438 results about "Dielectric permittivity" patented technology

This application relates to optoelectronic devices and their fabrication methods, as well as electrical devices and power generation devices. The optoelectronic device includes a perovskite layer comprising perovskite grains. The crystalline phases of the perovskite grains include cubic and non-cubic phases; the cubic phase accounts for more than or equal to 97% of the mass of the perovskite layer; the non-cubic phase includes at least one of tetragonal, orthorhombic, and other phases; the other phases account for less than or equal to 5% of the mass of the non-cubic phase; the tetragonal phase accounts for a higher mass of the non-cubic phase than the orthorhombic phase; and the dielectric constant of the perovskite layer is greater than or equal to 5. This optoelectronic device exhibits high energy conversion efficiency.

This invention relates to a method for measuring the dielectric constant of fibers. The method includes the following steps: First, composite material and pure matrix samples are prepared, and the reflection loss curve of the composite material and the complex dielectric constant of the matrix are measured in the 1-18 GHz frequency band. Second, a realistic three-dimensional microstructure model of the composite material is reconstructed using micro-CT scanning. Then, an electromagnetic simulation model is established based on this model, and an initial complex dielectric constant is assigned to the fiber for simulation to obtain the simulated S11 parameter. Finally, by iteratively adjusting the complex dielectric constant of the fiber, the root mean square error between the simulated S11 curve and the measured reflection loss curve is minimized, thereby retrieving the actual complex dielectric constant of the fiber. This invention avoids theoretical model errors, directly correlates the macroscopic properties and microscopic parameters of materials, and has the advantages of high accuracy and wide applicability, providing a reliable parameter acquisition method for the design and optimization of the electromagnetic properties of composite materials.

This application discloses a torque detection device, comprising: a strain gauge for deforming under torque; a first strain gauge fixed on the strain gauge, the permeability of which varies with the strain applied to it; a circuit board having at least one first planar coil and the same number of second planar coils as the first planar coil; a second strain gauge disposed on the side of the circuit board away from the first strain gauge, and having the same structure and material as the first strain gauge; and a dielectric layer disposed between the circuit board and the second strain gauge; wherein the first planar coil is disposed opposite to the first strain gauge; the second planar coil is disposed opposite to the second strain gauge; and the thickness and dielectric constant of the dielectric layer are set such that the inductance parameter of the second planar coil responds to temperature changes in a manner that matches the inductance parameter of the first planar coil responds to temperature changes.

This application provides a temperature-stable low-dielectric silicate LTCC material and its preparation method, relating to the field of low-dielectric microwave dielectric ceramics technology. The low-dielectric silicate LTCC material has the following chemical formula: x Na2O- y CaO- z SiO2- m CaSnSiO5- n The compound of B2O3 was prepared, wherein 0.8 ≤ x ≤1.2, 1.8≤ y ≤2.2, 2.9≤ z ≤3.3, 0.6≤ m ≤1.5, 0.03≤ n The dielectric constant is ≤0.1; the chemical formula of its main crystalline phase is Na2Ca2Si3O9. The temperature-stable low-dielectric silicate LTCC material prepared using the above method overcomes the defect of poor temperature stability in the synthesis of low-dielectric microwave dielectric ceramics in existing technologies. The prepared low-dielectric silicate LTCC material has the characteristics of low dielectric constant, temperature stability, and a sintering temperature below 950℃. It has the advantages of simple synthesis process, stable main crystalline phase composition, and low raw material price, making it a suitable low-dielectric LTCC material for millimeter-wave communication.

A semiconductor device includes a first metallization level including a first dielectric layer and a first interconnect structure embedded in the first dielectric layer and a second metallization level including a second dielectric layer, a third dielectric layer, and a second interconnect structure, where the second interconnect structure includes a trench portion and a via portion. A dielectric constant of the second dielectric layer varies from a top surface of the second dielectric layer to a bottom surface of the second dielectric layer, and the via portion of the second interconnect structure extends through at least the second dielectric layer and contacts a top surface of the first interconnect structure.

This invention provides a quantitative inversion method for multidimensional features of cable defects based on local capacitance distortion mapping. By acquiring capacitance data under normal and fault conditions, and utilizing the asymmetry and ratio relationship of local capacitance changes, it achieves decoupling and independent inversion of multidimensional defect features, enabling quantitative assessment of cable defects. The method includes: Step 1, defect angle position inversion; inputting the measured mutual capacitance change of the defect, qualitatively judging the angle position interval, constructing defect angle position feature parameters to obtain the relative angle of the defect, and inverting the defect angle position; Step 2, defect radial depth inversion; inputting the measured self-capacitance change and mutual capacitance change of the defect, and the defect angle position, and inverting the defect radial depth; Step 3, defect size and dielectric constant inversion; inputting the measured self-capacitance change and mutual capacitance change of the defect, the defect angle position, and the defect radial depth, and obtaining the defect size and dielectric constant based on size optimization and inversion.

A photoelectric conversion apparatus includes an avalanche diode disposed in a semiconductor layer having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The avalanche diode includes a first semiconductor region of first conductivity type disposed at a first depth and a second semiconductor region of second conductivity type disposed at a second depth deeper than the first depth with respect to the second surface. The photoelectric conversion apparatus further includes a first wiring portion electrically connected to the first semiconductor region; and a second wiring portion electrically connected to the second semiconductor region, An oxide film and a protective film stacked on the oxide film are disposed on the second surface of the semiconductor layer. There is a point at which dsio>(εsio / εprot)×dprot / 2 is satisfied, where dsio is a thickness of the oxide film, dprot is a thickness of the protective film, εsio is a relative permittivity of the oxide film, and εprot is a relative permittivity of the protective film. In a plan view from the second surface, the second wiring portion overlaps with at least a part of the second semiconductor region and does not overlap with the first semiconductor region.

This invention discloses a wireless, passive, and visualized cerebrospinal fluid drainage tube flow monitoring sensor, system, and fabrication method, belonging to the field of biomedical sensing and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. It includes a flexible substrate, an interdigital capacitor-open resonant ring structure disposed on the substrate surface, and a microchannel pressure conversion structure bonded to it; the microchannel corresponds vertically to the position of the interdigital capacitor. The pressure generated by the cerebrospinal fluid flow drives the displacement of the liquid metal, modulating the equivalent dielectric constant of the interdigital capacitor and causing a resonant frequency shift. The frequency drift is wirelessly read by an external device, and the flow rate is calculated using an algorithm, achieving passive wireless continuous monitoring. This invention, employing the aforementioned sensor, system, and fabrication method, solves the problems of high infection risk, low accuracy, and inability to continuously monitor existing drainage monitoring methods that rely on manual observation or wired sensors. It has the advantages of high sensitivity, flexible integration, and good safety.

This invention provides a non-destructive testing method and apparatus for defects in ferromagnetic pipes, belonging to the field of pipe inspection. The method includes: acquiring a voltage signal, which is obtained by converting the capacitance change signal continuously collected by the bipolar capacitor as the ferromagnetic pipe and the upper and lower semi-circular bipolar capacitor move at a constant axial velocity relative to each other; extracting time-domain and frequency-domain features from the voltage signal; and determining the defect type and location based on the voltage signal and the extracted features. The extracted features include time-domain and frequency-domain features; the time-domain features include the signal standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and density of local extrema; and the frequency-domain features include the dominant frequency component and harmonic energy ratio. This method utilizes the physical property that the dielectric constant of a ferromagnetic pipe differs depending on whether it has defects or not, enabling the detection of defects deep within the component. It effectively avoids interference from various environmental electromagnetic noises, ensuring the accuracy of the detection results, and eliminates the need for point-by-point scanning, resulting in higher detection efficiency.

The application discloses a LNG storage tank radar liquid level temperature compensation method and system based on gas phase temperature distribution, a medium and a program product, and relates to the technical field of liquid level measurement. In view of the problem that the measurement error is caused by regarding the electromagnetic wave propagation speed as a constant in the existing radar liquid level measurement, a gas phase temperature distribution model along the height direction is established, the electromagnetic wave propagation speed in the gas phase is dynamically corrected by combining the gas state equation and the electromagnetic wave propagation theory, and the propagation time is calculated by path integration, so that the inversion calculation of the liquid level height is realized. The application utilizes the liquid phase temperature stability and the gas phase top temperature measurement value to construct a gas phase temperature distribution function, further calculates the gas density, the dielectric constant and the propagation speed, and realizes the compensation of the liquid level measurement result. Simulation and actual rapid liquid discharge working condition verification show that the method can effectively reduce the liquid level measurement error, improve the measurement accuracy and reliability, and is suitable for the liquid level measurement scene of low-temperature storage tanks such as liquefied natural gas.

This invention discloses a multi-physics in-situ testing platform for aramid-synthetic ester composite insulating materials. The method includes: pre-treating an aramid substrate by drying and impregnation to obtain a composite sample; clamping the sample between test electrodes; applying a stable and controllable temperature field and an electric field to the sample sequentially or simultaneously; and measuring the dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor, and conductivity of the sample in situ under stable thermo-electric coupling conditions. The testing platform includes test electrodes for clamping the sample, a temperature control module for applying the temperature field, an electric field loading module for applying and adjusting the electric field, and a data acquisition module for in-situ data collection. By optimizing the sample pre-treatment process and the synchronous loading control of multi-physics fields, this invention achieves high-precision and highly repeatable in-situ testing of the dielectric properties of materials under actual service conditions within a wide temperature and field strength range. It is particularly suitable for evaluating the performance evolution of composite insulating materials under thermo-electric coupling.

This invention discloses a visible transparent, ultra-wideband microwave absorption structure, comprising, from top to bottom, a visible transparent spatial shielding layer, an impedance-gradient absorption layer, and a total reflection bottom layer. The spatial shielding layer is highly transparent to the microwave band. The impedance-gradient absorption layer is composed of multiple layers of low-dielectric-constant transparent dielectric substrates and an array of transparent conductive patterns disposed thereon, stacked alternately. The total reflection bottom layer is totally reflective to the microwave band. By precisely designing the gradient period and equivalent resistance of the multilayer transparent conductive pattern array, and utilizing the electromagnetic coupling and multi-point resonance mechanism of the upper and lower layers, this invention achieves ultra-wideband microwave strong absorption of more than 90% in the 1-40 GHz frequency band at the subwavelength scale, breaking through the bandwidth limitation bottleneck of traditional microwave absorbing structures; and it also possesses excellent visible light transparency characteristics.

The utility model discloses a portable terminal BD communication light weight antenna structure belongs to communication technical field, including installation substrate, be provided with radiator on the installation substrate, the radiator adopts carbon fiber reinforced polymer material, be provided with short -circuit loading mechanism on the radiator, and this antenna structure covers at least one of BD's L frequency band, S frequency band, B3 frequency band, B1 frequency band, GPS frequency band, the dielectric constant of carbon fiber reinforced polymer material that the radiator adopts is 9~15, and the loss angle is 0.003~0.005, short -circuit loading mechanism includes the conductive via that is opened on the radiator, the hole in -side wall of conductive via is covered with copper foil, the number of conductive via is several, and the matching demand of adaptation BD different frequency band. This portable terminal BD communication light weight antenna structure, compact structure, compared with traditional ceramic antenna weight is lighter and small, adopts carbon fiber reinforced polymer material and short -circuit loading mechanism, and the loss is small and receiving sensitivity is good.

This invention relates to a microwave multi-mode flow measurement method for horizontal oil-water two-phase flow, employing a combination of a coplanar waveguide-excited helical microwave sensor and a dual-coaxial microstrip antenna sensing unit. The method includes: constructing a relationship between the mixing dielectric constant and water holdup of the horizontal oil-water two-phase flow based on the phase output signal of the coplanar waveguide-excited helical microwave sensor, thereby obtaining formulas for predicting water holdup and oil holdup using the dielectric constant of the oil-water mixture in a horizontal pipe; utilizing the upstream and downstream phase output signals of the dual-coaxial microstrip antenna sensing unit; constructing a correlation velocity model for the horizontal oil-water two-phase flow under different operating conditions based on experimental data, obtaining the functional relationship between the correlation velocity of the mixed fluid in the pipe and the mixing velocity and the phase-separated apparent velocity; and constructing a drift model for the horizontal oil-water two-phase flow under different flow patterns, obtaining functions relating the mixing velocity, the oil phase apparent velocity, and the oil holdup. This invention offers high measurement accuracy.

This invention discloses a sensor for detecting ice, water, and dryness states, comprising a substrate, a first metal line, a second metal line, a third metal line disposed on the surface of the substrate, a variable capacitor, an interdigitated capacitor, and a planar inductor. One end of the variable capacitor is connected to one end of the planar inductor via the first metal line, and the other end of the planar inductor is connected to one end of the interdigitated capacitor via the second metal line. The other end of the interdigitated capacitor is connected to the other end of the variable capacitor via the third metal line. The capacitance value of the interdigitated capacitor changes with the different dielectric constants of the materials between the interdigitated fingers. Since the relative dielectric constants of ice, water, and dryness change at different frequencies, the capacitance value of the interdigitated capacitor also changes. Therefore, this sensor for detecting ice, water, and dryness states has advantages such as simple structure, high recognition rate, small size, and process compatibility.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional FDTD metal conformal stabilization simulation method. The method comprises the steps of grid construction and boundary identification, effective electromagnetic parameter calculation, stability condition pre-verification, field quantity iteration updating and boundary condition convergence judgment. According to the method, high-precision and high-stability electromagnetic simulation of a complex medium boundary and a metal boundary is realized by combining an integral form of the effective dielectric constant and the magnetic conductivity, a posterior weighted stabilization strategy and a strict integral updating rule of the metal boundary, meanwhile, the robustness of an algorithm to a time step length is improved, and the practical application scene of the method is expanded.

This invention relates to the field of glass-ceramic technology, specifically providing a low-temperature co-fired ceramic, its preparation method, and its application. The raw materials for the low-temperature co-fired ceramic include VSBBS glass frit and ceramic frit, with the total weight of the VSBBS glass frit and ceramic frit being 100%. The mass percentages of the VSBBS glass frit and ceramic frit are 20-40% and 60-80%, respectively. The raw materials for the VSBBS glass frit, by mass percentage, include 10-30 wt% vanadium oxide, 10-30 wt% antimony oxide, 10-30 wt% barium oxide, 10-20 wt% boron oxide, and 30-50 wt% silicon oxide, with the sum of all oxides being 100%. The LTCC material obtained by this invention achieves excellent millimeter-wave dielectric properties, with a relative permittivity between 4.8 and 6.8, a dielectric loss less than or equal to 0.001, and a flexural strength of 180-230 MPa.

There is disclosed a data transmission apparatus and tuned Multiple-Input-Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna comprising a dielectric substrate and an array of antenna elements arranged adjacent one another on a first side of the substrate. Each of the antenna elements comprises a patch antenna and a dielectric material positioned at a corner of the patch antenna having a selected permittivity. The resonant frequency of the antenna element is tuned through the selected permittivity of the dielectric material. In a particular embodiment the dielectric material comprises a ceramic.

The present invention discloses a device combining at least one sensor that measures the distance between two electrodes, preferably by means of eddy currents, with at least one capacitive-type sensor to evaluate in real time the surface density of a material manufactured using electro-aero-hydrodynamic techniques. This device, capable of measuring surface density without any contact with the material, in addition to being completely harmless to health and the environment, has a small size that distinguishes it from the different technologies currently on the market and particularly suitable for characterising materials based on micro-nanofibres and particles. In addition, said device, which is very easy to use and assemble, does not require calibration if the dielectric constant of the material to be measured is known.

The present invention relates to a spin current generation device using an SiOC topological insulator, and a manufacturing method therefor. The spin current generation device using an SiOC topological insulator, according to the present invention, comprises: a substrate (200); a gate electrode (303) disposed on the substrate (200); a gate insulating film (100) disposed on the substrate (200) and the gate electrode (303); a source electrode (301) disposed on the gate insulating film (100); and a drain electrode (302) disposed on the gate insulating film (100), wherein the gate insulating film (100) is composed of an SiC topological insulator and has a dielectric constant of 0.01 to 2.5.

This invention discloses a polyimide film and its preparation method. The polyimide film is a crystalline material with grains oriented along directions parallel to the film surface plane. Specifically, the crystal orientation factor in the MD direction is 0.08–0.65, and the crystal orientation factor in the TD direction is also 0.08–0.65. The polyimide film exhibits a dielectric constant less than or equal to 3.1 at 10 GHz, a dielectric loss less than or equal to 0.010 at 10 GHz, a dielectric constant less than or equal to 3.1 at 30 GHz, and a dielectric loss less than or equal to 0.012 at 30 GHz. The polyimide film possesses characteristics such as low dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, and low moisture absorption, and the crystal orientation in the MD / TD directions is individually controllable.

This application discloses a perovskite-structured high-entropy ceramic material with excellent dielectric temperature stability. The chemical formula of the high-entropy ceramic material is (Ca... 0.2 Sr 0.2 Ba 0.2 Mg 0.2 Bi 0.1 Na 0.1 (Ti1) x Zr x O3, x=0.05~0.2. This application employs an A-site high-entropy material composition design that enables elements to break through the solid solution limit, achieving greater solid solubility in the material system. By using Zr 2+ Ti at the B site in ion-substituted ceramics 2+ The composition design approach successfully achieved B-site ion doping, resulting in well-grown, dense grains within the ceramic. The sample microstructure exhibited few pores, with elements uniformly distributed throughout the ceramic without agglomeration. By optimizing and controlling the ceramic's microstructure, the dielectric ceramic obtained in this application possesses a high dielectric constant and excellent temperature stability, with capacitance-temperature variations meeting both X7R and X6R capacitor standards.

This invention relates to the field of nondestructive testing imaging technology, specifically to a tomographic imaging simulation calculation method for potential continuity constraints in coaxial heterostructures. The method includes: constructing a refined model of the coaxial heterostructure; determining the dielectric constant and conductivity of each layer of material; dividing the material into finite element meshes; identifying the interfaces between heterostructure materials and applying potential continuity and flux balance constraints; solving for the potential values ​​of all nodes; extracting the electric field intensity at the centroid of each element and constructing a sensitivity matrix; combining measured capacitance data; obtaining the dielectric constant vector through an inverse problem; mapping it back to the mesh elements to complete image reconstruction and display the defect location. This invention significantly improves the accuracy of electric field simulation and the resolution of defect image reconstruction by constructing a refined model of the coaxial heterostructure and applying potential continuity constraints.

This invention discloses a microwave dielectric ceramic material with tunable dielectric constant and its preparation method, belonging to the field of microwave dielectric materials technology. The composition of this microwave dielectric ceramic material is expressed as: x Mg2SiO4-(1-x)Mg2TiO4-0.09CaTiO3-0.005MO, where: 0.15≤x≤0.7, and MO is an additive. The material is designed as a three-phase composite, composed of two types of dielectric constants, Mg2SiO4 and Mg2TiO4, with similar but negative frequency temperature coefficients, and one type of material with a positive frequency temperature coefficient, CaTiO3. This invention's microwave dielectric ceramic material can achieve arbitrary tunability of the dielectric constant within the range of 10.0~19.9 by simply changing the x value, with a Q×f value of 47704~68149GHz and a frequency temperature coefficient τ. f ≤±10ppm / ℃.

This invention relates to an intelligent flow sensing method and system for cold-pressing amorphous alloy powder, belonging to the field of flow measurement technology. The method includes constructing an acoustic emission feature vector; inputting the original capacitance measurement tensor and acoustic emission feature vector into a capacitance tomography reconstruction algorithm to construct a multi-frequency dielectric-mechanical coupled Gaussian mixture model; performing soft classification decoupling on the dielectric constant distribution matrix to generate a shear band density field and a porosity distribution field; introducing the shear band density field to perform free volume correction on the powder's apparent density distribution field, and solving to obtain a real-time flow characteristic scalar; inputting this time-series graph structure data into a graph neural network-long short-term memory coupled model; comparing the shear band network connectivity with a threshold in real time; and constructing a multi-objective cost function to achieve coordinated control of high-precision flow tracking and active suppression of shear band instability during cold pressing. This invention improves the flow sensing accuracy, instability early warning timeliness, and process control coordination of cold-pressing amorphous alloy powder.

The application belongs to the technical field of electronic ceramic materials, and particularly relates to a high-performance Y5P type barium titanate-based ceramic material sintered in air atmosphere and a preparation method thereof. The ceramic material takes BaTiO3 as a main raw material, is supplemented with MgCO3, ZnO, MnCO3, ZrO2, Nb2O5 and La2O3 as composite modification additives, and after sintering in air atmosphere, the ceramic material forms a dense and uniform microstructure, has excellent dielectric properties: a dielectric constant (ε) is 2800-3500, a dielectric loss tangent (tan δ) is as low as 1.1% or below, a volume resistivity (ρ) is 1.0*10 12 Ω·cm or above, a content temperature change rate is-9.8%-+9.1% in a temperature range of-30 DEG C to 85 DEG C, and meets a Y5P type temperature characteristic standard (ΔC / C 25 ℃≤±10%). The material can realize high insulation resistance, low loss and stable temperature characteristics by being directly sintered in air, does not need a complex reduction and reoxidation process, is suitable for preparing ceramic capacitors with high reliability and low cost, and is particularly suitable for the fields of consumer electronics and industrial electronics with medium-high voltage and high stability requirements.

The application discloses a Teflon insulating material product and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: mixing and calendering polytetrafluoroethylene fine powder, perfluoroalkoxy resin micro powder, polymethyl methacrylate flaky particles and liquid processing aids, and performing embossing treatment on one side of the mixture to obtain a main body insulating layer strip; then, inner layer strip and outer layer strip are prepared, and the inner layer strip and the outer layer strip are combined into a blank through multi-layer staggered winding; subsequently, the polymethyl methacrylate flaky particles are removed through staged heat treatment to form cavities, and the cavity edges are closed, and finally, the Teflon insulating material product is obtained. The product is internally formed with a discrete closed microcavity structure which is continuously staggered and distributed along the length direction, and has low dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, high electrical strength and high partial discharge inception voltage.

This invention discloses a high-toughness, low-dielectric bismaleimide resin composition, a modified bismaleimide resin, its preparation method, and its applications. The bismaleimide resin composition comprises bismaleimide resin, an allyl compound, and a liquid rubber, wherein the liquid rubber contains end-capping groups capable of reacting with double bonds. This invention primarily addresses the problems of high dielectric constant, poor toughness, and poor interlaminar shear strength in existing bismaleimide resins. In this invention, the dielectric properties and toughness are improved by reacting the end-capping groups in the liquid rubber with the bismaleimide resin, while maintaining the mechanical properties and heat resistance essentially unchanged.

This invention discloses a Ka-band focusing array dielectric lens based on impedance matching, comprising several dielectric lens units. Each dielectric lens unit has a three-layer dielectric structure, consisting of a front dielectric substrate, a middle phase modulator, and a rear dielectric substrate, arranged according to the electromagnetic wave incident direction. The dielectric constants of the three dielectric layers are set according to preset conditions. The thicknesses of the front and rear dielectric substrates are set based on the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in their respective media. The thickness of the middle phase modulator is calculated based on the compensation phase of the lens unit. This invention reduces interface reflection loss by adjusting the thickness of the front and rear dielectric substrates and achieves phase compensation for different dielectric lens units by adjusting the thickness of the middle phase modulator, thereby improving the electromagnetic wave focusing performance.

This invention relates to the field of polymer materials technology, specifically to a low-dielectric LCP composite material, its preparation method, and its applications. The low-dielectric LCP composite material comprises the following raw materials in the indicated mass fractions: 70-95% LCP, 5-30% low-dielectric filler, 1-5% surface modifier, 0.1-1% antioxidant, and 0.1-1% lubricant. This LCP composite material exhibits excellent low dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, mechanical properties, and thermal stability, and can be applied to high-frequency electronic components.