58 results about "Electrostriction" patented technology

The invention discloses a kilometer deep well roadway toughness regulation and control supporting system and a dynamic design method, and belongs to the field of deep well roadway supporting. The supporting system comprises a multi-layer collaborative structure and an intelligent regulation and control module, the multi-layer collaborative structure sequentially comprises a shape memory alloy energy absorption layer used for resisting impact loads and a gradient pore foam metal buffer layer used for energy grading dissipation from inside to outside, and the multi-layer collaborative structure is connected with roadway surrounding rock in an anchoring mode through an anchor rod anchoring structure; the intelligent regulation and control module comprises a distributed optical fiber sensor array used for monitoring surrounding environment signals of surrounding rock in real time, an electrostriction driver used for regulating and controlling the rigidity of the multi-layer cooperative structure and a multi-channel data fusion terminal used for achieving underground and surface data transmission synchronization. By the adoption of the kilometer deep well roadway toughness regulation and control supporting system and the dynamic design method, the problems that a traditional supporting mode is too high in material rigidity, lacks dynamic regulation and control capacity and is insufficient in impact toughness can be solved.

The invention discloses a low-howling multilayer ceramic dielectric capacitor and a preparation method thereof, and an end sealing tool, and relates to the technical field of cleaning capacitor structures and preparation methods and end sealing, the capacitor comprises a positive end electrode, a negative end electrode and an inner electrode, and the inner electrode comprises a plurality of inner electrode layers stacked in the Z-axis direction; when current passes through the capacitor, the direction of the current is the horizontal X-axis direction; when the vertical direction is the Y-axis direction, the Z-axis direction is perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction; the inter-plate electrostriction stress transfer direction of the inner electrode layer is an XZ plane, and the electrostriction stress transfer direction between the positive end electrode and the negative end electrode is an XY plane. According to the invention, the direction of the terminal electrode is changed, so that the purpose of dispersing and guiding the electrostrictive stress of each component in the MLCC under the conditions that hardware is not changed, the space height is not influenced and the ceramic material is not changed is achieved.

The invention discloses a driving power supply fault switching method and system, particularly relates to the technical field of power system relay protection, and is used for solving the problem that an existing relay power supply switching system causes misoperation due to common-mode interference caused by ground fault transient potential gradient. An earth screen potential gradient is collected in real time, a control cable orthogonal electric field component is measured synchronously, an electric field fiber bundle structure is reconstructed based on topology invariant distribution of a cable surface topology sequence substance, and a common-mode interference coupling coefficient is generated according to a space vector relation between an earth screen gradient direction and a reconstructed electric field; the coupling coefficient is converted into electrostrictive strain through the inverse piezoelectric effect, then a dynamic compensation voltage instruction is generated, finally, the compensation instruction is superposed to a power supply control loop to drive a standby power supply to be switched, the coupling influence of earth screen transient interference on a relay is eliminated from the physical mechanism level, the problem of misoperation is fundamentally solved, and the reliability of the relay is improved. And the reliability of power supply switching of the ultrahigh-voltage power transmission and transformation system is

The invention relates to the field of intelligent surfaces and flexible electronics, and discloses a light-emitting structure with intelligent touch and light-transmitting display functions and a control system.The light-emitting structure sequentially comprises a stress buffer layer, a touch function layer and a light-transmitting surface layer from inside to outside, and the stress buffer layer is provided with a micron-sized corrugated structure; flexible photoelectric display modules are integrated in the troughs; the touch function layer is made of an elastomer material containing a nanowire network, and a micro hydraulic tactile feedback unit is embedded in the touch function layer; the light-transmitting surface layer is provided with micro-nano textures and is used for generating diffuse reflection on ambient light and presenting matte texture when no light is emitted from the interior. Excellent flexible stretching and curved surface adaptability are achieved through the corrugated structure and the lap joint sliding conductive network, and accurate touch control is ensured; millisecond-level local physical touch is provided through an electrostriction driving hydraulic amplification principle; the invisible display effect is achieved in combination with the light-transmitting skin, and the problems of mechanical failure and tactile feedback deficiency in vehicle-mounted curved surface interaction are solved.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of loudspeakers, and discloses an in-ear loudspeaker, which comprises a shell and a vibrating diaphragm, the shell is provided with an inner cavity and a sound outlet, and the sound outlet is positioned on one side of the inner cavity; the vibrating diaphragm comprises a diaphragm and a dangling edge, the diaphragm is connected with the inner wall of the shell on one side, far away from the sound outlet, of the inner cavity, one end, close to the sound outlet, of the diaphragm can move relative to the other end, the dangling edge is connected between the outer wall of the diaphragm and the inner wall of the inner cavity, the dangling edge and the diaphragm are matched to divide the inner cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity which are not communicated with each other, and the front cavity is communicated with the sound outlet; wherein the diaphragm is configured as an electrostrictive element or a magnetostrictive element. By arranging the diaphragm and the dangling edge, the vibrating diaphragm is a vibrating body and a voice diaphragm, so that the structure of the loudspeaker is greatly simplified, the production cost is reduced, the effective vibration quality is reduced, and the sound pressure level is improved.

An electrostrictive element (1) of this invention is an electrostrictive element through which an electromagnetic wave is transmitted, and includes a metamaterial cell (10) in which a layer (11) made of a material having an electrostrictive effect and one of a dielectric layer (12) and a conductive layer (13) are stacked. A dimension and a dielectric constant of the metamaterial cell change due to application of an external electric field, thereby changing a characteristic of the electromagnetic wave. Hence, this invention can provide an electrostrictive element that can accurately, actively control a metamaterial device.

The invention discloses a grating and a display device, the part of a shading area of the grating comprises an electrostriction layer, at least one part of the electrostriction layer is arranged between a first transparent electrode and a second transparent electrode, and the electrostriction layer is used for shading light; when the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode are powered on, the electrostriction layer stretches or shrinks in the preset direction under the action of an electric field generated by the first transparent electrode 300 and the second transparent electrode 400, the width of the shading area is adjusted, so that the width of the light transmitting area is changed, and the thickness of the electrostriction layer is adjusted. The method is beneficial for optimizing the viewing distance and the eye spacing of a viewer when the viewer uses the 3D display, so that the viewing degree of freedom of the viewer when the viewer uses the 3D display is improved.

An electrostrictive element (1) of this invention is an electrostrictive element through which an electromagnetic wave is transmitted, and includes a metamaterial cell (10) in which a layer (11) made of a material having an electrostrictive effect and one of a dielectric layer (12) and a conductive layer (13) are stacked. A dimension and a dielectric constant of the metamaterial cell change due to application of an external electric field, thereby changing a characteristic of the electromagnetic wave. Hence, this invention can provide an electrostrictive element that can accurately, actively control a metamaterial device.

An optical system comprises at least one mirror having a mirror body and a mirror surface, and at least one actuator device coupled to the mirror body and for deforming the mirror surface. The actuator device comprises at least one electrostrictive actuator element for generating mechanical stresses in the mirror body for deforming the mirror surface depending on an electrical drive voltage, at least one electrostrictive sensor element for outputting a sensor signal depending on a deformation of the sensor element, wherein the at least one sensor element is arranged directly adjacent to the actuator element and / or is arranged such that the at least one sensor element is at least partially configured for transferring the mechanical stresses generated by the actuator element to the mirror body.

To suppress an electrostrictive crack generation of a lamination type election component.SOLUTION: A lamination type election component according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprises a third electrode pattern including: a first main part 123a in which a floating electrode layer is overlapped to a first direction with at least one part of a first electrode pattern; a second main part 123b which is overlapped to at least one part of a second electrode pattern to the first direction; and a pair of coupling parts 123d coupling the first and second main parts and arranged apart from each other in a third direction with a space part 123c therebetween. When the maximum width of the third electrode pattern to the third direction is W1 and the maximum width of the space part to the third direction is W2, W2 / W1 satisfies 0.08 or more and 0.92 or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to an electroencephalogram signal sensor, a manufacturing method thereof and an electroencephalogram signal acquisition system. The electroencephalogram signal sensor comprises an electrostriction structure; the sensing optical fiber is provided with an active phase shift grating, and the electrostriction structure is attached to the active phase shift grating; wherein the electrostriction structure is configured to stretch after receiving an electroencephalogram signal so as to drive the phase change of the active phase shift grating on the sensing optical fiber. The sensitivity and the anti-interference capability of electroencephalogram signal acquisition are improved, and the measurement accuracy is improved.

The application discloses a bearing elevation automatic adjusting system and method based on an electrostrictive material, and the bearing elevation automatic adjusting system is characterized in that an electrostrictive executing unit is embedded between a bearing bush and a pad iron, so that the electrostrictive adjusting process does not affect the integrity of the bearing structure, the rotor does not need to be lifted or the bearing bush does not need to be disassembled, the system has an online adjusting capacity, has a fast response speed and high control precision, cooperates with a voltage amplifier, realizes micron-level elevation adjustment, adapts to the offset trend of the shafting under different thermal states or load changes, solves vibration faults caused by unreasonable shafting elevation distribution, effectively supports the development demand of intelligent maintenance and remote monitoring, and the method uses the top shaft oil pressure and the lubricating oil temperature as the judgment basis of the elevation deviation, adapts to the dynamic change of the unit under cold state, hot state and different operation conditions, ensures the shafting centering precision, solves the problems of vibration and wear caused by uneven elevation distribution, and improves the stability and reliability of equipment operation.

The invention provides underwater ultrasonic transmitting equipment and an ultrasonic positioning system, and relates to the technical field of underwater detection. The underwater ultrasonic transmitting equipment comprises a shell, at least one acquisition unit, at least one processing unit and at least one layer of electrostriction transducer, the processing unit is used for coding the parameter information, generating at least one pulse electric signal to be sent, determining the transmitting time interval of two adjacent pulse electric signals in each group, and transmitting each pulse electric signal and the transmitting time interval of two adjacent pulse electric signals in each group to the multilayer electrostriction transducer; and the multi-layer electrostriction transducer is used for converting the pulse electric signals into ultrasonic signals corresponding to the pulse electric signals and transmitting the ultrasonic signals corresponding to the pulse electric signals to the ultrasonic receiving equipment according to the transmitting time interval of every two adjacent pulse electric signals in each group, so that the design requirement of a miniaturized structure is met.

An electroseismic integrated monitoring method comprises: transmitting a current signal including at least one of: a multi-frequency current signal or a single-frequency current signal, the frequency of the current signal being determined according to a proppant, and the proppant performs telescopic vibration under excitation of the current signal at a predetermined frequency. An acoustic wave signal received by a seismic sensor. The acoustic wave signal is an acoustic wave signal generated for the current signal to excite the proppants to perform telescopic vibration. A vibration position of the proppant at a fracturing layer is determined according to the acoustic wave signal. The vibration position is used to determine a basis for propped fracture characteristics. An electrostrictive material is used as the proppant, so that the position of the proppant can be monitored by means of microseism.

A multi-ferro memory and wireless transceiver device based on giant magneto-impedance effect, comprising: a ferroelectric layer, a soft magnetic film layer and a metal layer; in information writing, a direct current power supply is input into the ferroelectric layer as a writing port, a non-volatile electrostrictive effect is generated in the ferroelectric layer by using an electric field pulse to stimulate the ferroelectric layer and is transmitted to the soft magnetic film layer, and information writing is realized by coupling the non-volatile giant magneto-impedance effect of the soft magnetic film under the electric field control and the non-volatile impedance effect caused by the ferroelectric domain rotation of the ferroelectric layer itself; in information reading, the ferroelectric layer and the metal layer are connected in series, and an alternating current power supply is input as a reading port, and the impedance of the reading is taken as the stored information, and information reading is realized. The application can realize a non-volatile multi-state memory, so that the stored information can be maintained when power is off, and the storage density is significantly improved; on the other hand, the wireless transceiver function of the stored information can be realized by a pair of multi-ferro memories with the same structure.

The present application provides the use of plecenterite-type strontium cobaltate as an inverse piezoelectric and electrostrictive material and an electronic device comprising plecenterite-type strontium cobaltate as an inverse piezoelectric and electrostrictive material. The pycnorite type strontium cobaltate used as the inverse piezoelectric and electrostrictive material does not contain heavy metal elements such as lead and is short in response time, so that the pycnorite type strontium cobaltate can be manufactured into a miniaturized electronic device on the premise that the efficiency is not influenced.

Projection exposure system (400, 100) comprising a projection lens (408, 107, 200) wherein the projection lens (408, 107, 200) comprises an optical device (1), wherein the optical device (1) comprises an optical element (2) with an optically effective surface (2a) and at least one electrostrictive actuator (3) which is deformable by applying a control voltage, wherein the electrostrictive actuator (3) is functionally connected to the optical element (2) in order to influence the surface shape of the optically effective surface (2a), wherein a control device (4) is provided to supply the electrostrictive actuator (3) with the control voltage, and wherein a measuring device (5) is provided, characterized in that the measuring device (5) is configured to measure, at least temporarily, while the electrostrictive actuator (3) influences the optically effective surface (2a) of the optical element (2),to directly and / or indirectly measure and / or determine the temperature and / or temperature change of the electrostrictive actuator (3) and / or its environment in order to take into account a temperature-dependent influence when the electrostrictive actuator (3) is controlled by the control device (4), wherein the measuring device (5) comprises temperature sensors (8) that measure the temperature and / or the temperature change and / or the temperature distribution of the electrostrictive actuator (3) and / or its environment, and wherein the temperature sensors (8) are arranged on a rear side (3a) of the electrostrictive actuator (3) facing away from the optical element (2).

The invention discloses a lead-free ferroelectric ceramic with a high electrostriction coefficient and a preparation method thereof, the chemical formula of the lead-free ferroelectric ceramic is Ba (Zr < 0.25 > Ti < 0.75 >) O < 3-x > (Ba < 0.7 > Ca < 0.3 >) TiO3, and x is more than 0.49 and less than 0.51; the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, selecting raw materials; 2, respectively ball-milling the raw materials, mixing, drying and sieving; 3, pre-sintering treatment; 4, pelletizing after ball milling; 5, pressing a green body; and 6, sintering treatment. The tetragonal phase and orthogonal phase coexisting lead-free ferroelectric ceramic is obtained by doping different contents of tetragonal phase (Ba0. 7Ca0. 3) TiO3 into trilateral phase Ba (Zr0. 25Ti0. 75) O3, the crystal lattice stability is remarkably reduced by utilizing the symmetry of a multiphase coexisting crystal structure, the electrostriction coefficient of the lead-free ferroelectric ceramic is improved, and the lead-free ferroelectric ceramic is suitable for the fields of high-precision drivers, sensors and the like.

This invention discloses a rapid self-healing waterproof and breathable membrane structure for electronic devices, belonging to the field of functional thin film materials and electronic device protection technology. The structure comprises, from top to bottom, an electrostrictive hydrophobic dynamic layer, a capillary self-pumping microchannel layer, and a piezoelectric sensing and support substrate. The electrostrictive hydrophobic dynamic layer is composed of an ion-conductive self-healing hydrophobic polymer, which can deform in response to electrical signals to repair damage. The capillary self-pumping microchannel layer contains a biomimetic fractal superhydrophilic microchannel network, which can directionally migrate intruding liquid water to the edges for drainage through capillary action. The piezoelectric sensing and support substrate is used to sense pressure differences and vibrations. Each layer is electrically connected to a micro-control system, forming an intelligent sensing-response system that can automatically monitor damage and trigger repair. This invention integrates self-healing, active drainage, and intelligent sensing, significantly improving the reliability and service life of the waterproof and breathable membrane in complex environments.

The invention relates to a bionic ionizing flexible pressure sensor and a preparation method thereof. The sensor adopts a capacitive structure and is composed of an upper electrode layer, a lower electrode layer and a unique bionic double-layer dielectric layer. Wherein the upper layer of the constructed bionic double-layer dielectric layer is a bionic spinous process dielectric layer referring to a cockroach tentacle spinous process structure, and is made of polyvinyl alcohol / phosphoric acid ion gel; the lower layer is an ion composite fiber dielectric layer referring to a presynaptic membrane bulge structure and a signal transmission mechanism, and is formed by soaking a structured fiber fabric in an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate solution). The invention aims to solve the key technical problem that an existing flexible pressure sensor is difficult to maintain high sensitivity and stability at the same time in a wide dynamic pressure range, especially the bottleneck that the actual application of the flexible pressure sensor under a high-load working condition is restricted for a long time. The sensor realizes high sensitivity and stability in a wide dynamic pressure range by coupling the high-sensitivity sensing characteristic of the spinous process of the bionic cockroach, the bulge structure of the presynaptic membrane and a signal transduction mechanism. The sensor adopts simple and efficient manufacturing processes such as one-pot film forming, abrasive paper transfer printing and fiber impregnation, and has the potential of large-area manufacturing, and the manufacturing cost is remarkably reduced. The bionic ionizing flexible pressure sensor has a wide application prospect in the emerging fields of health monitoring, intelligent medical treatment, wearable equipment, human-computer interaction and the like.

The invention discloses an electrostatic driving electrocaloric refrigeration device and a preparation method, application and system thereof, and belongs to the technical field of thermal management. The device comprises a plurality of electrocaloric thin film elements, an electrode plate and a control unit. The electrocaloric film element is composed of a modified P (VDF-TrFE-CFE) film, a carbon nanotube positive electrode and an evaporated copper negative electrode; the electrode plates are used for applying an electrostatic field to drive the lamination to move; the control unit enables the electrostatic driving force and the electrodeformation force to be consistent in direction through cooperation of electrostatic driving and self-driving. The rigidity of the film is enhanced by evaporating the copper layer on the negative electrode, and uniform agitation and stable movement are realized. The device is compact in structure, large-temperature-difference thermal management can be achieved, the refrigeration temperature difference reaches 5K during no-load, cooling of about 49.7 DEG C compared with air cooling is achieved in an analog chip cooling test, and the device is suitable for the fields of microelectronic cooling, unmanned aerial vehicle thermal management and the like.

The invention provides a large-strain flexible ferroelectric composite film, a preparation method thereof and an electrostrictor, and the large-strain flexible ferroelectric composite film comprises a flexible piezoelectric polymer film, a 0-3 type organic / inorganic composite film, an anti-ferroelectric film, a 0-3 type organic / inorganic composite film and a flexible piezoelectric polymer film which are sequentially stacked. Wherein the flexible piezoelectric polymer film is a film formed by a relaxor ferroelectric polymer, the anti-ferroelectric film is a film formed by an anti-ferroelectric material, and the 0-3 type organic / inorganic composite film is a film formed by compounding the relaxor ferroelectric polymer and the anti-ferroelectric material. The large-strain flexible ferroelectric composite film disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of high flexibility and large electrostrictive strain, and the adaptive bending radius can reach hundreds of microns to millimeter magnitude.

The invention discloses an automatic bearing elevation adjusting system and method based on an electrostrictive material, and the system is characterized in that an electrostrictive execution unit is embedded between a bearing bush and a sizing block, so that the integrity of a bearing structure is not affected in an electrostrictive adjusting process, a rotor does not need to be lifted or the bearing bush does not need to be disassembled, and the bearing elevation is adjusted. The system has the advantages of online adjustment capability, high response speed and high control precision, is matched with a voltage amplifier, realizes micron-level elevation adjustment, adapts to the deviation trend of the shafting under different thermal states or load changes, solves the vibration fault caused by unreasonable shafting elevation distribution, and effectively supports the development requirements of intelligent maintenance and remote monitoring; according to the method, the jacking oil pressure and the lubricating oil temperature serve as the judgment basis of the elevation deviation, the method adapts to dynamic changes of a unit in a cold state, a hot state and different operation working conditions, the shaft system centering precision is ensured, the problems of vibration, abrasion and the like caused by uneven elevation distribution are solved, and the stability and reliability of equipment operation are improved.

Provided is a laminated ceramic capacitor capable of suppressing the occurrence of cracks occurring inside a laminated body due to electrostriction when a high voltage is applied. The laminated ceramic capacitor according to the present invention comprises: a laminated body including a plurality of laminated dielectric layers and a plurality of laminated internal electrode layers, the dielectric layer includes a first main surface and a second main surface facing each other in a height direction, which is a stacking direction of the plurality of dielectric layers, a first side surface and a second side surface facing each other in a width direction orthogonal to the height direction, and a first end surface and a second end surface facing each other in a length direction orthogonal to the height direction and the width direction. The inner layer part is formed by alternately stacking dielectric layers and internal electrode layers, and the outer layer part is configured to sandwich the inner layer part from the first main surface side and the second main surface side; a first external electrode disposed on the first end surface; and a second external electrode disposed on the second end surface. The inner layer portion is configured from an inner dielectric layer among the plurality of dielectric layers disposed in the inner layer portion, and the inner dielectric layer includes a void. The inner dielectric layer includes a width-direction center portion-side dielectric layer disposed in a width-direction center portion region of the inner layer portion, and a width-direction end portion-side dielectric layer disposed in a width-direction end portion region of the inner layer portion. The amount of voids contained in the width-direction end-side dielectric layer is less than the amount of voids contained in the width-direction center-side dielectric layer.

A diffraction element device includes a diffractive element and a power source, the diffractive element includes a substrate and a plurality of multi-step structures, each of the multi-step structures is composed of a plurality of steps, an electrode is provided at a part of the multi-step structures, a piezoelectric material or an electrostrictive material is included in a part of the multi-step structures, the power source is connected to the electrode or the substrate, and a height of the multi-step structures changes due to a voltage applied from the power source.

Provided is a multilayer ceramic capacitor with which it is possible to improve resistance to electrostriction when a high electric field is applied. A multilayer ceramic capacitor according to the present invention is provided with: a multilayer body including a plurality of dielectric layers that are laminated, the first main surface and the second main surface are opposite to each other in the stacking direction of the dielectric layers, the first side surface and the second side surface are opposite to each other in the width direction orthogonal to the stacking direction, and the first end surface and the second end surface are opposite to each other in the length direction orthogonal to the stacking direction and the width direction. A first internal electrode layer disposed on the plurality of dielectric layers and exposed on the first end surface; a second internal electrode layer disposed on the plurality of dielectric layers and exposed on the second end surface; a first external electrode having a base electrode layer disposed on the first end surface and a plating layer disposed on the base electrode layer; and a second external electrode having a base electrode layer disposed on the second end surface, and a plating layer disposed on the base electrode layer. The orientation of crystallites in dielectric particles included in the dielectric layer is oriented on the C-axis.

The present application relates to the technical field of material, and discloses a method for enhancing the electrostriction of sodium bismuth titanate-based relaxor ferroelectric.The present application induces the original large-size non-percolating polar region in the percolating sodium bismuth titanate-based relaxor by pre-polarizing the sodium bismuth titanate-based relaxor ferroelectric ceramic near the critical position synthesized by the traditional solid-phase method, reduces the nucleation barrier in the field-induced strain process, and significantly enhances the electrostriction effect.The sodium bismuth titanate-based relaxor ferroelectric ceramic of the present application has obviously improved electrostriction under the excitation of 60 kV / cm electric field compared with the initial state, and has more excellent performance than the ordinary sodium bismuth titanate-based relaxor ferroelectric ceramic.

The invention discloses a P (VDF-TrFE)-based homologous copolymer high sensitivity and driving integrated device and a preparation method thereof, the sensitivity and driving integrated device comprises an electrostriction layer, a piezoelectric sensing layer and a glue layer, and the glue layer integrates the piezoelectric sensing layer and the electrostriction layer; the piezoelectric sensing layer is consistent with the electrostriction layer in width and smaller than the electrostriction layer in length. When a driving input voltage is applied to the electrostriction layer, an electrostriction layer material is excited by an electric field to deform, deformation of the electrostriction layer induces a piezoelectric sensing layer material to deform, bound charges are generated on the surface of the piezoelectric sensing layer material, and the bound charges are converted through a signal collector to obtain a piezoelectric output voltage signal. Therefore, sensing monitoring of deformation of the electrostriction layer is realized. The problem of inconsistency of traditional separated sensing and driving information is effectively avoided, and the sensing, driving and control stability of the soft robot can be greatly improved.

The invention discloses an electric carving machine electric carving head assembly, and relates to the technical field of electric carving, the electric carving machine electric carving head assembly comprises a controller, and a tool bit section, a supporting section, a driving section and a driving block which are fixedly connected in sequence, and the tool bit section, the supporting section and the driving section are internally and fixedly connected with sensing strips made of fiber bragg gratings; the outer ends of the tool bit section and the supporting section are each slidably connected with three sliding tiles distributed in a circumferential array mode, the end, away from the axis of the tool bit section, of each sliding tile is fixedly connected with an adjusting tile, and the outer end of the supporting section is provided with an adjusting ball head, connected with a ball head supporting ring through a spherical hinge and connected with a driving support. The driving block and the adjusting tile are both made of piezoelectric materials or electrostrictive materials and are electrically connected with the controller, and high-precision engraving, real-time state monitoring and intelligent response adjustment are achieved through a multi-layer real-time monitoring network, a multi-dimensional precise adjusting system and function partition design.

This invention provides contact materials comprising doped ceria-based materials and preparation thereof. This invention further comprises stacks and electrostriction actuators comprising the contact materials provided herein.