Liquid-crystalline medium

Abstract

To provide a liquid-crystalline medium.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to liquid-crystalline (LC) media having positive dielectric anisotropy and to liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) containing these media, especially to displays addressed by an active matrix and in particular to energy-efficient LC displays of the TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA or positive PS-VA type.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to liquid crystal (LC) media having positive dielectric anisotropy, liquid crystal displays (LCD) comprising these media, and in particular to displays addressed by an active matrix, especially energy-efficient LC displays of the TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA, or positive PS-VA type. [Background technology]

[0002] Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are used in many fields to display information. LCDs are used in both direct-view and projection displays. The electro-optical modes used include twisted nematic (TN), super twisted nematic (STN), optically compensated bend (OCB), and electrically controlled birefringence (ECB) modes, along with various modifications thereof. All of these modes utilize an electric field generated substantially perpendicular to the substrate and the liquid crystal layer.

[0003] In addition to these modes, there are also electro-optical modes that utilize electric fields substantially parallel to the substrate and the liquid crystal layer. For example, International Publication No. 91 / 10936 (Patent Document 1) discloses a liquid crystal display in which electrical signals are generated such that the electric field has a component parallel to the liquid crystal layer, and this has since become known as an in-plane switching (IPS) display. The operating principle of such a display is described, for example, in RASoref, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 45, No. 12, pp. 5466-5468 (1974) (Non-Patent Document 1).

[0004] An IPS display includes an LC layer between two planarly arranged substrates, with two electrodes positioned on only one of the two substrates, preferably having a comb-like structure that interlocks with each other. When a voltage is applied to the electrodes, an electric field with a component significantly parallel to the LC layer is generated between the electrodes. This causes the reorientation of LC molecules within the layer plane.

[0005] European Patent No. 0 588 568 (Patent Document 2) discloses, for example, various possibilities for designing electrodes and addressing IPS displays. Similarly, European Patent Application Publication No. 198 24 137 (Patent Document 3) describes various embodiments of such IPS displays.

[0006] Liquid crystal materials for this type of IPS display are described, for example, in European Patent Application Publication No. 195 28 104 (Patent Document 4).

[0007] Furthermore, so-called "fringe-field switching" (FFS) displays have been reported (see SHJung et al., Jpn.J.Appl.Phys., Vol. 43, No. 3, 2004, p. 1028 (Non-Patent Literature 2) in particular), in which the display includes two electrodes on the same substrate, one of which is comb-shaped and the other is unstructured. This generates a strong so-called "fringe electric field," that is, a strong electric field near the edge of the electrode and an electric field throughout the cell that has both a strong vertical component and a strong horizontal component. FFS displays have low contrast dependence on the viewing angle. FFS displays usually include an LC medium with positive dielectric anisotropy and an orientation layer, usually polyimide, which gives the molecules of the LC medium a planar orientation.

[0008] Liquid crystal displays in IPS and FFS electro-optical modes are particularly well-suited for use in modern desktop monitors, television sets, and multimedia applications. The liquid crystal media according to the present invention are preferably used in this type of display. Generally, FFS displays use dielectrically positive liquid crystal media with rather low dielectric anisotropy, although in some cases, liquid crystal media with dielectric anisotropy of only about 3 or less are also used in IPS displays.

[0009] Further improvements have been achieved with HB-FFS mode. In contrast to conventional FFS technology, HB-FFS mode allows for higher transmission and enables panel operation with less energy consumption.

[0010] Another recently developed mode is the XB-FFS mode, in which the liquid crystal medium includes a polar liquid crystal compound with low dielectric anisotropy.

[0011] Liquid crystal compositions suitable for LCDs, particularly FFS and IPS displays, are known from, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 07-181439 (Patent Document 5), European Patent No. 0667555 (Patent Document 6), European Patent No. 0673986 (Patent Document 7), German Patent Invention No. 19509410 (Patent Document 8), German Patent Invention No. 19528106 (Patent Document 9), German Patent Invention No. 19528107 (Patent Document 10), International Publication No. 96 / 23851 (Patent Document 11), and International Publication No. 96 / 28521 (Patent Document 12). However, these compositions have certain drawbacks. Among other defects, most result in unfavorably long address times, inappropriate resistivity values, and / or require excessively high operating voltages. In this specification, improvements are needed in both operating characteristics and storage capabilities.

[0012] FFS and IPS displays can operate as active-matrix displays (AMDs) or passive-matrix displays (PMDs). In active-matrix displays, individual pixels are typically addressed by integrated nonlinear active elements such as thin-film transistors (TFTs), while in passive-matrix displays, individual pixels are typically addressed by multiplexing methods, as known from prior art.

[0013] The display according to the present invention is preferably an active matrix, and more preferably a TFT matrix. However, the liquid crystal according to the present invention can also be advantageously used in displays having other known addressing means.

[0014] Typical applications of in-plane switching (IPS) and fringe-field switching (FFS) technologies include monitors, laptops, televisions, mobile phones, and tablet PCs.

[0015] Both IPS and FFS technologies have certain advantages over other LCD technologies, such as a wide viewing angle dependence of contrast, for example, vertical alignment (VA) technology.

[0016] Providing and utilizing more liquid crystal media in displays with high transmittance, good black levels, and high contrast ratios is a central challenge in recent FFS and IPS applications. Furthermore, modern applications also require good low-temperature stability and fast address times.

[0017] Until now, high contrast ratios, for example, high elastic constants K av. It was impossible to design a suitable LC medium with low-temperature stability and low response time. Therefore, the overall image quality in such devices still needs further improvement. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0018] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 91 / 10936 [Patent Document 2] European Patent No. 0 588 568 [Patent Document 3] European Patent Application Publication No. 198 24 137 [Patent Document 4] European Patent Application Publication No. 195 28 104 [Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 07-181439 [Patent Document 6] European Patent No. 0667555 [Patent Document 7] European Patent No. 0673986 [Patent Document 8] German Patent No. 19509410 Specification [Patent Document 9] German Patent No. 195 28 106 Specification [Patent Document 10] German Patent No. 195 28 107 Specification [Patent Document 11] International Publication No. 96 / 23 851 [Patent Document 12] International Publication No. 96 / 28 521 [Patent Document 13] International Publication No. 2009 / 100810 [Non-patent literature]

[0019] [Non-Patent Document 1] RA Soref, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 45, No. 12, pp. 5466-5468 (1974) [Non-Patent Document 2] SHJung et al., Jpn.J.Appl.Phys., Volume 43, No. 3, 2004, Page 1028 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0020] The present invention aims to provide a liquid crystal medium that is particularly for FFS and IPS displays, but also for TN, positive VA or STN displays, and especially for active matrix displays such as those addressed by TFTs, which does not exhibit the above-mentioned drawbacks, or exhibits them to a lower degree, and preferably has high resistivity, low threshold voltage, high dielectric anisotropy, good low-temperature stability (LTS), fast response time and low rotational viscosity, enabling high brightness.

[0021] This was achieved by providing a liquid crystal medium as described and claimed below.

[0022] For FFS displays, further optimization of response time, contrast, brightness, and reliability is necessary. However, prior art liquid crystal materials have often been found to fail to achieve all of these requirements simultaneously. [Means for solving the problem]

[0023] Surprisingly, it has been found that the liquid crystalline media according to the present invention, including combinations of compounds of formula I and L1 and / or L2, exhibit several improvements, such as good solubility, and enable a fast response, especially when used in FFS mode displays.

[0024] [ka]

[0025] In the formula, each group is defined in claim 1.

[0026] In addition, the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention has high transparency and excellent low-temperature stability (LTS), providing the best video quality and improved overall image quality, especially high contrast. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0027] The present invention relates to a liquid crystalline medium characterized by comprising one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds selected from formulas L1 and L2.

[0028] [ka]

[0029] In the formula, each base, whether identical or different in its respective appearance, has the following meanings independently of each other: [ka] This represents, R 1 This refers to an alkyl or alkoxy group having an H atom and 1 to 12 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 C atoms (in this group, one or more CH2 groups are arranged such that the O atoms are not directly linked to each other, such as -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, [ka] The group may be substituted with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms or a cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy group having 3 to 12 C atoms, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms. ), preferably cyclopentyl or cyclopentyloxyl, Y 0 is either an H atom or CH3, X 1 These are -CN, -SCN, an alkyl or alkoxy group having a halogen atom or 1 to 3 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 or 3 C atoms (where one or more H atoms are replaced by halogen atoms), preferably F, CF3 or OCF3, and L 1 ~L 4 These are either H or F, independently of each other.

[0030] [ka]

[0031] In the formula, each base, whether identical or different in its respective appearance, has the following meanings independently of each other: R 0is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, in which one or more CH2 groups are such that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-,

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

[0032]

Chemical formula

[0033] In the formula, each group, in each occurrence, is the same or different and each has the following meaning independently of one another: R 0 is an alkyl group having 1 to 十二 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 十二 carbon atoms, in which one or more CH2 groups are such that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-,

Chemical formula

[0034] The liquid crystal medium according to the present invention is particularly suitable for use in FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, and IPS mode liquid crystal displays based on dielectrically positive liquid crystals, as well as polymer-stabilized modified versions thereof.

[0035] The present invention further relates to the use of liquid crystal media as described above and below in electro-optical applications, particularly for use in liquid crystal displays, shutter glasses, LC windows, and 3D applications, preferably in TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-HB-FFS, PS-XB-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA and positive PS-VA displays, and very preferably in FFS, HB-FFS, IPS, PS-HB-FFS and PS-IPS displays.

[0036] The present invention further relates to electro-optical liquid crystal displays comprising liquid crystal media as described above and below, particularly TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-HB-FFS, PS-XB-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA or positive PS-VA displays, preferably FFS, HB-FFS, IPS, PS-HB-FFS or PS-IPS displays.

[0037] International Publication No. 2009 / 100810 (Patent Document 13) describes an LC medium for displays comprising one or more dielectrically positive compounds of the following formula for use in various devices.

[0038] [ka]

[0039] However, the LC medium in the example of International Publication No. 2009 / 100810 (Patent Document 13) has relatively low elastic constants K1, K2, and K3. This is disadvantageous in terms of image quality, especially contrast ratio. In addition, the LC medium in International Publication No. 2009 / 100810 (Patent Document 13) has a relatively high rotational viscosity γ1.

[0040] In this application, all atoms also include their isotopes. In some embodiments of the present invention, one or more hydrogen atoms (H) may be replaced with deuterium (D), and high deuteration enables or simplifies the analytical determination of the compound, especially at low concentrations.

[0041] In equations I, L1 and L2, R 0 , R 1 or R 2If preferably, it represents an alkyl group and / or alkoxy group, it may be linear or branched. It is preferably linear and has 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 C atoms, and accordingly preferably represents ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy, hexyloxy or heptyloxy, and further methyl, methoxy. 0 Preferably, represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0042] Oxaalkyl preferably represents a linear 2-oxapropyl (=methoxymethyl), 2-(=ethoxymethyl), or 3-oxabutyl (=2-methoxyethyl), 2-, 3-, or 4-oxapentyl, or 2-, 3-, 4-, or 5-oxahexyl.

[0043] R 0 , R 1 or R 2 If represents an alkoxy or oxaalkyl group, and provided that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other, it may also include one or more additional oxygen atoms.

[0044] In another preferred embodiment, one or more R 0 , R 1 and R 2 teeth, [ka] -S 1 -F, -OS 1 -F, -O-S1-O-S2 (in the formula, S 1 is C 1~12 - Alkylene or C 2~12 -It is an alkenylene, S 2 H, C 1~12 -alkyl or C 2~12 - is an alkenyl.) Selected from the group consisting of, very preferably one or more R 0 , R 1 and R 2 teeth, [ka] The selected element is from the group consisting of -OCH2OCH3, -O(CH2)2OCH3, -O(CH2)3OCH3, -O(CH2)4OCH3, -O(CH2)2F, -O(CH2)3F, and -O(CH2)4F.

[0045] R 0 , R 1 or R 2 If it represents an alkenyl group, it may be linear or branched. It is preferably linear and has 2 to 10 carbon atoms. Therefore, it represents vinyl, prop-1- or -2-enyl, but-1-, -2- or -3-enyl, penta-1-, -2-, -3- or -4-enyl, hexa-1-, -2-, -3-, -4- or -5-enyl, hepta-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5- or -6-enyl, octa-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6- or -7-enyl, nona-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7- or -8-enyl, deca-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7-, -8- or -9-enyl.

[0046] R 0 , R 1 or R 2 If the alkyl or alkenyl group is at least one-substituted with a halogen, the group is preferably linear, and the halogen is preferably F or Cl. In the case of polysubstituted groups, the halogen is preferably F. Perfluoro groups are also among the resulting groups. In the case of monosubstituted groups, the fluorine or chlorine substituent can be at any desired position, but is preferably at the ω-position.

[0047] In equations I and L2, X 1 and X 2 Preferably, this is F, Cl, or a monofluorinated or polyfluorinated alkyl or alkoxy group having one, two, or three C atoms, or a monofluorinated or polyfluorinated alkenyl group having two or three C atoms. 1 and X 2The most preferred elements are F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, OCF3, OCHF2, OCFHCF3, OCFHCHF2, OCFHCHF2, OCF2CH3, OCF2CHF2, OCF2CHF2, OCF2CF2CHF2, OCF2CF2CHF2, OCFHCF2CF3, OCFHCF2CHF2, OCF2CF2CF3, OCF2CF2CClF2, OClFCF2CF3, OCH=CF2 or CH=CF2, most preferably F or OCF3, and even more preferably CF3, OCF=CF2, OCHF2 or OCH=CF2.

[0048] In compounds of formula I and its subformulas, R 1 is preferably a linear alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 6 C atoms, very preferably methyl, ethyl or propyl, and most preferably n-propyl.

[0049] The preferred compound of formula I is L 1 and L 2 This represents H or F, and very preferably L 1 and L 2 Both of these represent F. 3 and L 4 Both preferably represent F.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the compound of formula I can be selected from those of formulas I-1 to I-24.

[0051] [ka]

[0052] [ka]

[0053] [ka]

[0054] [ka]

[0055] [ka]

[0056] During the ceremony, R 1 This refers to an alkyl or alkoxy group having an H atom and 1 to 6 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 6 C atoms (in this group, one or more CH2 groups are arranged such that the O atoms are not directly linked to each other, such as -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, [ka] The group may be substituted with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms, preferably F atoms, or a cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy group having 3 to 6 C atoms, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms. ), preferably cyclopentyl or cyclopentyloxyl, Y 0 is an H atom or CH3, preferably an H atom, and X 1 This is an alkyl or alkoxy group having -CN, -SCN, a halogen atom, preferably a F atom, or 1 to 3 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 or 3 C atoms (where one or more H atoms are replaced by halogen atoms, preferably F atoms), most preferably F, CF3, or OCF3.

[0057] Substituent R in formula I 1 The choice is not particularly limited, but R 1It is particularly advantageous to select an alkyl or cycloalkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, provided that R is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, i-butyl, and cyclopentyl. 1 This is particularly preferable. Also, Y 0 This may be represented by a CH3 group.

[0058] In particular, it was shown that selecting a compound of formula I from those represented by formula I-4-1 below is highly advantageous.

[0059] [ka]

[0060] During the ceremony, R 1 This represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having an H atom and 1 to 6 C atoms (in this group, one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, preferably F atoms, or a cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy group having 3 to 6 C atoms), preferably cyclopentyl or cyclopentyloxyl. X 1 This represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having an F atom or 1 to 3 C atoms (where one or more H atoms are replaced by F atoms), preferably F, CF3, or OCF3. Y 0 This represents a CH3 group or an H atom.

[0061] In a particularly preferred embodiment, R in formula I-4-1 1 X is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, and i-butyl. 1 is represented by an F atom. In a more preferred embodiment, R in formula I-4-1 1 This can be represented by a cyclopentyl group.

[0062] The proportion of the compound of formula I or its sub-formula in the medium is preferably 2 to 35% by weight, very preferably 3 to 30% by weight, and most preferably 4 to 20% by weight.

[0063] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the compounds of general formulas L1 and L2 can be represented by one of the following.

[0064]

Chemical formula

[0065] R 0 is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (in which one or more CH2 groups are arranged so that O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-,

Chemical formula

[0066] In a further embodiment, one or more compounds of formulas L1 and L2 are described by formulas L1-1 and L2-1.

[0067]

Chemical formula

[0068] In the formula, R 0This is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups in the group are arranged such that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other, such as -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, [ka] The group may be substituted with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms. R 2 This is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, where one or more CH2 groups in the group are arranged such that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other, such as -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, [ka] The group may be substituted with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms. X 2 This is an alkyl or alkoxy group having an F atom or 1 to 3 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 or 3 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms in the group are replaced by F atoms. Y 0 It is either H or CH3.

[0069] A highly preferred compound of formula L1 is selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0070] [ka]

[0071] In the formula, Y 0 is H or CH3, preferably H.

[0072] Compounds of formulas L1-1a, L1-1b, and L1-1c are very preferred, with compound L1-1a being the most preferred.

[0073] Particularly preferred compounds of formula L2 are those selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0074]

Chemical formula

[0075]

Chemical formula

[0076] In the formula, Y 0 is H or CH3, preferably H.

[0077] Compounds of formula L2-1a, L2-1a, L2-1c, L2-1d and L2-1i are very preferred, and compounds of formula L2-11 are most preferred.

[0078] [[ID=三十二]] The proportion of the compound of formula L1 or L2 or its sub-formula in the medium is preferably 2 to 35% by weight, very preferably 3 to 30% by weight, and most preferably 4 to 20% by weight.

[0079] Preferably, the medium contains one, two or three compounds of formula L1 or L2 or their sub-formulas.

[0080] Preferably, the medium contains, in addition to the compounds of formula I and L1 or L2, one or more compounds selected from the following formulas.

[0081]

Chemical formula

[0082] In the formula, "alkyl" and "alkyl * " are independently of each other C 1~6 -alkyl, preferably representing ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl, very preferably ethyl, propyl or butyl, "alkenyl" and "alkenyl * " is preferably C 2~6 - Represents an alkenyl. Compounds of formulas Z1 and Z2 are highly preferred.

[0083] The preferred compounds of formulas Z1 to Z6 are selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0084] [ka]

[0085] [ka]

[0086] In another preferred embodiment, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula Z1 or its preferred subformula, and / or one or more compounds selected from formulas Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 or their preferred subformulas.

[0087] Preferably, the total proportion of compounds such as formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, and Z6 or their sub-formulas, CC-3-V, etc., in the medium is 10 to 65% by weight, very preferably 20 to 60% by weight, and most preferably 25 to 55% by weight. In a more preferred embodiment, the compound of formula Z1-1 is used in a concentration range of 10% to 60% by weight, more preferably 10% to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the LC medium.

[0088] Preferably, the medium comprises one, two, or three compounds selected from formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 or their sub-formulas.

[0089] The medium may also include one or more compounds of the following general formulas.

[0090] [ka]

[0091] During the ceremony, R is C 1~6 -alkyl, C 1~6 - Alkyl or C 2~6 - Represents Alkenil, "alkenyl" is C 2~6 - Represents Alkenil

[0092] The compound of formula XII is preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0093] [ka]

[0094] In the formula, "alkyl" is methyl, butyl, pentyl, or hexyl.

[0095] Compounds of formula XIIa are particularly preferred. In formula IXb, "alkyl" is preferably independently of each other, n-C3H7, n-C4H9, or n-C5H 11 , in particular, represents n-C3H7.

[0096] The preferred compounds of formula XIIa are selected from the following group.

[0097] [ka]

[0098] The medium may additionally include one or more compounds selected from the following formulas.

[0099] [ka]

[0100] In the formula, L 1 and L 2 R has the meaning shown in equation I, 1 and R 2are each independent of one another and represent n-alkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkenyl having up to 6 C atoms each, preferably alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms each independent of one another; in the compound of formula XIV at least one group R 1 and R 2 preferably represents alkenyl having 2 to 6 C atoms.

[0101] The medium may further contain one or more compounds of formula XIV in which at least one group R 1 and R 2 represents alkenyl having 2 to 6 C atoms, preferably those selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0102]

Chemical formula

[0103] In the formula, "alkyl" has the meaning shown above and preferably represents methyl, ethyl or propyl.

[0104] The compounds of formula XIV are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0105]

Chemical formula

[0106] The compounds of formula XIVd1 are highly preferred.

[0107] In a further embodiment, the medium contains one or more compounds of formula XVI.

[0108]

Chemical formula

[0109] In the formula, each R 1 and R 2The terms have the meanings shown in formulas I and L1, and preferably each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms independently of each other. L represents H or F.

[0110] Particularly preferred compounds of formula XVI are those of the subformula below.

[0111] [ka]

[0112] During the ceremony, "alkyl" and "alkyl" * " represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms independently of each other, particularly ethyl, propyl, or pentyl, and "alkenyl" and "alkenyl * Each of these terms independently represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, especially CH2=CHC2H4, CH3CH=CHC2H4, CH2=CH, and CH3CH=CH.

[0113] Compounds of formulas XVIb and XVIc are particularly preferred. Compounds of the following sub-formulas are very particularly preferred.

[0114] [ka]

[0115] Compounds of formula XVIc2 are highly preferred.

[0116] The medium contains one or more compounds of the following formula.

[0117] [ka]

[0118] During the ceremony, Each is R 1 and R2 has the meanings shown in Formula I and L1, and preferably represents alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, each independently of the others. L represents H or F.

[0119] Compounds of Formula XVIIa in which L is H are highly preferred. Compounds of Formula XVIIb in which L is F are highly preferred.

[0120] In one preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from Formula Y and B in addition to the compounds of Formula I and L1 and / or L2.

[0121]

Chemical formula

[0122] In the formula, each group, in each occurrence, is the same or different and independently of the others has the following meanings:

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

[0123] Preferably, the LC medium according to this first preferred embodiment comprises one or more compounds of formula I and L1 and / or L2, one or more compounds selected from formulas Z1, Z2 and Z3, and one or more compounds selected from formulas Y and B.

[0124] The LC medium according to this first preferred embodiment is particularly suitable for use in LC displays in HB-FFS or PS-HB-FFS mode.

[0125] In a second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the LC medium does not contain a compound of formula Y or B.

[0126] In compounds of formula Y and its subformulas, R 1 and R 2 Preferably, represents a linear alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and further an alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly vinyl, 1E-propenyl, 1E-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1E-pentenyl, 3E-pentenyl, or 4-pentenyl.

[0127] In compounds of formula Y and its subformulas, preferably group L 1 and L 2 Both represent F. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in compounds of formula Y and its subformulas, the group L 1 and L 2 One of them represents F, and the other represents Cl.

[0128] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula Y selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0129] [ka]

[0130] In the formula, L 1 , L 2 , R 1 , R 2 , Z x , Z y x and y have the meanings given in equation Y or one of the preferred meanings given in equation I above. 'a' represents either 1 or 2. b represents 0 or 1, [ka] L 3 , L 4 represents F or Cl, preferably F, and L 5 This represents an H atom or CH3.

[0131] Preferably, formula Y 1 and Y 2 In the compound, L 1 and L 2 Both of them represent F, or L 1 and L 2 One of them represents F and the other represents Cl, or L 3 and L 4 Both of them represent F, or L 3 and L 4 One of them represents F and the other represents Cl.

[0132] Preferably, the medium contains one or more compounds of formula Y1 selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0133] [ka]

[0134]

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[0135]

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[0138]

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[0139]

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[0144] [ka]

[0145] [ka]

[0146] [ka]

[0147] During the ceremony, a represents either 1 or 2. "alkyl" and "alkyl" * Each of these represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other. "alkenyl" represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and L 5 This represents an H atom or CH3.

[0148] "alkenyl" preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0149] Very preferably, the medium contains one or more compounds of formula Y1 selected from formulas Y1-1, Y1-2, Y1-7, Y1-12, Y1-17, Y1-22, Y1-40, Y1-41, Y1-42, Y1-44, Y1-50 and Y1-68. 5 preferably represents an H atom.

[0150] More preferably, the medium contains one or more compounds of formula Y2 selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0151] [ka]

[0152] [ka]

[0153] [ka]

[0154] [ka]

[0155] [ka]

[0156] [ka]

[0157] [ka]

[0158] During the ceremony, "alkyl" and "alkyl" * Each of these represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other. "alkenyl" represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and L 5 represents an H atom or CH3, preferably an H atom.

[0159] "alkenyl" preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0160] More preferably, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula Y2 selected from formulas Y2-2 and Y2-10.

[0161] The proportion of the compound of formula Y1 or its sub-formula in the medium is preferably 0 to 10% by weight.

[0162] The proportion of the compound of formula Y2 or its sub-formula in the medium is preferably 0 to 10% by weight.

[0163] The total proportion of compounds of formulas Y1 and Y2 or their sub-formulas in the medium is preferably 1 to 20% by weight, and very preferably 2 to 15% by weight.

[0164] Preferably, the medium comprises one, two, or three compounds selected from formulas Y1 and Y2 or their subformulas, very preferably formulas Y1-2, Y1-22, Y1-66, Y1-70, Y2-6, and Y2-22.

[0165] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula Y selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0166] [ka]

[0167] In the formula, L 1 , L 2 , R 1 and R 2 It has one of the meanings given by equation Y or one of the preferred meanings as given by equations I and L1.

[0168] The preferred compound of formula Y3 is selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0169] [ka]

[0170] [ka]

[0171] [ka]

[0172] During the ceremony, "Alkyl" and "Alkyl * Each of these represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other. "Alkenyl" and "Alkenyl * " represents a linear alkenyl group each having 2 to 6 C atoms independently of each other, and O represents an oxygen atom or a single bond.

[0173] "Alkenyl" and "Alkenyl * " preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0174] Particularly preferred compounds of formula Y3 are selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0175] [ka]

[0176] In the formula, "Alkoxy" and "Alkoxy * Each of these terms preferably independently has three, four, or five carbon atoms, representing a linear alkoxy.

[0177] Preferably, in compounds of formula Y3 and its sub-formulas, L 1 and L 2 Both of them represent F. More preferably, in the compound of formula Y3, the group L 1and L 2 One of them represents F, and the other represents Cl.

[0178] The proportion of the compound of formula Y3 or its sub-formula in the medium is preferably 1 to 10% by weight, and very preferably 1 to 6% by weight.

[0179] Preferably, the medium comprises one, two, or three compounds of formula Y3 or its subformula, preferably formula Y3-6, and very preferably formula Y3-6A.

[0180] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula Y selected from sub-formula Y4.

[0181] [ka]

[0182] R in the formula 1 and R 2 Each of these independently has one of the meanings shown in equation Y above, [ka] L in the ceremony 5 represents F or Cl, preferably F, and L 6 Herein, F, Cl, OCF3, CF3, CH3, CH2F, or CHF2, preferably F, and preferably at least one of rings G, I, and K is different from unsubstituted benzene.

[0183] The preferred compound of formula Y4 is selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0184] [ka]

[0185] [ka]

[0186] [ka]

[0187] During the ceremony, R represents a linear alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms. R * This represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms. (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and m represents an integer from 1 to 6.

[0188] R * Preferably, CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0189] R preferably represents methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, or pentoxy.

[0190] The proportion of the compound of formula Y4 or its sub-formula in the medium is preferably 1 to 10% by weight, and very preferably 1 to 6% by weight.

[0191] Particularly preferred compounds are those shown in the lower subformula.

[0192] [ka]

[0193] During the ceremony, "alkyl" and "alkyl" * " represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other, particularly ethyl, propyl, or pentyl.

[0194] The use of the following compounds is particularly advantageous.

[0195] [ka]

[0196] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula Y selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0197] [ka]

[0198] In the formula, R 5 is R 1 It has one of the meanings shown above, and "alkyl" represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, L X 'x' represents H or F, X represents F, Cl, OCF3, OCHF2, or OCH=CF2, d represents 0 or 1, and z and m each represent an integer from 1 to 6, independently of each other.

[0199] R in these compounds 5 C is particularly preferred. 2~6 -alkyl or -alkoxy or C 2~6 -Alkenyl, where d is preferably 1. In these compounds, X is particularly preferably F. The LC medium according to the present invention preferably contains one or more compounds of the above formula in an amount of 5% by weight or more.

[0200] In compounds of formula B and its subformulas, R 1 and R 3 Preferably, represents a linear alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy, and further, an alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly vinyl, 1E-propenyl, 1E-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1E-pentenyl, 3E-pentenyl or 4-pentenyl.

[0201] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula B selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0202] [ka]

[0203] In the formula, L 1 , L 2 , R 1 and R 3 This has the meaning given by equation B.

[0204] The preferred compound for formula B1 is selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0205] [ka]

[0206] In the formula, R 1 and R 3 The group independently represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, where one or more CH2 groups are arranged such that the oxygen atoms are not directly linked to each other, such as -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, [ka] -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- may be independently substituted for each other, and one or more H atoms in the group may be substituted with halogens, and one or more H atoms in the group may be substituted with halogen atoms. Both groups (O) represent oxygen atoms, R 1 and R 3 Compounds of formulas B1-1 and B1-2, where each alkyl group is independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, or hexyl, are very preferred, and the alkyl groups are preferably linear. Very preferably, one alkyl group is ethyl and the other alkyl group is n-pentyl.

[0207] Compounds of formula B1-2 are highly preferred.

[0208] Preferably, the compound of formula B1-1 is selected from the group of compounds of formulas B1-1-1 to B1-1-11, preferably B1-1-6.

[0209] [ka]

[0210] [ka]

[0211] During the ceremony, "alkyl" and "alkyl" * " represents a linear alkyl group each having 1 to 6 C atoms independently of each other. "alkenyl" and "alkenyl * Each of these represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other. "alkoxy" and "alkoxy * Each of these represents a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other.

[0212] Preferably, the compound of formula B1-2 is selected from the group of compounds of formulas B1-2-1 to B1-2-10, preferably formula B1-2-6.

[0213] [ka]

[0214] [ka]

[0215] During the ceremony, "alkyl" and "alkyl" * " represents a linear alkyl group each having 1 to 6 C atoms independently of each other. "alkenyl" and "alkenyl* Each of these represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other. "alkoxy" and "alkoxy * Each of these represents a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other.

[0216] The medium may contain one or more compounds of formula B1-1A and / or B1-2A.

[0217] [ka]

[0218] During the ceremony, (O) represents oxygen or a single bond. R IIIA This refers to an alkyl or alkenyl group having up to 7 C atoms or a Cy-C group. m H 2m+1 - represents, m and n are the same or different, and are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, preferably 1, 2, or 3, and very preferably 1. Cy represents an alicyclic group having 3, 4, or 5 ring atoms, which may be substituted with an alkyl or alkenyl group or halogen or CN, each having up to 3 C atoms, preferably representing cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, or cyclopentyl.

[0219] The compounds of formula B1-1A and / or B1-2A are included in the medium as an alternative or additional, preferably additional, to the compounds of formula B1-1 and B1-2.

[0220] The most preferred compounds of formula B1-1A and / or B1-2A are as follows:

[0221] [ka]

[0222] In the formula, alkoxy is a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms, or alternatively, -(CH2) n F (wherein n is 2, 3, 4, or 5), preferably representing C2H4F.

[0223] The proportion of compound B1 or its sub-formula in the medium is preferably 1 to 20% by weight, and very preferably 1 to 15% by weight.

[0224] Preferably, the medium contains one, two, or three compounds of formula B1 or its sub-formulas.

[0225] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium may contain one or more compounds of formula B2-2.

[0226] [ka]

[0227] During the ceremony R 1 , R 3 -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH [ka] -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- may be substituted for each other independently, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced by halogens.

[0228] The compound of formula B2-2 is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formulas B2-2-1 to B2-2-10.

[0229] [ka]

[0230] [ka]

[0231] In the formula, R 3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, preferably ethyl, n-propyl, or n-butyl, or alternatively cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, or cyclopentylmethyl, or alternatively -(CH2) n F (wherein n is 2, 3, 4, or 5), preferably representing C2H4F.

[0232] Particularly preferred compounds of formula B2 are selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0233] [ka]

[0234] The proportion of the compound of formula B2 or its sub-formula in the medium is preferably 1 to 20% by weight, and very preferably 1 to 15% by weight.

[0235] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two, or three compounds of formula B2 or its sub-formulas.

[0236] The preferred compound for formula B3 is selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0237] [ka]

[0238] In the formula, R 1 X has one of the meanings given by formula B3, and preferably represents a linear alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, very preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl, more preferably ethyl or propyl, most preferably propyl, and X 1 This has one of the meanings given by formula B3, and preferably represents CF3 or OCF3.

[0239] The preferred compound for formula B3 is selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0240] [ka]

[0241] In the formula, R 1 The symbol has one of the meanings given by formula B3, and preferably represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, very preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, or hexyl, more preferably ethyl or propyl, and most preferably propyl.

[0242] Compounds of formulas B3-1-1 and B3-2-2 are most preferred.

[0243] In a preferred embodiment, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula B or its subformulas B1, B2, B3, B1-1, B1-2, B2-1, B2-2, B2-3, B3-1, B3-2, B3-1-1, B3-1-2, B3-2-1 and B3-2-2, wherein the dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene group is a methyl group or a methoxy group, preferably a methyl group, preferably at the para position relative to substituent F, and very preferably at the para position relative to substituent F (i.e., terminal group R 2 or X 1 It is substituted (at the meta position) for [the other element].

[0244] The proportion of the compound of formula B3 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 1 to 20% by weight, and very preferably 1 to 10% by weight.

[0245] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two, or three compounds of formula B3 or its sub-formulas.

[0246] Preferably, the total proportion of compounds of formula Y and B or their sub-formulas in the medium is 2 to 25% by weight, and very preferably 3 to 20% by weight.

[0247] A more preferred embodiment is shown below.

[0248] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula Y selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0249] [ka]

[0250] In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , L 1 , L 2 , X, x and Z x The expression has the meaning given by formula Y, where at least one of the rings X is cyclohexenylene.

[0251] Preferably, base L 1 and L 2 Both of them represent F. More preferably, base L 1 and L 2 One of them represents F, and the other represents Cl.

[0252] Compounds of formula LY are preferably selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0253] [ka]

[0254] [ka]

[0255] In the formula, R 1 The terms have the meaning shown in formula Y above, where (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and v represents an integer from 1 to 6. 1 Preferably a linear alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a linear alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly CH3, C2H5, n-C3H7, n-C4H9, n-C5H 11These represent CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0256] Compounds of formula LY4 are highly preferred.

[0257] Preferably, the medium comprises one, two, or three compounds of formula LY, very preferably formula LY4.

[0258] The proportion of the compound of formula LY or its sub-formula in the medium is preferably 1 to 10% by weight.

[0259] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula Y selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0260] [ka]

[0261] In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , L 1 , L 2 , Y, y and Z y The expression has the meaning given by formula Y, where at least one of the rings Y is a tetrahydropyran.

[0262] Compounds of formula AY are preferably selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0263] [ka]

[0264] [ka]

[0265] [ka]

[0266] In the formula, R 1 The above has the meanings shown, where "alkyl" represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and v represents an integer from 1 to 6. 1 Preferably a linear alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a linear alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly CH3, C2H5, n-C3H7, n-C4H9, n-C5H 11 These represent CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0267] The medium does not contain compounds of formulas Y, B, LY, or AY.

[0268] The medium does not contain compounds having a 1,4-phenylene group substituted with F or Cl at the 2nd and 3rd positions.

[0269] The medium further includes one or more compounds selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0270] [ka]

[0271] In the formula, each base is independent of the others and, in each instance, identical or different, has the following meanings: [ka] R 0 In equation I, R 1 It is one of the meanings given to it, X 0These are F, Cl, CN, SF5, SCN, NCS, halogenated alkyl groups having up to 6 C atoms, halogenated alkenyl groups, halogenated alkoxy groups, or halogenated alkenyloxy groups. Y 1~6 is H or F, Y 0 It is either H or CH3.

[0272] Preferred compounds of formulas II and III are Y 0 This is the case where H is the value.

[0273] More preferable compounds are those of formula II and III, R 0 X represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl or propyl, and X 0 This is a result of F or OCF3, very preferably F.

[0274] The medium may contain one or more compounds of formula II selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0275] [ka]

[0276] [ka]

[0277] In the formula, R 0 and X 0 This has the meaning given by equation II.

[0278] Preferred compounds are those of formulas II1, II2, and II3, and very preferred are those of formulas II1 and II2.

[0279] In the compounds of formulas II1 to II7, R 0 X preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl or propyl, and 0represents preferably F or OCF3, and very preferably F.

[0280] The medium is Y 0 The medium may contain one or more compounds of formula II or their sub-formulas as described above, wherein is CH3. Very preferably, the medium according to this preferred embodiment contains one or more compounds of formula II selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0281] [ka]

[0282] [ka]

[0283] In the formula, R 0 and X 0 This has the meaning given by equation II.

[0284] Preferred compounds are those of formulas IIA1, IIA2, and IIA3, and very preferred are those of formulas IIA1 and IIA2.

[0285] In the compounds of formulas IIA1 to IIA7, R 0 X preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl or propyl, and 0 represents preferably F or OCF3, and very preferably F.

[0286] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula III selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0287] [ka]

[0288] [ka]

[0289] [ka]

[0290] [ka]

[0291] In the formula, R 0 and X 0 This has the meaning given by equation II.

[0292] Preferred compounds are those of formulas III1, III4, III6, III16, III19, and III20.

[0293] In the compounds of formulas III1 to III21, R 0 X preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl or propyl, and 0 is preferably F or OCF3, very preferably F, and Y 2 This preferably represents F.

[0294] The medium is Y 0 The medium comprises one or more compounds of formula III or their sub-formulas as described above, wherein the compound is CH3. Very preferably, the medium according to this preferred embodiment comprises one or more compounds of formula III selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0295] [ka]

[0296] [ka]

[0297] [ka]

[0298] [ka]

[0299] In the formula, R 0 and X 0 This has the meaning given by equation III.

[0300] Preferred compounds are those of formulas IIIA1, IIIA4, IIIA6, IIIA16, IIIA19, and IIIA20.

[0301] In the compounds of formulas IIIA1 to IIIA21, R 0 X preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl or propyl, and 0 is preferably F or OCF3, very preferably F, and Y 2 This preferably represents F.

[0302] The medium contains one or more compounds selected from the following formulas.

[0303] [ka]

[0304] During the ceremony, R 0 , X 0 and Y 1~5 This has the meaning shown in equations II and III, Z 0 This represents -C2H4-, -(CH2)4-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -C2F4-, --CH2CF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO- or -OCF2-, as well as single bonds in formulas V and VI, and -CF2O- in formulas V and VIII. r represents 0 or 1, 's' represents either 0 or 1.

[0305] Compounds of formula IV are preferably selected from the following formulas.

[0306] [ka]

[0307] In the formula, R 0 and X 0 The terms have the meanings shown in equations II and III.

[0308] R 0 X preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 0 This preferably represents F or OCF3, and more preferably OCF=CF2 or Cl.

[0309] The compound of formula IVa is preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0310] [ka]

[0311] The compound of formula IVb is preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0312] [ka]

[0313] The compound of formula IVc is preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0314] [ka]

[0315] In the formula, R 0 The compound has the meaning shown in Formula II, and is preferably propyl or pentyl.

[0316] In the mixture according to the present invention, one or more compounds of formula IVc, particularly formula IVc1, are used in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight, and more preferably 2 to 15% by weight.

[0317] Compounds of formula V are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0318] [ka]

[0319] [ka]

[0320] In the formula, R 0 and X 0 This has the meaning shown in Equation II.

[0321] R 0 X preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 0 is preferably F or OCF3, and more preferably OCHF2, CF3, OCF=CF2 and OCH=CF2.

[0322] The compound of formula VI is preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0323] [ka]

[0324] In the formula, R 0 and X 0 This has the meaning shown in Equation II.

[0325] R 0 X preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 0 is preferably F, and more preferably OCF3, CF3, CF=CF2, OCHF2, and OCH=CF2.

[0326] The compound of formula VII is preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0327] [ka]

[0328] In the formula, R 0 and X 0 This has meaning in equation II above.

[0329] R 0 X preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 0 is preferably F, and more preferably OCF3, OCHF2, and OCH=CF2.

[0330] In some embodiments, the medium further comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formulas.

[0331] [ka]

[0332] In the formula, R 0 and X 0 Each of these has one of the meanings shown in Equation II, independently of the other. Y 1~4 Each of these independently represents either H or F. Y 5 represents H or CH3, preferably H. X 0 Preferably, it is F, Cl, CF3, OCF3, or OCHF2. R 0 Preferably, each represents an alkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl, or alkenyl having up to six carbon atoms.

[0333] More preferably, the medium according to the present invention comprises one or more compounds of formula XXa.

[0334] [ka]

[0335] In the formula, R 0 R has the meaning shown in equation L1. 0 is preferably a linear alkyl group, particularly ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, and n-pentyl, and very preferably n-propyl.

[0336] Compounds of formula XX, particularly formula XXa (one or more), are used in the mixture according to the present invention in an amount of preferably 0 to 15% by weight, and particularly preferably 1 to 10% by weight.

[0337] More preferably, the medium according to the present invention comprises one or more compounds of formula XXIa.

[0338] [ka]

[0339] In the formula, R 0 R has the meaning shown in equation L1. 0 is preferably a linear alkyl group, particularly ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, and n-pentyl, and very preferably n-propyl.

[0340] Compounds of formula XXI, particularly formula XXIa (one or more), are used in the mixture according to the present invention in an amount of preferably 1 to 15% by weight, and particularly preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0341] More preferably, the medium according to the present invention comprises one or more compounds of formula XXIIIa.

[0342] [ka]

[0343] In the formula, R 0 R has the meaning shown in equation L1. 0is preferably a linear alkyl group, particularly ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, or n-pentyl, and very preferably n-propyl.

[0344] Compounds of formula XXIII, particularly formula XXIIIa (one or more), are used in the mixture according to the present invention in an amount of preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, and particularly preferably 0.5 to 2% by weight.

[0345] The medium further contains one or more compounds of formula XXIV.

[0346] [ka]

[0347] In the formula, R 0 , X 0 and Y 1~6 The expression has the meaning shown in Equation III, where s represents 0 or 1. [ka] It represents.

[0348] In equation XXIV, X 0 It may also represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The alkyl or alkoxy group is preferably linear.

[0349] R 0 X preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 0 This preferably represents F.

[0350] The compound of formula XXIV is preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0351] [ka]

[0352] [ka]

[0353] In the formula, R 0 , X 0 and Y 1 R has the meaning shown in Equation III. 0 X preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 0 Preferably, it represents F, and Y 1 It is preferably F.

[0354] [ka]

[0355] R 0 These are linear alkyl or alkenyl groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0356] The medium may further contain one or more compounds of the following formula.

[0357] [ka]

[0358] In the formula, each R 1 and X 0 In equation I, R 1 and X 0 It has the meaning shown in R. 1 X preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 0 is preferably F or Cl. In formula XXIV, X 0 This very preferably represents Cl.

[0359] The medium contains one or more compounds of the following formula.

[0360] [ka]

[0361] In the formula, each R 1 and X 0 In equation I, R 1 and X 0 It has the meaning shown in R. 1 X preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 0 preferably represents F. The medium according to the present invention is particularly preferably X 0 Preferably, it contains one or more compounds of formula XXIX representing F.

[0362] Compounds of formulas XXVI to XXIX (one or more) are used in the mixture according to the present invention in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 15% by weight. A particularly preferred mixture contains at least one compound of formula XXIX.

[0363] In some embodiments, the medium comprises one or more compounds of the following formula.

[0364] [ka]

[0365] In the formula, each R 1 and R 2 The terms have the meanings shown in formulas I and L1, and preferably each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other.

[0366] More preferably, the medium according to the present invention comprises one or more compounds of formula XXIXa.

[0367] [ka]

[0368] In the formula, R 1 The above has the meaning and preferably represents a linear alkyl group, particularly ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, or n-pentyl, and very preferably n-propyl.

[0369] The compound of formula XXIXa (one or more types) is preferably used in the mixture according to the present invention in an amount of 1 to 15% by weight, and particularly preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0370] The medium may further contain one or more pyrimidine or pyridine compounds of the following formula.

[0371] [ka]

[0372] In the formula, each R 1 and X 0 In equation I, R 1 and X 0 It has the meaning shown in R. 1 X preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 0 preferably represents F. The medium according to the present invention is particularly preferably X 0 The mixture preferably contains one or more compounds of formula XXX1 where F is represented. The compounds of formulas XXX1 to XXX3 (one or more) are used in the mixture according to the present invention in an amount of preferably 1 to 20% by weight, and particularly preferably 1 to 15% by weight.

[0373] The medium may contain one or more compounds of the following formula. TIFF2023138924000141.tif91166

[0374] In the formula, L and R respectively 1 and R 2 In equation L1, Y 1 , R 0 and R 2 It has the meaning shown in R. 1 and R 2 Preferably, each represents an alkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl, or alkenyl having up to six carbon atoms.

[0375] Further preferred LC media include any combination thereof and are selected from the following preferred embodiments: • Compounds of formula I when combined with compounds of formula L1 • Compounds of formula I when combined with compounds of formula L2 • Compounds of formula L1 and compounds of formula Z1 combined with compounds of formula I Compound I is formed by combining the compound of formula L2 and the compound of formula Z1.

[0376] The medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I or its subformulas, as well as L1 and / or L2, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Y, B, LY, AY, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, XII, XIV, XV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XVIII, XIX, XX, XXI, XII, XXIII, XXIV, XXV, XXVI, XXVII, XXVIII, XXIX, XXX1, XXX2, XXX3, XXXI, XXXII, XXXIII, and XXXIV and their subformulas.

[0377] The medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I or its subformulas, as well as L1 and / or L2, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Y, B, II, III, IV, VI, XIV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XX, XII, XXIII, XXIX, XXXI, and XXXIV, and their subformulas.

[0378] The medium contains one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula II, preferably formulas II1, II2, and II3, and more preferably from formulas II1 and II2. The individual concentrations of each of these compounds are preferably 2 to 15% by weight. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 25% by weight.

[0379] The medium contains one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula III, preferably formulas III1, III4, III6, III16, III19, and III20, and more preferably from the group consisting of formulas III1, III6, III16, and III20. The individual concentrations of each of these compounds are preferably 2 to 15% by weight. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 30% by weight.

[0380] The medium is selected from formula IV, preferably formula IVa or IVc, very preferably from formula IVa1 or IVc1, and most preferably contains one or more compounds of formula IVc1. The individual concentrations of each of these compounds are preferably 2 to 15% by weight. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 20% by weight.

[0381] The medium contains one or more compounds selected from formula VI, preferably formula VIb. The individual concentrations of each of these compounds are preferably 1 to 20% by weight. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 20% by weight.

[0382] The medium contains one or more compounds selected from formula Z1, preferably from formula Z1-1. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 1 to 25% by weight.

[0383] The medium contains one or more compounds selected from formula Z2, preferably from formulas Z2-1 and Z2-2. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 35% by weight, and very preferably 3 to 25% by weight.

[0384] The medium contains 5 to 20% by weight of a compound of formula Z3, preferably formula Z3-1.

[0385] The medium contains 5 to 20% by weight of a compound of formula Z4, preferably formula Z4-1.

[0386] The medium contains 10-65% by weight, very preferably 20-60% by weight, of the compound of formula Z5.

[0387] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula XII, preferably formula XIIa or XIIb, very preferably formula XIIa, and most preferably formula XIIa1. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight.

[0388] The medium contains 1 to 15% by weight of the compound of formula XIIb.

[0389] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula XIV, preferably formula XIVd, and very preferably formula XIVd1. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0390] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula XVIb, preferably formula XVIb1, XVIb2, and / or XVI3. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight.

[0391] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula XVIc, preferably formula XVIc1, XVIc2, and / or XVIc3. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 20% by weight.

[0392] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula XVIg, preferably formula XVIg1 and / or XVIg2. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 25% by weight.

[0393] The medium is selected from the group consisting of formulas XVIIa, XVIIb, and XVIIc, and more preferably contains one or more compounds of formula XVIIa where L is H and formula XVIIb where L is F. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight.

[0394] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula XX, preferably formula XXa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0395] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXI, preferably formula XXIa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0396] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXIII, preferably formula XXIIIa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight.

[0397] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXIX, preferably formula XXIXa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0398] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXX. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0399] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXXI. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0400] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXXI. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0401] The medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXXIV. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 1 to 5% by weight.

[0402] The medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I, preferably formula I1 and L1 and / or L2; one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas Z1, Z2 and Z3 or their subformulas; one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas IX, X and XIV or their subformulas; one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas II, III, IV, VI, XX, XXIII and XXIX or their subformulas; and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas XII, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXXI and XXXIV or their subformulas.

[0403] The medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I, preferably formula I1, L1 and / or L2; one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 or their subformulas; one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula XIVd or its subformulas; one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas II, III, IVc, VIb, XXa, XXIIIa and XXIXa or their subformulas; and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas XIIb, XVIb, XVIc, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXXI and XXXIV or their subformulas.

[0404] The medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I, preferably formula I1, L1 and / or L2; one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas Z1, Z2 and Z3 or their subformulas; one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula Y, preferably Y1 and Y2; one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas IX, X and XIV or their subformulas; one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas II, III, IV, VI, XX, XXIII and XXIX or their subformulas; and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas XII, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXXI and XXXIV or their subformulas.

[0405] The medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I, preferably formula I1, L1 and / or L2; one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 or their subformulas; one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula B, preferably B1, B2 and B3; one or more compounds of formula XIVd or its subformulas; one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas II, III, IVc, VIb, XXa, XXIIIa and XXIXa or their subformulas; and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas XIIb, XVIb, XVIc, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXXI and XXXIV or their subformulas.

[0406] In addition to the compounds of formula I, the medium further includes compounds selected from the group of compounds of Z1, Z2, Z3, Y, B, IV, XII, XIV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXI, XXIII, XXIX, XXX, XXXI, and XXIV or their subformulas.

[0407] In addition to the compounds of formula I, the medium further includes compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, IV, XII, XIV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXI, XXIII, XXIX, XXX, XXXI, and XXIV or their subformulas.

[0408] The proportion of compound of formula I or its sub-formula in the medium is 1 to 30% by weight, very preferably 2 to 25% by weight, and most preferably 2 to 20% by weight.

[0409] The proportion of compounds of formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, and Z5 or their sub-formulas in the mixture is 10 to 65% by weight, very preferably 20 to 60% by weight.

[0410] The proportion of the compound of formula Y or its sub-formula in the entire mixture is 1 to 20% by weight, very preferably 2 to 15% by weight.

[0411] The proportion of compound of formula B or its sub-formula in the entire mixture is 1 to 20% by weight, very preferably 2 to 18% by weight.

[0412] The proportion of compounds of formulas II, III, IV-VIII, XVIII-XXIII, and XXVII-XXX in the overall mixture is 30-60% by weight.

[0413] The proportion of compounds of formulas XII to XV in the whole mixture is 40 to 70% by weight.

[0414] The proportion of compounds of formulas XIV, XVIIa-c, and XXXI-XXXIII in the whole mixture is 0.5-15% by weight.

[0415] In this application, the term "alkyl (alkyl)" or "alkyl * (Alkyl * The group includes linear and branched alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly the linear groups methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, and hexyl. Groups having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are generally preferred.

[0416] The term "alkenyl" or "alkenyl * (Alkenil * The term "alkenyl" includes linear and branched alkenyl groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly linear groups. Preferred alkenyl groups are C2-C7-1E-alkenyl, C4-C6-3E-alkenyl, and especially C2-C6-1E-alkenyl. Particularly preferred examples of alkenyl groups are vinyl, 1E-propenyl, 1E-butenyl, 1E-pentenyl, 1E-hexenyl, 3-butenyl, 3E-pentenyl, 3E-hexenyl, 4-pentenyl, 4Z-hexenyl, 4E-hexenyl, and 5-hexenyl. Groups having up to 5 carbon atoms, particularly CH2=CH and CH3CH=CH, are generally preferred.

[0417] The term "fluoroalkyl" preferably includes linear groups having terminal fluorines, namely fluoromethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 3-fluoropropyl, 4-fluorobutyl, 5-fluoropentyl, 6-fluorohexyl, and 7-fluoroheptyl. However, this does not exclude other positions of fluorine.

[0418] The terms "oxaalkyl" or "alkoxy" are preferably derived from the formula C n H 2n+1 -O-(CH2) m The formula includes a linear group, where n and m each independently represent 1 to 6. m may also represent 0. Preferably, n=1 and m=1 to 6 or m=0 and n=1 to 3. More preferably, the alkoxy or oxaalkyl group may also contain one or more additional oxygen atoms such that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other.

[0419] R 0 and X 0 By appropriately selecting the meaning of the terms, the address time, threshold voltage, steepness of the transmission characteristic line, etc., can be modified in the desired manner. For example, 1E-alkenyl groups, 3E-alkenyl groups, and 2E-alkenyloxy groups generally exhibit shorter address times, improved nematic tendencies, and elastic constant k compared to alkyl and alkoxy groups. 33 (bend) and k 11 This results in a higher ratio between (spray). 4-Alkenyl groups, 3-Alkenyl groups, etc., generally have lower threshold voltages and k compared to alkyl and alkoxy groups. 33 / k 11 It gives a lower value. The mixture according to the present invention is particularly distinguished by a high value of Δε, and thus has a significantly faster response time than mixtures from the prior art.

[0420] The optimal mixing ratio of the compound in the above formula depends substantially on the desired properties, the selection of the components in the above formula, and the selection of any further components that may be present.

[0421] The appropriate mixing ratio within the range shown above can be easily determined each time.

[0422] The total amount of the compound of the above formula in the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention is not important. Therefore, the mixture may contain one or more additional components for the purpose of optimizing various properties. However, the observed effect on the desired improvement of the medium's properties is generally greater as the total concentration of the compound of the above formula increases.

[0423] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention is X 0The compounds include those of formulas IV to VIII (preferably IV and V), where F, OCF3, OCHF2, OCH=CF2, OCF=CF2, or OCF2-CF2H. Preferred synergies with compounds of formulas I, L1 and / or II and III result in particularly advantageous properties. Mixtures containing compounds of formulas I, L1 and / or II and III are distinguished by their low threshold voltages.

[0424] The individual compounds of the above formulas and their sub-formulas that can be used in the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention are either known or can be prepared in a manner similar to known compounds.

[0425] The present invention also relates to a method for preparing a liquid crystal medium as described above and below, by mixing one or more compounds of formula I with one or more compounds of formula L1 and / or L2, Y1, Y2, or Y3, one or more compounds of formula B, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas II, III, Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, IV, VI, XIV, XII, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XX, XXIII, XXIX, XXI, and XXXIV.

[0426] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid crystal medium further comprises one or more polymerizable compounds. The polymerizable compounds are preferably selected from formula M.

[0427] [ka]

[0428] In the formula, each base, identical or different in its respective appearance, has the following meanings, independently of each other: R a and R b This includes P, P-Sp-, H, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, SF5, or linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 25 carbon atoms (however, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are each independently of each other, -C(R0 )=C(R 00 )-, -C≡C-, -N(R 00 ) represents -, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, where the O and / or S atoms may be replaced in such a way that they are not directly linked to each other, except that one or more H atoms may be replaced with F, Cl, Br, I, CN, P or P-Sp-. 1 and / or B 2 If it contains saturated C atoms, R a and / or R b This may also represent a group spiro-linked to this saturated C atom. However, base R a and R b At least one of them represents or contains the base P or P-Sp-, P represents a polymerizable group, Sp represents a spacer group or a single bond. B 1 and B 2 represents an aromatic, heteroaromatic, alicyclic, or heterocyclic group having preferably 4 to 25 ring atoms, wherein the group may also contain a fused ring, and the group is unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted with L. Z b -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -OCO-, -O-CO-O-, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -(CH2) n1 -, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -(CF2) n1 -, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-COO-, -OCO-CH=CH-, CR 0 R 00 or single bond, R 0 and R 00 Each of these independently represents an alkyl group having H or 1 to 12 C atoms. m represents 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. n1 represents 1, 2, 3, or 4. L is P, P-Sp-, OH, CH2OH, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)N(R x )2, -C(=O)Y 1 -C(=O)R x , -N(R x )2. Represents a silyl which may be optionally substituted, an aryl which may be optionally substituted with 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy which may be optionally substituted with 1 to 25 carbon atoms, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms may be replaced with F, Cl, P or P-Sp-. P and Sp have the meanings shown in formula M above, Y 1 This represents halogen, R x This represents P, P-Sp-, H, halogens, linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl groups having 1 to 25 carbon atoms (in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced with -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, so that the O and / or S atoms are not directly linked to each other, and in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced with F, Cl, P, or P-Sp-), optionally substituted aryl or aryloxy groups having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or optionally substituted heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy groups having 2 to 40 carbon atoms.

[0429] A particularly preferred compound of formula M is one in which B 1 and B 2However, each is independent of the others: 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, naphthalene-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,7-diyl, anthracene-2,7-diyl, fluorene-2,7-diyl, coumarin, flavone (however, one or more CH groups in these groups may be replaced with N), cyclohexane-1,4-diyl (however, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced with O and / or S), 1, Represents 4-cyclohexenylene, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-diyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diyl, spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, piperidine-1,4-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, indan-2,5-diyl, or octahydro-4,7-methanoindan-2,5-diyl, wherein all of these groups may be unsubstituted, monosubstituted, or polysubstituted with L as defined above in formula M.

[0430] A particularly preferred compound of formula M is one in which B 1 and B 2 However, each of these independently represents 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, naphthalene-1,4-diyl, and naphthalene-2,6-diyl.

[0431] A highly preferred compound of formula M is selected from the following formulas.

[0432] [ka]

[0433] [ka]

[0434] [ka]

[0435] [ka]

[0436] [ka]

[0437] In the formula, each base, identical or different in its respective appearance, has the following meanings, independently of each other: P 1 , P 2 , P 3 represents a polymerizable group, preferably selected from vinyloxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloroacrylate, oxetane, and epoxy. Sp 1 , Sp 2 , Sp 3 represents a single bond or spacer group, but in addition, the present group P 1 -Sp 1 -, P 2 -Sp 2 -and P 3 -Sp 3 - At least one of them is R aa Subject to the condition that it is different, 1 -Sp 1 -, P 2 -Sp 2 -and P 3 -Sp 3 - One or more of the following are R aa It may also represent -(CH2) p1 -,-(CH2) p1 -O-, -(CH2) p1 -CO-O- or -(CH2) p1 -O-CO-O- means -O-CO-O-, where P1 is an integer from 1 to 12. R aaThis refers to linear or branched alkyl groups having H, F, Cl, CN, or 1 to 25 C atoms (however, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are independently linked to each other, such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly linked to each other, and each is -C(R 0 )=C(R 00 )-, -C≡C-, -N(R 0 ) may be replaced by -, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, CN or P 1 -Sp 1 - may be replaced by ), particularly preferably an alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 12 C atoms, which may be linear or branched and optionally monofluorinated or polyfluorinated (wherein alkenyl and alkynyl groups have at least 2 C atoms, and branched groups have at least 3 C atoms), R 0 , R 00 This represents an alkyl group having H or 1 to 12 C atoms. R y and R z This represents H, F, CH3, or CF3. X 1 , X 2 , X 3 This represents -CO-O-, -O-CO-, or a single bond. Z M1 -O-, -CO-, -C(R y R z )- or -CF2CF2- represents, Z M2 , Z M3 -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, or -(CH2) n -(where n is 2, 3, or 4) represents, L represents an alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 12 C atoms, which may be monofluorinated or polyfluorinated in any linear or branched manner. L' and L'' represent H, F, or Cl. r represents 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. s represents 0, 1, 2, or 3. t represents 0, 1, or 2. x represents either 0 or 1.

[0438] Compounds of formulas M2 and M13 are particularly preferred.

[0439] Trireactive compounds M15 to M31, particularly M17, M18, M19, M22, M23, M24, M25, M30 and M31 are more preferred.

[0440] In the compounds of formulas M1 to M31, [ka] In the formula, L has one of the meanings given to formula M above or below, identically or differently in each occurrence, preferably F, Cl, CN, NO2, CH3, C2H5, C(CH3)3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH(CH3)C2H5, OCH3, OC2H5, COCH3, COC2H5, COOCH3, COOC2H5, CF3, OCF3, OCHF2, OC2F5 or P-Sp-, very preferably F, Cl, CN, CH3, C2H5, OCH3, COCH3, OCF3 or P-Sp-, more preferably F, Cl, CH3, OCH3, COCH3 or OCF3, particularly F or CH3.

[0441] The preferred compounds of formulas M1 to M31 are, in the formula, P 1 , P 2 and P 3However, the compound is an acrylate, methacrylate, oxetane, or epoxy group, very preferably an acrylate or methacrylate group.

[0442] A more preferred compound of formulas M1 to M31 is, in the formula, Sp 1 , Sp 2 and Sp 3 It is a compound in which the bond is a single bond.

[0443] A more preferred compound of formulas M1 to M31 is, in the formula, Sp 1 , Sp 2 and Sp 3 One of them is a single bond, Sp 1 , Sp 2 and Sp 3 One of these is a compound that is different from a single bond.

[0444] A more preferred compound of formulas M1 to M31 is one in which these groups, Sp, are different from single bonds in the formula. 1 , Sp 2 and Sp 3 ga-(CH2) s1 A compound representing -X''- (wherein s1 is an integer from 1 to 6, preferably 2, 3, 4, or 5, and X'' is a linkage to a benzene ring, and is -O-, -O-CO-, -CO-O, -O-CO-O-, or a single bond).

[0445] A liquid crystal medium containing one, two, or three polymerizable compounds of formula M, preferably selected from formulas M1 to M31, is particularly preferred.

[0446] More preferably, the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention comprises one or more polymerizable compounds selected from Table E below.

[0447] Preferably, the proportion of the polymerizable compound selected from formula M and table E in the liquid crystal medium is preferably 0.01 to 5%, very preferably 0.05 to 1%, and most preferably 0.1 to 0.5%.

[0448] It has been observed that adding one or more polymerizable compounds, such as those selected from formula M and table E, to a liquid crystal medium yields advantageous properties such as fast response times. Such liquid crystal media are particularly suitable for use in PSA displays, exhibiting low image fixation, rapid and complete polymerization, rapid generation of low pre-tilt angles stable after UV exposure, high reliability, high VHR values ​​after UV exposure, and high birefringence. Appropriate selection of polymerizable compounds makes it possible to increase the absorption of the liquid crystal medium at longer UV wavelengths, allowing these longer UV wavelengths to be used for polymerization, which is advantageous in the display manufacturing process.

[0449] The polymerizable group P is suitable for polymerization reactions such as free radical or ionic chain polymerization, polyaddition or polycondensation, or polymer-like reactions such as addition or condensation to the main chain. Groups for chain polymerization, particularly those containing a C=C double bond or a -C≡C- triple bond, and groups suitable for ring-opening polymerization, such as oxetane or epoxide groups, are especially preferred.

[0450] The preferred group P is CH2=CW 1 -CO-O-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-, [ka] CH2=CW 2 -(O) k3 -, CW 1 =CH-CO-(O) k3 -, CW 1 =CH-CO-NH-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-NH-, CH3-CH=CH-O-, (CH2=CH)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-CO-, HO-CW 2 W 3 -, HS-CW 2 W 3 -, HW 2 N-, HO-CW 2 W 3-NH-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-NH-, CH2=CH-(COO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 -, CH2=CH-(CO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 -, Phe-CH=CH-, HOOC-, OCN- and W 4 W 5 W 6 Selected from the group consisting of Si-, where W is in the formula. 1 This represents H, F, Cl, CN, CF3, phenyl, or alkyl having 1 to 5 C atoms, in particular H, F, Cl or CH3, and W 2 and W 3 Each of these independently represents an alkyl group having H or 1 to 5 C atoms, particularly H, methyl, ethyl, or n-propyl, and W 4 , W 5 and W 6 Each of these independently represents Cl, an oxaalkyl or oxacarbonylalkyl having 1 to 5 C atoms, and W 7 and W 8 k1, k2, and k3 each independently represent H, Cl, or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 C atoms; Phe represents 1,4-phenylene which may be optionally substituted with one or more groups L other than P-Sp- as defined in formula M; k1, k2, and k3 each independently represent 0 or 1, k3 preferably represents 1, and k4 represents an integer from 1 to 10.

[0451] A very preferred group P is CH2=CW 1 -CO-O-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-, [ka] CH2=CW 2 -O-, CH=CW 2 -, CW 1 =CH-CO-(O) k3 -, CW 1 =CH-CO-NH-, CH2=CW 1-CO-NH-, (CH2=CH)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-CO-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-NH-, CH2=CH-(COO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 -, CH2=CH-(CO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 -, Phe-CH=CH- and W 4 W 5 W 6 Selected from the group consisting of Si-, where W is in the formula. 1 This represents H, F, Cl, CN, CF3, phenyl, or alkyl having 1 to 5 C atoms, in particular H, F, Cl or CH3, and W 2 and W 3 Each of these independently represents an alkyl group having H or 1 to 5 C atoms, particularly H, methyl, ethyl, or n-propyl, and W 4 , W 5 and W 6 Each of these independently represents Cl, an oxaalkyl or oxacarbonylalkyl having 1 to 5 C atoms, and W 7 and W 8 k1, k2, and k3 each independently represent H, Cl, or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 C atoms, Phe represents 1,4-phenylene, k1, k2, and k3 each independently represent 0 or 1, k3 preferably represents 1, and k4 represents an integer from 1 to 10.

[0452] A particularly preferred group P is CH2=CW 1 -CO-O-, in particular CH2=CH-CO-O-, CH2=C(CH3)-CO-O- and CH2=CF-CO-O-, and furthermore CH2=CH-O-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-CO-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-, [ka] Selected from.

[0453] A more preferred polymerizable group P is selected from the group consisting of vinyl oxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloroacrylate, oxetane, and epoxide, and is most preferably selected from acrylate and methacrylate.

[0454] When Sp is different from a single bond, it is preferably of the formula Sp"-X", and as a result each group P-Sp- corresponds to the formula P-Sp"-X"-, in the formula, Sp'' represents an alkylene having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 12, carbon atoms, and the group may optionally be monosubstituted or polysubstituted with F, Cl, Br, I, or CN, except that one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are each independently of each other, -O-, -S-, -NH-, -N(R 0 )-,-Si(R 0 R 00 )-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -S-CO-, -CO-S-, -N(R 00 )-CO-O-,-O-CO-N(R 0 )-,-N(R 0 )-CO-N(R 00 The oxygen and / or sulfur atoms may be replaced by -CH=CH- or -C≡C- such that they are not directly bonded to each other. “X” is -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -CO-N(R 0 )-,-N(R 0 )-CO-, -N(R 0 )-CO-N(R 00 )-, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CF2-, -CH=N-, -N=CH-, -N=N-, -CH=CR 0 -, -CY 2 =CY 3 -, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, -O-CO-CH=CH-, or single bond are represented. R 0 and R 00Each of these independently represents an alkyl group having H or 1 to 20 C atoms. Y 2 and Y 3 Each of these elements independently represents either H, F, Cl, or CN.

[0455] X" is sometimes -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -O-COO-, -CO-NR 0 -, -NR 0 -CO-, -NR 0 -CO-NR 00 -or it is a single bond.

[0456] Typical spacer bases Sp and -Sp”-X”- are, for example, -(CH2) p1 -,-(CH2CH2O) q1 -CH2CH2-, -CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-, -CH2CH2-NH-CH2CH2- or -(SiR 0 R 00 -O) p1 - and in the formula, p1 is an integer from 1 to 12, q1 is an integer from 1 to 3, R 0 and R 00 This has the meaning shown in equation M above.

[0457] Particularly preferred groups are Sp and -Sp”-X”-, which are -(CH2) p1 -,-(CH2) p1 -O-, -(CH2) p1 -O-CO-, -(CH2) p1 -CO-O-, -(CH2) p1 The equation is -O-CO-O-, where p1 and q1 have the meanings shown above.

[0458] Particularly preferred groups Sp'' are, in each case, linear ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene, hexylene, heptylene, octylene, nonylene, decylene, undecylene, dodecylene, octadecylene, ethyleneoxyethylene, methyleneoxybutylene, ethylenethioethylene, ethylene-N-methyliminoethylene, 1-methylalkylene, etenylene, propenylene, and butenylene.

[0459] For the manufacture of PSA displays, polymerizable compounds contained in the liquid crystal medium are polymerized or (if a compound contains two or more polymerizable groups) crosslinked by in situ polymerization in the liquid crystal medium between the substrates of the LC display while optionally applying a voltage to the electrodes.

[0460] The structure of the PSA display according to the present invention corresponds to the conventional configuration of a PSA display as described in the prior art cited at the beginning. A configuration without protrusions is preferred, and in particular, it is preferred that the electrodes on the color filter side are not structured, and only the electrodes on the TFT side have slots. A particularly suitable and preferred electrode structure for a PS-VA display is described, for example, in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0066793.

[0461] By combining the compounds of the preferred embodiments described above with the polymerizable compounds, the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention consistently provides a high transparency point and a high VHR value, along with a low threshold voltage, low rotational viscosity, and very good low-temperature stability.

[0462] By using a liquid crystal medium containing polymerizable compounds, particularly low pre-tilt angles can be rapidly established in PSA displays. In particular, the liquid crystal medium demonstrates a significant reduction in response time in PSA displays, especially in intermediate grayscale levels, compared to conventional media.

[0463] A liquid crystal medium having a nematic liquid crystal phase and preferably not having a chiral liquid crystal phase is generally preferred.

[0464] The present invention also relates to the use of liquid crystal media according to the present invention as described above and below for electro-optical purposes, particularly for use in shutter glasses, for 3D applications in TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, positive VA and positive PS-VA displays, and to electro-optical displays, particularly of the aforementioned types, including liquid crystal media according to the present invention as described above and below, particularly TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, positive VA (vertically aligned) or positive PS-VA displays.

[0465] The present invention also relates to an electro-optical display, such as an STN or MLC display, having two flat, parallel outer plates that constitute a cell together with a frame, integrated nonlinear elements for switching individual pixels on the outer plates, and a nematic liquid crystal medium disposed within the cell having positive dielectric anisotropy and high resistivity, wherein the nematic liquid crystal medium is the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention as described above and below.

[0466] The liquid crystal medium according to the present invention enables a significant expansion of the range of available parameters. The achievable combination of transparency, viscosity at low temperatures, thermal and UV stability, and high optical anisotropy is far superior to prior art materials.

[0467] In particular, by combining the compound of formula I with the compounds of formula L1 and / or L2, and optionally with compounds selected from formulas II to XXXIII or their sub-formulas, it is possible to maintain low rotational viscosity and a low ratio γ1 / K1 while exhibiting moderate positive dielectric anisotropy and simultaneously having a dielectric constant ε perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the liquid crystal molecule. ⊥ This leads to increased liquid crystal media. This enables liquid crystal displays, particularly in FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, and IPS modes, that have high brightness and transmittance as well as low response time.

[0468] The liquid crystal medium according to the present invention is suitable for portable applications such as mobile phones and PDAs, as well as TFT applications. Furthermore, the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention is particularly suitable for use in FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, and IPS displays based on dielectrically positive liquid crystals.

[0469] The liquid crystal medium according to the present invention maintains the nematic phase down to -20°C, preferably up to -30°C, and particularly preferably up to -40°C, and a transparency point of 85°C or higher, preferably 90°C or higher, while simultaneously achieving a rotational viscosity γ1 of 120 mPa·s or less, particularly preferably 100 mPa·s or less, enabling an excellent MLC display with a fast response time. The rotational viscosity is determined at 20°C.

[0470] The dielectric anisotropy Δε of the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention at 20°C and 1kHz is preferably +1.5 or higher, and very preferably +3 to +18.

[0471] The birefringence Δn of the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention at 20°C is preferably 0.08 to 0.12, and very preferably 0.09 to 0.11.

[0472] The rotational viscosity γ1 of the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention is preferably 120 mPs·seconds or less, more preferably 110 mPs·seconds or less, and very preferably 90 mPs·seconds or less.

[0473] The ratio γ1 / K1 of the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention (wherein γ1 is the rotational viscosity γ1 and K1 is the elastic constant in spray deformation) is preferably 7 mPs·sec / pN or less, very preferably 6 mPs·sec / pN or less, and most preferably 5.5 mPs·sec / pN or less.

[0474] The nematic phase range of the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention preferably has a width of at least 90°C, more preferably at least 100°C, and particularly preferably at least 110°C. This range preferably extends to at least -25°C to +90°C.

[0475] Needless to say, through appropriate selection of the components of the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention, it is possible to achieve a higher transparency point (e.g., above 100°C) at a higher threshold voltage, or a lower transparency point at a lower threshold voltage, while retaining other advantageous properties. Correspondingly, it is equally possible to obtain a liquid crystal medium having a higher Δε and, consequently, a lower threshold, with only a slightly increased viscosity. The MLC display according to the present invention preferably operates at Gooch and Tarry's first-order transmission minimum [CH Gooch and HATarry, Electron. Lett. Vol. 10, pp. 2-4, 1974; CH Gooch and HATarry, Appl. Phys. Vol. 8, pp. 1575-1584, 1975], in which case, in addition to particularly desirable electro-optic properties such as high steepness of characteristic lines and low angle dependence of contrast (German Patent No. 3022818), a lower dielectric anisotropy is sufficient to obtain the same threshold voltage as a similar display at a second-order minimum. Therefore, by using the mixture according to the present invention in the first minimum, it becomes possible to achieve a significantly higher resistivity than when the liquid crystal medium contains a cyano compound. Through the appropriate selection of the individual components and their weight ratios, those skilled in the art can set the required birefringence for a predetermined layer thickness of the MLC display using a simple, conventional method.

[0476] The voltage holding ratio (HR) was measured [S. Matsumoto et al., Liquid Crystals, Vol. 5, p. 1320 (1989); K. Niwa et al., Proc. SID Conference, San Francisco, June 1984, p. 304 (1984); G. Weber et al., Liquid Crystals, Vol. 5, p. 1381 (1989)] and the following formula was obtained:

[0477] [ka] Cyanophenylcyclohexanes, or the following formula

[0478] [ka] It has been shown that the liquid crystal media according to the present invention, containing the compounds of formulas ST1, ST2, RV, IA, and IB, exhibits significantly less decrease in HR upon UV exposure compared to similar mixtures containing the esters of formulas ST1, ST2, RV, IA, and IB instead.

[0479] The liquid crystal media according to the present invention exhibits excellent photostability and UV stability, meaning they show a remarkably small decrease in HR when exposed to light, heat, or UV light.

[0480] The configuration of the MLC display according to the present invention, consisting of a polarizer, an electrode substrate, and surface-treated electrodes, corresponds to a conventional design of this type of display. In this specification, the term conventional design is broad and includes all derivatives and modifications of MLC displays, and in particular, matrix display elements based on polycrystalline silicon TFTs or MIMs.

[0481] However, a major difference between the display according to the present invention and conventional displays based on twisted nematic cells lies in the selection of liquid crystal parameters for the liquid crystal layer.

[0482] The liquid crystal media usable according to the present invention can be prepared in a conventional manner by, for example, mixing one or more compounds of claim 1 with one or more compounds of formulas II to XXXIV, or with further liquid crystal compounds and / or additives. Generally, the desired amount of a component used in smaller quantities is dissolved in the components constituting the main composition, preferably by heating. Alternatively, the solutions of the components can be mixed in an organic solvent, for example, acetone, chloroform, or methanol, and after complete mixing, the solvent can be removed again, for example, by distillation.

[0483] The LC medium may also include further additives known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature, such as polymerization initiators, inhibitors, surfactants, light stabilizers, antioxidants, such as BHT, TEMPOL, fine particles, free radical scavengers, and nanoparticles. For example, 0-15% of a polychromic dye or chiral dopant or an initiator such as Irgacure® 651 or Irgacure® 907 can be added. Suitable stabilizers and dopants are described in Tables C and D below.

[0484] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the LC medium comprises one or more further stabilizers, preferably selected from the group consisting of the following formulas.

[0485] [ka]

[0486] In the formula, each base, in its respective appearance, has the following meanings, independently of and distinct from one another: R a~d A linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 6, very preferably 1 to 4 C atoms, most preferably methyl, X S H, CH3, OH, or O ● , A S A linear, branched, or cyclic alkylene having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted. n is an integer from 1 to 6, preferably 3, and s is either 0 or 1.

[0487] The preferred stabilizer for formula ST3 is selected from formula ST3A.

[0488] [ka]

[0489] In the formula, n² is an integer between 1 and 12, provided that the base (CH²)n2 One or more H atoms in may be optionally replaced with methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, or hexyl atoms.

[0490] A highly preferred stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of the following formulas.

[0491] [ka]

[0492] [ka]

[0493] [ka]

[0494] [ka]

[0495] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more stabilizers selected from the group consisting of formulas ST1-1, ST2-1, ST3-1, ST3-1, and ST3-3.

[0496] In preferred embodiments, the LC medium comprises one or more stabilizers selected from Table D.

[0497] Preferably, the proportion of stabilizers such as those of formulas ST1 to ST3 in the LC medium is 10 to 2000 ppm, and very preferably 30 to 1000 ppm.

[0498] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium according to the present invention contains a self-aligning (SA) additive, preferably at a concentration of 0.1 to 2.5% by weight. The LC medium according to this preferred embodiment is particularly suitable for use in polymer-stabilized SA-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, or SA-XB-FFS displays.

[0499] In preferred embodiments, the SA-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, or SA-XB-FFS display according to the present invention does not include a polyimide orientation layer. In other preferred embodiments, the SA-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, or SA-XB-FFS display according to a preferred embodiment includes a polyimide orientation layer.

[0500] Preferred SA additives for use in this preferred embodiment are selected from compounds comprising a mesogenic group and a linear or branched alkyl side chain terminated by one or more polar anchor groups selected from hydroxy, carboxy, amino, or thiol groups.

[0501] A more preferred SA additive comprises one or more polymerizable groups optionally linked to a mesogenic group or polar anchor group via spacer groups. These polymerizable SA additives can be polymerized in an LC medium under conditions similar to those applied to RM in the PSA process.

[0502] Suitable SA additives for inducing homeotropic orientation, particularly for use in SA-VA mode displays, are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013 / 0182202, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014 / 0838581, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2015 / 0166890, and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2015 / 0252265.

[0503] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium or polymer-stabilized SA-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, or SA-XB-FFS display according to the present invention comprises one or more self-orienting additives selected from Table F below.

[0504] Furthermore, for example, 0 to 15% by weight of a polychromatic dye, furthermore, nanoparticles, conductive salts to improve conductivity, preferably complex salts of ethyldimethyldodecylammonium 4-hexoxybenzoate, tetrabutylammonium tetraphenylborate, or crown ether (see, for example, Haller et al., Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Vol. 24, pp. 249-258 (1973)), or substances to modify the dielectric anisotropy, viscosity, and / or orientation of the nematic phase may be added to the liquid crystal medium. This type of substance is described, for example, in German Patent Publication No. 22 09 127, German Patent Publication No. 22 40 864, German Patent Publication No. 23 21 632, German Patent Publication No. 23 38 281, German Patent Publication No. 24 50 088, German Patent Publication No. 26 37 430, and German Patent Publication No. 28 53 728.

[0505] In the present invention and the following examples, the structure of the liquid crystal compound is indicated by an acronym, and its conversion to a chemical formula is performed according to Tables A to C below. n H 2n+1 , C m H 2m+1 and C l H2 l+1 or C n H 2n and C m H 2m These are linear alkyl or alkylene groups having n, m, and l carbon atoms, respectively. Preferably, n, m, and l are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, independently of each other. Table A shows the codes of the ring elements of the core of the compound, Table B lists the bridging units, and Table C lists the meanings of the symbols of the left- and right-end groups of the molecule. The acronym consists of the code of the ring element having any linking group, followed by a first hyphen and the code of the left-end group, and a second hyphen and the code of the right-end group. Table D shows structural examples of the compound along with their respective abbreviations.

[0506] <Table A: Ring elements>

[0507] [Table 1]

[0508] [Table 2]

[0509] [Table 3]

[0510] <Table B: Bridge Units>

[0511] [Table 4]

[0512] <Table C: Terminal group>

[0513] [Table 5]

[0514] [Table 6]

[0515] In the table, n and m are integers, and the three dots "..." are spaces for other abbreviations from this table.

[0516] Apart from the compounds of formulas I, IIIA, IIIB, IIIC, and / or IIID, the mixture according to the present invention preferably comprises one or more compounds of the compounds described below.

[0517] Use the following abbreviations: (n, m, k, and l are each independent integers, preferably 1 to 9, preferably 1 to 7, and k and l may also be 0, preferably 0 to 4, more preferably 0 or 2, most preferably 2; n is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, and in the combination "-nO-", preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4, more preferably 2 or 4; m is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, and in the combination "-Om", preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4, more preferably 2 or 4. The combination "-lVm" is preferably "2V1".)

[0518] Preferred mixture components are shown in Tables D and E.

[0519]

[0520] [Table 7]

[0521] [Table 8]

[0522] In the following equations, n and m represent 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12, in particular 2, 3, 5, and also 0, 4, 6, respectively.

[0523] [Table 9]

[0524] [Table 10]

[0525] [Table 11]

[0526] [Table 12]

[0527] [Table 13]

[0528] [Table 14]

[0529] [Table 15]

[0530] [Table 16]

[0531] [Table 17]

[0532] [Table 18]

[0533] [Table 19]

[0534] [Table 20]

[0535] A liquid crystal medium containing, in addition to the compounds of formula I, L1 and / or L2, at least one, two, three, or four or more compounds from Table E is particularly preferred.

[0536] Table F shows dopants that can generally be added to the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention. The liquid crystal medium preferably contains 0 to 10% by weight, particularly 0.01 to 5% by weight, and especially preferably 0.01 to 3% by weight of the dopant.

[0537] [Table 21]

[0538] [Table 22]

[0539] For example, a stabilizer that can be added to the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention in an amount of 0 to 10% by weight is described below.

[0540] [Table 23]

[0541] [Table 24]

[0542] [Table 25]

[0543] [Table 26]

[0544] [Table 27]

[0545] [Table 28]

[0546] Table H shows exemplary reactive mesogenic compounds (RM) that can be used in the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention.

[0547] [Table 29]

[0548] [Table 30]

[0549] [Table 31]

[0550] [Table 32]

[0551] [Table 33]

[0552] [Table 34]

[0553] [Table 35]

[0554] [Table 36]

[0555] [Table 37]

[0556] Table 38

[0557] Table 39

[0558] Table 40

[0559] Table 41

[0560] Table 42

[0561] Table 43

[0562] Table 44

[0563] Table 45

[0564] Table 46

[0565] Table 47

[0566] Table 48

[0567] [Table 49]

[0568] [Table 50]

[0569] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention preferably comprises one or more polymerizable compounds selected from polymerizable compounds of formulas RM-1 to RM-143. Of these, compounds RM-1, RM-4, RM-8, RM-17, RM-19, RM-35, RM-37, RM-39, RM-40, RM-41, RM-48, RM-52, RM-54, RM-57, RM-64, RM-74, RM-76, RM-88, RM-102, RM-103, RM-109, RM-117, RM-120, RM-121, and RM-122 are particularly preferred.

[0570] Table I shows self-aligning additives for vertical alignment that can be used in LC media for SA-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, and SA-XB-FFS displays according to the present invention.

[0571] [Table 51]

[0572] [Table 52]

[0573] [Table 53]

[0574] [Table 54]

[0575] [Table 55]

[0576] [Table 56]

[0577] [Table 57]

[0578] [Table 58]

[0579] In preferred embodiments, the LC media, SA-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, and SA-XB-FFS displays according to the present invention are preferably combined with one or more RMs of formula I and L1 and / or L2, and include one or more SA additives selected from formulas SA-1 to SA-34, preferably from formulas SA-14 to SA-34, very preferably from formulas SA-20 to SA-28, and most preferably formula SA-20. A combination of polymerizable compound 1, 2, or 3 of Example 1, very preferably polymerizable compound 3 of Example 1, and an SA additive of formulas SA-20 to SA-28, very preferably formula SA-20, is highly preferred.

[0580] The following examples of mixtures are intended to illustrate the present invention without limiting them.

[0581] In the above and below, the percentage data represents weight percentage. All temperatures are given in degrees Celsius. mp represents the melting point, and cl.p. represents the transparency point. Furthermore, C is the crystalline state, N is the nematic phase, S is the smectic phase, and I is the isotropic phase. The data between these symbols represents the transition temperature. The following symbols are also used:

[0582] Fredericks capacitance threshold voltage [V] at 20°C, V 10 Voltage at 10% transmission [V] n e Anomalous refractive index measured at 20°C and 589nm, The typical refractive index measured at 20°C and 589nm. Δn Optical anisotropy measured at 20℃ and 589nm, ε ⊥ The dielectric constant (or "dielectric constant") perpendicular to the long axis of the molecule at 20°C and 1kHz, ε ∥ The dielectric constant (or "dielectric constant") parallel to the major axis of the molecule at 20°C and 1kHz, Δε Dielectric anisotropy at 20℃ and 1kHz, cl.p. or T(N,I) transparency point [°C], ν is the fluid viscosity measured at 20°C [mm²] 2 ·s -1 ], γ Rotational viscosity [mPa·s] measured at 120℃, Elastic constant [pN] for "splay" deformation at K120℃, Elastic constant [pN] for "twist" deformation at K220℃, Elastic constant [pN] for "bend" deformation at K320℃, VHR (voltage holding ratio) Voltage holding ratio.

[0583] All physical properties are determined according to "Merck Liquid Crystals, Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals," published November 1997, Merck, Germany, unless otherwise specified, and are applicable at a temperature of 20°C. [Examples]

[0584] <Example 1>

[0585] [Table 59]

[0586] The LC medium further contains 100 ppm of the compound of formula ST3-1 as a stabilizer.

[0587] [ka]

[0588] This LC medium is characterized in FFS displays by its excellent contrast and fast switching. It has an average elastic constant of 16.1 pN K. av It has a response time parameter γ1 / K1 of =(K1+1 / 2K1+K3) / 3 and 5.58 mPasec / pN. In addition, the LC medium has a high transparency point of 113°C.

[0589] <Example 2>

[0590] [Table 60]

[0591] The LC medium further contains 30 ppm of the compound of formula ST2-1 as a stabilizer.

[0592] [ka]

[0593] The resulting LC medium is characterized in FFS displays by very good contrast and fast switching. It has an average elastic constant K of 15.3 pN. av It has a response time parameter γ1 / K1 of =(K1+1 / 2K1+K3) / 3 and 4.86 mPa seconds / pN. In addition, the LC medium has a high transparency point of 107.5°C.

[0594] <Example 3>

[0595] [Table 61]

[0596] The LC medium further contains 20 ppm of the compound of formula ST3-4 as a stabilizer.

[0597] [ka]

[0598] This LC medium is characterized in FFS displays by its very good contrast and fast switching. It has an average elastic constant of 13.6 pN K. av It has a response time parameter γ1 / K1 of =(K1+1 / 2K1+K3) / 3 and 6.82 mPasec / pN. In addition, the LC medium has a high transparency point.

[0599] <Example 4>

[0600] [Table 62]

[0601] The LC medium further contains 30 ppm of the compound of formula ST2-1 as a stabilizer.

[0602] This LC medium is characterized in FFS displays by its excellent contrast and fast switching. It has an average elastic constant of 15.5 pN. av It has a response time parameter γ1 / K1 of =(K1+1 / 2K1+K3) / 3 and 4.97 mPa seconds / pN. In addition, the LC medium has a high transparency point of 106°C.

[0603] <Example 5>

[0604] [Table 63]

[0605] The LC medium further contains 30 ppm of the compound of formula ST2-1 as a stabilizer.

[0606] This LC medium is characterized in FFS displays by its very good contrast and fast switching. It has an average elastic constant of 15.15 pN. av It has a response time parameter γ1 / K1 of =(K1+1 / 2K1+K3) / 3 and 5.09 mPa seconds / pN. In addition, the LC medium has a high transparency point of 106°C.

[0607] <Example 6>

[0608] [Table 64]

[0609] The LC medium further contains 30 ppm of the compound of formula ST2-1 as a stabilizer.

[0610] This LC medium is characterized in FFS displays by its very good contrast and fast switching. It has an average elastic constant K of 15.7 pN. av It has a response time parameter γ1 / K1 of =(K1+1 / 2K1+K3) / 3 and 5.06 mPa seconds / pN. In addition, the LC medium has a high transparency point of 109°C.

[0611] <Example 7>

[0612] [Table 65]

[0613] The LC medium further contains 30 ppm of the compound of formula ST2-1 as a stabilizer.

[0614] This LC medium is characterized in FFS displays by its excellent contrast and fast switching. It has an average elastic constant of 16.3 pN. avIt has a response time parameter γ1 / K1 of =(K1+1 / 2K1+K3) / 3 and 5.46 mPa seconds / pN. In addition, the LC medium has a high transparency point of 113°C.

[0615] <Example 8>

[0616] [Table 66]

[0617] The LC medium further contains 30 ppm of the compound of formula ST2-1 as a stabilizer.

[0618] This LC medium is characterized in FFS displays by its very good contrast and fast switching. It has an average elastic constant K of 15.6 pN. av It has a response time parameter γ1 / K1 of =(K1+1 / 2K1+K3) / 3 and 4.92 mPa seconds / pN. In addition, the LC medium has a high transparency point of 106°C.

[0619] <Example 9>

[0620] [Table 67]

[0621] The LC medium further contains 30 ppm of the compound of formula ST2-1 as a stabilizer.

[0622] This LC medium is characterized in FFS displays by its very good contrast and fast switching. It has an average elastic constant K of 15.6 pN. av It has a response time parameter γ1 / K1 of =(K1+1 / 2K1+K3) / 3 and 4.83 mPa seconds / pN. In addition, the LC medium has a high transparency point of 105°C.

[0623] <Example 10>

[0624] [Table 68]

[0625] The LC medium further contains 30 ppm of the compound of formula ST2-1 as a stabilizer.

[0626] <Example 11>

[0627] [Table 69]

[0628] The LC medium further contains 30 ppm of the compound of formula ST2-1 as a stabilizer.

[0629] [ka]

[0630] <Example 12>

[0631] [Table 70]

[0632] The LC medium further contains 30 ppm of the compound of formula ST2-1 as a stabilizer.

[0633] In short, the LC media of Examples 1-12 have high transparency points, yet they also have low rotational viscosity γ1 and response time parameter γ1 / K1. They provide overall improved image quality, particularly high contrast and short response time. Therefore, they are highly suitable for mobile applications such as vehicle navigation systems and tablet devices.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal medium characterized by having positive dielectric anisotropy and containing one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds selected from formulas L1 and L2. 【Chemistry 1】 (In the formula, each base is identical or different in each instance and has the following meanings independently of each other: 【Chemistry 2】 This represents, R １ This refers to an alkyl or alkoxy group having an H atom and 1 to 12 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 C atoms (one or more CH groups in the said group). ２ The groups are formed so that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other, such as -C≡C- and -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, 【Transformation 3】 It may be substituted with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms or a cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy group having 3 to 12 C atoms, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms. Y ０ is an H atom or CH ３ And, X １ is an alkyl or alkoxy group having -CN, -SCN, a halogen atom, or 1 to 3 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 or 3 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms in the group are replaced by halogen atoms, and L １ ~L ４ are each independently H or F.) 【Chemistry 4】 (In the formula, each base is identical or different in each instance and has the following meanings independently of each other: R ０ This is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and the group contains one or more CH ２ The groups are formed so that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other, such as -C≡C- and -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, 【Transformation 5】 It may be substituted with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms. R ２ This is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, and one or more CH groups. ２ The groups are formed so that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other, such as -C≡C- and -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, 【Transformation 6】 It may be substituted with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms. Y １ and Y ２ is H, F, or Cl, Y ０ is H or CH ３ (That is the case.) 【Transformation 7】 (In the formula, each base is identical or different in each instance and has the following meanings independently of each other: R ０ This is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and the group contains one or more CH ２ The groups are formed so that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other, such as -C≡C- and -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, 【Transformation 8】 It may be substituted with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms. X ２ This is an alkyl or alkoxy group having an F atom or 1 to 6 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 6 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms in the group are replaced by F atoms. Y １ and Y ２ is H, F, or Cl, Y ０ is H or CH ３ (That is the case.)

2. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1, wherein one or more compounds of formula I are selected from those of formulas I-1 to I-8. 【Chemistry 9】 【Chemistry 10】 (In the formula, R １ This is an alkyl or alkoxy group having an H atom and 1 to 6 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 6 C atoms, and the group has one or more CH ２ The groups are formed so that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other, such as -C≡C- and -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, 【Chemistry 11】 It may be substituted with -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO-, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy groups having 3 to 6 C atoms, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms, Y ０ is an H atom or CH ３ and X １ (This refers to an alkyl or alkoxy group having a F atom or 1 to 3 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 or 3 C atoms, where one or more H atoms in the group are replaced by F atoms.)

3. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more compounds of formulas L1 and L2 are represented by formulas L1-1 and L2-1. 【Chemistry 12】 (In the formula, R ０ This is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and the group has one or more CH ２ The groups are formed so that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other, such as -C≡C- and -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, 【Chemistry 13】 It may be substituted with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms. R ２ This is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, and one or more CH groups. ２ The groups are formed so that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other, such as -C≡C- and -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, 【Chemistry 14】 It may be substituted with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms. X ２ This is an alkyl or alkoxy group having an F atom or 1 to 3 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 or 3 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms in the group are replaced by F atoms, and Y ０ is H or CH ３ (That is the case.)

4. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1, characterized by containing one or more compounds selected from the following formulas. 【Chemistry 15】 (In the formula, "alkyl" and "alkyl ＊ " is C １～６ - Represents alkyl, and "alkenyl" and "alkenyl" ＊ " is C ２～６ (—Represents Alkenil.)

5. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1, characterized by containing one or more compounds of formula XIV. 【Chemistry 16】 (In the formula, R １ and R ２ Each of these independently represents an n-alkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl, or alkenyl group having up to six carbon atoms. L １ (This has the meaning set forth in claim 1.)

6. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1, characterized by containing one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas. 【Chemistry 17】 (In the formula, each base is independent of the others and, in each instance, is either identical or different, having the following meanings.) [Chemistry 18] R ０ In claim 1, R １ It is one of the meanings that can be given to it. X ０ F, Cl, CN, SF ５ , SCN, NCS, halogenated alkyl group having up to 6 C atoms, halogenated alkenyl group, halogenated alkoxy group or halogenated alkenyloxy group, Y １～６ is H or F, Y ０ is H or CH ３ (That is the case.)

7. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 6, wherein one or more compounds of formula II are selected from the following sub-formulas. 【Chemistry 19】 【Chemistry 20】 (In the formula, R ０ and X ０ (This has the meaning given by equation II.)

8. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 6, wherein one or more compounds of formula III are selected from the following sub-formulas. 【Chemistry 21】 【Chemistry 22】 【Chemistry 23】 【Chemistry 24】 (In the formula, R ０ and X ０ (This has the meaning given by equation III.)

9. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1, characterized in that it further contains one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas. 【Chemistry 25】 (In the formula, R0 is an alkyl or alkoxy group having an H atom and 1 to 12 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 C atoms (in the group, one or more CH2 groups are arranged such that the O atoms are not directly linked to each other, such as -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, 【Chemistry 26】 It may be substituted with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms or a cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy group having 3 to 12 C atoms, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms. X0 is F, Cl, CN, SF5, SCN, NCS, a halogenated alkyl group having up to six carbon atoms, a halogenated alkenyl group, a halogenated alkoxy group, or a halogenated alkenyloxy group. Y1-4 are each independently H or F. Y5 is H or CH3, Z ０ is, -C ２ H ４ -, - (CH ２ ) ４ -, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -C ２ F ４ -Eno--CH ２ CF ２ -, -CF ２ CH ２ -ien-CH ２ O-, -OCH ２ -, -COO- or -OCF ２ - Also, in formulas V and VI, single bonds are also -CF, and in formulas V and VIII, -CF ２ It also represents O-, r represents 0 or 1, and s represents either 0 or 1.

10. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1, characterized by containing one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas. 【Chemistry 27】 【Chemistry 28】 (In the formula, R0 is an alkyl or alkoxy group having an H atom and 1 to 12 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 C atoms (in the group, one or more CH2 groups are arranged such that the O atoms are not directly linked to each other, such as -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, 【Chemistry 29】 It may be substituted with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms or a cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy group having 3 to 12 C atoms, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogen atoms. X0 is F, Cl, CN, SF5, SCN, NCS, a halogenated alkyl group having up to six carbon atoms, a halogenated alkenyl group, a halogenated alkoxy group, or a halogenated alkenyloxy group. Y1-4 are each independently H or F. Y5 is either H or CH3.

11. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1, characterized by containing one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas. 【Transformation 30】 【Chemistry 31】 (In the formula, R1 represents an n-alkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl, or alkenyl group having up to six carbon atoms. X0 is F, Cl, CN, SF5, SCN, NCS, a halogenated alkyl group having up to six carbon atoms, a halogenated alkenyl group, a halogenated alkoxy group, or a halogenated alkenyloxy group.

12. A liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by comprising one or more compounds of formulas I, L1 and L2, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Y, B, II, III, IV, VI, XIV, XX, XII, XXIII, XXIX, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXXI and XXXIII.

13. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains one or more polymerizable compounds.

14. A method for preparing a liquid crystal medium according to claim 1, characterized by mixing one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formula L1 and / or L2 with one or more mesogenic compounds and optionally one or more polymerizable compounds and / or one or more additives.

15. Use of the liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 for electro-optical purposes.

16. An electro-optical liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal medium described in claim 1.

17. The electro-optical liquid crystal display according to claim 16, characterized in that it is a TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-HB-FFS, PS-XB-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA, or positive PS-VA display.

18. The electro-optical liquid crystal display according to claim 16, characterized in that it is an FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-HB-FFS, PS-XB-FFS, IPS, or PS-IPS display.

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