306 results about "Angular distance" patented technology

A system and method for eye gaze tracking in human or animal subjects without calibration of cameras, specific measurements of eye geometries or the tracking of a cursor image on a screen by the subject through a known trajectory. The preferred embodiment includes one uncalibrated camera for acquiring video images of the subject's eye(s) and optionally having an on-axis illuminator, and a surface, object, or visual scene with embedded off-axis illuminator markers. The off-axis markers are reflected on the corneal surface of the subject's eyes as glints. The glints indicate the distance between the point of gaze in the surface, object, or visual scene and the corresponding marker on the surface, object, or visual scene. The marker that causes a glint to appear in the center of the subject's pupil is determined to be located on the line of regard of the subject's eye, and to intersect with the point of gaze. Point of gaze on the surface, object, or visual scene is calculated as follows. First, by determining which marker glints, as provided by the corneal reflections of the markers, are closest to the center of the pupil in either or both of the subject's eyes. This subset of glints forms a region of interest (ROI). Second, by determining the gaze vector (relative angular or Cartesian distance to the pupil center) for each of the glints in the ROI. Third, by relating each glint in the ROI to the location or identification (ID) of a corresponding marker on the surface, object, or visual scene observed by the eyes. Fourth, by interpolating the known locations of each these markers on the surface, object, or visual scene, according to the relative angular distance of their corresponding glints to the pupil center.

A system and method for eye gaze tracking in human or animal subjects without calibration of cameras, specific measurements of eye geometries or the tracking of a cursor image on a screen by the subject through a known trajectory. The preferred embodiment includes one uncalibrated camera for acquiring video images of the subject's eye(s) and optionally having an on-axis illuminator, and a surface, object, or visual scene with embedded off-axis illuminator markers. The off-axis markers are reflected on the corneal surface of the subject's eyes as glints. The glints indicate the distance between the point of gaze in the surface, object, or visual scene and the corresponding marker on the surface, object, or visual scene. The marker that causes a glint to appear in the center of the subject's pupil is determined to be located on the line of regard of the subject's eye, and to intersect with the point of gaze. Point of gaze on the surface, object, or visual scene is calculated as follows. First, by determining which marker glints, as provided by the corneal reflections of the markers, are closest to the center of the pupil in either or both of the subject's eyes. This subset of glints forms a region of interest (ROI). Second, by determining the gaze vector (relative angular or cartesian distance to the pupil center) for each of the glints in the ROI. Third, by relating each glint in the ROI to the location or identification (ID) of a corresponding marker on the surface, object, or visual scene observed by the eyes. Fourth, by interpolating the known locations of each these markers on the surface, object, or visual scene, according to the relative angular distance of their corresponding glints to the pupil center.

A multi-head actuator data storage device reads and writes data simultaneously to one of a plurality m of heads, the plurality of m heads mounted on each of n head actuators where the plurality of n head actuators are separated from each other by an angular separation distance of 360 / n degrees. The data on the disk is organized into a plurality of logical sectors, each logical sector comprising n ordered physical sectors, where the plurality n of ordered physical sectors is separated by the same angular distance separating the head actuators. During a write operation, each head actuator independently seeks to a unique physical sector, and the order of the physical sectors is communicated to a data de-multiplexer which writes de-multiplexed data to the physical sectors in a predetermined order. During a read operation, each head actuator independently seeks to a unique physical sector selected for minimum access time, and the order of the physical sectors is communicated to the data multiplexer such that the predetermined order is preserved during the multiplexing of the data arriving from the n head actuators simultaneously.

An arrangement for the detection of relative movements of two objects with four measuring cells as vertical measuring device for the detection of a relative movement perpendicular to an imaginary plane, with the measuring cells being arranged in such a manner that their vertical projections onto the plane are arranged at an identical angular distance from each other about a centre. Further, a force and / or moment sensor with a first board and a second board which are elastically connected with each other and movable relative to one another.

A stackable, passive thermally regulated, knockdown shipping container. The container includes (i) a pair of separate and independent interchangeable end panels, each carrying a detachable panel of fragile thermal insulation, and (ii) a plurality of separate and independent sidewall components each having at least two hingedly interconnected structural panels which carry a detachable panel of fragile thermal insulation. The end panels are each configured and arranged with (a) an external set of projections operable for stably supporting the container on a planar surface, and (b) an external set of depressions. The depressions are configured and arranged such that each projection on the panel, if inverted, would nest within a corresponding depression on the panel upon rotation of the inverted set of projections a defined angular distance about a longitudinal axis of the container relative to the set of depressions.

Equipment and techniques for the accurate estimates of the turbulence profile to improve the performance of adaptive optics systems designed to compensate the degradation effects of turbulence on directed energy systems, in astronomy, and in laser communication systems. The present invention is an optical turbulence profiler. The invention includes a cross-path LIDAR. The cross-path LIDAR technique uses laser guide star technology combined with a cross-path wavefront sensing method. In this method, two Rayleigh, or sodium, laser beacons separated at some angular distance are created by using a pulsed laser and a range-gated receiver. In preferred embodiments a Hartmann wavefront sensor measures the wavefront slopes from two laser guide stars. The cross-correlation coefficients of the wavefront slope are calculated, and the turbulence profile of refractive index structure characteristic Cn2(z) is reconstructed from the measured slope cross-correlations.

A guiding grid of variable geometry comprises a plurality of guiding vanes in a housing in angular distances around a central axis in an axially extending vane space of a predetermined axial distance. Each vane is pivotal about an associated pivoting axis to assume different angles in relation to the central axis and, thus, to form a nozzle of variable cross-section between each pair of adjacent vanes. A nozzle ring supports the vanes around the central axis and forms a first axial limitation of the vane space. A unison ring is displaceable relative to the nozzle ring and is connected to the vanes to pivot them. An annular disk is fixed to the housing and faces the nozzle ring in an axial distance to form a second axial limitation of the vane space and a central opening. Into this opening, a sleeve may be inserted. A fixing arrangement determines the axial position of the annular disk with respect to the housing.

The invention provides a simulator of a star sensor. The simulator comprises a collimating objective lens, wherein a focal plane of the collimating objective lens is provided with a star point target; the star point target is imaged at infinity through the collimating objective lens; a light splitting component is arranged between the collimating objective lens and the star point target; the focal plane of a light splitting optical path on the side face of the light splitting component is also provided with a detection target; the star point target is fixed on a focal plane adjusting mechanism; and a target lighting device is used for lighting the star point target. In the simulator, a technology which is different from the scheme of the conventional star simulator is adopted, so that the problem of poor accuracy of simulation of angular distance between stars of the conventional star simulator is solved; and the simulator can be used for extremely-high-accuracy simulation of a star and asteroid array of an asteroid autonomous navigation extremely-high-accuracy star sensor, verification of measurement accuracy and autonomous navigation and positioning accuracy of the star sensor, and has broad application prospect in research of a deep space autonomous navigation sensor.

A control device is provided, in particular for use in endoscopes or the like. The control device has proximal and distal end sections each comprising an area of articulation and a central section arranged therebetween. The control device also comprises outer and inner hollow cylindrical shafts and a control element arranged between the shafts. Two or more longitudinal elements extend substantially from the proximal to the distal end section and transfer force. For an optimized control function, the longitudinal elements are arranged at essentially regular angular distances in a circumferential direction of the control device and are connected to one another in the circumferential direction in the region of their respective proximal and distal ends. The distal ends of the longitudinal elements are secured in the circumferential direction in angular positions which are different to the angular positions, in which the respectively associated proximal ends are secured.

The present invention relates to a medicament delivery device comprising an elongated housing arranged to contain a medicament container which medicament container contains a number of doses; a dose counter mechanism comprising a dose drum arranged with dose indicia on its outer surface and visible through a window on said housing; a rotatable driver connected to said dose drum; a plunger rod arranged to act on said medicament container for expelling a dose of medicament; an actuation mechanism connected to said rotatable driver and to said plunger rod when said medicament delivery device is actuated; wherein said dose drum is arranged with internal threads, in engagement with corresponding threads on said driver, wherein said threads have a certain pitch; wherein said dose drum is also arranged with external threads in engagement with corresponding threads arranged fixed in relation to said housing, wherein said threads have a certain pitch; and wherein the pitch of the threads between the dose drum and fixed in relation to the housing is lesser than the threads between the dose drum and the driver such that when said driver is rotated a certain angular distance, said dose drum is rotated a lesser angular distance.

A cutting tool has a shank with a cylindrical portion that is adapted to fit closely within a tool holder. The shank is adapted to be engaged by a setscrew of the tool holder at a first contact point. A clearance surface is provided opposite the first contact point. The clearance surface terminates adjacent two circumferentially spaced points that make contact with the tool holder upon tightening the setscrew. These contact points are circumferentially spaced from the first contact point angular distances greater than 90 degrees and less than 270 degrees.

A head-up display for a vehicle has a laser and a scanning system. An image, which is to be displayed in the field of vision of the driver of the vehicle and which is composed of individual pixels, is produced pixel-by-pixel by the laser and the scanning system. The head-up display has a projection system having a projection surface and a magnifying optical system. The projection system projects the image to be displayed onto a virtual image plane and magnifies the image in the process. The size of the pixels in the virtual image plane is smaller than the resolving ability of the human eye, which is the case for an angular distance less than 0.5′, for example.

The invention discloses a satellite autonomous navigation system and a satellite autonomous navigation method integrating a pulsar radiation vector and timing observation. The system obtains pulse arrival time and accurately obtains a pulsar radiation direction vector by using a time distinguishing detector and a collimator, and obtains a geocentric direction vector by using an infrared or ultraviolet horizon sensor; a navigation computer respectively completes a pulsar timing observation navigation algorithm under a geocentric coordinate system, a pulsar positioning algorithm based on angular distance measurement and a geometric orientation algorithm based on angular distance measurement by using the pulsar pulse arrival time, the radiation direction vector and the geocentric direction vector, and obtains the position, the speed, the attitude and the on-track movement direction of a spacecraft through integration of several algorithms, so as to complete the autonomous navigation of an orbiting satellite, and output high-precision position, attitude and speed information. The system is suitable for autonomous operation control of orbiting satellites or constellations of the earth or other planets.

An industrial roll includes: a substantially cylindrical core having an outer surface; a polymeric cover circumferentially overlying the core outer surface; and a sensing system. The sensing system comprises: a plurality of sensors embedded in the cover, the sensors configured to detect an operating parameter of the roll and provide signals representative of the operating parameter, wherein one of the plurality of sensors is a tracking sensor and the remaining sensors are non-tracking sensors; and a processor operatively associated with the sensors that processes signals provided by the sensors. The sensors are arranged at a substantially equal radial distance from the core outer surface, such that they define a circle when viewed from an end of the roll. Each of the non-tracking sensors is further arranged at a substantially equal first angular distance from its immediate non-tracking sensor neighbors, two endmost non-tracking sensors defining an angular gap. The tracking sensor is disposed in the angular gap, such that a second angular distance defined by the tracking sensor and either of the endmost sensors differs from the first angular distance. In this configuration, the sensing system can identify from which sensor signals are generated without a trigger signal generator or accelerometer.

The method includes steps: building up kinematical equation of earth satellite orbit based on rectangular coordinate system; building up measurement equation based on angular distance of starlight as measuring quantity; building up discrete type extended Kalman filtering equation to determine whether extended Kalman filtering is divergent; using prognostic filtering residual to determine whether extended Kalman filter is divergent; if yes, then the method carries out estimating statistic characteristics of noise; otherwise, carrying out calculation according to standard extended Kalman filtering program. The invention solves issue that divergence of noise filter caused by inaccurate determination of statistic characteristics of noise influences on navigation accuracy. Advantages are: independent, flexible and simple, and high precision. The invention is especially suitable to earth application satellite needed high navigation accuracy in resource, weather areas etc.

An apparatus and method for separating animal waste from litter are provided. In one form, the apparatus includes a drum that contains litter and a helical rake that is rotatable in the drum. The rake can rotate relative to the drum to reduce power requirements for the rotary rake drive. Preferably, the drum is also rotatable by turning of the rake in the drum, but only for a limited, fixed angular distance which also reduces peak power requirements for the rotary drive motor for the rake.

An external force detecting device comprises a hollow-cylindrical support section, an action section disposed centrally inside the support section, and an optical displacement sensor which includes, at the action section on its center axis: a light source to emit a light beam in a direction along the center axis of the action section; a light branching member to branch the light beam into three light beams to progress respectively in three directions oriented at an equi-angular distance; and a light reflecting member to reflect the three light beams in a direction parallel to a plane perpendicular to the center axis, and which also includes, at the support section, three light receiving elements arranged in a rotation-symmetric manner at a 120 degree interval with their light receiving faces looking toward the center axis of the action section so as to receive respectively the three light beams reflected.

Disclosed herein is a head-moving razor having a movable head. The head-moving razor includes a head part, which has a drive motor and press blades, and a body part. The head part is movable relative to the body part. The body part is provided at the upper end thereof with a space part, which is defined between the upper surface of the body part and the lower surface of the head part. The upper surface of the body part is spaced a predetermined distance from the lower surface of the head part. The body part is also provided at the upper end thereof with supporting walls, which are protruded upward from the space part. The head part is attached to the supporting walls of the body part such that the head part can be moved a predetermined angular distance. The head part is smoothly moved a predetermined angular distance according to the movement of the hand of a user. Consequently, the cutting force of the head-moving razor is improved, and the smooth shaving operation of the head-moving razor is accomplished.

The invention discloses an identification method for a triangular star atlas based on the characteristics of inertia ratio. The method comprises the following steps: constructing and storing a navigational feature library containing centroid inertia ratio of navigational triangles and angular distance of one side of the navigational triangles; determining triangles to be observed according to theamount of stars to be observed in a field of view, and determining centroid inertia ratio of all the triangles to be observed and angular distance of sides of the triangles that have same attribute as the sides stored in the navigational feature library; matching the centroid inertia ratio and angular distance of the sides of all the triangles to be observed determined in the previous step with the centroid inertia ratio and angular distance of the sides in the navigational feature library, and determining navigational triangles matching with the triangles to be observed; establishing a referential star atlas based on the matched navigational triangles, and carrying out star and point matching on the referential star atlas and a star atlas to be observed so as to complete the process of identification. The method provided in the invention can reduce storage space as well as improve the speed of matching.

The present invention relates to a medicament delivery device comprising an elongated housing arranged to contain a medicament container which medicament container contains a number of doses; a dose counter mechanism comprising a dose drum arranged with dose indicia on its outer surface and visible through a window on said housing; a rotatable driver connected to said dose drum; a plunger rod arranged to act on said medicament container for expelling a dose of medicament; an actuation mechanism connected to said rotatable driver and to said plunger rod when said medicament delivery device is actuated; wherein said dose drum is arranged with internal threads, in engagement with corresponding threads on said driver, wherein said threads have a certain pitch; wherein said dose drum is also arranged with external threads in engagement with corresponding threads arranged fixed in relation to said housing, wherein said threads have a certain pitch; and wherein the pitch of the threads between the dose drum and fixed in relation to the housing is lesser than the threads between the dose drum and the driver such that when said driver is rotated a certain angular distance, said dose drum is rotated a lesser angular distance.

A bearing plate for use in an anchor assembly and associated method are provided. The bearing plate may have a body with a middle portion with a helical configuration about an axis. Leading and trailing portions are also included on either end of the middle portion. An upper leading portion surface may extend an angular distance from 5° to 45° about the axis. The upper leading and middle portion surfaces may extend at different rates in the axial direction per extension about the axis in order to reduce friction on the leading portion during insertion. Additionally or alternatively, the middle portion of the body may be tapered and / or included a rounded outer edge in order to reduce friction during insertion and / or to increase ease of manufacture. A method of putting together an anchor assembly in the field in order to achieve a desired bearing capacity is also disclosed.

Detachable fastening system between a male piece (2) and a female piece (1), pin (3) and female piece (1), specifically for use in machines for moving earth and stones. It is formed by a tooth (2) with a transverse aperture, a tooth holder (2) with another transverse aperture, a pin with an intermediate nipple, and an elastic tensor (4) located in a complementary cavity of the tooth holder (2). The penetration and subsequent rotation of the pin (3) immobilizes it axially, as it is held in said angular position by the action of the tensor (4). In addition, the pin (3) has at one end a projection that interacts with a groove ramped helicoidally and fitted in the aperture of the tooth in order to absorb the axial forces, by unloading the tensor (4) thereof, and also in order to limit the angular distance travelled by the pin between the blocking and unblocking positions, and in order to facilitate possible extraction thereof.

Control over velocity of a model train may be determined based upon the speed of rotation of a control knob. A processor receives electronic pulses indicating rotation of the knob beyond a predetermined increment of angular distance. The processor calculates the amount of power ultimately conveyed to the model train based not only upon the number of pulses received, but also upon the elapsed time between these pulses. The shorter the elapsed time between pulses, the greater the change in power communicated to the train. Initially, a user can rapidly rotate the knob to attain coarse control over a wide range of velocities, and then rotate the knob more slowly to achieve fine-grained control over the coarse velocity. Utilizing the control scheme in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, in a compact and uninterrupted physical motion, a user can rapidly exercise both coarse and fine control over velocity of a model train.

A self-calibration method and apparatus for on-axis rotary encoders comprising the steps of: receiving output signals from a detector during a spindle-free response period, the signals including a plurality of data sets wherein each data set comprises the periods between sampling events occurring in one revolution of the encoder at an angular speed, selecting a data set pair from the output signals, wherein the data set pair contains two linearly uncorrelated data sets; defining a model of the angular distances between each sampling event occurring in one revolution of the encoder as a function of one or more damping coefficients and the periods between each sampling event as contained in the data set pair; solving the model for the angular distances for the data set pair using circular closure and dynamic reversal techniques; and establishing an encoder error map using the selected solved angular distances from the model.

A fractal impeller design for stirred tank reactors comprising plurality of main branches, each of which further having plurality of sub-branches with each sub branch having plurality of blades to distribute / dissipate energy in uniform manner and to achieve uniform temperature throughout the reactor while operating it at lower impeller speed to avoid high shear zones; wherein, the angular distances covered by the blades vary and yield variation in the local blade passage velocity for a given impeller rotation speed.

A propulsion unit for an aircraft, comprising one turbine engine and a mounting device for a turbine engine designed to be added laterally on an aircraft structure and comprising a rigid mounting structure. The rigid mounting structure supports at least one arch which is concave towards the longitudinal axis of the propulsion unit and which has a distal end at an angular distance of between 45 and 120 degrees from a vertical plane passing through the axis, on the other side of the structure, and supporting a distal connecting element connecting the turbine engine to the arch.

A method of starting an engine is provided. The engine includes a cylinder and a fuel injector configured to directly inject fuel into the cylinder. The method includes: at an engine start condition, receiving a sensed engine position, in response to the sensed engine position correlating with a stored engine stop position, injecting fuel directly into the cylinder at a next suitable engine position for a first combustion cycle, and in response to the sensed engine position not correlating with the stored engine stop position, rotating a shaft of the engine an angular distance without injecting fuel directly into the cylinder until the sensed engine position correlates with another parameter, and thereupon, injecting fuel directly into the cylinder at a next suitable engine position for a first combustion cycle.

The invention discloses a method and device for extracting image texture features, which can accurately and quickly extract the texture features of the original image and improve the robustness of the texture features. The method for extracting image texture features provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes: acquiring the grayscale image of the original image; dividing the grayscale image into a plurality of image blocks, and calculating the grayscale co-occurrence matrix of each image block; , contrast, entropy and related features are used as the selected texture features, and the texture features of each image block are calculated according to each gray level co-occurrence matrix; according to the texture features of each image block, the corresponding texture features of the original image are obtained.