Shoulder implant components

Abstract

To provide a shoulder implant system.SOLUTION: A shoulder implant system 100 includes: a humeral stem implant 110, which is placed within the patient's humerus; a humeral head implant component 250, which has a convex outer surface 255 that engages with a concave surface of a glenoid implant 310; and a humeral neck implant component 210, which is connected to each of the humeral stem implant 110 and the humeral head implant component 250, thereby linking them together. A gap G is formed between opposing surfaces, facing each other, of the humeral stem implant 110 and the humeral head implant component 250.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1B

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 448,205, filed Jan. 19, 2017, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] Copyright A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material that is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction of any of the patent disclosure as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent files or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights therein.

[0003] The present disclosure relates generally to a shoulder implant system, and more particularly to a shoulder implant system including a humeral stem implant and a glenoid implant. [Background technology]

[0004] People who experience shoulder joint pain may find relief through shoulder replacement surgery in which one or more portions of a person's anatomy are replaced with one or more implant components. In such cases, the upper portion of the patient's humerus (e.g., a portion of the humeral head) is amputated. The humerus is then centered and prepared to receive a stem implant therein. Some conventional stem implants have a relatively long body that penetrates the shank region of the humerus to help align the stem implant during installation, which can cause it to catch on the cortical bone, which may be undesirable.

[0005] The stem implant is inserted / placed within the prepared humerus and coupled with the humeral neck implant component and the humeral head implant component, such that the combination generally replaces the patient's natural humeral head of the humerus.

[0006] In some patients, the patient's glenoid is replaced with a glenoid implant for a humeral head implant component that compresses during movement of the patient's arm. Conventional glenoid implants typically require that the surface of the patient's glenoid be prepared by shaving and drilling a set of holes or holes therein to receive the pegs of the glenoid implant to hold the glenoid implant in place. The glenoid implant is typically cemented in place by the surgeon positioning the glenoid implant in place and holding it until the bone cement has hardened.

[0007] The present disclosure aims to solve and / or ameliorate the above-mentioned deficiencies as well as to solve other problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a humeral stem implant includes a lower stem portion, an upper stem portion, a first pair of fins, and a second pair of fins. The lower stem portion has a central axis. The upper stem portion extends from the lower stem portion and has a tapered surface angled relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion. The first pair of fins extends from an outer surface of the upper stem portion and provides rotational stability to the humeral stem implant by engaging cancellous bone. The second pair of fins extends from an outer surface of the upper stem portion and provides rotational stability to the humeral stem implant by engaging cancellous bone. The second pair of fins is generally disposed on an opposite side of the upper stem portion to the first pair of fins.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a humeral stem implant includes a lower stem portion, an upper stem portion, a first pair of parallel fins, and a second pair of parallel fins. The lower stem portion has a central axis. The upper stem portion has a tapered surface extending from the lower stem portion and angled relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion. The first pair of parallel fins is coupled to a posterior portion of an outer surface of the upper stem portion. The second pair of parallel fins is coupled to an anterior portion of an outer surface of the upper stem portion. The first pair of parallel fins and the second pair of parallel fins are configured to provide rotational stability to the humeral stem implant by directly engaging cancellous bone corresponding to the humeral stem implant seated in the humeral canal of the patient's prepared humerus.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a humeral stem implant includes a lower stem portion, an upper stem portion, a first longitudinal fin, a second longitudinal fin, and a biological ingrowth coating. The lower stem portion has a central axis. The upper stem portion extends from the lower stem portion and has a tapered surface angled relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion. The first longitudinal fin has a first central axis and a first length and is coupled to a rear portion of the outer surface of the upper stem portion to form a first window configured to receive a suture therethrough. The first longitudinal fin is inwardly tapered and has a first central axis at a first angle relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion. The second longitudinal fin has a second central axis and a second length and is coupled to a rear portion of the outer surface of the upper stem portion to form a second window configured to receive a suture therethrough. The second longitudinal fin is inwardly tapered and has a second central axis at a second angle relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion. The second angle is different from the first angle. The second length is less than half the first length. The first longitudinal fin and the second longitudinal fin are configured to provide rotational stability to the humeral stem implant by directly engaging cancellous bone corresponding to the humeral stem implant seated in the humeral canal of the patient's prepared humerus. A biological ingrowth coating is attached to a majority of the outer surface of the upper stem portion, the biological ingrowth coating extending downwardly from the tapered surface by at least one millimeter beyond the first longitudinal fin.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a humeral stem implant includes a lower stem portion, an upper stem portion, and a longitudinal fin. The lower stem portion has a central axis. The upper stem portion extends from the lower stem portion and has a tapered surface angled relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion. The longitudinal fin is coupled to an outer surface of the upper stem portion. The longitudinal fin tapers angularly inwardly relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion. At least a portion of the longitudinal fin forms a wedge that directly engages and compacts cancellous bone during installation of the humeral stem implant.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a glenoid implant for coupling with a patient's prepared glenoid includes a body, a central peg, and a peripheral peg. The body has a concave surface configured to engage a humeral head implant component and a convex surface configured to engage a mating surface of the patient's prepared glenoid. The convex surface has a peripheral region surrounding a central region. The central peg extends from the central region of the convex surface. The central peg is configured to be mated with a central bore of the patient's prepared glenoid. The peripheral peg extends from the peripheral region of the convex surface. The peripheral peg has a first set of resilient projections at a first longitudinal position of the peripheral peg and a second set of resilient projections at a second longitudinal position of the peripheral peg spaced apart from the first longitudinal position.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a glenoid implant for coupling with a prepared glenoid of a patient. The prepared glenoid has a mating surface, a central bore, and a peripheral bore. The glenoid implant includes a body, a central peg, and a peripheral peg. The body has a concave surface configured to engage with a humeral head implant component and a convex surface configured to engage with a mating surface of the prepared glenoid of the patient. The convex surface has a peripheral region surrounding the central region. The central peg extends from the central region of the convex surface. The central peg is configured to be joined to the central bore of the prepared glenoid of the patient. The peripheral peg extends from the peripheral region of the convex surface. The peripheral peg has a first radially extending feature located at a first longitudinal position of the peripheral peg and a second radially extending feature located at a second longitudinal position of the peripheral peg spaced from the first longitudinal position. The first radially extending feature has three protrusions spaced apart about the perimeter peg in a first rotational orientation, and the second radially extending feature has three protrusions spaced apart about the perimeter peg in a second rotational orientation that is angularly offset from the first rotational orientation.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a glenoid implant includes a body, a central peg, and a plurality of peripheral pegs. The body has a first side having a concave surface and a second opposing side having a convex surface. The convex surface is configured to engage a prepared glenoid of a patient. The convex surface has a peripheral region surrounding a central region. The central peg extends from the central region of the convex surface. The plurality of peripheral pegs extend from the peripheral region of the convex surface. Each of the plurality of peripheral pegs has at least a first set of resilient projections at a first longitudinal location and a second set of resilient projections at a second longitudinal location spaced from the first longitudinal location.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a glenoid implant includes a body, a central peg, and a plurality of peripheral pegs. The body has a first side having a concave surface and a second opposing side having a convex surface. The convex surface is configured to engage a prepared glenoid of a patient. The convex surface has a peripheral region surrounding a central region. The central peg extends from the central region of the convex surface. The plurality of peripheral pegs extend from the peripheral region of the convex surface. Each of the plurality of peripheral pegs has a plurality of radially extending features. Each of the plurality of radially extending features has three protrusions spaced apart about a circumference of a respective one of the plurality of peripheral pegs. The three protrusions of a first portion of the plurality of radially extending features have a first rotational orientation. The three protrusions of a second portion of the plurality of radially extending features have a second rotational orientation angularly offset from the first rotational orientation. Three lobes of a third portion of the plurality of radially extending features have a third rotational orientation that is angularly offset from the first and second rotational orientations.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a glenoid implant for coupling with a patient's prepared glenoid. The prepared glenoid has a mating surface, a central bore, and a peripheral bore. The glenoid implant includes a body, a central peg, and a peripheral peg. The body has a concave surface configured to engage the humeral head implant component and a convex surface configured to engage with the mating surface of the patient's prepared glenoid. The convex surface has a peripheral region surrounding the central region. The central peg extends from the central region of the convex surface. The central peg is configured to be secured in the central bore of the patient's prepared glenoid. The peripheral peg extends from the peripheral region of the convex surface. The peripheral peg has at least one radially extending feature. In response to at least a portion of the convex surface directly engaging the mating surface of the prepared glenoid, at least one radially extending feature of the peripheral peg is configured to engage cancellous bone of the prepared glenoid and provide a sufficient amount of self-pressurization for the bone cement between the central peg and the central bore to harden with at least a portion of the convex surface maintaining its direct engagement with the mating surface of the prepared glenoid, and no external forces are applied to the glenoid implant.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a method of making a glenoid implant includes providing a stock glenoid component. The stock glenoid component includes a body, a central peg, and a peripheral peg. The body has a first side having a concave surface and a second opposing side having a convex surface. The convex surface has a peripheral region surrounding a central region. The central peg extends from the central region of the convex surface. The peripheral peg extends from the peripheral region of the convex surface. The peripheral peg has a generally cylindrical portion. The generally cylindrical portion of the peripheral peg is cut via at least one of one or more tools, thereby forming a plurality of radially extending discs. The generated plurality of radially extending discs are cut via at least one of the one or more tools in one or more spiral patterns relative to a central axis of the peripheral peg, thereby modifying each of the plurality of radially extending discs to have three lobes spaced apart about a periphery of the peripheral peg.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a method of installing a glenoid implant in a prepared glenoid of a patient is described. The prepared glenoid has a mating surface, a central bore, and a plurality of peripheral bores. The method includes providing a glenoid implant. The provided glenoid implant includes a body, a central peg, and a plurality of peripheral pegs. The body has a first side having a concave surface and a second opposing side having a convex surface. The convex surface has a peripheral region surrounding the central region. The central peg extends from the central region of the convex surface. The plurality of peripheral pegs extend from the peripheral region of the convex surface. Each of the peripheral pegs has at least one radially extending feature. A bone cement is applied to at least a portion of the central peg. The glenoid implant is positioned via at least one of the one or more tools such that (i) at least a portion of the convex surface directly engages a mating surface of the prepared glenoid, (ii) the central peg is positioned within the central bore of the prepared glenoid, and (iii) each of the plurality of peripheral pegs is positioned within a respective one of the peripheral bores of the prepared glenoid. At least one of the one or more tools is disengaged from the glenoid implant before bone cement is applied to at least a portion of said central peg setting. While the bone cement sets, the position of the glenoid implant is maintained relative to the prepared glenoid via a radially extending feature of at least one of the plurality of peripheral pegs.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a shoulder implant system includes a humeral stem implant, a humeral neck implant component, a humeral head implant component, and a glenoid implant. The humeral stem implant has a fin coupled to an outer surface thereof. The fin is tapered inwardly at an angle relative to the vertical. At least a portion of the fin forms a wedge that directly engages and compacts cancellous bone during installation of the humeral stem implant. The humeral neck implant component is configured to couple to the humeral stem implant such that a portion of the humeral neck implant component protrudes from an oblique surface of the humeral stem implant. The humeral head implant component is configured to couple to a portion of the humeral neck implant component that protrudes from an oblique surface of the humeral stem implant. The glenoid implant has a concave surface configured to engage the humeral head implant component.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a shoulder implant system includes a humeral stem implant, a humeral neck implant component, a humeral head implant component, and a glenoid implant. The humeral stem implant has an internal bore. The humeral neck implant component is configured to be coupled to the humeral stem implant via the internal bore such that a portion of the humeral neck implant component protrudes from the humeral stem implant. The humeral head implant component is configured to be coupled to a portion of the humeral neck implant component protruding from the humeral stem implant. The glenoid implant has a body, a central peg, and a peripheral peg. The body has a first side having a concave surface and a second opposing side having a convex surface. The concave surface is configured to engage the humeral head implant component. The convex surface is configured to engage a prepared glenoid of the patient. The convex surface has a peripheral region surrounding the central region. The central peg extends from the central region of the convex surface, and the peripheral peg extends from the peripheral region of the convex surface. The perimeter peg has a first set of resilient protrusions at a first longitudinal location and a second set of resilient protrusions at a second longitudinal location spaced from the first longitudinal location.

[0021] Further aspects and embodiments of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the detailed description of the various embodiments which proceeds with reference to the drawings, and are briefly described below. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1A] FIG. 1 illustrates an assembled perspective view of a shoulder implant system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 1B] FIG. 1B is an assembled side cross-sectional view of the shoulder implant system of FIG. 1A. [Figure 2A] FIG. 1B is a first exploded perspective view of the shoulder implant system of FIG. 1A. [Figure 2B] FIG. 1B is a second exploded perspective view of the shoulder implant system of FIG. 1A. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1B is a perspective view of a glenoid implant of the shoulder implant system of FIG. 1A according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4A] FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of a peripheral peg of the glenoid implant of FIG. 3. [Figure 4B] FIG. 4B is a plan view of the perimeter peg of FIG. 4A. [Figure 4C] FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view of the perimeter peg of FIG. 4B taken along line 4C-4C. [Figure 4D] FIG. 4D is a cross-sectional view of the perimeter peg of FIG. 4B taken along line 4D-4D. [Figure 4E] FIG. 4E is a cross-sectional view of the perimeter peg of FIG. 4B taken along line 4E-4E. [Figure 4F] FIG. 4F is a cross-sectional view of the perimeter peg of FIG. 4B taken along line 4F-4F. [Figure 4G] FIG. 4G is a cross-sectional view of the perimeter peg of FIG. 4B taken along line 4G-4G. [Figure 5A] FIG. 4B is a perspective view of the perimeter peg of FIG. 4A with multiple radially extending features exploded to better illustrate radially extending features according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 5B] FIG. 5B is a perspective view of an enlarged view of one of the radially extending features of FIG. 5A. [Figure 6A]13A-13C are side views illustrating a tool beginning to form perimeter pegs according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 6B] FIG. 6B is a perspective view of a partially formed version of the perimeter peg of FIG. 6A. [Figure 6C] FIG. 6C is a side view showing a tool that modifies a partially formed version of the perimeter peg of FIG. 6B by forming a plurality of radially extending disk features. [Figure 6D] FIG. 6D is a perspective view of the modified perimeter peg of FIG. 6C having a plurality of radially extending disk features. [Figure 6E] FIG. 6E is a side view showing a tool forming spiral grooves in a plurality of radially extending disk features of the modified peripheral peg of FIG. 6D. [Figure 6F] FIG. 6F is a perspective view of the modified perimeter peg of FIG. 6E having a plurality of radially extending disk features cut with spiral grooves. [Figure 6G] FIG. 6C is a side view showing a tool forming a second spiral groove in the multiple radially extending disk features of the modified peripheral peg of FIG. 6F. [Figure 6H] FIG. 6H is a perspective view of the modified peripheral peg of FIG. 6G having a plurality of radially extending disk features with a spiral groove and a second spiral groove cut therein, thereby forming each of the plurality of radially extending disk features into three resilient protrusions according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7A] FIG. 1B is a front or medial perspective view of a humeral stem implant of the shoulder implant system of FIG. 1A according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7B] FIG. 7B is a rear or side perspective view of the humeral stem implant of FIG. 7A. [Figure 7C] FIG. 7B is a front or medial plan view of the humeral stem implant of FIG. 7A. [Figure 7D] FIG. 7B is a posterior or lateral plan view of the humeral stem implant of FIG. 7A. [Figure 7E] FIG. 7B is a side (posterior or anterior) plan view of the humeral stem implant of FIG. 7A. [Figure 7F] FIG. 7F is a partial cross-sectional view of the humeral stem implant of FIG. 7E taken along line 7F-7F. [Figure 7G] FIG. 7G is a cross-sectional view of the humeral stem implant of FIG. 7E taken along line 7G-7G. [Figure 7H] FIG. 7H is a partial cross-sectional view of the humeral stem implant of FIG. 7E taken along line 7H-7H. [Figure 7I] FIG. 7I is a partial cross-sectional view of the humeral stem implant of FIG. 7E taken along line 7I-7I.

[0023] While the present disclosure is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments have been shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed. Rather, the disclosure is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0024] While the present disclosure is susceptible to modification of embodiments in many different forms, the present disclosure is illustrated in the drawings and preferred embodiments of the disclosure will be described in detail, with the understanding that the disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles of the disclosure and is not intended to limit the broad aspects of the disclosure to the illustrated embodiments.

[0025] 1A-2B, shoulder implant system 100 includes humeral stem implant 110, humeral neck implant component 210, humeral head implant component 250, and glenoid implant 310. Generally, humeral stem implant 110 is placed / implanted into a patient's prepared humerus such that a portion of humeral stem implant 110 (e.g., tapered surface 132 shown in FIG. 7A) remains exposed and is coupled to a first end portion 212a (FIGS. 2A and 2B) of humeral neck implant component 210. As such, a second opposing end 212b of humeral neck implant component 210 is exposed and protruding to allow humeral head implant component 250 to be coupled thereto (best shown in FIG. 1B).

[0026] The humeral neck implant component 210 has a first end 212a, a second end 212b, a central portion 214, and a throughbore 220 (best shown in FIG. 1B). The first end 212a has a generally tapered cylindrical shape such that the humeral neck implant component 210 can mate with the internal bore 135 of the humeral stem implant 110 in a taper lock configuration (e.g., Morse taper lock). Specifically, the first end 212a extends from the central portion 214 toward the first end 212a along a central axis X of the humeral neck implant component 210. N 2. Similarly, the second end 212b has a generally tapered cylindrical shape to enable the humeral neck implant component 210 to mate with the humeral head implant component 250 in a taper lock configuration (e.g., Morse taper lock). Specifically, the second end 212b extends from the central portion 214 toward the second end 212b relative to the central axis X of the humeral neck implant component 210. N It tapers inward in the direction along the

[0027] As shown, the second end 212b has a relatively larger maximum outer diameter as compared to the first end 212a, although vice versa is contemplated. In such an embodiment, the difference in maximum outer diameter between the first end 212a and the second end 212b facilitates proper coupling of the humeral neck implant component 210 to the humeral stem implant 110 and the humeral head implant component 250.

[0028] The through hole 220 in the humeral neck implant component 210 may allow a tool to be placed therethrough to facilitate removal of the humeral neck implant component 210 from engagement (e.g., taper lock engagement) with the humeral stem implant 110. In some alternative embodiments, the humeral neck implant component 210 does not include a through hole 220.

[0029] Although the humeral neck implant component 210 is shown having a particular shape (i.e., generally cylindrical) and size, the humeral neck implant component 210 may have a variety of other shapes and / or sizes. For example, the humeral neck implant component 210 can have a non-rotated shape, such as a generally rectangular cuboid shape, a generally cloverleaf-shaped cross-section, a generally triangular cross-section, or the like, or any combination thereof.

[0030] The humeral head implant component 250 has a generally convex outer surface 255 (best shown in FIG. 2A), a generally planar inner surface 260 (best shown in FIG. 2B), an internal bore 270 (best shown in FIG. 2B), and an outer flange 280 (best shown in FIG. 1B). The generally convex outer surface 255 has a generally hemispherical shape and is for engaging a corresponding concave surface 322 (FIG. 2B) of the glenoid implant 310 during operation of the shoulder implant system 100 in a patient.

[0031] The internal bore 270 of the humeral head implant component 250 is for engaging with the second end 212b of the humeral neck implant component 210 in a taper lock configuration (e.g., Morse taper lock) as previously described. Thus, the internal bore 270 extends from the central portion 214 toward the second end 212b along the central axis X of the humeral neck implant component 210 as shown in FIG. 1B. N It tapers inward in the direction along the

[0032] The generally flat inner surface 260 is set back (i.e., recessed) from the edge 285 (FIG. 1B) of the outer flange 280 such that the generally flat inner surface 260 does not directly engage or contact the humeral stem implant 110 (i) during installation of the humeral head implant component 250 onto the humeral neck implant component 210, which can prevent the taper lock from being secured therebetween, and / or (ii) when the humeral head implant component 250 is fully engaged or fully seated in the humeral neck implant component 210. In some such embodiments, the internal bore 270 of the humeral head implant component 250 and the second end 212b of the humeral neck implant component 210 are configured such that a gap G is maintained between the generally flat inner surface 260 and the tapered surface 132 (FIG. 7A) of the humeral stem implant 110. Gap G can be, for example, between about half a millimeter and about 3 millimeters, between about half a millimeter and about 2 millimeters, between about half a millimeter and about 1 millimeter, about 1 millimeter, etc. In some embodiments, gap G also provides space to allow the humeral head implant component 250 to move (e.g., flex, tilt, etc.) relative to the humeral stem implant 110 when placed in a patient.

[0033] 3-4G, the glenoid implant 310 includes a body 320, a central peg 330, and three peripheral pegs 350 (any number of peripheral pegs is contemplated, such as, but not limited to, one peripheral peg, two peripheral pegs, four peripheral pegs, five peripheral pegs, etc.). The body 320 of the glenoid implant 310 has an irregular shape that generally corresponds to the shape of the natural glenoid cavity or natural glenoid groove of the patient's scapula. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the body 320 is generally oval.

[0034] The body 320 has a laterally facing concave surface 322 (best shown in FIG. 2B ) for engaging the humeral head implant component 250. The body 320 also has a medially facing convex surface 324 (best shown in FIG. 3 ) configured to engage a mating surface of a patient's prepared glenoid (e.g., a patient's shaved and / or drilled glenoid). The convex surface 324 generally has a peripheral region 325b surrounding a central region 325a. The central region 325a includes a geometric center of the convex surface 324 and a portion of the convex surface 324 that surrounds the geometric center. In some embodiments, the central region 325a includes about 5 percent to about 30 percent of the total surface area of ​​the convex surface 324, and the peripheral region 325b is the balance. In some embodiments, the central region 325a includes about 10 percent to about 25 percent of the total surface area of ​​the convex surface 324, and the peripheral region 325b is the balance. In some embodiments, the central region 325a comprises about 15 percent to about 20 percent of the total surface area of ​​the convex surface 324, and the peripheral region 325b is the balance. Although the central region 325a is shown as a generally circular region centered about the central peg 330, the central region 325a can have any shape (e.g., oval, square, triangular, polygonal, etc., or any combination thereof). The body 320 of the glenoid implant 310 also has an end surface 326 that extends between the concave surface 322 and the convex surface 324. The end surface 326 varies based on the thickness of the body 320.

[0035] The glenoid implant 310 is a single monolithic piece. In some embodiments, the glenoid implant 310 is milled from a solid block of material. In other embodiments, the glenoid implant 310 is made by a 3D printer that prints the glenoid implant 310 as a single monolithic piece. Alternatively, the glenoid implant 310 is not monolithic. In some such alternative embodiments, the body 320 of the glenoid implant 310 is a first piece attached to the central peg 330 and the peripheral peg 350, which are each separate pieces. The glenoid implant 310 can be made from any material, such as, for example, plastic (e.g., polyethylene, high density polyethylene, ultra high density polyethylene, etc.), metal (e.g., stainless steel, nickel, titanium, etc.), ceramic, or any combination thereof.

[0036] The central peg 330 is aligned with the central axis X. C (FIG. 3), each of the three peripheral pegs 350 is aligned along a respective central axis X P1 , X P2 and X P3 (Figure 3) The central axis X C is the central axis X P1 , X P2 , X P3 , and the glenoid implant 310 is installed in a single medial orientation such that the central peg 330 and the three peripheral pegs 350 can enter and engage their respective holes drilled in the patient's prepared glenoid at approximately the same time (e.g., the central peg 330 enters first due to its relatively greater height / length).

[0037] The central peg 330 has a cylindrical body 331 having a first end integral with the body 320 of the glenoid implant 310 and a second opposing end which forms a rounded and / or tapered tip 332 of the central peg 330. The tip 332 of the central peg 330 facilitates engagement and entry of the central peg 330 into a prepared glenoid central bore (not shown) during installation of the glenoid implant 310.

[0038] The central peg 330 has a number of fins 340 extending from a cylindrical body 331 of the central peg 330. The fins 340 are rigid and do not bend, flex, deform or move relative to the cylindrical body 331 when the glenoid implant 310 is installed (e.g., the central peg 330 is positioned within the central bore of the patient's prepared glenoid). The fins 340 are spaced apart along the length / height of the cylindrical body 331 and around the periphery of the cylindrical body 331 such that one or more channels 342 (e.g., two vertical channels, three vertical channels, etc.) are formed between the fins 340. The fins 340 and channels 342 provide surfaces, grooves and / or undercuts for engaging and / or retaining bone cement (not shown) for use in securing the central peg 330 within the central bore of the patient's prepared glenoid.

[0039] In some embodiments, the central hole of the prepared glenoid has an inner diameter that is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the central peg 330 (including the fin 340). In this manner, a relatively large bone cement mantle can be formed to help securely bond the central peg 330 to the central hole of the patient's prepared glenoid. In some alternative embodiments, the central hole of the prepared glenoid has an inner diameter that is approximately equal to or slightly smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the central peg 330 (including the fin 340). In such alternative embodiments, the fin 340 is engaged by the central hole and is slightly compressed, but the fin 340 generally does not bend, flex, deform, or move relative to the cylindrical body 331.

[0040] The central peg 330 has a height / length and a maximum outer diameter. In some embodiments, the height of the central peg 330 is between about 5 millimeters and about 30 millimeters. In other embodiments, the height of the central peg 330 is between about 10 millimeters and about 25 millimeters. In some embodiments, the height of the central peg 330 is about 15 millimeters. In some embodiments, the maximum outer diameter of the central peg 330 (including the fins 340) is between about 1 millimeter and about 8 millimeters. In other embodiments, the maximum outer diameter of the central peg 330 is between about 2 millimeters and about 6 millimeters. In other embodiments, the maximum outer diameter of the central peg 330 is between about 3 millimeters and about 5 millimeters.

[0041] Similar to the central peg 330, each of the peripheral pegs 350 has a cylindrical body 351. The cylindrical body 351 has a first end integral with the body 320 of the glenoid implant 310 and a second opposing end which forms a rounded and / or tapered tip 352 (best shown in FIG. 4A ) of the peripheral peg 350. The tip 352 of the peripheral peg 350 engages and assists the peripheral peg 350 in entering a respective peripheral hole (not shown) in the prepared glenoid during installation of the glenoid implant 330.

[0042] Each of the perimeter pegs 350 has a number of radially extending features 360 (FIG. 3) extending from the cylindrical body 351 of the perimeter peg 350. As best shown in FIG. 4A, each perimeter peg 350 has four radially extending features 360a-d extending from the cylindrical body 351, although each perimeter peg 350 may have any number of radially extending features 360 (e.g., one radially extending feature, two radially extending features, three radially extending features, five radially extending features, etc.). The four radially extending features 360 are located at four longitudinal positions of the cylindrical body 351 of the perimeter peg 350.

[0043] Specifically, as shown in FIGURE 4A, a first one of the radially extending features 360a is located at a first longitudinal position of the peripheral peg 350 closest to the convex surface 324 (FIGURE 3) of the body 320 of the glenoid implant 310. A second one of the radially extending features 360b is located at a second longitudinal position of the peripheral peg 350 directly adjacent the distal side of the first radially extending feature 360a. A third one of the radially extending features 360c is located at a third longitudinal position of the peripheral peg 350 directly adjacent the second radially extending feature 360b and distal to the first and second radially extending features 360a, 360b. The fourth one of the radially extending features 360d is located at a fourth longitudinal position of the perimeter peg 350 directly adjacent the third radially extending feature 360c and distal to the first, second and third radially extending features 360a, 360b and 360c. Additionally, the radially extending features 360a-d are separated from one another along the cylindrical body 351 of the perimeter peg 350 such that portions of the cylindrical body 351 are exposed between the radially extending features 360a-d. In this manner, the radially extending features 360 have clearance to flex and / or deflect.

[0044] Each of the radially extending features 360 has a number of protrusions 365. As best shown in FIG. 5A for illustrative purposes of illustrating the radially extending features 360a-d separated from the cylindrical body 351, each of the radially extending features 360a-d has three protrusions 365 spaced circumferentially about the cylindrical body 351. Each protrusion 365 is deflectable, flexible, and resilient such that each protrusion 365 bends or flexes relative to the cylindrical body 351 when the glenoid implant 310 is installed (e.g., when the peripheral pegs 350 are placed in their respective peripheral holes in the patient's prepared glenoid). In some such embodiments, each protrusion 365 flexes and / or deforms when engaged by the cortical bone of the patient's prepared glenoid during installation.

[0045] The protrusions 365 are spaced apart about the periphery of the cylindrical body 351 such that one or more channels 370 are formed between the protrusions 365. As best shown in FIG. 4A and FIGS. 5A-5B, the one or more channels 370 include three channels, each of which is aligned with a central axis X of the perimeter peg 350. P1 In addition, the protrusions 365 of each radially extending feature 360 ​​are angularly offset from the protrusions 365 of each immediately adjacent radially extending feature 360 ​​to contribute to the generally helical shape of the channel 370.

[0046] As best shown in FIGS. 4D-4G, which are cross-sectional views through each of the four radially extending features 360a-d shown in FIG. 4B, a first radially extending feature 360a (FIG. 4D) is aligned with a central axis X. P1 Three protrusions 365 having a first rotation direction around a1 , 365 a2 and 365 a3 The second radially extending feature 360b (FIG. 4E) has three protrusions 365. b1 , 365 b2 and 365 b3 These are aligned along a central axis X P1 The third radially extending feature 360c (FIG. 4F) has a second rotational orientation about the axis 360c, the second rotational orientation (FIG. 4E) being angularly offset from the first rotational orientation (FIG. 4D). c1 , 365 c2 , and 365 c3 This has a central axis X P1 A fourth radially extending feature 360d (FIG. 4G) has a third rotational orientation about a central axis X, the third rotational orientation (FIG. 4F) being angularly offset from the first rotational orientation (FIG. 4D) and the second rotational orientation (FIG. 4E). P1 Three protrusions 365 having a fourth rotational direction centered on d1 , 365 d2 , and 365 d3, with the fourth rotational orientation (FIG. 4G) being angularly offset from the first rotational orientation (FIG. 4D), from the second rotational orientation (FIG. 4E), and from the third rotational orientation (FIG. 4F). The rotational orientations are highlighted / illustrated with three dashed lines for each of the radially extending features 360a-d, which extend from the midpoint through the center of each of the three lobes.

[0047] 5B, an enlarged view of one of the radially extending features 360 is shown exploded from the cylindrical body 351 to better illustrate the radially extending features 360 and the protrusions 365. As shown, each of the protrusions 365 has an upper surface 366a, an opposing lower surface 366b, an outer peripheral surface 366c, and a shared side surface 366d. The shared side surface 366d is shared between two immediately adjacent ones of the protrusions 365. Additionally, the shared side surface 366d is defined by a helical channel 370.

[0048] The protrusions 360 and helical grooves 370 provide surfaces, grooves and / or undercuts to engage and / or retain bone cement (not shown) for use in securing the peripheral peg 350 to the peripheral hole (not shown) of the patient's prepared glenoid. In some embodiments, the peripheral peg 350 is not secured to the peripheral hole with bone cement. Rather, in some such embodiments, the radially extending features 360 engage the cancellous bone of the prepared glenoid and provide a sufficient amount of retention and / or compression such that no bone cement is required between the peripheral peg 350 and the peripheral hole in the patient's prepared glenoid.

[0049] As best shown in FIG. 3, each of the peripheral pegs 350 has a height / length and a maximum outer diameter. The height of each of the peripheral pegs 350 is less than the height of the central peg 330. In some embodiments, the height of each of the peripheral pegs 350 is less than 75 percent of the height of the central peg 330. In some embodiments, the height of each of the peripheral pegs 350 is less than 60 percent of the height of the central peg 330. In some embodiments, the height of each of the peripheral pegs 350 is less than 50 percent of the height of the central peg 330. In some embodiments, the height of each of the peripheral pegs 350 is between 2 millimeters and about 20 millimeters. In another embodiment, the height of each of the peripheral pegs 350 is between 5 millimeters and about 15 millimeters. In some embodiments, the height of each of the peripheral pegs 350 is about 8 millimeters.

[0050] In some embodiments, the maximum outer diameter of each of the peripheral pegs 350 (including the radially extending features 360) is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the central peg 330 (including the fins 340) (e.g., 5% greater, 10% greater, 15% greater, 20% greater, 30% greater, 50% greater, etc.). In some embodiments, the maximum outer diameter of each of the peripheral pegs 350 (including the radially extending features 360) is between about 1 millimeter and about 15 millimeters. In other embodiments, the maximum outer diameter of each of the peripheral pegs 350 (including the radially extending features 360) is between about 3 millimeters and about 8 millimeters. In other embodiments, the maximum outer diameter of each of the peripheral pegs 350 (including the radially extending features 360) is between about 4 millimeters and about 6 millimeters. In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the cylindrical body 351 of each peripheral peg 350 is larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical body 331 of the central peg 330 (e.g., 5% larger, 10% larger, 15% larger, 20% larger, 30% larger, 50% larger, etc.).

[0051] A method of installing the glenoid implant 310 of the present disclosure into a patient's prepared glenoid cavity will now be described. First, the patient's natural glenoid cavity is prepared using techniques and / or tools for shaving the natural glenoid cavity such that the mating or outer surface of the natural glenoid cavity generally matches the convex surface 324 of the glenoid implant 310. This preparation further includes drilling a central hole in the natural glenoid cavity to receive the central peg 330. This preparation further includes drilling a set of peripheral holes in the natural glenoid cavity, for example using a drill guide, to receive each of the three peripheral pegs 350. With the natural glenoid cavity so prepared, the glenoid implant 310 is ready for installation.

[0052] A bone cement is applied to at least a portion of the central peg 330. A bone cement can also be applied to at least a portion of the convex surface 324, although in some embodiments, a bone cement is not applied to the convex surface 324. Additionally, a bone cement can also be applied to at least a portion of one or more of the peripheral pegs 350, although in some embodiments, a bone cement is not applied to any of the peripheral pegs 350.

[0053] Once bone cement is applied to at least a portion of the central peg 330 using a tool for holding the glenoid implant 310, the glenoid implant 310 is fully seated / seated against the prepared glenoid cavity in which it is to be positioned as follows: (1) at least a portion of the convex surface 324 directly engages with the mating surface of the prepared glenoid cavity; (2) the central peg 330 is placed within the central bore of the prepared glenoid cavity; and (3) each of the three peripheral pegs 350 is placed within a respective one of the peripheral bores of the prepared glenoid cavity. During this seating, the tip 332 of the central peg 330 first engages and penetrates the central bore of the prepared glenoid cavity. Then, the tip 352 of each peripheral peg 350 engages and penetrates the respective peripheral bore of the prepared glenoid cavity. As the peripheral pegs 350 are moved into the peripheral holes, protrusions 365 of at least a portion of the radially extending features 360 directly engage the cortical bone of the prepared glenoid, causing the protrusions 365 to flex and / or bend relative to the cylindrical body 351 of each peripheral peg 350. In some such embodiments, the protrusions 365 also deform (e.g., plastically deform) to assume a hook and / or barb shape that engages the cancellous bone of the prepared glenoid when the glenoid implant 310 is fully seated (e.g., when all or a majority of the convex surface 324 directly engages the mating surface of the prepared glenoid).

[0054] Once the glenoid implant 310 is fully seated / seated, the tool holding the glenoid implant 310 is released therefrom before the bone cement has a chance to harden (e.g., cure) between the central peg 330 and the central bore. However, the fully seated / seated position of the glenoid implant 310 relative to the prepared glenoid is maintained without the use of a tool or tools by the radially extending features 360 of the three peripheral pegs 350, which engage the cancellous bone of the prepared glenoid to provide a sufficient amount of self-compression such that: (1) the bone cement between the central peg 330 and the central bore of the prepared glenoid can cure without an external force holding the glenoid implant 310 in place; and (2) if bone cement is applied between at least a portion of the convex surface 324 and the mating surface of the prepared glenoid, the glenoid implant 310 can cure without an external force holding it in place. (3) When a bone cement is applied between at least a portion of one or more of the peripheral pegs 350 and each of the peripheral bore holes of the prepared glenoid, it is allowed to harden without an external force holding the glenoid implant 310 in place.

[0055] 6A-6H, a method of making the glenoid implant 310 of the present disclosure will now generally be described. A block of material (e.g., a plastic cube) is provided and ground into a stock glenoid part. The stock glenoid part has a body 320 having a concave surface 322, a convex surface 324, and an edge surface 326. The block of material is further ground so that the stock glenoid part includes a central peg 330 extending from a central region 325a of the convex surface 324. The block of material is further ground so that the stock glenoid part includes three peripheral peg blanks extending from and integral (i.e., monolithic) with the peripheral regions 325b of the convex surface 324. Each of the peripheral peg blanks is a generally cylindrical piece of material. Each of the peripheral peg blanks is ground using one or more tools 500 (FIG. 6A) to form a portion of cylindrical body 351, tip 352 and generally cylindrical portion 400, as shown in FIG. 6B.

[0056] With the peripheral peg blank so formed (FIG. 6B), the generally cylindrical portion 400 of the peripheral peg blank is cut and / or ground using one or more tools 500 (FIG. 6C) to form a portion of the cylindrical body 351 and a number of radially extending discs 410 extending from the cylindrical body 351, as shown in FIGS. 6C and 6D. With the radially extending discs 410 thus formed, one or more tools 500 (FIGS. 6E and 6G) ​​move in one or more helical paths relative to the central axis XP of the peripheral peg blank to cut and / or ground the formed radially extending discs 410, thereby modifying each of the radially extending discs 410 to have three lobes 365 (FIG. 6H). In some such embodiments, one or more tools 500 move in three separate and distinct helical paths relative to the central axis XP of the peripheral peg blank to form the helical channel 370 and three protrusions 365 of each of the radially extending features 360.

[0057] Instead of the one or more tools 500 being moved in one or more helical paths, one or more tools 500 and / or one or more different tools may be moved in various alternative paths to cut and / or grind each of the created radially extending discs 410 into three separate and distinct lobes. In some such embodiments, one or more tools 500 are moved perpendicular to the central axis XP of the peripheral peg blank to create and / or cut three vertical channels (not shown) in a first of the radially extending discs 410. Thus, the three vertical channels in the first radially extending disc 410 have a first rotational direction. The one or more tools are then repositioned and moved perpendicular to the central axis XP of the peripheral peg blank to form and / or cut three vertical channels (not shown) in a second one of the radially extending disks 410 such that the three vertical channels of the second radially extending disk 410 are angularly offset from the three vertical channels formed in the first radially extending disk 410. This process may be continued with the other radially extending disks 410 such that each of the radially extending disks 410 is cut into three lobes or three portions where the three lobes of the radially extending disk 410 are angularly offset compared to the three lobes formed in the other radially extending disks 410.

[0058] Any tool or tools are contemplated for use in making / creating the glenoid implant 310, such as, for example, a milling machine, a lathe, a bur, a drill bit, a threaded die, a multi-lead screw die, a robotic arm, a chisel, or any combination thereof.

[0059] 7A-7I, the humeral stem implant 110 includes a lower stem portion 120, an upper stem portion 130, a first pair of fins 140a, a second pair of fins 140b, and a biological ingrowth coating 180. The lower stem portion 120 includes a generally cylindrical portion 122 that is oriented about a central axis X-axis.S and this central axis X S is also commonly referred to as the central axis of the lower stem portion 120, or the central axis of the humeral stem implant 110. The lower stem portion 120 is generally smooth and does not include a biological ingrowth coating 180.

[0060] The upper stem portion 130 extends from the lower stem portion 120. In some embodiments, the upper stem portion 130 and the lower stem portion 120 are monolithic and formed from the same block of material. The upper stem portion 130 has a tapered surface 132 that is angled relative to the central axis XS of the lower stem portion 120. The angle of the tapered surface 132 relative to the central axis XS of the lower stem portion 120 is between about 15 degrees and about 75 degrees. In some embodiments, the angle of the tapered surface 132 relative to the central axis XS of the lower stem portion 120 is between about 30 degrees and about 60 degrees. In some embodiments, the angle of the tapered surface 132 relative to the central axis XS of the lower stem portion 120 is about 45 degrees.

[0061] An internal bore 135 (FIGS. 2A, 7A, 7C) is formed in the upper stem portion 130. As mentioned above, the internal bore 135 is for engaging the first end 212a (FIGS. 2A and 2B) of the humeral neck implant component 210 in a taper lock configuration (e.g., a Morse taper lock). The internal bore 135 extends inwardly from the tapered surface 132 and tapers inwardly from the tapered surface 132 along a central axis of the internal bore 135.

[0062] Although the humeral stem implant 110 may be installed in both the patient's prepared left humerus and the patient's prepared right humerus, the following discussion assumes that the humeral stem implant 110 is installed in the patient's prepared left humerus. The first pair of fins 140a is coupled to the posterior portion 130a of the outer surface of the upper stem portion 130, and the second pair of fins 140b is coupled to the anterior portion 130b of the outer surface of the upper stem portion 130. Furthermore, in a medial direction from the central axis XS, the middle portion 130c of the outer surface of the upper stem portion 130 is located between the posterior portion 130a and the anterior portion 130b, and in a lateral direction from the central axis XS, the lateral portion 130d (see FIG. 7B) of the outer surface of the upper stem portion 130 is located between the posterior portion 130a and the anterior portion 130b.

[0063] As best shown in Figures 7C and 7D, the first pair of fins 140a includes a first fin 141a and a second fin 151a. Similarly, the second pair of fins 140b includes a first fin 141b and a second fin 151b. The second pair of fins 140b is a mirror image of the first pair of fins 140a on a central plane that bisects the humeral stem implant 110 through the central axis XS. Nevertheless, in some embodiments, the second pair of fins 140b is different from the first pair of fins 140A.

[0064] As best shown in FIGS. 7D and 7F, the first fin 141a of the first pair of fins 140a is angled at an angle θ 1A and / or the central axis X which is perpendicular F1A and has an angle θ 1A can be, for example, any angle between about 5 degrees and about 30 degrees. In some embodiments, the angle θ 1A is between about 10 degrees and about 15 degrees. Similarly, the first fin 141b of the second pair of fins 140b is aligned with the central axis X S With respect to the angle θ 1B and / or the vertical central axis X F1B and has an angle θ 1B can be any angle, for example, from about 5 degrees to about 30 degrees. In some embodiments, the angle θ1B is between about 10 degrees and about 15 degrees.

[0065] The first fin 141a of the first pair of fins 140a has a first height / length and is attached to the rear portion 130a of the outer surface of the upper stem portion 130 at three separate and distinct locations such that the first fin 141a is securely coupled to the upper stem portion 130. Such a three-point connection results in the first fin 141a forming two windows 142a and 143a that can receive sutures and can be used in suturing and / or pulling bone and / or flesh towards the humeral stem implant 110 during installation of the shoulder implant system 100. Alternatively or additionally, the two windows 142a and 143a further provide locations for bone growth that tend to hold the humeral stem implant 110 in place.

[0066] Similarly, the first fin 141b of the second pair of fins 140b has a first height / length and is attached to the anterior portion 130b of the outer surface of the upper stem portion 130 at three separate and distinct locations to securely couple the first fin 141b to the upper stem portion 130. Such a three-point connection results in the first fin 141b forming two windows 142b and 143b that can receive sutures for use in suturing and / or pulling bone and / or flesh towards the humeral stem implant 110 during installation of the shoulder implant system 100. Alternatively or additionally, the two windows 142b and 143b further provide bone growth locations that tend to hold the humeral stem implant 110 in place.

[0067] The height / length of the first fins 141a and 141b can be between about 20 percent and about 60 percent of the total height of the humeral stem implant 110. In some embodiments, the height / length of the first fins 141a and 141b is between about 30 percent and about 50 percent of the total height of the humeral stem implant 110. In some embodiments, the height / length of the first fins 141a and 141b is about 40 percent of the total height of the humeral stem implant 110. In some embodiments, the height / length of the first fins 141a and 141b is between about 15 millimeters and about 40 millimeters. In some embodiments, the height / length of the first fins 141a and 141b is between about 20 millimeters and about 30 millimeters. In some embodiments, the height / length of the first fins 141a and 141b is about 25 millimeters.

[0068] As best shown in FIGS. 7C and 7G, the second fin 151a of the first pair of fins 140a is aligned with the central axis X S With respect to the angle θ 2A and / or the vertical central axis X F2A and has an angle θ 2A can be, for example, any angle between about 20 degrees and about 40 degrees. In some embodiments, the angle θ 2A is between about 25 degrees and about 30 degrees. Similarly, the second fin 151b of the second pair of fins 140b is aligned with the central axis X. S With respect to the angle θ 2B and / or the vertical central axis X F2B and has an angle θ 2B can be any angle, for example, from about 20 degrees to about 40 degrees. In some embodiments, the angle θ 2B is between about 25 degrees and about 30 degrees.

[0069] The different angles of the first fins 141a, 141b compared to the second fins 151a, 151b help prevent the humeral stem implant 110 from rotating when placed within the humeral cavity of the patient's prepared humerus by engaging the cancellous bone at different angles.

[0070] The second fin 151a of the first pair of fins 140a has a second height / length (e.g., less than the first height of the first fin 141a) and is attached to the posterior portion 130a of the outer surface of the upper stem portion 130 at two separate locations such that the second fin 151a is securely connected to the upper stem portion 130. Such a two-point bond also creates a second fin 151a that forms one window 152a that can receive a suture and can be used in suturing and / or pulling bone and / or flesh towards the humeral stem implant 110 during installation of the shoulder implant system 100. Alternatively or additionally, the window 152a further provides a location for bone growth that tends to hold the humeral stem implant 110 in place.

[0071] Similarly, the second fin 151b of the second pair of fins 140b has a second height / length (e.g., less than the first height of the first fin 141b) and is attached to the anterior portion 130b of the outer surface of the upper stem portion 130 at two separate locations such that the second fin 151b is securely connected to the upper stem portion 130. Such a two-point bond also creates the second fin 151b forming one window 152a that can receive a suture and can be used in suturing and / or pulling bone and / or flesh towards the humeral stem implant 110 during installation of the shoulder implant system 100. Alternatively or additionally, the window 152b further provides a location for bone growth that tends to hold the humeral stem implant 110 in place.

[0072] The height / length of the second fin 151a and the second fin 151b can be between about 5 percent and about 35 percent of the total height of the humeral stem implant 110. In some embodiments, the height / length of the second fin 151a and the second fin 151b is between about 15 percent and about 25 percent of the total height of the humeral stem implant 110. In some embodiments, the height / length of the second fin 151a and the second fin 151b is about 20 percent of the total height of the humeral stem implant 110. In some embodiments, the height / length of the second fin 151a and the second fin 151b is between about 5 millimeters and about 20 millimeters. In some embodiments, the height / length of the second fin 151a and the second fin 151b is between about 10 millimeters and about 15 millimeters. In some embodiments, the height / length of the second fin 151a and the second fin 151b is about 12 millimeters.

[0073] As best seen in Figures 7H and 7I, cross-sectional views of the first fin 141a (Figure 7E) at two different heights along the first fin 141a to illustrate the differences along the height / length of the body of the first fin 141a. Specifically, the upper portion of the first fin 141a has a generally square cross-section with rounded corners (Figure 7H), and the lower portion of the first fin 141a has a wedge-shaped cross-section with rounded edges 145 (Figure 7I). In this manner, the wedge shape of the lower portion of the first fin 141a directly engages and compresses the cancellous bone within the patient's prepared humerus upon installation of the humeral stem implant 110. Once the humeral stem implant 110 is fully seated (e.g., the tapered surface 132 is approximately flush with the cut humerus or osteotomy cut surface), such compression of the cancellous bone by the first fin 141a helps prevent rotation of the humeral stem implant 110. Similarly, portions (e.g., lower portions) of the first fin 141b and the second fin 151a and the second fin 151b may include the same or similar wedge shapes to similarly engage and compress the cancellous bone. Also, the entirety of each fin 141a, 141b, 151a, 151b may have a wedge-shaped cross-section. In some embodiments, the wedge-shaped cross-section may form a sharp or knife-edge (e.g., instead of the rounded edge 145) to aid in cutting the cancellous bone during installation of the humeral stem implant 110.

[0074] As best shown in Figures 7A-7D, the biological ingrowth coating 180 is attached to a majority of the exterior surface of the upper stem portion 130. In some embodiments, the biological ingrowth coating 180 extends downward from the tapered surface 132 and through or beyond the first fin 141a and the first fin 141b. In some embodiments, the biological ingrowth coating 180 extends at least 1 mm downward from the tapered surface 132 and through or beyond the first fin 141a and the first fin 141b. As shown, the biological ingrowth coating 180 is not attached to the tapered surface 132, the lower stem portion 120, the first pair of fins 140a, and the second pair of fins 140b. Alternatively, the biological ingrowth coating 180 may be attached to one or more of (i) the tapered surface 132, (ii) the lower stem portion 120, (iii) the first pair of fins 140a, and (iv) the second pair of fins 140b. The biological ingrowth coating 180 is a highly porous material attached generally to the upper stem portion 130. In some embodiments, the biological ingrowth coating 180 is a porous material with a large amount of pores, and the pores of the material also have pores. The biological ingrowth coating 180 is attached generally to the humeral stem implant 110 to promote integration of the humeral stem implant 110 with the patient's prepared humerus.

[0075] In some embodiments, the upper stem portion 130 of the humeral stem implant 110 includes a notch 190 (FIGS. 7A, 7C, 7E). The notch 190 is located adjacent (e.g., below) the tapered surface 132 at the intermediate portion 130c of the outer surface of the upper stem portion 130. The notch 190 is sized and shaped to be engaged by the tip of a stem extraction tool (not shown) to seat / locate thereon prior to removal of the humeral stem implant 110 from the humeral canal of the patient's prepared humerus.

[0076] It will be apparent that any one or more elements from any one or more of the claims recited in this specification may be combined with one or more other elements in any other claim to form embodiments contemplated by the present disclosure.

[0077] Each of the above-described embodiments and obvious variations are intended to fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims. Note that the following is an example of the configuration of the present invention as an appendix. (Appendix 1) 1. A glenoid implant adapted to be coupled to a patient's prepared glenoid cavity, comprising: a body having a concave surface configured to engage a humeral head implant component and a convex surface configured to engage a mating surface of the patient's prepared glenoid cavity, the convex surface having a peripheral region surrounding a central region; a central peg extending from the central region of the convex surface and configured to be mated with a central aperture of the patient's prepared glenoid cavity; a peripheral peg extending from the peripheral region of the convex surface, the peripheral peg having the first set of resilient protrusions at a first longitudinal location and a second set of resilient protrusions at a second longitudinal location, the peripheral peg being spaced apart from the first longitudinal location. (Appendix 2) 2. The glenoid implant of claim 1, wherein the first set of resilient protrusions has a first rotational orientation about the peripheral peg and the second set of resilient protrusions has a second rotational orientation about the peripheral peg that is angularly offset from the first rotational orientation. (Appendix 3) 2. The glenoid implant of claim 1, wherein each of the first set of elastic protrusions and each of the second set of elastic protrusions are configured to deform and deflect when initially engaged with cortical bone during installation of the glenoid implant into the prepared glenoid cavity, and upon final seating of the glenoid implant into the prepared glenoid cavity, each of the first set of elastic protrusions and each of the second set of elastic protrusions are configured to engage with cancellous bone of the prepared glenoid cavity. (Appendix 4) 2. The glenoid implant of claim 1, wherein the peripheral pegs have a maximum outer diameter that is greater than a maximum outer diameter of the central peg. (Appendix 5) a glenoid implant having a mating surface, a central bore, and a peripheral bore for coupling to a patient's prepared glenoid cavity; a body having a concave surface configured to engage a humeral head implant component and a convex surface configured to engage the mating surface of the patient's prepared glenoid cavity, the convex surface having a peripheral region surrounding a central region; a central peg extending from the central region of the convex surface and configured to be mated with the central aperture of the patient's prepared glenoid cavity; a peripheral peg extending from the peripheral region of the convex surface and having a first radially extending feature located at a first longitudinal location and a second radially extending feature located at a second longitudinal location spaced from the first longitudinal location; the first radially extending feature having three protrusions spaced circumferentially about the peripheral peg in a first rotational orientation and the second radially extending feature having three protrusions spaced circumferentially about the peripheral peg having a second rotational orientation that is angularly offset from the first rotational orientation. (Appendix 6) 6. The glenoid implant of claim 5, wherein each of the three protrusions of the first radially extending features and each of the three protrusions of the second radially extending features are configured to deform and deflect upon initial engagement with cortical bone during installation of the glenoid implant into the prepared glenoid cavity, and upon final seating of the glenoid implant into the prepared glenoid cavity, each of the three protrusions of the first radially extending features and each of the three protrusions of the second radially extending features are configured to engage cancellous bone of the prepared glenoid cavity. (Appendix 7) 6. The glenoid implant of claim 5, wherein the central peg has a first length and the peripheral pegs have a second length that is less than the first length. (Appendix 8) 8. The glenoid implant of claim 7, wherein the peripheral pegs have a maximum outer diameter that is greater than a maximum outer diameter of the central peg. (Appendix 9) 6. The glenoid implant of claim 5, wherein in response to a glenoid implant being coupled with the prepared glenoid, (i) at least a portion of the convex surface directly engages a mating surface of the prepared glenoid, (ii) the central peg is positioned within the central bore of the prepared glenoid, and (iii) the peripheral pegs are disposed within the peripheral bores of the prepared glenoid, and wherein the first radially extending features and the second radially extending features are configured to engage cancellous bone of the prepared glenoid and provide a sufficient amount of self-pressurization such that bone cement between the central peg and the central bore can harden without an external force holding the glenoid implant in place. (Appendix 10) 6. The glenoid implant of claim 5, further comprising a third radially extending feature disposed at a third longitudinal position of the peripheral peg spaced apart from the first and second longitudinal positions, the third radially extending feature having three protrusions spaced circumferentially of the peripheral peg having a third rotational orientation that is angularly offset from the first and second rotational orientations. (Appendix 11) 6. The glenoid implant of claim 5, further comprising a second peripheral peg extending from the peripheral region of the convex surface, the second peripheral peg having a third radially extending feature disposed at a first longitudinal location and a fourth radially extending feature disposed at a second longitudinal location spaced from the first longitudinal location, the third radially extending feature having three protrusions spaced apart about the periphery of the second peripheral peg in the first rotational orientation, and the fourth radially extending feature having three protrusions spaced apart about the periphery of the second peripheral peg in the second rotational orientation. (Appendix 12) 1. A glenoid implant comprising: a body having a first side having a concave surface and a second opposing side having a convex surface configured to engage the patient's prepared glenoid cavity, the second opposing side having a peripheral region surrounding a central region; a central peg extending from the central region of the convex surface; and a plurality of peripheral pegs extending from the peripheral region of the convex surface, each of the plurality of peripheral pegs having at least a first set of resilient protrusions at a first longitudinal location and a second set of resilient protrusions at a second longitudinal location spaced from the first longitudinal location. (Appendix 13) 1. A glenoid implant comprising: a body having a first side having a concave surface and a second opposing side having a convex surface configured to engage the patient's prepared glenoid cavity, the second opposing side having a peripheral region surrounding a central region; a central peg extending from the central region of the convex surface; and a plurality of peripheral pegs extending from the peripheral region of the convex surface, each of the plurality of peripheral pegs having a plurality of radially extending features, each of the plurality of radially extending features having three lobes spaced circumferentially around the respective one of the plurality of peripheral pegs, the three lobes of a first portion of the plurality of radially extending features having the first rotational orientation, the three lobes of a second portion of the plurality of radially extending features having a second rotational orientation that is angularly offset from the first rotational orientation, and the three lobes of a third portion of the plurality of radially extending features having a third rotational orientation that is angularly offset from the first and second rotational orientations. (Appendix 14) 14. The glenoid implant of claim 13, wherein for each of the plurality of radially extending features, the three protrusions are disposed approximately equally spaced about the periphery of the respective one of the plurality of peripheral pegs. (Appendix 15) 14. The glenoid implant of claim 13, wherein in response to the glenoid implant being coupled to the prepared glenoid such that at least a portion of the convex surface directly engages the prepared glenoid, the plurality of radially extending features are configured to engage cancellous bone of the prepared glenoid to provide a sufficient amount of self-pressurization such that bone cement between a central peg and a central bore of the prepared glenoid can harden without an external force holding the glenoid implant in place. (Appendix 16) a glenoid implant having a mating surface, a central bore, and a peripheral bore for coupling to a patient's prepared glenoid cavity; a body having a concave surface configured to engage a humeral head implant component and a convex surface configured to engage the mating surface of the patient's prepared glenoid cavity, the convex surface having a peripheral region surrounding a central region; a central peg extending from the central region of the convex surface and configured to be attached to the central bore of the patient's prepared glenoid cavity; and a peripheral peg having at least one radially extending feature extending from the peripheral region of the convex surface, wherein in response to at least a portion of the convex surface directly engaging a mating surface of the prepared glenoid, the at least one radially extending feature of the peripheral peg is configured to engage cancellous bone of the prepared glenoid to provide a sufficient amount of self-pressurization for a bone cement between the central peg and the central bore to harden with at least a portion of the convex surface maintaining its direct engagement with the mating surface of the prepared glenoid without an external force being applied to the glenoid implant. (Appendix 17) 17. The glenoid implant of claim 16, wherein the at least one radially extending feature is at least three radially extending features, each of the at least three radially extending features protruding from a different longitudinal position along the length of the peripheral peg. (Appendix 18) 18. The glenoid implant of claim 17, wherein each of the at least three radially extending features includes a plurality of protrusions. (Appendix 19) 19. The glenoid implant of claim 18, wherein the plurality of protrusions of a first of the at least three radially extending features have a first rotational orientation about a central axis of the peripheral peg and the plurality of protrusions of a second of the at least three radially extending features have a second rotational orientation about the central axis of the peripheral peg that is angularly offset from the first rotational orientation. (Appendix 20) 1. A method of making a glenoid implant, comprising: providing an off-the-shelf glenoid component including: (i) a body having a first side having a concave surface and a second opposing side having a convex surface having a peripheral region surrounding a central region; (ii) a central peg extending from the central region of the convex surface; and (iii) a peripheral peg extending from the peripheral region of the convex surface and having a generally cylindrical portion; cutting, via at least one of one or more tools, the generally cylindrical portion of the peripheral peg to form a plurality of radially extending disks; and cutting, via at least one of the one or more tools, the plurality of radially extending formed disks in one or more spiral patterns about a central axis of the perimeter peg, thereby modifying each of the plurality of radially extending disks to have three lobes spaced apart about a perimeter peg. (Appendix 21) 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the three lobes of a first one of the altered plurality of radially extending disks having a first rotational orientation and the three lobes of a second one of the altered plurality of radially extending disks having a second rotational orientation that is angularly offset from the first rotational orientation are formed by cutting the formed radially extending disks in one or more spiral patterns about the central axis of the peripheral peg. (Appendix 22) 21. The method of claim 20, wherein each of the three protrusions is configured to deform and deflect when initially engaged by cortical bone during installation of the glenoid implant into the prepared glenoid cavity, and wherein each of the three protrusions is configured to engage cancellous bone of the prepared glenoid cavity upon final seating of the glenoid implant into the prepared glenoid cavity. (Appendix 23) 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the one or more tools include a grinder, a lathe, a burr, a drill bit, a threaded die, a multi-lead threaded die, a robotic arm, a chisel, or any combination thereof. (Appendix 24) 1. A method of installing a glenoid implant into a prepared glenoid cavity of a patient, the prepared glenoid cavity having a mating surface, a central bore and a plurality of peripheral bores, comprising: providing a glenoid implant comprising: (i) a body having a first side having a concave surface and a second opposing side having a convex surface having a peripheral region surrounding a central region; (ii) a central peg extending from the central region of the convex surface; and (iii) a plurality of peripheral pegs extending from the peripheral region of the convex surface, each peripheral peg having at least one radially extending feature; applying a bone cement to at least a portion of the central peg; positioning the glenoid implant via at least one of one or more tools such that (i) at least a portion of the convex surface directly engages the mating surface of the prepared glenoid, (ii) the central peg is disposed within a central bore of the prepared glenoid, and (iii) each of the plurality of peripheral pegs is disposed within a respective one of the peripheral bores of the prepared glenoid; disengaging the at least one of the one or more tools from the glenoid implant before the bone cement is applied to at least a portion of the central peg joint; and maintaining the position of the glenoid implant relative to the prepared glenoid via at least one radially extending feature of the plurality of peripheral pegs while the bone cement hardens. (Appendix 25) 25. The method of claim 24, further comprising applying a bone cement to at least a portion of the convex surface prior to said positioning. (Appendix 26) 25. The method of claim 24, wherein bone cement is not applied to the peripheral pegs prior to said positioning. (Appendix 27) 1. A shoulder implant system comprising: a humeral stem implant having fins coupled to an outer surface thereof, the fins tapering inwardly at an angle to the vertical, at least a portion of which forms a wedge that directly engages and compacts cancellous bone during installation of the humeral stem implant; a humeral neck implant component coupled to the humeral stem implant, the humeral neck implant component being configured such that a portion of the humeral neck implant component protrudes from an oblique surface of the humeral stem implant; a humeral head implant component configured to be coupled to a portion of the humeral neck implant component that protrudes from an oblique surface of the humeral stem implant; a glenoid implant having a concave surface configured to engage the humeral head implant component. (Appendix 28) 1. A shoulder implant system comprising: a humeral stem implant having an internal bore; a humeral neck implant component configured to be coupled to the humeral stem implant through the internal bore such that a portion of the humeral neck implant component protrudes from the humeral stem implant; a humeral head implant component configured to be coupled to a portion of the humeral neck implant component protruding from the humeral stem implant; 1. A shoulder implant system comprising: a glenoid implant having a body having a first side having a concave surface configured to engage the humeral head implant component and a second side having a convex surface configured to engage the patient's prepared glenoid cavity and having a peripheral region surrounding a central region; a central peg extending from the central region of the convex surface; and peripheral pegs extending from the peripheral region of the convex surface, the peripheral peg having a first set of resilient protrusions at a first longitudinal position and a second set of resilient protrusions at a second longitudinal position spaced from the first longitudinal position. (Appendix 29) 29. The system of claim 28, wherein the first set of resilient protrusions has a first rotational orientation about the perimeter peg and the second set of resilient protrusions has a second rotational orientation about the perimeter peg that is angularly offset from the first rotational orientation. (Appendix 30) 29. The system of claim 28, wherein each of the first set of elastic protrusions and each of the second set of elastic protrusions are configured to deform and deflect when initially engaged with cortical bone during installation of the glenoid implant into the prepared glenoid cavity, and upon final seating of the glenoid implant into the prepared glenoid cavity, each of the first set of elastic protrusions and each of the second set of elastic protrusions are configured to engage cancellous bone of the prepared glenoid cavity. (Appendix 31) 29. The system of claim 28, wherein the humeral stem implant further has a fin coupled to its outer surface, the fin tapering inwardly at an angle to the vertical and at least a portion of which forms a wedge that directly engages and compacts cancellous bone during installation of the humeral stem implant. (Appendix 32) 1. A humeral stem implant, comprising: a lower stem portion having a central axis; an upper stem portion extending from the lower stem portion and having a tapered surface at an angle relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion; a first pair of fins extending from an outer surface of the upper stem portion and adapted to engage cancellous bone to provide rotational stability to the humeral stem implant; a second pair of fins extending from the outer surface of the upper stem portion and engaging cancellous bone to provide rotational stability to the humeral stem implant, the second pair of fins being generally located on an opposite side of the upper stem portion to the first pair of fins. (Appendix 33) 33. The humeral stem implant of claim 32, wherein at least a portion of each of the first pair of fins forms a respective wedge that directly engages and compacts cancellous bone during installation of the humeral stem implant, and at least a portion of each of the second pair of fins forms a respective wedge that directly engages and compacts cancellous bone during installation of the humeral stem implant. (Appendix 34) 33. The humeral stem implant of claim 32, wherein each of the first pair of fins and each of the second pair of fins are tapered inwardly relative to a central axis of the lower stem portion. (Appendix 35) 33. The humeral stem implant of claim 32, wherein a central axis of a first fin of the first pair of fins is parallel to a central axis of a second fin of the first pair of fins, and a central axis of a first fin of the second pair of fins is parallel to a central axis of a second fin of the second pair of fins. (Appendix 36) 1. A humeral stem implant, comprising: a lower stem portion having a central axis; an upper stem portion extending from the lower stem portion and having a tapered surface at an angle relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion; a first pair of parallel fins coupled to an aft portion of an outer surface of the upper stem portion; a second pair of parallel fins coupled to a forward portion of the outer surface of the upper stem portion; A humeral stem implant, wherein the first pair of parallel fins and the second pair of parallel fins are configured to provide rotational stability to the humeral stem implant by directly engaging cancellous bone that corresponds to the humeral stem implant seated in the humeral tunnel of the patient's prepared humerus. (Appendix 37) 37. The humeral stem implant of claim 36, wherein at least a portion of a rear surface of each of the first pair of parallel fins forms a wedge and at least a portion of a front surface of each of the second pair of parallel fins forms a respective wedge. (Appendix 38) 37. The humeral stem implant of claim 36, wherein each of the first pair of parallel fins and each of the second pair of parallel fins are tapered inwardly relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion. (Appendix 39) 39. The humeral stem implant of claim 38, wherein the medial taper of each of the first pair of parallel fins and the medial taper of each of the second pair of parallel fins extend medially and downwardly from the upper stem portion toward the lower stem portion. (Appendix 40) 37. The humeral stem implant of claim 36, wherein a first fin of the first pair of parallel fins and a first fin of the second pair of parallel fins are tapered inwardly at a first angle relative to a central axis of the lower stem portion, and a second fin of the first pair of parallel fins and a second fin of the second pair of parallel fins are tapered inwardly at a second angle relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion. (Appendix 41) 41. The humeral stem implant of claim 40, wherein the first angle is different from the second angle. (Appendix 42) 37. The humeral stem implant of claim 36, wherein a first fin of the first pair of parallel fins has a first length and a second fin of the first pair of parallel fins has a second length that is less than half of the first length. (Appendix 43) 43. The humeral stem implant of claim 42, wherein a first fin of the second pair of parallel fins has a third length approximately equal to the first length, and a second fin of the second pair of parallel fins has a fourth length approximately equal to the second length. (Appendix 44) 37. The humeral stem implant of claim 36, wherein each of the first pair of parallel fins forms a respective window configured to receive a respective suture therein, and each of the second pair of parallel fins forms a respective window configured to receive a respective suture. (Appendix 45) 37. The humeral stem implant of claim 36, further comprising an internal bore formed in the upper stem portion extending inwardly from the tapered surface, the internal bore configured to mate with a humeral neck implant component and support a humeral head implant component. (Appendix 46) 37. The humeral stem implant of claim 36, further comprising a biological ingrowth coating attached to a majority of the outer surface of the upper stem portion, the biological ingrowth coating extending downwardly from the tapered surface by at least 1 millimeter beyond the first and second pairs of parallel fins. (Appendix 47) 47. The humeral stem implant of claim 46, wherein the biological ingrowth coating is not attached to the tapered surface, the lower stem portion, the first pair of parallel fins, and the second pair of parallel fins. (Appendix 48) 37. The humeral stem implant of claim 36, further comprising a notch disposed adjacent to the tapered surface at an intermediate portion of the outer surface of the upper stem portion, the notch being configured to be engaged by a tip of a stem extraction tool to remove the humeral stem implant from the humeral canal of the patient's prepared humerus after being seated / placed thereon. (Appendix 49) 1. A humeral stem implant, comprising: a lower stem portion having a central axis; the upper stem portion extending from the lower stem portion and having a tapered surface at an angle to the central axis of the lower stem portion; a first longitudinal fin having a first central axis and a first length, coupled to a rear portion of an exterior surface of the upper stem portion, the first longitudinal fin defining a first window configured to receive a suture, the first longitudinal fin being inwardly tapered, the first central axis being at a first angle relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion; a second longitudinal fin having a second central axis and a second length less than half the first length, coupled to the posterior portion of the outer surface of the upper stem portion to form a second window configured to receive a suture, the second longitudinal fin tapering inwardly toward the medial side, the second central axis being at the second angle relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion different from the first angle, the first longitudinal fin and the second longitudinal fin configured to provide rotational stability to the humeral stem implant by directly engaging cancellous bone corresponding to the humeral stem implant seated in a humeral canal of the patient's prepared humerus; a biological ingrowth coating attached to a majority of the exterior surface of the upper stem portion so as to extend downwardly from the tapered surface at least 1 millimeter beyond the first longitudinal fin. (Appendix 50) 50. The humeral stem implant of claim 49, wherein at least a portion of a rear surface of the first longitudinal fin is tapered to form a wedge that directly engages and compacts cancellous bone during installation of the humeral stem implant. (Appendix 51) 50. The humeral stem implant of claim 49, wherein the taper of the first longitudinal fin and the taper of the second longitudinal fin extend downwardly and medially from the upper stem portion to the lower stem portion. (Appendix 52) 50. The humeral stem implant of claim 49, wherein the lower stem portion extends into a transition region between the metaphysis and diaphysis of the patient's prepared humerus in response to the humeral stem implant seated in the humeral tunnel, with the tapered surface of the upper stem portion approximately flush with the bone cut portion of the prepared humerus. (Appendix 53) 53. The humeral stem implant of claim 52, wherein the lower stem portion is configured to correspond to the humeral stem implant seated in the humeral tunnel such that the tapered surface of the upper stem portion is approximately flush with the bone cut portion of the prepared humerus and does not contact the cortical bone of the patient's prepared humerus. (Appendix 54) moreover, a third longitudinal fin having a third central axis and a third length generally the same as the first length of the first longitudinal fin, the third longitudinal fin being coupled to a forward portion of the outer surface of the upper stem portion, the third longitudinal fin defining a third window configured to receive a suture therein and tapered inwardly, the third central axis being at the first angle relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion; 50. The humeral stem implant of claim 49, comprising: a fourth longitudinal fin having a fourth central axis and a fourth length generally the same as the second length of the second longitudinal fin, the fourth longitudinal fin being coupled to a front portion of the outer surface of the upper stem portion, the fourth longitudinal fin defining a fourth window configured to receive a suture therein and tapered inwardly, the fourth central axis being at the second angle relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion, wherein the third longitudinal fin and the fourth longitudinal fin are configured to responsively provide further rotational stability to the humeral stem implant by directly engaging cancellous bone when the humeral stem implant is seated in a humeral canal of a patient's prepared humerus. (Appendix 55) 50. The humeral stem implant of claim 49, wherein the first longitudinal fin is coupled to the posterior portion of the outer surface of the upper stem portion at three distinct locations, the first longitudinal fin forming the first and third windows. (Appendix 56) 50. The humeral stem implant of claim 49, further comprising an internal bore formed in the upper stem portion extending inwardly from the tapered surface, the internal bore configured to be coupled to a first end of a humeral neck implant component and a second opposing end of the humeral neck implant component configured to be coupled to a humeral head implant component. (Appendix 57) 50. The humeral stem implant of claim 49, wherein the biological ingrowth coating is not attached to the tapered surface, the lower stem portion, the first longitudinal fin, and the second longitudinal fin. (Appendix 58) 50. The humeral stem implant of claim 49, wherein the biological ingrowth coating is a porous coating configured to promote bone ingrowth. (Appendix 59) 1. A humeral stem implant, comprising: a lower stem portion having a central axis; an upper stem portion extending from the lower stem portion and having a tapered surface at an angle relative to the central axis of the lower stem portion; a longitudinal fin coupled to an outer surface of the upper stem portion, the longitudinal fin tapering angularly inwardly relative to a central axis of the lower stem portion, at least a portion of the longitudinal fin forming a wedge that directly engages and compacts the cancellous bone during installation of the humeral stem implant. (Appendix 60) 60. The humeral stem implant of claim 59, further comprising a second longitudinal fin coupled to the outer surface of the upper stem portion. (Appendix 61) 61. The humeral stem implant of claim 60, wherein the longitudinal fin and the second longitudinal fin are both coupled to a posterior or anterior portion of the outer surface of the upper stem portion. (Appendix 62) 62. The humeral stem implant of claim 61, wherein the length of the second longitudinal fin is less than half the length of the longitudinal fin. (Appendix 63) 62. The humeral stem implant of claim 61, wherein the second longitudinal fin tapers inwardly at a second angle relative to a central axis of the lower stem portion, the second angle being different from the angle. (Appendix 64) 64. The humeral stem implant of claim 63, wherein the longitudinal fin and the second longitudinal fin provide rotational stability to the humeral stem implant by directly engaging the cancellous bone in response to the humeral stem implant being seated in the humeral tunnel of the patient's prepared humerus. (Appendix 65) 60. The humeral stem implant of claim 59, wherein the longitudinal fin tapers inwardly and downwardly from the upper stem portion to the lower stem portion. (Appendix 66) 61. The humeral stem implant of claim 60, wherein the longitudinal fin is coupled to a posterior portion of the outer surface of the upper stem portion and the second longitudinal fin is coupled to an anterior portion of the outer surface of the upper stem portion. (Appendix 67) 67. The humeral stem implant of claim 66, wherein a length of the second longitudinal fin is approximately equal to a length of the longitudinal fin.

Claims

1. 1. A shoulder implant system comprising: a humeral stem implant having a surface; a humeral neck implant component configured to be coupled to the humeral stem implant such that a portion of the humeral neck implant component protrudes beyond the surface of the humeral stem implant; a humeral head implant component having a bone-facing surface and a humeral stem implant facing surface, the humeral head implant component configured to be coupled to a portion of the humeral neck implant component that protrudes from the face of the humeral stem implant, the humeral head implant component configured to form a gap between the humeral stem implant facing surface and the face of the humeral stem implant when coupled to the humeral neck implant component; A shoulder implant system comprising:

2. 2. The shoulder implant system of claim 1, wherein the humeral stem implant facing surface has a recessed portion and a flange around the recessed portion, the flange extending toward the humeral stem implant to visually block the gap.

3. 3. The shoulder implant system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the humeral stem implant has a fin coupled to an outer surface thereof, the fin having a tapered shape that is angled inwardly as it extends downwardly relative to the vertical, at least a portion of which forms a wedge that directly engages and compacts cancellous bone during installation of the humeral stem implant.

4. The shoulder implant system of claim 3 , wherein the fin has at least one window.

5. The shoulder implant system of claim 3 , wherein the fins include a first pair of parallel fins coupled to a posterior portion of the outer surface and a second pair of parallel fins coupled to a forward portion of the outer surface.

6. 6. The shoulder implant system of claim 1, wherein the face of the humeral stem implant is inclined relative to a central axis of the humeral stem implant.

7. 7. The shoulder implant system of claim 1, wherein the humeral neck implant component has a first end and a second end, the first end configured to mate with an internal bore of the humeral stem implant and the second end configured to mate with the humeral head implant component.

8. The shoulder implant system of claim 7 , wherein a maximum outer diameter of the second end is greater than a maximum outer diameter of the first end.

9. 9. The shoulder implant system of claim 7 or 8, wherein the first end and the second end are generally tapered such that the humeral neck implant component mates with the humeral stem implant and the humeral head implant component in a taper lock configuration.

10. 10. A shoulder implant system according to claim 1, wherein the humeral neck implant component has a through hole.

11. 11. The shoulder implant system according to claim 1, wherein the humeral neck implant component has a non-rotational shape.

12. 12. The shoulder implant system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the gap is between about 0.5 millimeters and 2 millimeters.

13. 13. The shoulder implant system of claim 1, further comprising a glenoid implant having a concave surface configured to engage the humeral head implant component.

14. The shoulder implant system of claim 13, wherein the glenoid implant has a central peg and at least one peripheral peg.

15. 15. The shoulder implant system of claim 14, wherein the central peg has a first length and a first maximum outer diameter and the peripheral pegs have a second length and a second maximum outer diameter, the second length being less than the first length and the second maximum outer diameter being greater than the first maximum outer diameter.

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