Positive NMDA modulating compounds and methods of use thereof

Abstract

The compounds have the formula (AI), (BI), (CI), (DI), (EI), (FI), (GI), and (HI), and pharma- ceutically acceptable salts thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof.The compounds of the present disclosure are believed to be useful in the prophylaxis and treatment of a variety of CNS-related conditions.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Related Applications This application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 63 / 237,126, filed August 25, 2021, 63 / 237,127, filed August 25, 2021, 63 / 237,128, filed August 25, 2021, 63 / 237,129, filed August 25, 2021, 63 / 237,130, filed August 25, 2021, 63 / 240,699, filed September 3, 2021, 63 / 240,700, filed September 3, 2021, and 63 / 240,701, filed September 3, 2021. The contents of each of the foregoing applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. [Background technology]

[0002] NMDA receptors are heteromeric complexes composed of NR1, NR2, and / or NR3 subunits and possess distinct recognition sites for exogenous and endogenous ligands. These recognition sites include binding sites for glycine and glutamate agonists and modulators. NMDA receptors are expressed in peripheral tissues and the CNS, where they are involved in excitatory synaptic transmission. Activating these receptors contributes to synaptic plasticity in some situations and excitotoxicity in others. These receptors transduce Ca after binding of glutamate and glycine. 2+ Glutamatergic pathways are ligand-gated ion channels that accept glutamatergic receptors and are fundamental to excitatory neurotransmission and normal CNS function. Positive modulators may be useful as therapeutic agents with potential clinical applications as cognitive enhancers and in the treatment of psychiatric disorders in which glutamatergic transmission is reduced or deficient (see, e.g., Horak et al., J. of Neuroscience, 2004, 24(46), 10318-10325). There is a need for novel compounds that are positive allosteric modulators of NMDA receptors for the prevention and treatment of conditions associated with NMDA receptor function. The compounds, compositions, and methods described herein are directed toward this end. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0003] [Non-Patent Document 1] Horak et al.,J.of Neuroscience,2004,24(46),10318-10325 Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides compounds that are NMDA receptor positive allosteric modulators. In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (AI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R 2a and R 2b each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 is a carbocyclyl, R 5 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 6is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 9 is absent or hydrogen, or R 9 and R 11a together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl ring, R 11a is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 11b is absent or hydrogen, or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group, R 15 Each example is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R 16 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl, R18 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A18 and R A18 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 19 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A19 and R A19 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 20a But halogen, cyano, substituted C 1-6 Alkyl, unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 is a carbocyclyl, R 20b is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl or Or R 20a and R 20b But both are simultaneously -CH3, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R 23a and R 23b each instance of is independently hydrogen or fluorine; R 24a is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 24b is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; Or R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; s is 1, 2, or 3; each [ka] independently represent a single bond or a double bond, provided that when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R 5 is absent and the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond, R 9 and R 11b is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0005] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is selected from any one of compounds A-1 through A-26 in Table A-1 and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

[0006] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (BI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R 2a and R 2b each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 is a carbocyclyl, R 5 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 6 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, or halogen; R 9 is absent or hydrogen, or R 9 and R 11a together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl, R 11a is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 11b is absent or hydrogen, or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group, R 15 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R 16 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R 17 is absent, hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, provided that when the bond between C16 and C17 is a double bond, R 17 is non-existent, or Or R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Forming a carbocyclyl, or Or R 16 and R 17 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl, However, R 15 and R 16 and R 16 and R 17 Both, together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, are substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 cannot form a carbocyclyl, However, R 15 , R 16 , and R 17 At least one of the atoms is not hydrogen, R 18 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A18 and R A18 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 19 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A19 and R A19 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R 23a and R 23b each instance of is independently hydrogen or fluorine; R 24a is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 24b is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Is it alkyl? Or R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; q is 0, 1, or 2; u is 1 or 2; s is 1 or 2, each [ka] independently represent a single bond or a double bond, provided that when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R 5is absent and the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond, R 9 and R 11b is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0007] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is selected from any one of compounds B-1 through B-24 in Table B-1 and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

[0008] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (CI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R 2a and R 2b each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 is a carbocyclyl, R 5 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 6 is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 9 is absent or hydrogen, or R 9 and R 11a together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6forming a carbocyclyl ring, R 11a is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 11b is absent or hydrogen, or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group, R 15 Each example is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R 16 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl, R 18 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A18 and R A18 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 19 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6Alkyl or OR A19 and R A19 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R 23a and R 23b are each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R 25a is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 25b is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; Or R 25a and R 25b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; s is 1 or 2, each [ka] independently represent a single bond or a double bond; However, when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R 5 is absent and the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond, R 9 and R 11b is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0009] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (CI) is selected from any one of compounds C-1 to C-35 of Table C-1 and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

[0010] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (DI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R 2a and R 2b each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 is a carbocyclyl, R 5 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 6 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, or halogen; R 11a is hydrogen or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b is hydrogen or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R 23a and R 23b are each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R 24a is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 24b is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Is it alkyl? Or R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; s is 1, 2, 3, or 4; provided that a) q and r are not both 1, or b) when q is 0, r is not 2, [ka] represents a single bond or a double bond, provided that when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R 5 is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0011] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (DI) is selected from any one of compounds D-1 to D-17 of Table D-1 and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

[0012] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (EI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R 2a and R 2b each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 is a carbocyclyl, [ka] represents a single bond or a double bond, When the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond, R 9 is non-existent, and R 11 is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-10 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 selected from the group consisting of alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, -OH, and -amino; When the bond between C9 and C11 is a single bond, R 9 is hydrogen and R 11 is halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl or R 9 and R 11 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl ring, When the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R 5 is non-existent, and R 6 is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, When the bond between C5 and C6 is a single bond, R 5 and R 6 each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 18 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A18 and R A18 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 19 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A19 and R A19 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond, n is 1 or 2, R 23a and R 23bare each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R 24a is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 24b is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, or R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; The present invention provides a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein s is 1 or 2.

[0013] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (EI) is selected from any one of compounds E-1 to E-16 and C-26 to C-35 of Table E-1, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

[0014] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (FI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R 2a and R 2b each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C1-6 is alkyl, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 is a carbocyclyl, R 5 is absent, hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, or halogen; R 6 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, or halogen; R 11a is hydrogen or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b is hydrogen or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group, R 18 is hydrogen, unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkyl, substituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A18 and R A18 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 19 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A19 and R A19 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Group and R 23b combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R 23a and R23b are each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R 24a is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 24b is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Is it alkyl? Or R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; s is 1 or 2, [ka] represents a single bond or a double bond, provided that when a double bond is present between C5 and C6, R 5 is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0015] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (FI) is selected from any one of compounds F-1 to F-14 of Table F-1 and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

[0016] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (GI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R 2a and R 2beach independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 is alkynyl, R 5 is absent, hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, or halogen; R 6 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, or halogen; R 19 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkyl or OR A19 and R A19 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 11a is hydrogen or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b is hydrogen or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R 23a and R 23b are each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R 24ais substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 24b is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Is it alkyl? Or R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl, q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; s is 1, 2, 3, or 4; [ka] represents a single bond or a double bond, provided that when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R 5 is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0017] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (GI) is selected from any one of compounds G-1 through G-5 of Table G-1, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

[0018] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (HI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R 2a and R 2b each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -ORA2 and R A2 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 is a carbocyclyl, R 5 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 6 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, or halogen; R 11a is hydrogen or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, and R 11b is hydrogen or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R 23a and R 23b are each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R 24a is selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups; R 24b is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, Or R 24a and R 24btogether with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; s is 1, 2, or 3; [ka] represents a single bond or a double bond, provided that when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R 5 is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0019] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (HI) is selected from any one of compounds H-1 to H-11 of Table H-1 and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

[0020] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to the present disclosure, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

[0021] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of treating a CNS-related condition in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound according to the present disclosure or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition according to the present disclosure.

[0022] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of inducing sedation or anesthesia in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound according to the present disclosure or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition according to the present disclosure.

[0023] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound according to the present disclosure or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition according to the present disclosure, for use in treating a CNS-related condition in a subject.

[0024] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound according to the present disclosure or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition according to the present disclosure, for use in inducing sedation or anesthesia in a subject.

[0025] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides the use of a compound according to the present disclosure or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition according to the present disclosure, for the manufacture of a medicament for treating a CNS-related condition in a subject.

[0026] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides use of a compound according to the present disclosure or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition according to the present disclosure, for the manufacture of a medicament for inducing sedation or anesthesia in a subject.

[0027] In some embodiments, the CNS-related condition is an adjustment disorder, an anxiety disorder (including obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and social phobia), a cognitive disorder (including Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia), a dissociative disorder, an eating disorder, a mood disorder (including depression, bipolar disorder, and dysthymic disorder), schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders (including schizoaffective disorder), a sleep disorder (including insomnia), a substance-related disorder, a personality disorder (including obsessive-compulsive personality disorder), autism The therapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of: spectrum disorders (including those with mutations to Shank proteins), neurodevelopmental disorders (including Rett syndrome and tuberous sclerosis), pain (including acute and chronic pain), encephalopathy secondary to a medical condition (including hepatic encephalopathy and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis), seizure disorders (including status epilepticus and monogenic epilepsies such as Dravet disease), stroke, traumatic brain injury, movement disorders (including Huntington's disease and Parkinson's disease), and tinnitus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0028] The present disclosure provides compounds that are NMDA receptor positive allosteric modulators. The compounds of the present disclosure are useful as therapeutic agents for treating CNS-related conditions, including, but not limited to, adjustment disorders, anxiety disorders, cognitive disorders, dissociative disorders, eating disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia or other psychiatric disorders, sleep disorders, substance-related disorders, personality disorders, autism spectrum disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, pain, encephalopathy secondary to medical conditions, seizure disorders, stroke, traumatic brain injury, movement disorders, and tinnitus.

[0029] General definition The term "herein" means the entire application.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined herein, scientific and technical terms used in this application shall have the meanings commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. Generally, the nomenclature used in connection with the compounds, compositions and methods described herein is that which is well known and commonly used in the art.

[0031] It should be understood that any of the embodiments described herein, including those described under different aspects of the disclosure and in different sections of this specification (including embodiments described only in the examples), can be combined with one or more other embodiments of the present disclosure, unless expressly disallowed or inappropriate. Combinations of embodiments are not limited to those specific combinations claimed through multiple dependent claims. For example, any claim that depends on another claim can be amended to include one or more limitations found in any other claim that depends from the same base claim. Where elements are presented as a list, e.g., in Markush group format, each subgroup of elements is also disclosed, and any element can be removed from the group.

[0032] Throughout this specification, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" will be understood to be synonymous with "including," "containing," or "characterized by," and to mean the inclusion of a stated integer (or component, element, or method) or group of integers (or component, element, or method), but not the exclusion of any other integer (or component, element, or method) or group of integers (or component, element, or method).

[0033] Throughout this specification, when a composition is described as having, including, or comprising specific components (or variations thereof), it is contemplated that the composition also consists essentially of, or may consist of, the recited components. Similarly, when a method or process is described as having, including, or comprising specific process steps, the process also may consist essentially of, or may consist of, the recited processing steps. Furthermore, it should be understood that the order of steps or the order for performing certain actions is immaterial so long as the compositions and methods described herein remain operable. Moreover, two or more steps or actions can be conducted simultaneously.

[0034] The term "comprises" as used herein means "including, but not limited to." "Comprises" and "including, but not limited to" are used interchangeably. Thus, these terms will be understood to mean the inclusion of a stated whole (or component, element, or method) or group of wholes (or component, element, or method), but not the exclusion of any other whole (or component, element, or method) or group of wholes (or component, element, or method).

[0035] As used herein, the term "about" or "approximately" means within an acceptable error range for a particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, which will depend in part on how the value is measured or determined, i.e., the limitations of the measurement system.

[0036] In the context of describing elements (particularly in the context of the claims which follow), the use of the terms "a," "an," and "the" and similar referents should be construed to encompass both the singular and the plural unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context.

[0037] The term "or" as used herein should be understood to mean "and / or" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0038] Recitation of ranges of values ​​herein, unless otherwise indicated herein, is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value within the range, including the endpoints, and each separate value is incorporated herein as if each separate value were individually referred to herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples or exemplary language (e.g., "such as") provided herein is intended merely to better illustrate embodiments and does not present a limitation on the scope of the claims unless otherwise stated. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential.

[0039] All publications, patents, and published patent applications mentioned in this application are specifically incorporated herein by reference. In case of conflict, the present specification, including its specific definitions, will control. Furthermore, any particular embodiment of the present disclosure that falls within the prior art may be expressly excluded from any one or more of the claims. Such embodiments may be excluded even if the exclusion is not explicitly set forth herein, because they are deemed to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Any particular embodiment of the present disclosure may be excluded from any claim for any reason, whether related to the existence of prior art or not.

[0040] Chemical Definition Definitions of specific functional groups and chemical terms are described in more detail below. Chemical elements are identified according to the Periodic Table of the Elements, CAS version, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 75th Ed., inside cover, and specific functional groups are generally defined as set forth therein. In addition, general principles of organic chemistry, as well as specific functional moieties and reactivities, are described in detail in "Organic Chemistry" by Thomas Sorrell, "Organic Chemistry," University Science Books, Sausalito, 1999; Smith and March, "March's Advanced Organic Chemistry," 5th Ed., Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 111-114, 1999; and "Organic Chemistry" by Smith and March, ... th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 2001, Larock, Comprehensive Organic Transformations, VCH Publishers, Inc., New York, 1989, and Carruthers, Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis, 3. rd Edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1987.

[0041] The compounds described herein may contain one or more asymmetric centers and therefore may exist in various isomeric forms, e.g., enantiomers and / or diastereomers. For example, the compounds described herein may be in the form of individual enantiomers, diastereomers, or geometric isomers, or may be in the form of a mixture of stereoisomers, including racemic mixtures and mixtures enriched in one or more stereoisomers. Isomers, e.g., stereoisomers, can be isolated from mixtures by methods known to those skilled in the art, including chiral high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the formation and crystallization of chiral salts, or preferred isomers can be prepared by asymmetric synthesis. See, for example, Jacques et al., Enantiomers, Racemates and Resolutions (Wiley Interscience, New York, 1981), Wilen et al., Tetrahedron 33:2725 (1977), Eliel, Stereochemistry of Carbon Compounds (McGraw-Hill, NY, 1962), and Wilen, Tables of Resolving Agents and Optical Resolutions p. 268 (EL Eliel, Ed., University of Notre Dame Press, Notre Dame, IN 1972). The present disclosure further encompasses the compounds described herein as individual isomers substantially free of other isomers, and alternatively, as mixtures of various isomers.

[0042] Compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the nature or sequence of bonding of their atoms or the arrangement of their atoms in space are called "isomers." Isomers that differ in the arrangement of their atoms in space are called "stereoisomers." Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other are called "diastereomers," and stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are called "enantiomers." When a compound has an asymmetric center, for example, bonded to four different groups, a pair of enantiomers is possible. Enantiomers can be characterized by the absolute configuration of their asymmetric center and described by the R- and S-sequencing rules of Cahn and Prelog, or by the way the molecule rotates the plane of polarized light and is designated as dextrorotatory or levorotatory (i.e., as (+)- or (-)-isomers, respectively). Chiral compounds can exist as either individual enantiomers or mixtures thereof. A mixture containing equal proportions of enantiomers is called a "racemic mixture."

[0043] As used herein, a pure enantiomer compound is substantially free of other enantiomers or stereoisomers of the compound (i.e., in enantiomeric excess). In other words, the "S" form of a compound is substantially free of the "R" form of the compound and is thus in enantiomeric excess of the "R" form. The terms "enantiomerically pure" or "pure enantiomer" mean that a compound contains more than 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.2%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, or more than 99.9% by weight of an enantiomer. In certain embodiments, the weights are based on the total weight of all enantiomers or stereoisomers of a compound. As used herein, the term "diastereomeric purity" refers to the amount of a compound having the indicated absolute stereochemistry, expressed as a percentage of the total amount of the indicated compound and its diastereomers. The term "diastereomerically pure" means that a compound contains more than 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.2%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, or 99.9% by weight of a diastereomer. Methods for determining diastereomeric and enantiomeric purity are well known in the art. Diastereomeric purity can be determined by any analytical method capable of quantitatively distinguishing between a compound and its diastereoisomers, such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

[0044] In the compositions provided herein, the enantiomerically pure compounds may be present together with other active or inactive ingredients. For example, a pharmaceutical composition containing an enantiomerically pure R-position / center / carbon compound may contain, for example, about 90% excipients and about 10% enantiomerically pure R-compound. In embodiments, the enantiomerically pure R-compound in such a composition may contain, for example, at least about 95% by weight of the R-compound and up to about 5% by weight of the S-compound, based on the total weight of the compound. For example, a pharmaceutical composition containing an enantiomerically pure S-compound may contain, for example, about 90% excipients and about 10% of the enantiomerically pure S-compound. In embodiments, the enantiomerically pure S-compound in such a composition may contain, for example, at least about 95% by weight of the S-compound and up to about 5% by weight of the R-compound, based on the total weight of the compound. In certain embodiments, the active ingredient may be formulated with little or no excipients or carriers.

[0045] As used herein, the term "diastereomeric purity" refers to the amount of a compound having the indicated absolute stereochemistry, expressed as a percentage of the total amount of the indicated compound and its diastereomers. The term "diastereomerically pure" means that a compound contains more than 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.2%, 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.7%, 99.8%, or 99.9% by weight of a diastereomer. Methods for determining diastereomeric and enantiomeric purity are well known in the art. Diastereomeric purity can be determined by any analytical method capable of quantitatively distinguishing between a compound and its diastereoisomers, such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

[0046] The compounds described herein may also contain one or more isotopic substitutions. For example, H is 1 H, 2 H (D or deuterium), and 3 H (T or tritium) and C may be in any isotopic form. 12 C. 13 C, and 14 C may be in any isotopic form, including O 16 O and 18 It may be any isotopic form containing O.

[0047] When a range of values ​​is listed, it is intended to encompass each value and subrange within the range. For example, "C 1-6 "Alkyl" refers to C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C 1-6 , C 1-5 , C 1-4 , C 1-3 , C 1-2 , C 2-6 , C 2-5 , C 2-4 , C 2-3 , C 3-6 , C 3-5 , C 3-4 , C 4-6 , C 4-5 , and C 5-6 Alkyl is intended to be included.

[0048] The following terms are intended to have the meanings presented below and are useful in understanding the specification and intended scope of the present disclosure. It is also understood that, as described herein, any of the moieties defined herein can be substituted with various substituents, and that each definition is intended to include such substituted moieties within its scope, as described below. Unless otherwise specified, the term "substituted" is intended to be defined as described below. It should be further understood that the terms "group" and "radical" can be considered interchangeable when used herein.

[0049] "Aliphatic" refers to an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or carbocyclyl group as defined herein.

[0050] "Alkyl" means a straight or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms ("C 1-20 In some embodiments, an alkyl group refers to a radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms ("C 1-6 In some embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 5 carbon atoms ("C 1-5 In some embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 4 carbon atoms ("C 1-4 In some embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 3 carbon atoms ("C 1-3 In some embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 2 carbon atoms ("C 1-2 In some embodiments, the alkyl group has one carbon atom (C alkyl). 1-6 Examples of alkyl groups include methyl (C1), ethyl (C2), n-propyl (C3), isopropyl (C3), n-butyl (C4), tert-butyl (C4), sec-butyl (C4), iso-butyl (C4), n-pentyl (C5), 3-pentanyl (C5), amyl (C5), neopentyl (C5), 3-methyl-2-butanyl (C5), tertiary amyl (C5), and n-hexyl (C6). Unless otherwise specified, each instance of an alkyl group is independently optionally substituted, i.e., unsubstituted ("unsubstituted alkyl"). or substituted with one or more substituents (a "substituted alkyl"), for example, 1 to 4 substituents, 1 to 3 substituents, or 1 substituent. Common abbreviations for alkyl include Me(-CH), Et(-CHCH), iPr(-CH(CH)), nPr(-CHCHCH), n-Bu(-CHCHCHCHCH), or i-Bu(-CHCH(CH)).

[0051] As used herein, "alkylene," "alkenylene," "alkynylene," "heteroalkylene," "heteroalkenylene," and "heteroalkynylene" refer to divalent radicals of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, heteroalkyl, heteroalkenyl, and heteroalkynyl groups, respectively. When a range or number of carbons is provided for a particular "alkylene," "alkenylene," "alkynylene," "heteroalkylene," "heteroalkenylene," or "heteroalkynylene" group, it is understood that the range or number refers to the range or number of carbons in a linear, divalent carbon chain. "Alkylene," "alkenylene," "alkynylene," "heteroalkylene," "heteroalkenylene," and "heteroalkynylene" groups can be substituted or unsubstituted with one or more substituents described herein.

[0052] "Alkylene" refers to an alkyl group in which two hydrogens are removed to provide a divalent radical, which may be substituted or unsubstituted. Unsubstituted alkylene groups include, but are not limited to, methylene (-CH-), ethylene (-CHCH-), propylene (-CHCHCH-), butylene (-CHCHCHCHCH-), pentylene (-CHCHCHCHCHCH-), hexylene (-CHCHCHCHCHCHCH-), and the like. Exemplary substituted alkylene groups, for example substituted with one or more halo, -NO2, -OH, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 alkyl (e.g., methyl) groups, include substituted methylene (-CH(CH3)-, (-C(CH3)2-), substituted ethylene (-CH(CH3)CH2-, -CH2CH(CH3)-, -C(CH3)2CH2-, -CH2C(CH3)2-), substituted propylene (-CH(CH3)CH2CH2-, -CH2CH(CH3)CH2-, -CH2CH2CH(CH3)-, Examples of abbreviations for alkylene include, but are not limited to, -C(CH3)2CH2CH2-, -CH2C(CH3)2CH2-, -CH2CH2C(CH3)2-, or C1-C6 cycloalkyl. -(CH(CH2CH2CH3))-, -(CH(CH2CH2CH2CH3))-, -(CH2CH(CH2CH2CH2CH3))-, -(CH2CH2CH(CH2CH2CH2CH3))-, -(CH(CH3)CH2)-, -(CH(CH3)CH2CH2)-, Includes, but is not limited to, -(CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2)-, -(CH2CH(CH3)CH2)-, -(CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2)-, and -(CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2)-.

[0053] "Alkenyl" refers to the radical of a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, one or more carbon-carbon double bonds (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4 carbon-carbon double bonds), and optionally one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4 carbon-carbon triple bonds) ("C 2-20 In certain embodiments, the alkenyl does not contain any triple bonds. In some embodiments, the alkenyl group has 2 to 10 carbon atoms ("C 2-10 In some embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 9 carbon atoms ("C 2-9 In some embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 8 carbon atoms ("C 2-8 In some embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 7 carbon atoms ("C 2-7 In some embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 6 carbon atoms ("C 2-6 In some embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 5 carbon atoms ("C 2-5 In some embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 4 carbon atoms ("C 2-4 In some embodiments, the alkenyl group has 2 to 3 carbon atoms ("C 2-3In some embodiments, an alkenyl group has two carbon atoms (C alkenyl). The one or more carbon-carbon double bonds can be internal (such as 2-butenyl) or terminal (such as 1-butenyl). C 2-4 Examples of alkenyl groups include ethenyl (C2), 1-propenyl (C3), 2-propenyl (C3), 1-butenyl (C4), 2-butenyl (C4), butadienyl (C4), and the like. 2-6 Examples of alkenyl groups include the above-mentioned C 2-4 Alkenyl groups also include pentenyl (C5), pentadienyl (C5), hexenyl (C6), etc. Additional examples of alkenyl include heptenyl (C7), octenyl (C8), octatrienyl (C8), etc. Unless otherwise specified, each instance of an alkenyl group is independently optionally substituted, i.e., unsubstituted ("unsubstituted alkyl"), or is substituted with one or more substituents ("substituted alkyl"), for example, 1 to 5 substituents, 1 to 3 substituents, or 1 substituent. In certain embodiments, an alkenyl group is an unsubstituted C 2-10 In certain embodiments, the alkenyl group is a substituted C 2-10 It is alkenyl.

[0054] "Alkenylene" refers to an alkenyl group in which two hydrogens are removed to provide a divalent radical, which may be substituted or unsubstituted. Exemplary unsubstituted divalent alkenylene groups include, but are not limited to, ethenylene (-CH=CH-) and propenylene (e.g., -CH=CHCH-, -CH-CH=CH-). Exemplary substituted alkenylene groups, e.g., substituted with one or more alkyl (methyl) groups, include, but are not limited to, substituted ethylene (-C(CH)=CH-, -CH=C(CH)-), substituted propylene (e.g., -C(CH)=CHCH-, -CH=C(CH)CH-, -CH=CHCH(CH)-, -CH=CHC(CH)-, -CH(CH)-CH=CH-, -C(CH)-CH=CH-, -CH-C(CH)=CH-, -CH-CH=C(CH)-), and the like.

[0055] "Alkynyl" refers to the radical of a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4 carbon-carbon triple bonds), and optionally one or more carbon-carbon double bonds (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4 carbon-carbon double bonds) ("C 2-20 In certain embodiments, alkynyl does not contain any double bonds. In some embodiments, alkynyl groups have 2 to 10 carbon atoms ("C 2-10 In some embodiments, an alkynyl group has 2 to 9 carbon atoms ("C 2-9 In some embodiments, an alkynyl group has 2 to 8 carbon atoms ("C 2-8 In some embodiments, an alkynyl group has 2 to 7 carbon atoms ("C 2-7 In some embodiments, an alkynyl group has 2 to 6 carbon atoms ("C 2-6 In some embodiments, an alkynyl group has 2 to 5 carbon atoms ("C 2-5 In some embodiments, an alkynyl group has 2 to 4 carbon atoms ("C 2-4 In some embodiments, the alkynyl group has 2 to 3 carbon atoms ("C 2-3 In some embodiments, an alkynyl group has two carbon atoms (C alkynyl). The one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds can be internal (such as 2-butynyl) or terminal (such as 1-butynyl). C 2-4 Examples of alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl (C2), 1-propynyl (C3), 2-propynyl (C3), 1-butynyl (C4), 2-butynyl (C4), and the like. 2-6 Examples of alkenyl groups include the above-mentioned C 2-4Alkynyl groups also include pentynyl (C5), hexynyl (C6), etc. Additional examples of alkynyl include heptynyl (C7), octynyl (C8), etc. Unless otherwise specified, each instance of an alkynyl group is independently optionally substituted, i.e., unsubstituted (an "unsubstituted alkynyl") or is substituted with one or more substituents ("substituted alkynyl"), for example, 1 to 5 substituents, 1 to 3 substituents, or 1 substituent. In certain embodiments, an alkynyl group is an unsubstituted C 2-10 In certain embodiments, the alkynyl group is a substituted C 2-10 It is alkynyl.

[0056] "Alkynylene" refers to a straight-chain alkynyl group in which two hydrogens are removed to provide a divalent radical, which may be substituted or unsubstituted. Exemplary divalent alkynylene groups include, but are not limited to, substituted or unsubstituted ethynylene, substituted or unsubstituted propynylene, and the like.

[0057] As used herein, the term "heteroalkyl" refers to an alkyl group, as defined herein, further comprising one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4) heteroatoms (e.g., oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, boron, silicon, phosphorus) in the parent chain, where one or more heteroatoms are inserted between adjacent carbon atoms in the parent carbon chain and / or where one or more heteroatoms are inserted between a carbon atom and the parent molecule, i.e., between the points of attachment. In certain embodiments, a heteroalkyl group refers to a saturated group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms ("heteroC 1-10 In some embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms ("heteroC 1-9 In some embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms ("heteroC 1-8In some embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms ("heteroC 1-7 In some embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms ("heteroC 1-6 In some embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and 1 or 2 heteroatoms ("heteroC 1-5 In some embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and 1 or 2 heteroatoms ("heteroC 1-4 In some embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and 1 heteroatom ("heteroC 1-3 In some embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms and 1 heteroatom ("heteroC 1-2 In some embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 1 carbon atom and 1 heteroatom ("heteroC1 alkyl"). In some embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is a saturated group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and 1 or 2 heteroatoms ("heteroC 2-6 Unless otherwise specified, each instance of a heteroalkyl group is independently unsubstituted (an "unsubstituted heteroalkyl") or substituted (a "substituted heteroalkyl") with one or more substituents. In certain embodiments, a heteroalkyl group is an unsubstituted heteroC 1-10 In certain embodiments, the heteroalkyl group is a substituted heteroC 1-10 It is alkyl.

[0058] As used herein, the term "heteroalkenyl" refers to an alkenyl group, as defined herein, further comprising one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4) heteroatoms (e.g., oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, boron, silicon, phosphorus), where one or more heteroatoms are inserted between adjacent carbon atoms in the parent carbon chain and / or where one or more heteroatoms are inserted between a carbon atom and the parent molecule, i.e., between the points of attachment. In certain embodiments, a heteroalkenyl group refers to a group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms ("heteroalkenyl"). 2-10 In some embodiments, heteroalkenyl groups have 2 to 9 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms ("heteroC 2-9 In some embodiments, heteroalkenyl groups have 2 to 8 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms ("heteroC 2-8 In some embodiments, heteroalkenyl groups have 2 to 7 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms ("heteroC 2-7 In some embodiments, heteroalkenyl groups have 2 to 6 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms ("heteroC 2-6 In some embodiments, heteroalkenyl groups have 2 to 5 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1 or 2 heteroatoms ("heteroC 2-5 In some embodiments, heteroalkenyl groups have 2 to 4 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1 or 2 heteroatoms ("heteroC 2-4 In some embodiments, heteroalkenyl groups have 2 to 3 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and one heteroatom ("heteroC 2-3 In some embodiments, heteroalkenyl groups have 2 to 6 carbon atoms, at least one double bond, and 1 or 2 heteroatoms ("heteroC2-6 Unless otherwise specified, each instance of a heteroalkenyl group is independently unsubstituted (an "unsubstituted heteroalkenyl") or substituted (a "substituted heteroalkenyl") with one or more substituents. In certain embodiments, a heteroalkenyl group is an unsubstituted heteroC 2-10 In certain embodiments, the heteroalkenyl group is a substituted heteroC 2-10 It is alkenyl.

[0059] As used herein, the term "heteroalkynyl" refers to an alkynyl group, as defined herein, further comprising one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4) heteroatoms (e.g., oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, boron, silicon, phosphorus), wherein one or more heteroatoms are inserted between adjacent carbon atoms in the parent carbon chain and / or one or more heteroatoms are inserted between a carbon atom and the parent molecule, i.e., between the points of attachment. In certain embodiments, a heteroalkynyl group refers to a group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms ("heteroalkynyl"). 2-10 In some embodiments, heteroalkynyl groups have 2 to 9 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms ("heteroC 2-9 In some embodiments, heteroalkynyl groups have 2 to 8 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms ("heteroC 2-8 In some embodiments, heteroalkynyl groups have 2 to 7 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatoms ("heteroC 2-7 In some embodiments, heteroalkynyl groups have 2 to 6 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1, 2, or 3 heteroatoms ("heteroC 2-6 In some embodiments, heteroalkynyl groups have 2 to 5 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1 or 2 heteroatoms ("heteroC 2-5In some embodiments, heteroalkynyl groups have 2 to 4 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1 or 2 heteroatoms ("heteroC 2-4 In some embodiments, heteroalkynyl groups have 2 to 3 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and one heteroatom ("heteroC 2-3 In some embodiments, heteroalkynyl groups have 2 to 6 carbon atoms, at least one triple bond, and 1 or 2 heteroatoms ("heteroC 2-6 Unless otherwise specified, each instance of a heteroalkynyl group is independently unsubstituted (an "unsubstituted heteroalkynyl") or substituted (a "substituted heteroalkynyl") with one or more substituents. In certain embodiments, a heteroalkynyl group is an unsubstituted heteroC 2-10 In certain embodiments, the heteroalkynyl group is a substituted heteroC 2-10 It is alkynyl.

[0060] "Aryl" refers to a radical of a monocyclic or polycyclic (e.g., bicyclic or tricyclic) 4n+2 aromatic ring system (e.g., having 6, 10, or 14 pi electrons shared within the cyclic array) having 6 to 14 ring carbon atoms and 0 heteroatoms provided within the aromatic ring system ("C 6-14In some embodiments, an aryl group has 6 ring carbon atoms ("C6 aryl", e.g., phenyl). "Aryl" also includes ring systems in which the aryl ring, as defined herein, is fused to one or more carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl groups, where the radical or point of attachment is on the aryl ring; in such cases, the number of carbon atoms continues to designate the number of carbon atoms in the aryl ring system. Typical aryl groups include, but are not limited to, groups derived from aceanthrylene, acenaphthylene, acephenanthrylene, anthracene, azulene, benzene, chrysene, coronene, fluoranthene, fluorene, hexacene, hexaphene, hexalene, as-indacene, s-indacene, indane, indene, naphthalene, octacene, octaphene, octalene, ovalene, penta-2,4-diene, pentacene, pentalene, pentaphene, perylene, phenalene, phenanthrene, picene, pleiadene, pyrene, pyranthrene, rubicene, triphenylene, and trinaphthalene. In particular, aryl groups include phenyl, naphthyl, indenyl, and tetrahydronaphthyl. Unless otherwise specified, each example of an aryl group is independently optionally substituted, i.e., unsubstituted ("unsubstituted aryl"). or substituted with one or more substituents ("substituted aryl"). In certain embodiments, an aryl group is an unsubstituted C 6-14 In certain embodiments, the aryl group is a substituted C 6-14 It is aryl.

[0061] In certain embodiments, the aryl group is substituted with one or more groups selected from halo, C1-C8 alkyl, C1-C8 haloalkyl, cyano, hydroxy, C1-C8 alkoxy, and amino.

[0062] Representative examples of substituted aryl include: [ka]

[0063] In the formula, R 56 and R57 One of R may be hydrogen; 56 and R 57 At least one of the groups is independently selected from C1-C8 alkyl, C1-C8 haloalkyl, 4- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, alkanoyl, C1-C8 alkoxy, heteroaryloxy, alkylamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, NR 58 COR 59 , N.R. 58 SOR 59 , N.R. 58 SO2R 59 , COO alkyl, COO aryl, CONR 58 R 59 ,CONR 58 OR 59 , N.R. 58 R 59 , SO2NR 58 R 59 , S-alkyl, SO alkyl, SO alkyl, S aryl, SO aryl, SO aryl, or R 56 and R 57 are joined to form a cyclic ring (saturated or unsaturated) of 5 to 8 atoms, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S. R 60 and R 61 are independently hydrogen, C1-C8 alkyl, C1-C4 haloalkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocyclyl, C6-C 10 Aryl, substituted C6-C 10 It is aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, or substituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl.

[0064] "Fused aryl" refers to an aryl having two of its ring carbons in common with a second aryl or heteroaryl ring, or a carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl ring.

[0065] "Aralkyl" is a subset of alkyl and aryl, as defined herein, and refers to an optionally substituted alkyl group substituted by an optionally substituted aryl group.

[0066] "Heteroaryl" refers to the radical of a 5- to 10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic 4n+2 aromatic ring system (e.g., having 6 or 10 π electrons shared within the cyclic array) having ring carbon atoms and 1 to 4 ring heteroatoms provided in the aromatic ring system, each heteroatom being independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur ("5- to 10-membered heteroaryl"). In heteroaryl groups containing one or more nitrogen atoms, the point of attachment can be at a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom, valence permitting. Heteroaryl bicyclic ring systems can contain one or more heteroatoms in one or both rings. "Heteroaryl" includes ring systems, and heteroaryl rings as defined herein, fused to one or more carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl groups, where the point of attachment is on the heteroaryl ring; in such cases, the number of ring members continues to designate the number of ring members in the heteroaryl ring system. "Heteroaryl" also includes ring systems in which a heteroaryl ring, as defined above, is fused to one or more aryl groups, and the point of attachment can be on either the aryl ring or the heteroaryl ring; in such cases, the number of ring members designates the number of ring members in the fused (aryl / heteroaryl) ring system. For bicyclic heteroaryl groups in which one ring does not contain a heteroatom (e.g., indolyl, quinolinyl, carbazolyl, etc.), the point of attachment can be on either ring, i.e., the ring with a heteroatom (e.g., 2-indolyl) or the ring without a heteroatom (e.g., 5-indolyl).

[0067] In some embodiments, heteroaryl groups are 5- to 10-membered aromatic ring systems having ring carbon atoms and 1-4 ring heteroatoms provided in the aromatic ring system, each heteroatom being independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur ("5- to 10-membered heteroaryl"). In some embodiments, heteroaryl groups are 5- to 8-membered aromatic ring systems having ring carbon atoms and 1-4 ring heteroatoms provided in the aromatic ring system, each heteroatom being independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur ("5- to 8-membered heteroaryl"). In some embodiments, heteroaryl groups are 5- to 6-membered aromatic ring systems having ring carbon atoms and 1-4 ring heteroatoms provided in the aromatic ring system, each heteroatom being independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur ("5- to 6-membered heteroaryl"). In some embodiments, 5- to 6-membered heteroaryls have 1-3 ring heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. In some embodiments, 5- to 6-membered heteroaryls have 1-2 ring heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. In some embodiments, the 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl has one ring heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. Unless otherwise specified, each instance of a heteroaryl group is independently optionally substituted, i.e., unsubstituted ("unsubstituted heteroaryl"). or substituted with one or more substituents ("substituted heteroaryl"). In certain embodiments, a heteroaryl group is an unsubstituted 5-14 membered heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, a heteroaryl group is a substituted 5-14 membered heteroaryl.

[0068] Examples of 5-membered heteroaryl groups containing one heteroatom include, but are not limited to, pyrrolyl, furanyl, and thiophenyl. Exemplary 5-membered heteroaryl groups containing two heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, and isothiazolyl. Exemplary 5-membered heteroaryl groups containing three heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, and thiadiazolyl. Exemplary 5-membered heteroaryl groups containing four heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, tetrazolyl. Exemplary 6-membered heteroaryl groups containing one heteroatom include, but are not limited to, pyridinyl. Exemplary 6-membered heteroaryl groups containing two heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, and pyrazinyl. Exemplary 6-membered heteroaryl groups containing three or four heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, triazinyl and tetrazinyl, respectively.

[0069] Representative examples of heteroaryls include: [ka] wherein each Z is a carbonyl, N, NR 65 , O, and S; R 65 are independently hydrogen, C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocyclyl, C6-C 10 aryl, and 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl.

[0070] "Heteroaralkyl" is a subset of alkyl and heteroaryl, as defined herein, and refers to an optionally substituted alkyl group substituted by an optionally substituted heteroaryl group.

[0071] "Carbocyclyl" or "carbocyclic" means a ring system of 3 to 10 ring carbon atoms ("C 3-10In some embodiments, a carbocyclyl group has 3 to 8 ring carbon atoms ("C 3-8 In some embodiments, a carbocyclyl group has 3 to 6 ring carbon atoms ("C 3-6 In some embodiments, a carbocyclyl group has 3 to 6 ring carbon atoms ("C 3-6 In some embodiments, a carbocyclyl group has 5 to 10 ring carbon atoms ("C 5-10 carbocyclyl). Exemplary C 3-6 Carbocyclyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl (C), cyclopropenyl (C), cyclobutyl (C), cyclobutenyl (C), cyclopentyl (C), cyclopentenyl (C), cyclohexyl (C), cyclohexenyl (C), cyclohexadienyl (C), and the like. 3-8 As the carbocyclyl group, the aforementioned C 3-6 Examples of carbocyclyl groups include, but are not limited to, cycloheptyl (C7), cycloheptenyl (C7), cycloheptadienyl (C7), cycloheptatrienyl (C7), cyclooctyl (C8), cyclooctenyl (C8), bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl (C7), bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl (C8), and the like. 3-10 As the carbocyclyl group, the aforementioned C 3-8 Carbocyclyl groups, as well as cyclononyl (C9), cyclononenyl (C9), cyclodecyl (C 10 ), cyclodecenyl (C 10 ), octahydro-1H-indenyl (C9), decahydronaphthalenyl (C 10 ), spiro[4.5]decanyl (C 10As the foregoing examples illustrate, in certain embodiments, carbocyclyl groups comprise either monocyclic systems ("monocyclic carbocyclyl") or fused, bridged, or spiro ring systems, such as bicyclic systems ("bicyclic carbocyclyl"), and can be saturated or partially unsaturated. "Carbocyclyl" also includes ring systems, where a carbocyclyl ring, as defined herein, is fused to one or more aryl or heteroaryl groups, where the point of attachment is on the carbocyclyl ring; in such cases, the number of carbons continues to designate the number of carbons in the carbocyclyl ring system. Unless otherwise specified, each instance of a carbocyclyl group is independently optionally substituted, i.e., unsubstituted ("unsubstituted carbocyclyl"). or substituted with one or more substituents ("substituted carbocyclyl"). In certain embodiments, the carbocyclyl group is an unsubstituted C 3-10 In certain embodiments, the carbocyclyl group is a substituted C 3-10 It is a carbocyclyl.

[0072] In some embodiments, "carbocyclyl" refers to a monocyclic saturated carbocyclyl group having 3 to 10 ring carbon atoms ("C 3-10 Cycloalkyl In some embodiments, the cycloalkyl group has 3 to 8 ring carbon atoms ("C 3-8 In some embodiments, a cycloalkyl group has 3 to 6 ring carbon atoms ("C 3-6 In some embodiments, a cycloalkyl group has 5 to 6 ring carbon atoms ("C 5-6 In some embodiments, a cycloalkyl group has 5 to 10 ring carbon atoms ("C 5-10 Cycloalkyl). C 5-6 Examples of cycloalkyl groups include cyclopentyl (C5) and cyclohexyl (C5). 3-6 Examples of cycloalkyl groups include the aforementioned C 5-6 Cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl (C3) and cyclobutyl (C4). 3-8Examples of cycloalkyl groups include the aforementioned C 3-6 Cycloalkyl groups include cycloheptyl (C7) and cyclooctyl (C8). Unless otherwise specified, each instance of a cycloalkyl group is independently unsubstituted ("unsubstituted cycloalkyl"). or substituted with one or more substituents ("substituted cycloalkyl"). In certain embodiments, the cycloalkyl group is an unsubstituted C 3-10 In certain embodiments, the cycloalkyl group is a substituted C 3-10 It is cycloalkyl.

[0073] "Heterocyclyl" or "heterocyclic" refers to the radical of a 3- to 10-membered non-aromatic ring system having ring carbon atoms and 1 to 4 ring heteroatoms, each independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, boron, phosphorus, and silicon (a "3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl"). In heterocyclyl groups containing one or more nitrogen atoms, the point of attachment may be at a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom, valence permitting. Heterocyclyl groups may be either monocyclic (a "monocyclic heterocyclyl") or fused, bridged, or spiro ring systems, such as bicyclic systems (a "bicyclic heterocyclyl"), and may be saturated or partially unsaturated. Heterocyclyl bicyclic ring systems may contain one or more heteroatoms in one or both rings. "Heterocyclyl" also includes ring systems, where a heterocyclyl ring, as defined herein, is fused to one or more carbocyclyl groups, and the point of attachment is on either the carbocyclyl ring or the heterocyclyl ring, or on the ring system, and where a heterocyclyl ring, as defined herein, is fused to one or more aryl or heteroaryl groups, and the point of attachment is on the heterocyclyl ring, in such cases the number of ring members continues to designate the number of ring members in the heterocyclyl ring system. Unless otherwise specified, each instance of heterocyclyl is independently optionally substituted, i.e., unsubstituted ("unsubstituted heterocyclyl"). or substituted with one or more substituents ("substituted heterocyclyl"). In certain embodiments, the heterocyclyl group is an unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, the heterocyclyl group is a substituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl.

[0074] In some embodiments, a heterocyclyl group is a 5- to 10-membered non-aromatic ring system having ring carbon atoms and 1 to 4 ring heteroatoms, each independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, boron, phosphorus, and silicon (a "5- to 10-membered heterocyclyl"). In some embodiments, a heterocyclyl group is a 5- to 8-membered non-aromatic ring system having ring carbon atoms and 1 to 4 ring heteroatoms, each independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur (a "5- to 8-membered heterocyclyl"). In some embodiments, a heterocyclyl group is a 5- to 6-membered non-aromatic ring system having ring carbon atoms and 1 to 4 ring heteroatoms, each independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur (a "5- to 6-membered heterocyclyl"). In some embodiments, a 5- to 6-membered heterocyclyl has 1 to 3 ring heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. In some embodiments, the 5- to 6-membered heterocyclyl has 1 to 2 ring heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, hi some embodiments, the 5- to 6-membered heterocyclyl has 1 ring heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.

[0075] Examples of 3-membered heterocyclyl groups containing one heteroatom include, but are not limited to, azirdinyl, oxiranyl, and thiorenyl. Exemplary 4-membered heterocyclyl groups containing one heteroatom include, but are not limited to, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, and thietanyl. Exemplary 5-membered heterocyclyl groups containing one heteroatom include, but are not limited to, tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, dihydrothiophenyl, pyrrolidinyl, dihydropyrrolyl, and pyrrolyl-2,5-dione. Exemplary 5-membered heterocyclyl groups containing two heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, dioxolanyl, oxasulfuranyl, disulfuranyl, and oxazolidin-2-one. Exemplary 5-membered heterocyclyl groups containing three heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, triazolinyl, oxadiazolinyl, and thiadiazolinyl. Exemplary 6-membered heterocyclyl groups containing one heteroatom include, but are not limited to, piperidinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, dihydropyridinyl, and thianyl. Exemplary 6-membered heterocyclyl groups containing two heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, dithianyl, and dioxanyl. Exemplary 6-membered heterocyclyl groups containing two heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, triazinanyl. Exemplary 7-membered heterocyclyl groups containing one heteroatom include, but are not limited to, azepanyl, oxepanyl, and thiepanyl. Exemplary 8-membered heterocyclyl groups containing one heteroatom include, but are not limited to, azocanyl, oxecanyl, and thiocanyl. Exemplary 5-membered heterocyclyl groups fused to a C6 aryl ring (also referred to herein as a 5,6 bicyclic heterocycle) include, but are not limited to, indolinyl, isoindolinyl, dihydrobenzofuranyl, dihydrobenzothienyl, benzoxazolinonyl, etc. Exemplary 6-membered heterocyclyl groups fused to an aryl ring (also referred to herein as a 6,6 bicyclic heterocycle) include, but are not limited to, tetrahydroquinolinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, etc.

[0076] When used to describe a compound or a group present on a compound, "hetero" means that one or more carbon atoms in the compound or group are replaced by a nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur heteroatom. Hetero can apply to any of the above hydrocarbyl groups, such as alkyl having 1 to 5, especially 1 to 3, heteroatoms, e.g., heteroalkyl; cycloalkyl, e.g., heterocyclyl; aryl, e.g., heteroaryl; cycloalkenyl, e.g., cycloheteroalkenyl.

[0077] "Acyl" is the radical -C(O)R 20 refers to R 20 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, as defined herein. "Alkanoyl" is an acyl group, and R 20 is a group other than hydrogen. Representative acyl groups include formyl (-CHO), acetyl (-C(=O)CH3), cyclohexylcarbonyl, cyclohexylmethylcarbonyl, benzoyl (-C(=O)Ph), benzylcarbonyl (-C(=O)CH2Ph), -C(O)-C1-C8 alkyl, -C(O)-(CH2) t (C6-C 10 aryl), -C(O)-(CH2) t (5-10 membered heteroaryl), -C(O)-(CH2) t (C3-C 10 cycloalkyl), and -C(O)-(CH2) t (4-10 membered heterocyclyl), where t is an integer from 0 to 4. In certain embodiments, R 20 is C1-C8 alkyl substituted with halo or hydroxy, or C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, 4-10 membered heterocyclyl, C6-C 10Aryl, arylalkyl, 5-10 membered heteroaryl, or heteroarylalkyl, each of which is substituted with unsubstituted C1-C4 alkyl, halo, unsubstituted C1-C4 alkoxy, unsubstituted C1-C4 haloalkyl, unsubstituted C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl, or unsubstituted C1-C4 haloalkoxy or hydroxy.

[0078] "Alkoxy" is -OR 29 R refers to the group 29 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl. Particular alkoxy groups are methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, tert-butoxy, sec-butoxy, n-pentoxy, n-hexoxy, and 1,2-dimethylbutoxy. Particular alkoxy groups are lower alkoxy groups, i.e., alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Further particular alkoxy groups have 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

[0079] In certain embodiments, R 29 is amino, substituted amino, C6-C 10 Aryl, aryloxy, carboxyl, cyano, C3-C 10 A group having one or more substituents, for example, 1 to 5 substituents, and particularly 1 to 3 substituents, and particularly 1 substituent, selected from the group consisting of cycloalkyl, 4- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, halogen, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, hydroxyl, nitro, thioalkoxy, thioaryloxy, thiol, alkyl-S(O)-, aryl-S(O)-, alkyl-S(O)2-, and aryl-S(O)2-. Exemplary "substituted alkoxy" groups include -O-(CH2) t (C6-C 10 Aryl)-O-(CH2) t (5-10 membered heteroaryl), -O-(CH2) t (C3-C 10 cycloalkyl), and -O-(CH2)t (4-10 membered heterocyclyl), where t is an integer from 0 to 4, and any aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl group present can itself be substituted with unsubstituted C-C alkyl, halo, unsubstituted C-C alkoxy, unsubstituted C-C haloalkyl, unsubstituted C-C hydroxyalkyl, or unsubstituted C-C haloalkoxy or hydroxy. Particular exemplary "substituted alkoxy" are -OCF, -OCHCF, -OCHPh, -OCH-cyclopropyl, -OCHCHOH, and -OCHCHNMe.

[0080] "Amino" refers to the radical -NH2.

[0081] "Substituted amino" refers to a group of the formula -N(R 38 )2, where R 38 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, or an amino protecting group; R 38 At least one of R is not hydrogen. 38 are independently hydrogen, C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C8 alkenyl, C3-C8 alkynyl, C6-C 10 Aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, 4- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, or C3-C 10 cycloalkyl; or C1-C8 alkyl substituted with halo or hydroxy; C3-C8 alkenyl substituted with halo or hydroxy, C3-C8 alkynyl substituted with halo or hydroxy, or -(CH2) t (C6-C 10 aryl), -(CH2) t (5-10 membered heteroaryl), -(CH2) t (C3-C 10 cycloalkyl), or -(CH2) t(4-10 membered heterocyclyl), and t is an integer from 0 to 8, each of which is substituted by unsubstituted C1-C4 alkyl, halo, unsubstituted C1-C4 alkoxy, unsubstituted C1-C4 haloalkyl, unsubstituted C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl, or unsubstituted C1-C4 haloalkoxy or hydroxy, or both R 38 are linked to form an alkylene group.

[0082] Exemplary "substituted amino" groups include -NR 39 -C1-C8 alkyl, -NR 39 -(CH2) t (C6-C 10 aryl), -NR 39 -(CH2) t (5-10 membered heteroaryl), -NR 39 -(CH2) t (C3-C 10 cycloalkyl), and -NR 39 -(CH2) t (4- to 10-membered heterocyclyl), where t is an integer of 0 to 4, for example, 1 or 2, and each R 39 independently represent H or C1-C8 alkyl, and any alkyl group present may itself be substituted by halo, substituted or unsubstituted amino, or hydroxy, and any aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl group present may itself be substituted by unsubstituted C1-C4 alkyl, halo, unsubstituted C1-C4 alkoxy, unsubstituted C1-C4 haloalkyl, unsubstituted C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl, or unsubstituted C1-C4 haloalkyl or hydroxy. For the avoidance of doubt, the term "substituted amino" includes alkylamino, substituted alkylamino, alkylarylamino, substituted alkylarylamino, arylamino, substituted arylamino, dialkylamino, and substituted dialkylamino groups as defined below. Substituted amino includes both mono- and di-substituted amino groups.

[0083] "Carboxy" refers to the radical --C(O)OH.

[0084] "Cyano" refers to the radical -CN.

[0085] "Halo" or "halogen" refers to fluoro (F), chloro (Cl), bromo (Br), and iodo (I). In certain embodiments, a halo group is either fluoro or chloro.

[0086] "Hydroxy" refers to the radical --OH.

[0087] "Nitro" refers to the radical -NO2.

[0088] "Cycloalkylalkyl" refers to an alkyl radical in which the alkyl group is substituted with a cycloalkyl group. Typical cycloalkylalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclohexylmethyl, cycloheptylmethyl, cyclooctylmethyl, cyclopropylethyl, cyclobutylethyl, cyclopentylethyl, cyclohexylethyl, cycloheptylethyl, and cyclooctylethyl.

[0089] "Heterocyclylalkyl" refers to an alkyl radical in which the alkyl group is substituted with a heterocyclyl group. Typical heterocyclylalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, pyrrolidinylmethyl, piperidinylmethyl, piperazinylmethyl, morpholinylmethyl, pyrrolidinylethyl, piperidinylethyl, piperazinylethyl, morpholinylethyl, and the like.

[0090] A "nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl" group refers to a 4- to 7-membered non-aromatic cyclic group containing at least one nitrogen atom, for example, but not limited to, morpholine, piperidine (e.g., 2-piperidinyl, 3-piperidinyl, and 4-piperidinyl), pyrrolidine (e.g., 2-pyrrolidinyl and 3-pyrrolidinyl), azetidine, pyrrolidone, imidazoline, imidazolidinone, 2-pyrazoline, pyrazolidine, piperazine, and N-alkylpiperazines such as N-methylpiperazine. Specific examples include azetidine, piperidone, and piperazone.

[0091] "Thioketo" refers to the =S group.

[0092] Alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl groups defined herein are optionally substituted (e.g., "substituted" or "unsubstituted" alkyl, "substituted" or "unsubstituted" alkenyl, "substituted" or "unsubstituted" alkynyl, "substituted" or "unsubstituted" carbocyclyl, "substituted" or "unsubstituted" heterocyclyl, "substituted" or "unsubstituted" aryl, or "substituted" or "unsubstituted" heteroaryl group). In general, the term "substituted," whether preceded by the term "optionally," means that at least one hydrogen (e.g., a carbon or nitrogen atom) present on the group is replaced with a permissible substituent, e.g., a substituent that, upon substitution, results in a stable compound, e.g., a compound that does not spontaneously undergo transformation, such as by rearrangement, cyclization, elimination, or other reaction. Unless otherwise specified, a "substituted" group has a substituent at one or more substitutable positions of the group; and when more than one position in any given structure is substituted, the substituents are either the same or different at each position. The term "substituted" is intended to include substitution with all permissible substituents of organic compounds, including any of the substituents described herein, that result in the formation of a stable compound. The present disclosure contemplates any and all such combinations in order to arrive at a stable compound. For purposes of this disclosure, heteroatoms such as nitrogen may have hydrogen substituents and / or any suitable substituents described herein that satisfy the valence of the heteroatom and result in the formation of a stable moiety.

[0093] Exemplary carbon atom substituents include halogen, —CN, -NO2, -N3, -SO2H, -SO3H, -OH, -OR aa , -ON(R bb )2, -N(R bb )2, -N(R bb )3 + X - , -N(OR cc )R bb , -SH, -SR aa , -SSR cc , -C(=O)R aa、-CO2H、-CHO、-C(OR cc )2、-CO2R aa 、-OC(=O)R aa 、 -OCO2R aa 、-C(=O)N(R bb )2、-OC(=O)N(R bb )2、-NR bb C(=O)R aa 、-NR bb CO2R aa 、 -NR bb C(=O)N(R bb )2、-C(=NR bb )R aa 、-C(=NR bb )OR aa 、-OC(=NR bb )R aa 、-OC(=NR bb )OR aa 、 -C(=NR bb )N(R bb )2、-OC(=NR bb )N(R bb )2、-NR bb C(=NR bb )N(R bb )2、-C(=O)NR bb SO2R aa 、 -NR bb SO2R aa 、-SO2N(R bb )2、-SO2R aa 、-SO2OR aa 、-OSO2R aa 、-S(=O)R aa 、-OS(=O)R aa 、 -Si(R aa )3、-OSi(R aa )3-C(=S)N(R bb )2、-C(=O)SR aa 、-C(=S)SR aa 、-SC(=S)SR aa 、-SC(=O)SR aa 、-OC(=O)SR aa 、-SC(=O)OR aa, -SC(=O)R aa , -P(=O)2R aa , -OP(=O)2R aa , -P(=O)(R aa )2, -OP(=O)(R aa )2, -OP(=O)(OR cc )2, -P(=O)2N(R bb )2, -OP(=O)2N(R bb )2, -P(=O)(NR bb )2, -OP(=O)(NR bb )2, -NR bb P(=O)(OR cc )2, -NR bb P(=O)(NR bb )2, -P(R cc )2, -P(R cc )3, -OP(R cc )2, -OP(R cc )3, -B(R aa )2, -B(OR cc )2, -BR aa (OR cc ), C 1-10 Alkyl, C 1-10 Perhaloalkyl, C 2-10 Alkenyl, C 2-10 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, 3- to 14-membered heterocyclyl, C 6-14 Each alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl independently has 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 R dd or substituted with a group, Or two geminal hydrogens on a carbon atom are =O, =S, =NN(R bb )2, =NNR bb C(=O)R aa , =NNR bb C(=O)OR aa , =NNR bb S(=O)2R aa , =NR bb , or =NOR ccis substituted with a group R aa Each example of C 1-10 Alkyl, C 1-10 Perhaloalkyl, C 2-10 Alkenyl, C 2-10 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, 3- to 14-membered heterocyclyl, C 6-14 aryl, and 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, or two R aa groups join to form a 3- to 14-membered heterocyclyl or 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl ring, and each alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl independently contains 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 R dd is substituted with a group, R bb Each instance of is independently hydrogen, -OH, -OR aa , -N(R cc )2, -CN, -C(=O)R aa , -C(=O)N(R cc )2, -CO2R aa , -SO2R aa , -C(=NR cc ) OR aa , -C(=NR cc )N(R cc )2, -SO2N(R cc )2, -SO2R cc , -SO2OR cc , -SOR aa , -C(=S)N(R cc )2, -C(=O)SR cc , -C(=S)SR cc , -P(=O)2R aa , -P(=O)(R aa )2, -P(=O)2N(R cc )2, -P(=O)(NR cc )2, C 1-10 Alkyl, C 1-10 Perhaloalkyl, C 2-10 Alkenyl, C 2-10 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, 3- to 14-membered heterocyclyl, C 6-14aryl, and 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, or two R bb groups join to form a 3- to 14-membered heterocyclyl ring or a 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl ring, and each alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl independently contains 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 R dd is substituted with a group, R cc Each instance of is independently hydrogen, C 1-10 Alkyl, C 1-10 Perhaloalkyl, C 2-10 Alkenyl, C 2-10 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, 3- to 14-membered heterocyclyl, C 6-14 aryl, and 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, or two R cc groups join to form a 3- to 14-membered heterocyclyl or 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl ring, and each alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl independently contains 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 R dd is substituted with a group, R dd Each example may independently be a halogen, -CN, -NO2, -N3, -SO2H, -SO3H, -OH, -OR ee , -ON(R ff )2, -N(R ff )2, -N(R ff )3 + X - , -N(OR ee )R ff , -SH, -SR ee , -SSR ee , -C(=O)R ee , -CO2H, -CO2R ee , -OC(=O)R ee , -OCO2R ee , -C(=O)N(R ff )2, -OC(=O)N(R ff )2, -NR ff C(=O)R ee , -NRff CO2R ee , -NR ff C(=O)N(R ff )2, -C(=NR ff ) OR ee , -OC(=NR ff )R ee , -OC(=NR ff ) OR ee , -C(=NR ff )N(R ff )2, -OC(=NR ff )N(R ff )2, -NR ff C(=NR ff )N(R ff )2, -NR ff SO2R ee , -SO2N(R ff )2, -SO2R ee , -SO2OR ee , -OSO2R ee , -S(=O)R ee , -Si(R ee )3, -OSi(R ee )3, -C(=S)N(R ff )2, -C(=O)SR ee , -C(=S)SR ee , -SC(=S)SR ee , -P(=O)2R ee , -P(=O)(R ee )2, -OP(=O)(R ee )2, -OP(=O)(OR ee )2, C 1-6 Alkyl, C 1-6 Perhaloalkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, 3-10 membered heterocyclyl, C 6-10 aryl, and 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, each alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl independently having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 R gg or two geminal Rdd The substituents may be bonded to form =O or =S, R ee Each instance of 1-6 Alkyl, C 1-6 perhaloalkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, C 6-10 aryl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, and 3- to 10-membered heteroaryl, each alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl independently having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 R gg is substituted with a group, R ff Each instance of is independently hydrogen, C 1-6 Alkyl, C 1-6 Perhaloalkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, 3-10 membered heterocyclyl, C 6-10 aryl, and 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, or two R ff groups join to form a 3- to 14-membered heterocyclyl ring or a 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl ring, and each alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl independently contains 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 R gg is substituted with a group, R gg Each example is independently a halogen, -CN, -NO2, -N3, -SO2H, -SO3H, -OH, -OC 1-6 Alkyl, -ON(C 1-6 alkyl)2, -N(C 1-6 alkyl)2, -N(C 1-6 Alkyl)3 + X - , -NH(C 1-6 alkyl)2 + X - , -NH2(C 1-6 alkyl) + X - , -NH3+ X - , -N(OC 1-6 Alkyl)(C 1-6 alkyl), -N(OH)(C 1-6 alkyl), -NH(OH), -SH, -SC 1-6 Alkyl, -SS(C 1-6 alkyl), -C(=O)(C 1-6 alkyl), -CO2H, -CO2(C 1-6 alkyl), -OC(=O)(C 1-6 alkyl), -OCO2(C 1-6 alkyl), -C(=O)NH2, -C(=O)N(C 1-6 alkyl)2, -OC(=O)NH(C 1-6 alkyl), -NHC(=O)(C 1-6 alkyl), -N(C 1-6 alkyl)C(=O)(C 1-6 alkyl), -NHCO2(C 1-6 alkyl), -NHC(=O)N(C 1-6 alkyl)2, -NHC(=O)NH(C 1-6 alkyl), -NHC(=O)NH2, -C(=NH)O(C 1-6 alkyl), -OC(=NH)(C 1-6 alkyl), -OC(=NH)OC 1-6 Alkyl, -C(=NH)N(C 1-6 alkyl)2, -C(=NH)NH(C 1-6 alkyl), -C(=NH)NH2, -OC(=NH)N(C 1-6 alkyl)2, -OC(NH)NH(C 1-6 alkyl), -OC(NH)NH2, -NHC(NH)N(C 1-6 alkyl)2, -NHC(=NH)NH2, -NHSO2(C 1-6 alkyl), -SO2N(C 1-6 alkyl)2, -SO2NH(C 1-6 alkyl), -SO2NH2, -SO2C 1-6 Alkyl, -SO2OC 1-6 Alkyl, -OSO2C1-6 Alkyl, -SOC 1-6 Alkyl, -Si(C 1-6 alkyl)3, -OSi(C 1-6 Alkyl)3 -C(=S)N(C 1-6 alkyl)2, C(=S)NH(C 1-6 alkyl), C(=S)NH2, -C(=O)S(C 1-6 alkyl), -C(=S)SC 1-6 Alkyl, -SC(=S)SC 1-6 Alkyl, -P(=O)2(C 1-6 alkyl), -P(=O)(C 1-6 alkyl)2, -OP(=O)(C 1-6 alkyl)2, -OP(=O)(OC 1-6 Alkyl)2, C 1-6 Alkyl, C 1-6 Perhaloalkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, C 6-10 aryl, 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, or two geminal R gg The substituents can be bonded to form =O or =S, and X - is the counter ion.

[0094] A "counterion" or "anionic counterion" is a negatively charged group associated with a cationic quaternary amino group to maintain electron neutrality. Exemplary counterions include halide ions (e.g., F - , Cl - , Br - ,I - ), NO3 - , ClO4 - , O.H. - , H2PO4 - , HSO4 - , SO4 -2Examples of the cations include sulfonate ions (e.g., methanesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, 10-camphorsulfonate, naphthalene-2-sulfonate, naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid-5-sulfonate, ethane-1-sulfonic acid-2-sulfonate, etc.), and carboxylate ions (e.g., acetate, ethanoate, propanoate, benzoate, glycerate, lactate, tartrate, glycolate, etc.).

[0095] Nitrogen atoms can be substituted or unsubstituted where valence allows, and include primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary nitrogen atoms. Exemplary nitrogen atom substituents include hydrogen, -OH, -OR aa , -N(R cc )2, -CN, -C(=O)R aa , -C(=O)N(R cc )2, -CO2R aa , -SO2R aa , -C(=NR bb )R aa , -C(=NR cc ) OR aa , -C(=NR cc )N(R cc )2, -SO2N(R cc )2, -SO2R cc , -SO2OR cc , -SOR aa , -C(=S)N(R cc )2, -C(=O)SR cc , -C(=S)SR cc , -P(=O)2R aa , -P(=O)(R aa )2, -P(=O)2N(R cc )2, -P(=O)(NR cc )2, C 1-10 Alkyl, C 1-10 Perhaloalkyl, C 2-10 Alkenyl, C 2-10 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, 3- to 14-membered heterocyclyl, C 6-14aryl, and 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl, or two R cc groups join to form a 3- to 14-membered heterocyclyl ring or a 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl ring, and each alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl independently contains 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 R dd substituted with R aa , R bb , R cc , and R dd is as defined above.

[0096] Other definitions "Pharmaceutically acceptable" means approved or approvable by a regulatory agency of the Federal or State government, or a corresponding agency in a country other than the United States, or listed in the United States Pharmacopeia or other generally recognized pharmacopeia for use in animals, and more particularly in humans.

[0097] "Pharmaceutically acceptable salts" refers to salts of the compounds disclosed herein that are pharmaceutically acceptable and that possess the desired pharmacological activity of the parent compound. Specifically, such salts are non-toxic and can be inorganic or organic acid addition salts and base addition salts. Specifically, such salts include (1) salts formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like, or with acetic acid, propionic acid, hexanoic acid, cyclopentanepropionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxybenzoic acid)benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1,2-ethane-disulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, 4-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-toluenesulfonic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, 4-methylbis(2-methyl- ... (2) acid addition salts formed with organic acids such as chloro[2.2.2]-oct-2-ene-1-carboxylic acid, glucoheptonic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, trimethylacetic acid, tertiary butylbutyric acid, lauryl sulfuric acid, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, salicylic acid, stearic acid, muconic acid, and the like; or (3) salts formed when an acidic proton present in the parent compound is either replaced by a metal ion, e.g., an alkali metal ion, alkaline earth ion, or aluminum ion, or coordinated with an organic base such as ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-methylglucamine, and the like. Salts further include, by way of example only, salts of non-toxic organic or inorganic acids such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, tetraalkylammonium, and the like, and, if the compound contains a basic functional group, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, tartrate, mesylate, acetate, maleate, oxalate, and the like. The term "pharmaceutically acceptable cation" refers to an acceptable cationic counterion of an acidic functional group. Such cations are exemplified by sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, tetraalkylammonium cations, and the like.See, e.g., Berge, et al., J. Pharm. Sci. (1977) 66(1):1-79.

[0098] "Pharmaceutically acceptable carrier" refers to compositions, carriers, diluents, and reagents that are pharmaceutically acceptable materials that can be administered to or by a subject. A pharmaceutically acceptable carrier may be involved in carrying or transporting the subject agent from one organ or part of the body to another. The carrier may be in the form of a solid, semi-solid, or liquid diluent, cream, or capsule. The active ingredient may be mixed with an excipient that is pharmaceutically acceptable, compatible with the active ingredient, and in an amount suitable for use in the therapeutic methods described herein. Suitable excipients are, for example, water, saline, dextrose, glycerol, ethanol, and the like, and combinations thereof.

[0099] "Subjects" to which administration is contemplated include, but are not limited to, human subjects (i.e., male or female of any age group, e.g., pediatric subjects (e.g., infants, children, adolescents) or adult subjects (e.g., young adults, middle-aged adults, or elderly adults)), and / or non-human animals, e.g., mammals such as primates (e.g., cynomolgus monkeys, rhesus monkeys), cows, pigs, horses, sheep, goats, rodents, cats, and / or dogs. In certain embodiments, the subject is a human. In certain embodiments, the subject is a non-human animal. The terms "human," "patient," and "subject" are used interchangeably herein.

[0100] Disease, disorder, and condition are used interchangeably herein.

[0101] As used herein, the terms "treat," "treating," or "treatment" include reversing, alleviating, or halting the symptoms, clinical signs, and underlying pathology of a condition in a manner that improves or stabilizes the subject's condition. As used herein and as is well known in the art, "treatment" is an approach to obtaining beneficial or desired results, including clinical results. Beneficial or desired clinical results can include, but are not limited to, alleviation, improvement, reduction in severity, or delay in progression of one or more symptoms or conditions associated with a condition, whether detectable or undetectable, reduction in the extent of the disease, stabilization of the disease state (i.e., not worsening), delay or slowing of disease progression, improvement or palliation of the condition, and remission (partial or complete). "Treatment" can also mean prolonging survival compared to expected survival if not receiving treatment. Exemplary beneficial clinical results are described herein.

[0102] As used herein, unless otherwise specified, the terms "prophylactic," "prevention," and variations thereof contemplate an effect that occurs before a subject begins to suffer from the specified disease, disorder, or condition.

[0103] Generally, the "effective amount" of a compound refers to an amount sufficient to induce a desired biological response. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the effective amount of the compounds of the present disclosure may vary depending on factors such as the desired biological endpoint, the pharmacokinetics of the compound, the disease to be treated, the mode of administration, and the age, weight, health, and condition of the subject. The effective amount encompasses both therapeutic and prophylactic treatment.

[0104] The terms "pharmaceutically effective amount," "therapeutically effective amount," or "therapeutically effective dose" refer to an amount sufficient to treat a patient's disease, e.g., effect a beneficial and / or desirable change in the health of a patient suffering from a disease, cure, inhibit or ameliorate a physiological response or condition, or delay or minimize one or more symptoms associated with a disease, disorder, or condition. The full therapeutic effect does not necessarily occur by administration of a single dose, but may occur only after administration of a series of doses. Thus, a therapeutically effective amount may be administered in one or more administrations. The precise effective amount required for a subject will depend, for example, on the subject's size, health, and age, the nature and extent of the disease, the therapeutic agent or combination of therapeutic agents selected for administration, and the mode of administration. One of ordinary skill in the art can readily determine the effective amount for a given situation by routine experimentation. The terms "pharmaceutically effective amount," "therapeutically effective amount," or "therapeutically effective dose" also refer to the amount required to improve a patient's clinical symptoms. A therapeutically effective amount of a compound also refers to the amount of a therapeutic agent that, alone or in combination with other therapies, provides a therapeutic benefit in the treatment of a disease, disorder, or condition. The term "therapeutically effective amount" can encompass an amount that improves overall therapy, reduces or avoids the symptoms or causes of a disease or condition, or enhances the therapeutic effectiveness of another therapeutic agent.

[0105] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, a "prophylactically effective amount" of a compound is an amount sufficient to prevent a disease, disorder, or condition, or one or more symptoms associated with the disease, disorder, or condition, or an amount sufficient to prevent its recurrence. A prophylactically effective amount of a compound means an amount of a therapeutic agent, alone or in combination with other agents, that provides a prophylactic benefit in the prevention of the disease, disorder, or condition. The term "prophylactically effective amount" can encompass an amount that improves overall prophylaxis or enhances the prophylactic effectiveness of another prophylactic agent.

[0106] As used herein, and unless otherwise specified, "pharmacokinetics" may be defined as the study of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of a drug in the body. "Pharmacokinetics" may also be defined as the characteristic interactions of a drug with the body in terms of its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, or the branch of pharmacology that pertains to the way drugs are taken up, moved into, and eliminated from the body.

[0107] "Administering" or "administration of" a substance, compound, or agent to a subject can be performed using one of a variety of methods known to those of skill in the art. For example, a compound or agent can be administered intravenously, intraarterially, intradermally, intramuscularly, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, intraocularly, sublingually, orally (by ingestion), intranasally (by inhalation), intraspinally, intracerebrally, and transdermally (by absorption, e.g., through the skin tract). The compound or agent may be administered in a single dose. The compound or agent may also be suitably delivered via rechargeable or biodegradable polymeric or other devices, e.g., patches and pumps, or formulations that provide extended, delayed, or controlled release of the compound or agent. Administration may be performed, for example, once, multiple times, and / or over one or more extended periods of time. In some embodiments, administration includes both direct administration, including self-administration, and indirect administration, including the act of prescribing a drug. For example, as used herein, a physician administers a drug to a patient by instructing the patient to self-administer the drug or have the drug administered by another person and / or by providing the patient with a prescription for the drug. When the method is part of a treatment regimen involving more than one agent or therapeutic modality, the present disclosure contemplates that the agents may be administered at the same or different times and via the same or different routes of administration. An appropriate method for administering a substance, compound, or agent to a subject will also depend, for example, on the age of the subject, whether the subject is active or inactive at the time of administration, whether the subject is cognitively impaired at the time of administration, the degree of impairment, and the chemical and biological properties of the compound or agent (e.g., solubility, digestibility, bioavailability, stability, and toxicity).

[0108] As generally described herein, the present disclosure provides compounds useful for the prevention and / or treatment of a wide range of disorders, including, but not limited to, NMDA receptor-mediated disorders. These compounds are expected to exhibit improved in vivo efficacy, pharmacokinetic (PK) properties, oral bioavailability, formulation, stability, and / or safety compared to other compounds.

[0109] compound In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (AI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R 2a and R 2b each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 is a carbocyclyl, R 5 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 6 is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 9 is absent or hydrogen, or R 9 and R 11a together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl, R 11ais hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 11b is absent or hydrogen, or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group, R 15 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R 16 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl, R 18 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A18 and R A18 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 19 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A19 and R A19Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 20a But halogen, cyano, substituted C 1-6 Alkyl, unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 is a carbocyclyl, R 20b is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl or Or R 20a and R 20b But both are simultaneously -CH3, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R 23a and R 23b each instance of is independently hydrogen or fluorine; R 24a is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 24b is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; Or R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; s is 1, 2, or 3; each [ka] independently represent a single bond or a double bond, provided that when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R 5 is absent and the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond, R 9 and R 11b is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0110] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is a compound of formula (A-II): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0111] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II) is a compound of Formula (A-II-1) or Formula (A-II-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0112] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-1) is a compound of Formula (A-II-1-A) or Formula (A-II-1-B): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0113] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-1-A) is a compound of Formula (A-II-1-A-1) or Formula (A-II-1-A-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0114] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-1-A-1) is a compound of Formula (A-II-1-A-1-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0115] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-1-A-1-a) is a compound of Formula (A-II-1-A-1-ai) or (A-II-1-A-1-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0116] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-1-A-1-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-II-1-A-1-a-iii) or (A-II-1-A-1-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0117] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-II-1-A-1-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-II-1-A-1-av) or (A-II-1-A-1-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0118] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-II-1-A-2) is a compound of formula (A-II-1-A-2-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0119] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-1-A-2-a) is a compound of Formula (A-II-1-A-2-ai) or (A-II-1-A-2-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0120] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-1-A-2-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-II-1-A-2-a-iii) or (A-II-1-A-2-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0121] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-II-1-A-2-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-II-1-A-2-av) or (A-II-1-A-2-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0122] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-1-B) is a compound of Formula (A-II-1-B-1) or Formula (A-II-1-B-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0123] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-1-B-1) is a compound of Formula (A-II-1-B-1-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0124] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-1-B-1-a) is a compound of Formula (A-II-1-B-1-ai) or (A-II-1-B-1-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0125] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-1-B-1-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-II-1-B-1-a-iii) or (A-II-1-B-1-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0126] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-II-1-B-1-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-II-1-B-1-av) or (A-II-1-B-1-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0127] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-II-1-B-2) is a compound of formula (A-II-1-B-2-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0128] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-1-B-2-a) is a compound of Formula (A-II-1-B-2-ai) or (A-II-1-B-2-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0129] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-1-B-2-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-II-1-B-2-a-iii) or (A-II-1-B-2-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0130] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-II-1-B-2-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-II-1-B-2-av) or (A-II-1-B-2-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0131] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-2) is a compound of Formula (A-II-2-A) or Formula (A-II-2-B): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0132] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-2-A) is a compound of Formula (A-II-2-A-1) or Formula (A-II-2-A-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0133] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-II-2-A-1) is a compound of formula (A-II-2-A-1-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0134] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-2-A-1-a) is a compound of Formula (A-II-2-A-1-ai) or (A-II-2-A-1-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0135] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-2-A-1-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-II-2-A-1-a-iii) or (A-II-2-A-1-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0136] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-II-2-A-1-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-II-2-A-1-av) or (A-II-2-A-1-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0137] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-II-2-A-2) is a compound of formula (A-II-2-A-2-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0138] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-2-A-2-a) is a compound of Formula (A-II-2-A-2-ai) or (A-II-2-A-2-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0139] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-2-A-2-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-II-2-A-2-a-iii) or (A-II-2-A-2-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0140] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-II-2-A-2-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-II-2-A-2-av) or (A-II-2-A-2-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0141] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-2-B) is a compound of Formula (A-II-2-B-1) or Formula (A-II-2-B-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0142] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-II-2-B-1) is a compound of formula (A-II-2-B-1-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0143] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-2-B-1-a) is a compound of Formula (A-II-2-B-1-ai) or (A-II-2-B-1-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0144] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-2-B-1-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-II-2-B-1-a-iii) or (A-II-2-B-1-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0145] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-II-2-B-1-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-II-2-B-1-av) or (A-II-2-B-1-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0146] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-2-B-2) is a compound of Formula (A-II-2-B-2-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0147] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-2-B-2-a) is a compound of Formula (A-II-2-B-2-ai) or (A-II-2-B-2-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0148] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-II-2-B-2-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-II-2-B-2-a-iii) or (A-II-2-B-2-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0149] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-II-2-B-2-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-II-2-B-2-av) or (A-II-2-B-2-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0150] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is a compound of formula (A-III): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0151] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III) is a compound of Formula (A-III-1) or Formula (A-III-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0152] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-1) is a compound of Formula (A-III-1-A) or Formula (A-III-1-B): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0153] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-1-A) is a compound of Formula (A-III-1-A-1) or Formula (A-III-1-A-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0154] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-1-A-1) is a compound of Formula (A-III-1-A-1-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0155] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-1-A-1-a) is a compound of Formula (A-III-1-A-1-ai) or (A-III-1-A-1-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0156] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-1-A-1-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-III-1-A-1-a-iii) or (A-III-1-A-1-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0157] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-III-1-A-1-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-III-1-A-1-av) or (A-III-1-A-1-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0158] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-III-1-A-2) is a compound of formula (A-III-1-A-2-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0159] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-1-A-2-a) is a compound of Formula (A-III-1-A-2-ai) or (A-III-1-A-2-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0160] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-1-A-2-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-III-1-A-2-a-iii) or (A-III-1-A-2-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0161] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-III-1-A-2-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-III-1-A-2-av) or (A-III-1-A-2-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0162] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-1-B) is a compound of Formula (A-III-1-B-1) or Formula (A-III-1-B-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0163] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-1-B-1) is a compound of Formula (A-III-1-B-1-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0164] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-1-B-1-a) is a compound of Formula (A-III-1-B-1-ai) or (A-III-1-B-1-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0165] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-1-B-1-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-III-1-B-1-a-iii) or (A-III-1-B-1-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0166] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-III-1-B-1-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-III-1-B-1-av) or (A-III-1-B-1-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0167] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-III-1-B-2) is a compound of formula (A-III-1-B-2-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0168] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-1-B-2-a) is a compound of Formula (A-III-1-B-2-ai) or (A-III-1-B-2-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0169] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-1-B-2-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-III-1-B-2-a-iii) or (A-III-1-B-2-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0170] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-III-1-B-2-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-III-1-B-2-av) or (A-III-1-B-2-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0171] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-2) is a compound of Formula (A-III-2-A) or Formula (A-III-2-B): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0172] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-2-A) is a compound of Formula (A-III-2-A-1) or Formula (A-III-2-A-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0173] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-III-2-A-1) is a compound of formula (A-III-2-A-1-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0174] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-2-A-1-a) is a compound of Formula (A-III-2-A-1-ai) or (A-III-2-A-1-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0175] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-2-A-1-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-III-2-A-1-a-iii) or (A-III-2-A-1-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0176] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-III-2-A-1-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-III-2-A-1-av) or (A-III-2-A-1-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0177] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-III-2-A-2) is a compound of formula (A-III-2-A-2-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0178] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-2-A-2-a) is a compound of Formula (A-III-2-A-2-ai) or (A-III-2-A-2-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0179] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-2-A-2-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-III-2-A-2-a-iii) or (A-III-2-A-2-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0180] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-III-2-A-2-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-III-2-A-2-av) or (A-III-2-A-2-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0181] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-2-B) is a compound of Formula (A-III-2-B-1) or Formula (A-III-2-B-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0182] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-III-2-B-1) is a compound of formula (A-III-2-B-1-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0183] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-2-B-1-a) is a compound of Formula (A-III-2-B-1-ai) or (A-III-2-B-1-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0184] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-2-B-1-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-III-2-B-1-a-iii) or (A-III-2-B-1-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0185] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-III-2-B-1-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-III-2-B-1-av) or (A-III-2-B-1-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0186] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-III-2-B-2) is a compound of formula (A-III-2-B-2-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0187] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-2-B-2-a) is a compound of Formula (A-III-2-B-2-ai) or (A-III-2-B-2-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0188] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (A-III-2-B-2-ai) is a compound of Formula (A-III-2-B-2-a-iii) or (A-III-2-B-2-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0189] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-III-2-B-2-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-III-2-B-2-av) or (A-III-2-B-2-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0190] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is a compound of formula (A-IV) or (AV): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0191] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV) is a compound of formula (A-IV-A) or (A-IV-B): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0192] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-A) is a compound of formula (A-IV-A-1) or (A-IV-A-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0193] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-A-1) is a compound of formula (A-IV-A-1-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0194] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-A-1-a) is a compound of formula (A-IV-A-1-ai) or (A-IV-A-1-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0195] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-A-1-ai) is a compound of formula (A-IV-A-1-a-iii) or (A-IV-A-1-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0196] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-A-1-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-IV-A-1-av) or (A-IV-A-1-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0197] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-A-2) is a compound of formula (A-IV-A-2-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0198] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-A-2-a) is a compound of formula (A-IV-A-2-ai) or (A-IV-A-2-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0199] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-A-2-ai) is a compound of formula (A-IV-A-2-a-iii) or (A-IV-A-2-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0200] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-A-2-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-IV-A-2-av) or (A-IV-A-2-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0201] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-B) is a compound of formula (A-IV-B-1) or (A-IV-B-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0202] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-B-1) is a compound of formula (A-IV-B-1-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0203] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-B-1-a) is a compound of formula (A-IV-B-1-ai) or (A-IV-B-1-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0204] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-B-1-ai) is a compound of formula (A-IV-B-1-a-iii) or (A-IV-B-1-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0205] In some embodiments, Formula (A-IV-B-1-a-ii) is a compound of Formula (A-IV-B-1-av) or (A-IV-B-1-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0206] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-B-2) is a compound of formula (A-IV-B-2-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0207] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-B-2-a) is a compound of formula (A-IV-B-2-ai) or (A-IV-B-2-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0208] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-B-2-ai) is a compound of formula (A-IV-B-2-a-iii) or (A-IV-B-2-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0209] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-IV-B-2-a-ii) is a compound of formula (A-IV-B-2-av) or (A-IV-B-2-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0210] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AV) is a compound of formula (AVA) or (AVB): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0211] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVA) is a compound of formula (AVA-1) or (AVA-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0212] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVA-1) is a compound of formula (AVA-1-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0213] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVA-1-a) is a compound of formula (AVA-1-ai) or (AVA-1-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0214] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVA-1-ai) is a compound of formula (AVA-1-a-iii) or (AVA-1-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0215] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVA-1-a-ii) is a compound of formula (AVA-1-av) or (AVA-1-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0216] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVA-2) is a compound of formula (AVA-2-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0217] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVA-2-a) is a compound of formula (AVA-2-ai) or (AVA-2-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0218] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVA-2-ai) is a compound of formula (AVA-2-a-iii) or (AVA-2-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0219] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVA-2-a-ii) is a compound of formula (AVA-2-av) or (AVA-2-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0220] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVB) is a compound of formula (AVB-1) or (AVB-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0221] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVB-1) is a compound of formula (AVB-1-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0222] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVB-1-a) is a compound of formula (AVB-1-ai) or (AVB-1-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0223] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVB-1-ai) is a compound of formula (AVB-1-a-iii) or (AVB-1-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0224] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVB-1-a-ii) is a compound of formula (AVB-1-av) or (AVB-1-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0225] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVB-2) is a compound of formula (AVB-2-a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0226] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVB-2-a) is a compound of formula (AVB-2-ai) or (AVB-2-a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0227] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVB-2-ai) is a compound of formula (AVB-2-a-iii) or (AVB-2-a-iv): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0228] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AVB-2-a-ii) is a compound of formula (AVB-2-av) or (AVB-2-a-vi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0229] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is a compound of formula (A-VI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0230] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is a compound of formula (A-VII): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0231] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is a compound of formula (A-VIII): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0232] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is a compound of formula (A-IX): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0233] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is a compound of formula (AX): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: R 25a is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 25b is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R25a and R 25b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl, R 3 , R 6 , R 15 , R 16 , R 19 , and R 20a is as defined herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0234] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is a compound of formula (A-XI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: R 25a is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 selected from the group consisting of aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 25b is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 25a and R 25b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl, R3 , R 6 , R 15 , R 16 , R 19 , and R 20a is as defined herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0235] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is a compound of formula (A-XII): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: R 25a is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 25b is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 25a and R 25b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl, R 3 , R 6 , R 15 , R 16 , R 19 , and R 20a is as defined herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0236] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (A-XII) is a compound of formula (A-XII-A) or (A-XII-B): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0237] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is a compound of formula (A-XIII): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: R 25a is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 25b is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 25a and R 25b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl, R 3 , R 6 , R 19 , and R 20ais as defined herein, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0238] base R 2a and R 2b - when they relate to formulae (AI) to (A-XIII) In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b are each independently hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b Each of R is hydrogen. 2a and R 2b Each of R is independently a halogen, e.g., fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo. In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b Each of R is independently fluoro or chloro. 2a and R 2b each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, for example, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b is independently -CH, -CHCH, -CHCHCH, or cyclopropyl. 2a and R 2b Each of the following may independently be -OR A2 In certain embodiments, R A2 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R A2is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R A2 is hydrogen, -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3, i.e., R 2a or R 2b groups are each independently provided with formula -OH, -OCH, -OCHCH, or -OCHCHCH. In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b is a non-hydrogen substituent in the alpha configuration. 2a and R 2b One of the is a non-hydrogen substituent in the beta configuration.

[0239] In some embodiments, R 2a and R 2b Each of is hydrogen.

[0240] R 3 Group - when it relates to formulae (AI) to (A-XIII) In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, i.e., a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl.

[0241] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 It is a carbocyclyl.

[0242] In certain embodiments, R3 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 An exemplary R is alkyl. 3 C 1-6 Alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, substituted or unsubstituted methyl (C1), ethyl (C2), n-propyl (C3), isopropyl (C3), n-butyl (C4), tert-butyl (C4), sec-butyl (C4), iso-butyl (C4), n-pentyl (C5), 3-pentanyl (C5), amyl (C5), neopentyl (C5), 3-methyl-2-butanyl (C5), tertiary amyl (C5), n-hexyl (C6), C substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more fluoro groups. 1-6 alkyl (e.g., -CF3, -CH2F, -CHF2, difluoroethyl, and 2,2,2-trifluoro-1,1-dimethyl-ethyl), C substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more chloro groups; 1-6 C substituted with alkyl (e.g., -CH2Cl, -CHCl2) and alkoxy groups 1-6 alkyl (e.g., —CH2OCH3, —CH2OCH2CH3, —CH2O-cyclopropyl). In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substitution C 1-6 alkyl, e.g., R 3 is C 1-6 Haloalkyl, C 1-6 Alkoxyalkyl, or C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 3 is Me, Et, n-Pr, n-Bu, i-Bu, fluoromethyl, chloromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, trifluoroethyl, difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoro-1,1-dimethyl-ethyl, methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, or ethoxymethyl.

[0243] In certain embodiments, R 3 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 3 is -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3. In some embodiments, R 3 is -CH2CH3.

[0244] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a C substituted with one or more fluorine atoms 1-6 alkyl, e.g., R 3 is —CH2F, —CHF2, or —CF3.

[0245] In certain embodiments, R 3 is one or more -OR A3 C substituted with a group 1-6 alkyl, and R A3 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is -CH2OR A3 For example, R A3 is hydrogen, -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3.

[0246] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethenyl (C2), propenyl (C3), or butenyl (C4), which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or hydroxyl; In certain embodiments, R 3is ethenyl, propenyl, or butenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or hydroxy. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethenyl.

[0247] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 alkynyl. Exemplary substituted or unsubstituted R 3 Alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, propynyl, or butynyl, which are unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl, halo, haloalkyl (e.g., CF), alkoxyalkyl, cycloalkyl (e.g., cyclopropyl or cyclobutyl), or hydroxyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is selected from the group consisting of trifluoroethynyl, cyclopropylethynyl, cyclobutylethynyl, and propynyl, fluoropropynyl, and chloroethynyl. 3 is ethynyl (C2), propynyl (C3), or butynyl (C4), which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl, and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl; In certain embodiments, R 3 is substituted with substituted phenyl, ethynyl (C2), propynyl (C3), or butynyl (C4) In certain embodiments, the phenyl substituent is further substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, alkyl, trifluoroalkyl, alkoxy, acyl, amino, or amido. 3is ethynyl (C2), propynyl (C3), or butynyl (C4) substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazoyl, thiazolyl, isoxazoyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, or tetrazolyl; is.

[0248] In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl, propynyl, or butynyl, unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or hydroxyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with unsubstituted phenyl or substituted with halo, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, or acyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl. 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyridinyl, or pyrimidinyl. 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazoyl, thiazolyl, isoxazoyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, tetrazolyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, R 3is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, or mofolinyl. 3 is propynyl or butynyl substituted with hydroxyl or alkoxy. In certain embodiments, R 3 is propynyl or butynyl substituted with methoxy or ethoxy. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with chloro. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with trifluoromethyl.

[0249] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cyclobutyl.

[0250] base R 5 and R 6 - when they relate to formulae (AI) to (A-XIII) In some embodiments, R 5 is in the alpha or beta configuration. In certain embodiments, R 5 is in the alpha configuration. In certain embodiments, R 5 In some embodiments, when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R 5 In some embodiments, the bond between C5 and C6 is a single bond and R 5 is hydrogen in the alpha configuration.

[0251] In certain embodiments, R5 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is halogen. In some embodiments, R 5 is a substitution C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 5 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is an unsubstituted C alkyl. In some embodiments, R 5 is -CH3.

[0252] In certain embodiments, R 6 is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R 6 is halogen, for example, fluoro. In certain embodiments, R 6 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R 6 is —CH or —CF. In certain embodiments, R6 is hydrogen, -CH3, or -F.

[0253] base R 9 , R 11a , and R 11b - when they relate to formulae (AI) to (A-XIII) In certain embodiments, R 9 is absent or hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 9 is hydrogen. In some embodiments, when the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond, R 9 In some embodiments, the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond and R 9 is non-existent, and R 11a is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, and -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b is absent or hydrogen. In some embodiments, the bond between C9 and C11 is a single bond and R 9 is hydrogen and R 11a is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b is absent or hydrogen.

[0254] In certain embodiments, R 11a is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b is absent or hydrogen, or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group.

[0255] In certain embodiments, R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group.

[0256] In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR A11 and R 11b is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR A11 and R 11a is in the alpha or beta configuration. In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR A11 and R 11a is in the alpha configuration. In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR A11 and R 11a is in the beta configuration. In certain embodiments, R A11 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R A11 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R A11 is hydrogen, —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 , or —CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , i.e. a group R of formula —OH, —OCH 3 , —OCH 2 CH 3 , or —OCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 11a to provide.

[0257] In some embodiments, R 11b is absent or hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 11b is hydrogen. In some embodiments, the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond and R 11b is non-existent.

[0258] In some embodiments, R11a and R 11b Each of is hydrogen.

[0259] In some embodiments, R 9 and R 11a together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Forms a carbocyclyl.

[0260] base R 15 and R 16 - when they relate to formulae (AI) to (A-XIII) In certain embodiments, R 15 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, R 15 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In certain embodiments, R 15 is hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 15 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 15 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 15 is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 15 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 15 is substituted with substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. In some embodiments, R 15 is unsubstituted cyclopropyl. In some embodiments, R 15 is hydrogen, —CH 3 , or cyclopropyl.

[0261] In certain embodiments, R 16 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, R 16 is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 16 is hydrogen or —CH. In some embodiments, R 16 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R 16 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 16 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 16 is -CH3.

[0262] In certain embodiments, R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. In some embodiments, R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an unsubstituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. In some embodiments, R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an unsubstituted cyclopropyl.

[0263] base R 18 and R 19 - when they relate to formulae (AI) to (A-XIII) In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A18 and R A18 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen, unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A18 C replaced by 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A18 and R A18 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen, unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A18 C replaced by 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A18 and R A18 Each instance of is independently an unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is —CH, —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 18 is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 18 is —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 18 is a substitution C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is one or more OR A18 C replaced by 1-6 alkyl, and R A18 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is OR A18 C replaced by 1-6 alkyl, and R A18is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 -OR A18 , R A18 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen, —CH, —CHOCH, —OCH, —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen, —CH2OCH3, —OCH3, —CH2CH3, or —CH(CH3)2. In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen or —CH. In some embodiments, R 18 is -CH2CH 3である。

[0264] In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A19 and R A19 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A19 C replaced by 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A19 and R A19 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A19 C replaced by 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A19 and R A19 Each instance of is independently an unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19is —CH, —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 19 is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 19 is -CH2CH3. In some embodiments, R 19 is —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 19 is a substitution C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is one or more OR A19 C replaced by 1-6 alkyl, and R A19 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is OR A19 C replaced by 1-6 alkyl, and R A19 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 -OR A19 and R A19 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, —CH, —CHOCH, —OCH, —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, —CH2OCH3, —OCH3, —CH2CH3, or —CH(CH3)2. In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, —CH, or —CHCH. In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen or —CH. In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen.

[0265] base R 20a and R 20b -Related to formulas (AI) to (A-XIII) In certain embodiments, R 20a is halogen, cyano, substituted C 1-6 Alkyl, unsubstituted C 2-6Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 It is a carbocyclyl.

[0266] In certain embodiments, R 20b is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, substituted C 1-6 Alkyl, unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 It is a carbocyclyl.

[0267] In certain embodiments, R 20a and R 20b are both simultaneously -CH3.

[0268] In certain embodiments, R 20a is halogen, cyano, substituted C 1-6 Alkyl, unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 It is an alkoxy.

[0269] In certain embodiments, R 20a is halogen. In certain embodiments, R 20a is -F.

[0270] In certain embodiments, R 20a is a substitution C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 20a is -CF3.

[0271] In certain embodiments, R 20a is the unsubstituted C 2-6 In certain embodiments, R 20a is -CH2CH3.

[0272] In certain embodiments, R 20a is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 20a is —OCH3 or —OCH2CH3.

[0273] In certain embodiments, R 20a is cyano.

[0274] In certain embodiments, R 20b is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 It is alkyl.

[0275] In certain embodiments, R 20b is halogen. In certain embodiments, R 20b is -F.

[0276] In certain embodiments, R 20b is a substitution C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 20b is -CF3.

[0277] In certain embodiments, R 20b is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 20b is -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH(CH3)2.

[0278] In certain embodiments, R 20b is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 20b is -OCH3.

[0279] In some embodiments, R 20b is hydrogen.

[0280] Groups X, n, R 23a , R 23b , R 24a , R 24b , R 25a , and R 25b - when they relate to formulae (AI) to (A-XIII) In certain embodiments, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R Xis hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond.

[0281] In certain embodiments, X is -O-. In certain embodiments, X is -CH2-. In certain embodiments, X is -CF2-.

[0282] In some embodiments, X is -(C(R X )2- and R X is hydrogen or fluorine. In some embodiments, X is —CH—. In some embodiments, X is —CHCH—.

[0283] In certain embodiments, n is selected from 1, 2, or 3. In some embodiments, n is 1. In some embodiments, n is 2. In some embodiments, n is 3.

[0284] In certain embodiments, R 23a and R 23b Each of R is independently hydrogen or fluorine. 23a and R 23b Each of R is independently hydrogen. 23a and R 23b Each of R is independently fluorine. 23a and R 23b At least one of R is fluorine. X and R 23b are linked to form a double bond, for example a cis or trans double bond.

[0285] In certain embodiments, R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 It is selected from the group consisting of aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl.

[0286] In certain embodiments, R 24b is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 It is aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl.

[0287] In some embodiments, R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24a is -CH3, -CH(CH3)2, or -CF3.

[0288] In some embodiments, R 24b is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24b is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24b is hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 24b is -CH3.

[0289] In some embodiments, R 24a is the unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 24b is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24a is the unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 24b is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24ais -CH3 and R 24b is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 24a is -CH2CH3, and R 24b is hydrogen.

[0290] In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a cyclopropyl. In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b taken together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form an unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a substituted 3-10 membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 6-membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a substituted or unsubstituted tetrahydrofuranyl, a substituted or unsubstituted tetrahydropyranyl, a substituted or unsubstituted piperidinyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted morpholinyl. 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a substituted tetrahydrofuranyl. In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24btogether with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form an unsubstituted tetrahydrofuranyl. In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a substituted tetrahydropyranyl. In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form an unsubstituted tetrahydropyranyl. In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a substituted piperidinyl. In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an unsubstituted piperidinyl.

[0291] In some embodiments, R 25a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 It is selected from the group consisting of aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl.

[0292] In some embodiments, R 25b is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 It is aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl.

[0293] In some embodiments, R 25a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R25a is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 25a is -CH3 or -CH2CH3.

[0294] In some embodiments, R 25b is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 25b is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 25b is hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 25b is -CH3.

[0295] In some embodiments, R 25a is the unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 25b is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 25a is the unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 25b is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 25a is -CH3 and R 25b is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 25a is -CH2CH3, and R 25b is hydrogen.

[0296] In some embodiments, R 25a and R 25b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 25a and R 25b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 25a and R 25b together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form cyclopropyl.

[0297] q, r, and s - when they relate to formulae (AI) to (A-XIII) In some embodiments, q is 0, 1, or 2. In some embodiments, q is 0. In some embodiments, q is 1. In some embodiments, q is 2.

[0298] In some embodiments, r is 1 or 2. In some embodiments, r is 1. In some embodiments, r is 2.

[0299] In some embodiments, s is 1, 2, or 3. In some embodiments, s is 1. In some embodiments, s is 2. In some embodiments, s is 3.

[0300] In some embodiments, q is 0 and r is 1. In some embodiments, q is 2 and r is 1. In some embodiments, q, r, and s are each independently 1.

[0301] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is any one of compounds 1-26 in Table A-1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is any one of compounds 1-26 in Table A-1. In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any one of compounds 1-26 in Table A-1. In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is any one of compounds A-3, A-4, A-5, A-6, A-7, A-9, A-13, A-14, A-15, or A-16, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is any one of compounds A-3, A-4, A-5, A-6, A-7, A-9, A-13, A-14, A-15, or A-16. In some embodiments, the compound of formula (AI) is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any one of compounds A-3, A-4, A-5, A-6, A-7, A-9, A-13, A-14, A-15, or A-16. [Table 1-1] [Table 1-2] [Table 1-3]

[0302] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (BI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R 2a and R 2b each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6is alkyl, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 is a carbocyclyl, R 5 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 6 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, or halogen; R 9 is absent or hydrogen, or R 9 and R 11a together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl, R 11a is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 11b is absent or hydrogen, or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group, R 15 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R 16 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R 17 is absent, hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, provided that when the bond between C16 and C17 is a double bond, R 17 is non-existent, or Or R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Forming a carbocyclyl, or Or R 16 and R 17 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl, However, R 15 and R 16 and R 16 and R 17 Both, together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, are substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 cannot form a carbocyclyl, However, R 15 , R 16 , and R 17 At least one of the atoms is not hydrogen, R 18 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A18 and R A18 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 19 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A19 and R A19 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, X is -(C(R X )2) n- or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R 23a and R 23b each instance of is independently hydrogen or fluorine; R 24a is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 24b is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Is it alkyl? Or R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; q is 0, 1, or 2; u is 1 or 2; s is 1 or 2, each [ka] independently represent a single bond or a double bond, provided that when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R 5 is absent and the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond, R 9 and R 11b is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0303] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (B-IA): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R 2a and R 2b each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 is a carbocyclyl, R 6 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, or halogen; R 11a is hydrogen or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b is hydrogen or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group, [ka] represents a single or double bond, with the proviso that when the bond between C5 and C6 is a single bond, the hydrogen at C5 is in the alpha configuration; R 15 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R 16 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R 17 is absent, hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, provided that when the bond between C16 and C17 is a double bond, R 17 is non-existent, or Or R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Forming a carbocyclyl, or Or R 16 and R 17 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl, However, R 15 and R 16 and R 16 and R 17 Both, together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, are substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 cannot form a carbocyclyl, However, R 15 , R 16 , and R 17 At least one of the atoms is not hydrogen, R 18 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A18 and R A18 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 19 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, ORA19 and R A19 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, n is 1, 2, or 3, R 23a and R 23b Each instance of is independently hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond, R 24a is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 a non-hydrogen group selected from the group consisting of aryl and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 24b is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Is it alkyl? Or R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; q is 0, 1, or 2; u is 1 or 2; The present invention provides a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein s is 1 or 2.

[0304] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is a compound of formula (BIa): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0305] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is a compound of formula (BIb): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0306] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is a compound of formula (B-II): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0307] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-II) is a compound of formula (B-IIa): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0308] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IIa) is a compound of formula (B-IIa-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0309] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IIa-1) is a compound of formula (B-IIa-1a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0310] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIa-1a) is a compound of Formula (B-IIa-1a-i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0311] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IIa-1a-i) has the formula (B-IIa-1a-ia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0312] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IIa-1a-i) has the formula (B-IIa-1a-ib): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0313] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIa-1a) is a compound of Formula (B-IIa-1a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0314] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IIa-1a-ii) is a compound of formula (B-IIa-1a-iia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0315] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IIa-1a-ii) is a compound of formula (B-IIa-1a-iib): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0316] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIa-1) is a compound of Formula (B-IIa-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0317] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIa-1b) is a compound of Formula (B-IIa-1b-i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0318] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIa-1b-i) has the formula (B-IIa-1b-ia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0319] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IIa-1b-i) is a compound of formula (B-IIa-1b-ib): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0320] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIa-1b) is a compound of Formula (B-IIa-1b-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0321] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IIa-1b-ii) is a compound of formula (B-IIa-1b-iia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0322] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IIa-1a-ii) is a compound of formula (B-IIa-1a-iib): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0323] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is a compound of formula (B-III): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0324] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-III) is a compound of formula (B-IIIa): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0325] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIIa) is a compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0326] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1) is a compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0327] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1a) is a compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1a-i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0328] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IIIa-1a-i) has the formula (B-IIIa-1a-ia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0329] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IIIa-1a-i) is a compound of formula (B-IIIa-1a-ib): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0330] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1a) is a compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0331] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1a-ii) is a compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1a-iia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0332] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1a-ii) is a compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1a-iib): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0333] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1) is a compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0334] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1b) is a compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1b-i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0335] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IIIa-1b-i) is a compound of formula (B-IIIa-1b-ia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0336] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IIIa-1b-i) is a compound of formula (B-IIIa-1b-ib): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0337] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1b) is a compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1b-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0338] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IIIa-1b-ii) is a compound of formula (B-IIIa-1b-iia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0339] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1b-ii) is a compound of Formula (B-IIIa-1b-iib): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0340] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is a compound of formula (B-IV): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0341] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IV) is a compound of formula (B-IV-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0342] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IV-1) is a compound of formula (B-IV-1a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0343] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IV-1a) is a compound of formula (B-IV-1a-i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0344] The compound of formula (B-IV-1a) can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (B-IV-1a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0345] The compound of formula (B-IV) can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (B-IV-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0346] The compound of formula (B-IV-2) can be prepared by the reaction of a compound of formula (B-IV-2a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0347] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IV-2a) is a compound of formula (B-IV-2a-i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0348] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-IV-2a) is a compound of formula (B-IV-2a-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0349] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is a compound of formula (BV): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0350] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BV) is a compound of formula (B-Va): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0351] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-Va) is a compound of formula (B-Va-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0352] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-Va) is a compound of formula (B-Va-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0353] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BV) is a compound of formula (B-Vb): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0354] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-Vb) is a compound of formula (B-Vb-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0355] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (B-Vb) is a compound of formula (B-Vb-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0356] base R 2a and R 2b -When they are related to formulas (BI) to (B-Vb-2) In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b are each independently hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b Each of R is hydrogen. 2a and R 2b Each of R is independently a halogen, e.g., fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo. 2a and R 2b Each of R is independently fluoro or chloro. 2a and R 2b each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, for example, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b is independently -CH, -CHCH, -CHCHCH, or cyclopropyl. 2a and R 2b Each of the following may independently be -OR A2 In certain embodiments, R A2 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R A2 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R A2 is hydrogen, -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3, i.e., R 2a or R 2b groups are each independently provided with formula -OH, -OCH, -OCHCH, or -OCHCHCH. In certain embodiments, R2a and R 2b is a non-hydrogen substituent in the alpha configuration. 2a and R 2b One of the is a non-hydrogen substituent in the i beta configuration.

[0357] In some embodiments, R 2a and R 2b Each of is hydrogen.

[0358] base R 3 -If it is related to formula (BI)~(B-Vb-2) In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, i.e., a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl.

[0359] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 It is a carbocyclyl.

[0360] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 An exemplary R is alkyl. 3 C 1-6Alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, substituted or unsubstituted methyl (C1), ethyl (C2), n-propyl (C3), isopropyl (C3), n-butyl (C4), tert-butyl (C4), sec-butyl (C4), iso-butyl (C4), n-pentyl (C5), 3-pentanyl (C5), amyl (C5), neopentyl (C5), 3-methyl-2-butanyl (C5), tertiary amyl (C5), n-hexyl (C6), C substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more fluoro groups. 1-6 alkyl (e.g., -CF3, -CH2F, -CHF2, difluoroethyl, and 2,2,2-trifluoro-1,1-dimethyl-ethyl), C substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more chloro groups; 1-6 C substituted with alkyl (e.g., -CH2Cl, -CHCl2) and alkoxy groups 1-6 alkyl (e.g., —CH2OCH3, —CH2OCH2CH3, —CH2O-cyclopropyl). In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted alkyl, e.g., R 3 is haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or aminoalkyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is Me, Et, n-Pr, n-Bu, i-Bu, fluoromethyl, chloromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, trifluoroethyl, difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoro-1,1-dimethyl-ethyl, methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, or ethoxymethyl.

[0361] In certain embodiments, R 3 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 3 is selected from the group consisting of -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3. In some embodiments, R 3 is -CH2CH3.

[0362] In certain embodiments, R 3 is alkyl substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, e.g., R3 is —CH2F, —CHF2, or —CF3.

[0363] In certain embodiments, R 3 is one or more -OR A3 is an alkyl substituted with a group, R A3 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is -CH2OR A3 For example, R A3 is hydrogen, -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3.

[0364] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethenyl (C2), propenyl (C3), or butenyl (C4), which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or hydroxyl; In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethenyl, propenyl, or butenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or hydroxy. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethenyl.

[0365] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C5-6 alkynyl. Exemplary substituted or unsubstituted R 3 Alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, propynyl, or butynyl, which are unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl, halo, haloalkyl (e.g., CF), alkoxyalkyl, cycloalkyl (e.g., cyclopropyl or cyclobutyl), or hydroxyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is selected from the group consisting of trifluoroethynyl, cyclopropylethynyl, cyclobutylethynyl, and propynyl, fluoropropynyl, and chloroethynyl. 3 is ethynyl (C2), propynyl (C3), or butynyl (C4), which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl, and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl; In certain embodiments, R 3 is substituted with substituted phenyl, ethynyl (C2), propynyl (C3), or butynyl (C4) In certain embodiments, the phenyl substituent is further substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, alkyl, trifluoroalkyl, alkoxy, acyl, amino, or amido. 3 is ethynyl (C2), propynyl (C3), or butynyl (C4) substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazoyl, thiazolyl, isoxazoyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, or tetrazolyl; is.

[0366] In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl, propynyl, or butynyl, unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or hydroxyl. In certain embodiments, R 3is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with unsubstituted phenyl or substituted with halo, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, or acyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl. 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyridinyl, or pyrimidinyl. 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazoyl, thiazolyl, isoxazoyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, tetrazolyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, or morpholinyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is propynyl or butynyl substituted with hydroxyl or alkoxy. In certain embodiments, R 3 is propynyl or butynyl substituted with methoxy or ethoxy. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with chloro. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with trifluoromethyl.

[0367] In certain embodiments, R3 is a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cyclobutyl.

[0368] base R 9 , R 11a , and R 11b -When they are related to formulas (BI) to (B-Vb-2) In certain embodiments, R 9 is absent or hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 9 is hydrogen. In some embodiments, the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond and R 9 In some embodiments, the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond and R 9 is non-existent, and R 11a is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, and -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b In some embodiments, the bond between C9 and C11 is a single bond and R 9 is hydrogen and R 11a is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b is hydrogen. In some embodiments, the bond between C9 and C11 is a single bond and R 9 is hydrogen and R11a is hydrogen or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b is hydrogen.

[0369] In certain embodiments, R 11a is hydrogen or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b is hydrogen or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group.

[0370] In certain embodiments, R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group.

[0371] In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR A11 and R 11b is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR A11 and R 11a is in the alpha or beta configuration. In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR A11 and R 11a is in the alpha configuration. In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR A11 and R 11a is in the beta configuration. In certain embodiments, R A11 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R A11 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6In certain embodiments, R A11 is hydrogen, —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 , or —CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , i.e. a group R of formula —OH, —OCH 3 , —OCH 2 CH 3 , or —OCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 11a to provide.

[0372] In some embodiments, R 11b is absent or hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 11b is hydrogen. In some embodiments, the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond and R 11b In some embodiments, the bond between C9 and C11 is a single bond and R 11b is hydrogen.

[0373] In some embodiments, R 11a and R 11b Each of is hydrogen.

[0374] In some embodiments, R 9 and R 11a together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Forms a carbocyclyl.

[0375] base R 5 and R 6 -When they are related to formulas (BI) to (B-Vb-2) In some embodiments, R 5 is in the alpha or beta configuration. In certain embodiments, R 5 is in the alpha configuration. In certain embodiments, R 5 In some embodiments, the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond and R 5 In some embodiments, the bond between C5 and C6 is a single bond and R 5 is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, the bond between C5 and C6 is a single bond, and R 5is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C in the beta configuration 1-6 In some embodiments, the bond between C5 and C6 is a single bond, and R 5 is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C in the alpha configuration 1-6 In some embodiments, the bond between C5 and C6 is a single bond, and R 5 is hydrogen in the alpha configuration.

[0376] In certain embodiments, R 5 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is halogen. In some embodiments, R 5 is a substitution C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 5 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is an unsubstituted C alkyl. In some embodiments, R 5 is -CH3.

[0377] In some embodiments, R 6 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, or halogen. In certain embodiments, R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R 6 is halogen, for example, fluoro. In certain embodiments, R 6is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R 6 is C alkyl, for example, —CH or —CF. In certain embodiments, R 6 is hydrogen, —CH, or —F. In certain embodiments, the bond between C and C is a single bond and R 6 is a non-hydrogen substituent in the alpha configuration. In certain embodiments, the bond between C5 and C6 is a single bond, and R 6 is a non-hydrogen substituent in the beta configuration.

[0378] base R 15 , R 16 , and R 17 -When they are related to formulas (BI) to (B-Vb-2) In certain embodiments, R 15 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl (unsubstituted methyl), substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl (unsubstituted cyclopropyl), or substituted or unsubstituted 3-10 membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, R 15 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In certain embodiments, R 15 is hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 15 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 15 is the unsubstituted C 1-6In some embodiments, R 15 is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 15 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 15 is substituted with substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. In some embodiments, R 15 is unsubstituted cyclopropyl. In some embodiments, R 15 is hydrogen, —CH 3 , or cyclopropyl.

[0379] In certain embodiments, R 16 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl (unsubstituted methyl), substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl (unsubstituted cyclopropyl), or substituted or unsubstituted 3-10 membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, R 16 is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 16 is hydrogen or —CH. In some embodiments, R 16 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R 16 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 16 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 16 is -CH3.

[0380] In certain embodiments, R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 15 and R 16together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. In some embodiments, R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an unsubstituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. In some embodiments, R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an unsubstituted cyclopropyl.

[0381] In certain embodiments, R 17 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 17 is absent and the bond between C16 and C17 is a double bond. 17 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 17 is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 17 is hydrogen or —CH. In some embodiments, R 17 is hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 17 is an unsubstituted C alkyl. In some embodiments, R 17 is -CH3.

[0382] In certain embodiments, R 16 and R 17 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 16 and R 17 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. In some embodiments, R 16 and R 17together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an unsubstituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. In some embodiments, R 16 and R 17 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an unsubstituted cyclopropyl.

[0383] base R 18 and R 19 -When they are related to formulas (BI) to (B-Vb-2) In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A18 and R A18 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen, unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkyl, OR A18 C replaced by 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A18 and R A18 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen, unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A18 C replaced by 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A18 and R A18 Each instance of is independently an unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is —CH, —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 18 is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 18 is —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 18 is a substitution C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is one or more ORA18 C replaced by 1-6 alkyl, and R A18 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is OR A18 C replaced by 1-6 alkyl, and R A18 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 -OR A18 and R A18 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen, —CH, —CHOCH, —OCH, —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen, —CH2OCH3, —OCH3, —CH2CH3, or —CH(CH3)2. In some embodiments, R 18 is methyl. In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen.

[0384] In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A19 and R A19 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A19 C replaced by 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A19 and R A19 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A19 C replaced by 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A19 and R A19 Each instance of is independently an unsubstituted C1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is —CH, —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 19 is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 19 is —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 19 is a substitution C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is one or more OR A19 C replaced by 1-6 alkyl, and R A19 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is OR A19 C replaced by 1-6 alkyl, and R A19 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 -OR A19 and R A19 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, —CH, —CHOCH, —OCH, —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, —CH2OCH3, —OCH3, —CH2CH3, or —CH(CH3)2. In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, —CH, or —CHCH. In some embodiments, R 19 is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 19 is -CH2CH 3である。 In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen or —CH. In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 19 is -CH3.

[0385] Groups X, n, R 23a , R 23b , R 24a , and R 24b -When they are related to formulas (BI) to (B-Vb-2) In certain embodiments, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond.

[0386] In certain embodiments, X is -O-. In certain embodiments, X is -CH2-. In certain embodiments, X is -CF2-.

[0387] In certain embodiments, n is selected from 1, 2, or 3. In some embodiments, n is 1. In some embodiments, n is 2. In some embodiments, n is 3.

[0388] In some embodiments, X is -(C(R X )2- and R X is hydrogen or fluorine. In some embodiments, X is —CH—.

[0389] In some embodiments, X is -(C(R X )2)2- and R X is hydrogen or fluorine. In some embodiments, X is —CH—.

[0390] In some embodiments, R 23a and R 23b Each of R is independently hydrogen or fluorine. 23a and R 23b Each of R is independently hydrogen. 23a and R 23bEach of R is independently fluorine. 23a and R 23b At least one of R is hydrogen. X and R 23b are linked to form a double bond, for example a cis or trans double bond.

[0391] In some embodiments, R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 is a non-hydrogen group selected from the group consisting of aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 24b is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl or R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 It forms a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl.

[0392] In some embodiments, R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 It is selected from the group consisting of aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl.

[0393] In some embodiments, R 24b is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl.

[0394] In some embodiments, R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24a is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24a is a substitution C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24a is —CH, —CHCH, —CH(CH), or —CF. In some embodiments, R 24a is —CH, —CH(CH), or CF. In some embodiments, R 24a is methyl. In some embodiments, R 24a is isopropyl. In some embodiments, R 24a is CF3.

[0395] In some embodiments, R 24b is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24b is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24b is hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 24b is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24b is -CH3.

[0396] In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24btogether with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a cyclopropyl. In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl.

[0397] q, r, and s - when they relate to formulas (BI) to (B-Vb-2) In some embodiments, q is 0, 1, or 2. In some embodiments, q is 0. In some embodiments, q is 1. In some embodiments, q is 2.

[0398] In some embodiments, u is 1 or 2. In some embodiments, u is 1. In some embodiments, u is 2.

[0399] In some embodiments, s is 1 or 2. In some embodiments, s is 1. In some embodiments, s is 2.

[0400] In some embodiments, q is 0 and u is 1. In some embodiments, q is 0 and u is 2. In some embodiments, q is 1 and u is 1. In some embodiments, q is 1 and u is 2. In some embodiments, q is 2 and u is 1. In some embodiments, q is 2 and u is 2. In some embodiments, q is 0, u is 1 and s is 1. In some embodiments, q, u, and s are each independently 1.

[0401] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is any one of compounds B-1 through B-24 in Table B-1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is any one of compounds B-1 through B-24 in Table B-1. In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any one of compounds B-1 through B-24. In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is any one of compounds B-1, B-3, B-4, B-10, B-11, B-12, B-14, B-15, B-18, B-20, B-23, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is any one of compounds B-1, B-3, B-4, B-10, B-11, B-12, B-14, B-15, B-18, B-20, or B-23. In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any one of compounds B-1, B-3, B-4, B-10, B-11, B-12, B-14, B-15, B-18, B-20, or B-23. In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is any one of compounds B-1, B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5, B-6, B-13, B-14, B-22, B-23, B-24, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is any one of compounds B-1, B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5, B-6, B-13, B-14, B-22, B-23, or B-24. In some embodiments, the compound of formula (BI) is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any one of compounds B-1, B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5, B-6, B-13, B-14, B-22, B-23, or B-24. [Table 2-1] [Table 2-2]

[0402] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (CI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R 2a and R 2b each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 is a carbocyclyl, R 5 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 6 is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 9 is absent or hydrogen, or R 9 and R 11a together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl ring, R 11a is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 11b is absent or hydrogen, or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group, R 15Each example is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R 16 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl, R 18 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A18 and R A18 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 19 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A19 and R A19 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R 23a and R 23bare each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R 25a is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 25b is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; Or R 25a and R 25b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; s is 1 or 2, each [ka] independently represent a single bond or a double bond; However, when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R 5 is absent and the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond, R 9 and R 11b is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0403] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CI) is a compound of formula (C-II): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0404] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-II) is a compound of formula (C-II-A): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0405] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-II-A) is a compound of formula (C-II-A1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0406] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-II-A1) is a compound of formula (C-II-A1-i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0407] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-II-A1-i) is a compound of formula (C-II-A1-ia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0408] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-II-A1-ia) is a compound of formula (C-II-A1-ia-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0409] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (C-II-A1-ia-1) is a compound of Formula (C-II-A1-ia-1a) or Formula (C-II-A1-ia-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0410] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-II-A1-ia) is a compound of formula (C-II-A1-ia-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0411] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-II-A1-ia-2) is a compound of formula (C-II-A1-ia-2a) or formula (C-II-A1-ia-2b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0412] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-II-A1) is a compound of formula (C-II-A1-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0413] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-II-A1-ii) is a compound of formula (C-II-A1-iia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0414] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-II-A1-iia) is a compound of formula (C-II-A1-iia-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0415] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-II-A1-iia-1) is a compound of formula (C-II-A1-iia-1a) or formula (C-II-A1-iia-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0416] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-II-A1-iia) is a compound of formula (C-II-A1-iia-2): [ka] is.

[0417] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-II-A1-iia-2) is a compound of formula (C-II-A1-iia-2a) or formula (C-II-A1-iia-2b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0418] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CI) is a compound of formula (C-III): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0419] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-III) is a compound of formula (C-III-A): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0420] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-III-A) is a compound of formula (C-III-A1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0421] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-III-A1) is a compound of formula (C-III-A1-i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0422] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-III-A1-i) is a compound of formula (C-III-A1-ia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0423] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-III-A1-ia) is a compound of formula (C-III-A1-ia-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0424] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (C-III-A1-ia-1) is a compound of Formula (C-III-A1-ia-1a) or Formula (C-III-A1-ia-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0425] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-III-A1-ia) is a compound of formula (C-III-A1-ia-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0426] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (C-III-A1-ia-2) is a compound of Formula (C-III-A1-ia-2a) or Formula (C-III-A1-ia-2b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0427] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-III-A1) is a compound of formula (C-III-A1-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0428] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-III-A1-ii) is a compound of formula (C-III-A1-iia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0429] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-III-A1-iia) is a compound of formula (C-III-A1-iia-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0430] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (C-III-A1-iia-1) is a compound of Formula (C-III-A1-iia-1a) or Formula (C-III-A1-iia-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0431] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-III-A1-iia) is a compound of formula (C-III-A1-iia-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0432] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-III-A1-iia-2) is a compound of formula (C-III-A1-iia-2a) or formula (C-III-A1-iia-2b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0433] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CI) is a compound of formula (C-IV): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0434] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-IV) is a compound of formula (C-IV-A): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0435] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-IV-A) is a compound of formula (C-IV-A1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0436] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-IV-A1) is a compound of formula (C-IV-A1-i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0437] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-IV-A1-i) is a compound of formula (C-IV-A1-ia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0438] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-IV-A1-ia) is a compound of formula (C-IV-A1-ia-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0439] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-IV-A1-ia-1) is a compound of formula (C-IV-A1-ia-1a) or formula (C-IV-A1-ia-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0440] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-IV-A1-ia) is a compound of formula (C-IV-A1-ia-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0441] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-IV-A1-ia-2) is a compound of formula (C-IV-A1-ia-2a) or formula (C-IV-A1-ia-2b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0442] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-IV-A1) is a compound of formula (C-IV-A1-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0443] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-IV-A1-ii) is a compound of formula (C-IV-A1-iia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0444] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-IV-A1-iia) is a compound of formula (C-IV-A1-iia-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0445] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-IV-A1-iia-1) is a compound of formula (C-IV-A1-iia-1a) or formula (C-IV-A1-iia-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0446] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-IV-A1-iia) is a compound of formula (C-IV-A1-iia-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0447] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-IV-A1-iia-2) is a compound of formula (C-IV-A1-iia-2a) or formula (C-IV-A1-iia-2b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0448] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (CI) is a compound of Formula (CV): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0449] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV) is a compound of formula (C-VA) or formula (C-VB): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0450] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CVA) is a compound of formula (CV-A1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0451] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-A1) is a compound of formula (CV-A1-i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0452] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-A1-i) is a compound of formula (CV-A1-ia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0453] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-A1-ia) is a compound of formula (CV-A1-ia-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0454] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-A1-ia-1) is a compound of formula (CV-A1-ia-1a) or formula (CV-A1-ia-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0455] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-A1-ia) is a compound of formula (CV-A1-ia-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0456] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-A1-ia-2) is a compound of formula (CV-A1-ia-2a) or formula (CV-A1-ia-2b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0457] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-A1) is a compound of formula (CV-A1-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0458] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-A1-ii) is a compound of formula (CV-A1-iia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0459] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-A1-iia) is a compound of formula (CV-A1-iia-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0460] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-A1-iia-1) is a compound of formula (CV-A1-iia-1a) or formula (CV-A1-iia-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0461] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-A1-iia) is a compound of formula (CV-A1-iia-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0462] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-A1-iia-2) is a compound of formula (CV-A1-iia-2a) or formula (CV-A1-iia-2b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0463] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CVB) is a compound of formula (CV-B1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0464] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-B1) is a compound of formula (CV-B1-i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0465] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-B1-i) is a compound of formula (CV-B1-ia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0466] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-B1-ia) is a compound of formula (CV-B1-ia-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0467] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-B1-ia-1) is a compound of formula (CV-B1-ia-1a) or formula (CV-B1-ia-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0468] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-B1-ia) is a compound of formula (CV-B1-ia-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0469] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-B1-ia-2) is a compound of formula (CV-B1-ia-2a) or formula (CV-B1-ia-2b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) is.

[0470] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-B1) is a compound of formula (CV-B1-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof

[0471] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-B1-ii) is a compound of formula (CV-B1-iia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0472] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-B1-iia) is a compound of formula (CV-B1-iia-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0473] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-B1-iia-1) is a compound of formula (CV-B1-iia-1a) or formula (CV-B1-iia-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0474] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-B1-iia) is a compound of formula (CV-B1-iia-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0475] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (CV-B1-iia-2) is a compound of formula (CV-B1-iia-2a) or formula (CV-B1-iia-2b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0476] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (CI) is a compound of Formula (C-VI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0477] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI) is a compound of formula (C-VIA) or formula (C-VIB): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0478] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-A) is a compound of formula (C-VI-A1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0479] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-A1) is a compound of formula (C-VI-A1-i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0480] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-A1-i) is a compound of formula (C-VI-A1-ia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0481] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-A1-ia) is a compound of formula (C-VI-A1-ia-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0482] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (C-VI-A1-ia-1) is a compound of Formula (C-VI-A1-ia-1a) or Formula (C-VI-A1-ia-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0483] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-A1-ia) is a compound of formula (C-VI-A1-ia-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0484] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-A1-ia-2) is a compound of formula (C-VI-A1-ia-2a) or formula (C-VI-A1-ia-2b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0485] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-A1) is a compound of formula (C-VI-A1-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0486] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-A1-ii) is a compound of formula (C-VI-A1-iia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0487] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-A1-iia) is a compound of formula (C-VI-A1-iia-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0488] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-A1-iia-1) is a compound of formula (C-VI-A1-iia-1a) or formula (C-VI-A1-iia-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0489] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-A1-iia) is a compound of formula (C-VI-A1-iia-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0490] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-A1-iia-2) is a compound of formula (C-VI-A1-iia-2a) or formula (C-VI-A1-iia-2b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0491] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-B) is a compound of formula (C-VI-B1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0492] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-B1) is a compound of formula (C-VI-B1-i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0493] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-B1-i) is a compound of formula (C-VI-B1-ia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0494] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-B1-ia) is a compound of formula (C-VI-B1-ia-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0495] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (C-VI-B1-ia-1) is a compound of Formula (C-VI-B1-ia-1a) or Formula (C-VI-B1-ia-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0496] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-B1-ia) is a compound of formula (C-VI-B1-ia-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0497] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (C-VI-B1-ia-2) is a compound of Formula (C-VI-B1-ia-2a) or Formula (C-VI-B1-ia-2b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0498] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (C-VI-B1) is a compound of Formula (C-VI-B1-ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0499] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-B1-ii) is a compound of formula (C-VI-B1-iia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0500] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-B1-iia) is a compound of formula (C-VI-B1-iia-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0501] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (C-VI-B1-iia-1) is a compound of Formula (C-VI-B1-iia-1a) or Formula (C-VI-B1-iia-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0502] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-B1-iia) is a compound of formula (C-VI-B1-iia-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0503] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (C-VI-B1-iia-2) is a compound of formula (C-VI-B1-iia-2a) or formula (C-VI-B1-iia-2b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0504] base R 2a and R 2b - if they relate to the formula (CI)~(C-VI-B1-iia-2b) In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b Each of R is hydrogen. 2a and R 2b Each of R is independently a halogen, e.g., fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo. In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b Each of R is independently fluoro or chloro. 2a and R 2b each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, for example, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R2a and R 2b is independently -CH, -CHCH, -CHCHCH, or cyclopropyl. 2a and R 2b Each of the following may independently be -OR A2 In certain embodiments, R A2 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R A2 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R A2 is hydrogen, -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3, i.e., R 2a or R 2b groups are each independently provided with formula -OH, -OCH, -OCHCH, or -OCHCHCH. In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b Each of R is independently a non-hydrogen substituent in the alpha configuration. 2a and R 2b Each of is independently a non-hydrogen substituent in the beta configuration.

[0505] In some embodiments, R 2a and R 2b Each of is hydrogen.

[0506] base R 3 - if it relates to formula (CI)~(C-VI-B1-iia-2b) In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, i.e., a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl.

[0507] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 It is a carbocyclyl.

[0508] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 An exemplary R is alkyl. 3 C 1-6 Alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, substituted or unsubstituted methyl (C1), ethyl (C2), n-propyl (C3), isopropyl (C3), n-butyl (C4), tert-butyl (C4), sec-butyl (C4), iso-butyl (C4), n-pentyl (C5), 3-pentanyl (C5), amyl (C5), neopentyl (C5), 3-methyl-2-butanyl (C5), tertiary amyl (C5), n-hexyl (C6), C substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more fluoro groups. 1-6 alkyl (e.g., -CF3, -CH2F, -CHF2, difluoroethyl, and 2,2,2-trifluoro-1,1-dimethyl-ethyl), C substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more chloro groups; 1-6 C substituted with alkyl (e.g., -CH2Cl, -CHCl2) and alkoxy groups 1-6 alkyl (e.g., —CH2OCH3, —CH2OCH2CH3, —CH2O-cyclopropyl). In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted alkyl, e.g., R 3is haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or aminoalkyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is Me, Et, n-Pr, n-Bu, i-Bu, fluoromethyl, chloromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, trifluoroethyl, difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoro-1,1-dimethyl-ethyl, methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, or ethoxymethyl.

[0509] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 3 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 3 is selected from the group consisting of -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3. In some embodiments, R 3 is ethyl.

[0510] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substitution C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 3 is alkyl substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, e.g., R 3 is —CHF, —CHF, or —CF. In certain embodiments, R 3 is one or more -OR A3 is an alkyl substituted with a group, R A3 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is -CH2OR A3 For example, R A3 is hydrogen, -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3.

[0511] In certain embodiments, R 3 are -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH 3、 or -CH2OCH3. In certain embodiments, R 3 is -CH2CH3. In certain embodiments, R 3is -CH2OCH3.

[0512] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethenyl (C2), propenyl (C3), or butenyl (C4), which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or hydroxyl; In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethenyl, propenyl, or butenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or hydroxy. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethenyl.

[0513] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 alkynyl. Exemplary substituted or unsubstituted R 3 Alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, propynyl, or butynyl, which are unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl, halo, haloalkyl (e.g., CF), alkoxyalkyl, cycloalkyl (e.g., cyclopropyl or cyclobutyl), or hydroxyl. In certain embodiments, R 3is selected from the group consisting of trifluoroethynyl, cyclopropylethynyl, cyclobutylethynyl, and propynyl, fluoropropynyl, and chloroethynyl. 3 is ethynyl (C2), propynyl (C3), or butynyl (C4), which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl, and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl; In certain embodiments, R 3 is substituted with substituted phenyl, ethynyl (C2), propynyl (C3), or butynyl (C4) In certain embodiments, the phenyl substituent is further substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, alkyl, trifluoroalkyl, alkoxy, acyl, amino, or amido. 3 is ethynyl (C2), propynyl (C3), or butynyl (C4) substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazoyl, thiazolyl, isoxazoyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, or tetrazolyl; is.

[0514] In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl, propynyl, or butynyl, unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or hydroxyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with unsubstituted phenyl or substituted with halo, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, or acyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl. 3is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyridinyl, or pyrimidinyl. 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazoyl, thiazolyl, isoxazoyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, tetrazolyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, or mofolinyl. 3 is propynyl or butynyl substituted with hydroxyl or alkoxy. In certain embodiments, R 3 is propynyl or butynyl substituted with methoxy or ethoxy. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with chloro. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with trifluoromethyl.

[0515] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R 3is substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cyclobutyl.

[0516] base R 5 and R 6 - if they relate to the formula (CI)~(C-VI-B1-iia-2b) In some embodiments, R 5 is in the alpha or beta configuration. In certain embodiments, R 5 is in the alpha configuration. In certain embodiments, R 5 In some embodiments, when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R 5 In some embodiments, the bond between C5 and C6 is a single bond and R 5 is hydrogen in the alpha configuration.

[0517] In certain embodiments, R 5 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is halogen. In some embodiments, R 5 is a substitution C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 5 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is an unsubstituted C alkyl. In some embodiments, R 5 is -CH3.

[0518] In certain embodiments, R 6 is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R 6 is halogen, for example, fluoro. In certain embodiments, R 6 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R 6 is —CH or —CF. In certain embodiments, R 6 is hydrogen, -CH3, or -F.

[0519] base R 9 , R 11a , and R 11b - if they relate to the formula (CI)~(C-VI-B1-iia-2b) In certain embodiments, R 9 is absent or hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 9 is hydrogen. In some embodiments, when the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond, R 9 In some embodiments, the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond and R 9 is non-existent, and R 11a is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, and -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b is absent or hydrogen. In some embodiments, the bond between C9 and C11 is a single bond and R9 is hydrogen and R 11a is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b is absent or hydrogen.

[0520] In certain embodiments, R 11a is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b is absent or hydrogen, or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group.

[0521] In certain embodiments, R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group.

[0522] In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR A11 and R 11b is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR A11 and R 11a is in the alpha or beta configuration. In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR A11 and R 11a is in the alpha configuration. In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR A11 and R 11a is in the beta configuration. In certain embodiments, R A11 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R A11 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R A11 is hydrogen, —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 , or —CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , i.e. a group R of formula —OH, —OCH 3 , —OCH 2 CH 3 , or —OCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 11a to provide.

[0523] In some embodiments, R 11b is absent or hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 11b is hydrogen. In some embodiments, the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond and R 11b is non-existent.

[0524] In some embodiments, R 11a and R 11b Each of is hydrogen.

[0525] In some embodiments, R 9 and R 11a together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Forms a carbocyclyl.

[0526] base R 15 and R 16 - if they relate to the formula (CI)~(C-VI-B1-iia-2b) In certain embodiments, R 15 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, R 15is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In certain embodiments, R 15 is hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 15 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 15 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 15 is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 15 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 15 is substituted with substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. In some embodiments, R 15 is unsubstituted cyclopropyl. In some embodiments, R 15 is hydrogen, —CH 3 , or cyclopropyl.

[0527] In certain embodiments, R 16 is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH2, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, R 16 is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 16 is hydrogen or —CH. In some embodiments, R 16 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R 16 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 16 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 16is -CH3.

[0528] In certain embodiments, R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. In some embodiments, R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an unsubstituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. In some embodiments, R 15 and R 16 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an unsubstituted cyclopropyl.

[0529] base R 18 and R 19 - if they relate to the formula (CI)~(C-VI-B1-iia-2b) In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A18 and R A18 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen, unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A18 C replaced by 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A18 and R A18 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen, unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A18 C replaced by 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A18 and R A18Each instance of is independently an unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is —CH, —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 18 is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 18 is —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 18 is a substitution C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is one or more OR A18 C replaced by 1-6 alkyl, and R A18 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is OR A18 C replaced by 1-6 alkyl, and R A18 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 -OR A18 , R A18 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen, —CH, —CHOCH, —OCH, —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen, —CH2OCH3, —OCH3, —CH2CH3, or —CH(CH3)2. In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen or —CH. In some embodiments, R 18 is hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 18 is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 18 is -CH2CH3.

[0530] In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6Alkyl or OR A19 and R A19 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A19 C replaced by 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A19 and R A19 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, OR A19 C replaced by 1-6 Alkyl or -OR A19 and R A19 Each instance of is independently an unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is —CH, —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 19 is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 19 is -CH2CH3. In some embodiments, R 19 is —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 19 is a substitution C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is one or more OR A19 C replaced by 1-6 alkyl, and R A19 Each instance of is independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is OR A19 C replaced by 1-6 alkyl, and R A19 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 -OR A19 and RA19 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, —CH, —CHOCH, —OCH, —CHCH, or —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, —CH2OCH3, —OCH3, —CH2CH3, or —CH(CH3)2. In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen, —CH, or —CHCH. In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen or —CH. In some embodiments, R 19 is hydrogen.

[0531] Groups X, n, R 23a , R 23b , R 25a , and R 25b - if they relate to the formula (CI)~(C-VI-B1-iia-2b) In certain embodiments, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond.

[0532] In certain embodiments, X is -O-. In certain embodiments, X is -CH2-. In certain embodiments, X is -CF2-.

[0533] In some embodiments, X is -(C(R X )2- and R X is hydrogen or fluorine. In some embodiments, X is —CH—.

[0534] In certain embodiments, n is an integer selected from 1, 2, or 3. In some embodiments, n is 1. In some embodiments, n is 2. In some embodiments, n is 3.

[0535] In some embodiments, R 23a and R 23b Each of R is independently hydrogen. 23a and R 23b Each of R is independently fluorine. 23a and R 23b At least one of R is fluorine. X and R 23b are linked to form a double bond, for example a cis or trans double bond.

[0536] In some embodiments, R 25a is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 It is selected from the group consisting of aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl.

[0537] In some embodiments, R 25b is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 It is aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl.

[0538] In some embodiments, R 25a is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 25a is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 25a is the unsubstituted C 1-6In some embodiments, R 25a is —CH or —CHCH. In some embodiments, R 25a is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 25a is -CH2CH3. In some embodiments, R 25a is hydrogen.

[0539] In some embodiments, R 25b is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 25b is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 25b is hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 25b is -CH3.

[0540] In some embodiments, R 25a is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 25b is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 25a is the unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 25b is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 25a is hydrogen and R 25b is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 25a is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 25b is hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 25a is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 25b is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 25a is -CH3 and R 25b is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 25a is -CH2CH3, and R25b is hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 25a is hydrogen and R 25b is hydrogen.

[0541] In some embodiments, R 25a and R 25b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 25a and R 25b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 25a and R 25b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 25a and R 25b together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a cyclopropyl. In some embodiments, R 25a and R 25b together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl.

[0542] q, r, and s - when they relate to formula (CI)~(C-VI-B1-iia-2b) In some embodiments, q is 0, 1, or 2. In some embodiments, q is 0. In some embodiments, q is 1. In some embodiments, q is 2.

[0543] In some embodiments, r is 1 or 2. In some embodiments, r is 1. In some embodiments, r is 2.

[0544] In some embodiments, s is 1 or 2. In some embodiments, s is 1. In some embodiments, s is 2.

[0545] In some embodiments, q is 0 and r is 1. In some embodiments, q is 2 and r is 1. In some embodiments, q, r, and s are each independently 1.

[0546] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (CI) is any one of compounds C-1 through C-35 in Table C-1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (CI) is any one of compounds C-1 through C-35 in Table C-1. In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (CI) is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any one of compounds C-1 through C-35 in Table C-1. In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (CI) is any one of compounds C-1, C-2, C-3, C-5, C-7, C-8, C-9, C-11, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (CI) is any one of compounds C-1, C-2, C-3, C-5, C-7, C-8, C-9, or C-11. In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (CI) is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any one of compounds C-1, C-2, C-3, C-5, C-7, C-8, C-9, or C-11. [Table 3-1] [Table 3-2] [Table 3-3]

[0547] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (DI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R 2a and R 2beach independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 is a carbocyclyl, R 5 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 6 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, or halogen; R 11a is hydrogen or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b is hydrogen or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R 23a and R 23b are each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R 24a is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 24b is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Is it alkyl? Or R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; s is 1, 2, 3, or 4; provided that a) q and r are not both 1, or b) when q is 0, r is not 2, or c) when r is 2, q is not 0, [ka] represents a single bond or a double bond, However, when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R 5 is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0548] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (DI) is a compound of formula (D-Ia) or (D-Ib): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0549] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-Ia) is a compound of formula (D-Ia-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0550] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-Ia-1) is a compound of formula (D-Ia-1i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0551] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-Ia-1) is a compound of formula (D-Ia-1ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0552] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-Ia) is a compound of formula (D-Ia-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0553] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-Ia-2) is a compound of formula (D-Ia-2i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0554] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-Ia-2) is a compound of formula (D-Ia-2ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0555] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-Ib) is a compound of formula (D-Ib-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0556] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-Ib-1) is a compound of formula (D-Ib-1i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0557] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-Ib-1) is a compound of formula (D-Ib-1ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0558] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-Ib) is a compound of formula (D-Ib-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0559] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-Ib-2) is a compound of formula (D-Ib-2i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0560] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-Ib-2) is a compound of formula (D-Ib-2ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0561] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (DI) is a compound of formula (D-II): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0562] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-II) is a compound of formula (D-IIa) or (D-IIb): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0563] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIa) is a compound of formula (D-IIa-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0564] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIa-1) is a compound of formula (D-IIa-1i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0565] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIa-1) is a compound of formula (D-IIa-1ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0566] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIa) is a compound of formula (D-IIa-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0567] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIa-2) is a compound of formula (D-IIa-2i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0568] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIa-2) is a compound of formula (D-IIa-2ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0569] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIb) is a compound of formula (D-IIb-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0570] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIb-1) is a compound of formula (D-IIb-1i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0571] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIb-1) is a compound of formula (D-IIb-1ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0572] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIb) is a compound of formula (D-IIb-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0573] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIb-2) is a compound of formula (D-IIb-2i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0574] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIb-2) is a compound of formula (D-IIb-2ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0575] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (DI) is a compound of formula (D-III): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0576] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-III) is a compound of formula (D-IIIa) or (D-IIIb): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0577] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIIa) is a compound of formula (D-IIIa-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0578] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIIa-1) is a compound of formula (D-IIIa-1i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0579] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIIa-1) is a compound of formula (D-IIIa-1ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0580] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (D-IIIa) is a compound of Formula (D-IIIa-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0581] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIIa-2) is a compound of formula (D-IIIa-2i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0582] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIIa-2) is a compound of formula (D-IIIa-2ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0583] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIIb) is a compound of formula (D-IIIb-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0584] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIIb-1) is a compound of formula (D-IIIb-1i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0585] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIIb-1) is a compound of formula (D-IIIb-1ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0586] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIIb) is a compound of formula (D-IIIb-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0587] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIIb-2) is a compound of formula (D-IIIb-2i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0588] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IIIb-2) is a compound of formula (D-IIIb-2ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0589] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (DI) is a compound of formula (D-IV): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0590] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IV) is a compound of formula (D-IVa) or (D-IVb): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0591] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IVa) is a compound of formula (D-IVa-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0592] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IVa-1) is a compound of formula (D-IVa-1i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0593] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IVa-1) is a compound of formula (D-IVa-1ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0594] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IVa) is a compound of formula (D-IVa-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0595] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IVa-2) is a compound of formula (D-IVa-2i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0596] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IVa-2) is a compound of formula (D-IVa-2ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0597] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IVb) is a compound of formula (D-IVb-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0598] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IVb-1) is a compound of formula (D-IVb-1i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0599] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IVb-1) is a compound of formula (D-IVb-1ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0600] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IVb) is a compound of formula (D-IVb-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0601] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IVb-2) is a compound of formula (D-IVb-2i): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0602] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (D-IVb-2) is a compound of formula (D-IVb-2ii): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0603] R 2a Group and R 2bGroups - when they relate to formulas (DI) to (D-IVb-2ii) In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b Each of R is hydrogen. 2a and R 2b Each of R is independently a halogen, e.g., fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo. 2a and R 2b Each of R is independently fluoro or chloro. 2a and R 2b Each of 1-6 Alkyl, for example, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b is independently -CH, -CHCH, -CHCHCH, or cyclopropyl. 2a and R 2b Each of the -OR A2 In certain embodiments, R A2 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R A2 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R A2 is hydrogen, -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3, i.e., R 2a or R 2b groups are each independently provided with formula -OH, -OCH, -OCHCH, or -OCHCHCH. In certain embodiments, R 2a and R 2b Each of R is a non-hydrogen substituent. 2a and R 2b is a non-hydrogen substituent in the alpha configuration. 2a and R 2b One of the is a non-hydrogen substituent in the beta configuration.

[0604] base R 3 -When it relates to formula (DI) to (D-IVb-2ii) In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, i.e., a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl.

[0605] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 It is a carbocyclyl.

[0606] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 An exemplary R is alkyl. 3 C 1-6 Alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, substituted or unsubstituted methyl (C1), ethyl (C2), n-propyl (C3), isopropyl (C3), n-butyl (C4), tert-butyl (C4), sec-butyl (C4), iso-butyl (C4), n-pentyl (C5), 3-pentanyl (C5), amyl (C5), neopentyl (C5), 3-methyl-2-butanyl (C5), tertiary amyl (C5), n-hexyl (C6), C substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more fluoro groups. 1-6 alkyl (e.g., -CF3, -CH2F, -CHF2, difluoroethyl, and 2,2,2-trifluoro-1,1-dimethyl-ethyl), C substituted with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more chloro groups; 1-6 C substituted with alkyl (e.g., -CH2Cl, -CHCl2) and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more alkoxy groups 1-6 alkyl (e.g., —CH2OCH3, —CH2OCH2CH3, —CH2O-cyclopropyl). In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted alkyl, e.g., R 3 is haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or aminoalkyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is Me, Et, n-Pr, n-Bu, i-Bu, fluoromethyl, chloromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, trifluoroethyl, difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoro-1,1-dimethyl-ethyl, methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, or ethoxymethyl.

[0607] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 3 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 3is selected from the group consisting of -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3. In some embodiments, R 3 is ethyl.

[0608] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substitution C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 3 is alkyl substituted with one or more fluorine atoms, e.g., R 3 is —CHF, —CHF, or —CF. In certain embodiments, R 3 is one or more -OR A3 is an alkyl substituted with a group, R A3 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is -CH2OR A3 For example, R A3 is hydrogen, -CH3, -CH2CH3, or -CH2CH2CH3.

[0609] In certain embodiments, R 3 are -CH3, -CH2CH3, -CH2CH2CH 3、 or -CH2OCH3. In certain embodiments, R 3 is -CH2CH3. In certain embodiments, R 3 is -CH2OCH3.

[0610] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R 3is ethenyl (C2), propenyl (C3), or butenyl (C4), which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or hydroxyl; In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethenyl, propenyl, or butenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or hydroxy. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethenyl.

[0611] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 alkynyl. Exemplary substituted or unsubstituted R 3 Alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, propynyl, or butynyl, which are unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl, halo, haloalkyl (e.g., CF), alkoxyalkyl, cycloalkyl (e.g., cyclopropyl or cyclobutyl), or hydroxyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is selected from the group consisting of trifluoroethynyl, cyclopropylethynyl, cyclobutylethynyl, and propynyl, fluoropropynyl, and chloroethynyl. 3 is ethynyl (C2), propynyl (C3), or butynyl (C4), which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl, and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl; In certain embodiments, R 3 is substituted with substituted phenyl, ethynyl (C2), propynyl (C3), or butynyl (C4) In certain embodiments, the phenyl substituent is further substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, alkyl, trifluoroalkyl, alkoxy, acyl, amino, or amido. 3 is ethynyl (C2), propynyl (C3), or butynyl (C4) substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazoyl, thiazolyl, isoxazoyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, or tetrazolyl; is.

[0612] In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl, propynyl, or butynyl, unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl, halo, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or hydroxyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted aryl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with unsubstituted phenyl or substituted with halo, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, or acyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl. 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl. 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyridinyl, or pyrimidinyl. 3is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazoyl, thiazolyl, isoxazoyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, tetrazolyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, or mofolinyl. 3 is propynyl or butynyl substituted with hydroxyl or alkoxy. In certain embodiments, R 3 is propynyl or butynyl substituted with methoxy or ethoxy. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with chloro. In certain embodiments, R 3 is ethynyl or propynyl substituted with trifluoromethyl.

[0613] In certain embodiments, R 3 is a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted cyclopropyl, or substituted or unsubstituted cyclobutyl.

[0614] In certain embodiments, R 3 is in the alpha configuration. In certain embodiments, R 3 is in the beta configuration.

[0615]

[0616] base R5 and R 6 - when they relate to formulas (DI) to (D-IVb-2ii) In some embodiments, R 5 is in the alpha or beta configuration. In certain embodiments, R 5 is in the alpha configuration. In certain embodiments, R 5 In some embodiments, when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R 5 In some embodiments, the bond between C5 and C6 is a single bond and R 5 In some embodiments, the bond between C5 and C6 is a single bond and R 5 is hydrogen in the alpha configuration.

[0617] In certain embodiments, R 5 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is halogen. In some embodiments, R 5 is a substitution C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 5 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 5 is an unsubstituted C alkyl. In some embodiments, R 5 is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 5 is hydrogen.

[0618] In certain embodiments, R 6 is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In certain embodiments, R 6 is halogen, for example, fluoro. In certain embodiments, R 6 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R 6 is C alkyl, for example, —CH or —CF. In certain embodiments, R 6 is hydrogen, —CH, or —F. In certain embodiments, [ka] represents a single bond, and R 6 is a non-hydrogen substituent in the alpha configuration. In certain embodiments, [ka] represents a single bond, and R 6 is a non-hydrogen substituent in the beta configuration.

[0619] base R 11a and R 11b - when they relate to formulas (DI) to (D-IVb-2ii) In certain embodiments, R 11a is hydrogen or -OR A11 and R A11 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 11b is hydrogen or R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group.

[0620] In certain embodiments, R 11a and R 11b combine to form an oxo (=O) group.

[0621] In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR A11 and R 11b is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR in alpha or beta configuration A11 In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR of alpha placement A11 In certain embodiments, R 11a -OR of beta configuration A11 In certain embodiments, R A11 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, R A11 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-2 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4-5 Alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 5-6 In certain embodiments, R A11 is hydrogen, —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 , or —CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , i.e. a group R of formula —OH, —OCH 3 , —OCH 2 CH 3 , or —OCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 11a to provide.

[0622] In some embodiments, R 11a and R 11b Each of is hydrogen.

[0623] Groups X, n, R 23a , R 23b , R 24a , and R 24b - when they relate to formulas (DI) to (D-IVb-2ii) In certain embodiments, X is -(C(R X )2)n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond.

[0624] In certain embodiments, X is -O-. In certain embodiments, X is -CH2-. In certain embodiments, X is -CF2-.

[0625] In certain embodiments, n is selected from 1, 2, or 3. In some embodiments, n is 1. In some embodiments, n is 2. In some embodiments, n is 3.

[0626] In some embodiments, X is -(C(R X )2- and R X is hydrogen or fluorine. In some embodiments, X is —CH—. In some embodiments, X is —CF—.

[0627] In some embodiments, X is -(C(R X )2)2- and R X is hydrogen or fluorine. In some embodiments, X is —(CH 2 ) 2 —. In some embodiments, X is —(CF 2 ) 2 —.

[0628] In some embodiments, R 23a and R 23b Each of R is independently hydrogen or fluorine. 23a and R 23b Each of R is hydrogen. 23a and R 23b At least one of R is fluorine. 23a and R 23b Each of R is fluorine. 23a and R 23b At least one of R is hydrogen.X and R 23b are linked to form a double bond, for example a cis or trans double bond.

[0629] In some embodiments, R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 24b is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl or R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 It forms a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl.

[0630] In some embodiments, R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 24b is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl or R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 It forms a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl.

[0631] In some embodiments, R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 In some embodiments, R is a non-hydrogen group selected from aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl. 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3 carbocyclyl. In some embodiments, R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3 carbocyclyl. In some embodiments, R 24a is a non-hydrogen group substituted with fluorine. In some embodiments, R 24a is one or more -OR A24 is a non-hydrogen group substituted with a group, R A24 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 It is alkyl.

[0632] In some embodiments, R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24a is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24a is a substitution C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24a is —CH, —CHCH, —CH(CH), or —CF. In some embodiments, R 24a is —CH, —CH(CH), or —CF. In some embodiments, R 24a is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 24ais —CH(CH). In some embodiments, R 24a is -CF3. In some embodiments, R 24a is -CH2OR A24 , -CH2CH2OR A24 , or -CH2CH2CH2OR A24 and R A24 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 It is alkyl.

[0633] In some embodiments, R 24b is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 It is aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl.

[0634] In some embodiments, R 24b is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24b is hydrogen or unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24b is hydrogen. In some embodiments, R 24b is the unsubstituted C 1-6 In some embodiments, R 24b is —CH or —CF. In some embodiments, R 24b is -CH3.

[0635] In some embodiments, R 24a is -CF3, and R 24b is hydrogen or C 1-4 In some embodiments, R 24a is a non-hydrogen group to be substituted with fluorine, and R 24b is -CH3.

[0636] In some embodiments, R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3 carbocyclyl, and R 24b is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-4 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-3 alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C3 carbocyclyl, and R 24b is —H. In some embodiments, R 24a is the unsubstituted C 2-4 Alkyl, unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkenyl or unsubstituted C 2-3 alkynyl, or unsubstituted C3 carbocyclyl, and R 24b is —H. In some embodiments, R 24a is the unsubstituted C 2-4 Alkyl, unsubstituted C 2-3 Alkenyl, unsubstituted C 2-3 alkynyl, or unsubstituted C3 carbocyclyl, and R 24b is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 24b If is H, then R 24a is replaced by CN 1-6 Not alkyl.

[0637] In some embodiments, R 24a is a non-hydrogen group to be substituted with fluorine, and R 24b is -CH3.

[0638] In some embodiments, R 24a is -CH(CH3)2 or -CF3, and R 24b is hydrogen.

[0639] In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24btogether with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form unsubstituted C 3-6 In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a cyclopropyl. In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b taken together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form an unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an unsubstituted 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl.

[0640] In some embodiments, R 3 is C 1-3 alkyl, and R 24a is a non-hydrogen group to be substituted with fluorine, and R 24b is -CH3.

[0641] In some embodiments, R 3 is C 1-3 alkyl, and R 24a is a non-hydrogen group to be substituted with fluorine, and R 24b is hydrogen.

[0642] In some embodiments, R 3 is C 1-3 alkyl, and R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl; R 24b is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 3 is C 1-3 alkyl, and R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl; R 24b is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 3 is -CH3 or -CH2CH3, and R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl; R 24b is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 3 is C 1-3 alkyl, and R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 24b is -CH3. In some embodiments, R 3 is CH3 or -CH2CH3, and R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, and R 24b is -CH3.

[0643] In some embodiments, R 3 is -CH3 or -CH2CH3, and R 23a and R 23b At least one of R is fluorine or 23a and R 23b are both hydrogen.

[0644] In some embodiments, R 3 is -CH3 or -CH2CH3, and R 24ais fluorine or one or more -OR A24 is a non-hydrogen group substituted with a group, R A24 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 It is alkyl.

[0645] In some embodiments, R 3 is -CH3 or -CH2CH3, and R 24b is —CH or —CF. In some embodiments, R 3 is -CH3 or -CH2CH3, and R 24b is -CH3 or -CF3, and R 24a is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl or unsubstituted C 3-6 carbocyclyl.

[0646] In some embodiments, R 3 is -CH3 or -CH2CH3, and R 24a is -CH(CH3)2 or -CF3, and R 24b is hydrogen.

[0647] q, r, and s - when they relate to formulas (DI) to (D-IVb-2ii) In some embodiments, q is selected from 0, 1, or 2, and r is selected from 1 or 2, with the proviso that a) q and r are not both 1, or b) when q is 0, r is not 2. In some embodiments, q and r are not both 1. In some embodiments, when q is 0, r is not 2. In some embodiments, q is 0. In some embodiments, q is 1. In some embodiments, q is 2. In some embodiments, r is 1. In some embodiments, r is 2. In some embodiments, q is 1 and r is 2. In some embodiments, q is 2 and r is 1. In some embodiments, q is 0 and r is 1. In some embodiments, q is 0 and r is 2. In some embodiments, q is 2 and r is 2.

[0648] In some embodiments, s is 1 or 2. In some embodiments, s is 1. In some embodiments, s is 2. In some embodiments, s is 3. In some embodiments, s is 4.

[0649] In some embodiments, q is 1, r is 2, and s is 1. In some embodiments, q is 1, r is 2, and s is 2. In some embodiments, q is 1, r is 2, and s is 3. In some embodiments, q is 1, r is 2, and s is 4.

[0650] In some embodiments, q is 2, r is 1, and s is 1. In some embodiments, q is 2, r is 1, and s is 2. In some embodiments, q is 2, r is 1, and s is 3. In some embodiments, q is 2, r is 1, and s is 4.

[0651] In some embodiments, q is 0, r is 1, and s is 1. In some embodiments, q is 0, r is 1, and s is 2. In some embodiments, q is 0, r is 1, and s is 3. In some embodiments, q is 0, r is 1, and s is 4.

[0652] In some embodiments, q is 2, r is 2, and s is 1. In some embodiments, q is 2, r is 2, and s is 2. In some embodiments, q is 2, r is 2, and s is 3. In some embodiments, q is 2, r is 2, and s is 4.

[0653] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (DI) is any one of compounds D-1, D-2, D-3, D-4, D-5, D-6, D-7, D-8, D-9, D-9a, D-10, D-11, D-12, D-13, D-14, D-15, D-16, or D-17 in Table D-1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (DI) is any one of compounds D-1, D-2, D-3, D-4, D-5, D-6, D-7, D-8, D-9, D-9a, D-10, D-11, D-12, D-13, D-14, D-15, D-16, or D-17 in Table D-1. In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (DI) is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any one of compounds D-1, D-2, D-3, D-4, D-5, D-6, D-7, D-8, D-9, D-9a, D-10, D-11, D-12, D-13, D-14, D-15, D-16, or D-17. In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (DI) is selected from any one of compounds D-1, D-2, D-3, D-4, D-5, D-6, D-7, D-8, D-9, D-10, D-11, D-12, D-13, D-14, D-15, D-16, or D-17 of Table D-1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (DI) is selected from any one of compounds D-1, D-2, D-3, D-4, D-5, D-6, D-7, D-8, D-9, D-10, D-11, D-12, D-13, D-14, D-15, D-16, or D-17 of Table D-1. In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (DI) is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any one of compounds D-1, D-2, D-3, D-4, D-5, D-6, D-7, D-8, D-9, D-10, D-11, D-12, D-13, D-14, D-15, D-16, or D-17 of Table D-1. [Table 4-1] [Table 4-2] [Table 4-3] [Table 4-4]

[0654] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (EI): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R 2a and R 2b each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 is a carbocyclyl, [ka] represents a single bond or a double bond, When the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond, R 9 is non-existent, and R 11 is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 selected from the group consisting of alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, -OH, and -amino; When the bond between C9 and C11 is a single bond, R 9 is hydrogen and R 11is halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl or R 9 and R 11 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl ring, When the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R 5 is non-existent, and R 6 is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, When the bond between C5 and C6 is a single bond, R 5 and R 6 each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 18 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A18 and R A18 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 19 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A19 and R A19 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond, n is 1 or 2, R 23a and R 23b are each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R 24a is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 24b is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, or R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; The present invention provides a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein s is 1 or 2.

[0655] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula (E-Ia): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R 2a and R 2b each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, or -OR A2 and R A2 is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 3 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 is a carbocyclyl, [ka] represents a single bond or a double bond, When the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond, R 9 is non-existent, and R 11 is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-10 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 selected from the group consisting of alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, -OH, and -amino; When the bond between C9 and C11 is a single bond, R 9 is hydrogen and R 11 is halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl or R 9 and R 11 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl ring, R 6 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, or halogen, provided that if there is a single bond between C5 and C6, the hydrogen at C5 is in the alpha configuration; R 18 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A18 and R A18 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, R 19 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl or OR A19 and R A19 is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 is alkyl, X is -(C(R X )2) n - or -O-, and R X is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R X Groups and R 23b combine to form a double bond, n is 1 or 2, R 23a and R 23b are each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R 24a is substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2-6 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6-14 aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl; R 24b is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C 1-6 alkyl, or R 24a and R 24b together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C 3-6 forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; The present invention provides a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein s is 1 or 2.

[0656] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EI) is a compound of formula (EIA): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0657] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EI) is a compound of formula (EIB): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0658] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EI) is a compound of formula (EIC): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0659] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EI) is a compound of formula (EID): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0660] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EID) is a compound of formula (EIDi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0661] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EIDi) is a compound of formula (EIDi-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0662] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EIDi-1) is a compound of formula (EIDi-1a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0663] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EIDi-1) is a compound of formula (EIDi-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0664] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EIDi) is a compound of formula (EIDi-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0665] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EIDi-2) is a compound of formula (EIDi-2a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0666] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EIDi-2) is a compound of formula (EIDi-2b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0667] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EI) is a compound of formula (EIE): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0668] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EIE) is a compound of formula (EIEi): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0669] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EIEi) is a compound of formula (EIEi-1): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0670] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EIEi-1) is a compound of formula (EIEi-1a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0671] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EIEi-1) is a compound of formula (EIEi-1b): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0672] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EIEi) is a compound of formula (EIEi-2): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0673] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EIEi-2) is a compound of formula (EIEi-2a): [ka] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0674] In some embodiments, the compound of formula (EIEi-2) is a compoun...

Claims

1. A compound of formula (AI), 【1714】 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R ２ａ and R ２ｂ each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ Carbocyclyl, or -OR Ａ２ and R Ａ２ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ３ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ is a carbocyclyl, R ５ is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ６ is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ９ is absent or hydrogen, or R ９ and R １１ａ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ forming a carbocyclyl ring, R １１ａ is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, or -OR Ａ１１ and R Ａ１１ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R １１ｂ is absent or hydrogen, or R １１ａ and R １１ｂ combine to form an oxo (=O) group, R １５ Each example is hydrogen, halogen, —OH, —NH ２ , substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R １６ is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH ２ , substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R １５ and R １６ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ forming a carbocyclyl, R １８ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl or OR Ａ１８ and R Ａ１８ Each instance of is independently substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R １９ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl or OR Ａ１９ and R Ａ１９ Each instance of is independently substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ２０ａ is halogen, cyano, substituted C １－６ Alkyl, unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ is a carbocyclyl, R ２０ｂ is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkoxy, or substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ carbocyclyl or Or R ２０ａ and R ２０ｂ But both are simultaneously -CH ３ and X is -(C(R Ｘ ) ２ ) ｎ - or -O-, and R Ｘ is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R Ｘ Groups and R ２３ｂ combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R ２３ａ and R ２３ｂ each instance of is independently hydrogen or fluorine; R ２４ａ is substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ６－１４ selected from the group consisting of aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl; R ２４ｂ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ６－１４ aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl; Or R ２４ａ and R ２４ｂ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; s is 1, 2, or 3; each 【1715】 independently represent a single bond or a double bond, provided that when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R ５ is absent and the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond, then R ９ and R １１ｂ is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

2. The compound of formula (AI) 【Table 24-1】 【Table 24-2】 【Table 24-3】 2. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, selected from the group consisting of:

3. A compound of formula (BI), 【1716】 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R ２ａ and R ２ｂ each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ Carbocyclyl, or -OR Ａ２ and R Ａ２ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ３ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ is a carbocyclyl, R ５ is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ６ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ alkyl, or halogen; R ９ is absent or hydrogen, or R ９ and R １１ａ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ forming a carbocyclyl, R １１ａ is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, or -OR Ａ１１ and R Ａ１１ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R １１ｂ is absent or hydrogen, or R １１ａ and R １１ｂ combine to form an oxo (=O) group, R １５ is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH ２ , substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R １６ is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH ２ , substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R １７ is absent, hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ alkyl, provided that when the bond between C16 and C17 is a double bond, R １７ is non-existent, or Or R １５ and R １６ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ Forming a carbocyclyl, or Or R １６ and R １７ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ forming a carbocyclyl, However, R １５ and R １６ and R １６ and R １７ are both substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ cannot form a carbocyclyl, However, R １５ , R １６ , and R １７ At least one of the atoms is not hydrogen, R １８ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, OR Ａ１８ and R Ａ１８ is substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R １９ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, OR Ａ１９ and R Ａ１９ is substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, X is -(C(R Ｘ ) ２ ) ｎ - or -O-, and R Ｘ is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R Ｘ Groups and R ２３ｂ combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R ２３ａ and R ２３ｂ each instance of is independently hydrogen or fluorine; R ２４ａ is substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ６－１４ selected from the group consisting of aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl; R ２４ｂ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Is it alkyl? Or R ２４ａ and R ２４ｂ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, q is 0, 1, or 2; u is 1 or 2; s is 1 or 2; each 【1717】 independently represent a single bond or a double bond, provided that when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R ５ is absent and the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond, then R ９ and R １１ｂ is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

4. The compound of formula (BI) 【Table 25-1】 【Table 25-2】 【Table 25-3】 4. The compound of claim 3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, selected from the group consisting of: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

5. A compound of formula (CI), 【1718】 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R ２ａ and R ２ｂ each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ Carbocyclyl, or -OR Ａ２ and R Ａ２ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ３ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ is a carbocyclyl, R ５ is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ６ is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ９ is absent or hydrogen, or R ９ and R １１ａ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ forming a carbocyclyl ring, R １１ａ is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, or -OR Ａ１１ and R Ａ１１ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R １１ｂ is absent or hydrogen, or R １１ａ and R １１ｂ combine to form an oxo (=O) group, R １５ Each example is hydrogen, halogen, —OH, —NH ２ , substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R １６ is hydrogen, halogen, -OH, -NH ２ , substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ carbocyclyl, or substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl; R １５ and R １６ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ forming a carbocyclyl, R １８ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl or OR Ａ１８ and R Ａ１８ Each instance of is independently substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R １９ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl or OR Ａ１９ and R Ａ１９ Each instance of is independently substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, X is -(C(R Ｘ ) ２ ) ｎ - or -O-, and R Ｘ is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R Ｘ Groups and R ２３ｂ combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R ２３ａ and R ２３ｂ are each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R ２５ａ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ６－１４ aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl; R ２５ｂ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ６－１４ aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl; Or R ２５ａ and R ２５ｂ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; s is 1 or 2; each 【1719】 independently represent a single bond or a double bond; However, when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R ５ is absent and the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond, then R ９ and R １１ｂ is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

6. The compound of formula (CI) 【Table 26-1】 【Table 26-2】 【Table 26-3】 【Table 26-4】 6. The compound of claim 5, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, selected from the group consisting of:

7. A compound of formula (DI), 【1720】 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R ２ａ and R ２ｂ each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ Carbocyclyl, or -OR Ａ２ and R Ａ２ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ３ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ is a carbocyclyl, R ５ is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ６ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ alkyl, or halogen; R １１ａ is hydrogen or -OR Ａ１１ and R Ａ１１ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ alkyl, and R １１ｂ is hydrogen or R １１ａ and R １１ｂ combine to form an oxo (=O) group, X is -(C(R Ｘ ) ２ ) ｎ - or -O-, and R Ｘ is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R Ｘ Groups and R ２３ｂ combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R ２３ａ and R ２３ｂ are each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R ２４ａ is substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ６－１４ selected from the group consisting of aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl; R ２４ｂ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Is it alkyl? Or R ２４ａ and R ２４ｂ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; s is 1, 2, 3, or 4; provided that a) q and r are not both 1, or b) when q is 0, r is not 2; 【1721】 represents a single bond or a double bond, provided that when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R ５ is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

8. The compound of formula (DI) 【Table 27-1】 【Table 27-2】 【Table 27-3】 【Table 27-4】 8. The compound of claim 7, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, selected from the group consisting of:

9. A compound of formula (EI), 【1722】 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R ２ａ and R ２ｂ each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ Carbocyclyl, or -OR Ａ２ and R Ａ２ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ３ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ is a carbocyclyl, 【1723】 represents a single bond or a double bond, When the bond between C9 and C11 is a double bond, R ９ is non-existent, and R １１ is hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ selected from the group consisting of alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, —OH, and -amino; When the bond between C9 and C11 is a single bond, R ９ is hydrogen, and R １１ is halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ alkyl or R ９ and R １１ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ forming a carbocyclyl ring, When the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R ５ is non-existent, and R ６ is hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, When the bond between C5 and C6 is a single bond, R ５ and R ６ each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R １８ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl or OR Ａ１８ and R Ａ１８ is substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R １９ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl or OR Ａ１９ and R Ａ１９ is substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, X is -(C(R Ｘ ) ２ ) ｎ - or -O-, and R Ｘ is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R Ｘ Groups and R ２３ｂ combine to form a double bond, n is 1 or 2, R ２３ａ and R ２３ｂ are each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R ２４ａ is substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ６－１４ selected from the group consisting of aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl; R ２４ｂ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ alkyl, or R ２４ａ and R ２４ｂ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 6-membered heterocyclyl, q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; A compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein s is 1 or 2.

10. The compound of formula (EI) 【Table 28-1】 【Table 28-2】 【Table 28-3】 10. The compound of claim 9, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, selected from the group consisting of: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

11. A compound of formula (FI), 【1724】 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R ２ａ and R ２ｂ each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ Carbocyclyl, or -OR Ａ２ and R Ａ２ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ３ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ is a carbocyclyl, R ５ is absent, hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ alkyl, or halogen; R ６ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ alkyl, or halogen; R １１ａ is hydrogen or -OR Ａ１１ and R Ａ１１ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ alkyl, and R １１ｂ is hydrogen or R １１ａ and R １１ｂ combine to form an oxo (=O) group, R １８ is hydrogen, unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkyl, substituted C １－６ Alkyl or OR Ａ１８ and R Ａ１８ Each instance of is independently substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R １９ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl or OR Ａ１９ and R Ａ１９ Each instance of is independently substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, X is -(C(R Ｘ ) ２ ) ｎ - or -O-, and R Ｘ is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R Ｘ Group and R ２３ｂ combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R ２３ａ and R ２３ｂ are each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R ２４ａ is substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ６－１４ selected from the group consisting of aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl; R ２４ｂ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Is it alkyl? Or R ２４ａ and R ２４ｂ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; s is 1 or 2; 【1725】 represents a single bond or a double bond, provided that when a double bond is present between C5 and C6, R ５ is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

12. The compound of formula (FI) 【Table 29-1】 【Table 29-2】 12. The compound of claim 11, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, selected from the group consisting of: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

13. A compound of formula (GI), 【1726】 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R ２ａ and R ２ｂ each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ Carbocyclyl, or -OR Ａ２ and R Ａ２ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ３ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ is alkynyl, R ５ is absent, hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ alkyl, or halogen; R ６ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ alkyl, or halogen; R １９ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkyl or OR Ａ１９ and R Ａ１９ Each instance of is independently substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R １１ａ is hydrogen or -OR Ａ１１ and R Ａ１１ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ alkyl, and R １１ｂ is hydrogen or R １１ａ and R １１ｂ combine to form an oxo (=O) group, X is -(C(R Ｘ ) ２ ) ｎ - or -O-, and R Ｘ is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R Ｘ Groups and R ２３ｂ combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R ２３ａ and R ２３ｂ are each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R ２４ａ is substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ Carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ６－１４ selected from the group consisting of aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl; R ２４ｂ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Is it alkyl? Or R ２４ａ and R ２４ｂ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ forming a carbocyclyl, q is 0, 1, or 2; r is 1 or 2; s is 1, 2, 3, or 4; 【1727】 represents a single bond or a double bond, provided that when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R ５ is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

14. The compound of formula (GI) 【Table 30-1】 【Table 30-2】 14. The compound of claim 13, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, selected from the group consisting of: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

15. A compound of formula (HI), 【1728】 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, During the ceremony, R ２ａ and R ２ｂ each independently represents hydrogen, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ Carbocyclyl, or -OR Ａ２ and R Ａ２ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ３ is a substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C ２－６ Alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C ３－１０ is a carbocyclyl, R ５ is absent, hydrogen, halogen, or substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ is alkyl, R ６ is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C １－６ alkyl, or halogen; R １１ａ is hydrogen or -OR Ａ１１ and R Ａ１１ is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, and R １１ｂ is hydrogen or R １１ａ and R １１ｂ combine to form an oxo (=O) group, X is -(C(R Ｘ ) ２ ) ｎ - or -O-, and R Ｘ is hydrogen or fluorine, or one R Ｘ Groups and R ２３ｂ combine to form a double bond, n is 1, 2, or 3; R ２３ａ and R ２３ｂ are each independently hydrogen or fluorine; R ２４ａ is selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups; R ２４ｂ is hydrogen, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, Or R ２４ａ and R ２４ｂ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted C ３－６ forming a carbocyclyl or a substituted or unsubstituted 3- to 10-membered heterocyclyl, s is 1, 2, or 3; 【1729】 represents a single bond or a double bond, provided that when the bond between C5 and C6 is a double bond, R ５ is absent, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

16. The compound of formula (HI) is 【Table 31-1】 【Table 31-2】 【Table 31-3】 16. The compound of claim 15, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, selected from the group consisting of: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

17. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of any one of claims 1 to 16 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

18. 17. A composition for treating a CNS-related condition in a subject, comprising a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 16 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

19. The CNS-related condition is an adjustment disorder, an anxiety disorder (including obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and social phobia), a cognitive disorder (including Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia), a dissociative disorder, an eating disorder, a mood disorder (including depression, bipolar disorder, and dysthymic disorder), schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders (including schizoaffective disorder), a sleep disorder (including insomnia), a substance-related disorder, a personality disorder (including obsessive-compulsive personality disorder), an autism spectrum disorder (Sh ank protein group), neurodevelopmental disorders (including Rett syndrome, tuberous sclerosis), pain (including acute and chronic pain), encephalopathy secondary to medical conditions (including hepatic encephalopathy and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis), seizure disorders (including status epilepticus and monogenic epilepsies such as Dravet disease), stroke, traumatic brain injury, movement disorders (including Huntington's disease and Parkinson's disease), and tinnitus.

20. 17. A composition for inducing sedation or anesthesia in a subject, comprising a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 16 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

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