500results about How to "Reduce hysteresis" patented technology

A device comprising: a chamber containing two immiscible conductive liquids, the liquids having an interface therebetween; and electrodes arranged to apply a voltage across the interface between the said liquids such as to control the shape of the interface.

A method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of (i) polymerizing conjugated diene monomer by employing a lanthanide-based catalyst to form a reactive polymer, and (ii) reacting the reactive polymer with a protected oxime compound.

Diene rubber compositions are described containing a diene elastomer, a reinforcing inorganic filler, and a coupling agent wherein the inorganic filler includes a silica having the following characteristics:

• • (a) a BET specific surface area between 45 and 400 m²/g;
  • (b) a CTAB specific surface area between 40 and 380 m²/g;
  • (c) an average particle size (by mass), d_w, of 20 to 300 nm; and at least one of the following characteristics, preferably two and more preferably all three: (d) a particle size distribution such that dw≧/CTAB)−30; (e) a porosity which meets the criterion L/FI≧−0.0025 CTAB+0.85;
  • (f) an amount of silanols per unit of surface area, N_SiOH/nm²; N_SiOH/nm²≦−0.027 CTAB+10.5. These diene rubber compositions can be used for the manufacture of tires or of semi-finished products intended for tires.

Alkoxy-modified silsesquioxane compounds are described. The alkoxy-modified silsesquioxane compounds contain an alkoxysilane group that participates in an alkoxysilane-silica reaction as a silica dispersing agent in rubber, with the release of zero to about 0.1% by weight of the rubber of volatile organic compounds (VOC), especially alcohol, during compounding and further processing. Further described are methods for making alkoxy-modified silsesquioxanes, methods for making vulcanizable rubber compounds containing alkoxy-modified silsesquioxanes, vulcanizable rubber compounds containing alkoxy-modified silsesquioxanes, and pneumatic tires comprising a component that contains alkoxy-modified silsesquioxanes.

A sonic actuator including a multi-layer membrane having a non-metallic elastomeric dielectric polymer layer with a first surface and a second surface, a first compliant electrode layer contacting the first surface of the polymer layer, and a second compliant electrode layer contacting the second surface of the polymer layer. The actuator further includes a support structure in contact with the sonic actuator film. Preferably, the non-metallic dielectric polymer is selected from the group consisting essentially of silicone, fluorosilicone, fluoroelastomer, natural rubber, polybutadiene, nitrile rubber, isoprene, and ethylene propylene diene. Also preferably, the compliant electrode layer is made from the group consisting essentially of graphite, carbon, and conductive polymers. The support structure can take the form of grid having a number of circular apertures. When a voltage is applied to the electrodes, portions of the film held at the aperture of the support structure can bulge due to the electrostriction phenomenon. The resultant “bubbles” can be modulated to generate sonic vibrations, or can be used to create a variable surface for airflow control.

A functional styrene-butadiene copolymer is disclosed. More specifically, the copolymer is prepared by radical polymerization of a styrene monomer, a butadiene monomer and an epoxy acrylate monomer in an emulsion state and ring-opening of the resultant styrene-butadiene-epoxy acrylate copolymer. When blended with silica, the disclosed copolymer provides excellent wet stopping performance and superior wear resistance. Therefore, it can be usefully applied for industrial materials including fuel-efficient tires, snow tires, belts, hoses, etc.

The present invention is directed to new and improved solutions for packaging contact lenses and to methods for treating contact lenses with such solutions to improve the comfort of the lenses during wear. In particular, the present invention is directed to packing solutions comprising certain non-ionic surfactants containing a poly(oxyalkylene) copolymer and having a molecular weight of 4000 to 30,000. Such surfactants are retained on the surface of an unused lens for extended periods of time, resulting in surface modification that persists in the eye, thereby providing significant improvement in the wetting properties of fresh contact lenses used for the first time and, moreover, even several hours after lens insertion, preventing dryness and improving lubricity.

Amino alkoxy-modified silsesquioxanes (amino AMS), and/or amino co-AMS compounds that also comprise a mercaptosilane or a blocked mercaptosilane, are excellent adhesives for coating plated or unplated metal wire for adherence of the wire to a rubber stock. The amino AMS and/or the amino/mercaptan co-AMS adhesives can be used with all types of rubber and there is no requirement for the use of special adhesive additives to the rubber vulcanizates, such as, but not limited to, cobalt, resins and high sulfur levels. In particular, the use of amino AMS and/or amino/mercaptan co-AMS compounds as adhesives for bonding wire to rubber also improves the adherence performance of the reinforcements to obtain sufficient bonding that is resistant to degradation over the course of time, especially resistance to thermal aging and/or thermo-oxidizing aging, in particular corrosion in the presence of water.

A capacitive type sensor includes a pair of electrodes disposed on a surface of an insulating substrate to face with each other, and a water vapor sensitive disposed between and in contact with the electrodes. These electrodes are each constituted by an electrically conductive material whose linear thermal expansion coefficient is less than that of the water vapor sensitive film and is substantially the same as that of the insulating substrate, and suppresses a swelling of the water vapor sensitive film caused when the sensor is placed in a high temperature/humidity environment, thus suppressing drift deterioration of the sensor.

This invention discloses a method for preparing rubber compositions that exhibit unique combinations of properties that are desirable for tire tread applications for enhanced snow/ice and wet traction, low rolling resistance and increased treadwear performance in comparison with conventional silica compounds. Specifically, a high reactively silane coupling agent, such as a mercaptosilane, is used in combination with a silane coupling typically used for silica tread compounds such as bis(triethoxylsilylpropyl)disulfide to treat silica pellets in a hydrocarbon solvent at elevated temperatures. The treated silica is then blended with solution elastomer cement in a hydrocarbon solvent. The deposited reactive silanes partially react with the elastomer molecules forming a layer of polymer grafted on the silica surfaced. This structure significantly improves the silica retention during the steam stripping operation. Almost 100% (99+%) silica retention has been achieved by this invention. After solvent removal from steam stripping, the treated silica/elastomer mixer is dewatered and dried using conventional equipment such as shaker screens, expellers and expanders to form a well-dispersed silica masterbatch. This technique results in silica compounds with excellent silica dispersion and increased filler-polymer interaction, hence enhanced compound performance such as better physical properties, more desirable dynamic properties (low hysteresis at high temperatures and high hysteresis at low temperatures) and increased abrasion resistance.

The present invention provides methods for purifying a layer of carbon nanotubes comprising providing a precursor layer of substantially aligned carbon nanotubes supported by a substrate, wherein the precursor layer comprises a mixture of first carbon nanotubes and second carbon nanotubes; selectively heating the first carbon nanotubes; and separating the first carbon nanotubes from the second carbon nanotubes, thereby generating a purified layer of carbon nanotubes. Devices benefiting from enhanced electrical properties enabled by the purified layer of carbon nanotubes are also described.

This invention relates to the preparation of a silica reinforced elastomer via preparation of a silica-elastomer masterbatch as a composite of synthetic silica and an emulsion polymerization prepared synthetic elastomer. Such masterbatch is prepared by introducing such silica and a silane into a latex of the synthetic elastomer and recovering the composite thereof The invention further includes a rubber composition of at least two elastomers wherein at least one of said elastomers is such masterbatched composite. A tire having a component of such rubber composition, particularly a tire tread, is specifically contemplated.

The invention provides a pixel driving circuit and an organic light-emitting display device. The pixel driving circuit comprises a driving transistor, a first light-emitting control transistor, a second light-emitting control transistor, an organic light-emitting element, a first power supply signal terminal, a transmitting signal terminal and a first node, wherein the first node is electrically connected with the drain of the driving transistor, and the first node is electrically connected with the first electrode of the second light-emitting control transistor. The pixel driving circuit alsocomprises a first reset transistor, a first scanning signal terminal and a first reset signal terminal, wherein the gate of the first reset transistor is electrically connected with the first scanning signal terminal; the first electrode of the first reset transistor is electrically connected with the first node; and the second electrode of the first reset transistor is electrically connected with the first reset signal terminal. The pixel driving circuit executes a first initialization stage, current flows through the driving transistor from the source of the driving transistor to the drainof the driving transistor, threshold voltage offset caused by bias stress is eliminated, and the hysteresis effect and the ghost image phenomenon are alleviated.