rod (10) to induce a plasma (17) to explode so as to generate shock waves acted on the inner wall of the fastening hole, and thereby the fastening hole is strengthened. The method and the device are suitable for strengthening the fastening hole with a small diameter; the hollow part of the ring laser pulse (8) keeps away from the tip of the conical surface of the energy absorbing rod (10) so that the energy absorbing rod (10) is difficult to be damaged, which is favorable for continuous operation, and the strengthening effect is good.

Disclosed are a sound attenuation sleeve for use on a piling during underwater construction and a method of using such a sleeve for attenuating underwater transmission of sound and / or shock waves during underwater pile driving operations.