20results about "Rapid change measurement" patented technology

To provide a piezoelectric high-pressure sensor that can measure pressures up to 10 kbar. [Solution] The piezoelectric high-pressure sensor of the present invention comprises a hollow cylindrical housing having a shell and a cavity, a disk-shaped diaphragm having a central region and a peripheral region, and a measuring unit having a measuring element made of piezoelectric material disposed within the cavity. The shell includes mounting means, and the piezoelectric high-pressure sensor can be mounted at the measurement location by the mounting means. The diaphragm receives the pressure to be measured by the central region, transmits this pressure along the longitudinal axis into the measuring unit, and is connected to the shell by the peripheral region through a material bond. The measuring element is rod-shaped, functions according to the piezoelectric transverse effect, and has a length along the longitudinal axis and a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, with a length-to-cross-sectional area ratio of 1.0 mm. -1 Based on the above, 1.5mm -1 The following conditions apply, and the shell diameter is 10 mm or less.

Systems and methods (100) for estimating when an engine event occurs is described. The system includes a controller configured to receive a first signal from at least one knock sensor coupled to a combustion engine, receive a second signal from at least one engine crankshaft sensor coupled to the combustion engine, transform the first and second signals into a plurality of feature vectors using a multivariate transformation algorithm, determine an expected window of an engine event with a statistical model, center a segment of the plurality of feature vectors around the expected window, estimate, using the statistical algorithm, a time in the expected window corresponding to when the engine event occurred, and adjust operation of the combustion engine based on the time.

To provide a pressure sensor 1 having a housing 20, a plunger unit 11, and a measurement element 12.SOLUTION: A housing 20 has a housing inner section 20.3. A plunger unit 11 and a measurement element 12 are disposed in the housing inner section 20.3. The plunger unit 11 has a distal plunger end 11.1 and a proximal plunger end 11.2. The distal plunger end 11.1 is disposed further separately from the measurement element 12 as compared with the proximal plunger end 11.2 on a vertical axis A of a pressure sensor 1 and the distal plunger end 11.1 projects from the housing 20. The proximal plunger end 11.2 operably connected to the measurement element 12, and transmits pressure P of a medium M spreading out to the outside of the housing 20 to the measurement element 12. The pressure sensor 1 has a sleeve 30. The sleeve 30 is fastened to the housing 20. The sleeve 30 and the distal plunger end 11.1 are separated from each other by a gap 30.4.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

A sensor device (1) designed to measure pressure (P). [Solution] The sensor device (1) comprises at least one substrate (10) and at least one sensor material (20). The substrate (10) is formed as a substrate diaphragm (11) within several areas. The substrate diaphragm (11) has a thickness (T11) along a vertical axis (Z) and a diameter (D11) in a horizontal plane (XY) perpendicular to the vertical axis (Z). The substrate diaphragm (11) is designed to detect a pressure (P) to be measured and can bend along the vertical axis (Z) under the action of the pressure (P). The sensor material (20) is placed on the substrate diaphragm (11). It generates piezoelectric charges (Q20+, Q20-) under the action of the bending of the substrate diaphragm (11), and the amount of piezoelectric charges (Q20+, Q20-) generated is proportional to the magnitude of the measured pressure (P).

This disclosure relates to a collision sensor for a vehicle. The collision sensor includes: a housing defining an internal volume; a pressure sensor element disposed within the internal volume of the housing; and a membrane configured to isolate the internal volume of the housing from ambient air. The membrane is deformable for transmitting pressure pulses, indicative of a collision, for detection by the pressure sensor element.

A sensor device for measuring a pressure includes a base body and a sensor material. A region of the base body forms a base body diaphragm that undergoes a deflection to sense the pressure. The sensor material is mechanically coupled to a region of the base body diaphragm and generates piezoelectric charge under the effect of the deflection in proportion to the value of the measured pressure. Near the base body diaphragm is an electrical conductor that undergoes a change in resistance proportional to the temperature.

The invention relates to a method for ascertaining the actuation of a door or a window in one or more rooms using a pressure sensor which is arranged in one of the rooms, having the following steps: - detecting pressure values at multiple points in time using the pressure sensor; - determining the sum of the absolute first-order change rates and determining the sum of the absolute second-order change rates of the chronologically last pressure values at the multiple points in time; determining the global maximum and minimum values of the sums of the change rates within a time window; - identifying a local extreme of the sums of the absolute first-order change rates and / or the sums of the absolute second-order change rates on the basis of the global maximum and minimum values of the sums within the time window; and - ascertaining an actuation of the door and / or the window using a comparison between the ascertained local extreme and a threshold.

The invention relates to a single-use device (1) for fixing a pressure sensor (2) to a container (20). A first end region (2a) of the pressure sensor (2) is provided with a pressure-sensitive measuring diaphragm (3) via which the pressure of a medium (21) located in the container (20) can be determined, wherein a tubular component (4) is provided which can be coupled to the container (20) and which has a neck (5) whose inner surface (7) is provided with a radial stop edge (9). A flexible membrane (10) is mounted on the radial stop edge (9), which flexible membrane (10) seals the neck (5) in an air-tight manner and a cup-shaped mount (11) is provided in which a second end region (2b) of the pressure sensor (2) can be placed, said second end region facing away from the pressure-sensitive measuring diaphragm (3). The cup-shaped mount (11) and the neck (5) can be locked via corresponding fixing means (12) and the cup-shaped mount (11) and the neck (5) are designed such that the pressure-sensitive measuring diaphragm (3) of the pressure sensor (2) is in direct proximity to the flexible membrane (10) in the mounted state.

A piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for measuring pressures up to 10 kbar; having a housing, a diaphragm and a measuring cell; the housing is hollow-cylindrical and has a jacket and a cavity, in the jacket at least one mount is shaped, by means of which the piezoelectric high-pressure sensor can be mounted at a measuring point; the measuring cell is arranged in the cavity and has at least one measuring element made of piezoelectric material; the diaphragm is disc-shaped and has a central region and a peripheral region, the diaphragm is designed to receive the pressure to be measured through the central region and to transmit to the measuring cell along a vertical axis, the diaphragm is connected to the jacket material by means of the peripheral region; the measuring element is rod-shaped and works according to the piezoelectric lateral effect; the measuring element has a length along the vertical axis and a cross section perpendicular to the vertical axis; the ratio of the length to the cross section is in the range of greater than / equal to 1.0 mm ‑1 to less than / equal to 1.5 mm ‑1 ; the jacket has a diameter of less than / equal to 10 mm.

A crash sensor for a vehicle includes: a housing defining an internal volume; a pressure sensor element disposed in the internal volume of the housing; and a membrane configured to isolate the internal volume of the housing from ambient air. The membrane is deformable for transmitting a pressure pulse indicative of a crash for detection by the pressure sensor element.

A piezoresistive pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of a medium in an environment includes a housing defining an interior, a base body disposed in the interior and connected to the housing and defining a diaphragm, and a measuring unit with a piezoresistive element disposed in the interior so as to detect a deflection of the diaphragm. The diaphragm confines a blind hole of the base body and an opening through the housing is arranged to communicate with the blind hole when the piezoresistive pressure sensor is exposed to the medium so as to deflect the diaphragm. A material bonding connection connects the base body directly to the housing in a mechanically tight manner while exhibiting a melting temperature greater than or equal to 250° C. An electrical conductor taps the piezoresistive element's change in resistance as electrical voltage and discharges the voltage into the environment.

In one instance, disclosed herein is an engine system, comprising: an engine comprising a plurality of engine cylinders; and a controller operative to: control a respective ignition timing for each engine cylinder of the plurality of engine cylinders; detect an increase of a knock intensity of the engine; after detecting the increase of the knock intensity of the engine, compare the knock intensity of the engine to a threshold knock intensity; if the knock intensity of the engine is greater than the threshold knock intensity, retard the respective ignition timing for each engine cylinder of the plurality of engine cylinders by the same amount; and if the knock intensity of the engine is less than the threshold knock intensity, retard a first ignition timing of a first engine cylinder by a first amount independently of a second ignition timing of a second engine cylinder.

This disclosure provides a method and apparatus for predicting octane number based on knock pressure amplitude response behavior and multi-feature fusion. The method includes the following steps: extracting knock-related amplitude features characterizing the degree of abnormal high-frequency pressure oscillations during combustion; progressively adjusting the engine compression ratio to induce differences in the knock response of the fuel under different compression ratio conditions; constructing a response behavior descriptor of the knock-related amplitude features as a function of the compression ratio based on the knock response differences; constructing multiple knock-related features based on the response behavior descriptor, and fusing these features to obtain a comprehensive knock response index; and predicting the anti-knock performance of the fuel based on the comprehensive knock response index. This disclosure improves the stability of the anti-knock performance prediction results, more accurately assesses the anti-knock performance of fuel in actual engines, and is applicable to high-octane fuels and oxygenated additive fuel systems, demonstrating strong engineering applicability.

This invention relates to the field of sensor manufacturing technology, specifically to a high-temperature in-situ self-adhesive sensor and its manufacturing method. The method involves obtaining a self-supporting polycrystalline diamond substrate, performing double-sided polishing and surface activation treatment; depositing a piezoelectric layer on the first surface of the substrate, and fabricating electrodes and an antenna; pre-depositing a titanium getter film on the second surface of the substrate, then using a shadow mask to shield it, and constructing a support frame in situ through electroplating a nickel layer or evaporating a molybdenum layer to form a pressure-sensitive cavity; using selective atomic layer deposition (SLD) technology to encapsulate and protect the sensor surface except for the bottom surface to be welded on the support frame; subsequently depositing a Ni-B self-fusing active layer on the exposed bottom of the support frame, attaching it to the device under test, and heating to induce a transient liquid-phase diffusion reaction to achieve atomic-level glue-free fusion integration. During this process, residual gas in the cavity reacts chemically with the pre-placed titanium film at high temperature and is absorbed, thereby forming an absolute pressure cavity.

The invention relates to a sensor device (1) configured for measuring a pressure (P); comprising at least one base body (10) and at least one sensor material (20); which base body (10) is partially formed as a base body membrane (11), which base body membrane (11) is configured to receive the pressure (P) to be measured, and which base body membrane (11) is deflectable under the influence of the pressure (P); wherein the sensor material (20) is partially arranged on the base body membrane (11), which sensor material (20) generates piezoelectric charge (Q20+, Q20-) through the deflection of the base body membrane (11), and an amount of the generated piezoelectric charge (Q20+, Q20-) is proportional to the magnitude of the measured pressure (P); wherein the sensor device (1) is also equipped to measure a temperature (T) and for this purpose has at least one electrical conductor (40), which electrical conductor (40) is arranged on the base body (10);and wherein the temperature (T) to be measured causes a change in resistance (ΔR) of the electrical conductor (40), which change in resistance (ΔR) is proportional to the magnitude of the measured temperature (T).

To provide a sensor device that exhibits a measurement frequency significantly exceeding 200 kHz for measuring pressure. [Solution] The sensor device 1 for measuring pressure P comprises at least one base body 10 and at least one sensor material 20, wherein the base body 10 is formed in several areas as a base diaphragm 11, the base diaphragm 11 senses the pressure P to be measured and is deflected under the influence of the pressure P, the sensor material 20 is placed in several areas on the base diaphragm 11 and generates piezoelectric charges Q20+, QT20- under the influence of the deflection of the base diaphragm 11, the magnitude of the piezoelectric charges Q20+, Q20- is proportional to the value of the pressure P to be measured, and also comprises at least one conductor 40 for measuring temperature T, the conductor 40 is placed on the base body 10, the temperature T to be measured causes a change ΔR in the resistance of the conductor 40, the change ΔR in resistance is proportional to the value of the temperature T to be measured.

The invention belongs to the field of electrochemistry, and particularly relates to a device and a method for detecting saturated vapor pressure of lithium battery electrolyte. According to the technical scheme, the device for detecting the saturated vapor pressure of the lithium battery electrolyte comprises a cavity, a top cover, a polytetrafluoroethylene tube I, a polytetrafluoroethylene tube II, silicone oil, a pressure sensor I, a pressure sensor II, a PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) control constant-temperature heating system and a data collector, one end of a polytetrafluoroethylene tube I and one end of a polytetrafluoroethylene tube II are inserted into the top cover and are communicated with the cavity, the other end of the polytetrafluoroethylene tube I is connected with a pressure sensor I, the other end of the polytetrafluoroethylene tube II is connected with a pressure sensor II, and silicone oil is added into the polytetrafluoroethylene tube I and the polytetrafluoroethylene tube II; the PID control constant-temperature heating system is arranged at the bottom of the cavity, a wire of a data collector is inserted into the top cover, and a probe of the data collector is arranged above the liquid level of the electrolyte in the cavity.

The invention relates to a piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for measuring pressures up to 10 kbar; comprising a housing, a diaphragm, and a measuring unit; the housing being hollow cylindrical and having a shell and a cavity, in which shell at least one mounting means is molded, the piezoelectric high-pressure sensor being mountable at a measuring location via the mounting means; the measuring unit being arranged in the cavity and comprising at least one measuring element made of piezoelectric material; the diaphragm being disc-shaped, with a central region and an edge region, the diaphragm being configured to receive the pressure to be measured via the central region and transmit it along a vertical axis to the measuring unit, and the diaphragm being materially bonded to the shell via the edge region; wherein the measuring element being rod-shaped and operating according to the piezoelectric transverse effect;wherein the measuring element has a length along the vertical axis and a cross-sectional area normal to the vertical axis; wherein the ratio of length to cross-sectional area is in the range of greater than or equal to 1.0 mm⁻¹ to less than or equal to 1.5 mm⁻¹; and wherein the shell has a diameter of less than or equal to 10 mm.