Watch, measuring instrument, mechanical movement, metal shaft for mechanical movement or meter, and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

To provide a watch mechanism, a watch, a measuring instrument, and a shaft having the minimum influence on environment.SOLUTION: A mechanical watch or a measuring instrument has metal components. The components of a mechanical watch mechanism include: one or more shaft components 21, 24, 26 having a relative magnetic permeability of less than 1.01, formed of beryllium copper, and hardened by a coating applied to the beryllium copper and increasing the hardness of the beryllium copper, or formed of non-magnetic stainless steel; a crown component formed of non-magnetic stainless steel; a spring, a bridge, a stud support, and / or a tourbillon component formed of a first alloy including cobalt, chromium, iron, and nickel as main components; an escape wheel and / or an anchor component formed of a first alloy or silicon; a spiral spring component of a balance with hairspring formed of the silicone; and a screw component formed of a titanium alloy.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a clock mechanism, a timepiece, and a measuring device that does not have magnetic properties, as well as to a method for manufacturing the same. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a shaft. [Background technology]

[0002] There are certain situations where magnetism is undesirable or even dangerous, for example explosives. In the field of detonation, even a weak magnetic field is sufficient to trigger a bomb or mine. Therefore, the NATO standard STANA for the testing of non-magnetic tools used in the field of explosives clearance has been established. G 2897 requires that the total magnetic strength be less than 5nT (nanotesla).

[0003] Electric or mechanical watches using metal parts according to the prior art necessarily have magnetic properties. The current in a digital or quartz watch generates a relatively high magnetic field in this situation. This creates a strong magnetic field. The metals in which it is used will always exhibit residual magnetism, which in itself will create excessively strong magnetic properties. Such residual magnetism is caused by the magnetic fields we are exposed to in our daily lives, which magnetize metal parts. As a result, the metal parts will exhibit residual magnetism even in the absence of a magnetic field. The watch cannot be worn in situations where it is subject to influence.

[0004] However, the watch industry is facing the problem of reducing the influence of magnetic fields on the operation of mechanical watches. The impact of clocks on the environment is a lesser known issue, as most studies have focused solely on clocks. To date, no wristwatches are known to meet the STANAG 2897 standard.

[0005] To solve the problem of reducing the influence of magnetic fields on the operation of mechanical watches, The use of non-magnetic materials with a relative permeability of less than 1.01 for some moving parts is a patent document. However, not all parts of a watch mechanism are non-magnetic. The solution disclosed there ensures good functionality of the watch in magnetic fields. The remaining moving parts of the watch, which have a magnetic permeability greater than 1.01, and / or non-moving parts It is inevitable that moving parts will exhibit residual magnetism after leaving the magnetic field, especially drive shafts. No solution is disclosed regarding the use of non-magnetic materials.

[0006] Patent Document 2 describes a non-magnetic material made of plastic injection molding, bronze, or beryllium copper. These proposed non-magnetic materials are not sufficiently precise. It's too soft to achieve the desired quality.

[0007] In addition to overlooking the issue of non-magnetic watches, watchmakers are also Known non-magnetic metals are subject to limitations in terms of workability, wear, hardness, and interaction with other components in the watch mechanism. Therefore, metal watch mechanisms are often replaced with non-magnetic metals. This is especially true for drive shafts. This is true for various small parts such as rolled springs, etc. For example, the beryllium copper proposed in Patent Document 2 is The softness of the strap is too soft to meet many of the Swiss watch industry standards (NIHS). For example, the shocks specified in the NIHS 91-10 standard (revised 2016 edition) The teeth of the pinion of the drive shaft bend. Also, the forces acting on the mechanism of the clockwork are The pinion tenon and teeth are too large for the drive shaft, which is made of beryllium copper. The engagement area will wear out in a short time and will no longer meet the precision required by the NIHS standard. Such wear and tear can cause such watches to lose their date regardless of whether the watch is exposed to a magnetic field. NIHS 90-10 standard (2003) for non-magnetic watches requiring an accuracy of 30 seconds The requirements of STANAG 2 (revised version) will soon be no longer met. Meets NIHS 91-10 impact resistance standards while meeting NIHS 897 standards, and / or 6 required by some standards such as NIHS 90-10 for non-magnetic watches No wristwatch is known to exhibit accuracy after months of use.

[0008] Similar problems occur in other instruments such as depth gauges, pressure gauges, speedometers, or altimeters. It occurs even if there is no one there. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] German Patent No. 1932257 [Patent Document 2] U.S. Patent No. 3,620,005 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] The aim is therefore to produce clock mechanisms, clocks, instruments and systems that have minimal impact on the environment. The key is to find the shaft. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The purpose is to provide a watch or instrument whose individual components all have a relative permeability of less than 1.01. This is achieved by the instrument.

[0012] The objective is to provide a clock mechanism whose individual components all have a relative permeability of less than 1.01. This is achieved by:

[0013] The object is to provide a magnetic field generator, in particular a pinion, for clockworks or measuring instruments, with a relative permeability of less than 1.01. This is achieved by a shaft that is a gyro shaft.

[0014] By using only individual components with a relative permeability of less than 1.01, clock mechanisms or Neither the clock nor the parts of the measuring instrument can be magnetized in a magnetic field. Such clock mechanisms do not exhibit residual magnetism, even after being subjected to strong magnetic fields. The influence of clock mechanisms in the environment is reduced.

[0015] Further advantageous embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.

[0016] In one exemplary embodiment, the mechanical clockwork, watch, or instrument is constructed of beryllium copper. The beryllium copper is hardened by a coating, preferably a nickel layer, which improves the hardness of the beryllium copper. At least one part made of this metal. is preferably a shaft for rotating other components. Such as a watch pinion shaft, which is non-magnetic and in the case of a watch mechanism is complex. The material is soft enough for cutting or milling the shaft shape. Preferably, the shaft is then hardened with a non-magnetic coating, so that first, the magnetic properties of the shaft are improved. secondly, to meet the wear, friction and precision requirements of the watch mechanism; The required hardness is achieved. It is not known in watchmaking, especially for pinion shafts. This material is characterized by its non-magnetic properties, good workability, and hardness. The shaft and other parts made up of the above shall not be used in clock mechanisms or measuring instruments other than those mentioned above. It can also be used in structures or measuring instruments.

[0017] In an exemplary embodiment, at least one part of a timepiece, a clock, or a measuring instrument The product is composed of an alloy primarily composed of cobalt, chromium, iron, and nickel. This material is not used in watchmaking due to its poor magnetic properties, and At least one part made of this alloy is characterized by excellent material properties for use in products. The articles are preferably springs, escape wheels, pallets, balance bridges, and in particular tourbillons of the watch mechanism. bridges that are tourbillon cage bridges and / or tourbillons (or parts thereof) In particular, the tourbillon cage of the tourbillon is effectively The springs, escape wheels and ankhs of clock mechanisms are made of this alloy. The valves, bridges, balance studs and / or tourbillon or other components The present invention may also be used in clock mechanisms or measuring instruments other than those described above.

[0018] In an exemplary embodiment, at least one part of a timepiece, a clock, or a measuring instrument The product is made of non-magnetic stainless steel. The non-magnetic stainless steel preferably contains more than 10% , preferably more than 15% chromium. At least one of the components is, for example, a clock mechanism. This material has the advantage of being rust-resistant and able to withstand great force. Non-magnetic stainless steel is not commonly used in watchmaking due to its poor workability. do not have.

[0019] In one exemplary embodiment, the clock mechanism or instrument has a housing constructed of titanium. Has.

[0020] In one exemplary embodiment, the clockwork is made of a copper alloy, in particular 7.5% nickel. and 5% tin. do.

[0021] In one exemplary embodiment, the clock mechanism comprises a main plate and at least one It has a bridge.

[0022] The present invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the following drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows a cross section of an exemplary embodiment of a timepiece mechanism. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 shows a first enlarged detail of FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 shows a second enlarged detail of FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 shows a three-dimensional view of an exemplary embodiment of a drive shaft. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 shows a cross section of an exemplary embodiment of a drive shaft. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 shows a three-dimensional view of an exemplary embodiment of the tent truth. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 shows a cross section of an exemplary embodiment of the tenon. [Figure 8]FIG. 8 shows a three-dimensional view of an exemplary embodiment of a pinion shaft. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 shows a cross section of an exemplary embodiment of a pinion shaft. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 shows a three-dimensional view of an exemplary embodiment of the anchor. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 shows a cross section of an exemplary embodiment of the pallet trunnion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] Hereinafter, a term referring to a material having a relative permeability of less than 1.01 or whose individual components have a relative permeability of less than 1.01 will be used. How is it possible to manufacture clocks, clock mechanisms, and clock mechanism shafts with relative magnetic permeability? Here, we explain how each individual part has a relative permeability of less than 1.0100. The relative permeability is preferably between 0.99 and 1.01. The timepiece is preferably a wristwatch or a pocket watch. However, this clock mechanism may be installed in other clocks. When referring to a relative permeability of less than 1.01, preferably less than 1.0100, means a material or part having

[0025] A clock mechanism includes a movement and optional additional mechanisms. 2 and 3 show an enlarged detail of FIG. 1, showing a cross section of an exemplary embodiment of a clock mechanism. It shows.

[0026] The movement includes a drive mechanism 1, a gear train 2, an escapement mechanism 3, and an oscillation mechanism 4.

[0027] The drive mechanism 1 stores energy for the operation of the clock mechanism and therefore To this end, the drive mechanism 1 is connected to the gear train 2. The energy storage device is preferably a spiral barrel. Preferably, the drive spring 11 is in the form of a magnetic spring. The drive spring 11 is preferably non-magnetic. The spiral drive spring 11 is made of Nivaflex® material. A drive shaft (barrel stem) 12 and a barrel 13 rotatably attached to the drive shaft 12. The winding mechanism rotates the drive shaft 12. The winding mechanism is preferably The automatic winding mechanism has a winding stem and / or an automatic winding train and an oscillating weight. 1 and 3 show the gear 14 of the winding mechanism that rotates the drive shaft 12. It shows.

[0028] The gear train 2 includes a combination of a shaft, a pinion, and a gear. This allows the ring gear of the drive mechanism 1, particularly the peripheral side of the barrel 13, to be connected to the escapement mechanism 3 at a specific transmission ratio. Each of the shafts having at least one pinion is connected to a pinion shaft. Preferably, at least one pinion and The shaft and the shaft are machined, preferably milled, from a single block of material. The gear is connected to the pinion shaft or shaft so as to rotate integrally. The on-shaft 21 is connected to the drive mechanism 1 by its pinion 22, while the gear train 2 The gear 27 of the output shaft 26 is engaged with the escapement mechanism 3. The gear train 2 may be, for example, three Shafts 21, 24, and 26 and three teeth fixed to the shafts 21, 24, and 26 However, more or fewer shafts and More complex or simple gear trains with gears are also possible.

[0029] The escapement mechanism 3 is disposed between the train wheel 2 and the oscillation mechanism 4, so that the train wheel 2 Each time the vibration mechanism 4 performs a predetermined vibration, the rotation proceeds by a predetermined rotation angle. The escapement mechanism 3 preferably has an escape wheel 31 and an escapement part 32, which is, for example, a pallet. The escape wheel 31 is fixed to the escape shaft 33 so as to rotate integrally with it, and is rotatably attached. The escapement pinion 33 is rotated by the escapement pinion 33 attached to the gear train 2. The pallet fork 32 is connected to a gear 27 of the output shaft 26. The pallet fork 32 rotates on the pallet fork 34. It is fixed as one piece and can be rotated by the pallet 34 which is rotatably mounted The anchor 32 prevents the rotation of the escape wheel 31 caused by the drive spring 11. In addition, once or twice per oscillation of the oscillating mechanism 4, a predetermined rotation of the escape wheel 31 or the gear train 2 occurs. To allow the angle to rotate, the escape wheel 31 is released. The anchor 32 has a locking mechanism with the escape wheel 31. At the contact points, precious stone claws, preferably composed of (synthetic) ruby, are preferably placed. However, the claw stones may also be made of metal, for example, Phynox, as described below. The prongs can be made of silicon or silicon. Depending on the escapement mechanism, the anchors 32 may be formed integrally with each other. It may also be made up of several rotatable parts and / or the escape wheel 31 may also be made up of several rotatable parts. It can be made up of multiple parts that can rotate relative to the axis of rotation.

[0030] The oscillatory mechanism 4 oscillates at a fixed cycle time, and once or twice per oscillation, it engages the escapement mechanism 3 Alternatively, by releasing the anchor 32, a predetermined rotation is caused in the train wheel 2 or the escape wheel 31. Preferably, the vibration mechanism 4 comprises a rotatably mounted balance shaft 41 and a spiral spring ( The balance 41 generally has an impulse jewel. The balance shaft 41 and the balance shaft, or the balance shaft and the impulse stone, or All three of these can be integrally formed from one block of material. However, it is also possible to form all three parts from three blocks of material. In one exemplary embodiment, the pendulum seat is made of hardened beryllium copper, silicon, and It consists of Declafor, which will be described later, and Phynox or Nivaflex, which will be described later. For pendulums made of Phynox or Silicon, the pendulum is made from the same block of material. The orbicularis can be made of gemstones, preferably (synthetic) ruby, silicon, or The balance wheel is made up of, for example, Declafor, which will be described later. , which are made of hardened beryllium copper, or brass, as described below.

[0031] Shafts listed (and not listed) for rotating attachment of components ) is preferably made of a hardened copper alloy, which is preferably beryllium-free. Beryllium copper preferably contains lead. The copper alloy preferably contains 1.8% ~2% beryllium (Be), 0.2%~0.6% lead (Pb), less than 1.1% other substances The rest is copper (Cu). Less than 1.1% of other materials is preferably copper. The total content of balt (Co) and nickel (Ni) is 0.2% or more, and cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni) The total content of nickel (Ni) and iron (Fe) is 0.6% or less, and other substances are 0.5% or less (Percentage of the total weight of the alloy) The above and following percentages of the alloy's substance content Unless otherwise specified, always refers to weight percent. From the material block, the desired shaft is machined, preferably by rotary milling. To obtain a high surface roughness, it is preferable to use diamond as a cutting tool. The hardness of this material is only about 380HV (Vickers hardness). The material is easily machineable, which is particularly important for the pinion shaft. This is important for rotationally asymmetric elements such as pinions. After forming the desired shaft, Preferably, a polishing step is carried out, which is preferably a chemical mechanical polishing step. The shaft is then coated with a second material (or a material different from beryllium copper) This second material is preferably made hard by applying a non-magnetic layer. Preferably, the coating applied is an amorphous metal (also called a lath alloy). thicker than 0.5 μm (micrometers), preferably thicker than 2.5 μm, preferably The thickness is greater than 5 μm, preferably greater than 7 μm. Preferably, the second material The hardened layer is formed at least in the region of the pivot and / or the pinion teeth. In the simplest case, the entire shaft is made of a second material. The shaft coated with the second material is preferably To further harden the coating, precipitation hardening (age hardening) is performed. This is done by heat treatment. Nickel is preferably used as the non-magnetic layer. can be applied, for example, by electroplating and / or chemical nickel plating. Nickel layers are known in the watch industry as magnetic materials and are not used as non-magnetic materials. However, nickel can be formed and applied as a non-magnetic layer. This can be achieved, for example, by an amorphous nickel layer. Alternatively, the non-magnetic layer may be a nickel layer with phosphorus added, preferably with a phosphorus content of more than 10%. Additionally or alternatively, the non-magnetic layer may be a chemical nickel layer. This can also be achieved by nickel plating. To achieve a hardness, preferably a hardness of more than 700 HV, preferably a hardness of more than 800 HV. The formed shaft made of the above copper alloy is chemically plated with nickel to a thickness of 3 μm. The shaft thus produced has a hardness of about 900 HV. Good formability of the front shaft, necessary for the watch mechanism to operate with low wear and high precision. It has the optimal combination of hardness after coating of the tip and non-magnetic properties of the shaft.

[0032] The drive shaft 12 (Fig. 4 and and 5), balance shaft 41 (Figs. 6 and 7), central pinion shaft 21 (Figs. 8 and 9) An example of the anchor 34 (FIGS. 10 and 11) is shown in FIGS. The core 5 of each shaft is made from a single block of material made of beryllium copper. The core 5 is coated with a non-magnetic coating 6, preferably of nickel.

[0033] In another exemplary embodiment, at least one of the shafts described above (and shafts not described) may be At least one of the wires is made of a non-magnetic material other than beryllium copper, and for the above-mentioned hardening, It is coated with a non-magnetic nickel coating to prevent damage.

[0034] Preferably, some or all of their shafts are made of (synthetic) ruby. The shafts of these are preferably rotated between the main plate and the bridge. The base plate and bridges are preferably CuZn38Pb2 It is preferably constructed of brass, which is particularly suitable for the shaft as described above. It is hardened by a coating, which is a nickel coating, or protected by gold plating, Either one.

[0035] Preferably, at least one shaft, in particular the winding stem, and / or the crown are preferably It is made of non-magnetic stainless steel. Such stainless steel is extremely rare. Both are extremely difficult to process and have not been known in the watch industry until now. Stainless steel is used, for example, in the field of medical technology. High-strength stainless steels are those with a chromium (Cr) content of more than 10%, preferably more than 15%. An example is stainless steel X2CrNiMo 18-15-3 (DIN (Deutsche Industrie Norm) ) abbreviation), which means that it contains less than 0.03% carbon (C), less than 0.75% silicon (S i), manganese (Mn) less than 2%, phosphorus (P) less than 0.025%, 0.003% of sulfur (S), 17% to 19% of chromium (Cr), 2.7% to 3% of molybdenum (Mo) , 13% to 15% nickel (Ni), 0.5% or less copper (Cu), 0.1% or less nitrogen The remaining iron (Fe) is composed of chromium. Another example is the stainless steel known under the trade name Biodur 108 (UNS S29108). Steel, which contains less than 0.08% carbon (C), less than 0.75% silicon (Si), 21% to 24% manganese (Mn), 0.03% or less phosphorus (P), 0.01% or less sulfur Yellow (S), 19% to 23% chromium (Cr), 0.5% to 1.5% molybdenum (Mo) , 0.1% or less of nickel (Ni), 0.25% or less of copper (Cu), 0.9% or less of nitrogen (N), and the remainder iron (Fe).

[0036] The pallet, escape wheel and springs used in the clock mechanism are (unless otherwise stated) Iron, nickel, chromium, and cobalt (preferably also molybdenum and manganese ) as the main component. Preferably, the alloy is composed of the following elements: : 39%~41% Cobalt (Co), 19%~21% Chromium (Cr), 15%~18% % Nickel (Ni), 6.5%~7.5% Molybdenum (Mo), 1.5%~2.5% manganese (Mn), less than 3% of other substances, and the balance iron. Preferably less than 3% Other substances contained in the water include less than 0.15% carbon (C), less than 1.2% silicon (Si), and 0. Beryllium (Be) less than 0.001%, Phosphorus (P) less than 0.015%, Contains sulphur (S) (as a percentage of the total alloy weight). This material is manufactured under the trademark Phynox. Preferably, parts molded from this material are resistant to corrosion before, during, and after molding. / Or after forming, the part is subjected to precipitation hardening (age hardening) to harden it. Therefore, despite using non-magnetic materials, the hardness is over 500HV, especially about 600HV. Preferably, the part is milled, for example by CNC milling, before hardening. The platen is used for rough forming, followed by hardening and then fine forming. After that, it is preferable to further perform chemical mechanical polishing.

[0037] The pallet and escape wheel may alternatively be made of silicon.

[0038] Also, screws, which are usually made of steel, cannot be used in non-magnetic watches. In one exemplary embodiment, the screw is made of a titanium alloy. The alloy used is titanium (3.7165 / DIN, TiAl6V4), which, in addition to titanium, 5.5%~6.75% Aluminum (Al), 3.5%~4.5% Vanadium, 2% Preferably, less than 2% of other substances are present, and less than 0.3% of other substances are present. Iron (Fe), less than 0.2% oxygen (O), less than 0.05% nitrogen (N), less than 0.08% Contains less than 0.015% carbon (C) and less than 0.015% hydrogen (H) (percentage of the total alloy weight). Preferably, parts molded from this material are treated with this material before, during, and / or after molding. In order to harden the parts, precipitation hardening is performed. This allows the parts to be hardened even though they are made of non-magnetic materials. Nevertheless, hardnesses of more than 250 HV, especially about 350 HV, can be achieved. The hardened part is then preferably subjected to a further chemical mechanical polishing.

[0039] The barrel and the gear train are preferably made of Declafor®, i.e. It consists of a copper alloy containing nickel and tin, more specifically 7.5% nickel ( Ni), 5% tin (Sn), less than 1.85% other materials, and the remainder copper (Cu) Copper alloys containing less than 1.85% of other substances, for example, 0.05% to 0.3% of manganese. Manganese (Mn), less than 0.5% zinc (Zn), less than 0.5% iron (Fe), 0.03% Contains the following: lead (Pb), 0.02% or less of phosphorus (P), and 0.5% or less of other substances Preferably, parts molded from this material are molded before, during, and / or after molding. In order to harden this part, precipitation hardening is performed. This allows the part to be made of non-magnetic material. Despite this, hardnesses of over 250 HV, especially about 320 HV, can be achieved. The formed and hardened parts are then further chemically mechanically polished and / or gold plated. It is preferable to do so.

[0040] The described timepiece mechanism is preferably installed in a timepiece, in particular in a wristwatch or pocket watch. For this purpose, if the case and / or wristband are made of metallic material, It is preferable to use, for example, the above-mentioned titanium alloy.

[0041] The materials described herein were used to meet STANAG 2897 standards while also complying with NIH We were able to build a watch that meets the S 91-10 shock resistance standard. Such a watch has a NIHS 90-10 rating, even after 10 minutes in a 100,000 gauss magnetic field. It has been proven to exhibit an accuracy of less than 30 seconds per day, as required by the standard.

[0042] [Industrial Applicability] Although an exemplary embodiment of a timepiece has been described, the present invention is not limited to the gear mechanism, gears, and the like. Any other measuring device having mechanical functional parts such as a device, pointer, shaft, pinion shaft The same can be applied to measuring instruments. Examples of such instruments are depth gauges, pressure gauges, and speed gauges. , an altimeter.

Claims

1. A metal shaft for a mechanical movement or instrument with a relative magnetic permeability of less than 1.

01. So, The shafts (12, 21, 24, 26, 33, 34, 41) are made of beryllium copper (5). The beryllium copper (5) is hardened by a coating, or the coating is hardened by the beryllium copper (5). Copper (5) Metal shaft.

2. The beryllium copper (5) contains at least 0.2% lead. The metal shaft according to claim 1 .

3. The coating (6) is a nickel layer The metal shaft according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The nickel layer has a phosphorus content of 10% or more. The metal shaft according to claim 3.

5. The nickel layer is a chemical nickel layer The metal shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The coating (6) is an amorphous metal The metal shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The shaft is a pinion shaft (21, 24, 26, 33). The metal shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The pinion shafts (21, 24, 26, 33) are made from one block of material. A pinion (22) and a shaft The metal shaft according to claim 7.

9. The shafts (12, 21, 24, 26, 32, 33, 41) can rotate the balance a balance shaft (41) supporting the balance shaft, and an anchor shaft (34) supporting the anchor (32) rotatably; , a drive shaft (12) that rotatably supports the drive mechanism (1) or the winding mechanism It is a winding stem that can be supported The metal shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A mechanical movement having a plurality of metal parts, Each component of the mechanical movement has a relative magnetic permeability of less than 1.01, and The movement is a shaft (12, 21, 24, 26, 33, 34, 41) according to claim 1. has at least one Mechanical movement.

11. The beryllium copper (5) of the shaft (12, 21, 24, 26, 33, 34, 41) Contains at least 0.2% lead 3. The mechanical movement according to claim 2.

12. Mechanical movement according to claim 10 or 11, wherein said coating (6) is a nickel layer. 。

13. At least one part, in particular a spring, an escape wheel, a pallet, a balance bolster and / or The tourbillon is made from an alloy primarily composed of cobalt, chromium, iron and nickel. A mechanical movement according to any one of claims 10 to 12.

14. A watch or gauge having a plurality of individual parts, at least some of which are made of metal, All discrete components have a relative permeability less than 1.01; The clock or instrument has at least one shaft according to claim 1. Clock or instrument.

15. A mechanical movement in which each part is made of metal at least in part, and each part has a relative magnetic permeability of less than 1.

01. Manufacture of a mechanical movement component, said mechanical movement comprising a shaft (12, 21, 24, 26, 33, 34, 41), Assembling the individual parts to create a mechanical movement A method for manufacturing a mechanical movement, comprising: The shafts (12, 21, 24, 26, 33, 34, 41) are made of beryllium copper (5). The beryllium copper (5) is made of a material having a hardening coating or is coated with a hardening coating. What is to be done A method for manufacturing a mechanical movement, including:

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