Light-emitting device, display device, imaging device, and electronic apparatus

Abstract

To provide a technology that improves the directionality of infrared light emitted by an infrared light-emitting element without reducing the viewing angle performance of visible light emitted by a display light-emitting element, thereby making it easier to detect the user's viewing location.SOLUTION: A light-emitting device includes a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element disposed on a substrate, and a first lens and a second lens disposed in correspondence with the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element, respectively. The first light-emitting element has a first light-emitting layer containing a compound having a light wavelength in the infrared region. The second light-emitting element has a second light-emitting layer containing a compound having a light wavelength in the visible light region. The first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element are configured to satisfy a specific relationship.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a light-emitting device, and more particularly to a light-emitting device having an infrared light-emitting function for line-of-sight detection, and a display device, an imaging device, and an electronic device having the same. [Background technology]

[0002] An organic light-emitting device (also called an organic electroluminescent device (organic EL device)) is an electronic device having a pair of electrodes (anode and cathode) and an organic compound layer disposed between these electrodes. By injecting electrons and holes from the pair of electrodes, excitons of the light-emitting organic compound in the organic compound layer are generated, and when the excitons return to the ground state, the organic light-emitting device emits light.

[0003] Recent advances in organic light-emitting devices have been remarkable, with advances being made in low driving voltages, diverse emission wavelengths, high-speed response, and thinner and lighter light-emitting devices. For these reasons, organic light-emitting devices are attracting attention as image display devices for camera viewfinders, head-mounted displays, wearable devices known as smart glasses, and other applications. In such a display device, it is desirable to detect the user's line of sight with respect to the display device, thereby detecting the user's gaze point, and reflecting the detected line of sight information in driving the display device.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses a device that detects the line of sight by irradiating the eyeball of a user looking into a viewfinder with infrared light as detection light and capturing the light reflected from the eyeball with a detector. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-15731 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] In the display device described in Patent Document 1, a display unit, an infrared light emitting unit for detecting the line of sight, and an infrared image capturing unit are provided on the same substrate. When an organic light-emitting device is used together with an optical system (eyepiece optical system), visible light is emitted from the display unit of the organic light-emitting device, and infrared light is emitted from the infrared light-emitting unit, and the visible light and infrared light pass through the same optical lens (eyepiece optical system) to reach the user's eyeball.

[0007] However, when infrared light emitted from the infrared light-emitting unit toward the eyeball (eye) is tried to reach the user's eyeball through the same optical lens as the display unit, there was a problem in that the light from the infrared light-emitting unit has low directionality, so the amount of light reaching the eyeball is reduced due to reflection and absorption by the optical lens, making it difficult to detect the user's viewing point. When the display device described in Patent Document 1 is used together with an eyepiece optical system, it is also required to make it easier to detect the user's gaze point without reducing the amount of light reaching the eyeball.

[0008] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a technology that improves the directionality of infrared light emitted by an infrared light-emitting element without reducing the viewing angle performance of visible light emitted by a display element (display light-emitting element), thereby making it easier for the user (observer) to detect the viewing location. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, a light emitting device according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a first light emitting element and a second light emitting element arranged on a substrate, and a first lens and a second lens arranged corresponding to the first light emitting element and the second light emitting element, respectively, wherein the first light emitting element has a first light emitting layer containing a compound having a light wavelength in an infrared region, and the second light emitting element has a second light emitting layer containing a compound having a light wavelength in a visible light region, When the area of ​​the area where light incident from the normal direction of the substrate through the first lens is incident on the light emitting region of the first light emitting element or the light emitting region and its peripheral portion, is defined as S1, the area of ​​the light emitting region of the first light emitting element is defined as S1', the area of ​​the area where light incident from the normal direction of the substrate through the second lens is incident on the light emitting region of the second light emitting element or the light emitting region and its peripheral portion is defined as S2, and the area of ​​the light emitting region of the second light emitting element is defined as S2', The ratio S1 / S1' of S1 to S1' is closer to 1 than the ratio S2 / S2' of S2 to S2'. It is characterized by: [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the present invention, in a light-emitting device, it is possible to improve the output (light output), directivity, and extraction efficiency of infrared light emitted by an infrared light-emitting element without reducing the viewing angle performance of visible light (display light) emitted by a display light-emitting element. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1 is an explanatory diagram of gaze detection by a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] 1 is a schematic plan view illustrating an example of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the light emitting device shown in FIG. 2 taken along line AA'. FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the light emitting device shown in FIG. [Figure 5] 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a light-emitting element in a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing (a) an incident state of virtual light and (b) a state of light emitted from a light-emitting region. [Figure 6] 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a light-emitting element in a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention, where (a) shows a vertical incident state and (b) shows an oblique incident state. [Figure 7]1A and 1B are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a light-emitting element in a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention, where (a) shows a vertical incident state and (b) shows an oblique incident state. [Figure 8] 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a light-emitting element in a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention, where (a) shows a vertical incident state and (b) shows an oblique incident state. [Figure 9] 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of a light-emitting element in a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a light-emitting element in a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention, where (a) shows a first light-emitting element and (b) shows a second light-emitting element. [Figure 12] 1 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14] 1A is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an imaging device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 15] 1A is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a foldable display device. [Figure 16] 1A is a schematic diagram showing an example of a wearable device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram showing another example of a wearable device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, and various improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In the drawings described below, elements having the same functions are designated by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions may be omitted or simplified.

[0013] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the expressions "xx or more and xx or less" and "xx to xx" representing a numerical range mean a numerical range including the lower and upper limits, which are the endpoints. When a numerical range is described in stages, the upper and lower limits of each numerical range can be combined arbitrarily.

[0014] The present invention provides a light-emitting device comprising: a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element disposed on a substrate; and a first lens and a second lens disposed corresponding to the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element, respectively; the first light-emitting element has a first light-emitting layer containing a compound having a light wavelength in an infrared region; and the second light-emitting element has a second light-emitting layer containing a compound having a light wavelength in a visible light region, When the area of ​​the area where light incident from the normal direction of the substrate through the first lens is incident on the light emitting region of the first light emitting element or the light emitting region and its peripheral portion, is defined as S1, the area of ​​the light emitting region of the first light emitting element is defined as S1', the area of ​​the area where light incident from the normal direction of the substrate through the second lens is incident on the light emitting region of the second light emitting element or the light emitting region and its peripheral portion is defined as S2, and the area of ​​the light emitting region of the second light emitting element is defined as S2', The ratio S1 / S1' of S1 to S1' is closer to 1 than the ratio S2 / S2' of S2 to S2'. The present invention relates to a light emitting device characterized by the above.

[0015] A light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element. The first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element can be disposed on a substrate. In this case, the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element can be disposed directly on the substrate or via an insulating layer. The first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element can be disposed on the same substrate, or can be disposed on separate substrates. In the following description, the term "light-emitting element" can be used to encompass both the "first light-emitting element" and the "second light-emitting element."

[0016] The light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention further includes a first lens and a second lens arranged corresponding to the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element, respectively. That is, the first light-emitting element has a first lens arranged corresponding to it, and the second light-emitting element has a second lens arranged corresponding to it. The first lens and the second lens may be optical elements, and specifically may be microlenses. The first lens and the second lens may be arranged on the output side of the light emitted by the light-emitting element itself.

[0017] The first light-emitting element has at least an emitting layer (first emitting layer) containing a compound (or substance) having a light wavelength in the infrared region. The first light-emitting element may be configured by stacking a first electrode, a functional layer including the first emitting layer, and a second electrode on a substrate in this order from the substrate side. The first electrode and the second electrode are also referred to as a lower electrode and an upper electrode, respectively, based on their positions. One of the first electrode and the second electrode is configured as an anode, and the other is configured as a cathode. By injecting electrons and holes from this pair of electrodes, the first light-emitting element emits light (infrared light). The first emitting layer may contain an organic compound. The first light-emitting element may have a color filter, particularly a color filter that transmits infrared light.

[0018] The second light-emitting element has at least an emitting layer (second emitting layer) containing a compound (or substance) having a light wavelength in the visible light region. The second light-emitting element may be configured by stacking a third electrode, a functional layer including the second emitting layer, and a fourth electrode on a substrate in this order from the substrate side. The third electrode and the fourth electrode are also called a lower electrode and an upper electrode, respectively, based on their positions. One of the third electrode and the fourth electrode is configured as an anode, and the other is configured as a cathode. By injecting electrons and holes from this pair of electrodes, the second light-emitting element emits light (visible light). The second emitting layer may contain an organic compound. The second light-emitting element may have a color filter.

[0019] In a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention, when the area of ​​the region (virtual light entrance region) formed when virtual light (virtual incident light) incident from the normal direction of the main surface of the substrate (direction perpendicular to the main surface) passing through the first lens reaches the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element or this light-emitting region and its peripheral area is defined as S1, and the area of ​​the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element is defined as S1', and the area of ​​the region (virtual light entrance region) formed when virtual light (virtual incident light) incident from the normal direction of the main surface of the substrate (direction perpendicular to the main surface) passing through the second lens reaches the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element or this light-emitting region and its peripheral area is defined as S2, and the area of ​​the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element is defined as S2', it is preferable that the ratio of S1 to S1' (S1 / S1') is closer to 1 than the ratio of S2 to S2' (S2 / S2'). Here, virtual light can be defined as light from a virtual light source, specifically, light (virtual light) that passes from the virtual light source through a lens (first or second lens) and is irradiated toward the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting element (or the light-emitting area and its periphery). When S1 / S1' is closer to 1 than S2 / S2', the viewing angle characteristics are improved in a display unit having multiple second light-emitting elements, and the directivity is improved in an infrared light-emitting unit having multiple first light-emitting elements. Note that S1 / S1'=1 may be satisfied.

[0020] According to the present invention, a method for manufacturing a light-emitting device includes the steps of: irradiating a light emitting element disposed on a substrate and having at least a lens and a light emitting layer with light (virtual light) from a normal direction of the substrate so as to pass through the lens; measuring an area S of an area where light passing through the lens is incident on the light emitting region of the light emitting element or on the light emitting region and its periphery; measuring the area S' of the light emitting region of the light emitting element; a determining step of determining the superiority or inferiority of the directivity, light extraction efficiency, and output of the light emitting element based on the S and the S', more specifically, determining that the directivity, light extraction efficiency, and output of the light emitting element are high when the ratio S / S' of the S and the S' is close to 1; A determination method including the steps of: According to the determination method having such a configuration, it is possible to determine whether the light emitting element can efficiently extract a large amount of light when extracting light from the normal direction (front direction) of the substrate, and as a result, it is possible to provide a light emitting element with high directivity, light extraction efficiency, and output. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a method for manufacturing a light-emitting element, which includes a step of determining the directivity, light extraction efficiency, and output of a light-emitting element by carrying out such a determination method.

[0021] The line-of-sight detection operation of the light emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a light-emitting device 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the light-emitting device 1 includes a display unit 3 and an infrared light-emitting unit 4. The display unit 3 and the infrared light-emitting unit 4 are disposed on a substrate 2. In FIG. 1, a user (observer) can use the light-emitting device 1 with the main surface of the substrate 2, which includes the light-emitting region, facing the user. In FIG. 1, a solid line indicates light (display light) 7 emitted from the display unit 3 of the light-emitting device 1 and incident on the eyeball 6. A dotted line indicates light (infrared light) 8 emitted from the infrared light-emitting unit 4 of the light-emitting device 1 and incident on the eyeball 6. A dashed-dotted line indicates light (infrared reflected light) 9 reflected by the user's eyeball 6. An external system (not shown) may exist outside the light-emitting device 1, and the light-emitting device 1 is connected to this external system.

[0022] The display unit 3 has a plurality of display light-emitting elements, i.e., second light-emitting elements of the present invention. The display unit 3 emits display light (visible light) 7 to form display images such as images and characters, or to enable use as a light source for illumination. The display image may be an image (or video) such as a still image or a moving image, and may be a monochrome image or a full-color image. On the other hand, the infrared light emitting section 4 has a plurality of infrared light emitting elements, that is, first light emitting elements of the present invention, and emits infrared light 8 toward the eyeball 6 of the observer gazing at the displayed image. The imaging unit 5 has a light receiving element and an imaging element. The imaging unit 5 may be disposed directly on a substrate or may be disposed via an insulating layer. The imaging unit 5 may be formed or disposed on the same substrate as the display unit 3 and the infrared light emitting unit 4, or may be formed or disposed as a separate member on a substrate different from the substrate on which the display unit 3 and the infrared light emitting unit 4 are disposed. An infrared filter that transmits only infrared light may be provided on the light receiving element, as this can reduce false detection due to the incidence of visible light. The imaging unit 5 detects the reflected light (infrared reflected light) 9 from the eyeball 6 of the infrared light 8 emitted from the infrared light emitting unit 4, and thereby obtains a captured image of the eyeball 6.

[0023] The user's line of sight with respect to the displayed image is detected from the captured image of the eyeball 6 obtained by capturing infrared light 8. Any known method can be applied to gaze detection using the captured image of the eyeball 6. As an example, a gaze detection method based on the Purkinje image formed by reflection of irradiated light on the cornea can be used.

[0024] More specifically, gaze detection processing is performed based on the pupil-corneal reflex method. Using the pupil-corneal reflex method, a gaze vector that represents the direction (rotation angle) of the eyeball 6 is calculated based on the pupil image and Purkinje image included in the captured image of the eyeball 6, thereby detecting the user's gaze.

[0025] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the following embodiments. Each embodiment is an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these. The features described in each embodiment may be used in combination.

[0026] [First embodiment] The configuration of a light-emitting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing an example of a light-emitting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting device shown in FIG. 2 taken along line A-A'. Here, the plan view refers to a view seen from a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate (the normal direction to the main surface), and the cross-sectional view refers to a view showing a cross section perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate. In this embodiment, the direction of the functional layer including the light-emitting layer relative to the substrate is referred to as the upward direction, and the opposite direction is referred to as the downward direction. In this embodiment of the present invention, the direction of light emitted from the light-emitting element is upward. In this embodiment, the light-emitting device 1 has lenses (microlenses) for each of the display unit 3 and the infrared light-emitting unit 4 (more specifically, the light-emitting elements arranged therein), thereby improving the extraction efficiency of visible light and infrared light.

[0027] 1, the light emitting device 1 includes a display unit 3 and an infrared light emitting unit 4. Specifically, the display unit 3 and the infrared light emitting unit 4 are disposed on a substrate 2. The display section 3 has a plurality of display light-emitting elements 100, i.e., second light-emitting elements of the present invention, and the plurality of display light-emitting elements 100 are two-dimensionally arranged on the substrate 2 to form a display area 10. In Fig. 2, the planar arrangement of the display light-emitting elements 100 is a delta arrangement, but it may also be a stripe arrangement, a square arrangement, a pentile arrangement, or a Bayer arrangement.

[0028] The display light-emitting element 100 emits visible light (display light), i.e., is capable of emitting light, and is also called a pixel or sub-pixel. In the present disclosure, the region in which the display unit 3 is arranged may be called a second light-emitting region. There are no particular limitations on the color of light emitted from the display light-emitting element 100, and in addition to red light, green light, and blue light, yellow light, white light, etc. may also be emitted. Furthermore, multiple display light-emitting elements may each emit different colors. With this configuration, an image or the like can be formed.

[0029] The infrared light-emitting unit 4 is capable of emitting infrared light for gaze detection and includes a plurality of infrared light-emitting elements 101, i.e., the first light-emitting elements of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the infrared light-emitting elements 101 are two-dimensionally arranged on the substrate 2. In FIG. 2, the planar arrangement of the infrared light-emitting elements 101 is a delta arrangement, but it may be any of a stripe arrangement, a square arrangement, a pentile arrangement, and a Bayer arrangement. The infrared light-emitting unit 4 is not particularly limited in its configuration as long as it includes infrared light-emitting elements 101 capable of emitting infrared light. The infrared light-emitting unit 4 may include, for example, organic light-emitting elements or LED elements. In the present disclosure, the region where the infrared light-emitting unit 4 is arranged may be referred to as the first light-emitting region. In FIG. 2, the infrared light-emitting unit 4 is arranged in a peripheral region located on the periphery of the display region 10, specifically, in the non-display region. However, in addition to the infrared light-emitting unit 4, the non-display region may also include a driving circuit (not shown) including active elements such as transistors to appropriately display images in the display region 10. In this embodiment, the non-display area is provided so as to surround the display area 10, but this is not limitative.

[0030] In FIG. 2, the light-emitting device 1 further includes an imaging unit 5 for detecting infrared light emitted from the infrared light-emitting unit 4 (specifically, the infrared light-emitting element 101) reflected from the eyeball (infrared reflected light). The imaging unit 5 has a plurality of light-receiving elements. The imaging unit 5 having the light-receiving elements may include an imaging element sensitive to the infrared region. The light-receiving element may be, for example, a photodiode, an organic photoelectric conversion element, or an inorganic photoelectric conversion element. The imaging unit 5 may be formed on the same substrate as the display unit 3 and the infrared light-emitting unit 4, or may be formed on a separate substrate and be a separate component. To reduce false detection due to the incidence of visible light, an infrared filter that transmits only infrared light may be provided on the imaging element or the light-receiving element.

[0031] The display light-emitting element 100 may be configured by laminating a lower electrode (third electrode), a light-emitting layer (second light-emitting layer) or a functional layer containing a light-emitting material, and an upper electrode (fourth electrode) on a substrate in this order from the substrate side. In this case, the light-emitting layer or the light-emitting material may be configured to contain a compound having a light wavelength in the visible light range. The lower electrode and the upper electrode are named based on their respective positions. In FIG. 3, the display light-emitting element 100 is configured by laminating a lower electrode (second lower electrode) 12, a functional layer 13 containing a light-emitting layer (second light-emitting layer), an upper electrode (second upper electrode) 14, a protective layer 15, a planarization layer 16, and a microlens 17 on a substrate 2 in this order. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 18 denotes a pixel separation layer (PDL) provided to cover the periphery of the lower electrode 12 (both ends in FIG. 3).

[0032] The pixel separation layer 18 has an opening formed so that a portion of the lower electrode 12 is exposed, and is also called a partition wall, bank, etc. The portion of the lower electrode 12 that is not in contact with the pixel separation layer 18 may be in contact with the functional layer 13, which includes a light-emitting layer. The region where the lower electrode 12 and the functional layer 13 are in contact constitutes a light-emitting region 19 that emits light when an electric field is applied between the lower electrode 12 and the upper electrode 14. In this embodiment, the lower electrode 12 and the functional layer 13 are in contact at an opening in the pixel separation layer 18 (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a "pixel opening region"), and this opening constitutes the light-emitting region 19. The pixel separation layer may have the function of defining the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element. In this case, the pixel separation layer can be formed to accurately form the light-emitting region into a desired shape. In other words, the pixel opening region can be considered as the light-emitting region. The pixel separation layer may also have the function of electrically insulating the lower electrodes of two adjacent light-emitting elements.

[0033] The light-emitting region may be identified by observing the light emission when an electric field is applied from a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate. Alternatively, the light-emitting region may be identified by measuring the distance from one end of the pixel separation layer covering the left edge of the lower electrode to the other end of the pixel separation layer covering the right edge of the lower electrode. In a cross-sectional view, as shown in FIG. 3, the light-emitting region can be identified by measuring the distance from the end of one pixel separation layer covering the left edge of the lower electrode to the end of another pixel separation layer covering the right edge of the lower electrode. The end of the pixel separation layer may be the contact point between the pixel separation layer and the lower electrode. When no pixel separation layer is provided, the light-emitting region may be defined by the shape of the lower electrode.

[0034] The planar shape of light-emitting region 19 (opening in pixel separation layer 18) is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, circular or elliptical, or may be polygonal such as hexagonal or rectangular, or may have other shapes. Alternatively, multiple light-emitting regions may be provided for one light-emitting element by arranging the openings in the pixel separation layer so that multiple openings are assigned to one light-emitting element.

[0035] The infrared light-emitting element 101 may be configured similarly to the display light-emitting element 100. That is, the infrared light-emitting element 101 may be configured by laminating a lower electrode (first electrode), a light-emitting layer (first light-emitting layer) or a functional layer containing a light-emitting substance, and an upper electrode (second electrode) on a substrate in this order from the substrate side. In this case, the light-emitting layer or the light-emitting substance may be configured to contain a compound having a light wavelength in the infrared region. The lower electrode and the upper electrode are named based on their respective positions. In FIG. 3, the infrared light-emitting element 101 is configured by laminating a lower electrode (first lower electrode) 112, a functional layer 113 containing a light-emitting layer (first light-emitting layer), an upper electrode (first upper electrode) 114, a protective layer 115, a planarizing layer 116, and a microlens 117 on a substrate 2 in this order. Note that in FIG. 3, reference numeral 118 denotes a pixel separation layer provided to cover the periphery of the lower electrode 112. The pixel separation layer 118 is as described above.

[0036] The upper electrode may be provided separately for each light-emitting element, or may be provided across the plurality of display light-emitting elements 100 and the plurality of infrared light-emitting elements 101 so as to be shared by the plurality of light-emitting elements 100 and the plurality of infrared light-emitting elements 101. That is, the entire surface of the display region 10 in FIG. 2 may be configured with a common upper electrode, that is, one upper electrode may be provided in the light-emitting device 1. In this embodiment, the functional layer including the light-emitting layer, the upper electrode, the protective layer, and the planarizing layer are shared by the plurality of light-emitting elements 100 and the infrared light-emitting elements 101. The functional layer including the light-emitting layer, the upper electrode, the protective layer, and the planarizing layer may be shared by the plurality of light-emitting elements, or may be provided separately for each light-emitting element. The lower electrodes are arranged one for each of the light emitting element 100 and the infrared light emitting element 101, and are configured so that two adjacent lower electrodes are electrically insulated by pixel separation layers 18, 118.

[0037] The display light-emitting element and the infrared light-emitting element may have a so-called microcavity structure. In this embodiment, when the display light-emitting element 100 and the infrared light-emitting element 101 have a microcavity structure, the following formula (1) holds, where Lr is the optical path length from the upper surface of the lower electrode to the light-emitting position of the functional layer, and Φr is the phase shift when light of wavelength λ is reflected at the interface of the lower electrode.

[0038] Lr=(2m-(Φr / π))×(λ / 4) ···(1) Here, m is an integer equal to or greater than 0. The optical path length of the functional layer can be optimized for each color so as to satisfy the above formula (1).

[0039] If the wavelength λ satisfies the formula (1), the light of each color emitted by the display light-emitting element 100 is intensified, but even if a wavelength λ within a range of values ​​shifted by ±λ / 12 is used, it is possible to intensify the light emitted by the display light-emitting element 100 and the infrared light-emitting element 101. In other words, a wavelength λ that satisfies the following formula (2) may be adopted.

[0040] Lr=(2m-(Φr / π))×(λ / 4)±λ / 12 ···(2) Furthermore, if the optical distance from the light-emitting position of the functional layer to the reflective surface of the upper electrode 14 is Ls and the phase shift when light of wavelength λ is reflected at the interface of the upper electrode is Φs, the following formula (3) holds true, where m' is an integer equal to or greater than 0.

[0041] Ls=(2m'-(Φs / π))×(λ / 4)=-(Φs / π)×(λ / 4) ···(3) Similarly to formula (1), if the wavelength λ satisfies formula (3), the light emitted by the display light-emitting element 100 is intensified, but the light emitted by the display light-emitting element 100 can also be intensified using a wavelength λ within a range of values ​​shifted by ±λ / 12. That is, in this embodiment, a wavelength λ that satisfies the following formula (4) may be adopted.

[0042] Ls=(2m'-(Φs / π))×(λ / 4)±λ / 12 =-(Φs / π)×(λ / 4)±λ / 12 ···(4) Therefore, the total layer interference L approximately satisfies the following equation (5).

[0043] L1=Lr+Ls=(2m-Φ / π)×(λ / 4) ···(5) Here, Φ is the sum of the phase shifts Φr+Φs when light of wavelength λ is reflected at the interface of the lower electrode and the interface of the upper electrode.

[0044] Furthermore, although the wavelength λ that satisfies formula (5) is most intensified, it is also possible to intensify the light emitted by the display light-emitting element 100 and the infrared light-emitting element 101 by using a wavelength λ within a range of values ​​that deviate from the wavelength λ by ±λ / 12. That is, in this embodiment, a wavelength λ that satisfies the following formula (6) may be adopted.

[0045] L1=Lr+Ls=(2m-Φ / π)×(λ / 4)±λ / 12 (6) The optical distances of the display light-emitting element and the infrared light-emitting element may be different. By adopting such a configuration, the display light-emitting element can be positioned at a distance that intensifies visible light (display light), and the infrared light-emitting element can be positioned at a distance that intensifies infrared light emission. With the above configuration, the display light-emitting element 100 and the infrared light-emitting element 101 share a functional layer, and the display light-emitting element 100 mainly emits visible light, while the infrared light-emitting element 101 emits infrared light.

[0046] In the present invention, the light-emitting device 1 may be used together with an eyepiece optical system. In FIG. 4, the light-emitting device 1 is used together with an eyepiece optical system 11 to form an image observation device. In FIG. 4, a solid line indicates light (a bundle of rays) 7 emitted from the display unit 3 of the light-emitting device 1 and incident on the eyeball 6 via the eyepiece optical system 11. A dotted line indicates light (a bundle of rays) 8 emitted from the infrared light-emitting unit 4 of the light-emitting device 1 and incident on the eyeball 6 via the eyepiece optical system 11. A dashed-dotted line indicates light (a bundle of rays) 9 reflected by the user's eyeball 6. The eyepiece optical system 11 may be an optical element that can guide display light 7 emitted from the display surface of the display unit 3 to the eyeball 6. The eyepiece optical system 11 may be an optical element that includes a polarizing element, and a polarizing element may be disposed between the eyepiece optical system 11 and the infrared light-emitting unit 4. In this embodiment, the eyepiece optical system 11 is formed by a display lens. In FIG. 4, the display lens is configured as a pancake lens having two lenses: a lens 11a having a polarization selective transflector (PBS) and a lens 11b having a transflector.

[0047] Display light (visible light) 7 and infrared light 8 emitted from the light-emitting device 1 may reach the user's eyeball 6 through the same eyepiece optical system 11. The display light 7 is projected onto the user's eyeball 6, allowing the observer to view the display image. Meanwhile, the infrared light 8 is reflected by the user's eyeball 6 (specifically, the cornea). Furthermore, the infrared light (reflected infrared light) 9 reflected by the user's eyeball 6 is converted into electrical information by the imaging unit 5, and the line of sight is detected based on that information.

[0048] It is preferable that the display light-emitting element disposed in the display unit 3 does not decrease in brightness even when the user's eyeball 6 moves or the viewing angle changes. On the other hand, the infrared light-emitting element disposed in the infrared light-emitting unit 4 needs to ensure that a certain amount of infrared light 9 reflected by the user's eyeball 6 reaches the imaging unit 5. However, if the directionality of the infrared light from the infrared light-emitting unit 4 is low, the amount of light that reaches the eyeball 6 is reduced due to reflection and absorption by the optical lens that serves as the eyepiece optical system, making it difficult to detect the user's viewing point.

[0049] In this embodiment, the light emitting device 1 has the microlens 117 as a lens (first lens) and the microlens 17 as a lens (second lens), thereby improving the efficiency of extracting visible light and infrared light. Therefore, the amount of visible light and infrared light increases, making it possible to deliver a sufficient amount of visible light and infrared light to the eyeball 6 of the user.

[0050] Next, extraction of light when the light emitting element in this embodiment emits light will be described with reference to Fig. 5. Note that Fig. 5 describes the case where the light emitting element is the first light emitting element, but the second light emitting element can also be configured in the same way.

[0051] Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a light-emitting element constituting a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Note that part of the configuration of the light-emitting element is omitted in Fig. 5. Specifically, for convenience of explanation, only the substrate 2 and the microlenses 117 and light-emitting regions 119 disposed thereon are shown, and everything else is omitted, but various components such as electrodes other than the microlenses 117 and light-emitting regions 119 may also be provided.

[0052] In FIG. 5, the light-emitting element has a substrate 2 and a microlens 117, with a light-emitting region 119 between the substrate 2 and the microlens 117. The microlens 117 is arranged so that its curved portion (convex direction) protrudes toward the opposite side from the substrate, i.e., toward the light emission side (light extraction side). The light-emitting region 119 is a portion of the functional layer corresponding to the opening of the pixel separation layer 118, and light is emitted from this region. In the following description, the direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate may be referred to as the "vertical direction (or normal direction)," and the direction parallel to the main surface of the substrate may be referred to as the "horizontal direction."

[0053] Here, when the direction perpendicular to the substrate (vertical direction) is defined as 0°, a light ray that is tilted at any angle relative to the vertical direction and is emitted from the light-emitting region through a lens (first or second lens), i.e., a light ray that is directed in the opposite direction to the light emission, is sometimes referred to as "virtual light." Virtual light that is incident on the light-emitting region through a lens (first or second lens) is sometimes referred to as "virtual incident light." This refers to the optical path of light (virtual light) that travels in the opposite direction to the light emission. Furthermore, the region formed when the virtual incident light reaches the light-emitting region or the light-emitting region and its periphery (peripheral region) and intersects with it is sometimes referred to as the "virtual light incident region."

[0054] FIG. 5(a) shows the incidence and emission of light in the vertical direction. The diagram on the upper left shows a state in which virtual incident light passes through a lens (first lens) from the vertical direction and is incident toward the light-emitting region. Virtual incident light L1, L1' passes through lens 117 and reaches light-emitting region 119, intersecting with light-emitting region 119 (the center of the light-emitting region in the diagram on the lower left) to form virtual light incidence region 120. The diagram on the lower left shows the relationship between the virtual incident light and the light-emitting region, where virtual light incidence region 120 and light-emitting region 119 overlap to form region (overlap region) 121. Note that in the diagram on the lower left, the region surrounded by a solid line indicates light-emitting region 119, the region surrounded by a dotted line indicates virtual light incidence region 120, and the filled-in region indicates overlap region 121. The diagram on the upper right shows the state in which light is emitted vertically from the light-emitting region through the lens, and when light is emitted from light-emitting region 119, region 121 becomes the portion (region) from which light (infrared light) LU1 and LU1' can be extracted. In other words, virtual light entrance region 120 is the same as the emission region of light (visible light or infrared light).

[0055] On the other hand, FIG. 5(b) shows the incidence and emission of light in a direction tilted at an arbitrary angle θ with respect to the vertical direction. The upper left diagram shows a state in which virtual incident light passes through a lens (first lens) from a direction tilted at an arbitrary angle θ with respect to the vertical direction and enters the light-emitting region. Virtual incident light L2, L2' passes through lens 117 and reaches light-emitting region 119, intersecting with light-emitting region 119 (the left side of the light-emitting region in the lower left diagram (the opposite side from the tilt with respect to the vertical direction)) to form virtual light incidence region 120. As in FIG. 5(a), virtual light incidence region 120 and light-emitting region 119 overlap to form region (overlap region) 121, which is the portion (region) from which light (infrared light) can be extracted when emitted from light-emitting region 119. In other words, virtual light incidence region 120 is the same as the light emission region.

[0056] Furthermore, the effect of improving the directivity of light emitted by the light emitting element in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. Figures 6 to 8 are schematic cross-sectional views showing an example of a light-emitting element constituting a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Note that, like Figure 5, Figures 6 to 8 omit part of the configuration of the light-emitting element. Also, Figures 6 to 8 explain the case where the light-emitting element is a first light-emitting element, but the second light-emitting element can also be configured in the same way.

[0057] Figure 6 shows a state in which, when the area of ​​the area formed when virtual light (virtual incident light) that has passed through a lens (first lens) reaches the light-emitting area of ​​a light-emitting element (first light-emitting element) or this light-emitting area and its surrounding area (peripheral area) is S and the area of ​​the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting element is S', the ratio of S to S' (S / S') is close to 1 (S / S' ≒ 1).

[0058] FIG. 6(a) shows the case where light is extracted from the vertical direction, in which virtual incident light L3, L3' passes through lens (first lens) 117 from the vertical direction, reaches light-emitting region 119, and intersects with light-emitting region 119 (the center of the light-emitting region in the lower left diagram) to form virtual light entrance region 120. Virtual light entrance region 120 and light-emitting region 119 overlap to form region (overlap region) 121, which is a portion (region) from which light (infrared light) can be extracted when emitted from light-emitting region 119. As shown in the lower diagram of FIG. 6(a), virtual light entrance region 120 and light-emitting region 119 nearly coincide with each other, and also nearly coincide with overlap region 121. In other words, the area of ​​overlap region 121 is nearly the same as the areas of virtual light entrance region 120 and light-emitting region 119. Therefore, when light is extracted vertically (from the front), a large amount of light can be extracted efficiently, and as a result, a sufficient amount of light can be delivered to the user's eyes.

[0059] On the other hand, FIG. 6(b) shows a case where light is extracted from an oblique direction, specifically, a direction tilted at an arbitrary angle θ with respect to the vertical direction. Virtual incident light L4, L4' passes through lens (first lens) 117 from a direction tilted at an arbitrary angle θ with respect to the vertical direction, reaches light-emitting region 119 and its peripheral portion, and forms virtual light entrance region 120 so as to partially intersect with light-emitting region 119 (the left side of the interior in the figure (opposite the tilt direction of virtual incident light L4, L4')). Part of virtual light entrance region 120 and part of light-emitting region 119 overlap to form region (overlap region) 121, which is a portion (region) from which light (infrared light) can be extracted when emitted from light-emitting region 119. As shown in the lower diagram of FIG. 6(b), only a portion of virtual light entrance region 120 overlaps with light-emitting region 119, and the majority of overlap region 121 is located outside. Therefore, it is found that the light cannot be extracted efficiently from a direction tilted at an angle θ with respect to the vertical direction, and the viewing angle characteristics are somewhat inferior.

[0060] From the above, it can be seen that according to the present invention, the directivity, efficiency (extraction efficiency), and output of the light-emitting element can be improved, and this is because the ratio (S / S') of the area S to the area S' is close to 1. Note that S / S' may also be 1. In other words, the area of ​​the virtual light incident region and the area of ​​the light-emitting region may be the same.

[0061] Figure 7 shows that when the area of ​​the area formed when virtual light (virtual incident light) that has passed through a lens (first lens) reaches the light-emitting area of ​​a light-emitting element (first light-emitting element) is S and the area of ​​the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting element is S', S' is larger than S, and therefore the ratio of S to S' (S / S') is slightly farther from 1 than in the configuration of Figure 6 (S / S'<1).

[0062] FIG. 7(a) illustrates a case where light is extracted in the vertical direction, in which virtual incident light L5, L5' passes through lens (first lens) 117 from the vertical direction, reaches light-emitting region 119, and intersects with the interior of light-emitting region 119 (the center of the light-emitting region in the figure) to form virtual light incidence region 120. Virtual light incidence region 120 and light-emitting region 119 overlap to form a region (overlapping region) 121 from which light (infrared light) can be extracted when emitted from light-emitting region 119. As shown in the lower diagram of FIG. 7(a), the area (S) of virtual light incidence region 120 is smaller than the area (S') of light-emitting region 119. In other words, overlapping region 121, i.e., the portion (region) from which light can be extracted when emitted from light-emitting region 119, is smaller than light-emitting region 119. Therefore, the configuration of FIG. 7 is considered to be insufficient in terms of efficient light extraction in the vertical direction compared to the configuration of FIG. 6.

[0063] On the other hand, FIG. 7(b) illustrates a case where light is extracted from an oblique direction, specifically, a direction tilted at an arbitrary angle θ with respect to the vertical direction. Virtual incident light L6, L6' passes through lens (first lens) 117 from a direction tilted at an arbitrary angle θ with respect to the vertical direction, reaches light-emitting region 119, and intersects with the left side of light-emitting region 119 (the side opposite the tilt direction of virtual incident light L6, L6') to form virtual light incident region 120. Virtual light incident region 120 and light-emitting region 119 overlap to form a region (overlap region) 121 from which light (infrared light) can be extracted when emitted from light-emitting region 119. As shown in the lower diagram of FIG. 7(b), overlap region 121, i.e., the region from which light can be extracted when emitted from light-emitting region 119, is smaller than light-emitting region 119, as in the case of FIG. 7(a). Therefore, it is considered insufficient to efficiently extract light from a direction tilted at an angle θ with respect to the vertical direction. As shown in the lower diagram of Fig. 7(b), the virtual light incident area 120 is completely contained within the light emitting area 119. Therefore, it can be seen that the configuration of Fig. 7 is advantageous in terms of viewing angle characteristics.

[0064] Figure 8 shows that when the area of ​​the area formed when virtual light (virtual incident light) that has passed through a lens (first lens) reaches the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting element (first light-emitting element) and its surrounding area (peripheral area) is S and the area of ​​the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting element is S', since S' is smaller than S, the ratio of S to S' (S / S') is slightly farther from 1 than in the configuration of Figure 6 (S / S'>1).

[0065] FIG. 8(a) illustrates a case where light is extracted in the vertical direction, in which virtual incident light L7, L7' passes through lens (first lens) 117 from the vertical direction, reaches light emitting region 119 and its periphery, and intersects with light emitting region 119 to form virtual light entrance region 120. That is, a region (overlapping region) 121 is formed in the portion of virtual light entrance region 120 that overlaps with light emitting region 119, from which light (infrared light) can be extracted when emitted from light emitting region 119. As shown in the lower diagram of FIG. 8(a), the area (S) of virtual light entrance region 120 is larger than the area (S') of light emitting region 119. That is, light emitting region 119 and overlapping region 121 are smaller than the portion (region) from which light can be extracted by lens 117. Therefore, the configuration of FIG. 8 is considered to be insufficient in terms of efficient light extraction in the vertical direction compared to the configuration of FIG. 6.

[0066] On the other hand, FIG. 8(b) shows a case where light is extracted from an oblique direction, specifically, a direction tilted at an arbitrary angle θ with respect to the vertical direction. Virtual incident light L8, L8' passes through lens (first lens) 117 from a direction tilted at an arbitrary angle θ with respect to the vertical direction, reaches light-emitting region 119 and its periphery, and intersects with light-emitting region 119 to form virtual light incidence region 120. That is, on the right side of virtual light incidence region 120 (the tilt direction side of virtual incident light L8, L8'), a region (overlapping region) 121 is formed in the portion overlapping light-emitting region 119, from which light (infrared light) can be extracted when emitted from light-emitting region 119. As shown in the lower diagram of FIG. 8(b), light-emitting region 119 and overlapping region 121 are smaller than the portion from which light can be extracted by lens 117, as in the case of FIG. 8(a). Therefore, it is considered that efficient light extraction from a direction tilted at angle θ is insufficient. As shown in the lower diagram of Fig. 8(b), the light emitting area 119 is completely contained within the virtual light incident area 120. Therefore, it can be seen that the configuration of Fig. 8 is advantageous in terms of viewing angle characteristics.

[0067] As described above, according to the present invention, by configuring the ratio of S to S' (S / S') to be far from 1, it is possible to configure a light emitting element that is advantageous in terms of viewing angle characteristics.

[0068] The ratio of S to S' (S / S') is, for example, 0.7

[0069] ​In the present invention, when the area of ​​a virtual light incidence region formed when virtual incident light (preferably virtual incident light incident from a vertical direction) that has passed through the lens (first lens) of an infrared light-emitting element (first light-emitting element) reaches the light-emitting region of the infrared light-emitting element or this light-emitting region and its peripheral area is defined as S1, the area of ​​the light-emitting region of the infrared light-emitting element is defined as S1', the area of ​​a virtual light incidence region formed when virtual incident light (preferably virtual incident light incident from a vertical direction) that has passed through the lens (second lens) of a display light-emitting element (second light-emitting element) reaches the light-emitting region of the display light-emitting element or this light-emitting region and its peripheral area is defined as S2, and the area of ​​the light-emitting region of the display light-emitting element is defined as S2', it is preferable that the ratio of S1 to S1' (S1 / S1') is closer to 1 than the ratio of S2 to S2' (S2 / S2'). This configuration improves the viewing angle characteristics of the light emitted from the display unit (emission of visible light), and also improves the directivity of the light emitted from the infrared light-emitting unit (emission of infrared light), making it possible to efficiently irradiate the infrared light onto the user's eyes.

[0070] Therefore, in this embodiment, when the area of ​​the virtual light entrance region 120 formed when virtual incident light (preferably virtual incident light incident from a vertical direction) that has passed through the lens 117 of the infrared light-emitting element (first light-emitting element) 101 reaches the light-emitting region 119 of the infrared light-emitting element 101 or this light-emitting region 119 and its peripheral area is defined as S1, the area of ​​the light-emitting region 119 of the infrared light-emitting element 101 is defined as S1', the area of ​​the virtual light entrance region 20 formed when virtual incident light (preferably virtual incident light incident from a vertical direction) that has passed through the lens (second lens) 17 of the display light-emitting element (second light-emitting element) 100 reaches the light-emitting region 19 of the display light-emitting element 100 or this light-emitting region 19 and its peripheral area is defined as S2, and the area of ​​the light-emitting region of the display light-emitting element 100 is defined as S2', it is preferable to satisfy the following relationship: the ratio of S1 to S1' (S1 / S1') is closer to 1 than the ratio of S2 to S2' (S2 / S2'). In this embodiment, for at least the infrared light-emitting element, the ratio of S to S’ (S / S’) preferably satisfies the relationship of 0.7 < S / S’ < 1.3, and more preferably satisfies the relationship of 0.9 < S / S’ < 1.1.

[0071] In this embodiment, when the area of the pixel aperture region of the infrared light-emitting element (first light-emitting element) 101 is R1’ and the area of the pixel aperture region of the display light-emitting element (second light-emitting element) 100 is R2’, the R1’ may be smaller than the R2’. That is, R1’ < R2’ may be satisfied. With such a configuration, the light output in the infrared light-emitting element is more likely to be performed with higher luminous efficiency than the light output in the display light-emitting element. This is because, generally, a lens, particularly a microlens, has the property of concentrating light more as the light is emitted from closer to the center of the pixel aperture region. Therefore, the smaller the area of the pixel aperture region, the more light can be emitted in the vertical direction with a smaller input current, and it can be said that the light extraction efficiency is high. Note that the area of the pixel aperture region is usually the same as the area of the light-emitting region. That is, since R’ = S’, R1’ = S1’, and R2’ = S2’, S1’ < S2’ may be satisfied. Also, for the same reason, the ratio of the area of the pixel aperture region in the infrared light-emitting unit 4 may be smaller than the ratio of the area of the pixel aperture region in the display unit 3.

[0072] In this embodiment, when the bottom area of the first lens (microlens in this embodiment) of the infrared light-emitting element is T1 and the area of the pixel aperture region of the infrared light-emitting element is R1’, while the bottom area of the second lens (microlens in this embodiment) of the display light-emitting element is T2 and the area of the pixel aperture region of the display light-emitting element is R2’, the ratio of R1’ to T1 (R1’ / T1) may be smaller than the ratio of R2’ to T2 (R2’ / T2). Here, the portion where the height of the lens is minimized at the boundary with the adjacent lens can be regarded as an outer edge defining a predetermined shape in a plan view. The surface defined by this outer edge can be understood as the bottom surface of the lens.

[0073] ]] Lenses, particularly microlenses, have the effect of greatly expanding and emitting light from a small pixel aperture region, and the smaller R' / T, the lower the lens's input current is required to emit light in the vertical direction, resulting in higher light extraction efficiency. Therefore, by using the above configuration to make the ratio (R1' / T1) in the infrared light-emitting element smaller than the ratio (R2' / T2) in the display light-emitting element, the vertical light emission efficiency of the infrared light-emitting element can be made higher than that of the display light-emitting element.

[0074] In this embodiment, the lens may be configured so that the inclination of its outermost surface is close to vertical. This configuration makes it easier to extract light emitted in an oblique direction from the light-emitting region in the front direction, thereby further improving directivity. The inclination of the outermost surface of the lens may be made closer to vertical by, for example, making the height of the lens greater than its radial length in a cross-sectional view, or by making the radial length of the lens smaller than its height.

[0075] 9A and 9B are schematic diagrams of an example of a light-emitting element in a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 9A, the lens height is defined as the length from the midpoint to the apex of the lens (the length of the perpendicular line from the apex of the lens to the bottom surface of the lens), and the lens height of the first lens of the infrared light-emitting element is defined as h IR The lens height of the second lens of the display light emitting element is h RGB When the above h IR h RGB By making it larger, the slope of the outermost surface of the lens may be closer to vertical.

[0076] The lens radius is the length from the midpoint of the lens to one end of the bottom, as shown in FIG. 9(b), and the lens radius of the first lens of the infrared light emitting element is r IR On the other hand, the lens radius of the second lens of the display light emitting element is r RGB When the above r IR The r RGBBy making it smaller, the inclination of the outermost surface of the lens may become closer to vertical. The midpoint of the lens here refers to the midpoint between one end and the other end of the lens in a cross section that passes through the apex of the lens and is perpendicular to the substrate.

[0077] [Second embodiment] 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a light emitting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the light emitting device 1 has a color filter. Other than that, it is the same as the first embodiment.

[0078] In FIG. 10, color filters 22a to 22c are disposed on the planarization layer 16. In FIG. 10, pixels (display light-emitting elements) each including the color filters 22a to 22c are defined as sub-pixels, and these three sub-pixels can be considered as one main pixel. There are no particular limitations on the colors of the sub-pixels. It is particularly preferable to select three colors, red, green, and blue, as the colors of the sub-pixels, and additive color mixing of these sub-pixels enables full-color display. Light emitted from the light-emitting region 19 passes through the color filters 22a to 22c, thereby increasing color purity. Note that a color filter, for example, a color filter that transmits infrared light, may also be disposed on the infrared light-emitting element 101.

[0079] By using a color filter, it is possible to adjust the ratio (S1 / S1') in the infrared light-emitting element (first light-emitting element) to be closer to 1 than the ratio (S2 / S2') in the display light-emitting element (second light-emitting element).

[0080] 11 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 11(b), the display light-emitting element 100 has a color filter 22. On the other hand, in FIG. 11(a), the infrared light-emitting element 101 does not have a color filter. Therefore, in the configuration of FIG. 11, the minimum height from the surface of the lower electrode 12 of the display light-emitting element 100 to the bottom surface of the microlens 17 (the length of the perpendicular line from the midpoint of the microlens 17 to the surface of the lower electrode 12) is H RGBThe minimum height from the surface of the lower electrode 112 of the infrared light emitting element 101 to the bottom surface of the microlens 117 (the length of the perpendicular line from the midpoint of the microlens 117 to the surface of the lower electrode 112) is H IR When H IR <H RGB With this configuration, it is easier to make the ratio (S1 / S1') in the infrared light emitting element closer to 1 than the ratio (S2 / S2') in the display element.

[0081] [Third embodiment] The positional relationship between the center of the light-emitting region of the display light-emitting element (second light-emitting element) and the apex of the second lens may be changed without changing the positional relationship between the center of the light-emitting region of the infrared light-emitting element (first light-emitting element) and the apex of the first lens. For example, the apex of the first lens of the infrared light-emitting element may be positioned so as to overlap with the center of the light-emitting region of the infrared light-emitting element in a planar view, while the apex of the second lens of the display light-emitting element may not overlap with the center of the light-emitting region of the display light-emitting element in a planar view (the position of the apex of the second lens of the display light-emitting element may be different from the position of the center of the light-emitting region of the display light-emitting element in a planar view). The change in the positional relationship may be performed for at least one display light-emitting element.

[0082] In this embodiment, in order to improve the directionality of infrared light, the positional relationship between the center of the light-emitting area of ​​the display light-emitting element 100 arranged in the display unit 3 and the apex of the lens (microlens) directly above this light-emitting area is changed from that in the second embodiment. Other than that, it is the same as the second embodiment.

[0083] Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a light-emitting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Note that Fig. 12 omits some of the light-emitting elements and light-receiving elements. Specifically, only the lower electrodes 12 and pixel separation layers 18 of some of the display light-emitting elements 100 constituting the display unit 3, the lower electrodes 112, pixel separation layers 118, and microlenses 117 of some of the infrared light-emitting elements 101 constituting the infrared light-emitting unit 4, and the light-receiving regions 22 of some of the light-receiving elements are shown, and some of the light-emitting elements and light-receiving elements arranged between the light-emitting elements (pixels) are omitted for convenience.

[0084] 12 is the same as the configuration of the second embodiment, except that in some of the display light-emitting elements 100 arranged in the display unit 3, lenses (second lenses) are composed of symmetrical microlenses, and the lenses are arranged so that their vertices are shifted from the centers of the light-emitting areas. Here, "X is shifted with respect to Y" means that X and Y do not overlap with each other in a plan view when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate and / or in a cross-sectional view when viewed from a cross section perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate, and that X and Y are separated by a certain distance.

[0085] When the light-emitting region has a polygonal shape, the center of the inscribed circle of the polygon can be regarded as the center of the light-emitting region. When the light-emitting region has a circular or elliptical shape, the center of the circle or ellipse can be regarded as the center of the light-emitting region. Alternatively, when the light-emitting surface is viewed from a direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface when an electric field is applied to the light-emitting region, the center of gravity of the figure defined by the outer edge of the light-emitting region can be understood as the center of the light-emitting region. When viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate, the midpoint of the light-emitting region can be regarded as the center of the light-emitting region. The midpoint of the light-emitting region may be a point equidistant from both ends on the line segment connecting the left end of the lower electrode and the right end of the lower electrode, or a point equidistant from both ends on the line segment connecting one end of the pixel separation layer covering the left edge of the lower electrode and the other end of the pixel separation layer covering the right side of the lower electrode.

[0086] In Fig. 12, lens 117 arranged directly above light-emitting region 119 is a symmetrical microlens, but its apex is not offset from the center of light-emitting region 119. On the other hand, lenses 17a to 17e arranged directly above light-emitting regions 19a to 19e are symmetrical microlenses, similar to the configuration in Fig. 10, but among these lenses, microlenses 17b to 17e are arranged so that their apexes are offset from the centers of light-emitting regions 19b to 19e. Note that in Fig. 12, microlens 17a directly above light-emitting region 19a is not arranged so that its apex is offset from the center of light-emitting region 19a, but it may be arranged so that its apex is offset at a point O.

[0087] 12, microlens 17b directly above light-emitting region 19b is disposed so that its apex is offset by 200b in a cross-sectional view from the center O of light-emitting device 1 toward the outside P (to the left in FIG. 12) relative to the center of light-emitting region 19b. Similarly, microlens 17c directly above light-emitting region 19c is disposed so that its apex is offset by 200c from the center of light-emitting region 19c in a direction from the center O of light-emitting device 1 toward the outside P, microlens 17d directly above light-emitting region 19d is disposed so that its apex is offset by 200d from the center of light-emitting region 19d, and microlens 17e directly above light-emitting region 19e is disposed so that its apex is offset by 200e from the center of light-emitting region 19e in a direction from the center O of light-emitting device 1 toward the outside Q (to the right in FIG. 12). In other words, in FIG. 12, among the microlenses arranged in the display unit 3, the microlenses 17d and 17e arranged outside the light-emitting device 1 are misaligned in different directions from the microlenses 17d and 17e.

[0088] Therefore, in the central region located at the center of the display area 10, light rays directed in the normal direction (front direction) to the display surface are used. On the other hand, in the peripheral region located on the periphery of the display area 10, i.e., the region where the display light emitting elements arranged on the outside are present, light rays bent in a direction oblique to the normal direction to the display surface are used, and the light rays are incident on the user's eyeball 6 and form an image. As a result, in the peripheral region, the extraction efficiency of visible light emitted in a direction oblique to the normal direction to the display surface is improved.

[0089] The positional relationship between the center of the light-emitting area and the apex of the lens (microlens) directly above this light-emitting area may be changed by using an asymmetric lens (such as a lens whose apex is offset from the center of the lens (the center of gravity of the shape formed by the lines connecting the ends of the lens in a planar view)) as the lens placed directly above the light-emitting area.

[0090] As with the microlens 17, the color filters 22a to 22e may also be arranged so as to be offset from the centers of the light-emitting regions 19a to 19e, respectively.

[0091] Also, a light receiving unit configured to receive infrared light emitted by the infrared light emitting element, more specifically, infrared light emitted from the infrared light emitting element and reflected by the eyeball, may be provided. Specifically, a light receiving region 23 that receives infrared light emitted by the infrared light emitting element may be disposed in the imaging unit 5. In this case, a lens (third lens) may be disposed above the light receiving region 23, and the apex of this lens may be disposed so as to be displaced from the light receiving region 23 (for example, its center).

[0092] According to this embodiment, the directivity of the infrared light emitting element can be increased without reducing the display quality of the display light emitting element, and light can be efficiently delivered to the imaging section (particularly its light receiving region).

[0093] [Light-emitting element configuration] In a light-emitting element according to one embodiment of the present invention, an insulating layer, a lower electrode, a functional layer including a light-emitting layer, and an upper electrode may be formed on a substrate. A protective layer, a color filter, a microlens, etc. may be provided on the upper electrode. When a color filter is provided, a planarizing layer may be provided between the protective layer. The planarizing layer may be made of an acrylic resin or the like. The same applies when a planarizing layer is provided between the color filter and the microlens.

[0094] [substrate] The substrate constituting the light-emitting element is made of a plate-like member having a main surface, and may be a semiconductor substrate such as a silicon substrate, or an insulating substrate such as glass, quartz, or resin. The substrate may also be flexible. Examples of materials for the substrate include at least one of quartz, glass, silicon, resin, and metal. The substrate may include switching elements such as transistors and wiring. The substrate itself may be insulating, or the substrate may have an insulating layer (insulating film) thereon.

[0095] [Insulating layer] An insulating layer (insulating film) may be provided on the substrate. The insulating layer may be made of any material as long as it allows for the formation of contact holes so that wiring can be formed between the substrate and the lower electrode (first electrode or third electrode) and ensures insulation from wiring that is not connected. For example, the insulating layer may be made of inorganic materials such as silicon nitride (SiN), silicon oxynitride (SiON), or silicon oxide (SiO). The insulating layer may be formed using known techniques such as sputtering or chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The insulating layer may also be formed using organic materials such as acrylic resin or polyimide resin.

[0096] [electrode] A pair of electrodes can be used as the electrodes of the light-emitting element. The pair of electrodes may be an anode and a cathode. When an electric field is applied in the direction in which the light-emitting element emits light, the electrode with the higher potential is the anode, and the other is the cathode. It can also be said that the electrode that supplies holes to the light-emitting layer or the light-emitting substance is the anode, and the electrode that supplies electrons is the cathode. In this embodiment, the lower electrode (first electrode, third electrode) is the anode, and the upper electrode (second electrode, fourth electrode) is the cathode (light extraction electrode), but the lower electrode may be the cathode, and in that case, the upper electrode may be the anode.

[0097] (anode) The anode material should have as high a work function as possible. For example, simple metals such as gold, platinum, silver, copper, nickel, palladium, cobalt, selenium, vanadium, and tungsten, or mixtures containing these metals, can be used for the anode. Alternatively, alloys combining these simple metals, or metal oxides such as tin oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), and zinc indium oxide can be used for the anode. Conductive polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene can also be used for the anode.

[0098] These electrode materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more materials. The anode may be composed of one layer or multiple layers.

[0099] When the electrode of the light-emitting element is configured as a reflective electrode, the electrode material can be, for example, chromium, aluminum, silver, titanium, tungsten, molybdenum, or an alloy or laminate thereof. The above materials can also function as a reflective film without functioning as an electrode. When used as a transparent electrode, a transparent conductive oxide layer such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide can be used, but is not limited to these. Photolithography technology can be used to form the electrode.

[0100] (cathode) On the other hand, materials with a low work function are preferred for the cathode. Examples include alkali metals such as lithium, alkaline earth metals such as calcium, and metals such as aluminum, titanium, manganese, silver, lead, and chromium, as well as mixtures containing these metals. Alternatively, alloys combining these metals can be used. For example, magnesium-silver, aluminum-lithium, aluminum-magnesium, silver-copper, and zinc-silver can be used. Metal oxides such as indium tin oxide (ITO) can also be used. These electrode materials can be used alone or in combination. The cathode can have either a single-layer or multi-layer structure. Among these, silver is preferred, and a silver alloy is even more preferred to reduce silver aggregation. The alloy ratio is not critical as long as silver aggregation can be reduced. For example, the silver:other metal ratio can be 1:1, 3:1, or the like.

[0101] The cathode may be a top-emission element using an oxide conductive layer such as ITO, or a bottom-emission element using a reflective electrode such as aluminum (Al), and is not particularly limited. The method for forming the cathode is not particularly limited, but DC and AC sputtering methods are preferred because they provide good film coverage and make it easier to reduce resistance. The upper electrode may be provided separately for each light-emitting element, or may be provided across the plurality of light-emitting elements 100 and the plurality of infrared light-emitting elements 101 so as to be shared by the plurality of light-emitting elements 100 and the plurality of infrared light-emitting elements 101. Also, the entire display region 10 may be configured with a common upper electrode, i.e., one upper electrode may be provided for the light-emitting device 1.

[0102] [Organic compound layer as a functional layer] The organic compound layer as a functional layer has a light-emitting layer containing a light-emitting substance and is disposed on the lower electrode. The organic compound layer can be formed by known techniques such as vapor deposition or spin coating. The organic compound layer may be formed as a single layer or as multiple layers. Examples of multiple layers include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a light-emitting layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer. Other layers such as a charge generation layer and an electron blocking layer may be included between these layers.

[0103] An organic light-emitting element emits light by recombining holes injected from the anode and electrons injected from the cathode in the light-emitting layer. The light-emitting layer may be composed of an inorganic compound, an organic compound, or both. When the light-emitting layer is composed of an organic compound, the light-emitting device can be called an "organic light-emitting device," and the "light-emitting element" can be called an organic light-emitting element. The organic compound layer may be composed primarily of organic compounds and may also contain inorganic atoms or inorganic compounds. For example, it may contain copper, lithium, magnesium, aluminum, iridium, platinum, molybdenum, zinc, etc. Note that when the light-emitting layer or light-emitting material in the organic compound layer of the display light-emitting element is organic, i.e., when the display light-emitting element is composed of an organic light-emitting element, it is preferable that the infrared light-emitting element is also an organic light-emitting element. In this case, the display light-emitting element and the infrared light-emitting element can be manufactured using the same process. The organic compound layer may be disposed between the lower electrode and the upper electrode, or may be disposed in contact with the lower electrode and the upper electrode.

[0104] The light-emitting material forming the light-emitting layer may be a fluorescent material, a phosphorescent material, a delayed fluorescent material, or a quantum dot such as CdS or perovskite. The light-emitting substance may be any of these materials or a substance that forms quantum dots. The light-emitting layer may have multiple layers or a single layer. When there are multiple light-emitting layers, one of the light-emitting layers may contain a red light-emitting material, a green light-emitting material, and a red light-emitting material, and white light can be obtained by mixing the respective light-emitting colors. Furthermore, one of the organic compound layers may contain light-emitting materials of complementary colors, such as a blue light-emitting material and a yellow light-emitting material. Furthermore, different colors may be emitted by changing the materials and composition contained in the light-emitting layer for each light-emitting pixel.

[0105] When an organic compound layer capable of emitting light in a wavelength range from the visible to the infrared region is selected as the organic compound layer, the display light-emitting element 100 and the infrared light-emitting element 101 may have one light-emitting layer. That is, a plurality of display light-emitting elements and a plurality of infrared light-emitting elements may share one light-emitting layer. Alternatively, a light-emitting layer may be provided for each of the display light-emitting elements and the infrared light-emitting elements. In this case, the light-emitting layer may be patterned for each of the light-emitting elements 100 and the infrared light-emitting element 101.

[0106] [Organic compound layer] When the functional layer including the light-emitting layer is an organic compound layer, the organic compound layer (hole injection layer, hole transport layer, electron blocking layer, light-emitting layer, hole blocking layer, electron transport layer, electron injection layer, etc.) can be formed using a dry process such as vacuum deposition, ionization deposition, sputtering, plasma, etc. Alternatively, a wet process can be used in which the compound is dissolved in an appropriate solvent and a layer is formed using a known coating method (e.g., spin coating, dipping, casting, LB method, inkjet method, etc.). Forming a layer using a vacuum deposition method or solution coating method, etc., makes it less likely to crystallize and provides excellent stability over time. When forming a film using a coating method, a film can also be formed by combining it with an appropriate binder resin.

[0107] Examples of binder resins include, but are not limited to, polyvinyl carbazole resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, ABS resin, acrylic resin, polyimide resin, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, and urea resin. These binder resins may be used alone or in combination as homopolymers or copolymers. If necessary, known additives such as plasticizers, antioxidants, and ultraviolet absorbers may be used in combination.

[0108] [Pixel isolation layer] The pixel separation layer (PDL) is formed using a silicon nitride (SiN), silicon oxynitride (SiON), or silicon oxide (SiO) film formed using chemical vapor deposition (CVD). To increase the in-plane resistance of the functional layer, particularly the organic compound layer, it is preferable that the organic compound layer, particularly the hole transport layer, be thinly deposited on the sidewall of the pixel separation layer. Specifically, the thickness of the sidewall can be reduced by increasing the taper angle of the pixel separation layer sidewall or the thickness of the pixel separation layer, thereby increasing vignetting during deposition.

[0109] On the other hand, it is preferable to adjust the sidewall taper angle and film thickness of the pixel separation layer to such an extent that voids are not formed in the protective layer formed thereon. Since voids are not formed in the protective layer, the occurrence of defects in the protective layer can be reduced. Since the occurrence of defects in the protective layer is reduced, deterioration in reliability such as the occurrence of dark spots and poor conduction of the upper electrode can be reduced.

[0110] According to this embodiment, charge leakage to adjacent pixels can be effectively suppressed even if the taper angle of the sidewall of the pixel separation layer is not steep. As a result of research by the inventors, it was found that charge leakage can be sufficiently reduced if the taper angle is in the range of 60 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less. The thickness of the pixel separation layer is preferably 10 nm or more and 150 nm or less. Similar effects can also be achieved even if the pixel electrode is composed only of a pixel electrode without a pixel separation layer. However, in this case, it is preferable to make the thickness of the pixel electrode less than half that of the functional layer or to make the edge of the pixel electrode forward tapered at less than 60 degrees, as this reduces short circuits in light-emitting elements, particularly organic light-emitting elements.

[0111] [Protective layer] A protective layer may be provided on the upper electrode of the light-emitting element. For example, by bonding glass with a moisture absorbent to the second electrode, the intrusion of water and other substances into the functional layer, particularly the organic compound layer, can be reduced, thereby reducing the occurrence of display defects. In another embodiment, a passivation film such as silicon nitride may be provided on the cathode to reduce the intrusion of water and other substances into the functional layer. For example, after forming the cathode, the cathode may be transferred to another chamber without breaking the vacuum, and a 2 μm-thick silicon nitride film may be formed by CVD to serve as a protective layer. A protective layer may be provided using atomic layer deposition (ALD) after the CVD film formation. The material of the film formed by ALD is not limited, and may be silicon nitride, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, etc. Silicon nitride may be further formed on the film formed by ALD by CVD. The film formed by ALD may have a thickness smaller than that of the film formed by CVD. Specifically, the thickness may be 50% or less, or even 10% or less. A protective layer may be disposed across multiple display elements and multiple infrared-emitting elements.

[0112] [Electrode or layer formation between light-emitting elements] When a common electrode or layer exists between one light-emitting element and another light-emitting element, the electrode or layer may be disposed so as to extend between the light-emitting element and the other light-emitting element as long as it does not adversely affect the light extraction structure. For example, the upper electrode may be shared by a plurality of light-emitting elements 100 and a plurality of infrared-emitting elements 101. Furthermore, the entire display region 10 may be formed of a common upper electrode.

[0113] [Color Filter] For the light-emitting element, a color filter may be provided on the protective layer. For example, a color filter taking into account the size of the light-emitting element may be provided on a separate substrate and then bonded to the substrate on which the light-emitting element is provided, or a color filter may be patterned on the protective layer described above using photolithography technology. The color filter may be made of a polymer. Note that for the light-receiving element, a color filter may also be provided, for example, above the light-receiving region. Regarding the color filter, when the color filter is viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate, the midpoint of the color filter can be understood as the center of the color filter.

[0114] [Planarization layer] When a color filter is provided on the protective layer, the light-emitting element may have a planarization layer (planarization film) between the color filter and the protective layer. The planarization layer is provided for the purpose of reducing unevenness of the underlying layer. When the purpose is not limited, the planarization layer may also be called a resin layer. The planarization layer may be composed of an organic compound, and may be either a low molecular weight or a high molecular weight, but a high molecular weight is preferred.

[0115] The planarizing layer may be provided above or below the color filter, and may be made of the same or different materials, such as polyvinyl carbazole resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, ABS resin, acrylic resin, polyimide resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, and urea resin.

[0116] [lens] The light-emitting element may have an optical component such as a lens on its light-emitting side, for example, on a planarization layer. The light-receiving element may also have a lens on its upper side, for example, on the light-receiving side. The lens may be provided on the light-extraction side of the light-emitting device, and the convex direction of the lens may point toward the light-extraction side. In other words, the convex direction of the lens may point away from the substrate, or toward the substrate. The lens may be an optical component such as a so-called microlens. The lens may be made of acrylic resin, epoxy resin, or the like. The lens may be intended to increase the amount of light extracted from the light-emitting element and to control the direction of the extracted light.

[0117] The lens may be not only a spherical lens, but also an aspherical lens, an asymmetric lens, or a digital microlens. The lens may be a lens with a small diameter. The lens may have a hemispherical shape. When the lens has a hemispherical shape, among the tangents to the hemisphere, there is a tangent that is parallel to the main surface of the substrate, and the tangency point between this tangent and the hemisphere is the vertex of the lens. The vertex of the lens can be determined in the same way in any cross-sectional view. That is, among the tangents to the semicircle of the lens in the cross-sectional view, there is a tangent that is parallel to the main surface of the substrate, and the tangency point between this tangent and the semicircle is the vertex of the lens. Note that the vertex of the lens can also be defined in the same way when the lens has a curved lens shape other than a hemispherical lens, such as an elliptical lens or a parabolic lens.

[0118] The midpoint of the lens can also be defined. In the cross section of the lens, a line segment is imagined from the point where the arc shape ends (approximately the same as one end of the lens) to the point where another arc shape ends (approximately the same as the other end of the lens), and the midpoint of this line segment can be called the midpoint of the lens. The cross section for determining the vertex and midpoint may be a cross section perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate.

[0119] The lens has a first surface having a convex portion and a second surface opposite the first surface. It is preferable that the second surface is disposed closer to the functional layer than the first surface. To achieve such a configuration, it is necessary to form the lens on the light-emitting element. When the functional layer is an organic compound layer, it is preferable to avoid processes that result in high temperatures during the manufacturing process. Furthermore, when the functional layer is an organic compound layer and the second surface is disposed closer to the organic compound layer than the first surface, it is preferable that the glass transition temperatures of all of the organic compounds that make up the organic compound layer are 100°C or higher, and more preferably 130°C or higher.

[0120] [Counter substrate] In a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention, a counter substrate may be disposed on the planarization layer. The counter substrate is called a counter substrate because it is disposed at a position corresponding to the aforementioned substrate. The constituent material of the counter substrate may be the same as that of the aforementioned substrate. When the aforementioned substrate is the first substrate, the counter substrate can be the second substrate.

[0121] [Pixel circuit] A light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a pixel circuit connected to a light-emitting element. The pixel circuit may be an active matrix type that controls the emission of one light-emitting element independently of another. The active matrix type circuit may be voltage-programmed or current-programmed. The drive circuit has a pixel circuit for each pixel. The pixel circuit may include a light-emitting element, a transistor that controls the emission brightness of the light-emitting element, a transistor that controls the emission timing, a capacitor that holds the gate voltage of the transistor that controls the emission brightness, and a transistor for connecting to GND without going through the light-emitting element.

[0122] A light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention may have a display area and a peripheral area (non-display area) arranged around the display area. A pixel circuit may be arranged in the display area, and a display control circuit may be arranged in the peripheral area. The mobility of a transistor constituting the pixel circuit may be smaller than the mobility of a transistor constituting the display control circuit. The slope of the current-voltage characteristics of a transistor constituting the pixel circuit may be smaller than the slope of the current-voltage characteristics of a transistor constituting the display control circuit. The slope of the current-voltage characteristics can be measured by the so-called Vg-Ig characteristics. The transistor constituting the pixel circuit is a transistor connected to a light-emitting element, such as one light-emitting element.

[0123] [Pixels] A light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention may have multiple pixels. Each pixel may have sub-pixels, i.e., display light-emitting elements, that emit different colors. The sub-pixels may each emit RGB colors, for example. The pixel emits light in an area also called a pixel aperture. This area is the same as the first area. The pixel aperture may be 15 μm or less, or 5 μm or more. More specifically, it may be 11 μm, 9.5 μm, 7.4 μm, 6.4 μm, etc. The distance between the sub-pixels may be 10 μm or less, specifically, 8 μm, 7.4 μm, or 6.4 μm.

[0124] The pixels may have a known arrangement in plan view. For example, they may be a stripe arrangement, a delta arrangement, a pentile arrangement, or a Bayer arrangement. The shape of the sub-pixels in plan view may be any known shape. For example, they may be rectangular, quadrilaterals such as diamonds, or hexagons. Note that a sub-pixel shape that is close to a rectangle is considered to be included in the rectangle. Therefore, the shape of the sub-pixels may be a shape that approximates any of the known shapes described above. A pixel can be configured by combining the shape of the sub-pixels and the pixel arrangement.

[0125] [Use of the light emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention] The light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention can be used as a component of a display device or a lighting device, and can also be used as an exposure light source for an electrophotographic image forming device, a backlight for a liquid crystal display device, or a light-emitting device having a white light source and a color filter.

[0126] The display device may be an image information processing device that has an image input unit that inputs image information from an area CCD, a linear CCD, a memory card, etc., has an information processing unit that processes the input information, and displays the input image on the display unit.

[0127] The display unit of the imaging device or inkjet printer may have a touch panel function. The driving method of this touch panel function may be an infrared method, a capacitance method, a resistive film method, or an electromagnetic induction method, and is not particularly limited. The display device may also be used in the display unit of a multifunction printer. Hereinafter, application examples of the light emitting device will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

[0128] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a display device using the light-emitting device according to this embodiment. The display device 1000 may include a touch panel 1003, a display panel 1005, a frame 1006, a circuit board 1007, and a battery 1008 between an upper cover 1001 and a lower cover 1009. The touch panel 1003 and the display panel 1005 are connected via flexible printed circuits FPCs 1002 and 1004. An active element such as a transistor may be disposed on the circuit board 1007. In FIG. 21, transistors are printed on the circuit board 1007. The battery 1008 may not be disposed if the display device is not a portable device, and may be disposed in a different location even if the display device is a portable device. The light-emitting device according to this embodiment can be applied to the display panel 1005. The display area (light-emitting area) of the light-emitting device functioning as the display panel 1005 is connected to and operates with active elements such as transistors disposed on the circuit board 1007.

[0129] The display device may have color filters having red, green, and blue colors, the red, green, and blue colors being arranged in a delta configuration.

[0130] The display device may be used as a display unit of a mobile terminal. In this case, the display device may have both a display function and an operation function. Examples of the mobile terminal include a mobile phone such as a smartphone, a tablet, and a head-mounted display.

[0131] A display device using the light-emitting device according to this embodiment may be used as a display unit of an imaging device having an optical unit with multiple lenses and an imaging element that receives light that has passed through the optical unit. The imaging device may have a display unit that displays information acquired by the imaging element. The display unit may be a display unit exposed to the outside of the imaging device or a display unit located within a viewfinder. The imaging device may be a digital camera or a digital video camera.

[0132] 14(a) is a schematic diagram showing an example of an imaging device using the display device according to this embodiment. The imaging device 1100 may have a viewfinder 1101, a rear display 1102, an operation unit 1103, and a housing 1104. The light-emitting device according to this embodiment can be applied to the viewfinder 1101 or the rear display 1102, which are the display units. In this case, the display area (light-emitting area) of the light-emitting device may display not only the image to be captured, but also environmental information, imaging instructions, etc. The environmental information may include the intensity of external light, the direction of external light, the moving speed of the subject, the possibility that the subject will be blocked by an obstruction, etc.

[0133] Since the optimum timing for capturing an image is often a short time, it is better to display information as soon as possible. Therefore, it is preferable to use light-emitting elements using organic light-emitting materials such as organic EL elements, that is, light-emitting devices in which organic light-emitting elements are arranged in the display area (light-emitting area), for the viewfinder 1101 and rear display 1102. This is because organic light-emitting elements have a fast response speed. Light-emitting devices using organic light-emitting elements can be used more preferably than liquid crystal display devices, which require high display speed.

[0134] The imaging device 1100 has an optical section (not shown). The optical section has multiple lenses, which form an image on an imaging element housed in a housing 1104. The focus of the multiple lenses can be adjusted by adjusting their relative positions. This operation can also be performed automatically. The imaging device may also be called a photoelectric conversion device. Instead of sequentially capturing images, the photoelectric conversion device can include an imaging method that detects the difference from the previous image, or a method of cutting out an image from a constantly recorded image, etc.

[0135] The light-emitting device according to the present embodiment may be applied to the display unit of an electronic device. In this case, the light-emitting device may have both a display function and an operation function. Examples of the portable terminal include a mobile phone such as a smartphone, a tablet, and a head-mounted display.

[0136] FIG. 14(b) is a schematic diagram showing an example of an electronic device using the light-emitting device according to this embodiment. The electronic device 1200 has a display unit 1201, an operation unit 1202, and a housing 1203. The housing 1203 may have a circuit, a printed circuit board having the circuit, a battery, and a communication unit. The operation unit 1202 may be a button or a touch panel type reaction unit. The operation unit may be a biometric recognition unit that recognizes a fingerprint to unlock the device, etc. An electronic device having a communication unit can also be called a communication device. The electronic device may further have a camera function by including a lens and an image sensor. An image captured by the camera function is displayed on the display unit. Examples of the electronic device include a smartphone and a laptop computer. The light-emitting device according to this embodiment can be applied to the display unit 1201.

[0137] 15A and 15B are schematic diagrams showing an example of a display device using the light-emitting device according to this embodiment. FIG. 15A shows a display device such as a television monitor or a PC monitor. The display device 1300 has a frame 1301 and a display unit 1302. The light-emitting device according to this embodiment can be applied to the display unit 1302.

[0138] The display device 1300 may have a frame 1301 and a base 1303 that supports a display unit 1302. The base 1303 is not limited to the form shown in FIG. 23(a). The bottom side of the frame 1301 may also serve as the base. The frame 1301 and the display unit 1302 may be curved. The radius of curvature may be 5000 mm or more and 6000 mm or less.

[0139] FIG. 15(b) is a schematic diagram illustrating another example of a display device using the light-emitting device according to this embodiment. The display device 1310 in FIG. 15(b) is configured to be bendable, and is a so-called foldable display device. The display device 1310 has a first display unit 1311, a second display unit 1312, a housing 1313, and a bending point 1314. The light-emitting device according to this embodiment can be applied to the first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 may be a single display unit without any joints. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 can be separated by the bending point. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 may each display different images, or the first and second display units may display a single image.

[0140] 16, a further application example of the light emitting device of this embodiment will be described. The light emitting device can be applied to a system that can be worn as a wearable device, such as smart glasses, a head-mounted display (HMD), or smart contact lenses. An image capturing and displaying device used in such an application example has an image capturing device capable of photoelectrically converting visible light and a displaying device capable of emitting visible light.

[0141] 16(a) illustrates glasses 1600 (smart glasses) according to one application example. An imaging device 1602 such as a CMOS sensor or SPAD is provided on the front side of a lens 1601 of the glasses 1600. In addition, a light-emitting device according to this embodiment is provided on the back side of the lens 1601.

[0142] The glasses 1600 further include a control device 1603. The control device 1603 functions as a power source that supplies power to the image capture device 1602 and the light emitting device according to each embodiment. The control device 1603 also controls the operations of the image capture device 1602 and the light emitting device. The lens 1601 is formed with an optical system for focusing light onto the image capture device 1602.

[0143] FIG. 16(b) illustrates glasses 1610 (smart glasses) according to one application example. The glasses 1610 include a control device 1612. The control device 1612 is equipped with an imaging device equivalent to the imaging device 1602 and a light-emitting device (or a display device including the same). A lens 1611 is formed with an optical system for projecting light emitted from the light-emitting device in the control device 1612, and an image is projected onto the lens 1611. The control device 1612 functions as a power source for supplying power to the imaging device and the light-emitting device and controls the operation of the imaging device and the light-emitting device. The control device may include a gaze detection unit that detects the gaze of the wearer. Infrared light may be used for gaze detection. The infrared light-emitting unit emits infrared light toward the eyeball of a user gazing at a displayed image. An imaging unit with a light-receiving element detects the reflected light of the emitted infrared light from the eyeball, thereby obtaining an image of the eyeball. A reduction unit that reduces light from the infrared light-emitting unit to the display unit in a planar view reduces degradation of image quality.

[0144] The gaze of the user relative to the displayed image is detected from an image of the eyeball obtained by capturing infrared light. Any known method can be used for gaze detection using an image of the eyeball. One example is a gaze detection method based on the Purkinje image formed by reflection of irradiated light on the cornea.

[0145] More specifically, gaze detection processing is performed based on the pupil-corneal reflex method, which calculates a gaze vector representing the direction (rotation angle) of the eyeball based on the pupil image and Purkinje image included in the captured image of the eyeball, thereby detecting the user's gaze.

[0146] A light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention may have an imaging device having a light receiving element, and may control a display image based on information on the user's line of sight from the imaging device.

[0147] Specifically, a display device having a light-emitting device determines a first display area where a user gazes and a second display area other than the first display area based on line-of-sight information. The first display area and the second display area may be determined by a control device of the display device, or may be determined by an external control device and received. In the display area of ​​the display device, the display resolution of the first display area may be controlled to be higher than the display resolution of the second display area. In other words, the resolution of the second display area may be lower than that of the first field of view area.

[0148] The display area includes a first display area and a second display area different from the first display area, and a high-priority area is determined from the first display area and the second display area based on line-of-sight information. The first field of view area and the second field of view area may be determined by a control device of the display device, or may be determined by an external control device and received. The resolution of the high-priority area may be controlled to be higher than the resolution of areas other than the high-priority area. In other words, the resolution of an area with a relatively low priority may be lowered.

[0149] Note that AI may be used to determine the first display area and the area with high priority. The AI ​​may be a model configured to estimate the angle of gaze and the distance to an object in the line of sight from the image of the eyeball, using as training data an image of the eyeball and the actual direction in which the eyeball in the image was looking. The AI ​​program may be included in the light-emitting device, the display device, the imaging device, or an external device. If included in the external device, it is transmitted to the light-emitting device via communication.

[0150] When display control is performed based on visual recognition detection, the smart glasses can be preferably applied to smart glasses that further include an imaging device for capturing images of the outside world. The smart glasses can display captured external information in real time.

[0151] [Configurations included in the embodiments of the present invention] The disclosure of this embodiment includes the following configuration. (Configuration 1) A light-emitting device comprising: a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element arranged on a substrate; and a first lens and a second lens arranged corresponding to the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element, respectively; the first light-emitting element has a first light-emitting layer containing a compound having a light wavelength in the infrared region; and the second light-emitting element has a second light-emitting layer containing a compound having a light wavelength in the visible light region, When the area of ​​the area where light incident from the normal direction of the substrate through the first lens is incident on the light emitting region of the first light emitting element or the light emitting region and its peripheral portion, is defined as S1, the area of ​​the light emitting region of the first light emitting element is defined as S1', the area of ​​the area where light incident from the normal direction of the substrate through the second lens is incident on the light emitting region of the second light emitting element or the light emitting region and its peripheral portion is defined as S2, and the area of ​​the light emitting region of the second light emitting element is defined as S2', The ratio S1 / S1' of S1 to S1' is closer to 1 than the ratio S2 / S2' of S2 to S2'. A light-emitting device characterized by: (Configuration 2) The light-emitting device according to configuration 1, wherein the first light-emitting layer and the second light-emitting layer contain an organic compound. (Configuration 3) The light emitting device according to configuration 1 or 2, wherein the second light emitting element has a color filter. (Configuration 4) A light-emitting device described in any one of configurations 1 to 3, characterized in that, in a planar view, the center of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element is positioned at a position overlapping the vertex of the first lens, and, in a planar view, the center of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element is positioned at a position not overlapping the vertex of the second lens. (Configuration 5) A light-emitting device comprising: a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element arranged on a substrate; and a first lens and a second lens arranged corresponding to the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element, respectively; the first light-emitting element has a first light-emitting layer containing a compound having a light wavelength in the infrared region; and the second light-emitting element has a second light-emitting layer containing a compound having a light wavelength in the visible light region, Let the area of the region where the light incident through the first lens from the normal direction of the substrate enters the light-emitting region or the light-emitting region and its peripheral portion of the first light-emitting element be S1, the area of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element be S1', the area of the region where the light incident through the second lens from the normal direction of the substrate enters the light-emitting region or the light-emitting region and its peripheral portion of the second light-emitting element be S2, and the area of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element be S2'. When S1' and S2' satisfy the relationship S1' < S2'. A light-emitting device characterized by the above. (Configuration 6) The length of the perpendicular line from the midpoint of the first lens to the surface of the lower electrode of the first light-emitting element is longer than the length of the perpendicular line from the midpoint of the second lens to the surface of the lower electrode of the second light-emitting element. The light-emitting device according to Configuration 3 or 4. (Configuration 7) The height of the first lens is higher than the height of the second lens. The light-emitting device according to Configuration 3 or 4. (Configuration 8) The radius of the first lens is smaller than the radius of the second lens. The light-emitting device according to Configuration 3 or 4. (Configuration 9) Further, it has a light-receiving portion capable of receiving infrared light. The light-emitting device according to any one of Configurations 1 to 8. (Configuration 10) A display device characterized by having the light-emitting device according to any one of Configurations 1 to 9 and a transistor connected to the light-emitting device (Configuration 11) It has an optical unit having a plurality of lenses, an imaging element that receives the light passing through the optical unit, and a display unit that displays the image captured by the imaging element. The display unit has the light-emitting device according to any one of Configurations 1 to 9. An imaging device. (Configuration 12) An electronic device characterized by having a display unit having the light-emitting device according to any one of Configurations 1 to 9, a housing provided with the display unit, and a communication unit provided in the housing for communicating with the outside.

Explanation of symbols

[0152] 1 Light-emitting device, 2 Substrate, 3 Display section, 4 Infrared light-emitting section, 5 Imaging section, 6 Eyeball, 7 Visible light, 8 Infrared light, 9 Reflected light, 12,112 Lower electrode, 13,113 Functional layer including light-emitting layer, 14,114 Upper electrode, 17 Second lens, 19,119 Light-emitting region, 20 Virtual light incident region, 21 Overlapping region, 22 Color filter, 23 Light-receiving region, 100 Display light-emitting element (second light-emitting element), 101 Infrared light-emitting element (first light-emitting element), 117 First lens

Claims

1. A light emitting device comprising: a first light emitting element and a second light emitting element disposed on a substrate; and a first lens and a second lens disposed corresponding to the first light emitting element and the second light emitting element, respectively; the first light emitting element has a first light emitting layer containing a compound having a light wavelength in an infrared region; and the second light emitting element has a second light emitting layer containing a compound having a light wavelength in a visible light region, The area of ​​the region where light incident from the normal direction of the substrate through the first lens is incident on the light emitting region of the first light emitting element or the light emitting region and its periphery is defined as S 1 and the area of ​​the light emitting region of the first light emitting element is S 1 ', and the area of ​​the area where light incident from the normal direction of the substrate through the second lens is incident on the light emitting area of ​​the second light emitting element or the light emitting area and its periphery is defined as S 2 and the area of ​​the light emitting region of the second light emitting element is S 2 ', The S 1 ' to the S 1 The ratio S 1 / S 1 ' is the S 2 ' to the S 2 The ratio S 2 / S 2 ' is closer to 1 than A light-emitting device characterized by:

2. 10. The light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein the first light-emitting layer and the second light-emitting layer comprise an organic compound.

3. 3. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the second light emitting element has a color filter.

4. 3. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein, in a planar view, the center of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element is positioned so as to overlap with the vertex of the first lens, and, in a planar view, the center of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element is positioned so as not to overlap with the vertex of the second lens.

5. A light emitting device comprising: a first light emitting element and a second light emitting element disposed on a substrate; and a first lens and a second lens disposed corresponding to the first light emitting element and the second light emitting element, respectively; the first light emitting element has a first light emitting layer containing a compound having a light wavelength in an infrared region; and the second light emitting element has a second light emitting layer containing a compound having a light wavelength in a visible light region, The area of ​​the region where light incident from the normal direction of the substrate through the first lens is incident on the light emitting region of the first light emitting element or the light emitting region and its periphery is defined as S 1 and the area of ​​the light emitting region of the first light emitting element is S 1 ', and the area of ​​the area where light incident from the normal direction of the substrate through the second lens is incident on the light emitting area of ​​the second light emitting element or the light emitting area and its periphery is defined as S 2 and the area of ​​the light emitting region of the second light emitting element is S 2 ', The S 1 ' and the S 2 ' is S 1 '<S 2 ' to satisfy the relationship A light-emitting device characterized by:

6. The light-emitting device described in claim 3, characterized in that the length of a perpendicular line from the midpoint of the first lens to the surface of the lower electrode of the first light-emitting element is longer than the length of a perpendicular line from the midpoint of the second lens to the surface of the lower electrode of the second light-emitting element.

7. The light emitting device according to claim 3 , wherein the height of the first lens is greater than the height of the second lens.

8. 4. The light emitting device according to claim 3, wherein the radius of the first lens is smaller than the radius of the second lens.

9. 6. The light emitting device according to claim 1, further comprising a light receiving section capable of receiving infrared light.

10. A display device comprising: the light-emitting device according to claim 1; and a transistor connected to the light-emitting device.

11. an optical unit having a plurality of lenses, an image pickup element that receives light that has passed through the optical unit, and a display unit that displays an image picked up by the image pickup element; 10. An imaging device, wherein the display unit comprises the light-emitting device according to claim 1.

12. 10. An electronic device comprising: a display unit having the light-emitting device according to claim 1; a housing in which the display unit is provided; and a communication unit provided in the housing for communicating with an external device.

Images