Jig for non-destructive measurement device

Abstract

To provide a jig for a non-destructive measurement device that has no height limitations on vegetables and fruits being measurement objects and can improve a light condensing property.SOLUTION: A jig 40 which is attached to a sample stage 12 of a non-destructive measurement device 1 that measures the sugar content or functional components of vegetables and fruits on the basis of a spectroscopic absorption spectrum acquired by irradiating the vegetables and fruits with light source light includes a hollow cylindrical part 42 that extends along a central axis 41 of the jig 40. An inner wall surface 42c of the cylindrical part 42 reflects the light source light emitted from a light source 15 toward the vegetables and fruits placed on a placement part 14. The circumferential length of the inner wall surface 42c of the cylindrical part 42 is longer than the outer circumference length of the light source 15 at least at one end 42a of the cylindrical part 42. The one end 42a side of the cylindrical part 42 is detachably engaged with the periphery of the light source 15 on a main surface 12a. The other end 42b side of the cylindrical part 42 is open.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a jig for a non-destructive measurement device that measures the fruit quality (such as sugar content or functional components) of fresh fruits and vegetables.

Background Art

[0002] There is known a near-infrared spectrophotometer that non-destructively measures the sugar content of fresh fruits and vegetables by an interactance (diffuse reflection) mode, which is a measurement mode of irradiating light from a light source onto the fresh fruits and vegetables, diffusely reflecting inside the fresh fruits and vegetables, and condensing the light emitted from the fresh fruits and vegetables (hereinafter also referred to as "return light") (for example, Patent Document 1). Conventional near-infrared spectrophotometers have mainly been used to measure large fruits such as peaches, apples, or pears. On the other hand, in tomatoes, not only large tomatoes but also small-fruited cherry tomatoes are now in circulation, and they are fresh fruits and vegetables with a large variation in fruit size (weight). In the case of small fruits with a tomato weight of less than 9 to 10 g (fruit diameter of approximately 27 mm), in a near-infrared spectrophotometer designed for large tomatoes, the light condensing property deteriorates, making non-destructive measurement difficult. If such small-fruited tomatoes can also be non-destructively measured, non-destructive measurement from small fruits to large fruits becomes possible using a single near-infrared spectrophotometer.

[0003] As a first step to solve this problem, it is conceivable to improve a cylindrical jig attached to the measurement probe of a near-infrared spectrophotometer to improve the light condensing property. For example, the jig of Non-Patent Document 1 (hereinafter also referred to as the "old jig") has a light-shielding sheet installed on the inner wall surface of the jig and a mirror installed on the inner surface (lower surface) of the upper part of the jig. In Non-Patent Document 1, light from a light source that is not effectively used for non-destructive measurement is reflected by the mirror toward the fresh fruit side, and the light (return light) transmitted from the opposite equatorial plane is condensed by making it incident from the fruit equatorial plane of the fresh fruit.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Non-Patent Literature

[0005]

Non-Patent Literature 1

Non-Patent Literature 2

Non-Patent Literature 3

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] Since the conventional jig of Non-Patent Literature 1 is a closed cylindrical jig with a closed upper part, the fresh fruits and vegetables to be measured are restricted in the height direction. For example, in the case of fresh fruits and vegetables with long branches attached to the upper part of the fruit like cherries, it is difficult to properly place the fresh fruits and vegetables on the light collecting part at the center of the sample stage with the conventional jig of Non-Patent Literature 1, so it was difficult to improve the light collecting property. In addition, even when the cylindrical part was lengthened in the conventional jig for cherry tomatoes, it was difficult to improve the light collecting property.

[0007] In addition, since the absorbance of visible light becomes very high when using a halogen light source for dyes (such as anthocyanin or lycopene) that are attracting attention as functional components in fruits, it is essential to improve the light collecting property in order to ensure robust quantification in a high concentration range.

[0008] The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to provide a jig for a non-destructive measurement device that has no height limit for fruits and vegetables to be measured and can improve light condensing properties.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, a jig for a non-destructive measurement device according to the present invention irradiates a fruit or vegetable with light from a light source, diffusely reflects inside the fruit or vegetable, collects the return light emitted from the fruit or vegetable, and obtains a spectroscopic absorption spectrum in the near-infrared wavelength range or the visible / near-infrared wavelength range, and measures the sugar content or functional components of the fruit or vegetable based on the obtained spectroscopic absorption spectrum. It is a jig attached to a sample stage of a non-destructive measurement device, wherein the sample stage is provided at the center of the main surface of the sample stage, and includes a light condensing part for condensing the return light, a placement part provided around the light condensing part on the main surface for placing the fruit or vegetable, and a placement part provided around the placement part on the main surface, forming a ring shape surrounding the placement part, a light source that emits the light source light, and a light guiding part connected to the light condensing part and provided inside the sample stage for guiding the return light condensed by the light condensing part to a spectroscopic detection device of the non-destructive measurement device. The jig includes a hollow cylindrical part extending along the central axis of the jig, the inner wall surface of the cylindrical part reflects the light source light emitted from the light source toward the fruit or vegetable placed on the placement part, the circumferential length of the inner wall surface of the cylindrical part is longer than the length of the outer circumference of the light source at least at one end of the cylindrical part, one end side of the cylindrical part is detachably engaged with the periphery of the light source on the main surface, and the other end side of the cylindrical part is open.

[0010] As a more preferable aspect, the jig includes an opening provided on the other end side of the cylindrical part and a flange part provided on the one end side of the cylindrical part, and the flange part extends radially outward from one end of the cylindrical part and abuts against the periphery of the light source on the main surface.

[0011] More preferably, the jig includes an opening provided on the other end side of the cylindrical portion, and a flange portion extending radially inward from the other end of the cylindrical portion to the opening.

[0012] More preferably, the circumferential length of the inner wall surface is characterized in that the circumferential length on the other end side is shorter than the circumferential length on the one end side.

[0013] More preferably, the inner wall surface of the cylindrical portion is formed of the same metal material as the portion other than the inner wall surface of the cylindrical portion and is a metal material capable of reflecting the light from the light source.

[0014] More preferably, the inner wall surface of the cylindrical portion is formed of the same resin material as the portion other than the inner wall surface of the cylindrical portion and is a resin material capable of reflecting the light from the light source.

Advantages of the Invention

[0015] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a jig for a non-destructive measurement device that has no height limit for the fruits and vegetables to be measured and can improve the light condensing property.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Figure 12

Figure 13

Figure 14

Figure 15

Figure 16

Figure 17

Figure 18

Figure 19

Figure 20

Figure 21

Figure 22

Figure 23

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0017] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. For configurations or functions denoted by the same reference numerals in each embodiment, unless otherwise particularly mentioned, they have the same configurations or functions in each embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

[0018] [Non-destructive measurement method] With reference to FIG. 1, the non-destructive measurement method of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the non-destructive measurement method of the present embodiment.

[0019] The non-destructive measurement method of the present embodiment includes an estimation model creation step S1 and a measurement step S2. The estimation model creation step S1 is a step of creating an estimation model for estimating the sugar content or functional components (for example, carotenoids such as anthocyanins or lycopene, etc.) from the spectroscopic absorption spectra in the near-infrared wavelength region or the visible-near-infrared wavelength region of the target fresh produce (for example, cherry tomatoes, strawberries, a single grape, blueberries, etc.). The measurement step S2 is a step of measuring the spectroscopic absorption spectrum of the fresh produce to be measured and applying the measured spectroscopic absorption spectrum to the estimation model to estimate the sugar content or functional components of the fresh produce to be measured.

[0020] In the estimation model creation step S1, first, in order to create an estimation model, the target fresh produce is prepared (step S11). Then, the actual measured values of the sugar content or functional components of the target fresh produce are obtained (step S12).

[0021] Also, in the estimation model creation step S1, the spectroscopic absorption spectrum of the fresh produce is obtained in the interactance mode (step S13). Specifically, the fresh produce is set on the measurement probe 11 of the non-destructive measurement device 1 described later, and the fresh produce is irradiated with visible-near-infrared light from the light source 15 of the measurement probe 11. At the light condensing unit 13 of the measurement probe 11, the return light, which is the diffused reflection light of the fresh produce, is condensed. In the spectroscopic detection device 10 of the non-destructive measurement device 1, the spectroscopic absorption spectrum in the near-infrared wavelength region or the visible-near-infrared wavelength region is obtained from the condensed return light. Here, the diffused reflection light may include both the light reflected on the surface of the fresh produce and the light diffusely reflected inside the fresh produce.

[0022] Next, in the estimation model creation step S1, data preprocessing is performed on the acquired spectroscopic absorption spectrum as necessary (step S14). In data preprocessing, for example, at least one signal processing operation such as centering, standardization, normalization, second derivative, baseline correction, and smoothing is performed.

[0023] Thereafter, in the estimation model creation step S1, an estimation model for estimating the sugar content or functional components of fresh fruits and vegetables is created by performing multivariate analysis on the spectroscopic absorption spectrum (step S15). The estimation model for estimating the sugar content may be created using the spectroscopic absorption spectrum in the near-infrared wavelength region or the visible / near-infrared wavelength region. The estimation model for estimating the functional components may be created using the spectroscopic absorption spectrum in the visible wavelength region or the visible / near-infrared wavelength region. When using regression analysis as the multivariate analysis, for example, a regression equation (calibration curve) for estimating the numerical value of the sugar content or functional components from the spectroscopic absorption spectrum is created as the estimation model. As the regression analysis, for example, PLS regression analysis or multiple regression analysis can be used.

[0024] In this embodiment, the case of creating an estimation model using regression analysis as the multivariate analysis will be described. However, the estimation model is not limited to regression analysis and may be created using discriminant analysis, principal component analysis, cluster analysis, etc. Furthermore, the estimation model may be created by machine learning (for example, deep learning) instead of multivariate analysis, or may be created by incorporating machine learning into multivariate analysis.

[0025] In the measurement step S2, first, a fresh fruit or vegetable to be measured (measurement object) is prepared (step S21). Then, in the same manner as in step S13, the spectroscopic absorption spectrum of the fresh fruit or vegetable to be measured is acquired in the interactance mode (step S22).

[0026] Next, in the measurement step S2, similar to step S14, data preprocessing is performed on the acquired spectroscopic absorption spectrum as necessary (step S23). Then, in the measurement step S2, the spectroscopic absorption spectrum is applied to the estimation model created in step S15 to estimate the sugar content or functional components of the fresh produce to be measured (step S24). At this time, when estimating the sugar content, a spectroscopic absorption spectrum in the near-infrared wavelength range or the visible / near-infrared wavelength range may be applied to the sugar content estimation model. When estimating the functional components, a spectroscopic absorption spectrum in the visible wavelength range or the visible / near-infrared wavelength range may be applied to the functional component estimation model.

[0027] [Non-destructive measurement device] The non-destructive measurement device 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the schematic configuration of the non-destructive measurement device 1 of the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the non-destructive measurement device 1 shown in FIG. 2.

[0028] The non-destructive measurement device 1 is a device that can be suitably used for the non-destructive measurement method shown in FIG. 1. That is, the non-destructive measurement device 1 irradiates a fresh produce with a light source light, collects the return light that is diffusely reflected inside the fresh produce and emitted from the fresh produce, and acquires a spectroscopic absorption spectrum in the near-infrared wavelength range or the visible / near-infrared wavelength range, and measures the sugar content or functional components of the fresh produce based on the acquired spectroscopic absorption spectrum. The non-destructive measurement device 1 includes a spectroscopic detection device 10 to which a measurement probe 11 for irradiating the light source light and collecting the return light is connected, and a data processing device 20.

[0029] The spectroscopic detection device 10 is a device that disperses the return light collected by the measurement probe 11, acquires a spectroscopic absorption spectrum in the near-infrared wavelength range or the visible / near-infrared wavelength range, and transmits it to the data processing device 20. As the spectroscopic method of the spectroscopic detection device 10, various methods such as a grating, a filter method, a pre-dispersion method, or a post-dispersion method can be used. As the optical sensor of the spectroscopic detection device 10, various sensors such as an image sensor (polychromator) or a photodiode (monochromator) can be used.

[0030] The data processing device 20 is a device that estimates the sugar content or functional components of fruits and vegetables to be measured from the spectroscopic absorption spectrum acquired by the spectroscopic detection device 10. The data processing device 20 is constituted by, for example, a personal computer or the like. The data processing device 20 includes a memory 21, a control unit 23, and a calculation processing unit 24. A keyboard / mouse 22, an I / O port (for example, a USB port or the like) 26, a display 29, etc. are connected to the data processing device 20. The user inputs measurement conditions and the like to the data processing device 20 using the keyboard / mouse 22.

[0031] The memory 21 stores the spectroscopic absorption spectrum that is transmitted from the spectroscopic detection device 10 to the data processing device 20 and acquired by the spectroscopic absorption spectrum acquisition unit 24a of the calculation processing unit 24. The memory 21 stores the actually measured values of the sugar content or functional components of fruits and vegetables that are used when the estimation model creation unit 24b of the calculation processing unit 24 creates the estimation model 27. The memory 21 stores the estimation model 27 created by the estimation model creation unit 24b. The actually measured values of the sugar content or functional components of fruits and vegetables are input from the keyboard / mouse 22 or the I / O port 26.

[0032] In response to the operation of the user's keyboard / mouse 22, the control unit 23 issues commands such as ON / OFF of the light irradiation to the light source 15 and a start command for spectrum acquisition to the spectroscopic detection device 10. The control unit 23 commands the calculation processing unit 24 to execute processing.

[0033] The spectroscopic absorption spectrum acquisition unit 24a of the calculation processing unit 24 performs data preprocessing on the spectroscopic absorption spectrum transferred from the spectroscopic detection device 10 and stored in the memory 21 as necessary, and extracts the spectroscopic absorption spectrum necessary for analysis. The spectroscopic absorption spectrum acquisition unit 24a stores the extracted spectroscopic absorption spectrum in the memory 21. The spectroscopic absorption spectrum acquisition unit 24a may display the extracted spectroscopic absorption spectrum on the display 29 or may print it via a printer (not shown).

[0034] The estimation model creation unit 24b of the calculation processing unit 24 performs multivariate analysis on the extracted spectroscopic absorption spectrum and creates an estimation model 27. The estimation model creation unit 24b stores the created estimation model 27 in the memory 21. The estimation model creation unit 24b may cause the created estimation model 27 to be displayed on the display 29 or the like.

[0035] The estimation unit 24c of the calculation processing unit 24 applies the spectroscopic absorption spectrum of the measurement target stored in the memory 21 to the estimation model 27 stored in the memory 21, and estimates the sugar content or functional components of the fresh produce to be measured. The estimation unit 24c stores the estimated sugar content or functional components in the memory 21. The estimation unit 24c may cause the estimated sugar content or functional components to be displayed on the display 29 or the like.

[0036] Note that the memory 21 can store estimation models 27 corresponding to multiple types of fresh produce. Thereby, the non-destructive measurement device 1 can measure the sugar content or functional components of multiple types of fresh produce with a single device. The data processing device 20 may be configured as a part of the spectroscopic detection device 10.

[0037] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the detailed configuration of the measurement probe 11 shown in FIG. 2.

[0038] The measurement probe 11 is a device that irradiates a fresh produce with light from a light source, diffusely reflects the light inside the fresh produce, collects the returned light emitted from the fresh produce, and guides the collected returned light to the spectroscopic detection device 10. For the measurement probe 11 and the spectroscopic detection device 10, for example, a spectrophotometer (K-BA100R manufactured by Kubota Corporation (measurement in the interactance mode)) in which these are integrated can be used.

[0039] The measurement probe 11 includes a sample stage 12 on which the fresh produce is placed and an optical fiber 17 that forms an optical path between the sample stage 12 and the spectroscopic detection device 10.

[0040] The sample stage 12 includes a light collection unit 13, a placement unit 14, a light source 15, and a light guiding unit 16.

[0041] The light condensing unit 13 is a part that condenses the return light diffusely reflected inside the fresh produce. The light condensing unit 13 is provided at the center of the main surface 12a of the sample stage 12. The light condensing unit 13 is constituted by a light receiving fiber exposed from an opening provided at the center of the main surface 12a. The main surface 12a is the surface on the side of the sample stage 12 where the fresh produce is placed. The main surface 12a is the upper surface of the sample stage 12. The main surface 12a may be formed as a stepped surface having a stepped portion 12b near the outer periphery of the main surface 12a.

[0042] The placing unit 14 is a part where the fresh produce is placed. The placing unit 14 is constituted by a cushion that protects the fresh produce and removes disturbing light. The placing unit 14 is provided around the light condensing unit 13 on the main surface 12a.

[0043] The light source 15 is a light source that emits light to irradiate the fresh produce. The light source 15 emits light source light including the near-infrared wavelength range or the visible / near-infrared wavelength range. The light source 15 is constituted by a halogen lamp or an LED. The light source 15 forms a ring shape surrounding the placing unit 14. The light source 15 is provided around the placing unit 14 on the main surface 12a. The light source 15 emits light source light upward from the main surface 12a, that is, in a direction away from the main surface 12a.

[0044] The light guiding unit 16 is a part that guides the return light condensed by the light condensing unit 13 to an optical fiber 17 connected to the spectroscopic detection device 10. The light guiding unit 16 is an optical path provided inside the sample stage 12. The light guiding unit 16 may be integrally formed with at least one of the light receiving fiber constituting the light condensing unit 13 and the optical fiber 17.

[0045] [Configuration of the jig] The detailed configuration of the jig 40 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 10. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a state in which the jig 40 is attached to the sample stage 12 shown in FIG. 4 and nondestructive measurement is performed. Note that the symbol F in FIG. 5 indicates a cherry tomato, which is an example of the fresh produce to be measured.

[0046] As shown in FIG. 5, in the non-destructive measurement device 1, for improving the light condensing property, a cylindrical jig 40 is attached to the main surface 12a of the sample stage 12 to perform non-destructive measurement. The jig 40 is an open-type cylindrical jig with an open upper part.

[0047] The jig 40 includes a hollow cylindrical portion 42 extending along the central axis 41 of the jig 40. The cylindrical portion 42 may be formed in a polygonal cylindrical shape, but is preferably formed in a cylindrical shape. In the present embodiment, the jig 40 in which the cylindrical portion 42 is formed in a cylindrical shape will be described.

[0048] The circumferential length of the inner wall surface 42c of the cylindrical portion 42 is longer than the length (circumferential length) of the outer periphery of the ring-shaped light source 15 at least at one end portion 42a of the cylindrical portion 42. That is, the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 42 which is cylindrical is larger than the outer diameter of the ring-shaped light source 15 at least at one end portion 42a of the cylindrical portion 42. The length along the central axis 41 of the cylindrical portion 42 may be longer than the height of the fruit of the fresh produce placed on the placement portion 14.

[0049] One end portion 42a side (lower side) of the cylindrical portion 42 is detachably engaged around the light source 15 on the main surface 12a. The other end portion 42b side (upper side) of the cylindrical portion 42 is open. The inner wall surface 42c of the cylindrical portion 42 reflects the light source light emitted from the light source 15 toward the fresh produce placed on the placement portion 14.

[0050] The conventional jig described in Non-Patent Document 1 has a structure in which a light-shielding sheet is installed on its inner wall surface and a mirror is installed on its upper part. The conventional jig reflects the light source light emitted from the light source 15 by the mirror, and improves the light condensing property only by the light reflected by the mirror.

[0051] On the other hand, the jig 40 of the present embodiment has a structure in which the light-shielding sheet installed on the inner wall surface of the conventional jig is removed and the mirror installed on the upper part of the conventional jig is removed.

[0052] As a result, the jig 40 of the present embodiment can cause the inner wall surface 42c of the cylindrical portion 42 to function as a reflecting surface for the light source light emitted from the light source 15. The jig 40 of the present embodiment can reflect most of the light source light emitted from the light source 15 by the inner wall surface 42c and irradiate the fresh produce placed on the placement portion 14. The jig 40 of the present embodiment can improve the condensing property as compared with the conventional jig in which it is difficult to cause the inner wall surface to function as a reflecting surface for the light source light.

[0053] In addition, since the upper part of the cylindrical portion 42 of the jig 40 of the present embodiment is open, the fresh produce to be measured is not restricted in the height direction. The jig 40 of the present embodiment can appropriately place the fresh produce on the condensing portion 13 located at the center of the sample stage 12 even when measuring fresh produce having a long branch at the upper part of the fruit such as a cherry tomato. The jig 40 of the present embodiment can improve the condensing property as compared with the closed-type conventional jig in which it is difficult to appropriately place the fresh produce.

[0054] Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide the jig 40 of the non-destructive measurement device 1 that has no height limitation on the fresh produce to be measured and can improve the condensing property.

[0055] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the jig 40 of the present embodiment.

[0056] As shown in FIG. 6, the jig 40 of the present embodiment may include an opening 43 provided on the other end portion 42b side of the cylindrical portion 42 and a flange portion 44 provided on one end portion 42a of the cylindrical portion 42. The flange portion 44 extends radially outward from the one end portion 42a of the cylindrical portion 42. The flange portion 44 abuts against the periphery of the light source 15 on the main surface 12a of the sample stage 12.

[0057] As a result, the jig 40 of the present embodiment has a larger contact area with the main surface 12a due to the flange portion 44, so that the jig 40 can be attached to the sample stage 12 in an upright and stable posture, and the displacement of the jig 40 in the radial direction can be suppressed. The jig 40 of the present embodiment can uniformly reflect the light source light emitted from the light source 15 by the inner wall surface 42c and irradiate the fresh produce, so that the condensing property can be stably improved. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide the jig 40 of the non-destructive measurement device 1 that has no height limitation for the fresh produce to be measured and can stably improve the condensing property.

[0058] Further, in the jig 40 of the present embodiment, the inner wall surface 42c of the cylindrical portion 42 may be formed of the same metal material as the portion other than the inner wall surface 42c of the cylindrical portion 42 and a metal material capable of reflecting the light source light. For example, the cylindrical portion 42 may be formed of a metal material obtained by applying chromium plating to the surface of a zinc alloy die-cast. The flange portion 44 may also be integrally formed with the cylindrical portion 42 from the same metal material as the cylindrical portion 42.

[0059] As a result, the jig 40 of the present embodiment can function the inner wall surface 42c as a reflection surface of the light source light without separately providing a mirror or the like on the inner wall surface 42c of the cylindrical portion 42, so that the condensing property can be easily improved. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide the jig 40 of the non-destructive measurement device 1 that has no height limitation for the fresh produce to be measured and can easily improve the condensing property.

[0060] Note that, as the jig 40 shown in FIG. 6, a pipe socket (for 38 mm (the inner diameter of the pipe socket is 38 mm, gloss), material: zinc alloy die-cast, manufactured by LIXIL Viva Co., Ltd.) can be used. As the jig 40 shown in FIG. 6, a pipe socket (for a diameter of 32 mm, material: chromium plating (zinc alloy die-cast), manufactured by Yawata Screw Co., Ltd.) can be used. The jig 40 shown in FIG. 6 may be used when acquiring the spectroscopic absorption spectrum in the visible and near-infrared wavelength regions.

[0061] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the jig 40 of the present embodiment. FIG. 8 is a view of the jig 40 shown in FIG. 7 as viewed from the one - end portion 42a side.

[0062] As shown in FIG. 7, the jig 40 of the present embodiment may include an opening 43 provided on the other - end portion 42b side of the cylindrical portion 42, and a flange portion 45 extending radially inward from the other - end portion 42b of the cylindrical portion 42 to the opening 43.

[0063] Thereby, the jig 40 of the present embodiment can function the inner wall surface 42c of the cylindrical portion 42 and also the inner surface (lower surface) of the flange portion 45 as a reflecting surface of the light source light, so that the light - collecting property can be further improved. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide the jig 40 of the non - destructive measurement device 1 that has no height limit for the fruits and vegetables to be measured and can further improve the light - collecting property.

[0064] Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the inner wall surface 42c of the one - end portion 42a of the cylindrical portion 42 of the jig 40 of the present embodiment may be formed as a stepped surface 42d having a shape corresponding to the stepped portion 12b of the sample stage 12.

[0065] Thereby, the jig 40 of the present embodiment is easy to align with the sample stage 12 and can suppress the radial displacement of the jig 40. Since the jig 40 of the present embodiment can uniformly reflect the light source light emitted from the light source 15 by the inner wall surface 42c and irradiate the fruits and vegetables, the light - collecting property can be further improved. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide the jig 40 of the non - destructive measurement device 1 that has no height limit for the fruits and vegetables to be measured and can further improve the light - collecting property.

[0066] Note that as the jig 40 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a T-ring for micro four thirds (a camera mounting adapter for a celestial telescope, with a groove on the inner wall surface, manufactured by VIXEN Co., Ltd., 37313-0) can be used, to which a diameter conversion ring (height 8 mm, aluminum alloy, manufactured by Astro street, M48-M42) and a diameter conversion ring (aluminum alloy, manufactured by Astro street, SCT F-M48 M) are mounted in order from above. The jig 40 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 may be used when acquiring the spectroscopic absorption spectrum in the near-infrared wavelength range.

[0067] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the jig 40 of the present embodiment.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 9, in the jig 40 of the present embodiment, the circumferential length of the inner wall surface 42c of the cylindrical portion 42 may be different in the direction along the central axis 41 (height direction). Specifically, the circumferential length of the inner wall surface 42c of the cylindrical portion 42 may be such that the circumferential length on the other end portion 42b side is shorter than the circumferential length on the one end portion 42a side. That is, the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 42, which is cylindrical, may be such that the inner diameter on the other end portion 42b side is smaller than the inner diameter on the one end portion 42a side.

[0069] Thereby, the jig 40 of the present embodiment can reduce the light source light emitted to the outside from the opening 43 provided on the other end portion 42b side of the cylindrical portion 42, that is, the light source light not effectively used for non-destructive measurement, so that the condensing property can be further improved. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide the jig 40 of the non-destructive measurement device 1 that has no height limit for the fruits and vegetables to be measured and can further improve the condensing property.

[0070] Note that as the jig 40 shown in FIG. 9, the core portion of a toilet spatula (inner diameter of the upper surface 34 mm, inner diameter of the lower surface 48 mm, inclined inward in the range of 15 mm from the lower surface, manufactured by SANEI Co., Ltd., H80-5) can be used. The jig 40 shown in FIG. 9 may be used when acquiring the spectroscopic absorption spectrum in the visible and near-infrared wavelength ranges.

[0071] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the jig 40 of the present embodiment.

[0072] As shown in FIG. 10, the inner wall surface 42c of the cylindrical portion 42 of the jig 40 of the present embodiment may be formed of the same resin material as the portion other than the inner wall surface 42c of the cylindrical portion 42 and a resin material capable of reflecting the light from the light source. For example, the cylindrical portion 42 may be formed of a white resin material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

[0073] Thereby, the jig 40 of the present embodiment can function the inner wall surface 42c as a reflecting surface of the light from the light source without separately providing a mirror or the like on the inner wall surface 42c of the cylindrical portion 42, so that the condensing property can be easily improved. Further, since the jig 40 of the present embodiment is made of resin, it can be manufactured more inexpensively than a metal one, so that the condensing property can be easily improved. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide the jig 40 of the non-destructive measurement device 1 that has no height limit for the fruits and vegetables to be measured and can easily improve the condensing property.

[0074] Note that, as the jig 40 shown in FIG. 10, a PTFE pipe (inner diameter: 43 mm, length: 109 mm, manufactured by Kokuyo Co., Ltd.) can be used. The jig 40 shown in FIG. 10 may be used when acquiring the spectroscopic absorption spectrum in the visible and near-infrared wavelength regions.

[0075] [Examples] Examples of the present embodiment will be described. In this example, in order to confirm the effectiveness of the jig 40 (hereinafter also referred to as "new jig") of the present embodiment, tests <Test 1> to <Test 10> were conducted. Miniature tomatoes, cherries, a single grape, or blueberries were used as samples of small-sized fresh fruits and vegetables. As the non-destructive measurement device 1, a visible and near-infrared spectrophotometer (K-BA100R manufactured by Kubota Corporation) was used. The diameter of the ring-shaped light source 15 was approximately 38 mm.

[0076] <Test 1> The relationship between the size (weight) of small fruits and the light-gathering property was tested. As samples, cherry tomatoes, one grape, and blueberries were used. The degree of light-gathering property was evaluated by placing the bottom surface of the fruit downward at the center of the sample stage 12 (above the light-gathering part 13) and measuring the maximum voltage value (V). The measurement was taken without using a jig.

[0077] <Test 2> When non-destructively measuring with the side surface (equatorial plane) or the scar part (bottom surface) of the cherry tomato facing downward and placed at the center of the sample stage 12, the influence of the presence or absence of a light-shielding sheet (manufactured by Koyo Orient Japan Co., Ltd., Fine Shut SP (material: special polyurethane foam, target range: visible light · infrared) 0.2 (thickness 0.22 mm), w / standard tape (DIC8103D black)) on the inner wall surface of the old jig (inner diameter of the main cylinder part 36 mm) on the light-gathering property (maximum voltage value (V)) was compared. As a sample, a cherry tomato weighing 8.82 g was used. The non-destructive measurement time of the sample was set to 30 ms.

[0078] <Test 3> When assuming non-destructive measurement of an apple or one grape, for the former, a long branch is attached to the upper part of the fruit, and for the latter, when removed from the bunch, juice may ooze out from the upper part and stain the sample stage 12 and the light-gathering part 13. Therefore, it is desirable to place both fruits with their bottom surfaces downward on the sample stage 12. If the cherry tomato is also placed on the sample stage 12 with the stem upward (the scar part downward) for non-destructive measurement, there will be no restriction in the height direction of the fruit, and even slender fruits can be non-destructively measured.

[0079] As this initial consideration, the influence of the length of the cylindrical part of the jig (without a light-shielding sheet on the inner wall surface) on the light-gathering property during non-destructive measurement of cherry tomatoes was investigated. As a sample, a cherry tomato weighing 8.82 g was used. The non-destructive measurement time of the sample was set to 30 ms.

[0080] The jigs used were the following two types: (a) and (i). (A) The diameter of the cylindrical part is M42: Huante (made in China), M42 extension tube kit (inner diameter 39 mm, heights 5, 10, 15, 30 mm, P0.75) + M48 - M42 (diameter conversion ring, height 8 mm), SCT F - M48 M (both made by Astro street, aluminum alloy) (B) The diameter of the cylindrical part is M48: Celestial telescope parts M48 extension tube set (inner diameter 46 cm, heights 5, 10, 20, 5 + 20 mm, P0.75) made by Kasai Trading Co., Ltd. + SCT F - M48 M (diameter conversion ring, made by Astro street, aluminum alloy)

[0081] <Test 4> The improvement degree of light-gathering performance in two new jigs used in <Test 5> to <Test 7> was measured. The fruit was placed on the sample stage 12 with the bottom surface of the fruit facing downward, and the maximum voltage value (V) was measured. As the sample, a cherry tomato weighing 8.82 g was used. The non-destructive measurement time of the sample was set to 30 ms.

[0082] The new jigs used were of the following two types: (A) and (B). (A) New jig for near-infrared light: A T-ring for micro four thirds (37313 - 0, camera mounting adapter for celestial telescope, with grooves on the inner wall surface) made by VIXEN Co., Ltd. with M48 - M42 (diameter conversion ring, height 8 mm) and SCT F - M48 M (diameter conversion ring, both made by Astro street, aluminum alloy) mounted in order from above was designated as the "new jig for near-infrared light". This new jig was attached to the sample stage 12, and a non-destructive measurement method for the sugar content of small fruits (cherry tomatoes, strawberries) was developed (<Test 5> to <Test 7>). (B) New jig for visible and near-infrared light: A pipe socket (for 38 mm, with an inner diameter of 38 mm for the pipe socket and gloss) manufactured by LIXIL Viva Corporation, made of zinc alloy die-cast, with an O-ring (P-44P manufactured by Waaki Sangyo Co., Ltd., 3.5φ×43.7φ, material: NBR (acrylonitrile-butadiene) rubber) fitted at the bottom, was designated as the "new jig for visible and near-infrared light". This new jig was attached to the sample stage 12 to develop a non-destructive measurement method for the sugar content or functional components (anthocyanins) of small fruits (mini tomatoes, cherries, one grape) (<Test 5> to <Test 8>).

[0083] <Test 5> A non-destructive measurement method for the quality of small fruits (sugar content of mini tomatoes) was developed. As samples, mini tomatoes (number of samples for developing the non-destructive measurement method: 38, number of samples for evaluating the non-destructive measurement method: 16) were used, and two types of old jigs and new jigs (A) and (B) were compared. The fruit was placed at the center of the sample stage 12 with the equatorial plane facing downwards. The non-destructive measurement time for the sample was set at 140±90 ms.

[0084] <Test 6> A non-destructive measurement method for the quality of small fruits (sugar content of mini tomatoes) was developed. The same samples as in <Test 5> were used, and two types of new jigs (A) and (B) were compared. The fruit was placed at the center of the sample stage 12 with the bottom surface facing downwards. The non-destructive measurement time for the sample was set at 140±90 ms.

[0085] <Test 7> A non-destructive measurement method for the quality of small fruits (sugar content of cherries) was developed. As samples, cherries (cultivar "Sato Nishiki" produced in Yamagata Prefecture) (number of samples for developing the non-destructive measurement method: 30, number of samples for evaluating the non-destructive measurement method: 14) were used, and two types of new jigs (A) and (B) were compared. The fruit was placed at the center of the sample stage 12 with the bottom surface facing downwards. The non-destructive measurement time for the sample was set at 140±90 ms.

[0086] <Test 8> A non-destructive measurement method for small fruit quality (anthocyanin content in one grape) was developed. As samples, red grapes (without variety from Chile) (the number of samples for developing the non-destructive measurement method was 14) were used, and a new jig (B) was used. The fruit was placed in the center of the sample stage 12 with the bottom surface of the fruit facing downward. The non-destructive measurement time of the sample was set to 140 ± 90 ms.

[0087] <Test 9> A new jig for visible and near-infrared light with good light-gathering properties was searched for. As a sample, a cherry tomato weighing 6.02 g was used. The fruit was placed in the center of the sample stage 12 with the bottom surface of the fruit facing downward.

[0088] The new jigs for visible and near-infrared light compared were the following five types: (1) Pipe socket (for diameter 32 mm, material: chromium plating (zinc alloy die-cast), manufactured by Yawata Screw Co., Ltd.) (2) Pipe socket (for diameter 38 mm, material: chromium plating (zinc alloy die-cast), manufactured by Yawata Screw Co., Ltd.) (3) Pipe socket (for diameter 32 mm, material: stainless steel, manufactured by Yawata Screw Co., Ltd.) (4) The core part of a toilet spatula (inner diameter of the upper surface is 34 mm, inner diameter of the lower surface is 48 mm, inclined inward in the range of 15 mm from the lower surface, H80-5, manufactured by Sanei Co., Ltd.) (5) PTFE pipe (inner diameter 43 mm, length 109 mm, manufactured by Kokuyo Co., Ltd.)

[0089] Note that two INAX-50-697 O-rings (made of rubber) were stacked on the main surface 12a of the sample stage 12, and an O-ring made of rubber (P-44 P, material: NBR rubber, manufactured by Waki Sangyo Co., Ltd.) was installed on the step part 12b of the sample stage 12, and the above-mentioned new jigs (1) to (5) were attached. A comparative test was carried out with the lower parts of these jigs being common. At this time, for the socket for 32 mm (chromium plating), in order to attach it to the sample stage 12 in a stable state avoiding the screw holes on the back surface, an O-ring (P-44 P, material: NBR rubber, manufactured by Waki Sangyo Co., Ltd.) cut into three pieces was used.

[0090] <Test 10> As the final stage of confirming the effectiveness of the new jig for visible and near-infrared light with the best light-gathering property, a non-destructive measurement method for the sugar content in cherry tomatoes, a single grape, and blueberries was developed. As samples, cherry tomatoes (the number of samples for developing the non-destructive measurement method: 42), a single grape (the number of samples for developing the non-destructive measurement method: 20), and blueberries (the number of samples for developing the non-destructive measurement method: 14) were used. The bottom surface of the fruit was placed downward at the center of the sample stage 12. The non-destructive measurement time of the sample was set to 30 ± 10 ms.

[0091] Using FIGS. 11 to 23, the results of <Test 1> to <Test 10> will be described. The following <Test Result 1> to <Test Result 10> respectively show the results for <Test 1> to <Test 10>.

[0092] <Test Result 1> FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the result of <Test 1>.

[0093] As shown in FIG. 11, in blueberries with a fruit weight of about 1 g and a single grape with a fruit weight of about 2 to 3 g, the maximum voltage value is low and shows a substantially constant value in a wide wavelength range. This is considered that most of the measured maximum voltage value is due to the dark current. On the other hand, when the fruit weight exceeds 4 g, it was confirmed that the maximum voltage value increases in proportion to the fruit weight and approaches 2.5 V, which is the lower limit value of the visible and near-infrared spectrophotometer used as the non-destructive measurement device 1. That is, it was confirmed that when measuring small fruits of approximately less than 9 to 10 g using this visible and near-infrared spectrophotometer, the light-gathering property deteriorates and non-destructive measurement is difficult.

[0094] <Test Result 2> The degree of improvement in the light-gathering property was calculated using the measured maximum voltage value (near a wavelength of 840 nm (the wavelength with the most light quantity)), similar to <Test Result 1>.

[0095] Place the cherry tomato with its equatorial plane facing downward at the center of the sample stage 12. When performing non-destructive measurement using the old jig, since a light-shielding sheet is installed on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical part of the old jig, it was confirmed that it is difficult to improve the light-gathering property (improvement by about 1%). In the case where there is no light-shielding sheet and only the cylindrical part is present, the light-gathering property was improved by about 22%. When a mirror is installed on the upper part of the cylindrical part of the old jig and there is no light-shielding sheet, the light-gathering property was improved by about 28%. Therefore, it was found that there is a possibility of proposing an open-type new jig by removing the light-shielding sheet from the cylindrical part of the old jig and also removing the mirror. Note that when only the light-shielding sheet is removed from the old jig, there is a height limit for the sample.

[0096] Place the lower surface of the cherry tomato facing downward at the center of the sample stage 12. When there is no light-shielding sheet in only the cylindrical part of the old jig, the light-gathering property was improved by about 15%. Therefore, it was confirmed that the method of placing the fruit on the sample stage 12 may be to place it with not only the equatorial plane of the fruit but also the lower surface facing downward. Note that when a mirror is installed on the upper part of the cylindrical part of the old jig and there is no light-shielding sheet, the light-gathering property was improved by about 27%, but there is a height limit for the sample.

[0097] From the above results, it became clear that when the lower surface of the fruit is placed facing downward at the center of the sample stage 12 and there is no light-shielding sheet in the cylindrical part of the old jig, the light-gathering property during non-destructive measurement can be improved. Therefore, next, when the lower surface of the fruit is placed facing downward at the center of the sample stage 12, there is no light-shielding sheet in the cylindrical part, and the upper part of the cylindrical part is open, the influence of the length and diameter of the cylindrical part on the light-gathering property was investigated. The results are shown in <Test Result 3>.

[0098] <Test Result 3> When the lower surface of the cherry tomato was placed downward at the center of the sample stage 12 for non-destructive measurement, the light condensing property was improved as the length of the cylindrical portion without the light shielding sheet increased. When the diameter conversion ring (SCT-M48) corresponding to the base of the jig was set as the height reference point (zero), when the length of the cylindrical portion was 20 mm and the diameter was M42, the light condensing property was improved by about 26%. When the length of the cylindrical portion was 19 mm and the diameter was M48, the light condensing property was improved by about 17%. Beyond that, even if the cylindrical portion was made longer, the effect of improving the light condensing property was low. When the length of the cylindrical portion was 9 - 10 mm, the light condensing property was improved by about 22% in the former case and about 14% in the latter case.

[0099] From the above results, it became clear that the length of the cylindrical portion of the new jig should be ensured to be about 15 - 20 mm.

[0100] <Test Result 4> Figure 12 is a diagram showing the results of <Test 4>.

[0101] As shown in the upper part of Figure 12, with the new jig (A) for near-infrared light, the light condensing property was improved by about 38%. As shown in the lower part of Figure 12, with the new jig (B) for visible and near-infrared light, the light condensing property was improved by about 51%. With the new jig (B) for visible and near-infrared light, the light condensing property in the visible light region was also improved. That is, with the new jig (A) for near-infrared light, the light condensing property was mainly improved from around 710 nm to the long wavelength side (near-infrared light region), and with the new jig (B) for visible and near-infrared light, the light condensing property was improved not only in the near-infrared light region but also in the visible light region. In Figure 12, when the light condensing property is improved, the absorbance value becomes lower.

[0102] Next, using these new jigs (A) and (B), a non-destructive measurement method for small fruit quality (brix) was developed.

[0103] <Test Result 5> Figure 13 is a diagram showing the results of <Test 5> using the old jig.

[0104] Old jig (equatorial plane of fruit): In the sample for developing the non-destructive measurement method, multiple regression analysis was performed using the second derivative values of absorbance (876 nm and 902 nm) as explanatory variables. As a result, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 13, a correlation coefficient of 0.96, as well as significant intercept and coefficients (intercept 7.3, coefficient 346000, -115000) were obtained. Also, in the sample for evaluating the non-destructive measurement method, as shown in the lower part of Fig. 13, the RMSE (root mean square error) was as good as 0.76 Brix%.

[0105] Fig. 14 is a diagram showing the results of <Test 5> using the new jig (A) for near-infrared light.

[0106] New jig for near-infrared light (equatorial plane of fruit): In the sample for developing the non-destructive measurement method, multiple regression analysis was performed using the second derivative values of absorbance (882 nm and 902 nm) as explanatory variables. As a result, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 14, a correlation coefficient of 0.97, as well as significant intercept and coefficients (intercept 9.8, coefficient 508000, -197000) were obtained. Also, in the sample for evaluating the non-destructive measurement method, as shown in the lower part of Fig. 14, the RMSE was as good as 0.42 Brix%.

[0107] Fig. 15 is a diagram showing the results of <Test 5> using the new jig (B) for visible and near-infrared light.

[0108] New jig for visible and near-infrared light (equatorial plane of fruit): In the sample for developing the non-destructive measurement method, multiple regression analysis was performed using the second derivative values of absorbance (880 nm and 902 nm) as explanatory variables. As a result, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 15, a correlation coefficient of 0.96, as well as significant intercept and coefficients (intercept 10.0, coefficient 571000, -242000) were obtained. Also, in the sample for evaluating the non-destructive measurement method, as shown in the lower part of Fig. 15, the RMSE was as good as 0.57 Brix%.

[0109] <Test Results 6> Fig. 16 is a diagram showing the results of <Test 6> using the new jig (A) for near-infrared light.

[0110] New jig for near-infrared light (underside of fruit): In the sample for developing the non-destructive measurement method, multiple regression analysis was performed using the second derivative values of absorbance (880 nm and 902 nm) as explanatory variables. As a result, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 16, a correlation coefficient of 0.98, as well as significant intercept and coefficients (intercept 9.2, coefficient 505000, -198000) were obtained. In the sample for evaluating the non-destructive measurement method, as shown in the lower part of Fig. 16, the RMSE was as good as 0.68 Brix%.

[0111] Fig. 17 is a diagram showing the results of <Test 6> using the new jig for visible and near-infrared light (B).

[0112] New jig for visible and near-infrared light (underside of fruit): In the sample for developing the non-destructive measurement method, multiple regression analysis was performed using the second derivative values of absorbance (882 nm and 902 nm) as explanatory variables. As a result, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 17, a correlation coefficient of 0.98, as well as significant intercept and coefficients (intercept 10.8, coefficient 540000, -225000) were obtained. Also in the sample for evaluating the non-destructive measurement method, as shown in the lower part of Fig. 17, the RMSE was as good as 0.37 Brix%.

[0113] <Test result 7> Fig. 18 is a diagram showing the results of <Test 7> using the new jig for near-infrared light (A).

[0114] New jig for near-infrared light: In the sample for developing the non-destructive measurement method, multiple regression analysis was performed using the second derivative values of absorbance (854 nm, 884 nm, and 902 nm) as explanatory variables. As a result, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 18, a correlation coefficient of 0.99, as well as significant intercept and coefficients (intercept 21.1, coefficient -360000, 454000, -309000) were obtained. Also in the sample for evaluating the non-destructive measurement method, as shown in the lower part of Fig. 18, the RMSE was as good as 0.51 Brix%.

[0115] Fig. 19 is a diagram showing the results of <Test 7> using the new jig for visible and near-infrared light (B).

[0116] New jig for visible and near-infrared light: In the sample for developing the non-destructive measurement method, multiple regression analysis was performed using the second derivative values of absorbance (854 nm, 876 nm, and 902 nm) as explanatory variables. As a result, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 19, a correlation coefficient of 0.98, as well as significant intercept and coefficients (intercept 16.2, coefficients -481000, 550000, -338000) were obtained. In the sample for evaluating the non-destructive measurement method, as shown in the lower part of Fig. 19, the RMSE was as good as 0.57 Brix%.

[0117] <Test Result 8> Fig. 20 is a diagram showing the visible and near-infrared light absorption spectra obtained in <Test 8>.

[0118] When a single grape was non-destructively measured using the new jig for visible and near-infrared light, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 20, an optical absorption spectrum with less noise was obtained at wavelengths approximately from 580 nm to the long-wavelength side. The absorption band with a peak top near 670 nm is due to the absorption by chlorophyll, and the peak top hardly shifts. On the other hand, it was found from the upper and lower parts of Fig. 20 that the absorption band of anthocyanin shifted to the long-wavelength side due to the formation of aggregates.

[0119] Fig. 21 is a diagram showing the results of <Test 8>.

[0120] Since anthocyanin is a pigment, explanatory variables were adopted from the visible light region. Multiple regression analysis was performed using the absorbance values at 590 nm and 612 nm when a single grape was non-destructively measured as explanatory variables. As a result, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 21, a correlation coefficient of 0.98, as well as significant intercept and coefficients (intercept -12.1, coefficients 88.7, -92.4) were obtained. Also, multiple regression analysis was performed using the second derivative values of absorbance (584 nm and 612 nm) as explanatory variables. As a result, as shown in the lower part of Fig. 21, a correlation coefficient of 0.98, as well as significant intercept and coefficients (intercept 8.7, coefficients -12200, 12400) were obtained.

[0121] <Test Result 9> Fig. 22 is a diagram showing the results of <Test 9>.

[0122] As shown in Fig. 22, the degree of improvement in the light condensing property of each of the new jigs (1) to (5) for visible and near-infrared light was 166% to 414%. The jig (1) with the best light condensing property had an inner diameter of 32 mm at the upper part of the cylinder, an inner diameter of approximately 40 mm at the lower part of the cylinder (the boundary part with the flange), and a chromium plating on the inner wall surface.

[0123] <Test Result 10> Fig. 23 is a diagram showing the results of <Test 10>.

[0124] In the sample for developing a non-destructive measurement method for cherry tomatoes, multiple regression analysis was performed using the second derivative values of absorbance (856 nm, 876 nm, and 902 nm) as explanatory variables. As a result, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 23, a correlation coefficient of 0.96, as well as a significant intercept and coefficients (intercept 10.8, coefficients -399000, 584000, -261000) were obtained.

[0125] In addition, multiple regression analysis was performed using absorbance (854 nm, 876 nm, 902 nm, and 926 nm) as explanatory variables. As a result, a correlation coefficient of 0.94, as well as a significant intercept and coefficients (intercept 7.2, coefficients 1529.8, -3178.9, 2099.9, -459.2) were obtained. That is, it was confirmed that it is also possible to select the same explanatory variables as in Patent Document 1.

[0126] On the other hand, in the samples for developing non-destructive measurement methods for one grape and blueberry, multiple regression analysis was performed using the second derivative values of absorbance (854 nm, 884 nm, and 906 nm) as explanatory variables. As a result, as shown in the lower part of Fig. 23, a correlation coefficient of 0.98, as well as a significant intercept and coefficients (intercept 18.8, coefficients -346000, 830000, -468000) were obtained.

[0127] Note that for one grape and blueberry, as in the case of cherry tomatoes, it is also possible to select the same explanatory variables as in Patent Document 1. However, since Patent Document 1 performs multiple regression analysis for each item, better results can be obtained by performing multiple regression analysis separately for one grape and blueberry without combining them.

[0128] <Summary> ●Regarding the new jig: In the new jig proposed this time, the light from the light source is reflected by the inner wall surface of the jig cylindrical part and irradiated onto the sample, thereby improving the condensing property. The degree of improvement in the condensing property depends on each material or shape, etc. It is sufficient to adopt a new jig suitable for compensating for the insufficient light collection of the spectroscopic detection device 10, and it is not necessarily the case that the new jig with the best condensing property is compatible with every spectroscopic detection device 10.

[0129] This time, a cylindrical new jig was considered in accordance with the shape of the sample or the sample stage 12. The new jig may have different diameters at the upper part (the other end) and the lower part (one end) of the cylindrical jig, and it does not have to be cylindrical as long as it surrounds the sample and the light source 15. Also, like the new jig for near-infrared light used this time, there may be grooves on the inner wall surface.

[0130] As for the material of the jig, although those made of metal and having luster had high light condensing property, those with black anodizing designed for visible light cameras or telescopes can selectively improve the light condensing property of only near-infrared light. The material of the jig is not limited to metal, and it may also be a white plate such as PTFE or a mirror.

[0131] ●Regarding the non-destructive measurement accuracy using the new jig: As shown in the non-destructive measurement of the sugar content of mini tomatoes, instead of placing the sample on the sample stage 12 with the equatorial plane of the fruit facing downward as when using the old jig, better non-destructive measurement accuracy was obtained even when measuring with the lower surface of the fruit facing downward on the sample stage 12 when using the new jig with an open upper part. The new jig has no height limit for the sample and can also be applied to samples with long branches attached to the upper part of the fruit like cherries.

[0132] ●Regarding the new jig for near-infrared light: The new jig for near-infrared light is mainly suitable for applications such as non-destructive measurement of sugar content.

[0133] ●Regarding the new jig for visible and near-infrared light: The new tool for visible and near-infrared light can improve the light-gathering properties not only of near-infrared light but also of visible light. Therefore, it is suitable not only for measuring sugar content but also for applications such as non-destructive measurement of pigments that have come to be regarded as functional components. It has been confirmed by measuring the sugar content of cherry tomatoes, the anthocyanin content in a single grape, etc. that high-precision non-destructive measurement is possible using the new tool for visible and near-infrared light.

[0134] Although data is not shown this time, the flesh of blueberries has green and purple (coloring by anthocyanin). Based on the spectrophotometric absorption spectrum measured non-destructively, by setting a threshold value, etc., non-destructive measurement using the new tool can also distinguish these flesh colors. Thus, in very dark samples such as blueberries or the grape 'Kyoho', the absorbance becomes very high, but by improving the light-gathering properties using the new tool, measurement can be performed at a lower absorbance, so an improvement in quantitativeness is expected. Tomatoes also show a relatively high absorbance due to red coloring (by the functional component lycopene), and high-precision non-destructive measurement is possible using the same visible and near-infrared spectrophotometer as used this time (Non-Patent Document 2).

[0135] ●Regarding the number of explanatory variables and the second derivative value of absorbance: In Patent Document 1, four explanatory variables were adopted for non-destructive measurement of sugar content with the idea of eliminating the need for data preprocessing of the spectrophotometric absorption spectrum. As a result of developing a method for non-destructive measurement of the sugar content of small fruits using the new tool this time, the number of explanatory variables was reduced by second-differentiating the spectrophotometric absorption spectrum, and high-precision results could be obtained. In addition, by combining data on blueberries and single grapes with different fruit varieties to widen the sugar content range, a single high-precision non-destructive measurement method could also be developed.

[0136] It has been found by Non-Patent Document 3 that the vicinity of 880 nm and 902 nm is effective as an explanatory variable in non-destructive measurement of sugar content, and it is still consistently used at present. The absorption near 902 nm is related to carbohydrates (sugars). Thus, by using the inner wall surface of the jig to improve the light collection and combining it with the second derivative processing of the spectroabsorption spectrum, an effect of reducing the explanatory variables is also expected.

[0137] ● Regarding the extraction of anthocyanins (pigments) from grape skins: In the non-destructive measurement of the anthocyanin content in one red grape, anthocyanins were extracted and quantified using acidic methanol, and multiple regression analysis was performed using that value as the target variable of reference. Perhaps because the crushing of the skin during extraction was insufficient, pigments that could not be completely extracted remained on the skin even on the day after the start of extraction. Nevertheless, highly accurate non-destructive measurement results were obtained. In the future, by improving the method for extracting anthocyanins from grape skins, a more robust non-destructive measurement method for the anthocyanin content in grapes is expected.

[0138] As described above in detail for the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to each embodiment, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The present invention can add the configuration of one embodiment to the configuration of another embodiment, replace the configuration of one embodiment with that of another embodiment, or delete a part of the configuration of one embodiment.

Explanation of reference signs

[0139] 1... Non-destructive measurement device, 10... Spectral detection device, 11... Measurement probe, 12... Specimen stage, 12a... Main surface, 12b... Step portion, 13... Condensing unit, 14... Mounting portion, 15... Light source, 16... Light guide unit, 17... Optical fiber, 20... Data processing device, 21... Memory, 22... Keyboard / mouse, 23... Control unit, 24... Computational processing unit, 24a... Spectral absorption spectrum acquisition unit, 24b... Estimation model creation unit, 24c... Estimation unit, 26... I / O port, 27... Estimation model, 29... Display, 40... Fixture, 41... Central axis, 42... Cylindrical portion, 42a... One end portion, 42b... The other end portion, 42c... Inner wall surface, 42d... Step surface, 43... Opening, 44... Flange portion, 45... Flap portion, F... Fresh produce

Claims

1. A jig attached to a sample stage of a non-destructive measurement device that irradiates fresh produce with light from a light source, diffuses and reflects the light inside the fresh produce, collects the returned light emitted from the fresh produce, and obtains a spectroscopic absorption spectrum in the near-infrared wavelength range or the visible / near-infrared wavelength range, and measures the sugar content or functional components of the fresh produce based on the obtained spectroscopic absorption spectrum, wherein the sample stage is provided at the center of the main surface of the sample stage, and includes a light collecting portion that collects the returned light, is provided around the light collecting portion on the main surface, and is a placement portion on which the fresh produce is placed, is provided around the placement portion on the main surface, forms a ring shape surrounding the placement portion, and is a light source that emits the light source light, is connected to the light collecting portion and provided inside the sample stage, and includes a light guiding portion that guides the returned light collected by the light collecting portion to a spectroscopic detection device of the non-destructive measurement device, the jig includes a hollow cylindrical portion extending along the central axis of the jig, the inner wall surface of the cylindrical portion reflects the light source light emitted from the light source toward the fresh produce placed on the placement portion, the circumferential length of the inner wall surface of the cylindrical portion is longer than the length of the outer circumference of the light source at least at one end portion of the cylindrical portion, one end portion side of the cylindrical portion is detachably engaged with the periphery of the light source on the main surface, the other end portion side of the cylindrical portion is open A jig for a non-destructive measurement device, characterized in that.

2. The jig includes an opening provided on the other end portion side of the cylindrical portion, and a flange portion provided on the one end portion side of the cylindrical portion, the flange portion extends radially outward from one end portion of the cylindrical portion and abuts against the periphery of the light source on the main surface A jig for a non-destructive measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that.

3. The jig includes an opening provided on the other end portion side of the cylindrical portion, and a shade portion extending radially inward from the other end portion of the cylindrical portion to the opening A jig for a non-destructive measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that.

4. The circumferential length of the inner wall surface is such that the circumferential length on the other end portion side is shorter than the circumferential length on the one end portion side A jig for a non-destructive measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that.

5. The inner wall surface of the cylindrical portion is formed of the same metal material as the portion other than the inner wall surface of the cylindrical portion and is a metal material capable of reflecting the light source light A jig for a non-destructive measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that.

6. The inner wall surface of the cylindrical portion is formed of a resin material that is the same as the portion other than the inner wall surface of the cylindrical portion and that can reflect the light from the light source. The jig for the non-destructive measurement device according to claim 1, characterized by the above.

Images