Authentication certification system, authentication certification method, and program

Abstract

To provide an appraisal certification system and a method for certifying an appraisal which can prevent input of frauds or alterations of product information by using AI (Artificial Intelligence) for a trust anchor.SOLUTION: The appraisal certification system includes evaluation means which uses, as learning data, a dataset of reference verification information for evaluating product information of a product to appraise and a reference verification result showing the result of the appraisal of the product information acquired in advance, also uses the reference verification information as an input and uses the reference verification result of an output, and outputs the result of verification of the product information on the basis of newly acquired verification information by using an evaluation model generated by a machine learning.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an authentication and certification system and an authentication and certification method. [Background technology]

[0002] Products requiring authentication, such as bags, luggage, clothing, watches, arts and crafts, and automobiles, usually follow a complicated distribution route, such as being manufactured by manufacturers, manufacturers, and authors, and then being sold to consumers through distributors such as logistics companies, wholesalers, and retailers. During the manufacturing and distribution process, such products requiring authentication are required by consumers to be authenticated, that is, to prove that the product is genuine and not a counterfeit. In recent years, such products requiring authentication are very often sold to consumers via the Internet, and second-hand products of the above-mentioned products requiring authentication (including secondary distribution, tertiary distribution, and other n-th distribution (n is an integer of 4 or more)) are also sold to consumers via the Internet. Furthermore, since they are often sold between consumers, the need for more multifaceted authentication of these products requiring authentication is increasing.

[0003] Products requiring authentication are usually issued with a certificate (hereinafter referred to as a "guarantee card") to certify and guarantee that they are genuine. The guarantee card contains information about the product, such as the product name, product number, manufacturer / producer (author), place of manufacture, and date of manufacture (hereinafter referred to as "product information"). However, in recent years, it has become possible to obtain just the guarantee card via the Internet, etc. For this reason, authentication proof using a guarantee card is no longer considered to be fully reliable.

[0004] Conventionally, a method has been disclosed in which a medium such as a plastic card with an IC chip storing information is used as a certificate, and the authenticity of the certificate is determined by comparing the information printed on the surface of the certificate with the information read from the memory of the IC chip (see, for example, Patent Document 1). However, when the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 is applied to a product requiring authentication, even if the authenticity of the guarantee card itself can be confirmed because counterfeiting becomes difficult, the only thing that links the guarantee card to the product is the product number engraved on the product. For this reason, it is difficult to provide sufficient authentication proof.

[0005] Also disclosed is a technology that attaches an IC chip to a product requiring authentication, and allows the product information recorded on the IC chip to be read by a smartphone, a mobile phone, or the like (see, for example, Patent Document 2). However, when the technology disclosed in Patent Document 2 is applied to a product requiring authentication, if a password is not set when reading the above-mentioned product information, third parties other than distributors and consumers can also intercept the product information. As a result, third parties can intercept product information that consumers do not want to know, such as whether the product requiring authentication is genuine or not, whether the date of manufacture is recent or not. On the other hand, if a password is set, the password itself may become unknown as the product requiring authentication follows a complicated distribution route, and authentication certification may not be possible when necessary. In addition, the password itself may be hacked.

[0006] There is also disclosed a technology for authenticating a product by assigning a serial code to the product, reading the serial code with a serial code reader, and checking a product database (see, for example, Patent Document 3). However, when the technology disclosed in Patent Document 3 is applied to a product requiring authentication, the same problems as those of the technology disclosed in Patent Document 2 arise.

[0007] For this reason, a new method has been proposed in recent years to certify the authentication of an item by utilizing multi-sig authentication of two or more items: a product to be authenticated, which has a small-sized recording medium affixed or incorporated therein, and a guarantee card, which also has a small-sized recording medium affixed or incorporated therein (a microchip (IC chip), two-dimensional code, electronic watermark, etc. can be used as appropriate depending on the shape, structure, size, etc.) (see, for example, Patent Document 4).

[0008] According to the technology disclosed in Patent Document 4, a private key and a small recording medium on which product information on the product to be authenticated is recorded are attached to or embedded in the product to be authenticated and a guarantee card (microchip (IC chip), two-dimensional code, electronic watermark, etc., depending on the shape, structure, size, etc.). Then, the product information and transaction information at each distribution stage until the product to be authenticated is delivered to the consumer are recorded on the blockchain. The consumer reads the product information and transaction information from the blockchain using the private keys respectively assigned to the product to be authenticated and the guarantee card. This allows only the consumer to easily perform a highly reliable authentication proof. In addition, by sequentially writing product information on the blockchain by manufacturers, manufacturers, authors, etc., and by sequentially writing transaction information on the blockchain by logistics companies, wholesalers, retailers, etc., the product information and transaction information can be accurately recorded while complementing each other, and further, the product information and transaction information can be firmly prevented from being tampered with. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] JP 2001-357377 A [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2014 / 207890 [Patent Document 3] JP 2020-35197 A [Patent Document 4] Patent No. 6894033 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] On the other hand, when a trust anchor (the starting point for evaluating trustworthiness) verifies a product requiring authentication and grants verifiable credentials (VC), if a profit-making entity such as a company is involved in the trust anchor, there is a possibility that fraud or tampering may occur if a malicious person is present.

[0011] However, Patent Documents 1 to 4 have a problem in that they do not mention trust anchors in the recorded product information about products requiring authentication.

[0012] The present invention has been devised in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide an authentication and certification system and authentication and certification method that uses AI (Artificial Intelligence) as a trust anchor, making it possible to prevent unauthorized input or tampering of product information by anyone, such as a company's employees, shareholders, creditors, or other stakeholders. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] The authentication certification system according to the first invention is characterized in that it comprises an evaluation means that uses a data set consisting of previously acquired reference verification information for evaluating product information on a product to be authenticated and reference verification results indicating evaluation results for the reference verification information as learning data, and outputs a verification result for the verification information based on newly acquired verification information using an evaluation model generated by machine learning.

[0014] The authentication certification system according to the second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, the evaluation means uses two or more evaluation models generated by machine learning using different learning data, and outputs the verification results based on newly acquired verification information.

[0015] The authentication certification system according to a third aspect of the present invention is the system of the second aspect of the present invention, further outputting a second verification result for the verification information based on each of the output verification results.

[0016] The authentication certification system according to a fourth invention, in the first invention, further comprises a distributed file server that generates a hashed identifier that is individually assigned to the product to be authenticated based on the digital property data of the product to be authenticated, a dedicated platform that records NFT information of the product to be authenticated linked to the identifier on a blockchain and outputs a generated transaction hash or a two-dimensional code corresponding thereto, and a recording means that links first verification information held by each of multiple users related to the product to be authenticated to the NFT information and records it in the order in which the multiple users are involved, and is characterized in that, at the time of authentication certification, the first verification information linked to the NFT information corresponding to the transaction hash obtained from an authentication certifier or the two-dimensional code corresponding thereto is read out, and authentication certification of the product to be authenticated is performed by determining the consistency between the read out first verification information and first signature information held by the authentication certifier.

[0017] The appraisal certification system of the fifth invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, it further comprises an output means for causing a computer to output information indicating that insurance will be applied for the purchase or recall of the product to be appraised if there is an error in the verification result evaluated by the evaluation means.

[0018] The authentication and certification method of the sixth invention is characterized in that it uses a data set consisting of previously acquired reference verification information for evaluating product information on a product to be authenticated and a reference verification result indicating an evaluation result for the reference verification information as learning data, and executes an evaluation step in which a computer uses an evaluation model generated by machine learning with the reference verification information as input and the reference verification result as output, based on the newly acquired verification information, to output a verification result for the verification information. Effect of the Invention

[0019] According to the first to sixth aspects of the present invention, the authentication and certification system of the present invention uses an evaluation model to output a verification result for verification information based on newly acquired verification information. This enables the role of a trust anchor to be automatically performed by AI. This makes it possible to prevent unauthorized or tampered input of product information.

[0020] In particular, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the appraisal and certification system of the present invention uses two or more evaluation models, and outputs the respective verification results based on the newly acquired verification information. This makes it possible to perform an evaluation using, for example, a multi-AI using AIs developed by multiple different developers as a collegial body. This eliminates bias in the results due to training data, etc., and enables a more fair evaluation.

[0021] In particular, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the authentication and certification system of the present invention outputs a second verification result for the verification information based on each of the output verification results, thereby making it possible to output a second verification result that takes into account each of the verification results evaluated using a plurality of evaluation models.

[0022] In particular, according to the fourth invention, the authentication certification system of the present invention records NFT information linked to a unique identifier only for genuine products by multiple users such as manufacturers, producers, and copyright holders in the blockchain data. This allows the NFT information to be recorded accurately and also prevents the NFT information itself from being tampered with. Therefore, even when authenticating digital goods, highly reliable authentication can be performed.

[0023] In particular, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the appraisal certification system of the present invention applies insurance for the purchase or recall of the product requiring appraisal. This makes it possible to apply insurance even if there is an error in the appraisal result. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0024] [Figure 1]FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the system configuration of an authentication and certification system to which the present invention is applied. [Diagram 2] 2(a) and 2(b) are diagrams for explaining the processing operation of the digital property authentication certificate. [Diagram 3] Figure 3 is a flowchart showing the process of generating an NFT transaction hash and two-dimensional code from digital goods data. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a configuration required for analog property authentication certification. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of an analog property authentication certificate. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a diagram showing an example of blockchain data that records product information and transaction information that is recorded on a dedicated platform when performing analog property authentication certification. [Figure 7] 7(a) and 7(b) are diagrams for explaining the processing operation of a hybrid (analog-digital) authentication certificate. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is a flowchart of proof of ownership through a blockchain wallet. [Figure 9] 9(a) and 9(b) are diagrams showing an example of hybrid authentication proof based on a transaction hash or a two-dimensional code together with owner proof data (owner proof of the blockchain wallet). [Figure 10] 10(a) and 10(b) are diagrams showing an example of hybrid authentication certification that combines identifiers and analog property authentication certification. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is another diagram showing an example of hybrid authentication certification that combines identifiers and analog property authentication certification. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the flow of an authentication and certification method using a supply chain and traceability. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the flow of a modified example of the authentication and certification method using a supply chain and traceability. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the degree of association of the evaluation model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0025] Hereinafter, an example of an authentication certification system and an authentication certification method to which a first embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0026] FIG. 1 shows the system configuration of an authentication certification system 1 to which the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. The authentication certification system 1 is used by users (including people related to the authentication-required product 5, such as manufacturers, creators, and the like, as well as logistics companies, wholesalers, retailers, rental companies, reuse or resale companies, waste disposal companies, companies (SIers) that develop and operate the system for the authentication-required product 5, and public interest corporations (hereinafter collectively referred to as various companies, etc.), owners, and consumers). In the authentication certification system 1, terminals 2 and 72 operated by users (for example, various companies, etc.) and a distributed file server 3 operated by an administrator, etc. are connected via a public communication network 10 such as the Internet, constituting a dedicated platform 8 via this public communication network 10. Note that the users who operate the terminals 2 and 72 can be set arbitrarily depending on the purpose, but the following will be described as an example in which the terminal 2 is operated by various companies, etc., and the terminal 72 is operated by a consumer as necessary.

[0027] The terminal 2 is composed of electronic devices such as a personal computer (PC), but may be embodied in any other electronic devices such as a mobile phone, a smartphone, a tablet terminal, a wearable terminal, etc., other than a PC. Various businesses operate the terminal 2 to perform various operations to generate an identifier from the product 5 to be authenticated. The product 5 to be authenticated can be broadly classified into analog goods and digital goods. For example, analog goods include any products that require authentication certification, such as bags, satchels, clothing, watches, art and crafts, and automobiles. Digital goods include any digital content that requires authentication certification, such as digital images, digital sounds, digital music, and digital videos. Digital goods also include information that digitizes information about analog goods (e.g., product images, serial numbers, authentication certificates, etc.). The product 5 to be authenticated includes not only new products but also used products (secondary distribution, tertiary distribution, and other n-th distribution (n is an integer of 4 or more)). The product 5 to be authenticated may also be an electronic device such as a communication device with software built in.

[0028] Similarly, the terminal 72 is configured with an electronic device such as a PC, but may be embodied with any other electronic device such as a mobile phone, a smartphone, a tablet device, a wearable device, etc. The consumer operates the terminal 72 to attempt authentication proof for the product 5 to be authenticated.

[0029] The distributed file server 3 is a distributed file system intended to connect the terminals 2 to the same file system, and is configured with a so-called IPFS (Inter Planetary File System), but is not limited to this. The distributed file server 3 is provided with data by various businesses that access the public communication network 10 via the terminals 2, and consumers can request the data in a P2P (Peer to Peer) format. The distributed file server 3 is a place to store all digital content that requires authentication proof, such as digital images, digital voices, digital music, and digital videos of the product 5 to be authenticated, and at the same time as the storage, a multi-digit character string called an identifier is generated as described below. When identifying the identifier of the product 5 to be authenticated, if it is new, the image will be exactly the same, but since unique additional information such as a product management number is added along with the digital content, the identifier generates a unique character string.

[0030] In the case of second-hand goods, each digital good is individually characterized by its own scratches, scuffs, deformation, etc., so the identifier is generated as a unique string. Such characterized digital goods, which are unique to second-hand goods, are extremely important in providing authentication proof in the resale industry. For example, if a person who purchases a second-hand watch brings the replaced watch to the store where it was purchased and requests a return, if the NFT (Non-fungible token) corresponding to the digital good and information based on the identifier, which will be described later, are stored on the blockchain, they can be used as evidence when checking the difference between the watch sold to the customer and the watch brought in by the customer.

[0031] The dedicated platform 8 refers to a blockchain 8a. As the blockchain 8a, a blockchain having a P2P network such as a distributed ledger can be used. In addition to product information of the product 5 to be authenticated and transaction information at each distribution stage until the product 5 to be authenticated is delivered to the consumer, identifiers generated by hashing based on the digital property data of the product 5 to be authenticated and the like are recorded on the blockchain 8a.

[0032] In addition, the blockchain 8a referred to here may be any type of blockchain, such as a public blockchain, a private blockchain, a consortium blockchain, etc., in addition to a blockchain having a P2P network such as a distributed ledger.

[0033] Recording on the blockchain 8a also includes the concept of recording a state in which hash values ​​for proving specific data are linked together. Recording on the blockchain 8a also includes the concept of recording information in which various information such as hash values ​​is encrypted or digitally signed, and information recorded on the blockchain 8a may be recorded in a format according to the purpose, such as encryption technology or digital signature technology.

[0034] As described below, the authentication certification system 1 to which the present invention is applied can realize two types of authentication certification, broadly classified as digital property authentication certification and hybrid authentication certification.

[0035] Digital property authentication certificate First, the processing operation of digital property authentication certification will be explained. Authentication certification of digital property involves acquiring digital property data for the product 5 requiring authentication as shown in FIG. 2(a). This digital property data is acquired for the subject of authentication certification. This digital property data is digital image data consisting of digital property data captured by using a terminal 2 or a digital camera for the product 5 requiring authentication. This digital property data may be configured as digital property data obtained by a manufacturer, creator, author, etc. capturing an image via such a terminal 2, or may be data originally assigned to the product 5 requiring authentication or recorded on a storage medium linked to the product 5. This digital property data is any digital content requiring authentication certification, such as digital images, digital audio, digital music, digital video, etc., and may be assigned an extension such as jpg, png, gif, mp3, mov, etc.

[0036] The manufacturer, creator, author, etc. registers the digital property data of the product 5 to be authenticated thus obtained in the dedicated platform 8. As a result, the dedicated platform 8 acquires NFT information based on the NFT issued via the blockchain 8a referred to, and automatically generates a transaction hash and a two-dimensional code according to the NFT information. It becomes possible to determine whether the product 5 to be authenticated is a counterfeit or a genuine product through the transaction hash and two-dimensional code of the NFT information issued and generated in this way. Note that the NFT information may indicate a publicly known NFT itself, or may indicate information obtained by processing the NFT based on a publicly known technology such as encryption or digital signature. The NFT information may also include an identifier linked to the NFT.

[0037] As shown in FIG. 2(b), digital property data is recorded in a distributed file server and an identifier is issued, from which a unique two-dimensional code A can be generated. Also, a unique two-dimensional code B can be generated from a transaction hash obtained through the blockchain. Although the two-dimensional code A and the two-dimensional code B are different from each other, they can be used as one of the authentication elements of the authentication certification system 1. Although the two-dimensional code B is well known, the security of multisig authentication can be improved by adding the two-dimensional code A. Note that only the two-dimensional code A or only the two-dimensional code B may be used as an authentication element. Furthermore, the two-dimensional codes A and B may be used together as authentication elements to increase the strength of multisig authentication.

[0038] Figure 3 is a flowchart showing the process of issuing a transaction hash or a two-dimensional code of NFT information from such digital goods data. Note that Figure 3 shows an example in which an NFT is used as the NFT information.

[0039] First, in step S11, the manufacturer, producer, author, etc. obtains digital property data for the product 5 requiring authentication and registers it on the dedicated platform 8. The processing operation for registering this digital property data is performed by the manufacturer, producer, author, etc. by accessing the dedicated platform 8 via the terminal 2. In this case, the manufacturer, producer, author, etc. may access the dedicated platform 8 from within the terminal 2 and execute the various procedures by installing applications required for the procedures in advance.

[0040] Next, the process proceeds to step S12, where the dedicated platform 8 accepts registration of digital property data. The dedicated platform 8 may be configured as a so-called NFT marketplace or the like. When the dedicated platform 8 accepts registration of digital property data, it issues, for example, a registration number for the NFT marketplace to the digital property data each time. This registration number is issued each time registration of digital property data is accepted, and is therefore unique.

[0041] Next, the process proceeds to step S13, where the digital property data accepted for registration in step S12, the issued registration number, and information on the manufacturer, creator, etc. are collected in one folder or the like, and registered in the distributed file server 3. The details of the information on the manufacturer, creator, etc. include name, corporate information, pen name, pen name, etc., and the work information includes the name of the work, production year, publication year, etc., work specifications (size, format, technology used), copyright of the work, and rights information such as portrait right and design right included in the work. The method of collecting and registering the digital property data, registration number, information on the manufacturer, creator, etc. in one folder at the time of registration is one example, and any method may be used instead as long as the digital property data, registration number, and information on the manufacturer, creator, etc. (hereinafter collectively referred to as supplementary information) are registered in a linked state.

[0042] Next, the process proceeds to step S14, where a unique ID is issued for each of the registered additional information in the distributed file server 3. The ID issued for the digital goods data is called the first ID, the ID issued for the registration number is called the second IDa, and the ID issued for the information on the manufacturer, producer, author, etc. is called the second IDb.

[0043] For digital goods data, if the same digital goods data exists elsewhere, or if the digital goods data has been copied by another person, the same first ID may be issued. On the other hand, since the registration number is unique, the second IDa is unique. Although the information of the manufacturer, producer, author, etc., such as the company name, date of birth, name of the copyright holder, title of the work, etc., may not be unique depending on the content, it is possible to set up a unique ID for each, so that the second IDb can also be unique. For example, time information such as the date and time and seconds registered in the distributed file server 3 can be added, so that the accuracy of uniqueness can be increased. At least the digital goods data is recorded in the distributed file server 3 in step S14. Moreover, the distributed file server 3 is configured to prevent the digital goods data from being lost in multiple ways by adopting a distributed form. Also, such a configuration setting is possible.

[0044] Next, the process proceeds to step S15, where a unique identifier is generated based on the associated information linked to each other. This generated identifier is linked to the associated information, and can become an identifier held by the associated information. This identifier is generated based on the first ID, second IDa, and second IDb described above. Since the second IDa is unique, and the second IDb is also unique, even if the same digital property data (first ID) is the same or is a duplicate, the newly generated identifier is always unique. This hashed and generated identifier is called an identifier.

[0045] Incidentally, this identifier may be generated based on rules defined in the distributed file server 3 on the basis of the additional information placed in the folder.

[0046] Also, a two-dimensional code may be generated based on the generated identifier (step S23).

[0047] The process proceeds to step S16, where the dedicated platform 8 receives an identifier from the distributed file server 3. If a two-dimensional code is generated in step S23, the dedicated platform 8 receives the two-dimensional code from the distributed file server 3.

[0048] Next, proceeding to step S17, the dedicated platform 8 transmits an identifier based on the additional information to the blockchain 8a.

[0049] In step S18, the blockchain 8a records the NFT information issued based on the identifier transmitted from the dedicated platform 8 on the blockchain 8a. By recording the NFT information linked to the identifier on the blockchain 8a (for example, writing it to the blockchain data 8b), for example, it is possible to completely prevent the NFT information from being tampered with. That is, each block in the blockchain 8a includes a timestamp and a link (hash value) to the previous block, and the data in the block cannot be changed retroactively.

[0050] Next, the process proceeds to step S19, where a transaction hash and / or a two-dimensional code corresponding to the NFT information is generated. The generation of this transaction hash and / or the two-dimensional code may be performed simultaneously with recording to the blockchain 8a. The transaction hash here is indicated by a character string of about 64 digits in the case of, for example, Ethereum, etc., for identifying the NFT information. As an alternative to this transaction hash, a combination of a contract address and a token ID may be used. The contract address here refers to a unique address where a contract is deployed on a blockchain (such as Ethereum). The token ID refers to the NFT information identified by the contract address. The two-dimensional code is a code for identifying the transaction hash. The issued transaction hash and two-dimensional code are sent to a dedicated platform 8 (which may be, for example, a marketplace), and are received (step S20).

[0051] Furthermore, the blockchain 8a transmits this NFT information to various businesses, etc. as necessary (step S21). This transmitted NFT information may be substituted for the issued transaction hash or two-dimensional code. Various businesses, etc. receive this NFT information (step S22). Various businesses, etc. can receive such transaction hash or two-dimensional code via the terminal 2.

[0052] The authority to obtain digital property data and register it on the dedicated platform 8 is given only to various businesses, etc. For example, when the product 5 to be authenticated is a bag, suitcase, clothing, watch, art or craft, automobile, etc., the authority to register the digital property data on this dedicated platform 8 may be given only to various businesses, etc. or those authorized to act as sales agents for the product.

[0053] Various traders, etc., or consumers who purchase a new or used product 5 to be authenticated as a genuine product receive this transaction hash or two-dimensional code from various traders, etc., or a dedicated platform 8 (e.g., a marketplace) along with the product 5 to be authenticated. Various traders, etc., or consumers who receive the transaction hash or two-dimensional code can use the transaction hash or two-dimensional code to access the blockchain 8a of the dedicated platform 8 and read the NFT information of the product 5 to be authenticated recorded therein. This allows only the true various traders, etc., or true consumers who possess the transaction hash or two-dimensional code to easily perform a highly reliable authentication certification. For this reason, third parties who do not possess these transaction hashes or two-dimensional codes cannot perform such authentication certification itself.

[0054] In this way, in the digital property authentication certification, the unique NFT information derived from the unique identifier for only the authentic products 5 to be authenticated by various businesses, etc. is written sequentially to the blockchain data 8b of the dedicated platform 8. This allows the NFT information itself to be recorded accurately, and also makes it possible to completely prevent the NFT information itself from being tampered with. Therefore, various businesses, etc. of the products to be authenticated 5, or consumers who have purchased the products to be authenticated 5 that have been distributed through complex distribution routes or sold over the Internet can easily perform highly reliable authentication certification.

[0055] The digital property appraisal certificate is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. For example, in step S13, the case where the digital property data and the additional information are registered together to generate an identifier have been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and any information may be registered as long as it is linked to the digital property data. The information referred to here is any information or data related to the digital property data or generated in association with the digital property data, such as the above-mentioned registration number, manufacturer, creator, etc. The additional information may be composed of only one of the registration number and information on the manufacturer, manufacturer, creator, etc. In addition, the additional information may be composed of any information or data related to the digital property data or generated in association with the digital property data, instead of including any information on the registration number, manufacturer, creator, etc.

[0056] Hybrid Authentication Certificate Next, the processing operation of the hybrid authentication certification will be described. In the hybrid authentication certification, in addition to the digital property authentication certification described above, an analog property authentication certification is further combined to perform authentication of the product 5 requiring authentication with higher accuracy.

[0057] 4 is a schematic diagram showing a product 5 to be authenticated and a guarantee card 24 sold and distributed together with the product 5 in the case of analog property authentication certification. A small recording medium (a1) 51a on which information including a private key α1 and product information (product name, product number, manufacturer / manufacturer (author), manufacturing location, manufacturing date, etc.) is recorded is attached or incorporated in the product 5 to be authenticated, and a small recording medium (b) 52a on which information including a private key β1 and product information is recorded is attached or incorporated in the guarantee card 24. As the small recording medium (a1) 51a and the small recording medium (b) 52a, small recording media such as IC chips, two-dimensional codes, and electronic watermarks can be appropriately used depending on the shape, structure, size, etc. of the product 5 to be authenticated and the guarantee card 24.

[0058] The product information is information about the product 5 to be inspected, and includes, for example, the product name, product number, manufacturer / manufacturer (author), manufacturing location, and manufacturing date of the product 5 to be inspected. The product information may also include hardware information about the hardware of the product 5 to be inspected. The hardware information may be a hardware bill of materials (HBOM) or a parts list of the product 5 to be inspected. The product information may include software information about the software of the product 5 to be inspected. The software information may be a software bill of materials (SBOM) of the software of the product 5 to be inspected, and a software list. The software information may also be a software type indicating the type of each software of the product 12 to be inspected, a software version indicating the version of the software, or a software hash obtained by hashing information about the software. The software information may also be information about the update history of the software. The product information may also include origin information about the origin of the product 5 to be inspected or a part of the product 5 to be inspected, quality information about the quality of the product 5 to be inspected or a part of the product 5 to be inspected, and judgment information for judging a threat to the security of the product 5 to be inspected.

[0059] The country of origin information is information regarding the country of origin of the product to be inspected 5 or a part of the product to be inspected 5. The country of origin information may be, for example, information indicating the country of origin of each part of the product to be inspected 5. The country of origin information may be, for example, information indicating the country of origin where the product to be inspected 5 or a part of the product to be inspected 5 was produced.

[0060] The quality information is information on the quality of the product 5 to be inspected or the parts of the product 5 to be inspected. The quality information may be, for example, information indicating the presence or absence of scratches on the product 5 to be inspected or the parts of the product 5 to be inspected. The quality information may also be information indicating the number of years of use of the product 5 to be inspected or the parts of the product 5 to be inspected. The quality information may be information indicating the specifications and operating specifications of the product 5 to be inspected or the parts of the product 5 to be inspected. The quality information may be information indicating the environmental standards, conformity to environmental standards, or CO2 emissions of the product 5 to be inspected or the parts of the product 5 to be inspected. The quality information may be information on the security of the product 5 to be inspected. The security information is, for example, information on the state of the security vulnerability of the product 5 to be inspected. The state of the security vulnerability is, for example, a state of matching information on the model number of an IC chip or the like built into the product 5 to be inspected, the OSS, basic OS, and version of the software of the product 5 to be inspected, and vulnerability information indicating the IC chip or software in which a vulnerability has been pointed out. The state of the security vulnerability may also be the presence or absence of security vulnerabilities and threats based on the above-mentioned matching. The vulnerability information may be information recorded in, for example, Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE), National Vulnerability Database (NVD), Japan Vulnerability Notes (JVN), etc. The determination information is information for determining or identifying the presence or absence of a security threat in the appraisal requiring product 5, and may be, for example, vulnerability information or information on the state of the security vulnerability of the appraisal requiring product 5.

[0061] Here, the "private key" refers to information for realizing authentication and certification of the product to be authenticated 5, and for example, the integrity of the "private key" itself may be judged at the time of authentication and certification. The "private key" refers to information that cannot be known by anyone other than a specific user, and may be recorded, for example, in the above-mentioned "small recording medium," or may be recorded in a configuration used in the authentication and certification system 1, such as the terminal 72 or the dedicated platform 8.

[0062] Also, for example, a "public key" may be generated as a pair with a "private key". In this case, a known encryption technique or electronic signature technique can be implemented using the "private key" and the "public key". Also, during the appraisal and certification, whether or not the "public key" is generated as a pair with the "private key" may be regarded as consistency and judged. The "public key" may be recorded, for example, in the above-mentioned "small recording medium", or may be arbitrarily recorded in a configuration used in the appraisal and certification system 1, such as the dedicated platform 8, depending on the application. The "private key" and the "public key" may be generated using a known technique, and may be arbitrarily generated in a configuration used in the appraisal and certification system 1, such as the dedicated platform 8 or the distributed file server 3, depending on the application.

[0063] The product information on the small recording medium (a1) 51a of the product to be authenticated 5 and the small recording medium (b) 52a of the guarantee card 24 is input by various businesses etc. when the product to be authenticated 5 is shipped.

[0064] 5 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of analog property authentication. In performing analog property authentication, in addition to the above-mentioned components necessary for digital property authentication, a dedicated platform 8 that records product information of the product 5 to be authenticated and transaction information at each distribution stage until the product 5 to be authenticated is delivered to the consumer as blockchain data 8b of a blockchain 8a, a terminal 2a connected to the dedicated platform 8 via a public communication network 10 by an application [A] 9, and a terminal 2b connected to the dedicated platform 8 via a public communication network 10 by an application [B] 11.

[0065] Various vendors etc. use application [A] 9 to write product information and transaction information into the blockchain data 8b of the dedicated platform 8.

[0066] Using the application [B] 11, the consumer can use the private key α1 assigned to the product 5 to be authenticated and the private key β1 assigned to the guarantee card 24 to read the product information and transaction information of the product 5 to be authenticated that have been written to the blockchain data 8b of the dedicated platform 8, thereby enabling the consumer to easily obtain a reliable authentication certificate.

[0067] Application [A] 9 is downloaded to terminal 2a and runs, and various traders can use it to write product information and transaction information to the blockchain data 8b of the dedicated platform 8. Application [B] 11 is downloaded to terminal 2b and runs, and consumers can read the product information and transaction information of the product 5 requiring authentication that has been written to the blockchain data 8b of the dedicated platform 8. For example, application [A] 9 may have the same functions as application [B] 11, and application [B] 11 may have the same functions as application [A] 9.

[0068] The private key α1 and information including product information recorded on the small recording medium (a1) 51a of the product to be authenticated 5, and the private key β1 and information including product information recorded on the small recording medium (b) 52a of the guarantee card 24 can be read via wireless communication by bringing a reader 25 connected to the terminal 2a or a terminal 2b configured as a smartphone into close proximity. In this case, it can also be done contactlessly by short-distance wireless communication such as NFC (Near Field Communication) or RFID (Radio Frequency IDenticifier).

[0069] FIG. 6 shows an example of blockchain data 8b in which various businesses etc. record product information and transaction information on a dedicated platform 8 regarding a product 5 requiring authentication when conducting analog property authentication certification.

[0070] After the product 5 to be authenticated is manufactured by a manufacturer, creator, author, etc., it is shipped together with a guarantee card 24. At the time of shipping, the person in charge at the manufacturer, creator, etc. first uses application [A] 9 to write information including the following product information and 5W1H information (who, when, where, what, why, how), such as the product name, product number, manufacturer, manufacturing location, and manufacturing date, into the blockchain data 8b of the dedicated platform 8.

[0071] Next, the responsible person such as the manufacturer, producer, author, etc. uses application [A] 9 to write the product information recorded by the person in charge of the manufacturer, producer, author, etc., including the inspection results and 5W1H information, into the blockchain data 8b of the dedicated platform 8.

[0072] Next, after the product 5 to be authenticated is shipped from the manufacturer, producer, author, etc., the logistics company uses application [A] 9 to write information including the date and time of receiving the product from the manufacturer, producer, author, etc., the date and time of delivery to the wholesaler, and the 5W1H information, into the blockchain data 8b of the dedicated platform 8.

[0073] After the product 5 requiring authentication is received from the logistics company, the wholesaler uses application [A] 9 to write information including, for example, the date and time when the product was delivered by the logistics company, the date and time when the logistics company transported the product to the retailer, and 5W1H information, into the blockchain data 8b of the dedicated platform 8.

[0074] In this way, product information and transaction information from various vendors, etc. is sequentially written into the blockchain data 8b of the dedicated platform 8.

[0075] The authority to write product information and transaction information in the block chain data 8b is given only to each of the various traders, etc. related to this information. For example, each of the various traders, etc. may be given only the authority to write product information.

[0076] In this way, various businesses etc. sequentially write down the product information and transaction information of the product 5 to be inspected, so that the product information and transaction information of the product 5 to be inspected can be accurately recorded even if the product 5 to be inspected is distributed through complex distribution routes or sold over the Internet.

[0077] Furthermore, it is possible to completely prevent the product information and transaction information from being tampered with by writing the product information and transaction information into the blockchain data 8b of the dedicated platform 8. That is, each block in the blockchain data 8b contains a timestamp and a link (hash value) to the previous block, and the data in the block cannot be changed retroactively.

[0078] A consumer who purchases a new or used product 5 to be authenticated can use the private key α1 attached to the product 5 to be authenticated and the private key β1 attached to the guarantee card 24, using the terminal 2b, and the application [B] 11 to read the product information and transaction information of the product 5 to be authenticated that have been written in the blockchain data 8b of the dedicated platform 8. This allows only the genuine consumer who owns the product 5 to be authenticated and the guarantee card 24 to easily provide a highly reliable authentication proof.

[0079] Similarly, in such analog goods authentication certification, a consumer who purchases a product 5 requiring authentication that is distributed through a complex distribution route or sold over the Internet can easily obtain a highly reliable authentication certification. In this analog goods authentication certification, various businesses etc. sequentially write the product information and transaction information of the product 5 requiring authentication to the blockchain data 8b of the dedicated platform 8. This allows the product information and transaction information to be recorded accurately, and also completely prevents the product information and transaction information from being tampered with. This further increases the reliability of the authentication certification.

[0080] In analog goods authentication certification, only the true consumer who owns the product to be authenticated 5 and the guarantee card 24 can perform authentication certification by reading the product information and transaction information of the product to be authenticated 5 written in the blockchain data 8b of the dedicated platform 8 using the private key α1 given to the product to be authenticated 5 and the private key β1 given to the guarantee card 24. For this reason, a third party who does not own the product to be authenticated 5 or the guarantee card 24 cannot perform such authentication certification itself.

[0081] In addition, when performing the analog property authentication certification, the product to be authenticated 5 is provided with the small recording medium (a1) and the small recording medium (a2) to the private key α n A small recording medium (a n In this way, not only the private key α1 and the private key β1, but also the private keys α2 to α n At least two of all private keys (e.g., private key α1 and private keys β1, α2 to α n Multi-sig authentication can be adopted in which authentication proof is established when at least one of the n small recording media (a1) to (a n ) to each part of the product 5 to be authenticated, it is possible to detect even if some of the parts have been replaced with counterfeits. For example, if the product 5 to be authenticated is an automobile, it is possible to certify the authentication of all parts by attaching or incorporating a small recording medium to the body and each tire.

[0082] In addition, in the authentication certification system 1, preferably, the small recording media (a1) to (a n At least one of the small recording medium (b) and the small recording medium (c) may be provided with a GPS function. This makes it possible to easily detect the location of each part of the product to be inspected 5 or the guarantee card 24 even if they are lost or stolen.

[0083] When performing hybrid authentication certification by combining such analog property authentication certification with the above-mentioned digital property authentication certification, three items are prepared: the product to be authenticated 5 and guarantee card 24 required for analog property authentication certification, as well as the transaction hash or two-dimensional code required for digital property authentication certification, as shown in Figure 7(a).

[0084] Then, using the terminal 72, the private key α1 assigned to the product 5 to be authenticated and the private key β1 assigned to the guarantee card 24 are used to read out the product information and transaction information of the product 5 to be authenticated, which are recorded in the block chain 8a of the dedicated platform 8. At the same time, the application installed in the terminal 72 is accessed using the transaction hash or the two-dimensional code, and authentication proof is performed. In addition to being able to determine the consistency of the transaction hash or the two-dimensional code on the application side, it is also possible to determine whether the read product information and transaction information of the product 5 to be authenticated are both correct. Only when it is determined that both of these determination results are correct can it be determined that the product 5 to be authenticated is genuine.

[0085] Even if the private key α1 given to the product to be authenticated 5 used in the analog property authentication certification and the private key β1 given to the guarantee card 24 are counterfeited or illegally copied, this hybrid authentication certification cannot be overlooked unless authentication is provided through the transaction hash or two-dimensional code used in this digital property authentication certification. In other words, this hybrid authentication certification can provide a more reliable authentication certification system 1 by interweaving digital property authentication certification in addition to analog property authentication certification.

[0086] Note that, as shown in Fig. 7(a), the present invention has been described taking as an example a case in which three items, a transaction hash or a two-dimensional code, in addition to the product to be authenticated 5 and the guarantee card 24, are prepared, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in Fig. 7(b), a hybrid authentication proof can be similarly performed by preparing a combination of only two items, a transaction hash or a two-dimensional code, in addition to the product to be authenticated 5 or the guarantee card 24.

[0087] That is, in analog property authentication certification, the private key α1 assigned to the product 5 to be authenticated or the private key β1 assigned to the guarantee card 24 is used to read out the product information and transaction information of the product 5 to be authenticated, which are recorded in the blockchain 8a of the dedicated platform 8. In addition, the transaction hash or the two-dimensional code can be used to determine the consistency via an application installed on the terminal 72. Only when both of these determination results are determined to be correct can the product 5 to be authenticated be determined to be genuine.

[0088] Also, as an alternative to the above-mentioned analog property authentication proof, the owner proof may be performed through a blockchain wallet for storing tokens such as Ethereum, which will be described below. The owner proof of the blockchain wallet described below is an example, and may be, for example, DID (Decentralized Identity), "SSI (Self-Sovereign Identity)", or other "DIW (Digital Identity Wallet)". In addition, for example, "gBizID" or "My Number (Personal Number)" certified by governments and public institutions as "Verifiable Credentials (VC)" in Japan may be used as an alternative, and it is of course possible to use any other owner proof means without being limited to these.

[0089] As an alternative to the above-mentioned guarantee card 24, a microchip (IC chip), a two-dimensional code, an electronic watermark, etc. may be used as appropriate depending on the shape, structure, size, etc.

[0090] Figure 8 shows a flowchart of proof of ownership through a blockchain wallet.

[0091] In step S31, the owner 41 first requests a one-time token from the backend 42. The owner 41 here is, for example, the owner of a blockchain wallet that can be used as an extension of a web browser or a smartphone app, and is shown as an example of the user mentioned above. The owner 41 sends and receives information through a frontend, and this frontend refers to an element that directly exchanges data with the owner 41, and in web production, it refers to the web browser side (client side). The backend 42 refers to server-side processing, and generally refers to mechanisms, functions, and components such as servers, databases, functions, and programs and modules that handle processing that are not visible to the owner 41.

[0092] Next, the process proceeds to step S32, where the backend 42 returns the one-time token to the owner 41. The validity period of this one-time token may be, for example, from a few seconds to a few minutes.

[0093] Next, the process moves to step S33, where the owner 41 issues a signature creation request to the blockchain wallet 43. This blockchain wallet 43 is, for example, a program that handles crypto assets. In this blockchain wallet 43, the address and its private key are not stored on an external server, and remittance processing and the like may all be performed on the browser.

[0094] Next, the process proceeds to step S34, where the signature is returned from the blockchain wallet 43 to the owner 41.

[0095] Next, the process proceeds to step S35, where the owner 41 sends the message, the one-time token, the signature data, and the blockchain wallet address to the backend 42. That is, before signing, the owner 41 requests a one-time token for owner authentication from the backend 42, which is used for signing. When sending the signature data to the backend 42, the owner 41 also sends the one-time token described above. The backend 42 verifies the signature data and the one-time token.

[0096] The backend 42 converts the signed message into hash data according to the standard. Then, the hash message and the signature data are sent to the smart contract 44 (step S36). The smart contract 44 here is a mechanism for automatically executing a contract on the blockchain 8a, and runs on the server of the blockchain 8a.

[0097] Next, the process proceeds to step S37, where the verification address is returned from the smart contract 44 to the backend 42. The backend 42 checks the verification address. In this case, the backend 42 checks the consistency between the blockchain wallet address and the verification blockchain wallet address.

[0098] Next, the process proceeds to step S38, where the backend 42 transmits the blockchain wallet owner proof to the owner 41. When the owner 41 wishes to perform owner proof for the product 5 requiring authentication, this can be realized by reading out the owner proof data (blockchain wallet owner proof) recorded in the smart contract (blockchain 8a) in this manner.

[0099] Therefore, as an alternative to the analog property authentication proof described above, it is possible to read out the owner certification data (blockchain wallet owner certification) recorded in the blockchain 8a in this manner, and perform hybrid authentication proof based on the transaction hash or two-dimensional code issued from the dedicated platform 8, as shown in Figure 9(a).

[0100] In addition, when using such a blockchain wallet owner proof, it may be further combined with analog goods authentication proof as shown in Fig. 9(b). In such a case, the private key α1 given to the product to be authenticated 5 in the analog goods authentication proof and the private key β1 given to the guarantee card 24 may be used, or the private key α1 or the private key β1 may be used. It becomes possible to perform hybrid authentication proof based on the private key α1 and / or the private key β1 in addition to the owner proof data (blockchain wallet owner proof), the transaction hash, or the two-dimensional code.

[0101] Furthermore, according to the present invention, authentication proof via NFT is not essential, and authentication proof may be performed via an identifier as shown in Fig. 10. Since the identifier itself is unique, authentication proof can be performed via this.

[0102] The consumer or manufacturer / producer / author, etc., obtains the identifier from the dedicated platform 8. At this time, in addition to the identifier, if a two-dimensional code corresponding to the identifier has been generated in step S23, the consumer or manufacturer / producer / author, etc., may obtain the two-dimensional code.

[0103] When authenticating, in addition to the acquired identifier or a two-dimensional code corresponding to that identifier, a private key α1 assigned to the product to be authenticated 5 as shown in FIG. 10(a), or a private key α1 and a private key β1 assigned to the guarantee card 24 as shown in FIG. 10(b) are prepared.

[0104] Then, using the terminal 2, the private key α1, or the private key α1 and the private key β1, the product information and transaction information of the product 5 to be inspected, which are recorded in the blockchain 8a, are read out via the dedicated platform 8. At the same time, the identifier or a two-dimensional code corresponding to the identifier is used to access the dedicated platform 8 or the distributed file server 3, and the identifier of the product 5 to be inspected recorded therein is read out. Only when it is determined that the product information, transaction information, and identifier of the product 5 to be inspected that have been read out are correct, can the product 5 to be inspected be determined to be genuine. Note that the criteria for determining that the product is genuine may be, for example, at least one of the product information, transaction information, and identifier of the product 5 to be inspected be correct, and can be set arbitrarily according to the application.

[0105] In the example of Figure 10, a hybrid authentication proof may be performed by further combining owner proof data (blockchain wallet owner proof).

[0106] For example, in the case of digital goods, hybrid authentication proof may be performed using the acquired identifier or a two-dimensional code corresponding to that identifier, as well as the private key β1 attached to the guarantee card 24, as shown in Fig. 11. Since the product 5 to be authenticated is not embodied as an item and the small recording medium a itself cannot be attached, hybrid authentication proof is performed by omitting the private key α1 and using only the private key β1. In the example of Fig. 11, hybrid authentication proof may be performed by further combining owner certification data (blockchain wallet owner certification).

[0107] Authentication by counting up The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may further incorporate authentication certification by counting up.

[0108] In the case of the authentication proof by this count-up, the time of the authentication proof is recorded on the blockchain 8a in sequence each time the authentication proof is performed. For example, if the authentication proof is performed at 10:15 on August 19th, the time of 10:15 on August 19th is recorded on the blockchain 8a, if the authentication proof is performed next at 21:54 on September 23rd, the time of 21:54 on September 23rd is recorded on the blockchain 8a, and if the authentication proof is performed next at 13:34 on November 4th, the time of 13:34 on November 4th is recorded on the blockchain 8a. As a result, the time points at which the authentication proof is recorded are sequentially accumulated on the blockchain 8a.

[0109] The authentication certification by counting up is based on the time recorded in the blockchain 8a. For example, if multiple authentication certifications are recorded in the blockchain 8a at the same time, it is clear that one of the products 5 to be authenticated is genuine and the other is a fake. In such a case, a notification to that effect may be sent.

[0110] In addition, if the time difference between the authentication certificates is several tens of seconds, several minutes to several tens of minutes, or even several hours, it may be suspicious because it is rare for the same item to be authenticated frequently. In such cases, a notification to that effect may also be sent.

[0111] In this way, the authenticity is judged based on the time of the authentication certification sequentially recorded in the blockchain 8a. At this time, a threshold may be set for the interval between the times recorded in the blockchain 8a, and authentication certification may be performed based on whether or not the interval is less than the threshold.

[0112] In addition to the time of the authentication, location information regarding the location where the authentication was performed may be linked and recorded in the blockchain 8a. For example, if the location where the authentication was performed is "Marunouchi, Tokyo" in addition to the time of August 19th 10:15, the time of August 19th 10:15 and the location information "Marunouchi, Tokyo" are recorded in the blockchain 8a. If the next time the authentication was performed is December 21st 14:09 and the location where the authentication was performed is "Address XX in Paris," the time of December 21st 14:09 and the location information "Address XX in Paris" are recorded in the blockchain 8a. As a result, the time when the authentication was recorded and the location information are sequentially accumulated on the blockchain 8a.

[0113] In this case, in the blockchain 8a, if the location information at the time of the first authentication is recorded as Tokyo and the location information at the time of the subsequent authentication is recorded as Paris, and the time interval between these times is only two hours, it is clear that one of the products to be authenticated 5 is genuine and the other is a fake, since it is impossible to fly from Tokyo to Paris in two hours. In such a case, a notification to that effect may be sent to the registered email address, or an alert pop-up may be displayed via an application implemented in the terminal 2, or a red display indicating a warning may be displayed on the screen.

[0114] In this way, the authenticity is judged based on the time and location information of the authentication certification recorded sequentially in the blockchain 8a. In this case, when a threshold is set for the interval of the time recorded in the blockchain 8a and the judgment is made, the threshold may be set in relation to the location information.

[0115] In addition, this judgment of authenticity may be based on whether or not the authentication was performed within a specified time period over a distance that cannot be traveled, or may be based on whether or not a specified number of authentications were performed in one day, or whether the total number of authentications exceeded a specified number, regardless of the location information. That is, the authenticity is judged based on the number of authentications in a specified period. The authenticity is determined based on whether or not the number of authentications in a specified period exceeds a threshold. If the number of authentications in a specified period exceeds the threshold, it is unnatural for so many authentications to be performed in such a short period of time, so the authenticity may be judged to be suspicious and an alert may be issued.

[0116] Furthermore, if the product to be authenticated 5 is a cosmetic product or the like, and an IC chip-containing seal for detecting tampering is attached to the product, the IC chip-containing seal for detecting tampering will be broken upon use. For this reason, it is impossible for authentication certification to be performed multiple times, and if authentication certification were performed multiple times, it would clearly prove that counterfeit products are in circulation. In such cases, it would be beneficial to determine the authenticity of the product based on the number of authentication certifications performed within a specified period of time.

[0117] Table 1 shows an example of the time and location information of authentication certifications recorded sequentially in the blockchain 8a. The number of times the authentication result has been displayed indicates the number of times authentication certifications have been performed. The time is displayed via date and time. Location information is displayed at the country, prefecture, city, town, or village level, but is not limited to this.

[0118] [Table 1] Incidentally, the acquisition of location information is implemented, for example, in the terminal 2 and / or the terminal 72 that is about to perform the authentication certification.

[0119] The current location information may be obtained via an application, or the information may be obtained by reverse tracing the accessed IP address.

[0120] Supply Chain and Authentication using traceability Below, we will explain the authentication and certification method using the supply chain and traceability.

[0121] 12 shows a flow of an authentication certification method using a supply chain and traceability. In the authentication certification method, a plurality of users related to the product 5 requiring authentication possess first verification information. The first verification information includes at least one of the above-mentioned blockchain wallet address, a public key used when generating the blockchain wallet address, a private key used when generating the blockchain wallet address, a DID, an SSI, a DIW, or a VC (e.g., a G Biz ID or a My Number).

[0122] For example, when the DID is used as the first verification information, the information to be used can be set for each user. This makes it possible to suppress the use of unnecessary information. In addition to the above, for example, the G Biz ID or My Number can be positioned as information with higher reliability than the DID. Therefore, by using the G Biz ID, My Number, or DIW as the first verification information, it is possible to improve the reliability of the appraisal and certification method.

[0123] During authentication and certification, the first verification information held by the user as the authentication certifier is regarded as first signature information and is used to determine consistency with the first verification information recorded in the blockchain 8a, etc. In the authentication and certification method, the determination of consistency can be realized by carrying out the processes of "signature" and "signature verification" in electronic signature technology, for example.

[0124] The following describes a case where a blockchain wallet address is used as the first verification information and the first signature information. Note that the same applies to the case where at least one of DID, SSI, DIW, and VC (e.g., G Biz ID or My Number) is used as the first verification information and the first signature information, so the description is omitted.

[0125] The premise for starting this flow is that the above-mentioned blockchain wallet address has been given in advance to each user, such as the manufacturer, creator, logistics company, and consumer. This blockchain wallet address may be assigned by the operator of this system. The private key and public key linked to this blockchain wallet address may be distributed to users, such as the manufacturer, creator, logistics company, and consumer, who hold the blockchain wallet address, or may be recorded in a configuration used in the authentication certification system 1, such as the above-mentioned dedicated platform 8, or may be included in a small recording medium (e.g., a two-dimensional code) or part of the NFT information, and may be set arbitrarily depending on the purpose. In addition, each entity, such as the manufacturer, creator, logistics company, and consumer, may independently obtain a blockchain wallet address.

[0126] First, in step S41, digital property data is acquired for the product 5 to be authenticated. This digital property data acquisition is performed for the subject of authentication certification. As described above, this digital property data may be configured as digital property data obtained by a manufacturer, producer, author, etc. by imaging the product 2 via such a terminal 2, or may be data originally assigned to the product 5 to be authenticated or recorded in a storage medium linked to the product 5 to be authenticated. This digital property data is any digital content that requires authentication certification, such as digital images, digital audio, digital music, digital video, etc., and is assigned an extension such as jpg, png, gif, mp3, mov, etc. At this time, the above-mentioned supplementary information and any product information related to the product 5 to be authenticated may also be acquired together with this digital property data. In such a case, a file in CSV format containing such digital property data, registration number, supplementary information, product information, etc. may be acquired.

[0127] Next, proceed to step S42, where such digital goods data, auxiliary information, product information, etc. are registered on the dedicated platform 8, and similarly to the above, NFT information is obtained and a transaction hash corresponding to the NFT information is automatically generated. This transaction hash may be embodied as data such as an ID (also called TxID), or may be embodied as a blockchain address.

[0128] Then, a first hash is newly generated by further hashing based on this transaction hash. Note that instead of generating the first hash based on the transaction hash, the transaction hash itself may be used as the first hash.

[0129] The issued NFT information is of course linked to the transaction hash, but the NFT information is also linked to the first hash generated from the transaction hash. This NFT information is recorded on the blockchain 8a.

[0130] Next, proceed to step S43, and similarly to the analog property authentication certificate described above, read information including the private key α1, product information, and transaction information recorded on the small recording medium (a1) 51a of the product 5 to be authenticated, and / or information including the private key β1, product information, and transaction information recorded on the small recording medium (b) 52a of the guarantee card 24. Then, obtain a second hash generated when recording the read information in the blockchain 8a.

[0131] The guarantee card 24 includes not only a physical guarantee card that is actually embodied as a card-like article, but also a logical guarantee card that is not embodied as an article but is instead digital information.

[0132] Next, the process proceeds to step S44, where a third hash is newly generated based on the obtained first hash and second hash. The third hash may be generated by multiplying or adding the first hash and the second hash, and using this as the third hash, or by any other known method. The obtained third hash is recorded on the blockchain 8a. At this time, the third hash may be recorded by linking it to the above-mentioned NFT information or a transaction hash corresponding to the NFT information and a two-dimensional code.

[0133] The pre-processing of steps S41 to S44 above may be performed in advance by the operating company, or may be performed by other related parties (manufacturers, manufacturers, copyright holders, logistics companies, consumers, etc.). The process of distribution of the product 5 to be authenticated from the manufacturers, manufacturers, and copyright holders to the logistics companies and consumers begins from step S45 described below.

[0134] In the present invention, the blockchain wallet address may be assigned by Web 2.0, which can be said to be a so-called centralized type, but is not limited to this. For example, it may be embodied by Web 3.0, in which all of an individual's digital assets are stored in a blockchain wallet without the need to input personal information (gender, nationality, race, age, etc.), and no one can erase it. In other words, Web 3.0 may be applied to a so-called decentralized type that does not rely on centralization.

[0135] In step S45, the product 5 to be authenticated, which was created by the manufacturer / producer / author, is first transferred to the logistics company. That is, in this step S45, the ownership of the product 5 to be authenticated is transferred from the manufacturer / producer / author to the logistics company. At this time, the small recording medium (a1) and small recording medium (b) accompanying the product 5 to be authenticated are also transferred in the same way. The ownership of the NFT information of the product 5 to be authenticated is also transferred in the same way.

[0136] Each time a transfer is made, the blockchain wallet address of the transferee's owner is recorded in association with the NFT information. Before the transfer, the blockchain wallet address of the manufacturer, producer, and author was recorded in association with the NFT information, but when the information is transferred, the blockchain wallet address of the logistics company is recorded in association with the NFT information. In such a case, various businesses may record the blockchain wallet address at the time of the transfer in the blockchain 8a of the dedicated platform 8 using application [A] or the like.

[0137] That is, in step S45, for example, using application [A] 9 as a recording means, the first verification information (here, the blockchain wallet address) held by each of the multiple users related to the product to be authenticated 5 can be linked to the NFT information and recorded in the order in which the multiple users are involved. Note that in step S45, for example, the terminal 2, 72 held by the user or the dedicated platform 8 may be used as the recording means instead of the application [A] 9. Furthermore, the destination where the recording means records various information such as the first verification information may be, in addition to the blockchain 8a, for example, the distributed file server 3 or other databases.

[0138] Also, in step S45, the logistics company receives this transaction hash or two-dimensional code from various businesses or the dedicated platform 8 (e.g., a marketplace) along with the product to be authenticated 5. The logistics company that receives the transaction hash or two-dimensional code can use the transaction hash or two-dimensional code to access the blockchain 8a of the dedicated platform 8 and read the NFT information of the product to be authenticated 5 recorded therein.

[0139] The process proceeds to step S46, where the product to be authenticated 5 is transferred from the logistics company to the consumer. At this time, the small recording medium (a1) and the small recording medium (b) accompanying the product to be authenticated 5 are also transferred in the same manner. In addition, the owner of the NFT information of the product to be authenticated 5 is also transferred in the same manner.

[0140] Each time a transfer occurs, the blockchain wallet address of the recipient owner is linked to the NFT information and recorded, so the new owner's blockchain wallet address is linked to the NFT information and recorded.

[0141] Also, in step S46, the consumer receives this transaction hash or two-dimensional code from various businesses or the dedicated platform 8 (e.g., a marketplace) along with the product to be authenticated 5. The consumer who receives the transaction hash or two-dimensional code can use the transaction hash or two-dimensional code to access the blockchain 8a of the dedicated platform 8 and read the NFT information of the product to be authenticated 5 recorded therein.

[0142] Such a consumer can attempt to certify the authentication of the product 5 to be authenticated via the dedicated platform 8. Step S47 will be described below as an example of the operation during authentication, and a user such as a consumer who attempts this authentication is called an authentication certifier.

[0143] In step S47, the authentication certifier first performs writing to the log by accessing the dedicated platform 8 and, ultimately, the blockchain 8a. This writing to the log can be realized from the user interface of the application, and for example, personal information such as the authentication certifier's name and date of birth, and any other information, is entered by following the guidance on the user interface. Even without guidance on the user interface, any information input by the authentication certifier, or any character string that has no meaning as information, may be considered as writing to the log.

[0144] In this case, if the authentication certifier is assigned a private key when the blockchain wallet address is assigned, the authentication certifier may access the log via the private key. Of course, the authentication certifier may generate the blockchain address by itself and use it. At the stage of signing through the private key, the blockchain wallet address can be automatically obtained on the blockchain 8a. Alternatively, the private key may be input on the user interface, and the dedicated platform 8 may verify whether or not a blockchain wallet address has been assigned to the private key. As a result, if a blockchain wallet address has been assigned to the private key, the dedicated platform 8 signs it. If this signature is made, the log writing is deemed successful, and otherwise, the log writing is deemed unsuccessful. This signature may be automatically executed by a program.

[0145] In order to write a log, for example, a signature via a private key may be required. Once the signature is entered, the blockchain wallet address can be automatically obtained on the blockchain 8a. Therefore, the blockchain wallet address can be obtained by prompting the appraisal certifier to write a log on the user interface. For example, a public key can be specified via a private key, and the blockchain wallet address can be obtained via this public key.

[0146] The dedicated platform 8 can determine that it is the owner of the blockchain wallet address. On the other hand, if the log writing fails, it can determine that it is not the owner of the blockchain wallet address. If it is determined that it is the owner of the blockchain wallet address, it reads out the determined blockchain wallet address (hereinafter referred to as the second blockchain wallet address or the first signature information).

[0147] The method of acquiring the second blockchain wallet address is not limited to the above-mentioned method, and may be any other method. The second blockchain wallet address may be acquired by having the authentication certifier input the address directly.

[0148] In addition, in step S47, a blockchain wallet address linked to the NFT information corresponding to the transaction hash obtained from the authentication certifier or the corresponding two-dimensional code is read from the blockchain 8a. Hereinafter, the blockchain wallet address read from the blockchain 8a is referred to as the first blockchain wallet address (or first verification information).

[0149] Next, the consistency between the first and second blockchain wallet addresses is determined. If the first and second blockchain wallet addresses are identical, the matching is completed. Through the completion of the matching, it can be determined that the product 5 to be authenticated is a genuine product and not a counterfeit. On the other hand, if the first and second blockchain wallet addresses are not identical, it can be determined that the authentication certifier is not the owner of the product 5 to be authenticated.

[0150] The reason for this is that each time the ownership of NFT information is transferred, the first blockchain wallet address that is linked to and recorded serves as evidence that the product is genuine. This serves as evidence that the holder of the second blockchain wallet address that is the same as this first blockchain wallet address currently owns the authentic product 5. For this reason, by determining the consistency between this first blockchain wallet address and the second blockchain wallet address, it is possible to provide authentication proof for the product 5 to be authenticated.

[0151] For example, the first verification information such as the first blockchain address read in step S47 has consistency with the first signature information held by the latest user of the multiple users who is involved in the product 5 to be authenticated. In this case, in step S47, only the latest user can perform authentication certification as the authentication certifier. This makes it possible to easily identify the user who currently owns or manages the product 5 to be authenticated.

[0152] The first verification information such as the first block chain address read in step S47 has consistency with the first signature information held by a user (i.e., a past user) who was involved before the latest user involved in the product to be authenticated 5 among multiple users. In this case, in step S47, the past user can perform authentication certification as an authentication certifier. Therefore, it is possible to identify users who have been involved in the product to be authenticated 5.

[0153] For example, step S47 may involve a process of granting a user who meets the authentication requirements for the product 5 requiring authentication the authority to view at least a portion of the information related to the product 5 requiring authentication (e.g., product information and transaction information used when recording in the blockchain 8a).

[0154] In addition, in step S47, for example, the authentication certificate described below may be combined to make the judgment.

[0155] In step S47, a fourth hash is generated based on the transaction hash obtained from the authentication certifier or the transaction hash associated with the NFT information corresponding to the two-dimensional code corresponding to the transaction hash. The method of generating this fourth hash is the same as the method of generating the first hash described above.

[0156] In step S47, information including the private key α1, product information, and transaction information recorded on the small recording medium (a1) 51a of the product 5 to be authenticated, and / or information including the private key β1, product information, and transaction information recorded on the small recording medium (b) 52a of the guarantee card 24 is read. Then, a fifth hash generated when recording the read information in the blockchain 8a is obtained.

[0157] Next, a sixth hash is newly generated based on the obtained fourth hash and fifth hash. The method for generating this sixth hash is the same as the method for generating the third hash described above.

[0158] The consistency of the sixth hash and the third hash obtained in this manner is determined.

[0159] If the product to be authenticated 5 is genuine, the fifth hash generated when recording the information read from the small recording medium (a1) 51a and the small recording medium (b) 52a in the blockchain 8a will be the same as the second hash. Also, if the authentication certifier holds a genuine product, the fourth hash generated based on the transaction hash received from the dedicated platform 8 (e.g., a marketplace) or the transaction hash linked to the two-dimensional code will be the same as the first hash.

[0160] Therefore, whether the product to be authenticated 5 is genuine or not can be determined by whether the sixth hash generated based on such fourth hash and fifth hash is the same as the third hash. Specifically, after the sixth hash is generated, a search is performed to determine whether the same third hash is stored on the blockchain 8a. In this way, by performing the determination not only based on the first hash and the second hash but also based on the third hash generated based on these, confidentiality can be improved. In addition, when recording in the blockchain 8a, instead of recording the first hash and the second hash, it is only necessary to record only one third hash reflecting these, so that the recording speed can be improved and the processing operation can be accelerated.

[0161] In the present invention, the authentication of the product 5 to be authenticated may be verified by determining both the consistency between the first and second blockchain wallet addresses and the consistency between the third hash and the sixth hash. That is, if the first and second blockchain wallet addresses are identical and the third hash and the sixth hash are identical, the verification is completed. Upon completion of the verification, it is determined that the product 5 to be authenticated is genuine. On the other hand, if either or both of the first and second blockchain wallet addresses, the third hash and the sixth hash are not identical, it can be determined that the authentication certifier is not the owner of the product 5 to be authenticated.

[0162] In this way, in the present invention, authentication can be performed based on completely different methods, namely, the consistency between the first blockchain wallet address and the second blockchain wallet address, and the consistency between the third hash and the sixth hash. Therefore, even if a product 5 requiring authentication is judged to be genuine by successfully circumventing one of the authentication methods, if it is judged to be a counterfeit product by the other authentication method, the product 5 will not be determined to be genuine. In this way, it is possible to achieve a higher level of authentication accuracy for products requiring authentication 5 that require stronger authentication.

[0163] The above-mentioned steps S43 to S47 are performed using the application [A] 9 and the application [B] 11, and may also be performed, for example, at least in part, using the dedicated platform 8.

[0164] In addition to the above, for example, the authentication certification method may perform authentication certification without generating the third hash and the sixth hash. In this case, the second to fourth verification information and the second to fourth signature information are used for the authentication certification. Each piece of verification information and each piece of signature information may include, for example, hash format information, or may include information obtained by encrypting or digitally signing the hash format information (hereinafter, described as encryption, etc.). Note that each piece of verification information and each piece of signature information may include at least one of a private key and a public key used for encryption, etc.

[0165] In this case, as shown in FIG. 13, for example, in step S43a, which is a modified example of step S43, second verification information based on information including at least one of the private key α1, product information, and transaction information recorded in the small recording medium (a1) 51a of the product 5 to be inspected is recorded in the blockchain 8a. The second verification information may indicate information including at least one of the private key α1, product information, and transaction information, or may indicate information obtained by performing processing such as encryption on information including at least one of the product information and transaction information using the private key α1. In addition to the above, the second verification information may indicate information in a hash format obtained when recording at least one of the private key α1, product information, and transaction information in the blockchain 8a, or information obtained by performing processing such as encryption on the hash.

[0166] Also, in step S43a, third verification information based on information including at least one of the private key β1, product information, and transaction information recorded in the small recording medium (b) 52a of the guarantee card 24 is recorded in the blockchain 8a. The third verification information may indicate information including at least one of the private key β1, product information, and transaction information, or may indicate information obtained by encrypting or otherwise processing the product information and at least one of the transaction information using the private key β1. In addition to the above, the third verification information may indicate information in a hash format obtained when recording at least one of the private key β1, product information, and transaction information in the blockchain 8a, or information obtained by encrypting or otherwise processing the hash.

[0167] In step S43a, fourth verification information generated based on the transaction hash is recorded in the block chain. The fourth verification information may indicate the transaction hash, or may indicate information obtained by encrypting the transaction hash. The fourth verification information may be generated based on a two-dimensional code corresponding to the transaction hash.

[0168] Step S43a can be performed using the application [A] 9, and can also be performed using the dedicated platform 8 for at least a part of the processing, for example.

[0169] Then, without performing step S44 described above, in step S47a, which is a modified example of step S47, second signature information is obtained based on information including at least one of the private key α1, product information, and transaction information recorded in the small recording medium (a1) 51a of the product 5 to be authenticated obtained from the authentication certifier. The second signature information may indicate information including at least one of the product information and transaction information, or may indicate information in a hash format generated when reading at least one of the product information and transaction information and recording the read information in the blockchain 8a. The second signature information may be obtained by performing a generation method similar to that of the fifth hash described above.

[0170] In step S47a, third signature information is obtained based on information including at least one of the private key β1, product information, and transaction information recorded in the small recording medium (b) 52a of the guarantee card 24 obtained from the authentication certifier. The third signature information may indicate information including at least one of the product information and transaction information, or may indicate information in a hash format generated when reading at least one of the product information and transaction information and recording the read information in the blockchain 8a. The third signature information may be obtained by implementing a generation method similar to that of the fifth hash described above.

[0171] In step S47a, the fourth signature information is obtained based on the transaction hash obtained from the authentication certifier or a two-dimensional code corresponding thereto. The fourth signature information may be obtained by implementing a generation method similar to that of the fourth hash described above.

[0172] Thereafter, in step S47a, at least one of the consistency between the second verification information and the second signature information, the consistency between the third verification information and the third signature information, and the consistency between the fourth verification information and the fourth signature information is determined. The consistency between each piece of verification information and the signature information may be determined, for example, for information of the same format (for example, information in hash format), or may be determined for information in hash format on one side and information that has been subjected to processing such as encryption on the other side. In either case, the determination may be made using a known technique. As a method for determining the consistency between each piece of signature information and each piece of verification information, for example, after acquiring each piece of signature information, it may be determined whether or not they are the same based on the result of searching whether or not the same verification information is stored on the blockchain 8a.

[0173] In this case, the product to be authenticated 5 may be deemed to be satisfied (i.e., genuine) if at least one of the results of the comparison between the first verification information and the first signature information, the results of the comparison between the third verification information and the third signature information, and the results of the comparison between the fourth verification information and the fourth signature information are consistent, and the results of the comparison between the second verification information and the second signature information are consistent. This makes it possible to achieve authentication of the product to be authenticated 5 using other information even if a defect occurs in some of the information used for authentication certification, thereby expanding the possibilities of use.

[0174] Note that step S47a can be performed using the application [B] 11, and can also be performed using the dedicated platform 8 for at least a part of the processing, for example.

[0175] According to the authentication certification system 1 in the first embodiment described above, it is possible to perform highly reliable authentication certification even when performing authentication certification of digital goods. Furthermore, the authentication certification method in the above embodiment can be implemented, for example, by using each component of the authentication certification system 1, and it is possible to perform highly reliable authentication certification even when performing authentication certification of digital goods.

[0176] The electronic devices such as the terminals 2, 72, distributed file server 3, dedicated platform 8, application [A] 9, and application [B] 11 described above each include a processor such as a central processing unit (CPU), a random access memory (RAM), and a read only memory (ROM), and execute the various processes described above. The electronic devices also include a data storage device such as a hard disk drive (HDD) and store various types of information.

[0177] Next, an example of an authentication certification system and authentication certification method to which a second embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The authentication certification system 1 to which the second embodiment is applied differs from the first embodiment in that it evaluates product information. Also, the same description as in the first embodiment will be omitted.

[0178] The appraisal certification system 1 outputs a verification result indicating an evaluation result for the product information by using a dedicated platform 8, for example, based on verification information for evaluating the product information. The verification information is information for evaluating the product information. The verification information may be, for example, information on an image or name of the product 5 to be appraised or a part of the product 5 to be appraised. The verification information may also be information on video and records of the product 5 to be appraised or the production process or transportation process of the product 5 to be appraised. The verification information may also include supply chain information. The verification information may also include contract verification information for evaluating the contents of contracts made between various traders. The verification information may also be, for example, location information of the product 5 to be appraised. The verification information may also include a verification result output in the past. The verification information may also include a part of the product information. The verification information may also include digital property data. The location information may also be acquired by a GPS (Global Positioning System, Global Positioning Satellite) or the like incorporated in a small recording medium attached to the product 5 to be appraised.

[0179] The supply chain information is information on transactions of the product 5 to be appraised or parts of the product 5 to be appraised. The supply chain information may be information on the history of the product 5 to be appraised or parts of the product 5 to be appraised. The supply chain information may be information on past occupants of the product 5 to be appraised or parts of the product 5 to be appraised. The supply chain information may be information on manufacturers and SIers of the product 5 to be appraised or parts of the product 5 to be appraised. The supply chain information may be information on sales contracts of the product 5 to be appraised. The supply chain information may be information on maintenance contracts of the product 5 to be appraised. The supply chain information may be information on the maintenance history of the product 5 to be appraised. The supply chain information may be information on the occupancy history of the manufacturing company, the introducing company, and the operating company of the product 5 to be appraised. The supply chain information may also include information on the production status, inventory status, and logistics status of the product 5 to be appraised.

[0180] The contract verification information is information for evaluating the contents of the contract made between various traders. The contract verification information may be, for example, text data indicating the contents of the contract made between various traders. The contract verification information may also be information indicating the number of products 5 requiring appraisal or parts of products 5 requiring appraisal that are the subject of the transaction. The contract verification information may also be a record of past transactions between various traders. The contract verification information may also be image information indicating the signatures or seals of various traders used in the contract. The contract verification information may also be the names of the traders conducting the transaction.

[0181] The verification result is information indicating the evaluation result of the verification information. The verification result may be, for example, information indicating whether or not there is an error in the product information. The verification result may be, for example, information indicating whether the product to be authenticated 5 or a part of the product to be authenticated 5 is genuine. The verification result may be, for example, reliability information indicating the degree of reliability of the product information. The reliability may be, for example, a five-level rating, or may be indicated as a percentage, etc. The verification result may also be information indicating whether the product to be authenticated 5 is compatible with a specific OS standard. The verification result may also be information indicating the high level of security of the product to be authenticated 5.

[0182] The authentication certification system 1 may use a data set consisting of previously acquired reference verification information and reference verification results as learning data, input the reference verification information, output the reference verification results, and use an evaluation model generated by machine learning to output a verification result for the product information based on the verification information. The evaluation model may be recorded in the dedicated platform 8.

[0183] The reference verification information is verification information to be used for the learning data of the evaluation model. The reference verification information may be the same type of information as the verification information. The reference verification information may be, for example, verification information acquired in advance. The reference verification result is a verification result to be used for the learning data of the evaluation model. The reference verification result may be the same type of information as the verification result. The reference verification result may be, for example, a verification result acquired in advance.

[0184] The evaluation model is a model that outputs a verification result from inputted verification information. The evaluation model may be generated by, for example, machine learning. The evaluation model is generated by, for example, using a set of reference verification information acquired in advance and a reference verification result as learning data. The evaluation model may be a trained model constructed by machine learning using a plurality of learning data. The evaluation model may be generated by, for example, machine learning using a neural network as a model. The evaluation model may be generated by, for example, a neural network such as a CNN (Convolution Neural Network) or machine learning such as deep learning, or any other model may be used. The evaluation model may also be used by a dedicated platform 8.

[0185] The evaluation model may also output a verification result based on multiple types of verification information. In such a case, the evaluation model may be generated by machine learning, for example, with multiple types of reference verification information as input and with the output as a reference verification result. The evaluation model may take, for example, information on an image of the product 5 or a part of the product 5 to be inspected and information on the name of the product 5 or a part of the product 5 to be inspected as the reference verification result. In such a case, the appraisal certification system 1 refers to the evaluation model and outputs a verification result based on the same type of verification information as the reference verification information.

[0186] The evaluation model stores, for example, correlations having the degree of correlation between reference verification information (input data) and reference verification results (output data). The degree of correlation indicates the degree of connection between the input data and the output data, and it can be determined that the higher the degree of correlation, the stronger the connection between the data. The degree of correlation may be indicated by three or more values ​​(three or more levels) such as a percentage, or may be indicated by two values ​​(two levels).

[0187] For example, the association is constructed based on the degree of connection between many-to-many information (multiple input data, pair, multiple output data). The association is appropriately updated during the machine learning process, and indicates a function (classifier) ​​optimized based on, for example, multiple input data and multiple output data. Note that the association may have multiple association degrees indicating the degree of connection between each data. For example, when the database is constructed using a neural network, the association degree can correspond to a weight variable.

[0188] For this reason, the authentication and certification system 1 selects a verification result suitable for the verification information by using correlations based on all the results of the classifiers, for example. This makes it possible to quantitatively select a verification result suitable for the verification information not only when the verification information is identical or similar to the reference verification information, but also when the verification information is dissimilar.

[0189] The association may indicate the degree of connection between a plurality of output data and a plurality of input data, as shown in FIG. 14, for example. In this case, by using the association, the degree of relationship between a plurality of input data ("Reference Verification Result A" to "Reference Verification Result C" in FIG. 14) can be associated with each of the plurality of output data ("Reference Verification Information A" to "Reference Verification Information C" in FIG. 14) and stored. Therefore, for example, a plurality of input data can be associated with one output data via the association. This makes it possible to realize the selection of multifaceted verification results for the verification information.

[0190] The correlation has, for example, a plurality of correlations linking each output data with each input data. The correlation is indicated in three or more stages, such as a percentage, a 10-stage scale, or a 5-stage scale, and is indicated, for example, by the characteristics of the line (e.g., thickness, etc.). For example, "reference verification information A" included in the input data indicates a correlation AA of "73%" with "reference verification result A" included in the output data, and indicates a correlation AB of "12%" with "reference verification result B" included in the output data. In other words, the "correlation" indicates the degree of connection between each data, and for example, the higher the correlation, the stronger the connection between each data.

[0191] In addition, the evaluation model may be machine-learned by providing at least one or more hidden layers between the input data and the output data. The above-mentioned correlation is set in either the input data or the hidden layer data, or in both, and this becomes the weighting of each data, and the output is selected based on this. Then, when this correlation exceeds a certain threshold, the output may be selected.

[0192] The appraisal certification system 1 may output a verification result based on the verification information using two or more evaluation models generated by machine learning using different learning data. This makes it possible to perform an evaluation using a multi-AI that uses AIs from multiple different developers as a collegial body, for example. This eliminates bias in the results due to learning data, etc., making it possible to perform a fairer evaluation. The multi-AI may also include a distributed AI.

[0193] The authentication certification system 1 may further output a second verification result for the product information based on each of the output verification results. The second verification result is information indicating a result for the overall product information determined based on a plurality of verification results. The authentication certification system 1 may output, for example, an average of each of the output verification results as the second verification result. In addition, the authentication certification system 1 may further output a second verification result for the product information based on each of the output verification results using a result model generated by machine learning using, for example, a data set consisting of a plurality of reference verification results and a reference second verification result acquired in advance as learning data, with the input being the plurality of reference verification results and the output being the reference second verification result.

[0194] The authentication certification system 1 may evaluate the product information at any timing. For example, the authentication certification system 1 may evaluate the product information before the product information is recorded on the small recording medium 51a, 52a. The authentication certification system 1 may also evaluate the product information before the product information is recorded on the blockchain 8a. The authentication certification system 1 may also evaluate the product information when the product information is read from the blockchain data 8b. The authentication certification system 1 may also evaluate the product information each time the owner of the NFT information is transferred.

[0195] Furthermore, the authentication certification system 1 may present a usage guide according to the type of business of a business using the authentication certification system 1. For example, the authentication certification system 1 may refer to a correspondence table in which preset business type information and usage guide information are linked, and present a usage guide according to the type of business of a business using the authentication certification system 1. The usage guide may be, for example, audio guidance or text data guidance. The usage guide is, for example, presentation of text data such as "Please input HBOM information as XX". The authentication certification system 1 may present the usage guide to a business via, for example, the terminal 2 or the terminal 72.

[0196] Furthermore, the authentication certification system 1 may add a certification mark to the product information according to the output verification result. In this case, the authentication certification system 1 may add a certification mark to the product information, for example, when the output verification result indicates a reliability level equal to or higher than a specified value.

[0197] Furthermore, the authentication certification system 1 outputs information indicating that insurance for the purchase or recovery of the product 5 to be authenticated will be applied if there is an error in the evaluated verification result. This makes it possible to apply insurance even if there is an error in the evaluation result. This means that if the product information is judged to be genuine and then found to be a mistaken judgment, and the judgment of authenticity is corrected to be non-genuine, the seller must buy back or recover the product 5 to be authenticated from those who purchased the product 5 believing the previous mistaken judgment, and insurance compensation is attached to provide monetary compensation for the purchase cost as a business loss. In addition, when incorporating the damage insurance compensation, it may be premised on the attachment of an estimate. Furthermore, the authentication certification system 1 may set the insurance premium to be paid by the seller according to the evaluated verification result. This makes it possible to set an appropriate insurance premium according to, for example, the reliability of the product information. Furthermore, the authentication certification system 1 may determine whether there is an error in the verification result and output the judgment result. In such a case, for example, if a verification result different from a past verification result is output, the authentication certification system 1 may determine that there is an error in the verification result and output the judgment result.

[0198] The appraisal and certification system 1 may also use a data set consisting of previously acquired reference contract verification information and reference verification results as learning data, input the reference contract verification information, output the reference verification results, and output a verification result for a contract concluded between businesses based on the newly acquired contract verification information using a model generated by machine learning. This makes it possible to automatically evaluate whether a contract concluded between businesses is legitimate.

[0199] Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, this embodiment is presented as an example and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Such a novel embodiment can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. This embodiment and its modifications are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents described in the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0200] 1. Appraisal and Certification System 2, 72 terminals 3. Distributed File Server 5 Products requiring appraisal 8. Dedicated Platform 8a Blockchain 8b Blockchain Data 10 Public communication network 24 Guarantee Card 25 Leader 43 Blockchain Wallet

Claims

1. Verification information acquisition means for acquiring verification information for evaluating product information relating to a product requiring appraisal, An evaluation means that uses a dataset consisting of reference verification information and reference verification results for the reference verification information, which have been acquired in advance, as training data, and uses an evaluation model generated by machine learning to output verification results for the product information based on the acquired verification information, Equipped with, The evaluation model holds correlation information including one or more correlation degrees indicating the degree of connection between one or more input data representing the reference verification information and one or more output data representing the reference verification results, The evaluation means, in addition to cases where the verification information is identical or similar to the reference verification information, also selects at least one output data suitable for the verification information from among the one or more output data based on the correlation information, and outputs the verification result based on the selected output data, even when the verification information is dissimilar. A certification system characterized by the following features.

2. The correlation information is updated during the machine learning process and indicates a classifier which is a function optimized based on the one or more input data and the one or more output data. The appraisal and certification system according to claim 1.

3. The association information has a plurality of association degrees that link each of the output data and each of the input data, and links a plurality of input data to one of the output data. The appraisal and certification system according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The evaluation model includes a neural network in which at least one hidden layer is provided between the input data and the output data, The correlation degree is used as a weight set for either the input data or the hidden layer data, or both. The appraisal and certification system according to claim 1 or 2.

5. The evaluation means selects the output data corresponding to the correlation degree that exceeds a predetermined threshold as the target of the verification result. The appraisal and certification system according to claim 1 or 2.

6. The degree of correlation is indicated by a percentage or by two or more levels. The appraisal and certification system according to claim 1 or 2.

7. The verification information includes at least one of the following: image information or name information of the product or its parts that need to be appraised, video or recording information of the production process or transportation process of the product or its parts that need to be appraised, supply chain information, contract verification information, location information, verification results output in the past, a part of product information, or digital asset data. The appraisal and certification system according to claim 1 or 2.

8. The contract verification information includes at least one of the following: text data indicating the content of a contract between various businesses; information indicating the number of the products or parts thereof that are subject to the transaction; records of past transactions of various businesses; image information indicating the signatures or seals of various businesses used in the contract; or the names of the businesses conducting the transaction. The appraisal and certification system according to claim 7.

9. The verification result indicates at least one of the following: whether or not there is an error in the product information, whether or not the product or its component requiring authentication is genuine, the reliability level indicating the high credibility of the product information, whether or not the product requiring authentication conforms to the standards of a specific OS, or the level of security of the product requiring authentication. The appraisal and certification system according to claim 1 or 2.

10. The evaluation means outputs the verification result at at least one of the following times: before the product information is written to the small recording medium, before the product information is recorded on the blockchain, when the product information is read from the blockchain data, or when the ownership of the NFT information corresponding to the product requiring authentication is transferred. The appraisal and certification system according to claim 1 or 2.

11. The system further comprises a guidance display means for displaying instructions on how to use the appraisal certification system according to the type of business of the business using the system. The appraisal and certification system according to claim 1 or 2.

12. The present invention further comprises a means for applying a certification mark to the product information when the verification result shows a reliability of a specified value or higher. The appraisal and certification system according to claim 1 or 2.

13. The verification information includes contract verification information, The evaluation means uses a model generated by machine learning, which uses a dataset consisting of previously acquired reference contract verification information and the reference verification results as training data, to output verification results for contracts concluded between businesses based on newly acquired contract verification information. The appraisal and certification system according to claim 1 or 2.

14. The evaluation means, when the ownership of the NFT information corresponding to the product requiring authentication is transferred, acquires owner certification data corresponding to the product requiring authentication as verification information, and outputs the verification result based on the owner certification data. The appraisal and certification system according to claim 10.

15. The owner verification data includes a blockchain wallet address, a public key used to generate the blockchain wallet address, a private key used to generate the blockchain wallet address, and at least one of DID, SSI, DIW, or VC. The appraisal and certification system according to claim 14.

16. The owner verification data includes blockchain wallet owner verification data recorded in a smart contract. The appraisal and certification system according to claim 14.

17. A method of authentication and certification performed by a computer having a control unit, The process involves obtaining verification information to evaluate product information regarding products requiring appraisal, A step of outputting verification results for product information based on acquired verification information, using an evaluation model generated by machine learning, with a dataset consisting of reference verification information and reference verification results for the reference verification information, which has been acquired in advance, as training data, for evaluating product information related to the product requiring appraisal, and a machine learning model, Includes, The evaluation model holds correlation information including one or more correlation degrees indicating the degree of connection between one or more input data representing the reference verification information and one or more output data representing the reference verification results, In the step of outputting the verification results, in addition to cases where the verification information is identical or similar to the reference verification information, even when it is dissimilar, at least one output data suitable for the verification information is quantitatively selected from the one or more output data based on the correlation information, and the verification results are output based on the selected output data. A method of authentication and certification characterized by the following features.

18. The further step of affixing a certification mark to the product information when the verification result shows a reliability of a specified value or higher, The method of certification of expert opinion as described in claim 17.

19. A program for causing a computer to execute the appraisal and certification method described in claim 17 or 18.

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