Terminal

Abstract

To provide a terminal, a base station, a wireless communication system, and a wireless communication method for multiplexing uplink control information for an uplink shared channel.SOLUTION: In a wireless communication system, a terminal includes: a control unit that multiplexes uplink control information on an uplink shared channel; and a communication unit that transmits an uplink signal using the uplink shared channel on which the uplink control information is multiplexed. Therein the control unit multiplies the number of bits constituting the uplink control information by a factor In a rate matching of the uplink control information, and the control unit applies an extended range that includes at least one of a value smaller than a predetermined range and a value larger than the predetermined range as a range that the factor can be taken.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal that performs wireless communication, and more particularly to a terminal that multiplexes uplink control information for an uplink shared channel.

Background Art

[0002] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is standardizing the 5th generation mobile communication system (also called 5G, New Radio (NR), or Next Generation (NG)), and is also proceeding with the standardization of the next generation, called Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G.

[0003] In Release 15 of 3GPP, multiplexing of two or more uplink channels (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) and Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) transmitted in the same slot is supported.

[0004] Furthermore, in Release 17 of 3GPP, it was agreed to support multiplexing on an Uplink Shared Channel (UL SCH) having a priority different from that of Uplink Control Information (UCI) (for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0005]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

[0006] Under such a background, as a result of intensive studies, the inventors have found that in multiplexing of UCI for UL SCH, if the possible values of the coefficient (for example, β) used for rate matching remain within a predetermined range, the multiplexing of UCI for UL SCH cannot be properly performed.

[0007] Therefore, the following disclosure has been made in view of such a situation, and an object thereof is to provide a terminal that can properly perform multiplexing of uplink control information for an uplink shared channel.

[0008] One aspect of the present disclosure is a terminal including: a control unit that multiplexes uplink control information on an uplink shared channel; and a communication unit that transmits an uplink signal using the uplink shared channel on which the uplink control information is multiplexed, wherein the control unit multiplies a coefficient by the number of bits constituting the uplink control information in rate matching of the uplink control information, and the control unit applies an extended range including at least one of a value smaller than the predetermined range and a value larger than the predetermined range as a range in which the coefficient can take values.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0009]

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the same or similar reference numerals are assigned to the same functions and configurations, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

[0011] [Embodiment] (1) Overall schematic configuration of the wireless communication system FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a wireless communication system 10 according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 10 is a wireless communication system compliant with 5G New Radio (NR), and includes a Next Generation - Radio Access Network 20 (hereinafter, NG - RAN20) and a terminal 200 (hereinafter, UE200).

[0012] Note that the wireless communication system 10 may also be a wireless communication system compliant with a system called Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G.

[0013] NG - RAN20 includes a radio base station 100A (hereinafter, gNB100A) and a radio base station 100B (hereinafter, gNB100B). Note that the specific configuration of the wireless communication system 10 including the number of gNBs and UEs is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1.

[0014] NG - RAN20 actually includes a plurality of NG - RAN Nodes, specifically, gNBs (or ng - eNBs), and is connected to a core network (5GC, not shown) compliant with 5G. Note that NG - RAN20 and 5GC may also be simply expressed as "network".

[0015] gNB100A and gNB100B are radio base stations compliant with 5G and perform wireless communication with UE200 in accordance with 5G. gNB100A, gNB100B, and UE200 can support Massive MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) that generates a more directional beam BM by controlling radio signals transmitted from a plurality of antenna elements, carrier aggregation (CA) that bundles and uses a plurality of component carriers (CCs), and dual connectivity (DC) that enables simultaneous communication between the UE and each of two NG-RAN Nodes. DC may include MR-DC (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity) using MCG (Master Cell Group) and SCG (Secondary Cell Group). Examples of MR-DC include EN-DC (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity), NE-DC (NR-EUTRA Dual Connectivity), and NR-DC (NR-NR Dual Connectivity). Here, the CCs (cells) used in CA may be considered to constitute the same cell group. MCG and SCG may be considered to constitute the same cell group.

[0016] Also, the wireless communication system 10 supports a plurality of frequency ranges (FRs). FIG. 2 shows the frequency ranges used in the wireless communication system 10.

[0017] As shown in FIG. 2, the wireless communication system 10 supports FR1 and FR2. The frequency bands of each FR are as follows.

[0018] ·FR1: 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz ·FR2: 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz In FR1, a Sub-Carrier Spacing (SCS) of 15, 30, or 60 kHz is used, and a bandwidth (BW) of 5 - 100 MHz may be used. FR2 is at a higher frequency than FR1, and an SCS of 60, or 120 kHz (240 kHz may be included) is used, and a bandwidth (BW) of 50 - 400 MHz may be used.

[0019] Note that the SCS may be interpreted as numerology. Numerology is defined in 3GPP TS38.300 and corresponds to the spacing between one sub-carrier in the frequency domain.

[0020] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 10 also supports frequency bands higher than the FR2 frequency band. Specifically, the wireless communication system 10 supports frequency bands exceeding 52.6 GHz and up to 114.25 GHz. Such high-frequency bands may be referred to as "FR2x" for convenience.

[0021] To solve such problems, when using a band exceeding 52.6 GHz, Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM) / Discrete Fourier Transform - Spread (DFT-S-OFDM) with a larger Sub-Carrier Spacing (SCS) may be applied.

[0022] Figure 3 shows a configuration example of a radio frame, sub-frame, and slot used in the wireless communication system 10.

[0023] As shown in Figure 3, one slot is composed of 14 symbols, and the larger (wider) the SCS, the shorter the symbol period (and slot period). The SCS is not limited to the intervals (frequencies) shown in Figure 3. For example, 480 kHz, 960 kHz, etc. may be used.

[0024] Also, the number of symbols constituting one slot does not necessarily have to be 14 symbols (for example, 28, 56 symbols). Furthermore, the number of slots per subframe may vary depending on the SCS.

[0025] Note that the time direction (t) shown in FIG. 3 may also be referred to as a time domain, symbol period, or symbol time. Also, the frequency direction may also be referred to as a frequency domain, resource block, subcarrier, BWP (Bandwidth Part), etc.

[0026] (2) Functional Block Configuration of the Wireless Communication System Next, the functional block configuration of the wireless communication system 10 will be described. Specifically, the functional block configuration of the UE200 will be described.

[0027] FIG. 4 is a functional block configuration diagram of the UE200. As shown in FIG. 4, the UE200 includes a radio signal transceiver unit 210, an amplifier unit 220, a modulation / demodulation unit 230, a control signal / reference signal processing unit 240, an encoding / decoding unit 250, a data transceiver unit 260, and a control unit 270.

[0028] The radio signal transceiver unit 210 transmits and receives radio signals according to NR. The radio signal transceiver unit 210 supports Massive MIMO, CA that uses a plurality of CCs bundled together, and DC that enables simultaneous communication between the UE and two NG-RAN Nodes respectively.

[0029] The amplifier unit 220 is composed of a PA (Power Amplifier) / LNA (Low Noise Amplifier), etc. The amplifier unit 220 amplifies the signal output from the modulation / demodulation unit 230 to a predetermined power level. Also, the amplifier unit 220 amplifies the RF signal output from the radio signal transceiver unit 210.

[0030] The modulation / demodulation unit 230 performs data modulation / demodulation, transmission power setting, resource block allocation, etc. for each predetermined communication destination (gNB 100 or another gNB). In the modulation / demodulation unit 230, Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM) / Discrete Fourier Transform - Spread (DFT-S-OFDM) may be applied. Also, DFT-S-OFDM may be used not only for the uplink (UL) but also for the downlink (DL).

[0031] The control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 performs processing related to various control signals transmitted and received by the UE 200, and processing related to various reference signals transmitted and received by the UE 200.

[0032] Specifically, the control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 receives various control signals transmitted from the gNB 100 via a predetermined control channel, for example, control signals of the radio resource control layer (RRC). Also, the control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 transmits various control signals to the gNB 100 via a predetermined control channel.

[0033] The control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 performs processing using reference signals (RS) such as Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) and Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS).

[0034] DMRS is a reference signal (pilot signal) known between the base station and the terminal specific to each terminal for estimating the fading channel used for data demodulation. PTRS is a reference signal specific to each terminal for the purpose of estimating phase noise that becomes a problem in a high frequency band.

[0035] Note that, in addition to DMRS and PTRS, the reference signal may include Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) for position information.

[0036] Also, the channel includes a control channel and a data channel. The control channel includes Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), Random Access Channel (RACH), Downlink Control Information (DCI) including Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI), and Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), etc.

[0037] Also, the data channel includes Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), etc. Data means the data transmitted via the data channel. The data channel may be read as a shared channel.

[0038] In an embodiment, the control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 constitutes a communication unit that transmits an uplink signal using an uplink shared channel (UL SCH (Uplink Shared Channel)) multiplexed with uplink control information (UCI (Uplink Control Information)). The UL SCH is a transport channel multiplexed with a PUSCH: Physical Uplink Shared Channel. The uplink signal transmitted via the UL SCH (PUSCH) may include UCI or may include data. The UCI may include an acknowledgement response (HARQ-ACK) for one or more TBs. The UCI may include an SR (Scheduling Request) that requests resource scheduling, and may include CSI (Channel State Information) that represents the channel state. The UCI may be transmitted via a PUCCH or may be transmitted via a PUSCH.

[0039] The encoding / decoding unit 250 performs data segmentation / concatenation and channel coding / decoding, etc. for each predetermined communication destination (gNB100 or another gNB).

[0040] Specifically, the encoding / decoding unit 250 divides the data output from the data transmission / reception unit 260 into a predetermined size and performs channel coding on the divided data. Further, the encoding / decoding unit 250 decodes the data output from the modulation / demodulation unit 230 and concatenates the decoded data.

[0041] The data transmission / reception unit 260 performs the transmission and reception of Protocol Data Unit (PDU) and Service Data Unit (SDU). Specifically, the data transmission / reception unit 260 performs the assembly / disassembly of PDU / SDU in a plurality of layers (such as the Medium Access Control layer (MAC), the Radio Link Control layer (RLC), and the Packet Data Convergence Protocol layer (PDCP)). Also, the data transmission / reception unit 260 performs error correction and retransmission control of data based on Hybrid automatic repeat request (Hybrid ARQ).

[0042] The control unit 270 controls each functional block that constitutes the UE 200. In particular, in the embodiment, the control unit 270 constitutes a control unit that multiplexes UCI on the UL SCH. The control unit 270 multiplies a coefficient (β) with respect to the number of bits that constitute UCI in the rate matching of UCI. The control unit 270 applies an extended range including at least either a value smaller than the default range and a value larger than the default range as the range in which β can take. The default range may be considered to be the range defined in Release 16 of 3GPP. The extended range may be considered to be the range defined in Release 17 of 3GPP.

[0043] (3) Rate matching The rate matching will be described below. Specifically, the rate matching of UCI in the case of multiplexing UCI on the UL SCH will be described. Here, as UCI, HARQ-ACK, CSI Part 1, and CSI Part 2 will be exemplified. Note that HARQ-ACK, CSI-Part 1, and CSI-Part 2 are executed separately.

[0044] As shown in FIG. 5, "X 0 、X 1Channel coding is applied to the HARQ-ACK having a bit sequence of “…”, thereby obtaining a bit sequence of “C00, C01, …”. Rate matching is applied to such a bit sequence. The bit sequence (E UCI ) after rate matching may be represented by E UCI = N L × Q’ ACK × Q m .

[0045] N L is the number of transmission layers of the PUSCH. Q m is the modulation condition of the PUSCH. For example, Q’ ACK is represented by the following formula (TS38.212 V16.3.0 §6.3.2.4.1.1 “HARQ-ACK”).

[0046]

Number

[0047] As shown in Figure 6, channel coding is applied to the CSI Part 1 having a bit sequence of “Y 0 , Y 1 , …”, thereby obtaining a bit sequence of “C00, C01, …”. Rate matching is applied to such a bit sequence. The bit sequence (E UCI ) after rate matching may be represented by E UCI = N L × Q’ CSI-part1 × Q m .

[0048] N L is the number of transmission layers of the PUSCH. Q m is the modulation condition of the PUSCH. For example, Q’ CSI-part1 is represented by the following formula (TS38.212 V16.3.0 §6.3.2.4.1.2 “CSI part 1”).

[0049]

Number

[0050] As shown in Fig. 7, for CSI Part 2 having a bit sequence of "Z 0 , Z 1 , …", channel coding is applied to obtain a bit sequence of "C00, C01, …". Rate matching is applied to such a bit sequence. The bit sequence (E UCI ) after rate matching may be represented by E UCI = N L × Q’ CSI-part2 × Q m .

[0051] N L is the number of transmission layers of the PUSCH. Q m is the modulation condition of the PUSCH. For example, Q’ CSI-part2 is represented by the following formula (TS38.212 V16.3.0 §6.3.2.4.1.3 “CSI part 2”).

[0052] [Number]

[0053] (4) Range of values that the coefficient (β) can take Hereinafter, the range of values that the coefficient (β) can take will be described. Here, the coefficient (β) applied to HARQ-ACK will be taken as an example for explanation.

[0054] (4.1) Default range As shown in Figure 8, for the default range, the coefficient (β) shown in the right column is associated with the index shown in the left column (TS38.213 V16.3.0 §9.3 “UCI reporting in physical uplink shared channel”). For example, the minimum value that the coefficient (β) can take in the default range is "1.000", and the maximum value that the coefficient (β) can take in the default range is "126.000". For indices of 16 or more, no coefficient (β) is associated, and it can be used for future expansion (Reserved). As described above, the default range is the range defined in 3GPP Release 16.

[0055] (4.2) Example 1 of the extended range As shown in Figure 9, for Example 1 of the extended range, similar to the default range, the coefficient (β) shown in the right column is associated with the index shown in the left column. For example, Example 1 of the extended range includes values smaller than the minimum value "1.000" that the coefficient (β) can take in the default range (here, "0.000", "0.500", "0.650", "0.800"). In Example 1 of the extended range, values smaller than the default range are defined using the indices that were Reserved in the default range.

[0056] (4.3) Example 2 of the extended range As shown in Figure 10, for Example 2 of the extended range, similar to the default range, the coefficient (β) shown in the right column is associated with the index shown in the left column. For example, Example 2 of the extended range includes values smaller than the minimum value "1.000" that the coefficient (β) can take in the default range (here, "0.000", "0.500", "0.650", "0.800"). In Example 2 of the extended range, a new Table is defined with the coefficients (β) sorted in ascending order.

[0057] (4.4) Example 3 of the extended range As shown in FIG. 11, for Example 3 of the extended range, similar to the default range, the coefficient (β) shown in the right column is associated with the index shown in the left column. For example, Example 3 of the extended range includes a value ("180.000" here) that is larger than the maximum value "126.000" that the coefficient (β) can take in the default range. In Example 3 of the extended range, using the index that was Reserved in the default range, values larger than the default range are defined.

[0058] (4.5) Example 4 of the extended range As shown in FIG. 12, for Example 4 of the extended range, similar to the default range, the coefficient (β) shown in the right column is associated with the index shown in the left column. For example, Example 4 of the extended range includes a value ("180.000" here) that is larger than the maximum value "126.000" that the coefficient (β) can take in the default range. Example 4 of the extended range has the same configuration as Example 3 of the extended range, but is different from Example 3 of the extended range in that a new Table is defined.

[0059] (4.6) Example 5 of the extended range As shown in FIG. 13, for Example 5 of the extended range, similar to the default range, the coefficient (β) shown in the right column is associated with the index shown in the left column. For example, Example 5 of the extended range includes values ("0.000", "0.500", "0.650", "0.800" here) that are smaller than the minimum value "1.000" that the coefficient (β) can take in the default range, and also includes a value ("180.000" here) that is larger than the maximum value "126.000" that the coefficient (β) can take in the default range. In Example 5 of the extended range, using the index that was Reserved in the default range, values smaller than the default range and values larger than the default range are defined.

[0060] (4.7) Example 6 of the extended range As shown in FIG. 14, for Example 6 of the extended range, similar to the default range, the coefficients (β) shown in the right column are associated with the indices shown in the left column. For example, Example 6 of the extended range includes values smaller than the minimum value "1.000" of the values that the coefficient (β) can take in the default range (here, "0.000", "0.500", "0.650", "0.800"), and includes a value larger than the maximum value "126.000" of the values that the coefficient (β) can take in the default range (here, "180.000"). In Example 6 of the extended range, a new Table is defined in which the coefficients (β) are sorted in ascending order.

[0061] (5) Application Examples of the Extended Range Hereinafter, application examples of the extended range will be described. Here, the conditions required for the case where the extended range is applied will be described.

[0062] (5.1) Condition 1 Condition 1 is that there are no particular conditions required for the case where the extended range is applied. For example, when an index that was Reserved in the default range is used to define a value either smaller than the default range or larger than the default range (hereinafter, the extended value of β), it is possible to specify the extended value of β by the existing index. For example, the extended ranges shown in FIGS. 9, 11, and 13 may be applied without particular conditions being required.

[0063] As shown in FIG. 15, the RRC message used in Condition 1 may include information elements defined in 3GPP Release 16. The information element may include UCI-OnPUSCH, and may include UCI-OnPUSCH-ForDCI-Fromat0-2-r16. UCI-OnPUSCH may include Dynamic or semiStatic as betaOffsets that specify a coefficient (β). UCI-OnPUSCH may also include Scaling that specifies the above-mentioned scaling factor (α). UCI-OnPUSCH-ForDCI-Fromat0-2-r16 is an information element used when the format of DCI is DCI Format 0_2. UCI-OnPUSCH-ForDCI-Fromat0-2-r16 may include Dynamic or semiStatic as betaOffsets that specify a coefficient (β). UCI-OnPUSCH-ForDCI-Fromat0-2-r16 may also include Scaling that specifies the above-mentioned scaling factor (α). betaOffsets is an information element that indicates the indexes shown in FIGS. 9, 11, and 13 (TS38.331 V16.2.0 §6.3.2 ”Radio Resource Control Information elements”).

[0064] (5.2) Condition 2 Condition 2 is specified based on a radio resource control message (RRC message). In other words, UE200 applies the extended range based on the RRC message.

[0065] For example, the RRC message may include an information element indicating whether to apply the extended range. When the information element indicating to apply the extended range is included in the RRC message, the extended range may be applied. When the information element indicating to apply the extended range is not included in the RRC message, or when the information element indicating not to apply the extended range is included in the RRC message, the extended range may not be applied.

[0066] As shown in Fig. 16, the RRC message used in condition 2 may include betaOffset-Table-r17 in addition to the information elements defined in 3GPP Release 16. betaOffset-Table-r17 may be included in UCI-OnPUSCH or UCI-OnPUSCH-ForDCI-Fromat0-2-r16. When betaOffset-Table-r17 is enabled, an extended range may be applied.

[0067] As shown in Fig. 17, the RRC message used in condition 2 may include UCI-OnPUSCH-r17 or UCI-OnPUSCH-ForDCI-Fromat0-2-r16-r17 in addition to the information elements defined in 3GPP Release 16. Similar to UCI-OnPUSCH, UCI-OnPUSCH-r17 may include Dynamic or semiStatic as betaOffsets that specify a coefficient (β). UCI-OnPUSCH-r17 may also include Scaling that specifies a scaling factor (α). Similar to UCI-OnPUSCH-ForDCI-Fromat0-2-r16, UCI-OnPUSCH-ForDCI-Fromat0-2-r16-r17 may include Dynamic or semiStatic as betaOffsets that specify a coefficient (β). UCI-OnPUSCH-ForDCI-Fromat0-2-r16-r17 may also include Scaling that specifies a scaling factor (α).

[0068] (5.3) Condition 3 Condition 3 is that UE Capability including information elements related to the application of the extended range is reported from UE200. In other words, UE200 applies the extended range based on the capabilities of UE200 (UE Capability).

[0069] For example, the information element regarding the application of the extended range may be an information element indicating that UE200 supports multiplexing of UCI for an uplink channel (UL-SCH, PUSCH) with a priority different from the priority of the UCI. The information element regarding the application of the extended range may also be an information element indicating that UE200 corresponds to the extended range.

[0070] (5.4) Condition 4 Condition 4 is that the format of the downlink control information (DCI) is a specific format. In other words, UE200 applies the extended range based on the DCI. The specific format may be DCI Format 0_2.

[0071] Note that Condition 4 may be combined with Condition 2 described above. For example, when betaOffset-Table-r17 included in UCI-OnPUSCH-ForDCI-Fromat0-2-r16 is enabled and the format of the DCI is DCI Format 0_2, the extended range may be applied. Alternatively, when UCI-OnPUSCH-ForDCI-Fromat0-2-r16-r17 is included in the RRC message and the format of the DCI is DCI Format 0_2, the extended range may be applied.

[0072] (5.5) Condition 5 Condition 5 may be that the scaling factor (α) is greater than or equal to the first threshold, or the scaling factor (α) is less than or equal to the second threshold. In other words, UE200 applies the extended range based on the value of the scaling factor (α).

[0073] For example, the first threshold value may be the minimum value ("1.000") that the coefficient (β) can take within a predetermined range. When the value of α is greater than or equal to the minimum value, an extended range including values smaller than the predetermined range may be applied. The second threshold value may be the maximum value ("126.000") that the coefficient (β) can take within a predetermined range. When the value of α is less than or equal to the maximum value, an extended range including values larger than the predetermined range may be applied.

[0074] (5.6) Condition 6 Condition 6 may be that the priority of the uplink control information (UCI) is different from the priority of the uplink shared channel (UL-SCH, PUSCH). In other words, the UE 200 may apply an extended range when the priority of the UCI is different from the priority of the UL-SCH.

[0075] For example, when the priority of the UCI is low and the priority of the UL-SCH is high, an extended range including values smaller than the predetermined range may be applied. In such a case, UCI with a high priority may already be multiplexed on the PUSCH (UL-SCH). When the priority of the UCI is high and the priority of the UL-SCH is low, an extended range including values larger than the predetermined range may be applied.

[0076] Note that the UE 200 may apply the predetermined range when the priority of the UCI is the same as the priority of the UL-SCH. However, the UE 200 may also apply an extended range when the priority of the UCI is the same as the priority of the UL-SCH. The case where the priority of the UCI is the same as the priority of the UL-SCH may include cases where the priorities of both the UCI and the UL-SCH are low, and may also include cases where the priorities of both the UCI and the UL-SCH are high.

[0077] (6) Operation example Hereinafter, an operation example of the embodiment will be described. Hereinafter, the multiplexing of UCI for the UL-SCH (PUSCH) will be mainly described.

[0078] As shown in FIG. 18, in step S10, UE200 transmits a message including UE Capability to NG-RAN20. The UE Capability may include an information element regarding the application of the extended range (condition 3 described above).

[0079] In step S11, UE100 receives an RRC message from NG-RAN20. The RRC message may include an information element indicating whether to apply the extended range (conditions 1 and 2 described above).

[0080] In step S12, UE200 receives one or more DCIs from NG-RAN20 via PDCCH. The format of the DCI may be DCI Format 0_2 (condition 4 described above).

[0081] In step S13, UE200 transmits an uplink signal using a UL-SCH (PUSCH) multiplexed with UCI. In such a case, based on at least any one of conditions 1 to 6 described above, UE200 may apply an extended range as the range in which the coefficient (β) can take values (FIGS. 9 to 14).

[0082] (7) Operations and Effects In the embodiment, UE200 applies an extended range (FIGS. 9 to 14) including at least any one of a value smaller than the default range and a value larger than the default range as the range in which the coefficient (β) used in rate matching can take values. According to such a configuration, multiplexing of uplink control information (UCI) for the uplink shared channel (UL-SCH, PUSCH) can be appropriately performed. In particular, such a configuration is useful in a case where the priority of UCI is different from the priority of UL-SCH.

[0083] [Other Embodiments] The content of the present invention has been described along with the embodiments above, but it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to these descriptions and various modifications and improvements are possible.

[0084] In the above disclosure, HARQ-ACK was mainly described. However, the above disclosure is not limited thereto. The UCI multiplexed on the UL-SCH may include CSI Part 1 or CSI Part 2. In such a case, the minimum value of the coefficient (β) that can be taken within the default range may be "1.125". The maximum value of the coefficient (β) that can be taken within the default range may be "20.00" (TS38.213 V16.3.0 §9.3 "UCI reporting in physical uplink shared channel"). Therefore, the extended range of the coefficient (β) for CSI Part 1 and CSI Part 2 may include a value smaller than "1.125" or a value larger than "20.00".

[0085] Although not specifically mentioned in the above disclosure, the default range may be a range used when the priority of the uplink control information (UCI) is the same as the priority of the uplink shared channel (UL-SCH, PUSCH). Such a range may be referred to as the first range. It may also be a range used when the priority of the uplink control information (UCI) is different from the priority of the uplink shared channel (UL-SCH, PUSCH). Such a range may be referred to as the second range.

[0086] Although not specifically mentioned in the above disclosure, the priority may be determined as follows. For example, the priority of HARQ-ACK may be higher than the priority of SR. The priority related to URLLC (Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communications) may be higher than the priority related to eMBB (enhanced Mobile BroadBand).

[0087] The block diagram (FIG. 4) used in the description of the above-described embodiments shows blocks in terms of functions. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Also, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one physically or logically combined device, or two or more physically or logically separated devices may be directly or indirectly (e.g., using wired, wireless, etc.) connected and realized using these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining software with the above one device or the above multiple devices.

[0088] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, determination, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, solution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, regarded as, notification (broadcasting), notification (notifying), communication (communicating), forwarding, configuration (configuring), reconfiguration (reconfiguring), allocation (allocating, mapping), assignment (assigning), etc. For example, a functional block (component) that functions to transmit is called a transmitting unit or a transmitter. As described above, the realization method is not particularly limited.

[0089] Furthermore, the above-described UE200 (the device) may function as a computer that performs the processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the device. As shown in FIG. 19, the device may be configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, and a bus 1007, etc.

[0090] In the following description, the term "device" can be read as a circuit, device, unit, etc. The hardware configuration of the device may be configured to include one or more of each device shown in the figure, or may be configured without including some of the devices.

[0091] Each functional block of the device (see Figure 4) is realized by any hardware element of the computer device or a combination of such hardware elements.

[0092] Also, each function in the device is realized by loading a predetermined software (program) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, so that the processor 1001 performs calculations and controls communication by the communication device 1004, or controls at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0093] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by operating, for example, an operating system. The processor 1001 may be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic device, registers, etc.

[0094] Also, the processor 1001 reads a program (program code), software module, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and executes various processes according to these. As the program, a program for causing the computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiments is used. Furthermore, the above various processes may be executed by one processor 1001, or may be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. Note that the program may be transmitted from a network via a telecommunication line.

[0095] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be constituted by at least one of, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), etc. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 can store a program (program code), a software module, etc. capable of executing the method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0096] The storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be constituted by at least one of, for example, an optical disc such as a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc, a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disc), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The above-described recording medium may be, for example, a database, a server, or other appropriate media including at least one of the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0097] The communication device 1004 is hardware (a transmission / reception device) for performing communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc.

[0098] The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. in order to implement at least one of, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD).

[0099] The input device 1005 is an input device that receives external input (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that performs external output (for example, a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.). Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may have an integrated configuration (for example, a touch panel).

[0100] Also, each device such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002 is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus or may be configured using different buses for each device.

[0101] Furthermore, the device may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), etc., and part or all of each functional block may be realized by the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0102] Also, the notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and other methods may be used. For example, the notification of information may be implemented by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, notification information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB))), other signals, or combinations thereof. Also, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, etc.

[0103] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to at least one of systems using Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), Future Radio Access (FRA), New Radio (NR), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), other suitable systems, and next-generation systems extended based thereon. Also, multiple systems may be combined (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A and 5G) and applied.

[0104] The processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be reordered as long as there is no contradiction. For example, for the methods described in the present disclosure, the elements of various steps are presented using an exemplary order and are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0105] Specific operations assumed to be performed by a base station in the present disclosure may, in some cases, be performed by its upper node. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with a terminal can be performed by at least one of the base station and other network nodes other than the base station (for example, but not limited to, MME or S-GW, etc.). Although the case where there is one other network node other than the base station is exemplified above, a combination of a plurality of other network nodes (for example, MME and S-GW) may also be possible.

[0106] Information, signals (such as information) can be output from an upper layer (or lower layer) to a lower layer (or upper layer). They may also be input and output via a plurality of network nodes.

[0107] The input and output information may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. The input and output information can be overwritten, updated, or appended. The output information may be deleted. The input information may be transmitted to other devices.

[0108] The determination may be made based on a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or may be made based on a Boolean value (true or false), or may be made by comparing numerical values (for example, comparison with a predetermined value).

[0109] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched and used during execution. Also, the notification of predetermined information (for example, the notification of "being X") is not limited to being explicitly performed, and may be performed implicitly (for example, by not performing the notification of the predetermined information).

[0110] Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc., whether called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, a hardware description language, or by any other name.

[0111] Also, software, instructions, information, etc. may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, when software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), etc.) and wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of the transmission medium.

[0112] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., which may be referred to throughout the above description, may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0113] In addition, with respect to the terms described in the present disclosure and the terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure, they may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Also, the signal may be a message. Further, a component carrier (CC) may be referred to as a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, or the like.

[0114] The terms "system" and "network" used in the present disclosure are used interchangeably.

[0115] Also, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be represented using absolute values, relative values from a predetermined value, or corresponding other information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by an index.

[0116] The names used for the above-described parameters are not limiting in any way. Furthermore, mathematical formulas and the like using these parameters may be different from those explicitly disclosed in the present disclosure. Since various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable names, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not limiting in any way.

[0117] In the present disclosure, terms such as "Base Station (BS)", "radio base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNodeB (eNB)", "gNodeB (gNB)", "access point", "transmission point", "reception point", "transmission / reception point", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", "component carrier", etc. may be used interchangeably. The base station may also be referred to by terms such as macro cell, small cell, femto cell, pico cell, etc.

[0118] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells (also called sectors). When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the entire coverage area of the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each of the smaller areas can also provide communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head: RRH)).

[0119] The term "cell" or "sector" refers to a part or the whole of the coverage area of at least one of the base station and the base station subsystem that provides communication services within this coverage.

[0120] In the present disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)", "user terminal", "User Equipment (UE)", "terminal", etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0121] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable term.

[0122] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving body, the moving body itself, etc. The moving body may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), a moving body that moves unmanned (e.g., a drone, a self-driving vehicle, etc.), or a robot (humanoid or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station also includes a device that does not necessarily move during communication operation. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0123] Also, the base station in the present disclosure may be read as a mobile station (user terminal, the same hereinafter). For example, for a configuration in which communication between the base station and the mobile station is replaced with communication between a plurality of mobile stations (which may be referred to as, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), etc.), each aspect / embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied. In this case, the functions of the base station may be configured as functions of the mobile station. Also, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to communication between terminals (e.g., "side"). For example, an uplink channel, a downlink channel, etc. may be read as a side channel.

[0124] Similarly, the mobile station in the present disclosure may be read as a base station. In this case, the functions of the mobile station may be configured as functions of the base station.

[0125] The wireless frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be called a subframe.

[0126] The subframe may further be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. The subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) independent of numerology.

[0127] Numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a certain signal or channel. Numerology may indicate at least one of, for example, subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, wireless frame configuration, specific filtering processing performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, specific windowing processing performed by a transceiver in the time domain, etc.

[0128] The slot may be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.) in the time domain. The slot may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0129] A slot may include a plurality of mini-slots. Each mini-slot may be composed of one or more symbols in the time domain. Also, a mini-slot may be called a sub-slot. A mini-slot may be composed of a smaller number of symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-slot may be called a PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a mini-slot may be called a PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0130] A radio frame, a sub-frame, a slot, a mini-slot, and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. Different names corresponding to each of them may also be used.

[0131] For example, one sub-frame may be called a transmission time interval (TTI), or a plurality of consecutive sub-frames may be called a TTI, or one slot or one mini-slot may be called a TTI. That is, at least one of the sub-frame and the TTI may be a sub-frame (1 ms) in the existing LTE, or a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1 - 13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, a mini-slot, etc. instead of a sub-frame.

[0132] Here, the TTI refers to, for example, the minimum time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used in each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. Note that the definition of the TTI is not limited to this.

[0133] The TTI may be a transmission time unit such as a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), code block, codeword, etc., or may be a processing unit such as scheduling and link adaptation. When the TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) in which a transport block, code block, codeword, etc. are actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0134] Note that when one slot or one mini-slot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may be the minimum time unit of scheduling. Also, the number of slots (number of mini-slots) constituting the minimum time unit of the scheduling may be controlled.

[0135] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a normal TTI (TTI in LTE Rel.8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, normal subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than the normal TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), shortened subframe, short subframe, mini-slot, sub-slot, slot, etc.

[0136] Note that the long TTI (e.g., normal TTI, subframe, etc.) may be read as a TTI having a time length exceeding 1 ms, and the short TTI (e.g., shortened TTI, etc.) may be read as a TTI having a TTI length less than that of the long TTI and not less than 1 ms.

[0137] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or a plurality of consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in the RB may be the same regardless of the numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in the RB may be determined based on the numerology.

[0138] Also, the time domain of the RB may include one or more symbols, and may have a length of 1 slot, 1 mini-slot, 1 sub-frame, or 1 TTI. 1 TTI, 1 sub-frame, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0139] Note that one or more RBs may be referred to as a physical resource block (Physical RB: PRB), a sub-carrier group (Sub-Carrier Group: SCG), a resource element group (Resource Element Group: REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0140] Also, the resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (Resource Element: RE). For example, 1 RE may be a radio resource area of 1 sub-carrier and 1 symbol.

[0141] A bandwidth part (Bandwidth Part: BWP) (which may also be called a partial bandwidth, etc.) may represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (common RBs) for a certain numerology in a certain carrier. Here, the common RB may be specified by the index of the RB based on the common reference point of the carrier. The PRB is defined in a certain BWP and may be numbered within the BWP.

[0142] The BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL (DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be set within one carrier for the UE.

[0143] At least one of the set BWPs may be active, and the UE may not be assumed to transmit and receive a predetermined signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that "cell", "carrier", etc. in the present disclosure may be read as "BWP".

[0144] The structures such as the above-described radio frames, sub-frames, slots, mini-slots, and symbols are merely illustrative. For example, the number of sub-frames included in a radio frame, the number of slots per sub-frame or radio frame, the number of mini-slots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or mini-slot, the number of sub-carriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, Cyclic Prefix (CP) length, etc. within a TTI can be variously changed.

[0145] The terms "connected" and "coupled", or any variations thereof, mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and can include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "accessed". As used in this disclosure, two elements can be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using at least one of one or more wires, cables, and printed electrical connections, and also, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in radio frequency regions, microwave regions, and optical (both visible and invisible) regions.

[0146] The reference signal can also be abbreviated as Reference Signal (RS) and may be called a Pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0147] The description "based on" used in this disclosure does not mean "only based on" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the description "based on" means both "only based on" and "at least based on".

[0148] In the configurations of each of the above-described devices, the "means" may be replaced with a "section", "circuit", "device", or the like.

[0149] In the present disclosure, any reference to elements using designations such as "first", "second", etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in the present disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not mean that only two elements can be employed there, or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

[0150] In the present disclosure, when terms such as "include", "including", and their variants are used, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising". Further, the term "or" used in the present disclosure is not intended to be an exclusive disjunction.

[0151] In the present disclosure, for example, when articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the present disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0152] As used in this disclosure, the terms "determining" and "deciding" may encompass a wide variety of actions. "Determining" and "deciding" may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (e.g., searching a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, and considering something as having been "determined" or "decided". Also, "determining" and "deciding" may include considering something as having been "determined" or "decided" based on receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., transmitting information), inputting, outputting, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc. Further, "determining" and "deciding" may include considering something as having been "determined" or "decided" based on resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. That is, "determining" and "deciding" may include considering that some action has been "determined" or "decided". Also, "determining (deciding)" may be read as "assuming", "expecting", "considering", etc.

[0153] In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean that "A and B are different from each other". Note that the term may also mean that "A and B are each different from C". Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different".

[0154] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and changed forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and has no restrictive meaning for the present disclosure.

Explanation of Signs

[0155] 10 Wireless communication system 20 NG-RAN 100 gNB 200 UE 210 Wireless signal transceiver 220 Amplifier section 230 Modulation / demodulation section 240 Control signal / reference signal processing section 250 Encoding / decoding section 260 Data transceiver 270 Control section 1001 Processor 1002 Memory 1003 Storage 1004 Communication device 1005 Input device 1006 Output device 1007 Bus

Claims

1. a transmitter that transmits the uplink signal by using an uplink shared channel on which uplink control information is multiplexed; a control unit that multiplies a number of bits constituting the uplink control information by a coefficient in rate matching of the uplink control information, A terminal, wherein the range of values ​​that the coefficients can take includes values ​​that are smaller than a predetermined range.

2. The terminal according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit applies the coefficients based on higher layer signaling.

3. The terminal according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit applies the coefficient based on downlink control information.

4. The terminal of claim 1 , wherein the uplink control information is an acknowledgement.

5. a receiving unit that receives the uplink signal by using an uplink shared channel on which uplink control information is multiplexed; a control unit that instructs multiplying a number of bits constituting the uplink control information by a coefficient in rate matching of the uplink control information, A base station, wherein the range of values ​​that the coefficients can take includes values ​​that are smaller than a predetermined range.

6. A terminal and a base station, The terminal includes: a transmitter that transmits the uplink signal by using an uplink shared channel on which uplink control information is multiplexed; a control unit that multiplies a number of bits constituting the uplink control information by a coefficient in rate matching of the uplink control information, The base station, a receiving unit that receives the uplink signal by using the uplink shared channel on which the uplink control information is multiplexed; a control unit that instructs multiplying the number of bits constituting the uplink control information by the coefficient in rate matching of the uplink control information, A wireless communication system, wherein the range of possible values ​​for the coefficients includes values ​​less than a predetermined range.

7. transmitting the uplink signal using an uplink shared channel on which uplink control information is multiplexed; In the rate matching of the uplink control information, a step of multiplying a number of bits constituting the uplink control information by a coefficient; A wireless communication method, wherein the range of possible values ​​for the coefficients includes values ​​less than a predetermined range.

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