Liquid-crystalline medium

Abstract

To provide liquid-crystalline media.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to liquid-crystalline (LC) media or LC materials and to energy saving liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) containing these media, especially to gaming displays and AR / VR headsets addressed by an active matrix and in particular to LC displays of the TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA or positive PS-VA type.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to liquid-crystalline (LC) media, energy-saving liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) comprising these media, and in particular to high-contrast high-speed switching game displays and AR / VR headsets having reduced short-term image sticking and reduced long-term image sticking after optical and / or thermal loading. In particular, it relates to TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA or positive PS-VA type LC displays. In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium has a positive dielectric anisotropy.

Background Art

[0002] LCDs are used in many fields for displaying information. LCDs are used in both direct-view displays and projection displays. The electro-optical modes used are, for example, the various improved versions together with the twisted nematic (TN), super twisted nematic (STN), optically compensated bend (OCB) and electrically controlled birefringence (ECB) modes. All of these modes utilize an electric field generated substantially perpendicular to the substrates and the LC layer.

[0003] In addition to these modes, there is also an electro-optical mode that utilizes an electric field substantially parallel to the substrate and the LC layer. For example, International Publication No. WO 91 / 10936 (Patent Document 1) discloses an LC display in which an electrical signal is generated such that the electric field has a component parallel to the LC layer, and thereafter it has come to be known as an in-plane switching (IPS) display. The operating principle of such a display is described, for example, in R. A. Soref, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 45, No. 12, pp. 5466-5468 (1974) (Non-Patent Document 1).

[0004] The IPS display includes an LC layer between two substrates arranged in a plane, and two electrodes are arranged on only one of the two substrates, preferably having an intermeshed comb-like structure. When a voltage is applied to the electrodes, an electric field having a component significantly parallel to the LC layer is generated between the electrodes. As a result, reorientation of the LC molecules occurs within the layer plane.

[0005] For example, European Patent No. 0 588 568 (Patent Document 2) discloses various possibilities for the design of the electrodes and for addressing the IPS display. Similarly, German Patent Application Publication No. 198 24 137 (Patent Document 3) describes various embodiments of such an IPS display.

[0006] An LC material for this type of IPS display is described, for example, in German Patent Application Publication No. 195 28 104 (Patent Document 4).

[0007] Furthermore, a so-called "fringe-field switching" (FFS) display has been reported (see, in particular, S.H. Jung et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 43, No. 3, 2004, p. 1028 (Non-Patent Document 2)). The display includes two electrodes on the same substrate, one of which is structured in a comb shape and the other is unstructured. This generates a strong so-called "fringe electric field", i.e., a strong electric field near the ends of the electrodes and an electric field having both a strong vertical component and a strong horizontal component throughout the cell. The FFS display has a small viewing-angle dependence of contrast. The FFS display usually includes an LC medium having a positive dielectric anisotropy and an alignment layer, usually made of polyimide, which gives a planar alignment to the molecules of the LC medium.

[0008] IPS and FFS electro-optical mode LC displays are particularly suitable for use in modern desktop monitors, television sets, and multimedia applications. The LC medium according to the present invention is preferably used in this type of display. Generally, in FFS displays, a dielectrically positive LC medium having a rather low value of dielectric anisotropy is used, but in some cases, an LC medium having a dielectric anisotropy of only about 3 or less is also used in IPS displays.

[0009] Further improvements have been achieved by the HB-FFS mode. The HB-FFS mode is characterized by higher transmittance and the ability to operate the panel with less energy consumption, in contrast to conventional FFS technology.

[0010] Another recently developed mode is the XB-FFS mode in which the LC medium includes an additional polar liquid crystal compound having a low dielectric anisotropy.

[0011] FFS and IPS displays can operate as active-matrix displays (AMD) or passive-matrix displays (PMD). In the case of active-matrix displays, individual pixels are typically addressed by integrated non-linear active elements such as thin-film transistors (TFTs), while in the case of passive-matrix displays, individual pixels are typically addressed by multiplexing methods as known from the prior art.

[0012] The display according to the invention is preferably addressed by an active matrix, preferably by a matrix of TFTs. However, the LC medium according to the invention can also be advantageously used in displays having other known addressing means.

[0013] Typical applications of IPS and FFS technologies are monitors, notebook computers, televisions, mobile phones, tablet PCs, etc. Both IPS and FFS technologies have certain advantages over other LCD technologies such as, for example, vertical alignment (VA) technology, such as a wide viewing angle dependence of contrast.

[0014] The provision and use of LC media having particularly low short-term image sticking and low long-term image sticking in combination with short response times are central issues in recent FFS and IPS applications. In addition, in the latest applications, good low-temperature stability and stability against UV radiation and high temperatures are also required.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0015]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Patent Document 4

Non-Patent Document

[0016]

Non-Patent Document 1

Non-Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0017] The present invention is particularly for FFS and IPS displays, but also for TN, positive VA or STN displays, especially for active matrix displays such as those addressed by TFT, and aims to provide an LC medium having low short-term image sticking, low long-term image sticking, and short response times. This object has been achieved by providing an LC medium as described and claimed hereinafter.

[0018] The LC medium according to the present invention is particularly suitable for use in LC displays in FFS, HB - FFS, XB - FFS, and IPS modes based on dielectrically positive liquid crystals and their polymer-stabilized modified types.

[0019] Surprisingly, the above technical problem is solved by providing an LC medium as described and claimed hereinafter.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0020] Surprisingly, the LC medium according to the invention comprising one or more compounds of formula I in combination with one or more antioxidants and optionally one or more light stabilizers shows several remarkable improvements, such as low short-term image sticking and low long-term image sticking, and enables a short response time, especially when used in an FFS mode display. The compounds of formula I themselves are known from the prior art.

[0021]

Chemical formula

[0022] In the formula, the individual substituents are defined in claim 1.

[0023] In addition, the LC medium according to the invention has a high clearing point, excellent low temperature stability (LTS), and provides the best video quality and improved overall image quality, especially high contrast.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0024] The present invention relates to an LC medium, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of formula I, one or more antioxidants and optionally one or more light stabilizers.

[0025]

Chemical formula

[0026] In the formula, the individual substituents, each occurrence being the same or different and each independently of one another, have the following meanings: R 0 is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein in the group, one or more CH2 groups are such that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-,

Chemical formula

[0027] The antioxidants for use in the present invention are themselves known in the prior art and are not particularly limited. The inventors have found that antioxidants described by the formula ST shown below, in combination with the compounds of formula I, can achieve particularly low rotational viscosities γ1 as well as low short-term and long-term image fixations, especially after high radiation exposure or heat stress.

[0028]

Chemical formula

[0029] In the formula, the individual substituents have the following meanings: X 21 and X 22 are each independently -O-, -CH2-, -CHR 23 - or -N-R 23 -; R 21 and R 22is, independently of each other, an H atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 C atoms, an alkenyl, alkynyl, alkenyloxy or alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 12 C atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 C atoms (in which one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are such that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-,

Chemical formula

[0030] In addition to the compound of formula I and the antioxidant, the LC medium of the present invention may contain a light stabilizer. The presence of the light stabilizer synergistically enhances the stabilizing effect of the antioxidant with respect to reduced short-term image sticking and reduced long-term image sticking, resulting in a significant reduction in defects due to non-uniformities such as star-shaped non-uniformity and edge non-uniformity. The use of one or more light stabilizers of the following formula H has been found to be particularly advantageous.

[0031]

Chemical formula

[0032] In the formula, R 11 each independently represents an H atom, F, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, in which one or more CH2 groups are such that O and N atoms are not directly linked to each other, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-,

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

Chemical Structure

[0033] The invention further relates to the use of an LC medium as described above and below for electro-optical purposes, in particular for LC displays, shutter glasses, LC windows, for 3D applications, preferably in TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-HB-FFS, PS-XB-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA and positive PS-VA displays, very preferably in FFS, HB-FFS, IPS, PS-HB-FFS and PS-IPS displays.

[0034] The invention further relates to an electro-optical LC display comprising an LC medium as described above and below, in particular a TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-HB-FFS, PS-XB-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA or positive PS-VA display, preferably an FFS, HB-FFS, IPS, PS-HB-FFS or PS-IPS display.

[0035] In the present application, all atoms may include their isotopes. In some embodiments, one or more hydrogen atoms (H) may be replaced by deuterium (D), and high deuteration may enable or simplify the analytical determination of the compound, especially at low concentrations.

[0036] In formula I, ST and H, R 0 , R 21 , R 22 , R 11 , R 12 or R13 ~R 17 When ~R represents an alkyl group and / or an alkoxy group, it may be linear or branched. It is preferably linear and has 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy or hexyloxy, further representing methyl, methoxy. R 0 preferably represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 C atoms.

[0037] The oxaalkyl preferably represents linear 2-oxapropyl (=methoxymethyl), 2-(=ethoxymethyl) or 3-oxabutyl (=2-methoxyethyl), 2-, 3- or 4-oxapentyl, 2-, 3-, 4- or 5-oxahexyl.

[0038] R 0 、R 21 、R 22 、R 11 、R 12 またはR 13 ~R 17 When ~R represents an alkoxy or oxaalkyl group, provided that the oxygen atoms are not directly linked to each other, it may also contain one or more additional oxygen atoms.

[0039] In another preferred embodiment, one or more of R 0 、R 21 、R 22 、R 11 、R 12 またはR 13 ~R 17 は、

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

[0040] R 0 , R 21 , R 22 , R 11 , R 12 or R 13 ~R 17 When represents an alkenyl group, it may be linear or branched. It is preferably linear and has 2 to 10 carbon atoms. Therefore, in particular, it represents vinyl, prop-1- or -2-enyl, but-1-, -2- or -3-enyl, penta-1-, -2-, -3- or -4-enyl, hexa-1-, -2-, -3-, -4- or -5-enyl, hepta-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5- or -6-enyl, octa-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6- or -7-enyl, nona-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7- or -8-enyl, deca-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7-, -8- or -9-enyl

[0041] R 0 , R 21 , R 22 , R 11 , R 12 or R 13 ~R 17In the case of an alkyl or alkenyl group that is at least monosubstituted with halogen, this group is preferably linear, and the halogen is preferably F or Cl. In the case of polysubstitution, the halogen is preferably F. Also included as the resulting group is a perfluoro group. In the case of monosubstitution, the fluorine or chlorine substituent may be at any desired position, but is preferably at the ω-position.

[0042] Particularly preferred groups R in formula I 0 represent alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or alkoxy having up to 12, preferably up to 8 C atoms, each of which may be substituted with halogen, particularly F, and H, F, alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having up to 8 C atoms are particularly preferred.

[0043] Preferred alkyl groups are, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl and n-octyl. Preferred alkenyl groups are, for example, ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl and pentenyl. Preferred alkynyl groups are, for example, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl and octynyl. Preferred alkoxy groups are, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, n-butoxy, n-pentoxy, n-hexoxy, n-heptoxy, n-octoxy. The halogen preferably represents F or Cl, with F being most preferred.

[0044] One or more compounds of formula I are preferably selected from one of the following structures.

[0045]

Chemical formula

[0046] In the formula, R 0 , X 0 and Y 0 have the meanings represented by general formula I.

[0047] In a more preferred embodiment, R0 and X 0 and Y 0 are as follows: R 0 is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms (in which one or more CH2 groups are arranged so that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, and are substituted with -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-,

Chemical formula

[0048] Particularly preferred compounds of formula I-1 are selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0049]

Chemical formula

[0050]

Chemical formula

[0051]

Chemical formula

[0052] Compounds of formulas I-1-1, I-1-2, I-1-3 and I-1-4 are very preferred, and the compound of formula I-1-2 is most preferred.

[0053] Preferred compounds of Formula I-2 and I-3 are as follows.

[0054]

Chem.

[0055]

Chem.

[0056]

Chem.

[0057] The proportion of the compound of Formula I or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 2 to 35% by weight, very preferably 3 to 30% by weight, and most preferably 4 to 20% by weight.

[0058] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two or three compounds of Formula I or its sub-formula.

[0059] <Antioxidant> When used in the present application, the term "antioxidant" is well known to those skilled in the art and refers to a compound that can be added to the LC medium to retard autogenous oxidation. The antioxidants for use in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they do not substantially deteriorate the physical properties of the LC medium, particularly their voltage holding ratio and mesogen behavior.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the antioxidant in the LC medium of the present invention is described by the general formula ST as specified above. LC media containing the compounds of the following sub-formulas ST-1, ST-2 and ST-3 have shown particularly high long-term thermal stability and UV stability.

[0061]

Chem.

[0062] In the formula, R 21 and R 22 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.

[0063] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the compound of general formula ST can be selected from the following specific structures.

[0064] [Chemical formula]

[0065] [Chemical formula]

[0066] [Chemical formula]

[0067] [Chemical formula]

[0068] In an even more preferred embodiment, the LC medium according to the present invention may contain at least one additional sterically hindered phenol described in Table B below as an additional antioxidant.

[0069] The preferred content of one or more compounds of formula ST in the LC medium depends inter alia on the inherent chemical stability of the LC medium and the properties of the compounds of formula ST. They are preferably used in a proportion in the range of 10 ppm to 10,000 ppm, more preferably 20 ppm to 2,000 ppm, based on the weight of the LC medium.

[0070] <Compound of formula H> As used in this application, the term "light stabilizer" is well known to those skilled in the art and refers to a compound that can be added to the LC medium to protect it against degradation resulting from long-term exposure to UV radiation. Suitable light stabilizers include, among others, hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS) and ultraviolet (UV) absorbers and combinations thereof. The light stabilizers for use in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they do not substantially deteriorate the physical properties of the LC medium, especially their voltage holding ratio and mesogen behavior.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment, the light stabilizer in the LC medium of the present invention is described by the general formula H as described above. In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the compound of formula H,

[0072]

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

[0073]

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

[0074]

Chemical formula

[0075] wherein -Z 12 -S 11 -Z 11 - independently represents, in each occurrence, -O-, -S 11 -O-, -O-S 11 -O-, -(C=O)-O-S 11 -O-, -O-(C=O)-S 11 -O-, -O-(C=O)-S 11 -(C=O)-O-, -O-S 11 -(C=O)-O-, -(C=O)-O-S 11 -(C=O)-O-, or -(N-R 13 )-S 11 -O-, -N-R 13 -(C=O)-S 11 -(C=O)-O- or a single bond, preferably -O-, -S 11 -O-, -O-S 11 -O-, -(C=O)-O-S 11 -O-, -O-(C=O)-S 11 -O- or -O-S 11 represents -(C=O)-O- and / or S 11 preferably represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 C atoms and / or R 11 if present, represents alkyl, alkoxy or H, preferably H or alkyl and / or R 12 represents H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl or 3-heptyl or cyclohexyl.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, in the compound of formula H, [Chemical formula] is the following formula [Chemical formula] represents a group selected from the group of

[0077] In a more preferred embodiment of the present application, in the compound of formula H, [Chemical formula] is the following formula [Chemical formula] represents a group selected from the group of

[0078] In a more preferred embodiment of the present application, in the compound of formula H where p preferably represents 1,

[0079] [Chemical formula] is [Chemical formula] preferably -O-S 11 -O-, -S 11 -O- or -O-S 11 -, particularly preferably -O-S 11 -O- or -S 11 -O-.

[0080] In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the compound of formula H, the group [Chemical formula] is the following formula [Chemical formula] represents a group selected from the group of

[0081] In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the compound of formula H where p, which may be the same as or different from the above, is 2,

[0082] [Chemical formula] represents a group selected from the group of the following formula

Chemical formula

[0083] In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, which may be the same as or different from the above, in the compound of formula H

[0084]

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

[0085] The compounds of the following general formulas H-1-1, H-1-2 and H-1-3 have been shown to be particularly effective UV stabilizers in the LC mixture, especially in terms of VHR stability.

[0086]

Chemical formula

[0087] wherein ZG, R 16 and n are as defined above, and n represents an integer from 1 to 8. These compounds are very suitable as stabilizers in the LC mixture and stabilize the VHR of the mixture upon UV exposure.

[0088] In a particularly preferred embodiment, one or more compounds of formula H may be selected from the group consisting of the compounds of the following formulas H-2-1 to H-2-6.

[0089]

Chemical formula

[0090]

Chem.

[0091]

Chem.

[0092] In the formula, R 11 each independently represents an H atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, provided that one -CH2- group or, if present, a plurality of -CH2- groups may be replaced by -O- or -(C=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be replaced by -O-, and one or, if present, a plurality of -CH2- groups may be replaced by -CH=CH- or -C≡C-, provided that one H atom or a plurality of H atoms may be replaced by F, OR 13 , N(R 13 )(R 14 ) or R 15 . R 16 represents an H atom or O · . n represents an integer from 0 to 12, and S 11 and S 12 each independently represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 C atoms (provided that one -CH2- group or, if present, a plurality of -CH2- groups may be replaced by -O- or -(C=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be replaced by -O-, provided that one H atom or a plurality of H atoms may be replaced by F, OR 13 , N(R 13 )(R 14 ) or R 15 ), or represents a single bond.

[0093] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the LC medium according to the present invention contains one or more Compound H selected from the group of compounds of the following formula in each case.

[0094]

Chemical formula

[0095]

Chemical formula

[0096]

Chemical formula

[0097]

Chemical formula

[0098]

Chemical formula

[0099]

Chemical formula

[0100]

Chemical formula

[0101]

Chemical formula

[0102]

Chemical formula

[0103]

Chemical formula

[0104]

Chem.

[0105] The preferred content of one or more compounds of formula H in the LC medium depends, inter alia, on the chemical stability inherent in the LC medium and the properties of the compounds of formula H. R known as an NO-group type HALS 16 where O · represents a compound of formula H is preferably used in a proportion within the range of 50 ppm to 1000 ppm based on the weight of the LC medium. R known as an NH-group type HALS 16 where represents an H atom is advantageously used in a proportion in the range of 50 ppm to 2000 ppm based on the weight of the LC medium.

[0106] <Further constituents> In certain embodiments, the LC medium may additionally comprise one or more compounds selected from the following formulas II and III.

[0107]

Chem.

[0108] In the formulas, the individual substituents each independently have the following meanings, which may be the same or different at each occurrence.

Chem.

Chem.

[0109] In the formulas, R 0 has one of the meanings given for R 0 in formula I, and X 0are, independently of one another, F, Cl, an alkyl group having up to 6 C atoms, an alkenyl group, an alkoxy group or an alkenyloxy group, where one or more H atoms in the group are replaced by halogen atoms, L 1~8 are, independently of one another, H, F or Cl, and Y 0 is H or CH3.

[0110] Preferred compounds of formulas II and III are those in which Y 0 is H.

[0111] Even more preferred compounds of formulas II and III are those in which R 0 represents alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl, and X 0 is F, CF3 or OCF3, furthermore OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3 or Cl, very preferably F.

[0112] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula II selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0113]

Chemical formula

[0114]

Chemical formula

[0115] wherein R 0 and X 0 have the meanings given in formula II.

[0116] Preferred compounds are those of formulas II-1, II-2 and II-3, very preferably those of formulas II-1 and II-2.

[0117] In the compounds of formulas II-1 to II-7, R0 represents an alkyl having preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl, and X 0 represents F, CF3 or OCF3, further OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3 or Cl, very preferably F.

[0118] In certain embodiments, the LC medium is Y 0 contains one or more compounds of formula II or their sub-formulas as described above with Y being CH3. Very preferably, the LC medium according to this preferred embodiment contains one or more compounds of formula II selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0119]

Chemical formula

[0120]

Chemical formula

[0121] In the formula, R 0 and X 0 have the meanings given by formula II.

[0122] Preferred compounds are those of formulae IIA-1, IIA-2 and IIA-3, very preferably those of formulae IIA-1 and IIA-2.

[0123] In the compounds of formulae IIA-1 to IIA-7, R 0 represents an alkyl having preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl, and X 0 represents F, CF3 or OCF3, further OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3 or Cl, very preferably F.

[0124] The proportion of the compound of formula II in the LC medium is typically 0 to 20% by weight, very preferably 1 to 15% by weight, and most preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0125] In a further preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula III selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0126]

Chemical formula

[0127]

Chemical formula

[0128]

Chemical formula

[0129]

Chemical formula

[0130]

Chemical formula

[0131] wherein R 0 and X 0 have the meanings given by formula II.

[0132] Particularly preferred compounds are those of formulae III-1, III-4, III-6, III-16, III-19 and III-20.

[0133] In the compounds of formulae III-1 to III-22, R 0 represents alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl, and X 0represents F, CF3 or OCF3, further OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3 or Cl, very preferably F, and Y 0 preferably represents H.

[0134] The LC medium may contain one or more compounds of formula III or their sub-formulas as described above with Y 0 being CH3. Very preferably, the LC medium according to this preferred embodiment contains one or more compounds of formula III selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0135]

Chemical formula

[0136]

Chemical formula

[0137]

Chemical formula

[0138]

Chemical formula

[0139] wherein R 0 and X 0 have the meanings given in formula III.

[0140] Preferred compounds are those of formulae IIIA-1, IIIA-4, IIIA-6, IIIA-16, IIIA-19 and IIIA-20.

[0141] In the compounds of formulae IIIA-1 to IIIA-21, R 0 represents alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl, and X 0represents F, CF3 or OCF3, further OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3 or Cl, very preferably F.

[0142] The proportion of the compound of formula III in the LC medium is preferably 5 to 60% by weight, very preferably 10 to 50% by weight, and most preferably 20 to 40% by weight.

[0143] In a further preferred embodiment, the LC medium may additionally contain one or more compounds selected from the following formulas.

[0144]

Chemical formula

[0145] wherein R 0 、X 0 、L 1~4 and Y 0 have the meanings shown in formulas II and III, Z 0 is -C2H4-, -(CH2)4-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -C2F4-, --CH2CF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -CF2O- or -OCF2-, and also represents a single bond in formulas V and VI, s represents 0 or 1.

[0146] The compound of formula IV is preferably selected from the following formulas.

[0147]

Chemical formula

[0148] wherein R 0 and X 0 have the meanings shown in formulas II and III.

[0149] R 0is preferably alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl. X 0 is preferably F or OCF3, more preferably OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3 or Cl.

[0150] The compound of formula IVa is preferably represented by the following sub-formulas.

[0151]

Chemical formula

[0152] The compound of formula IVb is preferably represented by the following sub-formulas.

[0153]

Chemical formula

[0154] The compound of formula IVc is preferably represented by the following sub-formulas.

[0155]

Chemical formula

[0156] In the formula, R 0 has the meaning shown in formula II, preferably alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl or n-pentyl.

[0157] In the LC medium according to the present invention, the compound (one or more) of formula IVc, particularly formula IVc1, is preferably employed in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably 2 to 15% by weight.

[0158] The compound of formula V is preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0159] [Chemistry]

[0160] [Chemistry]

[0161] In the formula, R 0 and X 0 have the meanings shown in formula II.

[0162] R 0 preferably represents alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl. X 0 preferably represents F or OCF3, further OCHF2, CF3, OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3 and OCH=CF2.

[0163] The compound of formula VI is preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0164] [Chemistry]

[0165] In the formula, R 0 and X 0 have the meanings shown in formula II.

[0166] R 0 preferably represents alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl. X 0 preferably represents F, further OCF3, CF3, CF=CF2, OCHF2, OCHFCF3 and OCH=CF2.

[0167] The preferred compounds of formulas VIa to VIe are those selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0168] [Chemistry]

[0169] "alkyl" is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms.

[0170] The compound of formula VII is preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0171] [Chemistry]

[0172] wherein R 0 and X 0 have the meanings in formula II above.

[0173] R 0 preferably represents alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl. X 0 preferably represents F, more preferably OCF3, OCHF2, OCHFCF3 and OCH=CF2.

[0174] In some embodiments, the LC medium additionally contains one or more compounds selected from the following formulas.

[0175] [Chemistry]

[0176] wherein, R 0 and X 0 each independently has one of the meanings shown in formula II, L 1~4 each independently represents H or F, Y 0 represents H or CH3, preferably H, X 0is preferably F, Cl, CF3, OCF3 or OCHF2, OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3, R 0 preferably represents alkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl, cycloalkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkenyl each having up to 6 C atoms.

[0177] Very preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula XXa.

[0178]

Chemical formula

[0179] In the formula, R 0 represents alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl, and X 0 represents F, CF3, OCF3, further OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3 or Cl, very preferably F. R 0 has the meaning shown in formula LP1. R 0 preferably represents linear alkyl, especially ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl and n-pentyl, very particularly preferably n-propyl.

[0180] The compound(s) of formula XX, especially of formula XXa, is / are preferably used in the LC medium according to the invention in an amount of 0 to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 10% by weight.

[0181] Very preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula XXIa.

[0182]

Chemical formula

[0183] In the formula, R 0represents alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl. R 0 preferably represents linear alkyl, in particular ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl and n-pentyl, very particularly preferably n-propyl.

[0184] The compound(s) of formula XXI, in particular of formula XXIa, are preferably used in the LC medium according to the invention in an amount of from 1 to 15% by weight, particularly preferably from 2 to 10% by weight.

[0185] More preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula XXIIIa.

[0186]

Chemical formula

[0187] In the formula, R 0 represents alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms. R 0 preferably represents linear alkyl, in particular ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl and n-pentyl, very particularly preferably n-propyl or cycloalkyl, in particular cyclopentyl.

[0188] Preferred specific compounds of formula XXIIIa include, in particular

[0189]

Chemical formula

[0190] The compound(s) of formula XXIII, in particular of formula XXIIIa, are preferably used in the LC medium according to the invention in an amount of from 0.5 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably from 0.5 to 2% by weight.

[0191] The LC medium may additionally contain one or more compounds of formula XXIV.

[0192]

Chem.

[0193] In the formula, R 0 , X 0 and L 1~6 have the meanings shown in Formula III, s represents 0 or 1,

Chem.

[0194] In Formula XXIV, X 0 may also represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms. The alkyl or alkoxy group is preferably linear.

[0195] R 0 preferably represents an alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms. X 0 preferably represents F.

[0196] The compound of Formula XXIV is preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0197]

Chem.

[0198]

Chem.

[0199] In the formula, R 0 , X 0 and L 1 have the meanings shown in Formula III. R 0 preferably represents an alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms. X 0 preferably represents F, and L 1 is preferably F.

[0200]

Chem.

[0201] R 0 is a linear alkyl or alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0202] The LC medium may further contain one or more compounds of the following formula.

[0203]

Chem.

[0204] In the formula, each R 1 and X 0 has the meaning shown for R 0 and X 0 in formula II. R 1 preferably represents an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl. X 0 preferably represents F, CF3 or OCF3, further OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3 or Cl, very preferably F. In formula XXIV, X 0 very particularly preferably represents Cl.

[0205] The LC medium may further contain one or more compounds of the following formula.

[0206]

Chem.

[0207] In the formula, and each R 1 , X 0 and Y 0 has the meaning shown for R 0 , X 0 and Y 0 in formula II. R 1represents alkyl having preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl. X 0 represents preferably F, CF3 or OCF3, further OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3 or Cl, very preferably F, and Y 0 represents preferably H. In some embodiments, the LC medium according to the invention preferably contains one or more compounds of formula XXIX in which X 0 represents preferably F.

[0208] The compound of formula XXVIII is preferably selected from sub-formula XXVIIIa, with XXVIIIa-1 and XXVIIIa-2 being most preferred.

[0209]

Chemical formula

[0210] "alkyl" is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0211] The compound(s) of formulae XXVII to XXX are used in the LC medium according to the invention in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 15% by weight. Particularly preferred LC media contain at least one compound of formula XXIX and / or formula XXX.

[0212] Very preferably, the LC medium according to the invention contains one or more compounds of formula XXIXa and / or XXXa.

[0213]

Chemical formula

[0214] In the formula, R 1 and Y 0 have the meanings shown for R 0 and Y 0 in formula II, and preferably R 1represents alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl.

[0215] The compound(s) of formula XXIXa and / or XXXa is preferably used in the LC medium according to the invention in an amount of 1 to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0216] The LC medium may further contain one or more compounds of the following pyrimidine or pyridine compounds of the following formula.

[0217]

Chemical formula

[0218] In the formula, each R 1 , X 0 and Y 0 has the meaning shown for R 0 , X 0 and Y 0 in formula II. R 1 preferably represents alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl. X 0 preferably represents F, CF3 or OCF3, further OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3 or Cl, very preferably F, and Y 0 preferably represents H. The LC medium according to the invention particularly preferably may contain one or more compounds of formula XXXI-1 in which X 0 preferably represents F. The compound(s) of formula XXXI-1 to XXXI-3 may be employed in the LC medium according to the invention in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 15% by weight.

[0219] Preferably, in addition to the compound of formula I, the antioxidant and optionally the light stabilizer, the LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula N1 and N2.

[0220] [Chemical formula]

[0221] In the formula, R 41 and R 42 are, independently of each other, as defined for R in Formula I 0 above, and preferably, R 41 represents alkyl, R 42 represents alkyl or alkoxy, or R 41 represents alkenyl, R 42 represents alkyl, provided that one -CH2- group may be replaced by cyclopropylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene, 1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclopentenylene, preferably cyclopropylene or 1,3-cyclopentylene, [Chemical formula] Z 41 and Z 42 are, independently of each other, and when Z 41 appears twice, these are also independently of each other, -CH2CH2-, -COO-, trans-CH=CH-, trans-CF=CF-, -CH2O-, -CF2O-, -C≡C- or a single bond, preferably, one or more of them represent a single bond, and p represents 0, 1 or 2, preferably 0 or 1, and

[0222] R 51 and R 52 are, independently of each other, Z 41 and Z 42has one of the meanings given to it and preferably represents an alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms, preferably n-alkyl, particularly preferably n-alkyl having 1 to 5 C atoms, an alkoxy having 1 to 7 C atoms, preferably n-alkoxy, particularly preferably n-alkoxy having 2 to 5 C atoms, an alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 7 C atoms, preferably having 2 to 4 C atoms, alkenyl or alkenyloxy, preferably alkenyloxy, provided that one -CH2- group may be replaced by cyclopropylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene, 1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclopentenylene, preferably cyclopropylene or 1,3-cyclopentylene,

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

[0223] In some embodiments, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formulas.

[0224]

Chemical formula

[0225]

Chemical formula

[0226] In the formulas, "alkyl" and "alkyl * " each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, "alkenyl" and "alkenyl * " each independently represent an alkenyl having 2 to 6 C atoms.

[0227] Compounds of formulas Z1 and Z2 are highly preferred.

[0228] Preferred compounds of formulas Z1 to Z6 are those selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0229]

Chemical formula

[0230]

Chemical formula

[0231]

Chemical formula

[0232] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula Z1 or its preferred sub-formulas and / or one or more compounds selected from formula Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 or their preferred sub-formulas.

[0233] Preferably, the total proportion in the medium of the compounds of formula Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5 and Z6 or their sub-formulas, such as CC-3-V, is 10 to 65% by weight, very preferably 20 to 60% by weight, and most preferably 25 to 55% by weight. In an even more preferred embodiment, the compound of formula Z1-1 is used within a concentration range of 10% to 60% by weight, more preferably 25% to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the LC medium. In a further preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains a total of 50% to 70% by weight of the compounds represented by formula Z1-1 and Z4-2.

[0234] Preferably, the medium contains one, two or three compounds selected from the formulas Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 or their sub-formulas.

[0235] The LC medium may additionally contain one or more compounds of the following general formula.

[0236]

Chemical formula

[0237] In the formula, R 1 and R 2 each independently represent C 1~6 -alkyl, C 1~6 -alkoxy or C 2~6 -alkynyl.

[0238] The compound of formula XII is preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0239]

Chemical formula

[0240] In the formula, "alkyl" and "alkyl * " each independently represent methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl.

[0241] Compounds of Formulas XIIa and XIIc are particularly preferred. In Formula XIIb, "alkyl" is preferably, independently of one another, n-C3H7, n-C4H9 or n-C5H 11 , in particular representing n-C3H7. In Formula XIIc, "alkyl" preferably represents n-C3H7, and "alkyl" is preferably CH3 or n-C3H7.

[0242] Particularly preferred compounds of Formula XII are described by the following structures.

[0243]

Chemical formula

[0244] The LC medium may additionally contain one or more compounds selected from the following formulas.

[0245]

Chemical formula

[0246] wherein L 1 and L 2 have the meanings represented by Formula III, and R 1 and R 2 each independently of one another represent n-alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkenyl having up to 6 carbon atoms, preferably each independently of one another representing alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; in the compound of Formula XIV at least one substituent R 1 and R 2 preferably represent alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0247] The LC medium may further contain one or more compounds of Formula XIV in which at least one substituent R 1 and R 2 represents alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably those selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0248] [Chemical formula]

[0249] In the formula, "alkyl" and "alkyl * " have the meanings shown above and each independently preferably represents methyl, ethyl or propyl.

[0250] The compound of formula XIV is preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0251] [Chemical formula]

[0252] The compounds of formula XIVd-1, XIVe-1, XIVe-2 and XIVe-3 are very preferred.

[0253] The LC medium further contains one or more compounds of formula XV in which at least one of the substituents R 1 and R 2 represents alkyl or alkoxy having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0254] [Chemical formula]

[0255] In the formula, "alkyl" and "alkyl * " have the meanings shown above and each independently preferably represents methyl, ethyl or propyl.

[0256] In a further embodiment, the LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XVI.

[0257] [Chemical formula]

[0258] wherein R 1 and R 2 have the meanings shown for R 0 in formula II, and preferably each independently represents an alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms. L represents H or F.

[0259] Particularly preferred compounds of formula XVI are those of the following sub-formulas.

[0260]

Chemical formula

[0261] wherein "alkyl" and "alkyl * " each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, particularly ethyl, propyl or pentyl, and "alkenyl" and "alkenyl * " each independently represent a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 C atoms, particularly a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, particularly CH2=CHC2H4, CH3CH=CHC2H4, CH2=CH and CH3CH=CH.

[0262] Compounds of formula XVIb and XVIc are particularly preferred. Compounds of the following sub-formulas are very particularly preferred.

[0263]

Chemical formula

[0264] In a further embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula XIII.

[0265]

Chemical formula

[0266] wherein R 1 and R 2has the meaning shown in formula II, and preferably each independently represents an alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms. L represents H, F or Cl. 0 has the meaning shown in formula II, and preferably each independently represents an alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms. L represents H, F or Cl.

[0267] Particularly preferred compounds of formula XIII are those of the following sub-formulas.

[0268]

Chemical formula

[0269] In the formula, "alkyl" and "alkyl * " each independently represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, particularly ethyl, propyl or pentyl, and "alkenyl" and "alkenyl * " each independently represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 C atoms, particularly CH2=CHC2H4, CH3CH=CHC2H4, CH2=CH and CH3CH=CH.

[0270] Compounds of formula XIIIa and XIIIb are particularly preferred. Compounds of the following sub-formulas are very particularly preferred.

[0271]

Chemical formula

[0272] In a further embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula XIII.

[0273]

Chemical formula

[0274] In the formula, R 1 and R 2 are R in formula II 0It has the meaning shown and preferably represents an alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, each independently of the others. L represents H, F or Cl.

[0275] Particularly preferred compounds of formula XIII' are those of the following sub-formulas.

[0276]

Chemical formula

[0277] In the formula, “alkyl” and “alkyl * ” each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, particularly ethyl, propyl or pentyl, and “alkenyl” and “alkenyl * ” each independently represent a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 C atoms, particularly CH2=CHC2H4, CH3CH=CHC2H4, CH2=CH and CH3CH=CH.

[0278] Compounds of formulas XIIIa and XIIIb are particularly preferred. Compounds of the following sub-formulas are very particularly preferred.

[0279]

Chemical formula

[0280] The LC medium may contain one or more compounds of the following formula.

[0281]

Chemical formula

[0282] In the formula, each R 1 and R 2 has the meaning represented by formula G and preferably represents an alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, each independently of the others. L represents H or F.

[0283] Compounds of formula XVIIa in which L is H or F are very preferred. Compounds of formula XVIIb in which L is F are very preferred.

[0284] The LC medium may additionally contain one or more compounds of the following formulae.

[0285]

Chem.

[0286] In the formulae, L, R 1 and R 2 have the meanings shown for L 1 and R 0 in formula I. R 1 and R 2 preferably each represent alkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkenyl having up to 6 C atoms.

[0287] Particularly preferred compounds of formula XXXII are those of the following sub-formulae.

[0288]

Chem.

[0289] In the formulae, “alkyl” and “alkyl * ” each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, in particular ethyl, propyl or pentyl, and “alkenyl” represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 C atoms, in particular CH2=CHC2H4, CH3CH=CHC2H4, CH2=CH and CH3CH=CH.

[0290] Compounds of the following sub-formulae are very particularly preferred.

[0291]

Chem.

[0292] In some further embodiments, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the following formula.

[0293] [Chemical formula]

[0294] wherein R 1 and R 2 each independently have the meaning given for R 0 in formula I and each preferably independently represents an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0295] Compounds of the following sub-formulas are highly particularly preferred.

[0296] [Chemical formula]

[0297] Advantageously, the LC medium of the present invention may comprise one or more compounds of formula LP1 and / or one or more compounds of LP2.

[0298] [Chemical formula]

[0299] [Chemical formula]

[0300] wherein the individual substituents have the following meanings: R 0 has one of the meanings given for R 1 in formula I; R 2represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, in which one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are arranged such that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, and may be substituted with -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-,

Chemical formula

[0301] One or more compounds of formula LP1 and LP2 may preferably be described by the following formula.

[0302]

Chemical formula

[0303] In the formula, R 0 is an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, in which one or more CH2 groups are arranged such that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, and may be substituted with -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-,

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

[0304] Also, the compounds of general formulas LP1 and LP2 can be represented by one of the following structures.

[0305]

Chemical formula

[0306]

Chemical formula

[0307]

Chemical formula

[0308] In the formula, R 0 is an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (in which one or more CH2 groups are arranged so that O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and are substituted with -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-,

Chemical formula

[0309] Particularly preferred compounds of formula LP1 are those selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0310]

Chemical formula

[0311]

Chemical formula

[0312] In the formula, Y 0 is H or CH3, preferably H.

[0313] Particularly preferred compounds of formula LP2 are those selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0314]

Chemical formula

[0315]

Chemical formula

[0316] In the formula, Y 0 is H or CH3, preferably H.

[0317] Compounds of formulae LP2-1a, LP2-1b, LP2-1c, LP2-1d and LP2-1i, LP2-2b, LP2-3a, LP2-3c are highly preferred, and the compound of formula LP2-1b is most preferred.

[0318] Preferably, the LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula LP1 and one or more compounds of formula LP2.

[0319] The total proportion of the compound of formula LP1 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 2 to 35% by weight, very preferably 3 to 25% by weight, and most preferably 4 to 15% by weight. The total proportion of the compound of formula LP2 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 2 to 35% by weight, very preferably 3 to 25% by weight, and most preferably 4 to 15% by weight.

[0320] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two or three compounds of formula LP1 or their sub-formulae. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains at least one compound of formula LP1.

[0321] In addition to the compound of formula I, the antioxidant and optionally the light stabilizer, the LC medium may contain one or more compounds selected from formulae Y and B.

[0322]

Chemical formula

[0323] In the formula, each substituent, in each occurrence, is the same or different and each independently of one another has the following meanings:

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

[0324] In the formula, R 1 、R 2 are each independently one of the meanings given to R in formula I and 0 have, R 3 is one of the meanings given to R 1 and Z x 、Z y is -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CH-CH2O- or a single bond, preferably a single bond, Z z is -CH2O-, -O-, -C2H4-, -OCH2 or a single bond, Y 1 is -CH2-, -O- or -S-, L 1~4 is H, F or Cl, preferably H or F, very preferably F, x and y are 0, 1 or 2, provided that x + y is 3 or less, z is 0 or 1, provided that in formula B the dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene group may also be further substituted with a methyl or methoxy group, provided that the compound of formula Y contains at least one substituent L 1~4 which is F or Cl, preferably F.

[0325] The LC medium according to this first preferred embodiment may comprise one or more compounds of formula I, one or more antioxidants and one or more light stabilizers, and one or more compounds selected from formulas Z1, Z2 and Z3, and one or more compounds selected from formulas Y and B.

[0326] The LC medium according to this first preferred embodiment is particularly suitable for use in an LC display in HB-FFS or PS-HB-FFS mode.

[0327] In the compounds of formula Y and its sub-formulas, R 1and R 2 preferably represents a linear alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 6 C atoms, further an alkenyl having 2 to 6 C atoms, especially vinyl, 1E-propenyl, 1E-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1E-pentenyl, 3E-pentenyl or 4-pentenyl.

[0328] In the compounds of formula Y and its sub-formulas, preferably the substituent L 1 and L 2 both represent F. In other preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the compounds of formula Y and its sub-formulas, the substituent L 1 and L 2 one represents F and the other represents Cl.

[0329] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula Y selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0330]

Chemical formula

[0331] wherein R 1 , R 2 , Z x and Z y have the meanings given in formula Y, a represents 1 or 2, b represents 0 or 1, L 1 , L 2 represents F or Cl, preferably F, and L 5 represents an H atom or CH3,

Chemical formula

[0332] Preferably in the compounds of formula Y 1 and Y 2 , both of L 1 and L 2 represent F, or L 1 and L2 One of them represents F and the other represents Cl, or L 1 and L 2 Both of them represent F, or L 1 and L 2 One of them represents F and the other represents Cl.

[0333] Preferably, the LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula Y1 selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0334]

Chemical formula

[0335]

Chemical formula

[0336]

Chemical formula

[0337]

Chemical formula

[0338]

Chemical formula

[0339]

Chemical formula

[0340]

Chemical formula

[0341]

Chemical formula

[0342] [Chemistry]

[0343] [Chemistry]

[0344] [Chemistry]

[0345] [Chemistry]

[0346] [Chemistry]

[0347] [Chemistry]

[0348] [Chemistry]

[0349] [Chemistry]

[0350] [Chemistry]

[0351] wherein, a represents 1 or 2, "alkyl" and "alkyl * " each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, "Alkenyl" represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and L 5 represents an H atom or CH3.

[0352] "Alkenyl" preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0353] Most preferably, the LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula Y1 selected from the group consisting of formulae Y1-1, Y1-2, Y1-7, Y1-12, Y1-17, Y1-22, Y1-40, Y1-41, Y1-42, Y1-44, Y1-50 and Y1-68. L 5 preferably represents an H atom.

[0354] Even more preferably, the LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula Y2 selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulae.

[0355]

Chemical formula

[0356]

Chemical formula

[0357]

Chemical formula

[0358]

Chemical formula

[0359]

Chemical formula

[0360] [Chemical formula]

[0361] [Chemical formula]

[0362] In the formula, "alkyl" and "alkyl * " each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, "alkenyl" represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and L 5 represents an H atom or CH3, preferably an H atom.

[0363] "alkenyl" preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0364] Very preferably, the LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula Y2 selected from formula Y2-2 and Y2-10.

[0365] The proportion of the compound of formula Y1 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 0 to 10% by weight.

[0366] The proportion of the compound of formula Y2 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 0 to 10% by weight.

[0367] The total proportion of the compounds of formula Y1 and Y2 or their sub-formulas in the LC medium is preferably 1 to 20% by weight, very preferably 2 to 15% by weight.

[0368] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two or three compounds selected from the formulas Y1 and Y2 or their sub-formulas, very preferably from the formulas Y1-2, Y1-22, Y1-66, Y1-70, Y2-6 and Y2-22.

[0369] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the LC medium contains one or more compounds of the formula Y of the following sub-formulas.

[0370]

Chemical formula

[0371] In the formula, L 1 , L 2 , L 5 , R 1 and R 2 each have one of the meanings given to L 1 , L 2 , Y 0 and R 0 in formula I.

[0372] Preferred compounds of formula Y3 are selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0373]

Chemical formula

[0374]

Chemical formula

[0375]

Chemical formula

[0376] In the formula, "Alkyl" and "Alkyl * " each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, "Alkenyl" and "Alkenyl* " represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms each independently of one another, and O represents an oxygen atom or a single bond.

[0377] "Alkenyl" and "Alkenyl * " preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0378] Particularly preferred compounds of formula Y3 are selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0379]

Chemical formula

[0380] In the formula, "Alkoxy" and "Alkoxy * " each independently preferably represents a linear alkoxy having 3, 4 or 5 carbon atoms.

[0381] Preferably, in the compounds of formula Y3 and its sub-formulas, L 1 and L 2 both represent F. More preferably, in the compounds of formula Y3, one of the substituents L 1 and L 2 represents F and the other represents Cl.

[0382] The proportion of the compound of formula Y3 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 0 to 10% by weight, very preferably 1 to 6% by weight.

[0383] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two or three compounds of formula Y3 or its sub-formula, more preferably formula Y3-6, very preferably formula Y3-6A.

[0384] In another further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula Y of sub-formula Y4.

[0385]

Chemical formula

[0386] In the formula, R 1 and R 2 each independently has one of the meanings shown in formula Y above,

Chemical formula

[0387] The most preferred compounds of formula Y4 are selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0388]

Chemical formula

[0389]

Chemical formula

[0390]

Chemical formula

[0391] In the formula, R represents a linear alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 7 C atoms, (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and m represents an integer from 1 to 6.

[0392] R preferably represents methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy or pentyloxy.

[0393] The proportion of the compound of formula Y4 or its sub-formula in the medium is preferably 0 to 10% by weight, very preferably 1 to 6% by weight.

[0394] Particularly preferred compounds are those of the following sub-formulas.

[0395]

Chemical formula

[0396] In the formula, "alkyl" and "alkyl * " each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly ethyl, propyl or pentyl.

[0397] The use of the following compounds is particularly advantageous.

[0398]

Chemical formula

[0399] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula Y selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0400]

Chemical formula

[0401] In the formula, R 5 has one of the meanings represented by formula Y for R 1 , "alkyl" represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, d represents 0 or 1, z and m each independently represent an integer from 1 to 6.

[0402] R in these compounds 5 is particularly preferably C 2~6 -alkyl or -alkoxy or C 2~6 -alkenyl, and d is preferably 1. The LC medium according to the present invention preferably contains one or more compounds of the above formula in an amount of 5% by weight or more.

[0403] A more preferred embodiment is shown below:

[0404] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula Y of the following sub-formula.

[0405]

Chemical formula

[0406] In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , L 1 , L 2 , X, x and Z x have the meanings given by formula Y, provided that at least one of the rings X is cyclohexenylene.

[0407] Preferably, both of the substituents L 1 and L 2 represent F. More preferably, one of the substituents L 1 and L 2 represents F and the other represents Cl.

[0408] The compound of formula LY is preferably selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0409]

Chemical formula

[0410]

Chemical formula

[0411] In the formula, R 1 has the meaning shown in formula Y above, (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and v represents an integer from 1 to 6. R 1 is preferably a linear alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or a linear alkenyl having 2 to 6 C atoms, particularly CH3, C2H5, n-C3H7, n-C4H9, n-C5H 11 , CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0412] Compounds of formula LY4 are highly preferred.

[0413] Preferably, the medium contains one, two or three compounds of formula LY, very preferably of formula LY4.

[0414] The proportion of the compound of formula LY or its sub-formula in the medium is preferably 1 to 10% by weight.

[0415] · The medium contains one or more compounds of formula Y represented by the following sub-formulas.

[0416]

Chemical formula

[0417] In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , L 1 , L 2 , Y, y and Z y have the meanings given by formula Y, provided that at least one of the rings Y is tetrahydropyran.

[0418] Compounds of formula AY are preferably selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0419]

Chemical formula

[0420] [Chemical formula]

[0421] In the formula, R 1 has the meaning shown above, "alkyl" represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, v represents an integer from 1 to 6.

[0422] R 1 is preferably linear alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms or linear alkenyl having 2 to 6 C atoms, particularly CH3, C2H5, n-C3H7, n-C4H9, n-C5H 11 , CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0423] In the compounds of formula B and its sub-formulas, R 1 and R 3 are preferably linear alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 6 C atoms, particularly methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy, and further alkenyl having 2 to 6 C atoms, particularly vinyl, 1E-propenyl, 1E-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1E-pentenyl, 3E-pentenyl or 4-pentenyl.

[0424] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium contains one or more compounds of formula B selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0425] [Chemical formula]

[0426] In the formula, Y1 , L 1 , L 2 , R 1 and R 3 have the meaning given by formula B.

[0427] Preferred compounds of formula B1 are selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0428]

Chemical formula

[0429] In the formula, R 1 and R 3 each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in which one or more CH2 groups are such that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, and -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-,

Chemical formula

[0430] Compounds of formula B1-2 are particularly preferred.

[0431] Preferably, the compound of formula B1-1 is selected from the group of compounds of formulas B1-1-1 to B1-1-11, preferably the compound of formula B1-1-6.

[0432]

Chemical formula

[0433] [Chemical formula]

[0434] In the formula, "alkyl" and "alkyl * " each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, "alkenyl" and "alkenyl * " each independently represent a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, "alkoxy" and "alkoxy * " each independently represent a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0435] Preferably, the compound of formula B1-2 is selected from the group of compounds of formula B1-2-1 to B1-2-10, preferably the compound of formula B1-2-6.

[0436] [Chemical formula]

[0437] [Chemical formula]

[0438] In the formula, "alkyl" and "alkyl * " each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, "alkenyl" and "alkenyl * " each independently represent a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, "alkoxy" and "alkoxy * " each independently represent a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0439] The LC medium may contain one or more compounds of formula B1-1A and / or B1-2A.

[0440] [Chemical formula]

[0441] In the formula, (O) represents O or a single bond, R IIIA is alkyl or alkenyl having up to 7 C atoms or the group Cy-C m H 2m+1 - represents, m and n are the same or different and are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, preferably 1, 2 or 3, very preferably 1, Cy represents an alicyclic group having 3, 4 or 5 ring atoms, which may be substituted with alkyl or alkenyl having up to 3 C atoms or halogen or CN, preferably represents cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl or cyclopentyl.

[0442] The compounds of formula B1-1A and / or B1-2A are included in the LC medium alternatively or additionally, preferably additionally, to the compounds of formula B1-1 and B1-2.

[0443] Also preferred compounds of formula B1-1A and / or B1-2A are the following.

[0444] [Chemical formula]

[0445] In the formula, "alkoxy" is a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms or alternatively -(CH2) n F (where n is 2, 3, 4 or 5), preferably represents C2H4F.

[0446] The proportion of the compound of formula B1 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 1 to 20% by weight, very preferably 1 to 15% by weight.

[0447] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two or three compounds of formula B1 or its sub-formula.

[0448] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the LC medium may contain one or more compounds of formula B2-2.

[0449]

Chemical formula

[0450] In the formula R 1 and R 3 are the same or different and represent H, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, provided that one or more CH2 groups in these groups are such that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-,

Chemical formula

[0451] The compound of formula B2-2 is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula B2-2-1 to B2-2-10.

[0452]

Chemical formula

[0453]

Chemical formula

[0454] In the formula, R 3is alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, preferably ethyl, n-propyl or n-butyl, or alternatively cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl or cyclopentylmethyl or alternatively -(CH2) n F (wherein n is 2, 3, 4 or 5), preferably represents C2H4F.

[0455] Particularly preferred compounds of formula B2 are selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0456]

Chemical formula

[0457] The proportion of the compound of formula B2 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 1 to 20% by weight, very preferably 1 to 15% by weight.

[0458] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two or three compounds of formula B2 or its sub-formula.

[0459] Preferred compounds of formula B3 are selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0460]

Chemical formula

[0461] wherein R 1 has one of the meanings given by formula B3, preferably linear alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, very preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl, more preferably ethyl or propyl, most preferably propyl, and X 1 has one of the meanings given by formula B3, preferably represents CF3 or OCF3.

[0462] Preferred compounds of formula B3 are selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0463]

Chemical formula

[0464] In the formula, R 1 has one of the meanings given by formula B3, preferably a linear alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, very preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl, more preferably ethyl or propyl, and most preferably propyl.

[0465] Compounds of formula B3-1-1 and B3-2-2 are most preferred.

[0466] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula B or its sub-formulas B1, B2, B3, B1-1, B1-2, B2-1, B2-2, B2-3, B3-1, B3-2, B3-1-1, B3-1-2, B3-2-1 and B3-2-2, provided that the dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene group is a methyl group or a methoxy group, preferably a methyl group, preferably in the para position with respect to the substituent F, very preferably in the para position with respect to the substituent F (i.e., the terminal group R 2 or X 1 is substituted at the meta position with respect to).

[0467] The proportion of the compound of formula B3 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 1 to 20% by weight, very preferably 1 to 10% by weight.

[0468] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two or three compounds of formula B3 or its sub-formula.

[0469] Preferably, the total proportion of the compounds of formula Y and B or their sub-formulas in the LC medium is 2 to 25% by weight, very preferably 3 to 20% by weight.

[0470] More preferably, the LC medium contains any combination thereof and is selected from the following preferred embodiments: · In combination with the compounds of formula ST, H and Z1 to Z7, the compound of formula I, · In combination with compounds of formula ST, Z1 to Z7 and II and / or III, a compound of formula I, · In combination with compounds of formula ST, LP1, IV to VIII and compounds of formula Z1 and Z4, compounds of formula G and U, · In combination with compounds of formula LP1 and / or LP2, a compound of formula I, · In combination with compounds of formula XXX and / or XXIX, a compound of formula I, · In combination with a compound of formula IVb-1, a compound of formula I, · In combination with a compound of formula IVc-1, a compound of formula I, · In combination with a compound of formula XXXV, a compound of formula I, · In combination with a compound of formula XIVc-1, a compound of formula I, · In combination with a compound of formula XIIa-1, a compound of formula I, · In combination with a compound of formula XVIc, a compound of formula I, · In combination with a compound of formula VIb, a compound of formula I, · In combination with a compound of formula XXVIIIa, a compound of formula I.

[0471] · The LC medium comprises a compound of formula I or its sub-formula, ST and optionally one or more compounds of H, II and / or III, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, V, VI, VII, VIII, XIV, XV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XVIII, XIX, XX, XXI, XXIII, XXIV, XXV, XXVI, XXVII, XXVIII, XXIX, XXX, XXX-1, XXX-2, XXX-3, XXXII, XXXIII and S and their sub-formulas.

[0472] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula I or its sub-formulas and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of ST and / or H, II and / or III, and Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, IV, VI, XII, XIV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XX, LP1-1, XXIII, XXIX and S and their sub-formulas.

[0473] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds very preferably selected from the group consisting of formula II-1, II-2 and II-3, and more preferably from formula II-1 and II-2. The individual concentration of each of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 25% by weight.

[0474] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds very preferably selected from the group consisting of formula III-1, III-4, III-6, III-16, III-19 and III-20, and more preferably from the group consisting of formula III-1, III-6, III-16 and III-20. The individual concentration of each of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 30% by weight.

[0475] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds selected from formula IV, preferably formula IVa or IVc, very preferably from formula IVa-1 or IVc-1, and most preferably formula IVc-1. The individual concentration of each of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 20% by weight.

[0476] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds selected from formula VI, preferably formula VIb. The individual concentration of each of these compounds is preferably 1 to 20% by weight. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 20% by weight.

[0477] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds selected from formula Z1, preferably formula Z1-1. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 1 to 60% by weight, more preferably 5 to 50% by weight.

[0478] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds selected from formula Z2, preferably formula Z2-1 and Z2-2. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 35% by weight, very preferably 3 to 25% by weight.

[0479] · The LC medium contains 5 to 20% by weight of a compound of formula Z3, preferably formula Z3-1.

[0480] · The LC medium contains 5 to 20% by weight of a compound of formula Z4, preferably formula Z4-1.

[0481] · The LC medium contains 10 to 65% by weight, very preferably 20 to 60% by weight, of a compound of formula Z5.

[0482] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula LP1-1, preferably formula LP1-1a, very preferably formula LP1-1a. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight.

[0483] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XII, preferably formula XIIa or XIIb, very preferably formula XIIa, most preferably formula XIIa-1. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight.

[0484] · The LC medium contains 1 to 15% by weight of a compound of formula XIIb.

[0485] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XIV, preferably formula XIVd, very preferably formula XIVd-1. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0486] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XVIb, preferably formula XVIb-1, XVIb-2 and / or XVI-3. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight.

[0487] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XVIc, preferably formula XVIc-1, XVIc-2 and / or XVIc-3. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 20% by weight.

[0488] · The LC medium is selected from the group consisting of formula XVIIa, XVIIb and XVIIc, and very preferably contains one or more compounds of formula XVIIa where L is H and formula XVIIb where L is F. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight.

[0489] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XX, preferably formula XXa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0490] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXI, preferably formula XXIa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0491] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXIII, preferably formula XXIIIa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight.

[0492] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXIX, preferably formula XXIXa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0493] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXX. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0494] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XII. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0495] · The LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I, ST, H, II and / or III, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula Z1, Z2 and Z3 or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula XIV, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula IV, VI, XX, XXIII and XXIX or their sub-formulas, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc or their sub-formulas.

[0496] · The LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I, ST, II and / or III, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula XIVd or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula IVc, VIb, XXa, XXIIIa and XXIXa or their sub-formulas, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula LP1-1b, XVIb, XVIc, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc or their sub-formulas.

[0497] · The LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I, ST, II and / or III, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula Z1, Z2 and Z3 or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula Y, preferably Y1 and Y2, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula XIV, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula II, III, IV, VI, XX, XXIII and XXIX or their sub-formulas, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc or their sub-formulas.

[0498] · The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula I, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulae Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 or their sub-formulae, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formula B, preferably B1, B2 and B3, one or more compounds of formula XIVd or their sub-formulae, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulae II, III, IVc, VIb, XXa, XXIIIa and XXIXa or their sub-formulae, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulae LP1-1b, XVIb, XVIc, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc or their sub-formulae.

[0499] · In addition to the compound of formula I, the LC medium further contains a compound selected from the group of compounds of Z1, Z2, Z3, IV, LP1-1, XIV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXI, XXIII, XXIX, XXX and XXIV or their sub-formulae.

[0500] · In addition to the compound of formula I, the LC medium further contains a compound selected from the group of compounds of Z1, Z2, Z3, IV, XIV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXI, XXIII, XXIX, XXX and XXIV or their sub-formulae.

[0501] · The proportion of the compound of formula I or its sub-formula in the LC medium is 1 to 30% by weight, very preferably 2 to 25% by weight, and most preferably 2 to 20% by weight.

[0502] · The proportion of the compounds of formulae Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 or their sub-formulae in the whole LC medium is 10 to 65% by weight, very preferably 20 to 60% by weight.

[0503] · The proportion of the compound of formula Y or its sub-formula in the whole LC medium is 0 to 15% by weight, very preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0504] · The proportion of the compound of formula B or its sub-formula in the whole LC medium is 0 to 15% by weight, very preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0505] · The proportion of the compounds of formula II, III, IV - VIII, XVIII - XXIII and XXVII - XXX in the whole LC medium is 30 to 60% by weight.

[0506] · The proportion of the compounds of formula XIV and XV in the whole LC medium is 40 to 70% by weight.

[0507] · The proportion of the compounds of formula XIV, XVIIa - c and XXXII in the whole LC medium is 0.5 to 15% by weight.

[0508] In the present application, the term "alkyl" or "alkyl" * (alkyl * ) includes linear and branched alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, especially the linear groups methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl and hexyl. Groups having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are generally preferred.

[0509] The term "alkenyl" or "alkenyl" * (alkenyl * ) includes linear and branched alkenyl groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, especially linear groups. Preferred alkenyl groups are C2 - C7-1E-alkenyl, C4 - C6-3E-alkenyl, especially C2 - C6-1E-alkenyl. Examples of particularly preferred alkenyl groups are vinyl, 1E-propenyl, 1E-butenyl, 1E-pentenyl, 1E-hexenyl, 3-butenyl, 3E-pentenyl, 3E-hexenyl, 4-pentenyl, 4Z-hexenyl, 4E-hexenyl and 5-hexenyl. Groups having up to 5 carbon atoms, especially CH2=CH, CH3CH=CH are generally preferred.

[0510] The term "fluoroalkyl" preferably includes linear groups having a terminal fluorine, i.e., fluoromethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 3-fluoropropyl, 4-fluorobutyl, 5-fluoropentyl, 6-fluorohexyl and 7-fluoroheptyl. However, other positions of fluorine are not excluded.

[0511] The term "oxaalkyl" or "alkoxy" preferably includes linear groups of the formula C n H 2n+1 -O-(CH2) m wherein n and m each independently represent 1 to 6. Also, m may represent 0. Preferably, n = 1 and m = 1 to 6 or m = 0 and n = 1 to 3. Even more preferably, the alkoxy or oxaalkyl group may further contain one or more additional O atoms such that the oxygen atoms are not directly linked to each other.

[0512] By appropriate selection of the meanings of R 0 and X 0 in Formulas II and III, the addressing time, threshold voltage, steepness of the transmission characteristic line, etc. can be changed in a desired manner. For example, 1E-alkenyl groups, 3E-alkenyl groups, 2E-alkenyloxy groups, etc. generally result in a shorter addressing time, improved nematic tendency, and a higher ratio between the elastic constant k 33 (bend) and k 11 (splay) as compared to alkyl and alkoxy groups. 4-alkenyl groups, 3-alkenyl groups, etc. generally give a lower threshold voltage and a lower value of k3 / k1 as compared to alkyl and alkoxy groups. The LC medium according to the present invention is distinguished in particular by a high value of Δε and thus has a significantly faster response time than LC media from the prior art.

[0513] The optimal mixing ratio of the compounds of the above formulas substantially depends on the desired properties, the selection of the components of the above formulas, and the selection of any optional additional components that may be present.

[0514] The appropriate mixing ratio within the ranges shown above can be easily determined each time.

[0515] The total amount of the compounds of the above formula in the LC medium according to the invention is not critical. Thus, the mixture may contain one or more further components for the purpose of optimizing various properties. However, the observed effect on the desired improvement of the properties of the medium is generally greater the higher the total concentration of the compounds of the above formula.

[0516] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the LC medium according to the invention is X 0 contains compounds of formulas IV to VIII (preferably IV and V) in which X represents F, OCF3, OCHF2, OCH=CF2, OCF=CF2 or OCF2-CF2H. The preferred synergistic action of the compounds of formula I, the antioxidant and, if present, the light stabilizer results in particularly advantageous properties. In particular, LC media containing the compounds of formula I, the antioxidant, the light stabilizer, and the compounds of II and / or III are distinguished by their low threshold voltages.

[0517] The individual compounds of the above formulas and their sub-formulas that can be used in the LC medium according to the invention are known or can be prepared analogously to known compounds.

[0518] The invention also relates to a method for preparing an LC medium as described above and below by mixing one or more compounds of formula I, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer with one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas II, III, Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, IV, VI, XIV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XX, XXIII, XXIX.

[0519] The LC medium of the invention may contain one or more polymerizable compounds. The polymerizable compound is preferably selected from formula M.

[0520]

Chemical formula

[0521] In the formula, each substituent, in each occurrence, is the same or different and, independently of one another, each has the following meaning: R a and R b are P, P-Sp-, H, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, SF5, or a linear or branched alkyl having 1 to 25 C atoms (provided that, in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups, independently of one another, are each -C(R 0 )=C(R 00 )-, -C≡C-, -N(R 00 )-, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, where the O and / or S atoms are optionally replaced so as not to be directly linked to one another, provided that, in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, Br, I, CN, P or P-Sp).), provided that B 1 and / or B 2 contains a saturated C atom, R a and / or R b may also represent a group spiro-linked to this saturated C atom, provided that at least one of the substituents R a and R b represents or contains the group P or P-Sp-, P is a polymerizable group, Sp is a spacer group or a single bond, B 1 and B 2 are preferably an aromatic, heteroaromatic, alicyclic or heterocyclic group having 4 to 25 ring atoms, which group may also contain a fused ring and which group is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by L, Z b is -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -OCO-, -O-CO-O-, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -(CH2) n1 -, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -(CF2) n1-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-COO-, -OCO-CH=CH-, CR 0 R 00 or a single bond, R 0 and R 00 each independently represent H or alkyl having 1 to 12 C atoms, m represents 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, n1 represents 1, 2, 3 or 4, L is P, P-Sp-, OH, CH2OH, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)N(R x )2, -C(=O)Y 1 , -C(=O)R x , -N(R x )2, optionally substituted silyl, optionally substituted aryl having 6 to 20 C atoms, or linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 25 C atoms, provided that in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, P or P-Sp-, P and Sp have the meanings shown in formula M above, Y 1 represents halogen, R x is P, P-Sp-, H, halogen, linear, branched or cyclic alkyl having 1 to 25 C atoms (provided that in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O- so that O and / or S atoms are not directly linked to each other, and provided that in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, P or P-Sp-), optionally substituted aryl or aryloxy group having 6 to 40 C atoms, or optionally substituted heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy group having 2 to 40 C atoms.

[0522] More preferably, the LC medium according to the present invention contains one or more polymerizable compounds selected from Table H below.

[0523] Preferably, the proportion of the polymerizable compound selected from Formula M and Table H in the LC medium is preferably 0.01 to 5%, very preferably 0.05 to 1%, and most preferably 0.1 to 0.5%.

[0524] It has been observed that by adding one or more polymerizable compounds such as those selected from Formula M and Table H to the LC medium, advantageous properties such as fast response time can be obtained. Such LC media are particularly suitable for use in PSA displays showing low image sticking, rapid and complete polymerization, rapid generation of a stable low pretilt angle after UV exposure, high reliability, high VHR value after UV exposure, and high birefringence. By appropriate selection of the polymerizable compound, it is possible to increase the absorption of the LC medium at longer UV wavelengths, so that such longer UV wavelengths can be used for polymerization, which is advantageous for the manufacturing process of the display.

[0525] The polymerizable group P is, for example, a group suitable for polymerization reactions such as free radical or ionic chain polymerization, polyaddition or polycondensation, or polymer-analogous reactions such as addition or condensation onto the main chain. Groups for chain polymerization, particularly those containing a C=C double bond or a -C≡C- triple bond, and groups suitable for ring-opening polymerization such as, for example, oxetane or epoxide groups are particularly preferred.

[0526] Preferred group P is CH2=CW 1 -CO-O-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-,

Chemical formula

[0527] A very preferred group P is CH2=CW 1 -CO-O-, CH2=CW 1-CO-、

Chem.

[0528] A very particularly preferred group P is CH2=CW 1-CO-O-, especially CH2=CH-CO-O-, CH2=C(CH3)-CO-O- and CH2=CF-CO-O-, and further CH2=CH-O-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-CO-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-, [Chemical formula] is selected from the group consisting of.

[0529] A more preferred polymerizable group P is selected from the group consisting of vinyloxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloroacrylate, oxetane and epoxide, and most preferably is selected from the group consisting of acrylate and methacrylate.

[0530] When Sp is different from a single bond, it is preferably of the formula Sp”-X”, and as a result each substituent P-Sp- corresponds to the formula P-Sp”-X”-, where in the formula, Sp” represents an alkylene having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 12 C atoms, and the group may be optionally mono- or polysubstituted with F, Cl, Br, I or CN, provided that in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are each independently of one another, -O-, -S-, -NH-, -N(R 0 )-, -Si(R 0 R 00 )-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -S-CO-, -CO-S-, -N(R 00 )-CO-O-, -O-CO-N(R 0 )-, -N(R 0 )-CO-N(R 00 )-, -CH=CH- or -C≡C- so that O and / or S atoms are not directly linked to each other and may be replaced, X” is -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -CO-N(R 0 )-, -N(R 0 )-CO-, -N(R 0 )-CO-N(R 00)-, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CF2-, -CH=N-, -N=CH-, -N=N-, -CH=CR 0 -, -CY 2 =CY 3 -, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, -O-CO-CH=CH- or a single bond, R 0 and R 00 each independently represents H or an alkyl having 1 to 20 C atoms, Y 2 and Y 3 each independently represents H, F, Cl or CN.

[0531] X” is preferably -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -O-COO-, -CO-NR 0 -, -NR 0 -CO-, -NR 0 -CO-NR 00 - or a single bond.

[0532] Typical spacer groups Sp and -Sp”-X”- are, for example, -(CH2) p1 -, -(CH2CH2O) q1 -CH2CH2-, -CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-, -CH2CH2-NH-CH2CH2- or -(SiR 0 R 00 -O) p1 -, where p1 is an integer from 1 to 12, q1 is an integer from 1 to 3, and R 0 and R 00 have the meanings shown for formula M above.

[0533] Particularly preferred groups Sp and -Sp”-X”- are -(CH2) p1 -, -(CH2) p1 -O-, -(CH2) p1 -O-CO-, -(CH2) p1 -CO-O-, -(CH2) p1-O-CO-O-, where p1 and q1 have the meanings given above.

[0534] Particularly preferred groups Sp” are, in each case, linear ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene, hexylene, heptylene, octylene, nonylene, decylene, undecylene, dodecylene, octadecylene, ethyleneoxyethylene, methylenoxybutylene, ethylenethioethylene, ethylene-N-methyliminoethylene, 1-methylalkylene, ethenylene, propenylene and butenylene.

[0535] For the production of a PSA display, the polymerizable compounds contained in the LC medium are polymerized or (if a compound contains two or more polymerizable groups) crosslinked in situ in the LC medium between the substrates of the LC display, optionally while applying a voltage to the electrodes.

[0536] The structure of the PSA display according to the invention corresponds to the normal configuration of a PSA display as described in the prior art cited at the beginning. A configuration without protrusions is preferred, and in particular, further, it is preferred that the electrode on the color filter side is not structured and only the electrode on the TFT side has slots. An electrode structure particularly suitable and preferred for a PS-VA display is described, for example, in US Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0066793.

[0537] By combining the compounds of the above-described preferred embodiments with the above polymerizable compounds, in the LC medium according to the invention, a high clearing point and a high VHR value are always obtained simultaneously with a low threshold voltage, a low rotational viscosity and very good low-temperature stability.

[0538] By using an LC medium containing polymerizable compounds, a particularly low pretilt angle is rapidly established in a PSA display. In particular, the LC medium also shows that the response time in a PSA display, particularly the response time of intermediate gradations, is significantly shortened compared to media from the prior art.

[0539] An LC medium having a nematic LC phase and preferably not having a chiral liquid crystal phase is generally preferred.

[0540] Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of an LC medium according to the present invention as described above and below for electro-optical purposes, in particular for use in shutter glasses and for 3D applications in TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, positive VA and positive PS-VA displays, and to electro-optical displays, in particular those of the types mentioned above, comprising an LC medium according to the present invention as described above and below, in particular TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, positive VA (vertically aligned) or positive PS-VA displays.

[0541] The present invention also relates to electro-optical displays such as STN or matrix LC (MLC) displays having two flat parallel outer plates forming a cell together with a frame, integrated non-linear elements for switching individual pixels on the outer plates, and a nematic LC medium arranged in the cell and having positive dielectric anisotropy and high resistivity, provided that the nematic LC medium is an LC medium according to the present invention as described above and below.

[0542] The LC medium according to the present invention enables a significant expansion of the range of available parameters. The achievable combinations of clearing point, rotational viscosity, thermal and UV stability and high optical anisotropy are far superior to the prior materials from the prior art.

[0543] In particular, by combining the compound of formula I with at least one antioxidant, at least one light stabilizer, and optionally a compound selected from formulas II to XXXIII or their sub-formulas, a reduced short-term image fixing, a reduced long-term image fixing, and an LC medium showing low values are achieved, resulting in a fast response time. This enables high-speed energy-saving LC displays, especially in FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, and IPS modes.

[0544] The LC medium according to the present invention is suitable for portable applications such as mobile phones and PDAs and TFT applications. Furthermore, the LC medium according to the present invention is particularly suitable for use in FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, and IPS displays based on dielectrically positive liquid crystals.

[0545] The LC medium according to the present invention simultaneously achieves a rotational viscosity γ1 of 120 mPa·s or less, particularly preferably 100 mPa·s or less, while maintaining a nematic phase up to -20°C, preferably up to -30°C, particularly preferably up to -40°C, and a clearing point of 75°C or higher, preferably 80°C or higher, enabling an excellent MLC display with a fast response time. The rotational viscosity is determined at 20°C.

[0546] The dielectric anisotropy Δε of the LC medium according to the present invention at 20°C and 1 kHz is preferably +1.5 or higher, very preferably +3 to +18, and most preferably +5 to +15.

[0547] The birefringence Δn of the LC medium according to the present invention at 20°C is preferably 0.08 to 0.2, very preferably 0.09 to 0.15.

[0548] The rotational viscosity γ1 of the LC medium according to the present invention is preferably 120 mPs·s or less, more preferably 110 mPs·s or less, and very preferably 90 mPs·s or less.

[0549] The ratio γ1 / K1 of the LC medium according to the present invention (where γ1 is the rotational viscosity and K1 is the elastic constant in spray deformation) is preferably 7 mPa·s / pN or less, more preferably 6 mPa·s / pN or less, and most preferably 5.5 mPa·s / pN or less.

[0550] The average elastic constant ratio K of the LC medium according to the present invention av is preferably at least 14.0 pN, more preferably at least 15.0 pN, and most preferably at least 16.0 pN. K av can be calculated according to the following formula.

Equation

[0551] The range of the nematic phase of the LC medium according to the present invention preferably has a width of at least 90 °C, more preferably at least 100 °C, and particularly preferably at least 110 °C. This range preferably extends from at least -25 °C to +90 °C.

[0552] Needless to say, by means of an appropriate selection of the components of the LC medium according to the invention, it is also possible to achieve a higher clearing point (for example, above 100° C.) at a higher threshold voltage or a lower clearing point at a lower threshold voltage while retaining other advantageous properties. Correspondingly, it is likewise possible to obtain an LC medium with a higher Δε and thus a lower threshold with only a slightly increased viscosity. The MLC display according to the invention preferably operates at the first transmission minimum of Gooch and Tarry [C.H. Gooch and H.A. Tarry, Electron. Lett. Vol. 10, pp. 2-4, 1974; C.H. Gooch and H.A. Tarry, Appl. Phys. Vol. 8, pp. 1575-1584, 1975], in which case, in addition to particularly favorable electro-optical properties such as, for example, a high steepness of the characteristic curve and a low angular dependence of the contrast (German Patent No. 30 22 818), a lower dielectric anisotropy is sufficient to obtain the same threshold voltage as in a similar display at the second minimum. For this reason, by using the LC medium according to the invention at the first minimum, it is possible to achieve a significantly higher specific resistance value than when the LC medium contains a cyano compound. Through an appropriate selection of the individual components and their weight ratios, a person skilled in the art can set the birefringence required for a predetermined layer thickness of the MLC display using simple conventional methods.

[0553] Measurement of the voltage holding ratio (VHR) [S. Matsumoto et al., Liquid Crystals, Vol. 5, p. 1320 (1989); K. Niwa et al., Proc. SID Conference, San Francisco, June 1984, p. 304 (1984); G. Weber et al., Liquid Crystals, Vol. 5, p. 1381 (1989)] gives the following formula

Chem.

Chem.

[0554] The light stability and UV stability of the LC medium according to the present invention are extremely good, that is, they exhibit a significantly small decrease in HR when exposed to light, heat or UV.

[0555] The configuration of the MLC display according to the present invention from a polarizing plate, an electrode substrate and a surface-treated electrode corresponds to the normal design of this type of display. In this specification, the term "normal design" refers to a broad meaning and includes all derivatives and modifications of the MLC display, and in particular, also includes matrix display elements based on polycrystalline silicon TFT or MIM.

[0556] However, a major difference between the display according to the present invention and the conventional displays heretofore based on twisted nematic cells lies in the selection of the LC parameters of the LC layer.

[0557] The LC medium that can be used according to the present invention is prepared, for example, by mixing the compound of claim 1 with one or more compounds of formulas II to XXXII, or with further LC compounds and / or additives, in a conventional manner per se. Generally, the desired amounts of the components used in smaller amounts are advantageously dissolved by heating in the components constituting the main composition. It is also possible to mix the solutions of the components in an organic solvent, for example, acetone, chloroform or methanol, and after complete mixing, remove the solvent again, for example, by distillation.

[0558] The LC medium may also contain further additives known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature, such as, for example, polymerization initiators, inhibitors, surfactants, fine particles, free radical scavengers, nanoparticles, etc. For example, 0 to 15% of a dichroic dye or a chiral dopant or an initiator such as Irgacure® 651 or Irgacure® 907 can be added. Suitable stabilizers and dopants are described in Tables F and G below. In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains one or more stabilizers selected from Table G. Preferably, the proportion of antioxidants and light stabilizers such as those of the stabilizers of formula ST and H as described above or as listed in Table G in the LC medium is 10 to 2000 ppm, very preferably 30 to 1000 ppm.

[0559] Furthermore, to the LC medium, for example, 0 to 15% by weight of a dichroic dye, further nanoparticles, conductive salts, preferably ethyl dimethyldodecylammonium 4-hexyloxybenzoate, tetrabutylammonium tetraphenylborate or a complex salt of a crown ether (for example, Haller et al., Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., Vol. 24, pp. 249-258 (1973)), substances that improve conductivity, and substances that change the dielectric anisotropy, viscosity and / or orientation of the nematic phase can be added. Substances of this type are described, for example, in German Patent Application Publication Nos. 22 09 127, 22 40 864, 23 21 632, 23 38 281, 24 50 088, 26 37 430 and 28 53 728.

[0560] In the present invention and the following examples, the structures of the LC compounds are indicated by acronyms, and the conversion to chemical formulas is carried out according to Tables A to C below. All substituents C m H 2m+1 、C n H 2n+1 およびC l H 2l+1 またはC m H2 m-1 、C n H2 n-1 およびC l H2l-1 In each case, it is a linear alkyl group or an alkylene group having n, m, and l carbon atoms, respectively. Preferably, n, m, and l are each independently 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7. Table A shows the codes of the ring elements of the nucleus of the compound, Table B lists the crosslinking units, and Table C lists the meanings of the symbols of the left and right end groups of the molecule. The acronym is composed of the code of the ring element having any linking group followed by the first hyphen and the code of the left end group, and the second hyphen and the code of the right end group. Table D shows the exemplary structures of the compounds together with their respective abbreviations.

[0561] <Table A: Ring Elements>

[0562]

Table 1

[0563]

Table 2

[0564]

Table 3

[0565] <Table B: Crosslinking Units>

[0566]

Table 4

[0567] <Table C: Terminal Groups>

[0568]

Table 5

[0569]

Table 6

[0570] In the table, n and m are each integers, and the three dots "..." are places for other abbreviations from this table.

[0571] The following abbreviations are used: (n, m, k, and l are each independently integers, preferably from 1 to 12, preferably from 1 to 6, and k and l may also be 0, preferably from 0 to 4, more preferably 0 or 2, most preferably 2. n is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. In the combination "-nO-", it is preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4, more preferably 2 or 4. m is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. In the combination "-Om", it is preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4, more preferably 2 or 4. The combination "-lVm" is preferably "2V1".)

[0572] Preferred components of the LC medium are shown in Tables D and E.

[0573]

[0574] [Table 7]

[0575] [Table 8]

[0576] [Table 9]

[0577] [Table 10]

[0578] In the following formula, n and m each independently represent 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, particularly 2, 3, 5, and further 0, 4, 6.

[0579]

Table 11

[0580]

Table 12

[0581]

Table 13

[0582]

Table 14

[0583]

Table 15

[0584]

Table 16

[0585]

Table 17

[0586]

Table 18

[0587]

Table 19

[0588]

Table 20

[0589]

Table 21

[0590]

Table 22

[0591]

Table 23

[0592]

Table 24

[0593]

Table 25

[0594]

Table 26

[0595] In addition to the compound of formula I, antioxidants and light stabilizers, an LC medium containing at least one, two, three or more than four compounds from Table E is particularly preferred.

[0596] Table F shows dopants that can generally be added to the LC medium according to the present invention. The LC medium preferably contains 0 to 10% by weight, particularly 0.01 to 5% by weight, and particularly preferably 0.01 to 3% by weight of the dopant.

[0597]

Table 27

[0598]

Table 28

[0599] Antioxidants and light stabilizers that can be added to the LC medium according to the present invention in an amount of 0 to 10% by weight are described below.

[0600]

Table 29

[0601]

Table 30

[0602]

Table 31

[0603]

Table 32

[0604]

Table 33

[0605]

Table 34

[0606]

Table 35

[0607] Table H shows exemplary reactive mesogenic compounds (RM) that can be used in the LC medium according to the present invention.

[0608]

Table 36

[0609]

Table 37

[0610]

Table 38

[0611]

Table 39

[0612]

Table 40

[0613]

Table 41

[0614]

Table 42

[0615]

Table 43

[0616]

Table 44

[0617]

Table 45

[0618]

Table 46

[0619]

Table 47

[0620]

Table 48

[0621]

Table 49

[0622]

Table 50

[0623]

Table 51

[0624]

Table 52

[0625]

Table 53

[0626]

Table 54

[0627]

Table 55

[0628]

Table 56

[0629]

Table 57

[0630] The LC medium according to the present invention preferably contains one or more polymerizable compounds selected from the polymerizable compounds of Formulas RM-1 to RM-184. Among these, compounds RM-1, RM-4, RM-8, RM-17, RM-19, RM-35, RM-37, RM-39, RM-40, RM-41, RM-48, RM-52, RM-54, RM-57, RM-58, RM-64, RM-74, RM-76, RM-88, RM-91, RM-102, RM-103, RM-109, RM-116, RM-117, RM-120, RM-121, RM-122, RM-139, RM-140, RM-142, RM-143, RM-145, RM-146, RM-147, RM-149, RM-156 to RM-163, RM-169, RM-170 and RM-171 to RM-184 are particularly preferred.

[0631] Table I shows self-aligning additives for vertical alignment that can be used in the LC media for SA-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, and SA-XB-FFS displays according to the present invention.

[0632]

Table 58

[0633]

Table 59

[0634]

Table 60

[0635]

Table 61

[0636]

Table 62

[0637]

Table 63

[0638]

Table 64

[0639]

Table 65

[0640]

Table 66

[0641]

Table 67

[0642]

Table 68

[0643]

Table 69

[0644]

Table 70

[0645]

Table 71

[0646] In a preferred embodiment, the LC media, SA-VA and SA-FFS displays according to the invention are combined with one or more RMs and contain one or more SA additives selected from formulas SA-1 to SA-49, preferably from formulas SA-14 to SA-49, very preferably from formulas SA-20 to SA-34 and SA-44.

[0647] The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention without limiting it.

[0648] Percent data above and below represent weight percent. All temperatures are given in degrees Celsius. m.p. represents the melting point and cl.p. is the clearing point. Further, C is the crystalline state, N is the nematic phase, S is the smectic phase, and I is the isotropic phase. The data between these symbols represent transition temperatures. Further, the following symbols are used.

[0649] V0 Frederiks capacitance threshold voltage at 20 °C [V], V 10 Voltage at 10% transmission [V], n e Anomalous refractive index measured at 20 °C and 589 nm, n0 Ordinary refractive index measured at 20 °C and 589 nm, Δn Optical anisotropy measured at 20 °C and 589 nm, ε ⊥ Dielectric constant (or "dielectric constant") perpendicular to the long axis of the molecule at 20 °C and 1 kHz, ε ∥ Dielectric constant (or "dielectric constant") parallel to the long axis of the molecule at 20 °C and 1 kHz, Δε Dielectric anisotropy at 20 °C and 1 kHz, cl.p. or T(N,I) Clearing point [°C], ν Kinematic viscosity measured at 20 °C [mm 2 ·s -1 , γ1 Rotational viscosity measured at 20 °C [mPa·s], K1 Elastic constant for "splay" deformation at 20 °C [pN], Elastic constant [pN] for "twist" deformation at 220 °C Elastic constant [pN] for "bend" deformation at 320 °C VHR (voltage holding ratio), voltage holding ratio

[0650] All physical properties are determined according to "Merck Liquid Crystals, Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals", published in November 1997, Merck, Germany, and applied at a temperature of 20 °C, unless otherwise specified.

Examples

[0651] <Example M1> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0652]

Table 72

[0653] <Mixture Example S1 (stabilized with compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0654]

Table 73

[0655]

Chemical formula

[0656] <Example M2> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0657]

Table 74

[0658] <Mixture Example S2 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0659] [Table 75]

[0660] <Example M3> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0661] [Table 76]

[0662] <Mixture Example S3 (Stabilized with Compound of Formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0663] [Table 77]

[0664] <Mixture Example S3a (Stabilized with Compound of Formula ST-1-8)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0665] [Table 78]

[0666] [Chemical Formula]

[0667] <Example M4> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0668]

Table 79

[0669] <Mixture Example S4 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-11)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0670]

Table 80

[0671]

Chemical Formula

[0672] <Example M5> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0673]

Table 81

[0674] <Mixture Example S5 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-11)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0675]

Table 82

[0676] <Example M6> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0677]

Table 83

[0678] <Mixture Example S6 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-11)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0679] [Table 84]

[0680] <Example M7> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0681] [Table 85]

[0682] <Mixture Example S7 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-1-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0683] [Table 86]

[0684] [Chemical formula]

[0685] <Example M8> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0686] [Table 87]

[0687] <Mixture Example S8 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-1-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0688] [Table 88]

[0689] <Example M9> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0690]

Table 89

[0691] <Mixture Example S9 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-1-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0692]

Table 90

[0693] <Example M10> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0694]

Table 91

[0695] <Mixture Example S10 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-1-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0696]

Table 92

[0697] <Example M11> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0698]

Table 93

[0699] <Mixture Example S11 (Stabilized with the compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0700]

Table 94

[0701] <Example M12> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0702]

Table 95

[0703] <Mixture Example S12 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0704]

Table 96

[0705] <Example M13> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0706]

Table 97

[0707] <Mixture Example S13 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0708]

Table 98

[0709] <Mixture Example S13a (Stabilized with Compound of Formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0710] [Table 99]

[0711] <Example M14> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0712] [Table 100]

[0713] <Mixture Example S14 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0714] [Table 101]

[0715] <Example M15> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0716] [Table 102]

[0717] [Chemical Formula]

[0718] <Mixture Example S15 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0719] [Table 103]

[0720] <Example M16> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0721]

Table 104

[0722] <Mixture Example S16 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0723]

Table 105

[0724] <Example M17> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0725]

Table 106

[0726] <Mixture Example S17 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0727]

Table 107

[0728] <Example M18> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0729]

Table 108

[0730] <Mixture Example S18 (Stabilized with the Compound of Formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0731]

Table 109

[0732] <Example M19> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0733]

Table 110

[0734]

Chemical Formula

[0735] <Mixture Example S19 (Stabilized with the Compound of Formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0736]

Table 111

[0737] <Example M20> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0738]

Table 112

[0739] <Mixture Example S20 (Stabilized with the Compound of Formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0740]

Table 113

[0741] <Example M21> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0742] [Table 114]

[0743] <Mixture Example S21 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0744] [Table 115]

[0745] <Example M22> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0746] [Table 116]

[0747] <Mixture Example S22 (Stabilized with the compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0748] [Table 117]

[0749] <Example M23> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0750] [Table 118]

[0751] <Mixture Example S23 (Stabilized with the Compound of Formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0752]

Table 119

[0753] <Example M24> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0754]

Table 120

[0755] <Mixture Example S24 (Stabilized with the Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0756]

Table 121

[0757] <Example M25> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0758]

Table 122

[0759] <Mixture Example S25 (Stabilized with the Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0760]

Table 123

[0761] <Example M26> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0762]

Table 124

[0763] <Mixture Example S26 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0764]

Table 125

[0765] <Example M27> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0766]

Table 126

[0767] <Mixture Example S27 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0768]

Table 127

[0769] <Example M28> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0770]

Table 128

[0771] <Mixture Example S28 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0772]

Table 129

[0773] <Mixture Example S28a (Stabilized with Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0774]

Table 130

[0775]

Chemical Formula

[0776] <Example M29> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0777]

Table 131

[0778] <Mixture Example S29 (Stabilized with Compound of Formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0779]

Table 132

[0780] <Mixture Example S29a (Stabilized with Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0781]

Table 133

[0782] <Example M30> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0783]

Table 134

[0784] <Mixture Example S30 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0785]

Table 135

[0786] <Mixture Example S30a (Stabilized with the compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0787]

Table 136

[0788] <Example M31> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0789]

Table 137

[0790] <Mixture Example S31 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0791]

Table 138

[0792] <Mixture Example S31a (Stabilized with Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0793] [Table 139]

[0794] <Example M32> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0795] [Table 140]

[0796] <Mixture Example S32 (Stabilized with Compound of Formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0797] [Table 141]

[0798] <Mixture Example S32a (Stabilized with Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0799] [Table 142]

[0800] <Example M33> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0801] [Table 143]

[0802] <Mixture Example S33 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0803]

Table 144

[0804] <Mixture Example S33a (Stabilized with the compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0805]

Table 145

[0806] <Example M34> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0807]

Table 146

[0808] <Mixture Example S34 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0809]

Table 147

[0810] <Mixture Example S34a (Stabilized with the compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0811]

Table 148

[0812] <Example M35> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0813] [Table 149]

[0814] <Mixture Example S35 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0815] [Table 150]

[0816] <Mixture Example S35a (Stabilized with the compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0817] [Table 151]

[0818] <Example M36> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0819] [Table 152]

[0820] <Mixture Example S36 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0821] [Table 153]

[0822] <Mixture Example S36a (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0823] [Table 154]

[0824] <Example M37> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0825] [Table 155]

[0826] <Mixture Example S37 (Stabilized with Compound of Formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0827] [Table 156]

[0828] <Mixture Example S37a (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0829] [Table 157]

[0830] <Example M38> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0831] [Table 158]

[0832] <Mixture Example S38 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0833] [Table 159]

[0834] <Example M39> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0835] [Table 160]

[0836] <Mixture Example S39 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0837] [Table 161]

[0838] <Example M40> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0839] [Table 162]

[0840] <Mixture Example S40 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0841] [Table 163]

[0842] <Example M41> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0843] [Table 164]

[0844] <Mixture Example S41 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0845] [Table 165]

[0846] <Example M42> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0847] [Table 166]

[0848] <Mixture Example S42 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0849] [Table 167]

[0850] <Example M43> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0851] [Table 168]

[0852] <Mixture Example S43 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0853] [Table 169]

[0854] <Example M44> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0855] [Table 170]

[0856] <Mixture Example S44 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0857] [Table 171]

[0858] <Example M45> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0859] [Table 172]

[0860] <Mixture Example S45 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0861] [Table 173]

[0862] <Example M46> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0863]

Table 174

[0864] <Mixture Example S46 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulae ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0865]

Table 175

[0866] <Example M47> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0867]

Table 176

[0868] <Mixture Example S47 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulae ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0869]

Table 177

[0870] <Example M48> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0871]

Table 178

[0872] <Mixture Example S48 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulae ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0873]

Table 179

[0874] <Example M49> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0875]

Table 180

[0876] <Mixture Example S49 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0877]

Table 181

[0878] <Example M50> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0879]

Table 182

[0880] <Mixture Example S50 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0881]

Table 183

[0882] <Example M51> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0883]

Table 184

[0884] <Mixture Example S51 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulae ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0885] [Table 185]

[0886] <Example M52> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0887] [Table 186]

[0888] <Mixture Example S52 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulae ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0889] [Table 187]

[0890] <Example M53> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0891] [Table 188]

[0892] <Mixture Example S53 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulae ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0893] [Table 189]

[0894] <Example M54> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0895] [Table 190]

[0896] <Mixture Example S54 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0897] [Table 191]

[0898] <Example M55> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0899] [Table 192]

[0900] <Mixture Example S55 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0901] [Table 193]

[0902] <Example M56> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0903] [Table 194]

[0904] <Mixture Example S56 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0905]

Table 195

[0906] <Example M57> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0907]

Table 196

[0908] <Mixture Example S57 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0909]

Table 197

[0910] <Example M58> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0911]

Table 198

[0912] <Mixture Example S58 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0913]

Table 199

[0914] <Example M59> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0915]

Table 200

[0916] <Mixture Example S59 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0917]

Table 201

[0918] <Example M60> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0919]

Table 202

[0920] <Mixture Example S60 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0921]

Table 203

[0922] <Example M61> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0923]

Table 204

[0924] <Mixture Example S61 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0925]

Table 205

[0926] <Example M62> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0927]

Table 206

[0928] <Mixture Example S62 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0929]

Table 207

[0930] <Mixture Example S62a (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-7)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0931]

Table 208

[0932]

Chemical Formula

[0933] <Mixture Example S62b (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0934]

Table 209

[0935] <Mixture Example S62c (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0936] [Table 210]

[0937] <Mixture Example S62d (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-22)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0938] [Table 211]

[0939] [Chemical Formula]

[0940] <Mixture Example S62e (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-22)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0941] [Table 212]

[0942] <Mixture Example S62f (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-22)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0943] [Table 213]

[0944] <Mixture Example S62g (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-23)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0945]

Table 214

[0946]

Chemical Formula

[0947] <Mixture Example S62h (Stabilized with Compound of Formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0948]

Table 215

[0949] <Mixture Example S62i (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0950]

Table 216

[0951] <Example M63> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0952]

Table 217

[0953] <Mixture Example S63 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0954]

Table 218

[0955] <Mixture Example S63a (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0956]

Table 219

[0957] <Mixture Example S63b (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0958]

Table 220

[0959] <Mixture Example S63c (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0960]

Table 221

[0961] <Mixture Example S63d (Stabilized with Compounds of Formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0962]

Table 222

[0963] <Mixture Example S63e (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-23)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0964] [Table 223]

[0965] <Mixture Example S63f (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-22)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0966] [Table 224]

[0967] <Mixture Example S63g (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-22)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0968] [Table 225]

[0969] <Mixture Example S63h (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-22)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0970] [Table 226]

[0971] <Mixture Example S63i (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-7)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0972]

Table 227

[0973] <Example M64> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0974]

Table 228

[0975] <Mixture Example S64 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0976]

Table 229

[0977] <Example M65> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0978]

Table 230

[0979] <Mixture Example S65 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0980]

Table 231

[0981] <Example M66> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0982]

Table 232

[0983] <Mixture Example S66 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0984]

Table 233

[0985] <Example M67> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0986]

Table 234

[0987] <Mixture Example S67 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0988]

Table 235

[0989] <Example M68> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0990]

Table 236

[0991] <Mixture Example S68 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0992]

Table 237

[0993] <Mixture Example S68a (Stabilized with the Compound of Formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0994]

Table 238

[0995] <Example M69> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[0996]

Table 239

[0997] <Mixture Example S69 (Stabilized with the Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[0998]

Table 240

[0999] <Mixture Example S69a (Stabilized with the Compound of Formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1000]

Table 241

[1001] <Example M70> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1002]

Table 242

[1003] <Mixture Example S70 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1004] [Table 243]

[1005] <Mixture Example S70a (Stabilized with Compound of Formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1006] [Table 244]

[1007] <Example M71> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1008] [Table 245]

[1009] <Mixture Example S71 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1010] [Table 246]

[1011] <Mixture Example S71a (Stabilized with Compound of Formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1012] [Table 247]

[1013] <Example M72> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1014] [Table 248]

[1015] <Mixture Example S72 (stabilized with compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1016] [Table 249]

[1017] <Mixture Example S72a (stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1018] [Table 250]

[1019] <Example M73> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1020] [Table 251]

[1021] <Mixture Example S73 (stabilized with compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1022] [Table 252]

[1023] <Mixture Example S73a (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1024] [Table 253]

[1025] <Example M74> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1026] [Table 254]

[1027] <Mixture Example S74 (Stabilized with the compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1028] [Table 255]

[1029] <Mixture Example S74a (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1030] [Table 256]

[1031] <Example M75> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1032] [Table 257]

[1033] <Mixture Example S75 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1034] [Table 258]

[1035] <Example M76> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1036] [Table 259]

[1037] <Mixture Example S76 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1038] [Table 260]

[1039] <Example M77> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1040] [Table 261]

[1041] <Mixture Example S77 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1042] [Table 262]

[1043] <Example M78> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1044]

Table 263

[1045] <Mixture Example S78 (stabilized with compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1046]

Table 264

[1047] <Example M79> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1048]

Table 265

[1049] <Mixture Example S79 (stabilized with compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1050]

Table 266

[1051] <Example M80> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1052]

Table 267

[1053] <Mixture Example S80 (stabilized with compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1054] [Table 268]

[1055] <Example M81> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1056] [Table 269]

[1057] <Mixture Example S81 (stabilized with compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1058] [Table 270]

[1059] <Example M82> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1060] [Table 271]

[1061] <Mixture Example S82 (stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1062] [Table 272]

[1063] <Example M83> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1064]

Table 273

[1065] <Mixture Example S83 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1066]

Table 274

[1067] <Example M84> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1068]

Table 275

[1069] <Mixture Example S84 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1070]

Table 276

[1071] <Mixture Example S84a (Stabilized with the compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-22)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1072]

Table 277

[1073] <Mixture Example S84b (Stabilized with the compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-22)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1074]

Table 278

[1075] <Example M85> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1076]

Table 279

[1077] <Mixture Example S85 (stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1078]

Table 280

[1079] <Mixture Example S85a (stabilized with the compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-22)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1080]

Table 281

[1081] <Mixture Example S85b (stabilized with the compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-22)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1082]

Table 282

[1083] <Example M86> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1084]

Table 283

[1085]

Chem.

[1086] <Mixture Example S86 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1087]

Table 284

[1088] <Example M87> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1089]

Table 285

[1090]

Chem.

[1091] <Mixture Example S87 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1092]

Table 286

[1093] <Example M88> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1094]

Table 287

[1095]

Chem.

[1096] <Mixture Example S88 (Stabilized with the Compound of Formula ST-1-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1097]

Table 288

[1098] <Example M89> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1099]

Table 289

[1100]

Chem.

[1101] <Mixture Example S89 (Stabilized with the Compounds of Formula ST-1-3 and H-3-7)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1102]

Table 290

[1103] <Example M90> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1104]

Table 291

[1105]

Chem.

[1106] <Mixture Example S90 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulae ST-1-3 and H-3-22)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1107]

Table 292

[1108] <Example M91> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1109]

Table 293

[1110]

Chem.

[1111] <Mixture Example S91 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulae ST-1-3 and H-3-23)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1112]

Table 294

[1113] <Example M92> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1114]

Table 295

[1115] [Chemical]

[1116] <Mixture Example S92 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-1-3 and H-3-7)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1117] [Table 296]

[1118] <Example M93> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1119] [Table 297]

[1120] <Mixture Example S93 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1121] [Table 298]

[1122] <Example M94> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1123] [Table 299]

[1124] [Chemical]

[1125] <Mixture Example S94 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-1-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1126]

Table 300

[1127] <Example M95> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1128]

Table 301

[1129]

Chemical formula

[1130] <Mixture Example S95 (stabilized with compounds of formula ST-2-3 and H-3-23)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1131]

Table 302

[1132] <Example M96> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1133]

Table 303

[1134]

Chemical formula

[1135] <Mixture Example S96 (stabilized with the compound of formula ST-1-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1136]

Table 304

[1137] <Example M97> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1138]

Table 305

[1139]

Chemical formula

[1140] <Mixture Example S97 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-2-3)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1141]

Table 306

[1142] <Example M98> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1143]

Table 307

[1144]

Chemical formula

[1145] <Mixture Example S98 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-4-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1146]

Table 308

[1147]

Chem.

[1148] <Example M99> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1149]

Table 309

[1150] <Mixture Example S99 (Stabilized with the compound of formula ST-4-2)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1151]

Table 310

[1152]

Chem.

[1153] <Example M100> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1154]

Table 311

[1155]

Chem.

[1156] <Mixture Example S100 (Stabilized with the compounds of formula ST-4-2 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1157]

Table 312

[1158] <Example M101> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1159]

Table 313

[1160]

Chemical formula

[1161] <Mixture Example S101 (stabilized with compounds of formula ST-4-1 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1162]

Table 314

[1163] <Example M102> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1164]

Table 315

[1165]

Chemical formula

[1166] <Mixture Example S102 (stabilized with compounds of formula ST-1-3 and H-3-7)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1167]

Table 316

[1168] <Example M103> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1169]

Table 317

[1170] <Mixture Example S103 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-4-1 and H-3-7)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1171]

Table 318

[1172] <Example M104> The nematic LC medium is formulated as follows.

[1173]

Table 319

[1174]

Chemical Formula

[1175] <Mixture Example S104 (Stabilized with Compounds of Formulas ST-2-3 and H-3-1)> The nematic LC mixture according to the present invention is formulated as follows.

[1176]

Table 320

Claims

1. A liquid crystal medium, characterized by containing one or more compounds of formula I, one or more antioxidants and optionally one or more light stabilizers. 【Chemical 1】 (In the formula, each substituent is the same or different at each occurrence and each independently has the following meaning: R ０ is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, in which one or more CH ２ groups are arranged so that O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and is selected from the group consisting of -C≡C-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, 【Chemical 2】 -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- and may be substituted, and one or more H atoms in the group may be substituted by a halogen atom; X ０ is a halogen atom, -CN, -SCN, -NCS, or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 6 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms in the group are substituted with halogen atoms; L １ and L ２ are each independently H, F or Cl, provided that L １ and L ２ do not simultaneously represent H; Y ０ is H or CH ３ .)

2. The medium according to claim 1, characterized in that the one or more antioxidants are compounds of formula ST. 【Chemical Formula 3】 (In the formula, each substituent has the following meaning: X ２１ and X ２２ each independently represents —O—, —CH ２ —, —CHR ２３ — or —N—R ２３ —; R ２１ and R ２２ are each independently of the other an H atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 C atoms, an alkenyl, alkynyl, alkenyloxy or alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 12 C atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 C atoms (in which one or more non-adjacent CH ２ groups are such that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, —C≡C—, —CF ２ O—, —OCF ２ —, —CH═CH—, 【Chemical 4】 -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- and may be substituted, and one or more H atoms in the group may be substituted by a halogen atom.) Or a cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy group having 3 to 12 C atoms (one or more H atoms in the group may be substituted by a halogen atom.); R ２３ represents an H atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 C atoms; r represents 0 or 1.)

3. The medium according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the one or more light stabilizers are compounds of formula H. 【Chemical Formula 5】 (In the formula, R １１ each independently represents an H atom, F, or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, wherein in the group, one or more CH ２ groups are such that O and N atoms are not directly linked to each other, and are -C≡C-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, 【Chemical Formula 6】 -O-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -NR １３ -, -CO-NR １３ - or -NR １３ - may be substituted with -CO-, and in the group, one H atom or a plurality of H atoms may be F, OR １３ , N(R １３ )(R １４ ) or R １５ and may be substituted; R １２ is, independently of each other, an H atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms (in which one or more CH ２ groups are such that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, —C≡C—, —CF ２ O—, —OCF ２ —, —CH═CH—, 【Chemical 7】 -O-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -NR １３ -, -CO-NR １３ - or -NR １３ - may be substituted with -CO-.), a hydrocarbon group containing a cycloalkyl or alkylcycloalkyl group (in which one or more CH ２ groups are such that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, -C≡C-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, 【Chemical 8】 -O-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -NR １３ -, -CO-NR １３ - or -NR １３ - may be substituted with -CO-, and in the group, one H atom or a plurality of H atoms are F, OR １３ , N(R １３ )(R １４ ) or R １５ ).) or an aromatic or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon group (in the group, one H atom or a plurality of H atoms are OR １３ , N(R １３ )(R １４ ) or R １５ ).) represents; R １３ 、 R １４ and R １５ each independently represents an alkyl or acyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon or carboxylic acid group having 6 to 12 C atoms, and in the group, one or more CH ２ groups are such that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, and are -C≡C-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, 【Chemical Formula 9】 -O-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -NR １３ -, -CO-NR １３ - or -NR １３ may be substituted with -CO-; R １６ is, independently of one another, an H atom, an alkyl group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 C atoms (in which group, one or more CH ２ groups are such that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, —C≡C—, —CF ２ O—, —OCF ２ —, —CH═CH—, 【Chemical Formula 10】 -O-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -NR １３ -, -CO-NR １３ - or -NR １３ - may be substituted with -CO-. An O-cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 C atoms, O ・ or OH represents; R １７ is, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a single bond, provided that R １７ is S １１ and may form a ring structure together; S １１ and S １２ each independently has an alkylene group having 1 to 20 C atoms (in the group, one or more CH ２ groups are such that O and N atoms are not directly linked to each other, —C≡C—, —CF ２ O—, —OCF ２ —, —CH═CH—, 【Chemical 11】 -O-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -NR １３ -, -CO-NR １３ - or -NR １３ - may be substituted by -CO-, and in the group, one H atom or a plurality of H atoms may be F, OR １３ , N(R １３ )(R １４ ), or R １５ and may be substituted by; or represents a single bond; Y １１ to Y １４ each independently represents methyl or ethyl; X １１ is C; Z １１ ~Z １４ each independently represents -O-, -(C=O)-, -O-(C=O)-, -(C=O)-O-, -O-(C=O)-O-, -(NR １３ )-, -NR １３ -(C=O)-, -(C=O)-NR １３ - or a single bond, and when S １１ is a single bond, both Z １１ and Z １２ do not simultaneously represent -O-; when S １２ is a single bond, both Z １３ and Z １４ do not simultaneously represent -O-; when q represents 0, both Z １２ and Z １３ do not simultaneously represent -O-; p is 1 or 2; q is 0 or 1; o is (3 - p); n is an integer from 1 to 10; m is an integer from 0 to 8; provided that n×p is an integer from 1 to 10, preferably from 3 to 8, and 【Chemical 12】 is an organic partial structure having (m + n) binding sites.)

4. The medium according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the one or more compounds of formula I are selected from the following: 【Chemical 13】 (In the formula, R ０ is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, in which one or more CH ２ groups are such that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, and is -C≡C-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH- 【Chemical Formula 14】 -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- and may be substituted, and one or more H atoms in the group may be substituted by a halogen atom; X ０ is an F atom or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 3 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 or 3 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms in the group are substituted with F atoms; and Y ０ is H or CH ３ .)

5. The medium according to claim 3, characterized in that the one or more compounds of formula H are selected from the following: 【Chemical Formula 15】 【Chemical 16】 【Chemical 17】 (In the formula, R １１ is, independently of one another, an H atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, in which one or more CH ２ groups are arranged such that O atoms are not directly linked to each other, and is selected from the group consisting of -C≡C-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, 【Chemical 18】 -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- and may be substituted, and one H atom or a plurality of H atoms in the group may be substituted with F, OR １３ , N(R １３ )(R １４ ) or R １５ ; R １６ is either an H atom or an O ・ atom; S １１ and S １２ each independently has an alkylene group having 1 to 20 C atoms (in this group, one or more CH ２ groups are arranged so that O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and -C≡C-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH- 【Chemical Formula 19】 -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- and may be substituted, and one H atom or a plurality of H atoms in the group is F, OR １３ , N(R １３ )(R １４ ) or R １５ and may be substituted.) or a single bond; and n is an integer from 0 to 8.)

6. The medium according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by containing one or more compounds selected from the following formulas. 【Chemical 20】 【Chemical 21】 (In the formula, each substituent has the following meaning: "alkyl" and "alkyl ＊ " each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, "alkenyl" and "alkenyl" ＊ " are each, independently of one another, alkenyl groups having 2 to 6 C atoms.)

7. The medium according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by containing one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas. 【Chemical 22】 (In the formula, R １ and R ２ are each, independently of one another, n-alkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkenyl having up to 6 C atoms each, and L １ represents H, F, or Cl.)

8. The medium according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by containing one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas. 【Chemical 23】 (In the formula, each substituent has the following meaning: 【Chemical 24】 【Chemical Formula 25】 In the formula, R ０ 、L １ ~L ６ 、X ０ and Y ０ each have the meaning given to R ０ 、L １ 、L ２ 、X ０ and Y ０ in claim 1, respectively.)

9. The medium according to claim 8, wherein the at least one compound of formula II is selected from the following sub-formulas. 【Chemical 26】 【Chemical 27】 (wherein R ０ and X ０ have the meanings given by formula II.)

10. The medium according to claim 8, wherein the at least one compound of formula III is selected from the following sub-formulas. 【Chemical 28】 【Chemical Formula 29】 【Chemical 30】 【Chemical 31】 (wherein R ０ and X ０ have the meanings given by formula III.)

11. The medium according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the following formulas. 【Chemical Formula 32】 (wherein R ０ , X ０ , L １ , L ２ and Y ０ have the meanings given in claim 1, L ３ and L ４ each independently has one of the meanings given to L １ and has Z ０ is -C ２ H ４ -, -(CH ２ ) ４ -, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -C ２ F ４ -, --CH ２ CF ２ -, -CF ２ CH ２ -, -CH ２ O-, -OCH ２ -, -COO-, -CF ２ O- or -OCF ２ -, and in Formulas V and VI also represents a single bond, and s represents 0 or 1.)

12. The medium according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the following formulas. 【Chemical 33】 (wherein R ０ , L １ ~ L ４ , X ０ and Y ０ have the meanings given to R ０ , L １ , L ２ , X ０ and Y ０ in claim 1, respectively.)

13. The medium according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the following formulas. 【Chemical 34】 (In the formula, 【Chemical 35】 and wherein, R １ and X ０ each have the meanings given to R ０ and X ０ in claim 1, respectively.)

14. The medium according to any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising at least one compound of formula I, at least one antioxidant and optionally at least one light stabilizer and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, II, III, IV, VI, XIV, XX, XII, XXIII, XXIX, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc.

15. The medium according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising at least one compound of formula I, at least one antioxidant and optionally at least one light stabilizer and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of formulas LP1 and / or LP2.

16. The medium according to any one of claims 1 to 15, comprising at least one compound of formula I, at least one antioxidant and optionally at least one light stabilizer and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of formulas XXIX, XXX and XXVIIIa.

17. A method for preparing the liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein at least one antioxidant and at least one light stabilizer are mixed with at least one mesogenic compound and optionally at least one polymerizable compound and / or at least one additive.

18. Use of the liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 16 for electro-optical purposes.

19. An electro-optical liquid crystal display or AR / VR headset comprising the liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

20. The electro-optical liquid crystal display according to claim 19, characterized in that it is a TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-HB-FFS, PS-XB-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA or positive PS-VA display.

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