The invention relates to a deep and
shallow trench isolation structure and process, and the process comprises the steps: providing a substrate, and depositing a multifunctional layer on the surface of the substrate; forming a first pattern on a partial region of the multifunctional layer through a photoetching technology;
etching for the first time by using the first pattern, removing a part of material of the multifunctional layer and
etching the substrate to form a shallow trench structure, and removing the first pattern
mask; forming a second pattern on the non-etched region through the photoetching technology again; performing second
etching by using the second pattern, removing the multifunctional layer in an unetched region to the surface of the substrate, and removing the second pattern
mask; and under the protection effect of the multifunctional layer, carrying out third etching on the exposed region, and
processing the exposed region to a designed depth to form a shallow trench structure and a
deep trench structure with different depths. According to the invention, the
height difference of the etching stop layer after STI etching in different areas is eliminated, so that the subsequent
oxide filling and chemical mechanical
polishing processes are easy to control, and the quality of the device is improved.