86 results about "Neck parts" patented technology

The present invention provides: a resin container having a hollow grip part, the resin container exhibiting enhanced drop resistance due to increased rigidity of a through-hole outer edge part; an apparatus and a method for manufacturing the resin container; and a blow molding metal mold. A resin container according to one aspect of the present invention comprises: a neck part that forms an inlet / outlet part for accommodated matter; a body part connected to the neck part; a bottom part connected to the body part and configured so as to close up a lower end of the body part; and a hollow grip part connected to and communicating with the body part. A through hole penetrating in a direction intersecting a central axis of the resin container is formed by the body part and the grip part. A reinforcing coupling part that is formed so as to join the body part and the grip part is further provided between the body part and the grip part facing the through hole and opposing each other.

The application relates to the technical field of necking machines, and proposes a continuous step-by-step necking machine which can realize necking operation of pipe materials and rod materials, can more simply switch between necking modes formed by the two materials, can preheat the objects to be necked before necking, is more functional, can realize automatic conveying and taking and placing of the materials, is higher in overall automation degree of the equipment, is better in practicability, and comprises a workbench, a necking part and an induction heater, the induction heater is arranged at the left side of the workbench, the necking part comprises two installation cylinder shells and two installation head shells, the two installation cylinder shells and the two installation head shells are both installed on the workbench, the two installation cylinder shells are fixedly connected with the two installation head shells respectively, the two installation head shells are communicated with the two installation cylinder shells respectively, the front end of each installation head shell is provided with an installation opening, a primary necking cylinder is fixedly installed at the installation opening, and the rear end of the primary necking cylinder is provided with a secondary necking cylinder.

The present disclosure relates to a cleaning handle which can be conveniently operated, comprising a water delivery pipe, a water suction pipe, a cleaning head and a hand-held body; the hand-held body comprises a hand-held part, a bent neck part and a connecting part, the connecting part and the hand-held part have an operation angle therebetween, the cleaning head extends forward along the axis of the connecting part, the cleaning head comprises a head body and a nozzle, the head body is a flat structure with an inner cavity, the nozzle is arranged in the head body, the water delivery pipe comprises an external connecting pipe, a control valve pipe, an internal water delivery branch pipe and a water delivery flexible pipe, and the water suction pipe comprises a joint pipe, an internal water suction branch pipe and a water suction flexible pipe. The cleaning handle has a simple and concise structure, conforms to the ergonomic design, the rear-end pipeline is flexible, and flexible movement and rotation during operation are facilitated; the terminal sections of the water delivery pipe and the water suction pipe are internally arranged in the hand-held shell, the cleaning handle realizes integrated suction, does not hurt the hand, the appearance meets the aesthetic design, and operation is flexible, convenient, labor-saving.

To provide a toothbrush in which the brush, neck part and grip part to be held by hand can be separated. [Solution] A toothbrush is shaped so that a female screw is attached to the neck portion and a male screw is attached to the grip portion, and when replacing the toothbrush, only the brush and neck portion are discarded, and the male screw of the grip portion that has not been discarded can be screwed onto any brush that has the same female screw attached to the neck portion, and the toothbrush can be used as a new toothbrush.

The utility model discloses a multipurpose combined butyl rubber plug, which relates to the technical field of combined rubber plugs and comprises a rubber plug body. The rubber plug body comprises a rubber cap and a neck part, and the rubber cap and the neck part are integrally arranged; an annular groove is formed between the rubber cap and the neck part; the edge of the annular groove is chamfered, and the chamfer radius is 0.5; the rubber plug body and the mating part are detachably and fixedly mounted; the matching piece comprises a matching piece body; the matching part body is cylindrical; a lug boss is integrally arranged at one end, close to the bottom of the rubber cap, of the fitting piece body; a matching ring arranged on the matching piece body is in sealing connection with the annular groove in a matching manner; during combination, the rubber cap is pressed to enable the neck portion to enter the bottle opening, the annular groove is connected with the matching ring on the matching piece body in a clamped mode, sealing is conveniently achieved, the situation of gaps is avoided, the inner clamping ring and the outer clamping ring make effective contact with the inner wall and the outer wall of the bottle opening respectively, and the stability of the rubber plug body and the matching piece after combination is improved through effective contact between the inner clamping ring and the outer clamping ring and between the inner clamping ring and the outer clamping ring and between the inner clamping ring and the outer clamping ring and between the inner clamping ring and the outer clamping ring.

The utility model relates to the technical field of valve rods, and discloses a novel valve rod segmented connector which comprises a segmented connector body, a first valve rod and a second valve rod are arranged on the left side and the right side of the segmented connector body respectively, sealing mechanisms are arranged on the left side and the right side of the segmented connector body, and the first valve rod and the second valve rod are inserted into the segmented connector body. The first valve rod can be positioned and locked by means of threaded connection through the arranged threaded part and inserting the positioning pin into the mounting hole, then the mounting disc B is close to the mounting disc A, the mounting disc B and the mounting disc A can be fixed through the arranged bolt, and at the moment, the mounting disc B and the mounting disc A can be sealed through the sealing coating. The sealing ring and the second valve rod are sealed through the sealing gasket, so that a whole formed by the installation disc B, the necking part and the sealing ring is tightly connected with the segmented connector body and the second valve rod, the sealing effect is good, dust cannot enter from a gap, and friction resistance is effectively reduced.

The utility model discloses a cam shaft with a novel key groove structure, which belongs to the field of cam shafts and comprises a shaft body, a plurality of cam bodies are fixedly connected outside the shaft body, a shaft neck part is arranged at the right end of the shaft body, a key groove body is arranged on the top surface of the shaft neck part, and the shaft neck part is fixedly connected to the right end of the shaft body through a connecting mechanism. The arranged connecting mechanism is used in cooperation with the upper cam shaft, after the key groove body on the journal part is abraded or damaged, the journal part can be replaced so as to achieve the purpose that the abraded or damaged key groove body can be replaced in time, the cam shaft has the function of disassembling, assembling and replacing the key groove body, and by means of the mode, the key groove body can be disassembled, assembled and replaced conveniently. And the key groove bodies in different shapes can be installed on the cam shaft, so that the applicability of the cam shaft is improved, the key groove bodies do not need to be repaired in a time-consuming and labor-consuming mode or the whole cam shaft does not need to be replaced, the maintenance cost of the cam shaft is reduced, and normal use of the cam shaft is guaranteed.

This slider (1) is provided with a slider body (10), a stop member (50), a cover body (70), and a pull tab (40), the stop member (50) having a rotary shaft part (52), a head part (51) that supports the rotary shaft part (52), a neck part (53) that extends rearward from the head part (51), a base part (54) that is connected to the rear end part of the neck part (53), and at least one claw part that protrudes from the bottom surface (54c) of the base part (54), the stop member (50) having a shaft-facing inner peripheral surface (59) that surrounds an attachment shaft part (43) of the pull tab (40), and the at least one claw part being provided further forward in the slider length direction than a reference position (60) when the position of the part of the stop member (50) that is disposed most rearward of the shaft-facing inner peripheral surface (59) is defined as the reference position (60). Through this configuration, the stop function of the stop member (50) can be stably exhibited.

The utility model relates to a cutting pick base body with a neck surrounding a bucket-shaped groove. A plurality of bucket-shaped grooves A and a plurality of bucket-shaped grooves B are uniformly distributed around the neck part of the cutting pick base body; the neck part of the cutting pick base body is also provided with a separation rib; the adjacent bucket-shaped groove A and bucket-shaped groove B are separated by a separation rib; the sections of the adjacent bucket-shaped grooves A and the bucket-shaped grooves B are correspondingly arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner and are spliced into a quadrangle; the upper edge and the lower edge of the quadrangle are horizontally arranged; the two side edges of the quadrangle are equal in length and incline by the same angle relative to the axis of the cutting pick base body. The bucket-shaped groove A and the bucket-shaped groove B cover most of the area of the neck of the cutting pick base body and are used for installing corresponding special-shaped diamond compacts in a brazing mode, and abrasion of cutting chippings can be resisted; the cutting chips flow along the separation ribs; and when the granularity of the cutting chips is larger than the exposed width of the separation ribs, the blocking condition occurs, so that the cutting chips do not flow along the separation ribs any more, and the effect of protecting the neck of the cutting pick base body is achieved.

An anti-inclination device for installation of a large ladle long nozzle replaces an existing round backing ring, is beneficial for guaranteeing the installation perpendicularity of the large ladle long nozzle and preventing the inclination problem, and comprises a first nozzle fixing backing ring for lifting the large ladle long nozzle in a holding mode and a second nozzle fixing backing ring surrounding the first nozzle fixing backing ring. The front side of the first backing ring and the front side of the second backing ring are open, the opening edge of the front side opening covers the large head portion of the large ladle long nozzle, the left side and the right side of the nozzle fixing the first backing ring are straight lines, the rear side of the nozzle fixing the first backing ring are semicircular, the upper section is matched with the circumferential face of the large head portion, and the middle section is matched with the circumferential face of the large ladle long nozzle transition contraction portion. The lower section is matched with the circumferential surface of the long neck part of the large ladle long nozzle, the second nozzle fixing backing ring is square, the upper half part of the second nozzle fixing backing ring is provided with a large-head left side adjusting screw, a large-head right side adjusting screw and a large-head rear side adjusting screw, and the lower half part of the second nozzle fixing backing ring is provided with a neck root left side adjusting screw, a neck root right side adjusting screw and a neck root rear side adjusting screw.

The utility model relates to a shuttle box and base integrated structure of small and medium-sized embroidery machines in the field of embroidery machines, which comprises an embroidery machine base provided with a first accommodating cavity with an upward opening, a supporting table is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and a working area is arranged in front of the embroidery machine base. A shuttle box is integrally machined and formed on the surface of the embroidery machine base, the shuttle box comprises a base body part and a neck hanging part, the base body part is located on the surface of the supporting table, the neck hanging part horizontally extends into the working area, a groove with an upward opening is formed in the neck hanging part, and a second containing cavity with an upward opening is formed in the base body part; the bottom face of the second containing cavity is provided with an installation hole used for installing the thread buckling electromagnet, and the installation hole penetrates through the bottom face of the base body part and the top face of the supporting table, so that the shuttle box can be completed only through machining in the vertical direction, the material cost, the machining cost and the assembling cost are remarkably reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

The utility model relates to a necking-down type steel bearing plate hanging connecting piece and a hanging system, the hanging system comprises a floor bearing plate, the floor bearing plate comprises a bending necking-down part, and the hanging connecting piece comprises a connecting block main body, a bolt connector, a side blocking piece and a connecting bolt; the bolt connector is connected with the connecting block main body; the connecting block main body comprises a first separation blade and a second separation blade; the first separation blade is connected with the second separation blade; the bolt connector is connected with the first separation blade and the second separation blade; the side separation blade is arranged between the first separation blade and the second separation blade; the bolt connector is connected with the connecting bolt; and the connecting block main body is arranged in the bent necking part. Compared with the prior art, the floor support plate is convenient to construct, high in cost performance, free of maintenance and suitable for installation of suspended ceilings, water and electricity pipes, air conditioner pipes and other electromechanical equipment, does not need to be pre-buried, and can avoid drilling, electric welding or gunpowder nailing at the bottom of the floor support plate in the construction process; after being installed, the device can be moved or detached or reinstalled, and the installation process is almost free of noise pollution.

The utility model discloses an anti-falling cupping protection cover, which belongs to the technical field of moxibustion articles and comprises a cover body, a deformable deformation part is arranged at the edge of the cover body, the cover body comprises a neck part, an arm part, a waist part and a leg part which are integrally connected, and the edges of the neck part, the arm part, the waist part and the leg part are fixedly connected with the deformation part; the deformation part is used for adjusting the edge shapes of the neck, the arms, the waist and the legs through deformation so that the cover body can be attached to the human body and cover all moxibustion cans on the human body. The cover body is further provided with a connecting part which is used for being bound with a human body so that the cover body can be fixed to the human body. According to the anti-falling cupping protection cover, the problem that a moxibustion cup is lack of protection after being separated from a hand is solved, the risk that the moxibustion cup falls off and is damaged is reduced, and the effect of protecting the moxibustion cup is achieved.

The utility model discloses an electric energy metering box capable of improving maintenance efficiency, which comprises a box body, the box body is provided with a plurality of wire outlet holes, the wire outlet holes are provided with supporting pieces, the supporting pieces are provided with a plurality of wire passing holes at equal intervals by taking a circle point as an axis, the wire passing holes are provided with necking parts, and the necking parts are provided with a plurality of wire outlet holes. A sealing piece is arranged in the wire passing hole and abuts against the necking-down part, a baffle is arranged at an inlet of the wire passing hole, and a pressing plate capable of ascending and descending is further arranged in the wire passing hole and abuts against the sealing piece. Only one wire can penetrate through the multiple wire passing holes, complex wires can be conveniently arranged and restrained, the overhaul efficiency is improved, after the pressing plate leaves the sealing piece, the wires sequentially penetrate through the baffle, the pressing plate, the sealing piece and the wire passing holes, then the spring enables the pressing plate to be tightly attached to the sealing piece, a sealing barrier is formed, external impurities are prevented from invading, internal equipment is protected, and the service life is prolonged. The product has the advantages of improving the maintenance efficiency, prolonging the service life of equipment, being convenient to operate and the like.

The cervical vertebra pillow comprises a transversely-extending pillow body part, a pillow part is arranged at the front end of the pillow body part, a pillow neck part is elastically connected to the rear end of the pillow body part, the bottom face of the pillow neck part is rough, and the pillow body part and the bottom face of the pillow part are smooth; a supporting structure is arranged on the pillow body part in a penetrating mode towards the interior of the pillow neck part, and the supporting structure extends towards the pillow neck part and is gradually thinned. A reset structure is arranged at the extending end of the supporting structure, the reset structure is vertically arranged in a thin mode and transversely connected to the pillow neck part in a sliding mode, and the extending end of the reset structure is arranged on the outer side of the pillow neck part in a penetrating mode. The cervical vertebra pillow has the effects of avoiding the shoulder position, preventing the shoulder from being suspended and providing good support for the cervical vertebra.

The invention relates to the technical field of hysteroscopes, and discloses a disposable hysteroscope which comprises a grab handle, a mirror rod is arranged on the grab handle, and a guide head is arranged at the end of the mirror rod; the guide head comprises an abduction lip part and a convergent neck part, a guide hole is formed in the center of the abduction lip part, the mirror rod penetrates through the guide hole, the convergent neck part is arranged on the mirror rod in a sleeving mode, the abduction lip part is in a horn shape, the narrow end of the abduction lip part is connected with the convergent neck part, and the convergent neck part makes friction contact with the mirror rod; the mirror rod is close to the guide hole, so that the open end of the abduction lip part is enlarged. According to the disposable hysteroscope, accurate centering of the disposable hysteroscope and a cervical opening can be automatically completed. When the abduction lip is in contact with the cervix uteri, the elastic petal structure can automatically adjust the angle under the interaction of the propulsive force of the mirror rod and the counter-acting force of the cervix uteri tissue until the center of the guide hole coincides with the center of the cervix uteri opening.

The utility model provides a dynamic water purification faucet with larger display area and water outlet state indication, which comprises a faucet shell, the faucet shell comprises a vertically arranged pipe part and a transversely extending neck part, the tail end of the neck part is provided with a water flow outlet, the tail end of the neck part is provided with a water outlet insert, the upper end of the neck part is provided with an opening, and the water outlet insert is provided with a water outlet. A water path connected with the water outlet insert is arranged in the opening, the display screen is arranged above the water path, and the display screen carries out dynamic display according to the water flow state. The faucet has a larger state indication area, can guide the water flow state, and can feed back the working state of the faucet and the water taking type more obviously.

The utility model relates to the technical field of condiment packaging, in particular to a condiment plastic packaging barrel convenient to take and use, which comprises a barrel body assembly, the barrel body assembly comprises a main barrel, the top of the main barrel is provided with a shoulder of a conical structure, and the top of the shoulder is provided with a neck of a cylindrical structure. The anti-blocking assembly is integrally detachable and more flexible to use, normal use of the barrel body assembly is not affected, the sealing assembly adopts double sealing, the first sealing assembly is a sealing plug, the sealing plug and a fixing block are the same in structure but not provided with a rotating shaft, and the sealing plug and the fixing block are not provided with a rotating shaft. The second part is a sealing cover, the sealing cover is detachably connected to the top end of the outer wall of the neck part through matching of threads, the sealing effect of the barrel body assembly is effectively improved through double sealing, and internal seasoning can be prevented from being affected with damp and agglomerated.

The utility model relates to a wine jar sealing inner plug, which is matched with a wine jar opening for use, the outer side of the wine jar opening is provided with a turning edge protruding outwards, the wine jar opening is provided with the wine jar inner plug, and the position of the bottom of the wine jar inner plug corresponding to the top surface of the jar opening is provided with a sealing ring. A protruding ring extending downwards is arranged at the bottom of the wine jar inner plug, and the outer diameter of the protruding ring is matched with the inner diameter of a jar opening. A neck part of the wine jar is formed at the position, below the turned edge, of the wine jar opening, and the outer diameter of the neck part is smaller than that of the turned edge; a convex ring at the bottom of the wine jar inner plug extends downwards to the lower end part of the neck part; according to the wine jar, the distance of the annular gap between the wine jar inner plug and the inner wall of the wine jar is increased, so that wine entering the gap can flow back into the wine jar under the action of gravity when the wine in the wine jar shakes in the transportation and movement process of the wine jar, and the situation that the sealing performance and the wine quality are affected by chemical reaction is avoided.

The invention provides a chip packaging body, which comprises a lining plate and a chip, and is characterized in that the first surface of the lining plate is provided with a groove; the groove is provided with a groove bottom and a groove opening, a necking part is formed in the groove in the direction from the groove bottom to the groove opening, and the caliber of the groove at the necking part is smaller than that of the groove at the groove bottom; one end of the chip is located at the groove bottom, and the other end extends towards the direction away from the groove bottom to form a necking part. A groove is formed in a lining plate, the groove can limit a chip, so that slippage of the chip in the plastic packaging process is improved, the groove is further provided with a necking part, and the caliber of the groove at the necking part is smaller than that of the groove at the bottom of the groove; therefore, after the chip is mounted in the groove, the necking part can limit the chip, and due to the existence of the necking part, an enough gap is reserved between the chip and the edge of the groove bottom of the groove, so that the chip can be prevented from being damaged when being pressed due to the fact that the edge of the groove bottom of the groove is not complete in the processes of sintering, plastic packaging and the like; therefore, the reliability of the chip packaging body is improved.

The utility model relates to a special hanging connecting piece for a necking-down type steel bearing plate and a hanging system, the hanging connecting piece is used for the hanging system, the hanging system comprises a floor bearing plate (5), the floor bearing plate (5) comprises a bending necking-down part (5-1), and the hanging connecting piece comprises a first connecting body (1), a second connecting body (2), a third connecting body (3) and a bolt and nut piece (4); the first connecting body (1), the second connecting body (2) and the third connecting body (3) are connected through bolt and nut pieces (4); and the first bending part (1-2) and the second bending part (2-2) are arranged in the bending necking part (5-1). Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of convenience in construction, high cost performance and no maintenance, and can be applied to the installation of suspended ceilings, water and electricity pipes, air-conditioning pipes and other electromechanical equipment. Pre-burying is not needed, and drilling, electric welding or gunpowder nailing at the bottom of the floor support plate can be avoided in the construction process; after being installed, the device can be moved or detached or reinstalled, and the installation process is almost free of noise pollution.

The invention relates to a detachable table steel pipe assembling device which comprises a base and a steel pipe placed on the base, the base is provided with a bearing seat used for connecting pieces, one side of the bearing seat is provided with a driving assembly, a hooping assembly and an opening and closing assembly, the hooping assembly and the opening and closing assembly are driven by the driving assembly, and the opening and closing assembly is provided with a supporting assembly. The supporting assembly comprises a plurality of supporting plates, moving assemblies and guiding assemblies driven by the moving assemblies are arranged on the supporting plates, the guiding assemblies comprise guiding plates arranged on the two sides of the supporting plates in a sliding mode, and the driving assembly is used for driving the hooping assembly to conduct necking on the two ends of the connecting piece and driving the supporting plates to be unfolded at the same time. The moving assembly is used for driving the guide plate to slide in the necking direction of the connecting piece, and the guide assembly is used for guiding the connecting piece during necking, so that the two ends of the connecting piece are more labor-saving and smoother during necking, the two sides are guided and connected through the guide plate during bending, and breakage caused by excessive necking at the joint of the necking part and the middle part is prevented.

Provided are a method for producing a golf club head and said golf club head wherein deformation in the neck part, occurring as a result of using low-carbon steel, is prevented to improve the feel of a golf club when hitting a ball.　A punch 3 is pressed against an outer peripheral surface 131 of a neck part 13 of a golf club head, which is produced with S10C-S15C low-carbon steel, during the final step of hot forging. The shape of the punch 3 is obtained by halving a hollow cylinder, and in the punch 3, four cross-sectional arc-shaped recessed sections are formed to be evenly spaced as straight bands parallel with one another, causing cross-sectional arc-shaped protruding sections 41 to be formed on the neck part 13. A hardened part that prevents deformation in the neck part 13 is formed by coining the cross-sectional arc-shaped protruding sections 41.

The differential spider convenient to maintain comprises an axis ring and shaft neck parts, four positioning grooves are formed in each of the upper surface and the lower surface of the axis ring, each shaft neck part comprises an upper shaft part and a lower shaft part, and the upper shaft parts and the lower shaft parts are provided with first extending parts and second extending parts which are matched with the positioning grooves correspondingly; a connecting protruding block is arranged on the upper shaft part, and an embedding opening is formed in the lower shaft part, so that when the connecting protruding block and the embedding opening are connected in a buckled mode, the upper shaft part and the lower shaft part can be installed on or detached from the axis ring through matching of the first extending part and the second extending part with the positioning groove, and rapid and convenient installation or detachment of the shaft neck part is achieved; and the problems that more unnecessary loss is caused and the maintenance cost is greatly improved due to the fact that the shaft center ring and the shaft neck in the universal joint pin of the commonly used differential mechanism are of an integrated structure and the universal joint pin can be maintained only by replacing the whole universal joint pin once the universal joint pin is locally damaged are solved.

The utility model relates to a hand hole and neck rotatable type combined structure which comprises a face part, an eye part, a neck part, a rear head part and elliptical through holes formed in the bottom of the face part and the bottom of the rear head part, and the neck part is inserted into the elliptical through holes. The grooves are formed in the rear head part and matched with the eyes, and the eyes are rotationally connected into the grooves. The eyes can rotate, the neck is designed in an inserted mode, a stable combined locking mechanism is formed by combining the face and the oval through hole in the bottom of the rear head, the stability of the head is ensured, meanwhile, the head is allowed to rotate in multiple degrees of freedom, and the action range of hand handling is widened. The design not only improves the ornamental value of the handpiece, but also enhances the interactivity and interestingness of the handpiece, so that the handpiece can better simulate the actions and expressions of a real character, and the diversified expression of the expressions of the handpiece is improved, thereby improving the expressive force of the handpiece when simulating the actions of the real character.

The invention relates to the technical field of drill bit machining, in particular to a drill bit structure with a heat dissipation structure arranged on the neck, a machining device and a machining method.The drill bit structure comprises a supporting table and a workbench fixed to the supporting table, and a clamping assembly used for clamping raw materials is arranged on the supporting table; the lifting assembly is arranged on the workbench, and a supporting plate is connected to the lifting assembly; the locking mechanism is arranged on the supporting plate, a machining cutter is connected to the locking mechanism, a water cooling mechanism is further arranged on the supporting plate, the locking mechanism can lock the position of the machining cutter, the machining cutter is cooled through the water cooling mechanism, and the machining cutter is connected through the locking mechanism. The machining cutter can be rapidly assembled and disassembled, and meanwhile, under the action of the water cooling mechanism, the inner wall and the outer wall of the machining cutter are synchronously cooled, so that it is guaranteed that drill bit machining is conducted smoothly.

The utility model discloses a wearable shoulder and neck device for improving body temperament, and relates to the technical field of body correction devices, the wearable shoulder and neck device comprises a body support, the body support is composed of a mounting plate and a mounting rod, the mounting plate is arranged at the upper end of the mounting rod, and a head bandage is arranged at the upper end of the mounting plate. A shoulder and neck correcting assembly is arranged below the head bandage, a shoulder rod is arranged at the upper end of the mounting rod, and a waist bandage is arranged at the lower end of the mounting rod. According to the body shape correcting device, the shoulder and neck correcting assembly is arranged, the shoulder and neck supporting sleeves on the two sides are driven by the driving assembly to move towards the inner side, the shoulders and the neck of a user are corrected, and the defects of an existing body shape correcting device are overcome.