Communication method and communication device

Abstract

This disclosure provides a communication method and a communication apparatus. The method includes: a communication device receives first information, the first information indicating process parameter information of at least one clear channel assessment of a first node; the communication device transmits second information, the second information indicating a clear channel assessment policy of the first node, the clear channel assessment policy being obtained based on the first information, the clear channel assessment policy including detection parameter information of the clear channel assessment; in this way, when the reliability of communication is satisfied, the probability of accessing the channel by the communication device is increased.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] [CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202111616630.8, entitled "COMMUNICATION METHOD AND COMMUNICATION APPARATUS," filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China on December 27, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference.

[0002] [Technical field] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a communication method and device. [Background technology]

[0003] Unlicensed spectrum is a public communication resource that can be used without authorization in wireless communication resources. Unlicensed spectrum is distributed in 2.4 gigahertz (GHz), 5 GHz, 6 GHz, etc. Compared with the limited licensed frequency band resource, unlicensed spectrum has advantages such as abundant resources and low usage cost.

[0004] Although the unlicensed spectrum can be used without authorization, the usage rules of the unlicensed spectrum need to be complied with so that each communication device can use the unlicensed spectrum resources fairly and avoid communication interference on the unlicensed spectrum as much as possible. On the premise that the usage rules of the unlicensed spectrum resources are satisfied, how to improve the efficiency of carrying out communication by using the unlicensed spectrum is the focus of research on unlicensed spectrum-based communication. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present disclosure provides a communication method and apparatus for increasing the probability of accessing a channel by a communication device when communication reliability is met.

[0006] According to a first aspect, there is provided a communication method, comprising the steps of receiving first information, the first information indicating process parameter information of at least one clear channel assessment of a first node, and transmitting second information, the second information indicating a clear channel assessment policy of the first node, the clear channel assessment policy being obtained based on the first information, the clear channel assessment policy including detection parameter information of the clear channel assessment.

[0007] Based on the above solution, the second node can obtain process parameter information of the clear channel assessment of the first node by using the first information, and provide the clear channel assessment policy obtained based on the first information to the first node. In this case, the first node can obtain a clear channel assessment policy suitable for the first node to increase the probability of accessing the channel when the usage rules of the unlicensed spectrum are satisfied and the reliability of the unlicensed spectrum-based communication is satisfied, so that the power consumption caused by the frequent channel detection failure of the first node can be reduced.

[0008] Referring to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes obtaining a clear channel assessment policy through inference based on the first information.

[0009] Optionally, the step of obtaining a clear channel assessment policy through inference based on the first information includes inputting the first information into an intelligent model to obtain a clear channel assessment policy obtained through inference by the intelligent model.

[0010] Based on the above solution, based on historical data of the first node's use of the unlicensed spectrum (e.g., process parameter information of clear channel assessment), artificial intelligence technology is applied to assist the first node in selecting appropriate clear channel assessment parameters, so that the probability of the first node accessing the channel can be increased when the usage rules of the unlicensed spectrum are met and the reliability of unlicensed spectrum-based communication is met.

[0011] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes a step of transmitting the first information to the second node and a step of receiving the second information from the second node.

[0012] Based on the above solution, the first node may be a terminal device, and the method may be performed by an access network node or a relay node. Information transmission is realized through forwarding by a second node, so that the first node can provide first information to a network and obtain a clear channel assessment policy provided by the network to the first node and suitable for the first node.

[0013] Referring to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the process parameter information includes the following parameters: The signal may include one or more of service priority information for triggering clear channel assessment, a method of clear channel assessment, channel access priority information, contention window information, detection period information, energy detection threshold, or detection result information.

[0014] Optionally, the contention window information may include an upper limit CW of a selected contention window. p , the initial count value N of the selected counter int , or the number of detection periods in one clear channel assessment.

[0015] Optionally, the detection period information may include, but is not limited to, a length of the detection period and / or a number of detection intervals in the detection period.

[0016] Optionally, the detection result information includes the following: The channel state determined after a clear channel assessment, the number or percentage of detection periods during which the channel is detected to be in a clear state, the number or percentage of detection periods during which the channel is detected to be in a busy state, or one or more of the energy values ​​detected in the detection interval.

[0017] In the implementation, the types of parameters specifically included in the process parameter information may be predefined in the protocol. In another implementation, the types of parameters specifically included in the process parameter information are indicated by the second node to the first node.

[0018] Based on the above solution, the first node and the second node reach an agreement on parameter information of the clear channel assessment policy inferred by the second node, and the second node can obtain the parameters required to infer the clear channel assessment policy and infer an intelligent model based on the obtained parameters.

[0019] Referring to the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the clear channel assessment policy includes detection parameter information of the clear channel assessment corresponding to the service priority information of at least one signal.

[0020] Referring to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the clear channel assessment policy may be one of the following: The signal for triggering clear channel assessment includes one or more of service priority information, a method of clear channel assessment, channel access priority information, contention window information, detection period information, or an energy detection threshold.

[0021] Based on the above solution, the clear channel assessment policy provided by the second node to the first node includes one or more of the above detection parameters, so that the first node can execute the clear channel assessment policy based on the corresponding detection parameters to achieve the effect of increasing the probability of accessing the channel.

[0022] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the first information further includes transmission quality information, where the transmission quality information indicates a quality of data transmitted by the first node on the unlicensed spectrum resources.

[0023] Optionally, the transmission quality information comprises: indicating one or more of a channel occupancy time of signal transmission, signal quality information, a rate of successful signal transmission in a reference period, a rate of unsuccessful signal transmission in a reference period, a first threshold, or information on a reference period for evaluating signal transmission quality; The first threshold is a threshold for evaluating the signal transmission quality.

[0024] Based on the above solution, the second node obtains process parameter information for detecting the clear state of a channel of the unlicensed spectrum by the first node, and may further obtain transmission quality information of the communication performed by the first node by using the unlicensed spectrum, so that the second node can obtain a clear channel assessment policy with higher consistency by using the transmission quality information, and provide the clear channel assessment policy to the first node.

[0025] Referring to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the clear channel assessment policy may be one of the following: The information further includes one or more of information regarding a reference period for evaluating signal transmission quality, a first threshold value, a maximum channel occupancy time corresponding to a clear channel assessment, or transmission quality prediction information.

[0026] Based on the above solution, the clear channel assessment policy may further include parameter information for evaluating transmission quality, so that the first node can evaluate the transmission quality based on the evaluation parameter information and adjust the clear channel assessment parameter based on the transmission quality, allowing the first node to adaptively adjust the clear channel assessment parameter. The clear channel assessment policy may further include a maximum channel occupancy time corresponding to the clear channel assessment, so that the first node can determine the time the channel can be occupied after the channel is accessed by using the clear channel assessment policy, to avoid cases of communication interference caused by the reason of the occupancy time being exceeded or violation of the usage rules of the unlicensed spectrum. Furthermore, the clear channel assessment policy may further include transmission quality prediction information, so that the first node can select a clear channel assessment scheme that meets the reliability requirements of the signal transmission based on the transmission quality prediction information and the reliability requirements of the signal to be transmitted.

[0027] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the step of receiving first information from the first node includes a step of periodically receiving the first information, and the at least one clear channel assessment is a clear channel assessment performed by the first node in one period.

[0028] Based on the above solution, the second node can periodically acquire the first information and provide the first node with a clear channel assessment policy acquired based on the first information, so that the clear channel assessment policy can be updated in a timely manner, and the number of cases in which communication reliability is reduced due to the clear channel assessment policy being inappropriate when the channel changes can be reduced.

[0029] According to a second aspect, there is provided a communication method, comprising the steps of: transmitting first information, the first information indicating process parameter information of at least one clear channel assessment of a first node, and receiving second information, the second information indicating a clear channel assessment policy of the first node, the clear channel assessment policy being obtained based on the first information, the clear channel assessment policy including detection parameter information of the clear channel assessment.

[0030] Referring to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes performing a clear channel assessment based on a clear channel assessment policy.

[0031] Referring to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the process parameter information includes the following parameters: The signal may include one or more of service priority information for triggering clear channel assessment, a method of clear channel assessment, channel access priority information, contention window information, detection period information, energy detection threshold, or detection result information.

[0032] Referring to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the clear channel assessment policy includes detection parameter information of the clear channel assessment corresponding to the service priority information of at least one signal.

[0033] Referring to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the clear channel assessment policy may be one of the following: The signal for triggering clear channel assessment includes one or more of service priority information, a method of clear channel assessment, channel access priority information, contention window information, detection period information, or an energy detection threshold.

[0034] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the first information further includes transmission quality information, where the transmission quality information indicates a quality of data transmitted by the first node on the unlicensed spectrum resources.

[0035] Referring to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the transmission quality information may be: indicating one or more of a channel occupancy time of signal transmission, signal quality information, a rate of successful signal transmission in a reference period, a rate of unsuccessful signal transmission in a reference period, a first threshold, or information on a reference period for evaluating signal transmission quality; The first threshold is a threshold for evaluating the signal transmission quality.

[0036] Referring to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the clear channel assessment policy may be one of the following: Further comprising one or more of information on a reference period for evaluating signal transmission quality, a first threshold value, a maximum channel occupancy time corresponding to a clear channel assessment, or transmission quality prediction information; The first threshold is a threshold for evaluating the signal transmission quality.

[0037] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the step of transmitting the first information includes a step of periodically transmitting the first information, and the at least one clear channel assessment is a clear channel assessment performed by the first node in one period.

[0038] According to a third aspect, there is provided a method of communication, the method comprising the steps of receiving first information, the first information indicative of process parameter information of at least one clear channel assessment of a first node; training an intelligent model based on the first information; Includes.

[0039] Referring to the third aspect, in some implementation manners of the third aspect, the step of training an intelligent model based on the first information includes the steps of inputting the first information into the intelligent model to obtain a clear channel assessment policy output by the intelligent model, obtaining updated model parameters of the intelligent model based on the clear channel assessment policy, and updating parameters of the intelligent model based on the updated model parameters to obtain an updated intelligent model.

[0040] Referring to the third aspect, in some implementation manners of the third aspect, the step of obtaining updated model parameters of the intelligent model based on the clear channel assessment policy includes: obtaining model checking information based on the clear channel assessment policy by using a loss function; and, when the model checking information does not satisfy a predetermined condition, obtaining updated model parameters based on the model checking information.

[0041] Referring to the third aspect, in some implementation manners of the third aspect, if the model checking information meets a preset condition, the current intelligent model is used as the trained intelligent model.

[0042] Optionally, the trained intelligent model may infer a clear channel assessment policy for the first node in an actual communication.

[0043] According to a fourth aspect, a communications apparatus is provided. In one design, the apparatus may include modules for performing the methods / operations / steps / actions described in the first aspect. The modules may be hardware circuits, software, or may be implemented using a combination of hardware circuits and software. In one design, the apparatus includes a transceiver unit configured to receive first information, the first information indicating process parameter information of at least one clear channel assessment of the first node. The transceiver unit is further configured to transmit second information, the second information indicating a clear channel assessment policy of the first node, the clear channel assessment policy being obtained based on the first information, the clear channel assessment policy including detection parameter information of the clear channel assessment.

[0044] Optionally, the apparatus further comprises a processing unit configured to obtain a clear channel assessment policy through inference based on the first information.

[0045] According to a fifth aspect, a communications apparatus is provided. In one design, the apparatus may include modules for performing the methods / operations / steps / actions described in the second aspect. The modules may be hardware circuits, software, or may be implemented using a combination of hardware circuits and software. In one design, the apparatus includes a transceiver unit configured to transmit first information, the first information indicating process parameter information of at least one clear channel assessment of the first node. The transceiver unit is configured to receive second information, the second information indicating a clear channel assessment policy of the first node, the clear channel assessment policy being obtained based on the first information, the clear channel assessment policy including detection parameter information of the clear channel assessment.

[0046] Optionally, the apparatus further comprises a processing unit configured to determine process parameters of the at least one channel assessment policy.

[0047] According to a sixth aspect, a communications apparatus is provided. In one design, the apparatus may include modules for performing the methods / operations / steps / actions described in the third aspect. The modules may be hardware circuits, software, or may be implemented using a combination of hardware circuits and software. In one design, the apparatus includes a transceiver unit configured to receive first information, the first information indicating process parameter information of at least one clear channel assessment of the first node, and a processing unit configured to train an intelligent model based on the first information.

[0048] According to a seventh aspect, a communication device is provided, the communication device includes a processor. The processor may implement the method in the first aspect, the third aspect, and any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect or the third aspect. Optionally, the communication device further includes a memory. The processor may be coupled to the memory and configured to execute instructions in the memory to implement the method in the first aspect, the third aspect, and any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect or the third aspect. Optionally, the communication device further includes a communication interface, the processor is coupled to the communication interface. In this disclosure, the communication interface may be a transceiver, a pin, a circuit, a bus, a module, or any other type of communication interface. This is not limited.

[0049] According to an eighth aspect, a communication device is provided, the communication device including a processor. The processor may implement the method of the second aspect and any one of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect. Optionally, the communication device further includes a memory. The processor may be coupled to the memory and configured to execute instructions in the memory to implement the method of the second aspect and any one of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect. Optionally, the communication device further includes a communication interface, the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0050] According to the communication apparatus provided in the seventh or eighth aspect, in an implementation, when the communication apparatus is a communication device, the communication interface may be a transceiver. Optionally, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. In another implementation, when the communication apparatus is a chip configured in a communication device, the communication interface may be an input / output interface.

[0051] Optionally, the input / output interface may include an input circuit and an output circuit.

[0052] In a particular implementation, the input circuits may be input pins, the output circuits may be output pins, and the processor may be transistors, gate circuits, triggers, various logic circuits, etc. An input signal received by an input circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, received and input by a receiver, and a signal output by an output circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by a transmitter, and the input and output circuits may be the same circuit, or a circuit may be used as an input circuit and an output circuit at different times. The specific implementation manner of the processor and various circuits is not limited by this disclosure.

[0053] According to a ninth aspect, there is provided a computer program product. The computer program product includes a computer program (which may also be called code or instructions). When the computer program is executed, the computer is enabled to execute the method according to any one of the first to third aspects and possible implementations of the first to third aspects.

[0054] According to a tenth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program (which may also be called a code or an instruction). When the computer program is executed on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the method in any one of the first to third aspects and possible implementation manners of the first to third aspects.

[0055] According to an eleventh aspect, a communication system is provided, comprising at least one apparatus configured to implement the method for a terminal and at least one apparatus configured to implement the method for an access network node. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0056] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram of a communication system according to the present disclosure. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is an exemplary diagram of an application framework for AI in a communication system according to this disclosure. [Figure 3A] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a network architecture according to the present disclosure. [Figure 3B] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a network architecture according to the present disclosure. [Figure 3C] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a network architecture according to the present disclosure. [Figure 3D] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a network architecture according to the present disclosure. [Figure 3E] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a network architecture according to the present disclosure. [Figure 3F]FIG. 1 is a diagram of a network architecture according to the present disclosure. [Figure 4] 1 is a diagram of a communication method according to this disclosure. [Diagram 5] 1 is a schematic flow chart of a clear channel assessment method 1 according to the present disclosure. [Figure 6] A diagram of the detection period in clear channel assessment method 2 according to this disclosure. [Figure 7] FIG. 11 is a diagram of the detection period in clear channel assessment method 3 according to this disclosure. [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is an exemplary diagram of a training process for an intelligent model according to this disclosure. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is another diagram of a communication method according to the present disclosure. [Figure 10] FIG. 13 is yet another diagram of a communication method according to the present disclosure. [Figure 11] 1 is a schematic block diagram of an example of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example structure of a network device according to an embodiment of the disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0057] In this disclosure, at least one may also be described as one or more, and more may be two, three, four or more. This is not limited. " / " may represent an "or" relationship between related objects. For example, A / B may represent A or B. "And / or" may indicate that there are three relationships between related objects. For example, A and / or B may represent the following three cases: only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists, and A and B may be singular or plural. To facilitate the description of the technical solutions of this disclosure, phrases such as "first", "second", "A" or "B" may be used to distinguish technical features having the same or similar functions. Phrases such as "first", "second", "A" or "B" do not limit the number and execution order. Moreover, phrases such as "first", "second", "A" or "B" do not indicate clear distinctions. Phrases such as "example" or "for example" are used to present an example, evidence or explanation. Any design solution described as "example" or "for example" should not be described as being preferred or having more advantages over other design solutions. Phrases such as "example" and "for example" are used to present related concepts in a concrete manner for ease of understanding.

[0058] The technical solutions of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] FIG. 1 is an architecture diagram of a communication system 1000 to which this disclosure is applicable. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication system includes a radio access network (RAN) 100 and a core network (CN) 200. Optionally, the communication system 1000 may further include an Internet 300. The radio access network 100 may include at least one access network device (e.g., 110a and 110b in FIG. 1) and may further include at least one terminal (e.g., 120a to 120j in FIG. 1). The terminal may be connected to the access network device in a wireless manner, and the terminal may perform wireless communication with the access network device by using unlicensed spectrum resources. The terminal may be connected to the terminal in a wireless manner, and the terminal may perform wireless communication with the terminal by using unlicensed spectrum resources. The access network device is connected to the core network in a wireless or wired manner. The core network device and the access network device may be different independent physical devices, or may be the same physical device that integrates the functions of the core network device and the access network device. Alternatively, there may be other possible cases. For example, one physical device may integrate the functions of the access network device and part of the functions of the core network device, and another physical device realizes the remaining part of the functions of the core network device. The physical existence form of the core network device and the access network device is not limited in this disclosure. The access network device and the access network device may be connected to each other in a wired or wireless manner. Figure 1 is just a diagram. The communication system may further include other network devices, such as a wireless relay device and a wireless backhaul device. The communication device shown in Figure 1 may perform wireless communication by using unlicensed spectrum resources.When performing communication by using unlicensed spectrum resources, the communication device may obtain a clear channel assessment policy by using the communication methods provided in this disclosure, and perform clear channel assessment of the unlicensed spectrum based on the obtained clear channel assessment policy.

[0060] The access network device may be a base station, a NodeB, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB) in a 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system, an access network device in an open radio access network (O-RAN or open RAN), a next generation base station in a 6th generation (6G) mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, an access node in a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, etc. Alternatively, the access network device may be a module or unit that completes part of the function of a base station, for example, a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU control plane (CU-CP) module, or a CU user plane (CU-UP) module. The access network device may be a macro base station (e.g., 110a in FIG. 1), or may be a micro base station or an indoor base station (e.g., 110b in FIG. 1), or may be a relay node, a donor node, etc. The specific technology and the specific device type used by the access network device are not limited in this disclosure. The 5G system may also be referred to as a new radio (NR) system. The access network node in this disclosure may be an access network device, or may be a module or unit disposed in the access network device.

[0061] In this disclosure, an apparatus configured to realize the function of an access network device may be an access network device, or may be an apparatus capable of supporting an access network device in realizing the function, such as a chip system, a hardware circuit, a software module, or a hardware circuit and a software module. The apparatus may be installed in an access network device, or may be adapted for use with an access network device. In this disclosure, a chip system may include a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete components. For ease of explanation, the following describes the technical solution provided in this disclosure by using an example in which an apparatus configured to realize the function of an access network device is an access network device, and the access network device is a base station.

[0062] (1) Protocol layer structure

[0063] The communication between the access network device and the terminal complies with a specified protocol layer structure. The protocol layer structure may include a control plane protocol layer structure and a user plane protocol layer structure. For example, the control plane protocol layer structure may include protocol layer functions such as a radio resource control (RRC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a media access control (MAC) layer, and a physical (PHY) layer. For example, the user plane protocol layer structure may include protocol layer functions such as a PDCP layer, an RLC layer, a MAC layer, and a physical layer. In a possible implementation, a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer may be further included above the PDCP layer.

[0064] Optionally, the protocol layer structure between the access network device and the terminal may further include an artificial intelligence (AI) layer for transmitting data related to AI functions.

[0065] The protocol layer structure between the access network device and the terminal may be considered as an access stratum (AS) structure. Optionally, a non-access stratum (NAS) may further exist above the AS, and is used by the access network device to forward information from the core network device to the terminal, or is used by the access network device to forward information from the terminal to the core network device. In this case, it may be considered that a logical interface exists between the terminal and the core network device. The access network device may forward information between the terminal and the core network device in a transparent transmission manner. For example, the NAS signaling may be mapped to the RRC signaling, or may be included in the RRC signaling and function as an element of the RRC signaling.

[0066] (2) Central unit (CU) and distributed unit (DU)

[0067] The access network device may include a CU and a DU. A plurality of DUs may be controlled by one CU in a centralized manner. For example, an interface between a CU and a DU may be called an F1 interface. A control plane (CP) interface may be F1-C, and a user plane (UP) interface may be F1-U. The specific names of the interfaces are not limited in this disclosure. The CU and the DU may be classified based on the protocol layers of a wireless network. For example, the functions of the PDCP layer and the protocol layers above the PDCP layer (such as the RRC layer and the SDAP layer) are configured in the CU, and the functions of the protocol layers below the PDCP layer (the RLC layer, the MAC layer, and the PHY layer) are configured in the DU. In another example, the functions of the protocol layers above the PDCP layer are configured in the CU, and the functions of the PDCP layer and the protocol layers below the PDCP layer are configured in the DU. This is not limited.

[0068] The division of the processing functions of the CU and the DU based on the protocol layers is merely an example, and the processing functions of the CU and the DU may alternatively be divided in other manners. For example, the CU or the DU may be divided into functions having more protocol layers. In other examples, the CU or the DU may be further divided into a part of the processing functions having protocol layers. In one design, a part of the functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layers above the RLC layer are configured on the CU, and the remaining functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layers below the RLC layer are configured on the DU. In other designs, the division of the functions of the CU or the DU may alternatively be performed based on the service type or other system requirements. For example, the division may be performed based on latency. Functions whose processing time needs to meet the latency requirements are configured on the DU, and functions whose processing time does not need to meet the latency requirements are configured on the CU. In other designs, the CU may alternatively have one or more functions of the core network. For example, the CU may be located on the network side to facilitate central management. In other designs, the radio unit (RU) of the DU is remotely located. Optionally, the RU may have radio frequency capabilities.

[0069] Optionally, the DU and the RU may be divided at the PHY layer. For example, the DU may realize higher layer functions at the PHY layer, and the RU may realize lower layer functions at the PHY layer. When the PHY layer is used for transmission, the functions of the PHY layer may include at least one of the following functions: cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bit addition, channel coding, rate matching, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, precoding, resource mapping, physical antenna mapping, or radio frequency transmission. When the PHY layer is used for reception, the functions of the PHY layer may include at least one of the following: CRC checking, channel decoding, rate dematching, descrambling, demodulation, layer demapping, channel detection, resource demapping, physical antenna demapping, or radio frequency reception. The higher layer functions of the PHY layer may include some functions of the PHY layer. Some of the functions are closer to the MAC layer. The lower layer functions of the PHY layer may include other parts of the functions of the PHY layer. For example, some of the functions are closer to the radio frequency reception function. For example, the upper layer functions of the PHY layer may include CRC bit addition, channel coding, rate matching, scrambling, modulation, and layer mapping, and the lower layer functions of the PHY layer may include precoding, resource mapping, physical antenna mapping, and radio frequency transmission functions. Alternatively, the upper layer functions of the PHY layer may include CRC bit addition, channel coding, rate matching, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, and precoding. The lower layer functions of the PHY layer may include resource mapping, physical antenna mapping, and radio frequency transmission functions. For example, the upper layer functions of the PHY layer may include CRC checking, channel decoding, rate dematching, decoding, demodulation, and layer demapping, and the lower layer functions of the PHY layer may include channel detection, resource demapping, physical antenna demapping, and radio frequency reception.Alternatively, the upper layer functions of the PHY layer may include CRC checking, channel decoding, rate de-matching, decoding, demodulation, layer demapping and channel detection, and the lower layer functions of the PHY layer may include resource demapping, physical antenna demapping and radio frequency reception.

[0070] Optionally, the function of the CU may be realized by one entity (or module), or may be realized by different entities. For example, the function of the CU may be further divided, and the control plane and the user plane are realized separately by using different entities. The separated entities are a control plane CU entity (i.e., a CU-CP entity) and a user plane CU entity (i.e., a CU-UP entity), respectively. The CU-CP entity and the CU-UP entity may be coupled to a DU to jointly complete the functions of an access network device.

[0071] Optionally, any one of the DU, CU, CU-CP, CU-UP and RU may be a software module, a hardware structure, or a combination of a software module and a hardware structure. This is not limited. Different entities may exist in different forms. This is not limited. For example, the DU, CU, CU-CP and CU-UP are software modules, and the RU is a hardware structure. For the sake of brevity, all possible combination forms are not enumerated here. These modules and the methods performed by these modules also fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0072] The terminal may also be referred to as a terminal device, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. The terminal may be widely used in various scenarios for communication. For example, the scenarios include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following scenarios: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), machine-type communication (MTC), internet of things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, etc. A terminal may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, a wearable device, a vehicle, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a helicopter, an airplane, a ship, a robot, a robotic arm, a smart home device, etc. The particular technology used by a terminal and the particular device configuration are not limited by this disclosure.

[0073] In this disclosure, the device configured to realize the functions of the terminal may be a terminal, or may be a device capable of supporting the terminal in implementing the functions, such as a chip system, a hardware circuit, a software module, or a hardware circuit and a software module. The device may be installed in the terminal, or may be adapted for use with the terminal. For ease of explanation, the technical solutions provided in this disclosure will be described below by using an example in which the device configured to realize the functions of the terminal is a terminal, and optionally by using an example in which the terminal is a UE.

[0074] The base station and / or the terminal may be fixed or mobile. The base station and / or the terminal may be located on the ground, including indoor or outdoor scenarios, and handheld or vehicle-mounted scenarios, on water, or in the air, such as on airplanes, balloons, and satellites. The environment / scenario in which the base station and the terminal are located is not limited in this disclosure. The base station and the terminal may be located in the same environment / scenario or in different environments / scenarios. For example, the base station and the terminal are both located on the ground. Alternatively, the base station is located on the ground and the terminal is located on the water. The examples will not be described one by one.

[0075] The roles of a base station and a terminal may be relative. For example, the helicopter or unmanned aerial vehicle 120i in FIG. 1 may be configured as a mobile base station. For a terminal 120j that accesses the wireless access network 100 through 102i, the terminal 120i is a base station. However, for the base station 110a, 120i is a terminal. In other words, 110a and 120i communicate with each other based on a wireless air interface protocol. Alternatively, 110a and 120i communicate with each other based on an interface protocol between base stations. In this case, for 110a, 120i is also a base station. Therefore, both the base station and the terminal may be collectively referred to as a communication apparatus (or a communication device). 110a and 110b in FIG. 1 may be referred to as communication apparatuses having the function of a base station, and 120a to 120j in FIG. 1 may be referred to as communication apparatuses having the function of a terminal.

[0076] Communications between base stations and terminals, between base stations, and between terminals may be performed based on licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or both licensed and unlicensed spectrum. Communications may be performed based on frequency bands below 6 gigahertz (GHz), above 6 GHz, or simultaneously below 6 GHz and above 6 GHz. Frequency band resources used for wireless communications are not limited in this disclosure.

[0077] In this disclosure, an independent network element (e.g., referred to as an AI network element, an AI node, or an AI device) may be introduced into the communication system shown in FIG. 1 to realize AI-related operations. The AI ​​network element may be directly connected to the base station, or indirectly connected to the base station through a third-party network element. Optionally, the third-party network element may be a core network element, such as an access and mobility management function (AMF) network element or a user plane function (UPF) network element. Alternatively, an artificial intelligence concrete (AIC) may be deployed in other network elements in the communication system to realize AI-related operations. The AI ​​concrete may be referred to as an AI module or other names. Optionally, the other network elements may be base stations, core network devices, network management (operation, administration and maintenance, OAM), etc. In this case, the network element that performs AI-related operations is a network element with built-in AI functions. Because both the AI ​​network element and the AI ​​concrete realize AI-related functions, for ease of explanation, the AI ​​network element and the network element with built-in AI functions are hereinafter jointly referred to as an AI unit. The OAM is configured to operate, manage and / or maintain core network devices (network management of core network devices) and / or to operate, manage and / or maintain access network devices (network management of access network devices).

[0078] Optionally, AI concrete may be integrated into the terminal or terminal chip to accommodate and support AI.

[0079] Optionally, in this disclosure, the AI ​​Concrete may also be called by other names, for example, an AI module or an AI unit, and is configured to mainly realize AI functions (which may also be called AI-related operations). The specific names of the AI ​​Concrete are not limited in this disclosure.

[0080] In this disclosure, an AI model is a specific method for realizing an AI function. An AI model represents a mapping relationship between the input and output of a model. An AI model may be a neural network or other machine learning model. An AI model may be referred to as a model for short. An AI-related operation may include at least one of the following: data collection, model training, model information release, model inference (which may also be referred to as model inference, inference, prediction, etc.), inference result release, etc.

[0081] FIG. 2 is an exemplary diagram of a first application framework of AI in a communication system. In FIG. 2, a data source is configured to store training data and inference data. A model training host analyzes or trains the training data provided by the data source to obtain an AI model, and deploys the AI ​​model on a model inference host. The AI ​​model represents a mapping relationship between the input and output of the model. Obtaining an AI model through learning by the model training host is equivalent to obtaining a mapping relationship between the input and output of the model through learning by the model training host by using the training data. The model inference host performs inference based on the inference data provided by the data source by using the AI ​​model to obtain an inference result. The method may also be described as follows: The model inference host inputs the inference data into the AI ​​model and obtains an output by using the AI ​​model. The output is an inference result. The inference result may indicate a configuration parameter used (acted upon) by an action subject and / or an operation performed by an action subject. The inference results may be planned in a unified manner by an actor entity and sent to one or more subjects of the action (e.g., network elements) for action. Optionally, the model inference host may feed back the inference results of the model inference host to the model training host. This process may be called model feedback. The fed back parameters are used by the model training host to update the AI ​​model, and the updated AI model is deployed to the model inference host. Optionally, the subject of the action may feed back the network parameters collected by the subject of the action to a data source. This process may be called performance feedback. The fed back parameters may be used as training data or inference data.

[0082] In this disclosure, the application framework shown in FIG. 2 may be deployed in the network element shown in FIG. 1. For example, the application framework in FIG. 2 may be deployed in at least one of the terminal device, the access network device, the core network device, or the independently deployed AI network element (not shown) in FIG. 1. For example, the AI ​​network element (which may be considered as a model training host) may analyze or train training data provided by the terminal device and / or the access network device to obtain a model. At least one of the terminal device, the access network device, or the core network device (which may be considered as a model inference host) may perform inference by using the model and the inference data to obtain an output of the model. The inference data may be provided by the terminal device and / or the access network device. The input of the model includes the inference data, and the output of the model is the inference result corresponding to the model. At least one of the terminal device, the access network device, or the core network device (which may be considered as an action subject) may perform a corresponding operation based on the inference data and / or the inference result. The model inference host and the action subject may be the same or different. This is not limited.

[0083] In the following, with reference to Figs. 3A to 3D, a network architecture to which the communication solutions provided in this disclosure can be applied is described.

[0084] As shown in FIG. 3A, in a first possible implementation manner, the access network device includes a near-real-time access network intelligent controller (RAN intelligent controller, RIC) module and is configured to perform model learning and inference. For example, the near-real-time RIC may be configured to train an AI model, and the inference is performed by using the AI ​​model. For example, the near-real-time RIC may obtain information on the network side and / or the terminal side from at least one of the CU, DU, or RU, and the information may be used as training data or inference data. Optionally, the near-real-time RIC may submit the inference result to at least one of the CU, DU, or RU. Optionally, the CU and the DU may exchange the inference result. Optionally, the DU and the RU may exchange the inference result. For example, the near-real-time RIC submits the inference result to the DU, and the DU forwards the inference result to the RU.

[0085] As shown in FIG. 3B, in a second possible implementation manner, the non-real-time RIC is located outside the access network device (optionally, the non-real-time RIC may be located in an OAM or core network device) and is configured to perform model learning and inference. For example, the non-real-time RIC is configured to train an AI model, and the inference is performed by using the model. For example, the non-real-time RIC may obtain information on the network side and / or the terminal side from at least one of the CU, DU, or RU. The information may be used as training data or inference data, and the inference result may be submitted to at least one of the CU, DU, or RU. Optionally, the CU and the DU may exchange the inference result. Optionally, the DU and the RU may exchange the inference result. For example, the non-real-time RIC submits the inference result to the DU, and the DU forwards the inference result to the RU.

[0086] As shown in FIG. 3C, in a third possible implementation manner, the access network device includes a quasi-real-time RIC, and the non-real-time RIC is located outside the access network device (optionally, the non-real-time RIC may be located in an OAM or core network device). As in the second possible implementation manner, the non-real-time RIC may be configured to perform model learning and inference, and / or as in the first possible implementation manner, the quasi-real-time RIC may be configured to perform model learning and inference, and / or the quasi-real-time RIC may obtain AI model information from the non-real-time RIC, obtain information on the network side and / or the terminal side from at least one of the CU, DU, or RU, and obtain an inference result by using the information and the AI ​​model information. Optionally, the quasi-real-time RIC may submit the inference result to at least one of the CU, DU, or RU. Optionally, the CU and the DU may exchange the inference result. Optionally, the DU and the RU may exchange the inference result. For example, the quasi-real-time RIC submits the inference result to the DU, and the DU forwards the inference result to the RU. For example, the near real-time RIC trains model A, and inference is performed by using model A. For example, the non-real-time RIC trains model B, and inference is performed by using model B. For example, the non-real-time RIC is configured to train model C and submit model C to the near real-time RIC, and the near real-time RIC performs inference by using model C.

[0087] 3D is an exemplary diagram of a network architecture to which the method according to the present disclosure can be applied. Compared with FIG. 3C, in FIG. 3C, the CU is separated into a CU-CP and a CU-UP.

[0088] FIG. 3E is an exemplary diagram of a network architecture to which the method according to the present disclosure can be applied. As shown in FIG. 3D, optionally, the access network device includes one or more AI concretes, and the function of the AI ​​concretes is similar to that of the near-real-time RIC. Optionally, the OAM includes one or more AI concretes, and the function of the AI ​​concretes is similar to that of the non-real-time RIC. Optionally, the core network device includes one or more AI concretes, and the function of the AI ​​concretes is similar to that of the non-real-time RIC. When the OAM and the core network device each include an AI concrete, the models obtained through training by the AI ​​concretes of the OAM and the core network device are different and / or the models used for inference are different.

[0089] In this disclosure, the models differ with respect to at least one of the following: structural parameters of the model (e.g., at least one of the number of layers of the model, the width of the model, the connectivity between layers, neuron weights, neuron activation functions, or activation function offsets); input parameters of the model (e.g., the types of input parameters and / or the dimensionality of the input parameters); or output parameters of the model (e.g., the types of output parameters and / or the dimensionality of the output parameters).

[0090] FIG. 3F is an exemplary diagram of a network architecture to which the method according to the present disclosure can be applied. Compared with FIG. 3E, in FIG. 3F, the access network devices are separated into CU and DU. Optionally, the CU may include an AI concrete, and the function of the AI ​​concrete is similar to that of the near-real-time RIC. Optionally, the DU may include an AI concrete, and the function of the AI ​​concrete is similar to that of the near-real-time RIC. When the CU and the DU each include an AI concrete, the models obtained through training by the AI ​​concrete of the CU and the DU are different, and / or the models used for inference are different. Optionally, the CU in FIG. 3E may be further divided into a CU-CP and a CU-UP. Optionally, one or more AI models may be deployed in the CU-CP. Optionally, one or more AI models may be deployed in the CU-UP.

[0091] Optionally, as described above, in FIG. 3E or FIG. 3F, the OAM of the access network device and the OAM of the core network device may be deployed separately.

[0092] In this disclosure, one parameter or multiple parameters may be obtained through inference by using one model. The learning processes of different models may be deployed to different devices or nodes, or may be deployed to the same device or node. The inference processes of different models may be deployed to different devices or nodes, or may be deployed to the same device or node.

[0093] The network architecture and service scenarios described in this disclosure are intended to more clearly explain the technical solutions in this disclosure, and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions provided in this disclosure. Those skilled in the art may recognize that with the evolution of network architectures and the emergence of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided in this disclosure can also be applied to similar technical problems.

[0094] A communication device must meet the regulatory requirements established by a wireless regulatory department to perform communication by using an unlicensed spectrum. For example, communication devices in a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, a fourth generation (4G) long term evolution (LTE) system, and a fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) system can all perform communication in the unlicensed spectrum in the 5 GHz frequency band. To ensure fair coexistence of the systems, the regulatory requirements specify that a communication device using a spectrum resource in a frequency band must perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) on the spectrum resource in a specified bandwidth unit to determine whether a channel in the unlicensed spectrum is clear. When a channel is determined to be in a clear state, the channel can be accessed, in other words, a signal can be transmitted by using the unlicensed spectrum resource. Clear channel assessment may also be referred to as listen before talk (LBT).

[0095] When the regulatory requirements are met, the communication device may autonomously select relevant parameters for performing clear channel assessment. This disclosure proposes that artificial intelligence techniques are applied to assist the communication device in selecting relevant parameters for clear channel assessment, increasing the probability of accessing a channel by using unlicensed spectrum and improving the reliability of performing communication by the communication device, under the premise that the usage rules of the unlicensed spectrum are met.

[0096] The communication methods provided in this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0097] FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method 400 according to this disclosure. The first node shown in FIG. 4 is a communication node that can perform communication by using an unlicensed spectrum, and the second node can determine a policy for performing clear channel assessment by the first node based on related parameters obtained from the first node. It should be noted that the first node and the second node may be two communication devices, and the first node and the second node may be devices (such as chips) separately located in different communication devices, or the first node and the second node may be two modules / devices located in the same communication device, which is not limited in this application. The communication method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0098] S401: A first node sends first information to a second node, where the first information indicates process parameter information of at least one clear channel assessment of the first node.

[0099] Correspondingly, the second node receives first information from the first node and determines process parameter information of the at least one clear channel assessment of the first node based on the first information.

[0100] The first node transmits first information to the second node and uses the first information to provide the second node with parameter information required by the second node to infer a clear channel assessment policy, such that the second node can infer the clear channel assessment policy of the first node based on the first information.

[0101] In an implementation, the first node may periodically transmit the first information to the second node, and the at least one clear channel assessment is a clear channel assessment performed by the first node in one period.

[0102] In another implementation, the first node may transmit first information to the second node when clear channel assessment is performed a predetermined number of times, the first information indicating process parameter information of the predetermined number of clear channel assessments.

[0103] For example, the pre-set number of times may be signalled by the second node or may be pre-defined in the protocol.

[0104] In another implementation, the second node may send instruction information to the first node to instruct the first node to send the first information. After receiving the instruction information, the first node sends the first information to the second node.

[0105] Optionally, the instruction information may instruct the first node to send the process parameter information of the latest N clear channel assessments. After receiving the instruction information, the first node indicates the process parameter information of the latest N clear channel assessments by using the first information, where N is a positive integer. The value of N is agreed upon in a protocol or notified by the second node. This is not limited.

[0106] In a specific implementation, the number of clear channel assessments in the at least one clear channel assessment may be determined based on a specific implementation. The first information may indicate process parameter information of one clear channel assessment performed by the first node, or the first information may indicate process parameter information of each clear channel assessment in multiple clear channel assessments performed by the first node. This is not limited in this disclosure.

[0107] When the usage rules of the unlicensed spectrum resource are satisfied, the first node may select a clear channel assessment scheme from a plurality of clear channel assessment schemes to perform channel detection based on a signal to be transmitted (wherein the signal to be transmitted may be control information, data, a reference signal, etc.). The period during which the channel is allowed to be occupied after the channel is accessed in different clear channel assessment schemes (called channel occupancy time, COT) may be different. A longer COT indicates that more resources can be used. Correspondingly, a larger amount of data can be transmitted. Optionally, the first node may determine the clear channel assessment scheme based on a service priority of the signal to be transmitted (the clear channel assessment scheme may also be called a clear channel assessment type). For example, the first node may select a clear channel assessment scheme that matches the service priority based on the service priority of the signal to be transmitted. For example, the first node may divide the service priority based on the amount of data, and different amounts of data may correspond to detection schemes with different COTs. In another example, the service priority may be divided based on the latency requirement. A service with a higher latency requirement may correspond to a clear channel assessment scheme with a shorter detection time, and the corresponding channel occupancy time may be shorter. In another example, the service priority may be divided based on the reliability requirement. A service with a higher reliability requirement may correspond to a clear channel assessment scheme with a longer detection time. To meet the reliability requirement, it is determined that the channel is clear and interference is low through as many detections as possible. A service with a lower reliability requirement may correspond to a clear channel assessment scheme with a shorter detection time. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0108] In order to better understand the communication method provided in this disclosure, four clear channel assessment methods are first described below. It should be understood that the clear channel assessment method used in a specific implementation is not limited in this disclosure.

[0109] Method 1

[0110] 5 is a schematic flow chart of the clear channel assessment method 1. In the clear channel assessment method 1, the channel access priority may be determined according to the service priority of the signal to be transmitted, and the parameters of the clear channel assessment method with corresponding priority may be determined according to Table 1. [Table 1]

[0111] Clear channel assessment in method 1 includes, but is not limited to, the following steps.

[0112] 1. The first node determines a channel access priority p based on the service priority of the signal to be transmitted, and p CW min,p Set to.

[0113] After determining the channel access priority p according to the service priority of the signal to be transmitted, the first node determines the maximum contention window (CW) corresponding to the channel access priority p according to the parameter correspondence shown in Table 1. max,p and minimum CW min,p and the selectable values ​​of the contention window. p The value of CW p The minimum selectable value of CW min,p It is. pThe selected value of is used as the upper limit of the selectable range of the initial count value of the counter in step 2. For example, when the channel access priority p is 2, CW p The initial value of is 7.

[0114] 2. The first node detects a detection period T d When the first node determines that the channel is clear in step 2, the first node performs step 3.

[0115] Detection period T d =16μs+m p × 9μs, and the detection period T d may also be called the defer duration, and m p may be determined based on Table 1 and the channel access priority. The first node performs energy detection on the frequency domain resources of the specified bandwidth. During one period T d m in p When the energy detected in successive detection intervals is less than the energy threshold, the detection period T d The channel is considered to be in the clear state at

[0116] 3. The first node is in the region [0, CW p ] a random integer N int and set the counter value N to N int Set to.

[0117] The first node sets the initial value of the counter value N from 0 to CW p Value up to N int Randomly select N = N int N int is uniformly distributed and ranges from 0 to CW p A random value in the range 0≦N int ≦CW p N int and detection period T ddetermines the length of the contention window actually used in the clear channel assessment, i.e., the contention window is determined to be at least N based on the steps described below. int Detection period T d Includes.

[0118] 4. The first node determines whether the channel is d m in p It is determined whether the detection interval is in a clear state. One detection period T d If the channel is in a clear state in T, the count value N of the counter is decremented by 1, otherwise N remains unchanged. Then, in the next period T d Energy continues to be detected in one period T d Each time the channel is detected to be in a clear state at , the count value of the counter is decremented by one.

[0119] The energy detection threshold may be preconfigured or may be obtained by the first node through a calculation based on the maximum transmission power and the channel bandwidth. The first node preferentially uses the preconfigured energy threshold. When there is no preconfigured energy threshold, the energy threshold obtained through the calculation is used.

[0120] 5. When the counter count value N decrements to 0, the first node transmits a signal.

[0121] After determining the channel access priority, the first node performs a clear channel assessment based on the parameters corresponding to the channel access priority in Table 1 to determine that the channel is in a clear state, and thereby transmits a signal. As shown in Table 1, the channel access priority corresponds to the maximum channel occupancy time (maximum COT, MCOT), which is T mcot,pThe MCOT is the maximum time that the channel is allowed to be occupied after it has been accessed by the clear channel assessment method corresponding to the channel access priority. The channel occupation time of the first node is T mcot,p It cannot be larger than that.

[0122] 6. The first node determines whether a proportion of negative acknowledgements (NACKs) in hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback during the reference period is greater than a first threshold. If the proportion of NACKs during the reference period is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the first node determines whether the CW p If the ratio of NACKs in the reference period is less than the first threshold, the value of CW is increased. p is CW min,p is set to.

[0123] The reference period is a period from a start of a designated channel occupation time to an end of a first time unit at which transmission of at least one data channel is completed, and the designated channel occupation time is a channel occupation time at which a first node starts channel occupation and transmits a data channel last. For example, the data channel may be a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). The time unit may be a slot, a subframe, or a frame. The first threshold is a threshold for determining signal transmission quality. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0124] After transmitting the data channel, the first node receives NACK feedback from the data channel receiving node. The first node determines an upper limit CW of the contention window based on the rate of NACKs in a reference time period. pWhen the HARQ feedback in the reference period has a NACK ratio of less than 10% (in other words, the first threshold is 10%), the first node may adjust the CW p If not, the first node sets CW p The value of CW p For example, if a clear channel assessment scheme with channel access priority p=3 is used, the current value of CWp is 15, and the proportion of NACKs in the HARQ feedback in the reference period is 10% or more, then CW p The value of CW p increases to the next selectable value of CW p is set to 31. CW p is the CW corresponding to the current channel access priority. p When the maximum selectable value of HARQ is set (specifically, the maximum value among the selectable values), the CW p If the value of CW needs to be increased, p remains at the maximum selectable value and is not changed. p When the number of detections that remain at the maximum selectable value reaches a preset number of times (the preset number may be preconfigured), the CW p is adjusted to the smallest selectable value (specifically, the smallest value among the selectable values).

[0125] The first node may be a terminal device, and the clear channel assessment scheme in Scheme 1 is applicable to the transmission of a PUSCH, a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), or a sounding reference signal (SRS), and the initiation of a random access process by the terminal device. Alternatively, the first node may be an access network node, and the clear channel assessment scheme in Scheme 1 is applicable to the transmission of any signal, such as a PDSCH, a physical uplink control channel (PDCCH), and a reference signal, by the access network node.

[0126] Method 2

[0127] In the clear channel assessment method in method 2, the detection period is T short = 25 μs, T short is a time interval T f = 16μs, and the time interval T f In method 2, T f The 9 μs starting from the start of the 16 μs period is one detection interval, and the detection period T short is shown in Figure 6. The detection period T short The channel is considered to be in a clear state when the energy detected by the communication device in two detection intervals of 9 μs in is less than the energy threshold. If the channel is determined to be in a clear state through detection, the first node should transmit a signal immediately after detection is completed.

[0128] The first node may access the channel in a clear channel assessment manner in Scheme 2 after the signal is received or after the signal transmission is completed.

[0129] Method 3

[0130] In the clear channel assessment method in method 3, the detection period is T f = 16 μs. In method 3, the detection period T f The detection interval is 9 μs before the end of the detection period T f is shown in Figure 7. The detection period T f A channel is considered to be in a clear state and accessible if the channel is in a clear state for at least 5 μs in the detection interval, the 5 μs period including at least 4 μs in the detection interval. In other words, the channel is in a clear state for at least 4 μs in the detection interval and the detection period T f If the channel is in the clear state for at least 5 μs in, the channel is considered to be in the clear state and the channel is accessible. If the channel is determined to be in the clear state through detection, the first node should transmit a signal immediately after detection is completed.

[0131] Method 4

[0132] In scheme 4, the first node can transmit a signal without performing energy detection, but the transmission period cannot exceed 584 μs.

[0133] Above, multiple clear channel assessment methods in unlicensed spectrum are described by using examples. It should be understood that the clear channel assessment method used by the first node in this disclosure may be one of the above clear channel assessment methods, or may be other clear channel assessment methods. It should be noted that when the first information indicates multiple clear channel assessments, the detection methods used by the first node for the multiple clear channel assessments may be the same or different. The specific method may be a clear channel assessment method selected by the first node based on the service priority of the signal to be transmitted, which is not limited in this disclosure.

[0134] The first node may use the first information to inform the second node of process parameter information of at least one clear channel assessment performed by the first node, so that the second node can obtain a clear channel assessment policy suitable for the first node through inference based on the first information, and inform the first node of the clear channel assessment policy. In this way, when the usage rules of the unlicensed spectrum are satisfied, the probability of the first node accessing the channel is increased, and the reliability of communication is improved.

[0135] Optionally, the type of parameter information required by the second node to infer the clear channel assessment policy may be predefined in the protocol, or the second node may send third information to the first node, where the third information indicates the type of parameter information required by the second node to infer the clear channel assessment policy. The second node determines the type of parameter information required by the second node to infer the clear channel assessment policy based on the third information, and provides the corresponding type of parameter information for the second node by using the first information, so that the second node infers a clear channel assessment policy suitable for the first node based on the first information, and notifies the first node of the clear channel assessment policy. In this way, when the usage rules of the unlicensed spectrum are met, the probability of the first node accessing the channel is increased, and the reliability of communication is improved.

[0136] Optionally, the process parameter information includes the following information: This includes, but is not limited to, one or more of service priority information of a signal for triggering clear channel assessment, a method of clear channel assessment, channel access priority information, contention window information, detection period information, energy detection threshold, or detection result information.

[0137] The contention window information is the upper limit CW of the selected contention window. p , the initial count value N of the selected counter int or the number of detection periods in one clear channel assessment. The detection period information may include, but is not limited to, the length of the detection period and / or the number of detection intervals in the detection period. The detection result information may include the following: The channel state determined after a clear channel assessment, the number or percentage of detection periods during which the channel is detected to be in a clear state, the number or percentage of detection periods during which the channel is detected to be in a busy state, or one or more of the energy values ​​detected in the detection interval.

[0138] For example, the at least one clear channel assessment includes a clear channel assessment method in scheme 1. For example, when there is a signal to be transmitted, the first node performs clear channel assessment in the clear channel assessment method in scheme 1. The process parameter information of the clear channel assessment indicated by the first information may include service priority information of the signal for triggering the clear channel assessment, a method of the clear channel assessment, i.e. scheme 1, and detection result information. Optionally, the process parameter information may include a channel access priority p specifically selected in scheme 1, an upper limit value CW of the contention window, and the like. p , and the initial count value N of the counter int For example, the first information may further include a channel access priority p of 3 and an upper limit CW p is 31, and the counter value N int Specifically, we show that is 23.

[0139] Optionally, in this example, the process parameter information may further include the number of detection periods detected in the current clear channel assessment. Based on the above description of the clear channel assessment in method 1, the initial count value Nint is the detection period T during which the channel is detected as being in a clear state. d The purpose of the present invention is to limit the number of detection periods detected in the current detection. When the first node detects that the channel is busy in one detection period, the count value of the counter remains unchanged. Therefore, in order to enable the second node to more accurately obtain relevant information of the current clear channel assessment, the first node may further inform the second node of the specific number of detection periods detected in the current detection.

[0140] Optionally, in this example, the process parameters may further include an energy threshold used in the current clear channel assessment, so that the second node knows the criteria for determining the channel state by the first node in the current detection. The first information may further indicate detection result information. For example, the detection result information may indicate the time period T d , specifically, that the channel is clear or busy.

[0141] In another example, the at least one clear channel assessment includes a clear channel assessment method in Method 3, and the process parameter information of the clear channel assessment indicated by the first information may indicate a detection method, i.e., Method 3, an energy threshold, and detection result information. For example, the detection result information may indicate that the channel state is determined as a clear state or a busy state through the current clear channel assessment. The detection result information may indicate a detection period T f For example, in this clear channel assessment, the first node may indicate that the channel is clear for a detection period T f and the first information may indicate that the channel is in a clear state for 8 μs, or the channel is in a clear state for a detection period T fmay indicate that the signal is in a clear state for 50% of the time, but this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0142] In another example, the process parameter information of one clear channel assessment indicated by the first information may include the length of the detection period in the current clear channel assessment, the number of detection intervals included in the detection period, an energy threshold, and detection result information. In other words, the process parameters of the clear channel assessment may not indicate the method of the clear channel assessment, but may indicate detection period information (e.g., the time length of the detection period and the number of detection intervals included), an energy threshold, and detection result information of the clear channel assessment.

[0143] It should be noted that above, by using an example, we simply describe the type of process parameter information of the clear channel assessment indicated by the first information. The type of process parameter information of the clear channel assessment indicated by the first information may be predefined in the protocol or may be indicated by the second node. This is not limited in this disclosure. The parameter information required by the second node to infer the clear channel assessment policy may further include transmission quality information, which will be described below.

[0144] Optionally, the first information further comprises transmission quality information, the transmission quality information indicative of a quality of a signal transmitted by the first node on the unlicensed spectrum resource.

[0145] In this disclosure, the signal transmitted by the first node on the channel accessed through clear channel assessment may be one or more of data, reference signal, or control information. The data may be a transport block (TB), a code block (CB), or a code block group (CBG) carried on a PDSCH resource or a PUSCH resource. The reference signal may include, but is not limited to, a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS), or a sounding reference signal (SRS). The control information may include, but is not limited to, a system message (SI), uplink control information (UCI), or downlink control information. The first node may be an access network node or a terminal device. Specifically, when the first node is an access network node, the transmitted signal may be a downlink signal. When the first node is a terminal device, the transmitted signal may be an uplink signal, a signal transmitted by the terminal device, or a sidelink signal between the terminal devices, which is not limited in this disclosure.

[0146] For example, the first node may periodically transmit first information, and the first information may include signal quality information of a signal transmitted by the first node by using unlicensed spectrum resources in one period.

[0147] In another example, for a clear channel assessment having a detection result that the channel is in a clear state, the first node may transmit a signal after the clear channel assessment, and the first information may further include transmission quality information of the signal transmission corresponding to the detection indicated by the first information in at least one clear channel assessment having a detection result that the channel is clear.

[0148] By way of example and not limitation, the transmission quality information may include the following information: It may indicate one or more of the channel occupation time COT of signal transmission, signal quality information, a percentage of successful signal transmissions in a reference period, a percentage of failed signal transmissions in a reference period, a first threshold, or a reference period for evaluating signal transmission quality.

[0149] The transmission quality information may include a channel occupancy time of the signal transmission. For example, the first node periodically transmits the first information to the second node. The first node may use the first information to inform the second node of a channel occupancy time for the first node to occupy the channel to transmit the signal after accessing the channel through each clear channel assessment in one period. For example, the transmission quality information may include a number K of times the first node transmits a signal by using the unlicensed spectrum resource in one period, and the transmission quality information indicates that the K segments of the COT are the COTs in which the signal is transmitted K times. In another example, the first information includes transmission quality information of the signal transmission corresponding to a detection having a detection result that the channel is clear in at least one clear channel assessment. Each transmission quality information includes a corresponding COT in which the signal is transmitted after the clear channel assessment. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0150] The transmission quality information may include signal quality information, the signal quality information indicating a quality of a signal transmitted on the unlicensed spectrum resource, such that the second node can infer a clear channel assessment policy based on the quality of the signal transmitted after the first node has accessed the channel.

[0151] In one example, when detecting that the channel is in a clear state, the first node transmits a data channel by using unlicensed spectrum resources. The data channel includes a DMRS for demodulation. The node receiving the data channel may measure a signal quality of the DMRS and feed back the signal quality to the first node. The signal quality of the DMRS may represent a transmission quality of the data channel. The first node may inform the second node of the transmission quality by using the signal quality information. For example, it may be specified that the node receiving the data channel measures a signal quality of the DMRS on the first data channel in one segment of the COT and feeds back the signal quality to the first node to reduce feedback overhead. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0152] In another example, the first node may be an access network node. When it is detected that the channel is in a clear state, the access network node transmits the CSI-RS to the terminal device by using unlicensed spectrum resources. The terminal device measures a signal quality of the CSI-RS and feeds back the signal quality to the access network node. The first information transmitted by the access network node to the second node includes signal quality information, and the second node is informed of the signal quality of the CSI-RS transmitted by the access network node by using the unlicensed spectrum by using the signal quality information.

[0153] In another example, the first node may be a terminal device. The terminal device transmits the SRS to an access network node by using unlicensed spectrum resources. The access network node measures a signal quality of the SRS and feeds back the signal quality to the terminal device. The first information transmitted by the terminal device to the second node includes signal quality information indicating the signal quality. In this example, the second node may be the access network node or another node in the network, and the first information may be transmitted transparently to the second node via the access network node.

[0154] By way of example and not limitation, the signal quality may be one or more of reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), or signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR).

[0155] The transmission quality information may include a rate of successful signal transmission or a rate of unsuccessful signal transmission. In the above clear channel assessment method 1, it is described that the first node may compare the rate of NACK feedback in a reference period with a first threshold to adjust the upper limit of the contention window. For example, when the channel is detected to be in a clear state, the first node may transmit a data channel by using unlicensed spectrum resources. For example, the data channel includes multiple CBGs. The node receiving the data channel may transmit HARQ feedback to the first node, and the first node may determine whether each CBG on the data channel is successfully received based on the HARQ feedback. When one CBG on the data channel is successfully received, the node feeds back one ACK corresponding to the CBG. When one CBG on the data channel is not successfully received, the node feeds back a negative acknowledgement (NACK) corresponding to the CBG, or does not feed back an ACK, indicating that the CBG was not successfully received. The transmission quality information may include a rate of successful signal transmission, in other words, a rate of ACK feedback in a reference period, calculated by the first node. Alternatively, the transmission quality information may include a percentage of signal transmission failures, for example a percentage of NACKs that are fed back in a reference period, or a percentage of ACKs that are not fed back in a reference period.

[0156] The reference period may be predefined in the protocol, may be signaled by the second node, or may be determined by the first node. For example, the reference period may be a period defined in the above detection scheme 1, or may be a period defined in a specific implementation scheme. For example, the reference time may be a resource period occupied by the last data channel in one segment of the COT. If the reference time period is determined by the first node, the first node may signal information about the reference time period to the second node by using the transmission quality information.

[0157] The transmission quality information may include a first threshold for determining signal transmission quality, such that the second node may know a criterion for determining transmission quality by the first node based on the first threshold. The second node may infer a clear channel assessment policy of the first node based on the first threshold.

[0158] In an optional implementation manner, the first node may not transmit transmission quality information to the second node, the first node may transmit a reference signal by using the unlicensed frequency band resource after accessing the channel, and the second node determines the quality of the signal transmitted by the terminal device on the unlicensed spectrum resource based on the reference signal received from the first node. For example, the first node may be a terminal device, and the second node may be an access network node. The access network node may determine the quality of the signal transmitted by the terminal device based on the reference signal transmitted by the terminal device on the unlicensed spectrum resource. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. In a specific implementation manner, the second node may infer the clear channel assessment policy by referring to the quality of the signal transmitted by the first node. Alternatively, the second node may infer the clear channel assessment policy only based on the process parameter information of the clear channel assessment without referring to the quality of the signal transmitted by the first node.

[0159] S402: The second node sends second information to the first node, where the second information indicates a clear channel assessment policy of the first node, and the clear channel assessment policy includes detection parameter information of the clear channel assessment.

[0160] Correspondingly, the first node receives second information from the second node and determines a clear channel assessment policy based on the second information.

[0161] As mentioned above, the type of parameter information required by the second node to infer the clear channel assessment policy may be predefined in the protocol, or the second node may send the third information to the first node, where the third information indicates the type of parameter information required by the second node to infer the clear channel assessment policy. In this case, the first node and the second node may reach an agreement on the type of parameter information required by the second node to infer the clear channel assessment policy, so that the first information sent by the first node to the second node includes the corresponding type of parameter information required by the second node. For example, the parameter information required by the second node to infer the clear channel assessment policy may include the process parameter information of the clear channel assessment, or may include the process parameter information of the clear channel assessment and the transmission quality information.

[0162] After receiving the first information, the second node obtains a clear channel assessment policy of the first node through inference based on the first information. For example, the second node is configured with an intelligent model for inferring a clear channel assessment policy, and the second node infers the clear channel assessment policy by using the intelligent model. For example, the received first information is input into the intelligent model, and the obtained output of the intelligent model is the clear channel assessment policy obtained by the intelligent model through inference based on the first information.

[0163] In an implementation scheme, the intelligent model may be pre-configured in the second node.

[0164] In another implementation, the intelligent model may be an intelligent model for inference obtained by performing model training by a second node based on training data.

[0165] For example, FIG. 8 is an exemplary diagram of the training process of the intelligent model. The second node may obtain one training data. For example, the training data may be obtained by the second node from the first node. For example, the first node transmits the first information to the second node, and in the training process of the intelligent model, the second node uses the received first information as training data to train the intelligent model. However, the disclosure is not limited thereto. The training data may be downloaded from the network by the second node. For example, the second node is an access network node, and the access network node may download the training data from a node such as an OAM. As shown in FIG. 8, the training data may include training samples, and the training samples are used as inputs and processed by the intelligent model, and then an inference result, i.e., a clear channel assessment policy, is output. The second node obtains the output of the loss function through calculation based on the inference result by using the loss function, and then optimizes model parameters of the intelligent model based on the loss function to obtain an intelligent model obtained by optimizing and updating the parameters. In the next training, the second node obtains other training data, processes the training data by using the intelligent model obtained by updating parameters, and outputs an inference result. By using a large amount of training data, multiple trainings are performed on the intelligent model. When the output of the loss function meets a preset condition, the training of the intelligent model is completed to obtain a trained intelligent model, i.e., an intelligent model that can be used to infer a clear channel assessment policy.

[0166] In this embodiment, the second node may train the intelligent model in a supervised learning manner. For example, the training data may further include a label, and the label is a correct inference result corresponding to the first information, i.e., a correct clear channel assessment policy corresponding to the first information. In the supervised learning training manner, the loss function is for calculating the error between the inference result and the label, and the second node may optimize the algorithm by using the model parameters to optimize the parameters of the intelligent model based on the error obtained by using the loss function. By using a large amount of training data, multiple trainings are performed on the intelligent model, so that the training of the intelligent model is completed after the difference between the output of the intelligent model and the label is equal to or less than a first preset value.

[0167] In another example of this implementation, the second node may train the intelligent model in an unsupervised learning manner, and the training data does not include a label. For unsupervised learning, the loss function may be a function for evaluating the performance of the model. The second node uses an algorithm to learn the internal patterns of the samples, and completes the training of the intelligent model based on the samples. By using a large amount of training data, multiple trainings are performed on the intelligent model, so that the training of the intelligent model is completed after the output of the intelligent model is equal to or greater than a second preset value.

[0168] It should be understood that the training scheme of the model used in a particular implementation is not a limitation of this disclosure.

[0169] In another implementation, the intelligent model of the second node may be obtained by a third node.

[0170] The third node may obtain a trained intelligent model through model training, and send the trained intelligent model to the second node. After obtaining the trained intelligent model, the second node infers a clear channel assessment policy by using the intelligent model. The process of training an intelligent model by the third node may be as shown in FIG. 8. The third node may obtain training data from the first node. For example, the first node sends the first information to the third node as training data for model training. The third node trains an intelligent model based on the training data. It should be noted that the training data may be directly sent by the first node to the third node, or may be forwarded to the third node through other nodes. For example, the training data may be forwarded to the third node through the second node or a node in another network. The third node may train the intelligent model in a supervised learning manner, or the third node may train the intelligent model in an unsupervised learning manner. For a specific implementation manner, refer to the above manner of training an intelligent model by the second node. For the sake of brevity, the details will not be described again here.

[0171] For example, the second node may be an access network node, and the access network node may obtain the intelligent model from the third node. For example, the third node may be a core network node or an OAM. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the second node may alternatively be an AI concrete in a core network device, and the third node may be an OAM. After receiving the first information from the first node in S401, the second node obtains a clear channel assessment policy of the first node through inference by using the intelligent model. Optionally, the clear channel assessment policy may be determined based on the following detection parameter information, namely: The signal for triggering clear channel assessment includes one or more of service priority information, clear channel assessment method, channel access priority information, contention window information, detection period information, or energy detection threshold. For the above information, please refer to the above description. For the sake of brevity, the details will not be described again here.

[0172] Optionally, the clear channel assessment policy includes detection parameter information for clear channel assessment corresponding to each of the service priorities of the at least one signal, so that the first node can perform clear channel assessment based on the service priority of the signal to be transmitted by using the detection parameter information for clear channel assessment corresponding to the service priority in the clear channel assessment policy.

[0173] Optionally, the clear channel assessment policy further includes one or more of information on a reference period for evaluating the signal transmission quality, a first threshold, a maximum channel occupancy time corresponding to the clear channel assessment, or transmission quality prediction information. For example, the clear channel assessment policy further includes information on a reference period corresponding to the signal transmission quality obtained through inference by the intelligent model, and the information on the reference period indicates a reference period for evaluating the signal transmission quality. The clear channel assessment policy may further include a first threshold for evaluating the signal transmission quality, so that the first node can adjust the length of the contention window based on the signal transmission quality in the reference period. Alternatively, the clear channel assessment policy may not include information on the reference period and only includes the first threshold. The reference period may be predefined or may be determined by the first node. The first node may determine the signal transmission quality in the reference period based on the first threshold.

[0174] In another example, the clear channel assessment policy may include a maximum channel occupancy time, such that after the first node receives the clear channel assessment policy and performs clear channel assessment to access the channel, the maximum period during which the channel can be occupied does not exceed the maximum channel occupancy time indicated by the clear channel assessment policy, thereby improving the reliability of signal transmission.

[0175] In another example, the clear channel assessment policy may further include transmission quality prediction information, which is a quality of a signal transmitted and obtained by a second node through inference after the first node performs clear channel assessment by using the clear channel assessment policy to access a channel. For example, the clear channel assessment policy may include a plurality of clear channel assessment methods, and the transmission quality prediction information further indicates a quality of a signal transmitted and predicted by a second node after the channel is accessed by each detection method. The first node may select a clear channel assessment method that meets the reliability requirement of the signal transmission based on the transmission quality prediction information and the reliability requirement of the signal to be transmitted.

[0176] The communication method shown in Fig. 4 may be applied to multiple application scenarios. Below, some application scenarios are described by using examples. It should be understood that the disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0177] Example 1: The first node may be a terminal device or an apparatus disposed in the terminal device, and the second node may be an access network node, for example, an access network device or an apparatus disposed in the access network device. The terminal device provides the access network node with parameter information for inferring a clear channel assessment policy by using the first information. The access network node obtains a clear channel assessment policy suitable for the terminal device through inference based on the first information, and then transmits the clear channel assessment policy to the terminal device. For example, the access network node may be an AI concrete in the access network device, for example, a RIC module in the access network device. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0178] Example 2: The first node may be an access network node and the second node may be an AI Concrete (ie, AIC).

[0179] For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the access network node executes S901 to send first information to the AIC, and provides the AIC with parameter information for inferring a clear channel assessment policy by using the first information. The AIC executes S902 to obtain a clear channel assessment policy suitable for the access network node based on the first information, and then executes S903 to send the clear channel assessment policy to the access network node. When the access network node needs to send a signal to a terminal device by using an unlicensed spectrum resource, the access network node may detect a clear state of a downlink channel based on the clear channel assessment policy, and send a signal when the downlink channel is clear. The access network node may be an access network device, or a module or unit of the access network device. In some manners, the AI ​​concrete may be a network node other than the access network device in the network, such as an OAM. In other manners, the AI ​​concrete and the access network node may be two nodes located in the same access network device. For example, the access network node may be a CU, DU or RU of the access network device, and the AI ​​concrete may be a near-real-time RIC in the access network device. It should be understood that the above uses examples to merely illustrate specific implementation scenarios of access network nodes and AI concretes, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0180] The access network node may directly transmit the first information to the third party node, or may forward the first information to the third party node through forwarding by another network node, which is not a limitation of this disclosure.

[0181] Example 3: The first node may be a terminal device or a device disposed in the terminal device, or may be a third party node other than the terminal device and the access network node. For example, the third party node may be a network element having an AI function or in which an AI concrete is disposed in the network. The terminal device may forward the first information to the third party node through forwarding by using the access network node.

[0182] For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the first node is a terminal device. The terminal device executes S1001 to send first information to an access network node. After receiving the first information, the access network node executes S1002 to send the first information to a third party node. The third party node executes S1003 to obtain a clear channel assessment policy suitable for the terminal device through reasoning based on the first information, and then informs the terminal device of the clear channel assessment policy by using the second information. Specifically, the third party node executes S1004 to send the second information to the access network node. After receiving the second information, the access network node executes S1005 to forward the second information to the terminal device, so that the terminal device determines a clear channel assessment policy based on the second information after receiving the second information, and executes S1006 to perform clear channel assessment based on the clear channel assessment policy when a signal needs to be transmitted by using unlicensed spectrum resources. For example, when the signal is a signal to be transmitted to an access network node, the terminal device detects a clear state of an uplink channel based on a clear channel assessment policy, and transmits the signal to the access network node by using unlicensed spectrum resources when the uplink channel is clear. In another example, when the signal is a signal to be transmitted to another terminal device, the terminal device detects a clear state of a sidelink channel based on a clear channel assessment policy, and transmits the signal to the target terminal device by using unlicensed spectrum resources when the sidelink channel is clear. It should be noted that in this example, communication information may be directly exchanged between the access network node and the third party node, and at least one communication node may be further included between the access network node and the third party node.Communication information transmitted by the access network node to the third party node may be forwarded to the third party node by at least one communication node, and communication information transmitted by the third party node to the access network node may be forwarded to the access network node by at least one communication node.

[0183] Based on the above solution, the second node may obtain process parameter information of the clear channel assessment of the first node by using the first information, and provide the clear channel assessment policy obtained based on the first information to the first node. In this case, the first node can obtain a clear channel assessment policy suitable for the first node to increase the probability of the first node accessing the channel when the usage rules of the unlicensed spectrum are satisfied and the reliability of the unlicensed spectrum-based communication is satisfied, so that the power consumption caused by the frequent channel detection failure of the first node can be reduced.

[0184] In this disclosure, a network element may perform some or all of the steps or operations associated with the network element. These steps or operations are merely examples. Other operations or variations of various operations may also be performed in this disclosure. Additionally, steps may be performed in a different order than presented in this disclosure, and not all operations in this disclosure may be performed.

[0185] In various examples of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated or unless there is a logical contradiction, the terms and / or descriptions in different examples are consistent and may be cross-referenced, and technical features in different examples may be combined based on their internal logical relationships to form new examples.

[0186] The method provided in this disclosure is described above in detail with reference to Figures 4 to 10. The following attached drawings describe the communication apparatus and communication device provided in this disclosure. To realize the functions in the method provided in this disclosure, each network element may include a hardware structure and / or a software module, and realize the above functions in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a combination of a hardware structure and a software module. Whether the functions among the above functions are performed by using a hardware structure, a software module, or a combination of a hardware structure and a software module depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0187] As shown in FIG 11, a communication device 1100 may include a transceiver unit 1120. As shown in FIG 11, a communication device 1100 may include a transceiver unit 1120.

[0188] In a possible design, the communications device 1100 may correspond to a first node in the above methods, a chip disposed in (or used in) the first node, or another device, module, circuit, unit, etc. capable of implementing the methods of the first node.

[0189] It should be understood that the communication device 1100 may include units configured to perform the methods performed by the first node in the methods illustrated in Figures 4, 9, and 10. Furthermore, the units in the communication device 1100 and other operations and / or functions described above are separately intended to realize corresponding procedures of the methods illustrated in Figures 4, 9, and 10.

[0190] Optionally, the communications device 1100 may further include a processing unit 1110. The processing unit 1110 may be configured to process instructions or data to implement corresponding operations.

[0191] It should be further understood that when the communication device 1100 is a chip disposed (or used) in a first node, the transceiver unit 1120 in the communication device 1100 may be an input / output interface or circuitry in the chip, and the processing unit 1110 in the communication device 1100 may be a processor in the chip.

[0192] Optionally, the communication device 1100 may further include a storage unit 1130. The storage unit 1130 may be configured to store instructions or data. The processing unit 1110 may execute the instructions or data stored in the storage unit to enable the communication device to realize corresponding operations.

[0193] It should be understood that the transceiver unit 1120 in the communication device 1100 may be realized through a communication interface (e.g., a transceiver or an input / output interface), and may correspond, for example, to the transceiver 1210 in the first node 1200 shown in FIG. 12. The processing unit 1110 in the communication device 1100 may be realized through at least one processor, and may correspond, for example, to the processor 1220 in the first node 1200 shown in FIG. 12. Alternatively, the processing unit 1110 in the communication device 1100 may be realized through at least one logic circuit. The storage unit 1130 in the communication device 1100 may correspond to a memory in the first node 1200 shown in FIG. 12.

[0194] It should be further understood that the specific processes by which the units execute the above corresponding steps have been described in detail in the above methods, and for the sake of brevity, the details will not be described again here.

[0195] In other possible designs, the communications device 1100 may correspond to a second node in the above methods, such as a chip located in (or used in) the second node, or other device, module, circuit, or unit capable of implementing the methods of the second node.

[0196] It should be understood that the communication device 1100 may include units configured to perform the methods performed by the second node in the methods illustrated in Figures 4, 9, and 10. Furthermore, the units in the communication device 1100 and other operations and / or functions described above are separately intended to realize corresponding procedures of the methods illustrated in Figures 4, 9, and 10.

[0197] Optionally, the communications device 1100 may further include a processing unit 1110. The processing unit 1110 may be configured to process instructions or data to implement corresponding operations.

[0198] It should be further understood that when the communication device 1100 is a chip disposed (or used) in a second node, the transceiver unit 1120 in the communication device 1100 may be an input / output interface or circuitry in the chip, and the processing unit 1110 in the communication device 1100 may be a processor in the chip.

[0199] Optionally, the communication device 1100 may further include a storage unit 1130. The storage unit 1130 may be configured to store instructions or data. The processing unit 1110 may execute the instructions or data stored in the storage unit to enable the communication device to realize corresponding operations.

[0200] It should be understood that when the communication device 1100 is a second node, the transceiver unit 1120 in the communication device 1100 may be realized through a communication interface (e.g., a transceiver or an input / output interface), and may, for example, correspond to the transceiver 1310 in the network device 1300 shown in FIG. 13. The processing unit 1310 in the communication device 1300 may be realized through at least one processor, and may, for example, correspond to the processor 1320 in the network device 1300 shown in FIG. 13. The processing unit 1110 in the communication device 1100 may be realized through at least one logic circuit. The storage unit 1130 in the communication device 1100 may correspond to a memory in the network device 1300 shown in FIG. 13.

[0201] It should be further understood that the specific processes by which the units execute the above corresponding steps have been described in detail in the above methods, and for the sake of brevity, the details will not be described again here.

[0202] FIG. 12 is a diagram of the structure of a terminal device 1200 according to this disclosure. The terminal device 1200 may be used in the system shown in FIG. 1 to perform the functions of the terminal device in the above method. As shown in the drawing, the terminal device 1200 includes a processor 1220 and a transceiver 1210. Optionally, the terminal device 1200 further includes a memory. The processor 1220, the transceiver 1210 and the memory may communicate with each other through an internal connection path to transmit control signals and / or data signals. The memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor 1220 is configured to execute the computer program in the memory to control the transceiver 1210 to receive and transmit signals.

[0203] The processor 1220 may be configured to execute the operations described in the above method implemented inside the terminal device. The transceiver 1210 may be configured to execute the transmission action by the terminal device for the network device or the reception action from the network device in the above method. For details, please refer to the description in the above method. The details will not be described again here.

[0204] Optionally, terminal device 1200 may further include a power source configured to provide power to various components or circuits within the terminal device.

[0205] FIG. 13 is a diagram of a structure of a network device 1300 according to this disclosure. The network device 1300 may be used in the system shown in FIG. 1 to perform the functions of the second node in the above method. As shown in the drawing, the network device 1300 includes a processor 1320 and a transceiver 1310. Optionally, the network device 1300 further includes a memory. The processor 1320, the transceiver 1310 and the memory may communicate with each other through an internal connection path to transfer control signals and / or data signals. The memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor 1320 is configured to execute the computer program in the memory to control the transceiver 1310 to receive and transmit signals.

[0206] The processor 1320 may be configured to execute the operations described in the above method implemented within the network device. The transceiver 1310 may be configured to execute the transmission action by the network device for the network device or the reception action from the network device in the above method. For details, please refer to the description in the above method. The details will not be described again here.

[0207] Optionally, the network device 1300 may further include a power supply configured to provide power to various components or circuits within the network device.

[0208] In the terminal device shown in FIG. 12 and the network device shown in FIG. 13, the processor and the memory may be combined into one processing unit, and the processor is configured to execute the program code stored in the memory to realize the above functions. In a specific implementation manner, the memory may be integrated into the processor or may be independent of the processor. The processor may correspond to the processing unit in FIG. 11. The transceiver may correspond to the transceiver unit in FIG. 11. The transceiver 1210 may include a receiver (also called a receiver machine or receiver circuit) and a transmitter (also called a transmitter machine or transmitter circuit). The receiver is configured to receive a signal, and the transmitter is configured to transmit a signal.

[0209] In this disclosure, a processor may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, which may implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams in this disclosure. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the methods in this disclosure may be implemented directly by a hardware processor, or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in a processor.

[0210] In this disclosure, memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), or a volatile memory, such as a random-access memory (RAM). Memory is any other medium capable of carrying or storing program code, envisioned in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto. Memory in this application may alternatively be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing a storage function and configured to store program instructions and / or data.

[0211] The disclosure further provides a processing device, the processing device including a processor and a (communication) interface, the processor being configured to execute any one of the methods described above.

[0212] It should be understood that the processing device may be one or more chips, for example, a processing device may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), or other integrated chip.

[0213] According to the methods provided in this disclosure, this disclosure further provides a computer program product, which includes computer program code that, when executed by one or more processors, enables an apparatus including the processors to perform the methods shown in Figures 4, 9 and 10.

[0214] All or part of the technical solutions provided in this disclosure may be realized by using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When software is used to realize the embodiments, all or part of the embodiments may be realized in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded into a computer and executed, the procedures or functions in the present invention are generated in whole or in part. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium accessible by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a digital video disc, DVD), a semiconductor medium, etc.

[0215] According to the methods provided in this disclosure, the disclosure further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores program code, which, when executed by one or more processors, enables an apparatus including the processors to perform the methods shown in Figures 4, 9 and 10.

[0216] According to the method provided in this disclosure, the disclosure further provides a system including one or more of the first devices described above. The system may further include one or more of the third devices described above.

[0217] In some embodiments provided in this disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device, and method may be realized in other ways. For example, the described device is an example. For example, the unit division is merely a logical functional division, and may be divided in other ways in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into other systems, or some features may be ignored or not implemented. Furthermore, the shown or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections may be realized by using some interfaces. Indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be realized in electronic, mechanical, or other forms.

[0218] The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts shown as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one place or distributed over multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected based on actual requirements to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.

[0219] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Any variations or replacements that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure shall fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. 1. A communication method comprising: receiving first information, the first information indicating process parameter information of at least one clear channel assessment of the first node; transmitting second information, the second information indicating a clear channel assessment policy of the first node, the clear channel assessment policy being obtained based on the first information, the clear channel assessment policy including detection parameter information of the clear channel assessment; The method includes:

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of obtaining the clear channel assessment policy through inference based on the first information.

3. transmitting the first information to a second node; receiving the second information from the second node; The method of claim 1 further comprising:

4. The process parameter information includes the following parameters: The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising one or more of service priority information of a signal for triggering the clear channel assessment, a method of the clear channel assessment, channel access priority information, contention window information, detection period information, energy detection threshold, or detection result information.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the clear channel assessment policy comprises detection parameter information for clear channel assessment corresponding to service priority information of at least one signal.

6. The clear channel assessment policy may include the following:

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising one or more of: service priority information of the signal for triggering the clear channel assessment; a scheme of the clear channel assessment; channel access priority information; contention window information; detection period information; or an energy detection threshold.

7. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first information further comprises transmission quality information, the transmission quality information indicative of a quality of data transmitted by the first node on unlicensed spectrum resources.

8. The transmission quality information may include the following: indicating one or more of a channel occupancy time of signal transmission, signal quality information, a rate of successful signal transmission in a reference period, a rate of unsuccessful signal transmission in a reference period, a first threshold, or information on a reference period for evaluating signal transmission quality; The method of claim 7 , wherein the first threshold is a threshold for evaluating the signal transmission quality.

9. The clear channel assessment policy may include the following: Further comprising one or more of information on a reference period for evaluating signal transmission quality, a first threshold value, a maximum channel occupancy time corresponding to the clear channel assessment, or transmission quality prediction information; The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first threshold value is a threshold value for evaluating the signal transmission quality.

10. The step of receiving first information from the first node includes:

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of periodically receiving the first information, the at least one clear channel assessment being a clear channel assessment performed by the first node in one period.

11. 1. A communication method comprising: transmitting first information, the first information indicating process parameter information of at least one clear channel assessment of the first node; receiving second information, the second information indicating a clear channel assessment policy of the first node, the clear channel assessment policy being obtained based on the first information, the clear channel assessment policy including detection parameter information of the clear channel assessment; The method includes:

12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising: performing a clear channel assessment based on the clear channel assessment policy.

13. The process parameter information includes the following parameters: The method according to claim 11 or 12, further comprising one or more of service priority information of the signal for triggering the clear channel assessment, a scheme of the clear channel assessment, channel access priority information, contention window information, detection period information, energy detection threshold, or detection result information.

14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the clear channel assessment policy comprises detection parameter information for clear channel assessment corresponding to service priority information of at least one signal.

15. The clear channel assessment policy may include the following: The method of claim 14, further comprising one or more of: service priority information of the signal for triggering the clear channel assessment; a scheme of the clear channel assessment; channel access priority information; contention window information; detection period information; or an energy detection threshold.

16. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the first information further comprises transmission quality information, the transmission quality information indicative of a quality of data transmitted by the first node on unlicensed spectrum resources.

17. The transmission quality information may include the following: indicating one or more of a channel occupancy time of signal transmission, signal quality information, a rate of successful signal transmission in a reference period, a rate of unsuccessful signal transmission in a reference period, a first threshold, or information on a reference period for evaluating signal transmission quality; The method of claim 16, wherein the first threshold is a threshold for assessing the signal transmission quality.

18. The clear channel assessment policy may include the following: Further comprising one or more of information on a reference period for evaluating signal transmission quality, a first threshold value, a maximum channel occupancy time corresponding to the clear channel assessment, or transmission quality prediction information; 18. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, wherein the first threshold value is a threshold value for assessing the signal transmission quality.

19. The step of transmitting the first information includes:

19. The method of claim 11, comprising the step of periodically transmitting the first information, and wherein the at least one clear channel assessment is a clear channel assessment performed by the first node in one period.

20. 1. A communication method comprising: receiving first information, the first information indicating process parameter information of at least one clear channel assessment of the first node; training an intelligent model based on the first information; The method includes:

21. Training an intelligent model based on the first information includes: inputting the first information into the intelligent model to obtain a clear channel assessment policy output by the intelligent model; obtaining updated model parameters of the intelligent model based on the clear channel assessment policy; updating parameters of the intelligent model based on the updated model parameters to obtain an updated intelligent model; 21. The method of claim 20, comprising:

22. Obtaining updated model parameters of the intelligent model based on the clear channel assessment policy includes: obtaining model checking information based on the clear channel assessment policy by using a loss function; obtaining the updated model parameters based on the model checking information when the model checking information does not satisfy a preset condition; 22. The method of claim 21 , comprising:

23. The method according to claim 20 , wherein if the model checking information satisfies the preset condition, the current intelligent model is used as the trained intelligent model.

24. 1. A communication device, comprising: a transceiver unit configured to receive first information, the first information indicative of process parameter information of at least one clear channel assessment of the first node; a processing unit configured to determine second information, the second information indicating a clear channel assessment policy of the first node, the clear channel assessment policy being obtained based on the first information, the clear channel assessment policy including detection parameter information of the clear channel assessment; Including, The apparatus, wherein the transceiver unit is further configured to transmit the second information.

25. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the processing unit is further configured to obtain the clear channel assessment policy through inference based on the first information.

26. The transceiver unit includes: transmitting the first information to a second node; 25. The apparatus of claim 24, further configured to receive the second information from the second node.

27. The process parameter information includes the following parameters: The apparatus of any one of claims 24 to 26, further comprising one or more of service priority information of a signal for triggering the clear channel assessment, a method of the clear channel assessment, channel access priority information, contention window information, detection period information, energy detection threshold, or detection result information.

28. 28. The apparatus according to any one of claims 24 to 27, wherein the clear channel assessment policy comprises detection parameter information for clear channel assessment corresponding to service priority information of at least one signal.

29. The clear channel assessment policy may include the following:

30. The apparatus of claim 28, further comprising one or more of: service priority information of the signal for triggering the clear channel assessment; a scheme of the clear channel assessment; channel access priority information; contention window information; detection period information; or an energy detection threshold.

30. 30. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the first information further comprises transmission quality information, the transmission quality information indicative of a quality of data transmitted by the first node on unlicensed spectrum resources.

31. The transmission quality information may include the following: indicating one or more of a channel occupancy time of signal transmission, signal quality information, a rate of successful signal transmission in a reference period, a rate of unsuccessful signal transmission in a reference period, a first threshold, or information on a reference period for evaluating signal transmission quality; The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the first threshold is a threshold for evaluating the signal transmission quality.

32. The clear channel assessment policy may include the following: Further comprising one or more of information on a reference period for evaluating signal transmission quality, a first threshold value, a maximum channel occupancy time corresponding to the clear channel assessment, or transmission quality prediction information; 32. The device according to any one of claims 24 to 31, wherein the first threshold value is a threshold value for evaluating the signal transmission quality.

33. 33. The apparatus of claim 24, further comprising: the transceiver unit is specifically configured to receive the first information periodically, and the at least one clear channel assessment is a clear channel assessment performed by the first node in one period.

34. 1. A communication device, comprising: a processing unit configured to determine first information, the first information indicative of process parameter information of at least one clear channel assessment of the first node; a transceiver unit configured to transmit the first information; Including, The transceiver unit is further configured to receive second information, the second information indicating a clear channel assessment policy of the first node, the clear channel assessment policy being obtained based on the first information, and the clear channel assessment policy including detection parameter information for the clear channel assessment.

35. The apparatus of claim 34 , wherein the processing unit is further configured to perform a clear channel assessment based on the clear channel assessment policy.

36. The process parameter information includes the following parameters: The apparatus of claim 34 or 35, further comprising one or more of service priority information of a signal for triggering the clear channel assessment, a scheme of the clear channel assessment, channel access priority information, contention window information, detection period information, energy detection threshold, or detection result information.

37. 37. The apparatus of any one of claims 34 to 36, wherein the clear channel assessment policy comprises detection parameter information for clear channel assessment corresponding to service priority information of at least one signal.

38. The clear channel assessment policy may include the following:

38. The apparatus of claim 37, further comprising one or more of: service priority information of the signal for triggering the clear channel assessment; a scheme of the clear channel assessment; channel access priority information; contention window information; detection period information; or an energy detection threshold.

39. 39. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the first information further comprises transmission quality information, the transmission quality information indicative of a quality of data transmitted by the first node on unlicensed spectrum resources.

40. The transmission quality information may include the following: indicating one or more of a channel occupancy time of signal transmission, signal quality information, a rate of successful signal transmission in a reference period, a rate of unsuccessful signal transmission in a reference period, a first threshold, or information on a reference period for evaluating signal transmission quality; 40. The apparatus of claim 39, wherein the first threshold is a threshold for assessing the signal transmission quality.

41. The clear channel assessment policy may include the following: Further comprising one or more of information on a reference period for evaluating signal transmission quality, a first threshold value, a maximum channel occupancy time corresponding to the clear channel assessment, or transmission quality prediction information; 41. The device according to any one of claims 34 to 40, wherein the first threshold value is a threshold value for assessing the signal transmission quality.

42. 42. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the transceiver unit is specifically configured to transmit the first information periodically, and wherein the at least one clear channel assessment is a clear channel assessment performed by the first node in one period.

43. 1. A communication device, comprising: a transceiver unit configured to receive first information, the first information indicative of process parameter information of at least one clear channel assessment of the first node; a processing unit configured to train an intelligent model based on the first information; An apparatus comprising:

44. The processing unit includes: Inputting the first information into the intelligent model to obtain a clear channel assessment policy output by the intelligent model; Obtaining updated model parameters for the intelligent model based on the clear channel assessment policy; 44. The apparatus of claim 43, specifically configured to: update parameters of the intelligent model based on the updated model parameters to obtain an updated intelligent model.

45. The processing unit includes: Obtaining model checking information based on the clear channel assessment policy by using a loss function; The apparatus of claim 44, specifically configured to: obtain the updated model parameters based on the model checking information if the model checking information does not satisfy a preset condition.

46. The apparatus according to any one of claims 43 to 45, wherein if the model checking information satisfies a preset condition, the current intelligent model is used as the trained intelligent model.

47. A communication device including a processor and a memory, A communications device, wherein the memory is coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or configured to perform a method according to any one of claims 20 to 23.

48. A communication device including a processor and a communication interface, A communication device, the processor performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 10 or any one of claims 20 to 23 through the communication interface.

49. A communication device including a processor and a memory, A communications device, wherein the memory is coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to perform a method according to any one of claims 11 to 19.

50. A communication device including a processor and a communication interface, A communications device, the processor configured to execute a method according to any one of claims 11 to 19 through the communications interface.

51. 1. A communication system comprising: A communication system comprising an apparatus according to any one of claims 20 to 22 and an apparatus according to any one of claims 23 to 25.

52. 24. A computer readable storage medium storing instructions which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

53. 1. A computer program product comprising instructions, A computer program product, the instructions, when executed on a computer, enabling the computer to carry out the method of any one of claims 1 to 23.

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