Heat resistant member

Abstract

To provide a heat resistant member capable of improving heat transfer efficiency without receiving limitation of a heatproof temperature of a fastening member even when the fastening member is made of metal having a heatproof temperature lower than that of a CMC material.SOLUTION: A heat resistant member made of a ceramics composite material and fastened to a fastening destination via a metallic fastening member includes a first heat conduction part containing a first fiber structure and a second heat conduction part containing a second fiber structure. The second heat conduction part includes a fastening part fastened to the fastening destination via the fastening member. Thermal conductivity of the second fiber structure is smaller than that of the first fiber structure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a heat-resistant member, for example, a heat-resistant member used in a combustor of a gas turbine. [Background technology]

[0002] A known example of a conventional heat-resistant member is the combustor liner disclosed in Patent Document 1. The combustor liner disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a connecting piece that rises from the panel body and is spaced apart from the panel body on the side of a panel made of ceramic composite material (hereinafter referred to as "CMC material"), where continuous fiber protrusions can be easily formed, and this connecting piece is connected to the outer wall, so that the components located at the connecting piece are isolated from the high-temperature combustion chamber by the panel body. This makes it possible to attach the panel to the outer wall using a connecting unit including a metal fixing member, thereby ensuring reliable connection of the panel to the outer wall. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6737895 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in the combustor liner disclosed in Patent Document 1, the fastening member, which is a fastening member, is made of a metal with a lower heat resistance temperature than the CMC material, and is heated through the connecting pieces in the panel. Therefore, the panel as a heat-resistant member is limited by the heat resistance temperature of the fastening member, and the heat transfer coefficient of the panel cannot be increased. However, if the heat transfer coefficient of the panel is limited, it becomes difficult to improve the heat transfer efficiency of the combustor liner.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a heat-resistant member that is not restricted by the heat-resistant temperature of fastening members, even if the fastening members are made of metals with a lower heat-resistant temperature than CMC materials, and that can improve heat transfer efficiency. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a heat-resistant component formed from a ceramic composite material and fastened to a fastening destination via a metal fastening member, the heat-resistant component comprising a first heat-conducting portion including a first fiber structure and a second heat-conducting portion including a second fiber structure, the second heat-conducting portion having a fastening portion fastened to the fastening destination via the fastening member, and the thermal conductivity of the second fiber structure being lower than the thermal conductivity of the first fiber structure.

[0007] In the present invention, the heat-resistant member includes a first heat-conducting portion including a first fiber structure and a second heat-conducting portion including a second fiber structure, and the second heat-conducting portion includes a fastening portion that is fastened to a fastening destination via a fastening member. The thermal conductivity of the second fiber structure is lower than that of the first fiber structure. The fastening portion including the second fiber structure is connected to the fastening destination via the fastening member, but the second heat-conducting portion including the second fiber structure has a lower thermal conductivity than the first heat-conducting portion including the first fiber structure. Therefore, even if the fastening member is made of a metal with a lower heat-resistance temperature than the CMC material, a temperature rise exceeding the heat-resistance temperature of the fastening member can be prevented. As a result, even if the fastening member is made of a metal with a lower heat-resistance temperature than the CMC material, the heat-resistance temperature of the heat-resistant member is not limited by the fastening member.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above heat-resistant member, the second fiber structure may be a fiber structure in which a plurality of first fiber layers are stacked in a stacking direction, and includes a first yarn made of reinforcing fiber and having a yarn main axis extending in a first direction, a second yarn made of the reinforcing fiber and having a yarn main axis extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and an interlayer bonding yarn made of the reinforcing fiber and having a yarn main axis extending in the second direction, wherein the plurality of first fiber layers include two or more first yarn layers in which the plurality of first yarns are arranged in the second direction, and a second yarn layer located between two of the first yarn layers in the stacking direction and in which the plurality of second yarns are arranged in the first direction, wherein the interlayer bonding yarn engages with the first yarn and bonds the plurality of first fiber layers in the stacking direction, and wherein a plurality of second fiber layers are stacked in the stacking direction, and the second fiber structure includes the first yarn and the second yarn, wherein the second fiber layer includes a plurality of the first yarn layers, and the second yarn engages with the first yarn. In this case, the first fiber structure is a fiber structure in which multiple first fiber layers are stacked in the stacking direction, and includes first yarns made of reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in the first direction, second yarns made of reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and interlayer bonding yarns made of reinforcing fibers and having a yarn main axis extending in the second direction, and the fiber structure has planar end faces in the stacking direction. The multiple first fiber layers include two or more first yarn layers in which multiple first yarns are arranged in the second direction, and a second yarn layer located between two first yarn layers in the stacking direction and in which multiple second yarns are arranged in the first direction, the interlayer bonding yarns engaging with the first yarns and bonding the multiple first fiber layers in the stacking direction. The second fiber structure is a fiber structure in which multiple second fiber layers are stacked in the stacking direction, and includes first yarns and second yarns. The second fiber layer has a plurality of first yarn layers in which a plurality of first yarns are arranged in a second direction, and the second yarns are engaged with the first yarns. Therefore, the second heat-conducting part having the second fiber structure can have a lower thermal conductivity than the first heat-conducting part having the first fiber structure.

[0009] In the heat-resistant member, the second fiber structure may have a fiber volume content lower than the fiber volume content of the first fiber structure. In this case, by making the fiber volume content of the second fiber structure smaller than the fiber volume content of the first fiber structure, the second heat conduction section having the second fiber structure can have a lower thermal conductivity than the first heat conduction section having the first fiber structure.

[0010] In addition, in the above-mentioned heat-resistant member, the first heat-conducting portion may be a flat panel body having the first fiber structure, and the second heat-conducting portion may be the fastening portion branched off from the panel body. In this case, the first heat-conducting portion is the panel body having the first fiber structure, and the second heat-conducting portion is a fastening portion branched off from the panel body, thereby increasing the heat-resistant temperature of the panel. Furthermore, although the fastening portion is fastened to the fastening destination via a fastening member, excessive temperature rise of the fastening member can be avoided because it is the second heat-conducting portion.

[0011] Furthermore, the heat-resistant member may be configured to include a connecting portion extending from the panel body in the extension direction of the panel body and spaced apart from the fastening portion in the thickness direction of the panel body, and the connecting portion may be the second heat-conducting portion. In this case, the connecting portion extends from the panel body in the extension direction of the panel body and is spaced apart from the fastening portion in the thickness direction of the panel body. Since the fastening portion and the connecting portion are the second heat conductive portion, the temperature rise of the fastening portion is further suppressed. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the present invention, a heat-resistant member can be provided that is not restricted by the heat-resistant temperature of the fastening member, even if the fastening member is made of a metal whose heat-resistant temperature is lower than that of a CMC material, and that can improve heat transfer efficiency. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1]1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a combustor including a panel according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a panel as a heat-resistant member in a combustor. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a first fibrous structure as a precursor. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first fibrous structure as a precursor. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a second fibrous structure as a precursor. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a second fiber structure. [Figure 7] 6. (a) is a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 6, and (b) is a view taken along the line BB in FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a stator blade as a heat resistant member according to a second embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a second fiber structure according to another example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] (First embodiment) A heat-resistant member according to a first embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. The heat-resistant member according to this embodiment is a heat-resistant panel that constitutes a part of a combustor liner used in a combustor equipped in a gas turbine engine. The gas turbine engine is, for example, a gas turbine engine used in an aircraft. The combustor has the function of mixing fuel with compressed air supplied from a compressor of the gas turbine engine, burning the fuel, and sending the high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gas generated by the combustion to a turbine to drive the turbine.

[0015] As shown in FIG. 1 , a combustor 10 includes a combustor housing 11 and a combustor liner 12. An annular internal space 13 is formed inside the combustor housing 11. The combustor liner 12 is disposed in the internal space 13. The combustor liner 12 includes an annular outer liner 14 and an annular inner liner 15 that is disposed concentrically inside the outer liner 14. An annular combustion chamber 16 is formed inside the combustor liner 12. A plurality of fuel injection units 17 are disposed at an end of the combustor liner 12 in the circumferential direction of the combustor liner 12. The fuel injection units 17 are for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber 16.

[0016] The annular internal space 13 of the combustor housing 11 communicates with an air intake passage 18. Compressed air CA supplied from a compressor (not shown) passes through the air intake passage 18 and is introduced into the internal space 13. The compressed air CA introduced into the internal space 13 is supplied to the fuel injection unit 17 and is also used as air for cooling the combustor liner 12. A fuel piping unit 19 is supported on the combustor housing 11. The fuel piping unit 19 is connected to the fuel injection unit 17. Fuel is supplied from the fuel piping unit 19 to the fuel injection unit 17. The combustor 10 of this embodiment is an annular type.

[0017] The combustor liner 12 will now be described. The outer liner 14 and inner liner 15 of the combustor liner 12 have a double-wall structure made up of an outer wall 21 and an inner wall 22. The outer wall 21 faces the internal space 13 of the combustor housing 11. The inner wall 22 faces the combustion chamber 16. The outer wall 21 is formed with a plurality of air inlet holes (not shown) through which cooling air passes. The outer wall 21 of the combustor liner 12 is the outer peripheral wall of the outer liner 14, and the inner wall 22 of the combustor liner 12 is the inner peripheral wall of the outer liner 14. The outer wall 21 of the combustor liner 12 is the inner peripheral wall of the inner liner 15, and the inner wall 22 of the combustor liner 12 is the outer peripheral wall of the inner liner 15. The outer wall 21 is made of metal. The inner wall 22 of the combustor liner 12 is a ceramic composite material.

[0018] As shown in FIG. 2 , the inner wall 22 is formed by a plurality of panels 25 serving as heat-resistant members. The plurality of panels 25 are attached to the inside of the outer wall 21. The inner wall 22 is formed by arranging the plurality of panels 25 in the axial and circumferential directions of the combustor liner 12. The panels 25 are formed of a ceramic composite material (CMC material) and have a shape that conforms to the outer wall 21. The plurality of panels 25 are arranged opposite the outer wall 21, so that the inner wall 22 covers the outer wall 21 from the combustion chamber 16 side. As the inner wall 22 covers the outer wall 21 from the combustion chamber 16 side, the outer wall 21 is protected from high-temperature gas. A space 23 is formed between the outer wall 21 and the panels 25.

[0019] As shown in Fig. 3, the panel 25 is substantially rectangular in plan view and has a pair of first sides S1 and a pair of second sides S2. The pair of first sides S1 extend in the axial direction of the combustor liner 12, and the pair of second sides S2 extend in the circumferential direction of the combustor liner 12. The panel 25 has a panel main body 26, a fastening piece 27, and a connecting portion 28. The panel main body 26 is substantially flat and formed in an arc shape so as to be substantially parallel to the outer wall 21. The panel main body 26 is disposed along the outer wall 21 and faces the combustion chamber 16. The panel main body 26 has an outer surface 29 facing the outer wall 21 and an inner surface 31 facing the combustion chamber 16.

[0020] The fastening piece 27 is a portion fastened to the outer wall 21 and corresponds to a fastening portion. The fastening piece 27 has an inclined portion 32 that rises at an angle from the outer surface 29 of the panel main body 26 and a fastening seat portion 33 that extends from the inclined portion 32 in a direction along the second side S2. The inclined portion 32 inclines toward the connecting portion 28 in the extension direction of the second side. The fastening piece 27 extends along the extension direction of the first side S1. The fastening seat portion 33 has a plurality of notches 34 formed in it. As shown in FIG. 2 , bolts B1 for attaching the panel 25 to the outer wall 21 are inserted into the notches 34. The connecting portion 28 is a portion that extends circumferentially from the base of the inclined portion 32 of the panel 25. The connecting portion 28 extends from the panel main body 26 in the circumferential direction, which is the extension direction of the panel main body 26, and is spaced apart from the fastening piece 27 in the thickness direction of the panel main body 26. An end of the connecting portion 28 forms a first side S1. When a plurality of panels 25 are arranged, the first sides S1 of adjacent panels 25 are abutted against each other.

[0021] In this embodiment, the fastening piece 27 is fastened to the outer wall 21 by a fastening member. The fastening member includes a bolt B1 and a nut N1. The bolt B1 and the nut N1 are made of metal. When the panel 25 is fastened to the outer wall 21, the head of the bolt B1 faces the connecting portion 28.

[0022] The panel 25 of this embodiment is made of a CMC material, which is made of a fiber structure of SiC reinforcing fibers and a base material of SiC matrix material. The panel 25 is formed by impregnating a fiber structure of SiC fibers woven to fit the shape of the panel 25 with the base material of the SiC matrix material and sintering the resulting material.

[0023] The panel 25 made of a CMC material has a high thermal conductivity portion as a first thermal conductivity portion including a first fiber structure 40, and a low thermal conductivity portion as a second thermal conductivity portion including a second fiber structure 50. In this embodiment, the panel body 26 corresponds to the high thermal conductivity portion, and the fastening pieces 27 and the connecting portions 28 correspond to the low thermal conductivity portion.

[0024] 4 and 5, the panel body 26 serving as a high thermal conductivity portion includes a first fiber structure 40. As shown in FIG. 6, the fastening pieces 27 and the connecting portions 28 serving as low thermal conductors include a second fiber structure 50.

[0025] The first fiber structure 40 shown in FIG. 4 is a precursor before being impregnated into a matrix and sintered. The first fiber structure 40 includes a plurality of weft yarns 41, a plurality of first warp yarns 42, and a plurality of second warp yarns 43. The first fiber structure 40 has an "orthogonal" weave. A weft layer 44 is formed by arranging a plurality of weft yarns 41 in a second direction X2. A warp layer 45 is formed by arranging a plurality of first warp yarns 42 in a first direction X1. The first fiber structure 40 is a fiber structure in which a plurality of first fiber layers are stacked in a stacking direction Y. The first fiber layer of this embodiment includes two or more weft layers 44 in which a plurality of weft yarns 41 are aligned in the second direction X2, and a warp layer 45 located between the two weft layers 44 in the stacking direction Y and in which a plurality of first warp yarns 42 are aligned in the first direction.

[0026] The first fiber structure 40 includes a plurality of weft yarns 41, the main yarn axes of which extend in a first direction X1. The plurality of weft yarns 41 are arranged in a second direction X2. A weft layer 44 is formed by arranging the plurality of weft yarns 41 in the second direction X2. In the first fiber structure 40, a plurality of weft yarn layers 44 are stacked in a stacking direction Y. In other words, the first fiber layer has a weft yarn layer 44. The weft yarns 41 correspond to the first yarns, and the weft yarn layer 44 corresponds to the first yarn layer. The stacking direction Y corresponds to the plate thickness direction of the panel main body 26.

[0027] The first fiber structure 40 includes a plurality of first warp threads 42, the main axes of which extend in the second direction X2. The plurality of first warp threads 42 are arranged in the first direction X1. A warp layer 45 is formed by arranging the plurality of first warp threads 42 in the first direction X1. The first warp threads 42 correspond to second threads, and the warp layer 45 corresponds to the second thread layer. The first direction X1 and the second direction X2 are both perpendicular to the stacking direction Y and are also perpendicular to each other. One of the stacking directions Y is referred to as the first stacking direction Y1, and the other is referred to as the second stacking direction Y2.

[0028] The first fiber structure 40 of this embodiment includes, in addition to weft yarns 41 and first warp yarns 42, a plurality of second warp yarns 43 as interlayer bonding yarns, which are arranged parallel to one another in the first direction X1. The second warp yarns 43 intersect the weft yarns 41 at approximately right angles. Like the weft yarns 41 and the first warp yarns 42, the second warp yarns 43 are yarns made of reinforcing fibers, and the second warp yarns 43 of this embodiment are yarns made of SiC silicon carbide fibers.

[0029] The weft yarn 41, the first warp yarn 42, and the second warp yarn 43 are formed by converging a plurality of fiber bundles (not shown). The cross sections of the weft yarn 41 and the first warp yarn 42 are substantially elliptical, and the cross section of the second warp yarn 43 is substantially circular. The length of the weft yarn 41 in the stacking direction Y is shorter than the length of the weft yarn 41 in the second direction X2. Furthermore, the length of the first warp yarn 42 in the stacking direction Y is shorter than the length of the first warp yarn 42 in the first direction X1. Therefore, the weft yarn 41 and the first warp yarn 42 are flat.

[0030] The multiple fiber layers constituting the first fiber structure 40 are formed by stacking multiple weft layers 44 and multiple warp layers 45. The first fiber structure 40 of this embodiment includes five weft layers 44: a first weft layer 44A, a second weft layer 44B, a third weft layer 44C, a fourth weft layer 44D, and a fifth weft layer 44E. The first fiber structure 40 of this embodiment includes four warp layers 45: a first warp layer 45A, a second warp layer 45B, a third warp layer 45C, and a fourth warp layer 45D. The weft layers 44 and the warp layers 45 are alternately stacked in the stacking direction Y. Therefore, each warp layer 45 is located between two weft layers 44 in the stacking direction Y.

[0031] The weft layer 44 and the warp layer 45 are interlayer-bonded by the second warp thread 43. The first fiber structure 40 is a multilayer fabric, with the stacked weft layer 44 and the warp layer 45 bonded by the second warp thread 43.

[0032] In this embodiment, the outer surface side of the first fiber structure 40 is composed of wefts 41 arranged in a first weft layer 44A and second warps 43 engaged with the wefts 41. The inner surface side of the first fiber structure 40 is composed of wefts 41 arranged in a fourth weft layer 44D and second warps 43 engaged with the wefts 41. The weft layers 44 are arranged in the following order from the outer surface side to the inner surface side: the first weft layer 44A, the second weft layer 44B, the third weft layer 44C, the fourth weft layer 44D, and the fifth weft layer 44E. The warp layers 45 are arranged in the following order from the outer surface side to the inner surface side: the first warp layer 45A, the second warp layer 45B, the third warp layer 45C, and the fourth warp layer 45D.

[0033] The first fibrous structure 40 as a precursor is impregnated into the matrix and sintered, but the weave of the first fibrous structure 40 remains its structure in the panel 25 .

[0034] Next, the second fiber structure 50 will be described. The second fiber structure 50 shown in FIG. 6 is a precursor before being impregnated into a matrix and sintered. The second fiber structure 50 includes a plurality of weft yarns 41, a plurality of first warp yarns 42, and a second warp yarn 43. The second fiber structure 50 is configured with a "layer-to-layer" weave. The plurality of weft yarns 41 are arranged in the second direction X2 to form a weft layer 44. The second fiber structure 50 is a fiber structure in which a plurality of second fiber layers are stacked in the stacking direction Y, and includes the weft yarns 41, the first warp yarns 42, and the second warp yarns 43. The second fiber layer includes a plurality of weft layers 44, and the first warp yarns 42 are engaged with the weft yarns 41. The second fiber structure 50 includes a plurality of first warp yarns 42, and the main axes of the plurality of first warp yarns 42 extend in the second direction X2. The plurality of first warp threads 42 are arranged in the first direction X1. The first warp threads 42 are engaged with the weft threads 41. In the second fiber structure 50, the first warp threads 42 and the second warp threads 43 are continuous with the first fiber structure 40, but unlike the first fiber structure 40, the first warp threads 42 and the second warp threads 43 are engaged with the weft threads 41.

[0035] The multiple weft layers 44 are composed of a first weft layer 44A, a second weft layer 44B, a third weft layer 44C, and a fourth weft layer 44D. The first weft layer 44A, the second weft layer 44B, the third weft layer 44C, and the fourth weft layer 44D are arranged in this order from the first stacking direction Y1 side to the second stacking direction Y2 side: the first weft layer 44A, the second weft layer 44B, the third weft layer 44C, and the fourth weft layer 44D23.

[0036] The plurality of first warp threads 42 are made up of first warp threads 42A, 42B, 42C, 42D, and 42E. The plurality of second warp threads 43 are made up of second warp threads 43A, 43B, 43C, 43D, and 43E.

[0037] 7(a), the first warp threads 42A, 42B, 42C, 42D, and 42E are arranged in the stacking direction Y in the order of first warp threads 42A, 42B, 42C, 42D, and 42E from the first stacking direction Y1 to the second stacking direction Y2. As shown in FIG. 7(b), the second warp threads 43A, 43B, 43C, 43D, and 43E are arranged in the stacking direction Y in the order of second warp threads 43A, 43B, 43C, 43D, and 43E from the first stacking direction Y1 to the second stacking direction Y2. The first warp threads 42A, 42B, 42C, 42D and 42E are arranged offset from the second warp threads 43A, 43B, 43C, 43D and 43E in the first direction X1.

[0038] The first warp threads 42A-42E and the second warp threads 43A-43E are engaged with the weft threads 41 of different weft layers 44. Specifically, the first warp threads 42A and the second warp threads 43A are engaged with the weft threads 41 arranged in the first weft layer 44A. The first warp threads 42B and the second warp threads 43B are engaged with the weft threads 41 arranged in the first weft layer 44A and the second weft layer 44B. The first warp threads 42C and the second warp threads 43C are engaged with the weft threads 41 arranged in the second weft layer 44B and the third weft layer 44C. The first warp threads 42D and the second warp threads 43D are engaged with the weft threads 41 arranged in the third weft layer 44C. The first warp threads 42E and the second warp threads 43E are engaged with the weft threads 41 arranged in the fourth weft layer 44D.

[0039] The wefts 41 are arranged adjacent to each other in the stacking direction Y with the first warp threads 42 and the second warp threads 43 interposed therebetween. A set of wefts 41 arranged in the stacking direction Y is referred to as a weft row. A plurality of weft rows are arranged in the second direction X2. The first warp threads 42A to 42E and the second warp threads 43A to 43E have different arrangement positions in the stacking direction Y relative to the weft threads 41 with which they are respectively engaged. In this embodiment, the same arrangement pattern of the arrangement positions of the first warp threads 42 and the second warp threads 43 relative to the weft threads 41 is repeated in the second direction X2 for every five weft rows arranged in the second direction X2. The repeated arrangement patterns of the first warp threads 42 and the second warp threads 43 are different for each of the first warp threads 42A to 42E and the second warp threads 43A to 43E.

[0040] The arrangement pattern of the first warp yarns 42A is in the order of the first stacking direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 44A, the second stacking direction Y2 side of the first weft layer 44A, the first stacking direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 44A, and the first stacking direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 44A. The arrangement pattern of the second warp yarns 43A is in the order of the first stacking direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 44A, the first stacking direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 44A, the first stacking direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 44A, and the second stacking direction Y2 side of the first weft layer 44A.

[0041] The arrangement pattern of the first warp yarns 42B is in the order of the first stacking direction Y1 side of the second weft layer 44B, the second stacking direction Y2 side of the second weft layer 44B, the first stacking direction Y1 side of the second weft layer 44B, and the first stacking direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 44A. The arrangement pattern of the second warp yarns 43B is in the order of the first stacking direction Y1 side of the second weft layer 44B, the first stacking direction Y1 side of the first weft layer 44A, the first stacking direction Y1 side of the second weft layer 44B, and the second stacking direction Y2 side of the second weft layer 44B.

[0042] The arrangement pattern of the first warp yarns 42C is in the order of the first stacking direction Y1 side of the third weft layer 44C, the second stacking direction Y2 side of the third weft layer 44C, the first stacking direction Y1 side of the third weft layer 44C, and the first stacking direction Y1 side of the second weft layer 44B. The arrangement pattern of the second warp yarns 43C is in the order of the first stacking direction Y1 side of the third weft layer 44C, the first stacking direction Y1 side of the second weft layer 44B, the first stacking direction Y1 side of the third weft layer 44C, and the second stacking direction Y2 side of the third weft layer 44C.

[0043] The arrangement pattern of the first warp threads 42D is in the order of the second stacking direction Y2 side of the third weft layer 44C, the second stacking direction Y2 side of the third weft layer 44C, the second stacking direction Y2 side of the third weft layer 44C, and the first stacking direction Y1 side of the third weft layer 44C. The arrangement pattern of the second warp threads 43D is in the order of the second stacking direction Y2 side of the third weft layer 44C, the first stacking direction Y1 side of the third weft layer 44C, the second stacking direction Y2 side of the third weft layer 44C, and the second stacking direction Y2 side of the fourth weft layer 44D.

[0044] The arrangement pattern of the first warp threads 42E is in the order of the second stacking direction Y2 side of the fourth weft layer 44D, the second stacking direction Y2 side of the fourth weft layer 44D, the second stacking direction Y2 side of the fourth weft layer 44D, and the first stacking direction Y1 side of the fourth weft layer 44D. The arrangement pattern of the second warp threads 43E is in the order of the second stacking direction Y2 side of the fourth weft layer 44D, the first stacking direction Y1 side of the fourth weft layer 44D, the second stacking direction Y2 side of the fourth weft layer 44D, and the second stacking direction Y2 side of the fourth weft layer 44D.

[0045] The outer surface side of the second fiber structure 50 is composed of weft yarns 41 arranged in a first weft layer 44A, first warp yarns 42A, and second warp yarns 43A. The inner surface side of the second fiber structure 50 is composed of weft yarns 41 arranged in a fourth weft layer 44D, first warp yarns 42E, and second warp yarns 43E.

[0046] The precursor second fibrous structure 50 is impregnated into the matrix and sintered, but the weave of the second fibrous structure 50 remains its structure in the panel 25 .

[0047] In this embodiment, the panel main body 26 of the panel 25 includes a first fiber structure 40, and the fastening pieces 27 and connecting portions 28 of the panel 25 include a second fiber structure 50. The first warp yarns 42 and the second warp yarns 43 extend continuously in the first fiber structure 40 and the second fiber structure 50. For example, by switching from weaving to form the first fiber structure 40 to weaving to form the second fiber structure 50, it is possible to consistently form the first fiber structure 40 and the second fiber structure 50 using the same first warp yarns 42 and second warp yarns 43. In addition, the fastening pieces 27 and the connecting portions 28 are branched from the panel main body 26. The second fiber structures 50 of the fastening pieces 27 and the connecting portions 28 are formed by weaving the first fiber structure 40 and the second fiber structure 50 in a manner that divides the first fiber structure 40 into a first stacking direction Y1 and a second stacking direction Y2 in the stacking direction Y.

[0048] The first fiber structure 40 and the second fiber structure 50, which are precursors woven to fit the shape of the panel 25, are impregnated into a matrix of CMC material and sintered together with the matrix. The first fiber structure 40 and the second fiber structure 50 are contained in the corresponding portions of the panel 25 obtained after sintering, maintaining their respective weaves. The panel 25 has a heat resistance temperature of approximately 1000°C to 2000°C.

[0049] Table 1 compares a portion of a 1.1 mm thick panel 25 including the first fiber structure 40 with a portion including the second fiber structure 50. The panel 25 has a thickness of 1.1 mm, and in the portion including the first fiber structure 40, the number of warp layers is 4 and the number of weft layers is 4. The number of interlayer bonding yarn layers is 1. The fiber volume fraction (V / f) of the panel 25 is 37%. The thermal conductivity of the portion including the first fiber structure 40 is 14.7 W / mK. The thermal conductivity was calculated using a thermal network method.

[0050] [Table 1]

[0051] In the portion of the panel 25 including the second fiber structure 50, the number of warp layers is 5 and the number of weft layers is 4. The fiber volume content (V / f) of the panel 25 is 27%. The fiber volume content (V / f) of the second fiber structure 50 is lower than the fiber volume content (V / f) of the first fiber structure 40. The thermal conductivity of the portion including the second fiber structure 50 is 8.2 [W / mK]. The thermal conductivity of the portion including the second fiber structure 50 is reduced by about 40% compared to the thermal conductivity of the portion including the first fiber structure 40. In other words, the thermal conductivity of the second fiber structure 50 is lower than the thermal conductivity of the first fiber structure 40.

[0052] Here, heat transfer in the first warp yarns 42 and the second warp yarns 43 will be described. Heat is easily transferred in the direction in which the first warp yarns 42 and the second warp yarns 43 extend, but is less likely to be transferred in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the first warp yarns 42 and the second warp yarns 43 extend. In the first fiber structure 40, the second warp yarns 43 serving as interlayer bonding yarns extend in the stacking direction Y. Therefore, when the first fiber structure 40 receives heat, the heat is easily transferred in the stacking direction Y, which is the extension direction of the second warp yarns 43. On the other hand, in the second fiber structure 50, the first warp yarns 42 and the second warp yarns 43 do not penetrate in the stacking direction Y, and heat is transferred in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the first warp yarns 42 and the second warp yarns 43 extend. Therefore, the thermal conductivity of the second fiber structure 50 is smaller than that of the first fiber structure 40.

[0053] By making the portion including the first fiber structure 40 the panel main body 26 and the portion including the second fiber structure 50 the fastening piece 27 and connecting portion 28, the panel main body 26 becomes a high thermal conductivity portion with high heat dissipation properties, and the fastening piece 27 and connecting portion 28 become low thermal conductivity portions with low heat dissipation properties.

[0054] Next, the operation of the panel 25 of this embodiment will be described. As shown in Fig. 2, the multiple panels 25 are arranged so that first sides S1, which are end faces of the connecting portions 28 of adjacent panels 25, face each other. Also, adjacent panels 25 are arranged so that second sides S2 are in contact with each other. The outer wall 21 and the panels 25 are fastened together using bolts B1 and nuts N1 as fastening members. Specifically, the bolts B1 are inserted through the through holes in the outer wall 21 and the notches 34 of the fastening pieces 27, and the nuts N1 are screwed onto the bolts B1 to fasten them together.

[0055] High-temperature gas is generated in the combustion chamber 16 of the combustor 10. Therefore, the panel 25 is exposed to the high-temperature gas. Because the panel 25 is located between the outer wall 21 and the combustion chamber 16, the outer wall 21 is not directly exposed to the high-temperature gas in the combustion chamber 16. The panel body 26 of the panel 25 is a highly thermally conductive part including the first fiber structure 40, and therefore becomes hot due to the high-temperature gas. Air is introduced into the space 23 between the outer wall 21 and the panel body 26 from air inlet holes (not shown) provided in the outer wall 21. Compressed air CA in the internal space 13 is introduced into the space 23 as cooling air. Therefore, heat is dissipated from the panel body 26.

[0056] On the other hand, the fastening pieces 27 and connecting portions 28 in the panel 25 are low-thermal-conductivity parts including the second fiber structure 50, and therefore remain at a lower temperature than the panel body 26. Although the fastening pieces 27 are fastened with bolts B1 and nuts N1 made of metal with a low heat resistance temperature, the fastening pieces 27 do not exceed the heat resistance temperature of the bolts B1 and nuts N1. Therefore, the bolts B1 and nuts N1 are not damaged by heat. Furthermore, because the connecting portions 28 are located between the fastening pieces 27 and the combustion chamber 16, the fastening pieces 27 are not exposed to the high-temperature gas in the combustion chamber 16, and the temperature rise of the fastening pieces 27 is further suppressed.

[0057] The panel 25 of this embodiment has the following advantages. (1) The panel 25 has a first thermally conductive section including a first fiber structure 40 and a second thermally conductive section including a second fiber structure 50. The second thermally conductive section has a fastening piece 27 that is fastened to the outer wall 21 via a bolt B1 and a nut N1. The thermal conductivity of the second fiber structure 50 is lower than that of the first fiber structure 40. The first thermally conductive section corresponds to a high thermal conductivity section, and the second thermally conductive section corresponds to a low thermal conductivity section. The fastening piece 27 including the second fiber structure 50 is connected to the outer wall 21 via the bolt B1 and the nut N1. However, the low thermal conductivity section including the second fiber structure 50 has a lower thermal conductivity than the high thermal conductivity section including the first fiber structure 40. Therefore, even if the bolt B1 and the nut N1 are made of a metal whose heat resistance temperature is lower than that of the CMC material, a temperature rise exceeding the heat resistance temperature of the bolt B1 and the nut N1 can be prevented. As a result, even if the bolts B1 and nuts N1 are made of a metal having a lower heat resistance temperature than the CMC material, the heat resistance temperature of the panel 25 is not restricted by the bolts B1 and nuts N1.

[0058] (2) The first fiber structure 40 is a fiber structure in which a plurality of first fiber layers are laminated in the lamination direction Y, and includes first warp yarns 42 made of reinforcing fiber and having a main axis extending in the first direction X1, weft yarns 41 made of reinforcing fiber and having a main axis extending in a second direction X2 perpendicular to the first direction X1, and second warp yarns 43 made of reinforcing fiber and having a main axis extending in the second direction X2, and has flat end faces in the lamination direction Y. The plurality of first fiber layers include two or more weft layers 44 in which a plurality of weft yarns 41 are arranged in the second direction X2, and a warp layer 45 located between the two weft layers 44 in the lamination direction Y and in which a plurality of first warp yarns 42 are arranged in the first direction X1, and the second warp yarns 43 engage with the weft yarns 41 and connect the plurality of weft layers 44 in the lamination direction Y. Therefore, the high thermal conductivity section having the first fiber structure 40 can have a higher thermal conductivity than the low thermal conductivity section having the second fiber structure 50. The second fiber structure 50 is a fiber structure in which a plurality of second fiber layers are stacked in a stacking direction, and has weft yarns 41, first warp yarns 42, and second warp yarns 43. The second fiber layer has a plurality of weft yarn layers 44 in which a plurality of weft yarns 41 are arranged in the second direction X2, and the first warp yarns 42 and the second warp yarns 43 are engaged with the weft yarns 41. Therefore, the low thermal conductivity section having the second fiber structure 50 can have a lower thermal conductivity than the high thermal conductivity section having the first fiber structure 40.

[0059] (3) By making the fiber volume content of the second fiber structure 50 smaller than the fiber volume content of the first fiber structure 40, the low thermal conductivity portion having the second fiber structure 50 can have a lower thermal conductivity than the high thermal conductivity portion having the first fiber structure 40.

[0060] (4) The high thermal conductivity portion is the panel main body 26 having the first fiber structure 40, and the low thermal conductivity portion is the fastening piece 27 branching off from the panel main body 26, so that it is possible to increase the heat resistance temperature of the panel 25. Furthermore, the fastening piece 27 is fastened to the outer wall 21 via the bolt B1 and the nut N1, but because it is a low thermal conductivity portion, it is possible to avoid excessive temperature rise in the bolt B1 and the nut N1.

[0061] (5) The connecting portions 28 extend from the panel main body 26 in the extension direction of the panel main body 26 and are spaced apart from the fastening pieces 27 in the thickness direction of the panel main body 26. The fastening pieces 27 and the connecting portions 28 in the panel 25 are low thermal conductive parts that include the second fiber structure 50, and therefore remain at a lower temperature than the panel main body 26. By providing the connecting portions 28 at a distance from the fastening pieces 27 and positioning them between the fastening pieces 27 and the combustion chamber 16, the fastening pieces 27 are not exposed to the high-temperature gas in the combustion chamber 16, and the temperature rise of the fastening pieces 27 is further suppressed.

[0062] (Second embodiment) Next, a heat-resistant member according to a second embodiment will be described. This embodiment is an example in which the heat-resistant member is applied to a turbine blade (stationary blade) in a gas turbine engine. The same components as those in the first embodiment will be referred to in the description of the first embodiment, and common reference numerals will be used.

[0063] 8, a stator vane 60 is configured by connecting an outer shroud 62 and an inner shroud 63 to each longitudinal end of a blade portion 61, and a plurality of stator vanes 60 are supported in a turbine casing (not shown) in an annular assembled state. A plurality of stator vanes 60 and rotor blades (not shown) are alternately arranged in the turbine casing of a gas turbine engine. A passage in which the plurality of stator vanes 60 and rotor blades are alternately arranged forms a combustion gas passage 64.

[0064] The stator vane 60 has a divided structure consisting of a blade portion 61, an outer shroud 62, and an inner shroud 63, and each end of the blade portion 61 is fastened to the outer shroud 62 and the inner shroud 63 with bolts. The blade portion 61 has a hollow shape, and a flange portion 65 is formed at the end on the outer shroud 62 side. A plurality of fastening holes 66 are formed in the flange portion 65. The flange portion 65 corresponds to the fastening portion. Furthermore, a plurality of fastening holes 67 are formed at the end of the blade portion 61 on the inner shroud 63 side. The end on the inner shroud 63 side corresponds to the fastening portion.

[0065] The outer shroud 62 has an annular folded portion 68 formed in its central portion. The folded portion 68 has a flange portion 69 formed therein, and a plurality of fastening holes 71 formed in the flange portion 69. The inner shroud 63 has an annular folded portion 72 formed therein, and a plurality of fastening holes 73 formed in the folded portion 72.

[0066] The blade portion 61 of this embodiment is formed of a CMC material. The blade portion 61 formed of the CMC material has a high thermal conductivity portion as a first thermal conductivity portion including the first fiber structure 40, and a low thermal conductivity portion as a second thermal conductivity portion including the second fiber structure 50 and having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the high thermal conductivity portion. In this embodiment, a blade center portion 61A located in the combustion gas passage 64 of the blade portion 61 corresponds to the high thermal conductivity portion, and a portion 61B of the blade portion 61 outside the outer shroud 62 and a portion 61C of the blade portion 61 outside the inner shroud 63 correspond to the low thermal conductivity portions.

[0067] The blade central portion 61A, which serves as a high thermal conductivity portion, includes a first fiber structure 40. The portions 61B and 61C, which serve as low thermal conductivity portions, include a second fiber structure 50. The blade portion 61 is formed by impregnating the first fiber structure 40 and the second fiber structure 50 into a matrix of CMC material, followed by sintering.

[0068] The blade portion 61 and the outer shroud 62 are assembled by fastening metal bolts B2 and nuts N2. The blade portion 61 is inserted into the through-hole of the outer shroud 62, and when the fastening holes 66 and 71 align, the bolt B2 is inserted into these fastening holes 66 and 71 and fastened using the nut N2. Next, the blade portion 61 and the inner shroud 63 are assembled by fastening bolts B2 and nuts N2. The bolt B2 is inserted into the through-hole of the inner shroud 63 when the fastening holes 67 and 73 align, and then fastened using the nut N2, thereby manufacturing the stator vane 60.

[0069] In this embodiment, the portions 61B and 61C of the wing portion 61 are low thermal conductivity portions including the second fiber structure 50, and have a lower thermal conductivity than the high thermal conductivity portion including the first fiber structure 40. Therefore, even if the bolt B2 and the nut N2 are made of a metal having a lower heat resistance temperature than the CMC material, the temperature can be prevented from rising above the heat resistance temperature of the bolt B2 and the nut N2. As a result, even if the bolt B2 and the nut N2 are made of a metal having a lower heat resistance temperature than the CMC material, the heat resistance temperature of the wing portion 61 is not limited by the bolt B2 and the nut N2.

[0070] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the spirit of the invention. For example, the following modifications may be made.

[0071] In the first embodiment, the fastening pieces and the connecting portions are low thermal conductivity portions, but this is not limiting. For example, the connecting portions may be high thermal conductivity portions like the panel body, and the fastening pieces may be low thermal conductivity portions. In this case, the connecting portions are high thermal conductivity portions, which prevents the heat resistance temperature of the fastening members from increasing and improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the panel. In the first embodiment, the first fiber structure is an "Orthogonal" weave and the second fiber structure is a "Layer-to-Layer" weave so that the fiber volume content (vf) of the second fiber structure is smaller than the fiber volume content (vf) of the first fiber structure. However, this is not limiting. For example, the weave of the first fiber structure may be unspecified, and the second fiber structure may be a "Layer-to-Layer" weave or an "Angle" weave, thereby changing the fiber volume content (vf). In the first embodiment, the low thermal conductivity portion is a second fiber structure having a "Layer-to-Layer" weave, in which weft and warp yarns are interwoven with each other. However, this is not limiting. For example, the low thermal conductivity portion may be a second fiber structure 80 having an "Angle" weave, as shown in FIG. 9 . In the second fiber structure 80, the first warp yarns 42 extend at an angle with respect to the stacking direction Y. Therefore, in the second fiber structure 80, the distance required for heat transfer in the stacking direction Y by the first warp yarns 42 is greater than that required for heat transfer by the second warp yarns 42 in the first fiber structure 40. The smaller the warp angle, which is the angle of the warp yarns with respect to the stacking direction Y, the more easily heat is transferred in the stacking direction Y. However, the larger the warp angle, the more difficult it is to transfer heat in the stacking direction Y. Therefore, the thermal conductivity of the second fiber structure 80 is lower than that of the first fiber structure 40. Alternatively, the second fibrous structure may be an "Orthogonal" weave having a substantially reduced volume density compared to the first fibrous structure. In the first embodiment, the portion of the heat-resistant component containing the first fiber structure has a higher fiber volume content than the portion of the heat-resistant component containing the second fiber structure. However, this is not limited to this. The fiber volume content of the portion of the heat-resistant component containing the first fiber structure may be approximately the same as or slightly lower than the fiber volume content of the portion of the heat-resistant component containing the second fiber structure. In this case, it is sufficient that the thermal conductivity of the second fiber structure is lower than the thermal conductivity of the first fiber structure. Although the second embodiment has been described with reference to a stationary blade as a turbine blade in a gas turbine, the heat-resistant member is not limited to a stationary blade. The heat-resistant member may be applied to, for example, a moving blade as a turbine blade. In the above embodiment, the first threads, the second threads, and the interlayer bonding threads are made of silicon carbide (SiC), but the present invention is not limited to this. The first threads, the second threads, and the interlayer bonding threads may be made of oxide fibers such as alumina fibers or carbon fibers. [Explanation of symbols]

[0072] 10 Combustor 12 Combustor liner 13 Interior Space 16 Combustion chamber 21 Outer wall 22 Inner wall 23 Space 25 Panel (heat-resistant material) 26 Panel body 27 Fastening piece 28 Connecting part 32 Slope 33 Fastening seat 40 First fiber structure 41 Weft thread (first thread) 42 First warp thread (second thread) 43 Second warp thread (interlayer binding thread) 44 Weft layer (first layer) 44A 1st weft layer 44B 2nd weft layer 44C 3rd weft layer 44D 4th weft layer 45 warp layer (second layer) 45A 1st warp layer 45B Second warp layer 45C 3rd warp layer 45D 4th warp layer 50 Second fiber structure 60 Stationary blade (heat-resistant material) B1, B2 bolts (fastening members) N1, N2 nuts (fastening parts) X1 1st direction X2 2nd direction Y stacking direction Y1 First stacking direction Y2 Second stacking direction

Claims

1. A heat-resistant component formed of a ceramic composite material and fastened to a fastening destination via a metal fastening member, a first heat-conducting portion including a first fiber structure; a second heat-conducting portion including a second fiber structure, the second heat conduction portion has a fastening portion that is fastened to the fastening destination via the fastening member, The thermal conductivity of the second fiber structure is A heat-resistant member having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the first fiber structure.

2. The first fiber structure comprises: a fiber structure in which a plurality of first fiber layers are stacked in a stacking direction, a first yarn made of reinforcing fiber and having a yarn main axis extending in a first direction; A second yarn made of the reinforcing fiber and having a yarn main axis extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; and an interlayer bonding yarn made of the reinforcing fiber and having a yarn main axis extending in the second direction, The plurality of first fiber layers are two or more first yarn layers in which a plurality of the first yarns are arranged in the second direction; a second yarn layer located between two of the first yarn layers in the stacking direction and having a plurality of the second yarns arranged in the first direction; the interlayer binding yarn engages with the first yarn and binds the plurality of first fiber layers in the stacking direction; The second fiber structure comprises: a fiber structure in which a plurality of second fiber layers are stacked in the stacking direction, The first yarn; the second yarn, the second fiber layer has a plurality of the first yarn layers; 2. The heat-resistant member of claim 1, wherein the second thread engages with the first thread.

3. The fiber volume content of the second fiber structure is 3. The heat-resistant member according to claim 1, wherein the fiber volume content of the first fiber structure is smaller than that of the second fiber structure.

4. the first heat conducting portion is a flat panel body having the first fiber structure, 3. The heat-resistant member according to claim 1, wherein the second heat-conducting portion is the fastening portion provided branching off from the panel body.

5. a connecting portion extending from the panel body in the extension direction of the panel body and spaced apart from the fastening portion in the thickness direction of the panel body; 5. The heat-resistant member according to claim 4, wherein the connecting portion is the second heat-conducting portion.

Images