Performing measurements for non-terrestrial networks

Abstract

In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may receive a measurement configuration from a serving node in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps and transmit to the serving node an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE, where the one or more measurement gaps are selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] (CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS)

[0001] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 266,565, filed January 7, 2022, entitled "PERFORMING MEASUREMENTS FOR NON-TERRESTRIAL NETWORKS," and U.S. Nonprovisional Patent Application No. 18 / 069,014, filed December 20, 2022, entitled "PERFORMING MEASUREMENTS FOR NON-TERRESTRIAL NETWORKS," which are expressly incorporated by reference into this specification.

[0002] introduction Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless communications, and to techniques and apparatus for communications in non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). [Background technology]

[0003]

[0003] Wireless communication systems have been widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services, such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcast. Typical wireless communication systems may utilize multiple access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is a set of extensions to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0004] A wireless network may include one or more base stations that support communication for a single user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs. A UE may communicate with a base station via downlink and uplink communications. "Downlink" (or "DL") refers to the communication link from a base station to a UE, and "uplink" (or "UL") refers to the communication link from a UE to a base station.

[0005]

[0005] The above multiple access techniques have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that allows different UEs to communicate on a city, national, regional, and / or global scale. New Radio (NR), sometimes referred to as 5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by improving spectral efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, taking advantage of new spectrum, and using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with cyclic prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink and CP-OFDM and / or single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink, as well as better integration with other open standards supporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to grow, further improvements in LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication in a user equipment (UE) comprises a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to receive a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in a non-terrestrial network (NTN). The one or more processors may be configured to transmit to the serving node an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE, where the one or more measurement gaps are selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE.

[0007]

[0007] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication in a serving node includes a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to output a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node associated with a serving cell in a NTN. The one or more processors may be configured to obtain an indication of a set of measurement gaps selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and an amount of time for which the set of measurement gaps is valid.

[0008] In some implementations, a method of wireless communication performed by a UE includes receiving a measurement configuration from a serving node in a NTN, the measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps. The method includes transmitting to the serving node an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE, the one or more measurement gaps being selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE.

[0009] In some implementations, a method of wireless communication performed by a serving node includes outputting a measurement configuration from a serving node associated with a serving cell in a NTN, the measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps, the method including obtaining an indication of a set of measurement gaps selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and an amount of time for which the set of measurement gaps is valid.

[0010] In some implementations, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communications includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, cause the UE to receive a measurement configuration indicating multiple candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in a NTN. The one or more instructions, when executed by the one or more processors of the UE, cause the UE to send to the serving node an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE, where the one or more measurement gaps are selected from the multiple candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE.

[0011] In some implementations, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a serving node, cause the serving node to output a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from the serving node in the NTN. The one or more instructions, when executed by the one or more processors of the serving node, cause the serving node to obtain an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps is valid at the UE.

[0012] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication includes means for receiving a measurement configuration from a serving node in a NTN, the measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps. The apparatus includes means for transmitting to the serving node an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the apparatus, the one or more measurement gaps being selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE.

[0013] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication includes means for outputting, from a serving node in a NTN, a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps, the apparatus including means for obtaining an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps is valid at the UE.

[0014] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication in a UE includes a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors can be configured to determine a scaling factor for a UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with an NTN. The one or more processors can be configured to perform measurements during a scaled UE measurement period based at least in part on the scaling factor and the UE measurement period.

[0015] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication in a UE includes a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The processor may be configured to receive a configuration indicating a plurality of synchronization signal block (SSB) measurement timing configurations (SMTCs) of a measurement frequency from a serving node associated with an NTN. The one or more processors may be configured to perform a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among the plurality of measurement frequencies, the plurality of measurement frequencies based at least in part on the measurement frequency, and each measurement frequency of the plurality of measurement frequencies is associated with a different SMTC from the plurality of SMTCs of the measurement frequency.

[0016]

[0016] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication in a UE comprises a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to receive a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in a NTN. The one or more processors may be configured to select one or more measurement gaps from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit to the serving node an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE.

[0017]

[0017] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication in a serving node comprises a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node associated with a serving cell in a NTN to a UE. The one or more processors may be configured to receive from the UE an indication of a set of measurement gaps selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and an amount of time for which the set of measurement gaps is valid.

[0018] In some implementations, a method of wireless communication performed by a UE includes determining a scaling factor for a UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with an NTN. The method includes performing measurements during the scaled UE measurement period based at least in part on the scaling factor and the UE measurement period.

[0019] In some implementations, a method of wireless communications performed by a UE includes receiving a configuration from a serving node associated with an NTN indicating a plurality of SMTCs of measurement frequencies. The method includes performing a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among the plurality of measurement frequencies, the plurality of measurement frequencies based at least in part on the measurement frequencies, and each measurement frequency of the plurality of measurement frequencies is associated with a different SMTC from the plurality of SMTCs of the measurement frequencies.

[0020]

[0020] In some implementations, a method of wireless communication performed by a UE includes receiving a measurement configuration from a serving node in a NTN indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps. The method includes selecting one or more measurement gaps from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE. The method includes transmitting to the serving node an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE.

[0021] In some implementations, a method of wireless communication performed by a serving node includes transmitting, to a UE, a measurement configuration from a serving node associated with a serving cell in a NTN, the measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps, the method including receiving, from the UE, an indication of a set of measurement gaps selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and an amount of time for which the set of measurement gaps is valid.

[0022] In some implementations, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, cause the UE to determine a scaling factor for a UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with an NTN. The one or more instructions, when executed by the one or more processors of the UE, cause the UE to perform measurements during a scaled UE measurement period based at least in part on the scaling factor and the UE measurement period.

[0023] In some implementations, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communications includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, cause the UE to receive a configuration indicating multiple SMTCs of measurement frequencies from a serving node associated with an NTN. The one or more instructions, when executed by the one or more processors of the UE, cause the UE to perform a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among the multiple measurement frequencies, the multiple measurement frequencies based at least in part on the measurement frequencies, and each measurement frequency of the multiple measurement frequencies is associated with a different SMTC from the multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequencies.

[0024]

[0024] In some implementations, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, cause the UE to receive a measurement configuration indicating multiple candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in a NTN. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, cause the UE to select one or more measurement gaps from the multiple candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, cause the UE to transmit to the serving node an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE.

[0025] In some implementations, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a serving node, cause the serving node to transmit a measurement configuration indicating multiple candidate measurement gaps from the serving node to a UE in an NTN. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the serving node, cause the serving node to receive from the UE an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from the multiple candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps is valid at the UE.

[0026] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication includes means for determining a scaling factor for a device measurement period based at least in part on the device being associated with an NTN. The apparatus includes means for performing measurements during a scaled device measurement period based at least in part on the scaling factor and the device measurement period.

[0027] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication includes means for receiving a configuration indicating a plurality of SMTCs of measurement frequencies from a serving node associated with an NTN. The apparatus includes means for performing a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among the plurality of measurement frequencies, the plurality of measurement frequencies based at least in part on the measurement frequencies, and each measurement frequency of the plurality of measurement frequencies is associated with a different SMTC from the plurality of SMTCs of the measurement frequencies.

[0028] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication includes means for receiving a measurement configuration from a serving node in a NTN, the measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps. The apparatus includes means for selecting one or more measurement gaps from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the apparatus. The apparatus includes means for transmitting to the serving node an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the apparatus.

[0029] In some implementations, an apparatus for wireless communication includes means for transmitting a measurement configuration from a serving node in a NTN to a UE, the measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps. The apparatus includes means for receiving from the UE an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps is valid at the UE.

[0030]

[0030] Aspects generally include methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, wireless communication devices, and / or processing systems as fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings and this specification, and as illustrated by the drawings and this specification.

[0031]

[0031] The above has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of the examples according to the present disclosure in order to better understand the following "Description of the Preferred Embodiments". Additional features and advantages are described below. The concepts and specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent structures are within the scope of the appended claims. The properties of the concepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages, will be better understood in light of the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for illustration and explanation, and not as a definition of the limitations of the claims. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0032]

[0032] In order to be able to understand in detail the above-listed features of the present disclosure, a more detailed description of which has been briefly summarized above may be obtained by referring to the embodiments, some of which are shown in the attached drawings. However, it should be noted that the attached drawings show only some typical embodiments of the present disclosure, and therefore should not be considered as limiting its scope, since the present description may admit other equally effective embodiments. The same reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements. [Figure 1]

[0033] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless network in accordance with the present disclosure. [Diagram 2]

[0034] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a base station in communication with a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network in accordance with the present disclosure. [Diagram 3]

[0035] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a non-terrestrial network (NTN) according to the present disclosure. [Figure 4A]

[0036] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a cell deployment for a non-geostationary satellite in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 4B] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a cell deployment for a non-geostationary satellite in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 5A]

[0037] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a measurement configuration for an NTN in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 5B] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a measurement configuration for an NTN in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 6]

[0038] FIG. 1 illustrates an example associated with performing measurements for an NTN in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 7A]

[0039] FIG. 1 illustrates an example associated with performing measurements using a scaling factor in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 7B]

[0040] FIG. 1 illustrates an example associated with performing intra-frequency NR cell measurements using a scaling factor in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 8]

[0041] FIG. 1 illustrates an example associated with performing measurements for an NTN in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 9A]

[0042] FIG. 13 illustrates an example associated with multiple measurement frequencies according to the present disclosure. [Figure 9B] FIG. 13 illustrates an example associated with multiple measurement frequencies according to the present disclosure. [Figure 10]

[0043] FIG. 1 illustrates an example associated with selecting a set of measurement gaps in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 11A]

[0044] FIG. 1 illustrates an example associated with measurement gap selection and configuration in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 11B] FIG. 1 illustrates an example associated with measurement gap selection and configuration in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 12]

[0045] FIG. 1 illustrates an example associated with measurement gap selection and configuration in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 13]

[0046] FIG. 1 illustrates an example process associated with performing measurements for an NTN, in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 14] FIG. 1 illustrates an example process associated with performing measurements for an NTN, in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 15] FIG. 1 illustrates an example process associated with performing measurements for an NTN, in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 illustrates an example process associated with performing measurements for an NTN, in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 17]

[0047] FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 18]

[0048] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus using a processing system according to the present disclosure. [Figure 19]

[0049] FIG. 1 illustrates an example implementation of code and circuitry for an apparatus according to the present disclosure. [Figure 20]

[0050] FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 21]

[0051] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus using a processing system according to the present disclosure. [Figure 22]

[0052] FIG. 1 illustrates an example implementation of code and circuitry for an apparatus according to the present disclosure. [Diagram 23]

[0053] FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 24]

[0054] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus using a processing system according to the present disclosure. [Diagram 25]

[0055] FIG. 1 illustrates an example implementation of code and circuitry for an apparatus according to the present disclosure. [Figure 26]

[0056] FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication in accordance with the present disclosure. [Figure 27]

[0057] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus using a processing system according to the present disclosure. [Figure 28]

[0058] FIG. 1 illustrates an example implementation of code and circuitry for an apparatus according to the present disclosure. [Figure 29]

[0059] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a non-aggregated base station architecture in accordance with the present disclosure. [Diagram 30]

[0060] FIG. 1 illustrates an example process associated with performing measurements for an NTN, in accordance with the present disclosure. [Diagram 31] FIG. 1 illustrates an example process associated with performing measurements for an NTN, in accordance with the present disclosure. [Diagram 32] FIG. 1 illustrates an example process associated with performing measurements for an NTN, in accordance with the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0033]

[0061] In a non-terrestrial network (NTN), a UE may communicate with a serving node (e.g., a base station) via a satellite. The satellite may relay downlink communications from the serving node to the UE, and the satellite may relay uplink communications from the UE to the serving node.

[0034]

[0062] The UE may receive reference signals from the serving node and from neighboring nodes that may not initially communicate data with the UE. The UE may perform measurements of the reference signals, and the UE may send measurement reports to the serving node, where the measurement reports may indicate the measurements of the reference signals. In response to the measurement reports, the UE may establish connections to the neighboring nodes and terminate connections to the serving node.

[0035]

[0063] In one or more examples, in an NTN, a fixed measurement period / cycle may result in a situation where the measurement period / cycle is relatively long. When the UE measures reference signals from a serving node and / or a neighboring node, the satellite type or deployment (e.g., a quasi-earth fixed cell deployment or an earth mobile cell deployment) may change from the UE's perspective. One measurement period / cycle that is well suited for one type of deployment may not be well suited for another type of deployment. The UE may be configured with measurement parameters for one type of deployment, which, when applied after the type of deployment is switched to another type of deployment, may cause the UE to measure reference resources more frequently than necessary. The UE may waste resources measuring reference resources in this situation.

[0036]

[0064] In one or more examples, in an NTN, a UE may be configured with multiple synchronization signal block (SSB) measurement timing configurations (SMTCs) with different offsets on one measurement frequency. During measurement gaps, measurements should be performed on neighboring cell SSBs, and the network can provide timing of the neighboring cell SSBs using the SMTCs. The UE may identify and measure neighboring node SSBs during measurement gaps that may be configured with multiple SMTCs. The UE may not be configured to handle multiple SMTCs on one measurement frequency when allocating cell search resources.

[0037]

[0065] In one or more examples, in an NTN, a serving node may not be able to properly configure measurement gaps for individual UEs due to the relatively large size of NTN cells and unknown UE positions relative to the serving node. In one or more examples, a serving node may configure measurement gaps that do not accommodate the SMTC configured for the UE and / or have a relatively long duration or relatively short periodicity, which may reduce available downlink resources since an increased amount of resources are being used to perform measurements.

[0038]

[0066] In various aspects of the techniques and apparatus described herein, the UE may determine a scaling factor for a UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with an NTN. The scaling factor may adjust the duration of the UE measurement period. A "UE measurement period" may refer to a time period during which the UE may perform measurements of a reference signal. The UE may determine the scaling factor based at least in part on an altitude of a satellite associated with the NTN, an elevation angle of the satellite relative to the UE, and / or a radius of a beam footprint associated with a measurement cell. The measurement cell may be associated with a neighboring node at which the UE measures a reference signal. The UE may apply the scaling factor to the UE measurement period to obtain a scaled UE measurement period. The scaled UE measurement period may be a UE measurement period having a scaled duration (e.g., a longer duration or a shorter duration) compared to a duration of a UE measurement period associated with a terrestrial network. The UE may perform UE measurements during the scaled UE measurement period. As a result, depending on various factors (e.g., satellite altitude, satellite elevation angle, and / or beam footprint radius), the UE may determine a scaled UE measurement period that may optimize the use of resources in the UE for performing measurements. When using a scaled UE measurement period, the UE may not waste resources performing measurements more frequently than required for that type of deployment.

[0039]

[0067] In some aspects, the UE may receive a configuration from a serving node associated with the NTN indicating multiple SMTCs of a measurement frequency. A "measurement frequency" may refer to a frequency at which the UE receives a reference signal and performs measurements of the reference signal. In some aspects, the UE may divide the measurement frequency into multiple measurement frequencies, each measurement frequency associated with a different SMTC from the multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency. The measurement frequency may be treated as multiple independent measurement frequencies with respect to the measurement period / interval. The UE may perform a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among the multiple measurement frequencies. The cell search engine may be an entity responsible for performing the cell search function, and the UE may be configured with multiple cell search engines. The cell search function performed by the cell search engine may involve performing cell ID and / or SSB-ID detection and SSB-based reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements, as an example. The configuration received from the serving node may enable the UE to handle measurement frequencies configured in multiple SMTCs with different offset values ​​with respect to performing a cell search function using measurement frequencies configured in multiple SMTCs, which may enable the UE to avoid wasting resources when performing measurements during a UE measurement period or cycle when multiple SMTCs are present.

[0040]

[0068] In some aspects, the UE may receive a measurement configuration indicating multiple candidate measurement gaps from a serving node associated with a serving cell in the NTN. The UE may select a set of measurement gaps from the multiple candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving cell or the UE. For example, the UE may select a set of measurement gaps based at least in part on ephemeris information associated with the serving cell, time drift information associated with the serving cell, the UE location, SMTC parameters configured for the UE, an amount of SMTC that can be accommodated in the measurement gaps, candidate measurement gap parameters, a relative time offset between the serving cell and a neighboring cell, an amount of time the set of measurement gaps is valid, and / or a loss of downlink resources due to the measurement gaps. The UE may send an indication of the set of measurement gaps and the amount of time the set of measurement gaps is valid to the serving node. As a result, the UE may use a measurement gap that is relatively well suited for the UE, which may increase the amount of available downlink resources for the UE. The measurement gaps may be adjusted to the UE based at least in part on ephemeris information, time drift information, UE position, etc., which may allow the UE to avoid performing excessive measurements, thereby leaving more downlink resources available.

[0041]

[0069] In some aspects, the serving node may be configured in a distributed radio access network (D-RAN), an open radio access network (O-RAN), or a virtual radio access network (V-RAN). The serving node may incorporate a centralized unit (CU), one or more distributed units (DUs), and one or more radio units (RUs). The CU may be decomposed into a CU user plane (CU-UP) and a CU control plane (CU-CP), both of which may connect to the DU via an F1-U interface and an F1-C interface, respectively. The serving node may be deployed as a monolithic unit at a cell site, in which case the CU, DU, and RU may all be deployed at the cell site. Alternatively, the serving node may be geographically or virtually split between the CU, DU, and RU. In this case, the CU, DU, and RU may be located at different locations from each other.

[0042]

[0070] Aspects described herein may be applied to moving cell deployments, such as in an NTN, when cell mobility information for a UE may be made known to the UE. The NTN may utilize one or more satellites or drones. The NTN may be based at least in part on a balloon-based network or an unmanned aerial vehicle network.

[0043]

[0071] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout the present disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to encompass any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of the present disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects described herein. It should be noted that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to encompass such an apparatus or method that is practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or other than the various aspects of the present disclosure described herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.

[0044]

[0072] Several aspects of a telecommunications system are now presented with reference to various devices and techniques, which are described in the detailed description that follows and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0045]

[0073] Although aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with 5G or New Radio (NR) radio access technology (RAT), aspects of the disclosure may be applicable to other RATs, such as 3G RATs, 4G RATs, and / or post-5G (e.g., 6G) RATs.

[0046]

[0074] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless network 100 in accordance with the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 may be or include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, among other examples. The wireless network 100 may include one or more base stations 110 (shown as BS 110a, BS 110b, BS 110c, and BS 110d), user equipment (UE) 120 or multiple UEs 120 (shown as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e), and / or other network entities. The base stations 110 are entities that communicate with the UEs 120. The base stations 110 (which may be referred to as BSs) may include, for example, NR base stations, LTE base stations, Node Bs, eNBs (e.g., in 4G), gNBs (e.g., in 5G), access points, and / or transmit / receive points (TRPs). Each base station 110 can provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the term "cell" can refer to the coverage area of ​​a base station 110 and / or a base station subsystem serving that coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.

[0047]

[0075] A base station 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and / or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a few kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with a service subscription. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with a service subscription. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs 120 with an association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A base station 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro base station. A base station 110 for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico base station. A base station 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto base station or a home base station. 1, BS 110a may be a macro base station for a macro cell 102a, BS 110b may be a pico base station for a pico cell 102b, and BS 110c may be a femto base station for a femto cell 102c. A base station may support one or multiple (e.g., three) cells.

[0048]

[0076] In some aspects, the term "base station" (e.g., base station 110) or "network node" may refer to an aggregated base station, a non-aggregated base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, and / or one or more components thereof. For example, in some aspects, a "base station" or a "network node" may refer to a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a radio unit (RU), a near-real time (Near-RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real time (Non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one device configured to perform one or more functions, such as the functions described herein with respect to base station 110. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to multiple devices configured to perform one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, multiple different devices (which may be located at the same geographic location or different geographic locations) may each be configured to perform at least a portion of the functions or replicate implementation of at least a portion of the functions, and the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to any one or more of those different devices. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one or more virtual base stations and / or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions may be instantiated on a single device. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one of the base station functions and not another base station function. In this manner, a single device may include two or more base stations.

[0049]

[0077] In some embodiments, the cells may not necessarily be fixed, and the geographic area of ​​the cells may move according to the location of the base stations 110 that are mobile (e.g., mobile base stations). In some embodiments, the base stations 110 may be interconnected to each other and / or to one or more other base stations 110 or network nodes (not shown) within the wireless network 100 through various types of backhaul interfaces, such as direct physical connections or virtual networks, using any suitable transport network.

[0050]

[0078] The wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is an entity capable of receiving a data transmission from an upstream station (e.g., a base station 110 or a UE 120) and transmitting the data transmission to a downstream station (e.g., a UE 120 or a base station 110). A relay station may be a UE 120 that can relay a transmission for another UE 120. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a BS 110d (e.g., a relay base station) may communicate with a BS 110a (e.g., a macro base station) and a UE 120d to facilitate communication between the BS 110a (e.g., a macro base station) and the UE 120d. A base station 110 that relays communication may be referred to as a relay station, a relay base station, a repeater, etc.

[0051]

[0079] The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network including different types of base stations 110, such as macro base stations, pico base stations, femto base stations, relay base stations, etc. These different types of base stations 110 may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and / or different susceptibility to interference within the wireless network 100. For example, a macro base station may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5-40 Watts), while the pico, femto, and relay base stations may have a lower transmit power level (e.g., 0.1-2 Watts).

[0052]

[0080] A network controller 130 may be coupled to or in communication with a set of base stations 110 and may provide coordination and control for these base stations 110. The network controller 130 may communicate with the base stations 110 via backhaul communication links. The base stations 110 may communicate with each other directly or indirectly via wireless or wired backhaul communication links.

[0053]

[0081] The UEs 120 may be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 may be fixed or mobile. The UEs 120 may include, for example, an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, and / or a subscriber unit. The UEs 120 may be a cellular telephone (e.g., a smartphone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, a smart clothing, a smart glasses, a smart wristband, a smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or a smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, and / or a satellite radio), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, an industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, and / or any other suitable device configured to communicate over a wireless or wired medium.

[0054]

[0082] Some UEs 120 may be considered as machine-type communication (MTC) UEs or evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC UEs and / or eMTC UEs may include, for example, a robot, a drone, a remote device, a sensor, a meter, a monitor, and / or a location tag that may communicate with a base station, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Some UEs 120 may be considered as Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 may be considered as customer premises equipment. The UE 120 may be included within a housing that houses components of the UE 120, such as a processor component and / or a memory component. In some embodiments, the processor component and the memory component may be coupled to each other. For example, a processor component (e.g., one or more processors) and a memory component (e.g., memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.

[0055]

[0083] In general, any number of wireless networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network 100 may support a particular RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. The RAT may be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, etc. The frequencies may be referred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, etc. To avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs, each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area. In some cases, NR networks or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.

[0056]

[0084] In some embodiments, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly (e.g., without using base station 110 as an intermediary to communicate with each other) using one or more sidelink channels. For example, UEs 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communications, device-to-device (D2D) communications, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (which may include, e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols), and / or mesh networks. In such embodiments, UEs 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by base station 110.

[0057]

[0085] The electromagnetic spectrum is often divided by frequency / wavelength into various classes, bands, channels, etc. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands are identified with frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz-7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz-52.6 GHz). It should be understood that FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as the "sub-6 GHz" band in various documents and papers, although a portion of FR1 is higher than 6 GHz. A similar nomenclature issue may arise with respect to FR2, which is often referred to (interchangeably) as the "millimeter wave" band in documents and papers, even though it is different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz-300 GHz) identified as the "millimeter wave" band by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU).

[0058]

[0086] Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz). Frequency bands that fall within FR3 may inherit FR1 and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus, in effect, extend the features of FR1 and / or FR2 to the mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz to 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz to 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz to 300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0059]

[0087] With the above examples in mind, it should be understood that unless otherwise specified, terms such as "sub-6 GHz" as used herein may broadly refer to frequencies that may be below 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. Additionally, unless otherwise specified, it should be understood that terms such as "millimeter wave" as used herein may broadly refer to frequencies that may be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1, and / or FR5, which may include mid-band frequencies, or may be within the EHF band. It is contemplated that frequencies included within these operating bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) may be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0060]

[0088] In some aspects, a UE (e.g., UE 120) may include a communications manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, communications manager 140 may determine a scaling factor for a UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with an NTN, and perform measurements during the scaled UE measurement period based at least in part on the scaling factor and the UE measurement period. Additionally or alternatively, communications manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0061]

[0089] In some aspects, a UE (e.g., UE 120) may include a communications manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communications manager 140 may receive a configuration from a serving node associated with an NTN indicating multiple SMTCs of a measurement frequency and perform a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among the multiple measurement frequencies, the multiple measurement frequencies being based at least in part on the measurement frequencies, and each measurement frequency of the multiple measurement frequencies being associated with a different SMTC from the multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency. Additionally or alternatively, the communications manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0062]

[0090] In some aspects, a UE (e.g., UE 120) may include a communications manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communications manager 140 may receive a measurement configuration from a serving node in the NTN indicating multiple candidate measurement gaps and transmit to the serving node an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE, where the one or more measurement gaps are selected from the multiple candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE. Additionally or alternatively, the communications manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0063]

[0091] In some aspects, a serving node (e.g., base station 110) may include a communications manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, communications manager 150 may output a measurement configuration indicating multiple candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN, and obtain an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from the multiple candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps is valid at the UE. Additionally or alternatively, communications manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0064]

[0092] As noted above, Figure 1 is provided as an example. Other implementations may differ from those described with respect to Figure 1.

[0065]

[0093] 2 illustrates an example base station 200 in communication with a UE 120 in a wireless network 100 in accordance with the present disclosure. The base station 110 may be equipped with a set of antennas 234a through 234t, such as T antennas, where T≧1. The UE 120 may be equipped with a set of antennas 252a through 252r, such as R antennas, where R≧1.

[0066]

[0094] At the base station 110, a transmit processor 220 may receive data intended for a UE 120 (or set of UEs 120) from a data source 212. The transmit processor 220 may select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) for the UE 120 based at least in part on one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE 120. The base station 110 may process (e.g., encode and modulate) data for the UE 120 based at least in part on the MCS(es) selected for the UE 120 and provide data symbols for the UE 120. The transmit processor 220 may process system information (e.g., related to semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or higher layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. The transmit processor 220 may generate reference symbols for a reference signal (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS)) and a synchronization signal (e.g., a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). A transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on ​​the data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a set of corresponding modems 232 (e.g., T modems), shown as modems 232a through 232t.For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a modulator component (denoted as MOD) of modem 232. Each modem 232 may use a respective modulator component to process (e.g., for OFDM) a respective output symbol stream to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may further use a respective modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. Modems 232a through 232t may transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a corresponding set of antennas 234 (e.g., T antennas), denoted as antennas 234a through 234t.

[0067]

[0095] At the UE 120, a set of antennas 252 (depicted as antennas 252a through 252r) may receive downlink signals from the base station 110 and / or other base stations 110 and may provide a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to a set of modems 254 (e.g., R modems), depicted as modems 254a through 254r. For example, each received signal may be provided to a demodulator component (depicted as DEMOD) of the modems 254. Each modem 254 may use a respective demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and / or digitize) the received signal to obtain input samples. Each modem 254 may use a demodulator component to further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from the modems 254, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols, if applicable, and provide detected symbols. A receive (RX) processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for the UE 120 to a data sink 260, and provide decoded control and system information to a controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. A channel processor may determine RSRP parameters, received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameters, reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameters, and / or CQI parameters, among other examples. In some embodiments, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included within a housing 284.

[0068]

[0096] The network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292. The network controller 130 may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. The network controller 130 may communicate with the base stations 110 via the communication unit 294.

[0069]

[0097] One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a-t and / or antennas 252a-r) may include or be contained within one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna arrays, among other examples. An antenna panel, antenna group, set of antenna elements, and / or antenna array may include one or more antenna elements (in a single housing or multiple housings), a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more transmitting and / or receiving components, such as one or more components of FIG.

[0070]

[0098] On the uplink, in the UE 120, the transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from the data source 262 and control information from the controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI). The transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by the TX MIMO processor 266, if applicable, and may be further processed by the modem 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM) and transmitted to the base station 110. In some embodiments, the modem 254 of the UE 120 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some embodiments, the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of the antenna(s) 252, the modem(s) 254, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, the transmit processor 264, and / or the TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (eg, controller / processor 280) and memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

[0071]

[0099] At the base station 110, uplink signals from the UE 120 and / or other UEs may be received by the antenna 234, processed by the modem 232 (e.g., a demodulator component of the modem 232, denoted as DEMOD), detected by a MIMO detector 236, if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by the UE 120. The receive processor 238 may provide decoded data to a data sink 239 and decoded control information to a controller / processor 240. The base station 110 may include a communication unit 244 and may communicate with the network controller 130 via the communication unit 244. The base station 110 may include a scheduler 246 for scheduling one or more UEs 120 for downlink and / or uplink communications. In some embodiments, the modem 232 of the base station 110 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some embodiments, the base station 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna(s) 234, modem(s) 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, and / or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver, via a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242, may be used to perform any aspect of the methods described herein.

[0072]

[0100] The controller / processor 240 of the base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or any other component(s) of FIG. 2 may perform one or more techniques associated with performing measurements for NTN, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. In some aspects, a serving node as described herein is the base station 110, is included within the base station 110, or includes one or more components of the base station 110 shown in FIG. 2. For example, the controller / processor 240 of the base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or any other component(s) of FIG. 2 may perform or direct operations of, for example, process 1300 of FIG. 13, process 1400 of FIG. 14, process 1500 of FIG. 15, process 1600 of FIG. 16, and / or other processes as described herein. The memory 242 and the memory 282 may store data and program codes for the base station 110 and the UE 120, respectively. In some embodiments, memory 242 and / or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wireless communications. For example, the one or more instructions, when executed (e.g., immediately or after being compiled, translated, and / or interpreted) by one or more processors of base station 110 and / or UE 120, may cause the one or more processors, UE 120, and / or base station 110 to perform or direct operations of, for example, process 1300 of FIG. 13, process 1400 of FIG. 14, process 1500 of FIG. 15, process 1600 of FIG. 16, and / or other processes as described herein. In some embodiments, executing the instructions may include executing the instructions, translating the instructions, compiling the instructions, and / or interpreting the instructions, among other examples.

[0073]

[0101] In some aspects, a UE (e.g., UE 120) includes means for determining a scaling factor for the UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with an NTN, and / or means for performing measurements during a scaled UE measurement period based at least in part on the scaling factor and the UE measurement period. Means for causing a UE to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communications manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.

[0074]

[0102] In some aspects, a UE (e.g., UE 120) includes means for receiving a configuration indicating multiple SMTCs of a measurement frequency from a serving node associated with an NTN and / or means for performing a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among the multiple measurement frequencies, the multiple measurement frequencies being based at least in part on the measurement frequencies, and each measurement frequency of the multiple measurement frequencies being associated with a different SMTC from the multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency. Means for causing a UE to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communications manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.

[0075]

[0103] In some aspects, a UE (e.g., UE 120) includes means for receiving a measurement configuration from a serving node in the NTN indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps, and / or means for transmitting to the serving node an indication of one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps is valid at the UE, where the one or more measurement gaps are selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE. Means for causing the UE to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the communications manager 140, the antenna 252, the modem 254, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, the transmit processor 264, the TX MIMO processor 266, the controller / processor 280, or the memory 282.

[0076]

[0104] In some aspects, a serving node (e.g., base station 110) includes means for outputting a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from the serving node in the NTN, and / or means for obtaining an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps is valid at the UE. In some aspects, the means for causing the serving node to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the communications manager 150, the transmit processor 220, the TX MIMO processor 230, the modem 232, the antennas 234, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, the controller / processor 240, the memory 242, or the scheduler 246.

[0077]

[0105] 2 are shown as separate components, the functionality described above with respect to the blocks may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combination component, or in various combinations of components. For example, functionality described with respect to transmit processor 264, receive processor 258, and / or TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of controller / processor 280.

[0078]

[0106] As noted above, Figure 2 is provided as an example. Other implementations may differ from those described with respect to Figure 2.

[0079]

[0107] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example non-terrestrial network (NTN) 300 in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0080]

[0108] As shown in Figure 3, a UE may communicate with a serving gNB via a serving satellite in the NTN. The UE may send an uplink transmission to the serving satellite. The serving satellite may relay the uplink transmission to the serving gNB via a serving gateway. The serving gNB may send a downlink transmission to the serving satellite via a serving gateway. The serving satellite may relay the downlink transmission to the UE. The link between the UE and the serving satellite may be a service link, and the link between the serving satellite and the serving gateway may be a feeder link.

[0081]

[0109] As noted above, Figure 3 is provided as an example, other implementations may differ from those described with respect to Figure 3.

[0082]

[0110] 4a and 4b are diagrams illustrating example cell deployments 400, 410 for non-geostationary satellites in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0083]

[0111] A UE configured to operate with the NTN may be equipped with a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). The NTN may configure measurements and mobility-related parameters for the UE based at least in part on an assumption that the UE is located at the center of a beam footprint (e.g., the center of a cell).

[0084]

[0112] As shown in FIG. 4A, the NTN may employ a quasi-Earth-fixed cell deployment for the non-geostationary satellite. For a quasi-Earth-fixed cell deployment, the beam footprint (or cell) may be Earth-fixed, in which case the beam pointing mechanism may compensate for the mobility of the non-geostationary satellite. In other words, even if the satellite may move over time, the beam footprint may remain fixed to the Earth based at least in part on the beam pointing mechanism. The beam footprint, which may be associated with a cell, may not move as the non-geostationary satellite moves over the Earth. The beam pointing mechanism may be associated with mechanical or electronic steering features that may enable the non-geostationary satellite to steer the beam footprint as the non-geostationary satellite moves over the Earth.

[0085]

[0113] As shown in Figure 4B, the NTN may employ a moving Earth cell deployment for non-geostationary satellites. In the case of a moving Earth cell deployment, the beam footprint may be moving on the Earth with the non-geostationary satellite motion. The beam footprint may be moving on the Earth with the non-geostationary satellite motion.

[0086]

[0114] The relative satellite velocity from the perspective of the UE may be based at least in part on the altitude of the satellite and the elevation angle between the UE and the satellite. The satellite may be a geostationary satellite, or the satellite may be a non-geostationary satellite, such as a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite or a medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellite. The geostationary satellite may have a higher altitude than the altitude of the non-geostationary satellite, and therefore the relative satellite velocity of the geostationary satellite may be less than the relative satellite velocity of the non-geostationary satellite. As an example, a non-geostationary satellite, such as a LEO satellite, may have an altitude of 600 kilometers (km), while a geostationary satellite may have an altitude of 36,000 km.

[0087]

[0115] As noted above, Figures 4A and 4B are provided as examples, and other implementations may differ from those described with respect to Figures 4A and 4B.

[0088]

[0116] 5A and 5B are diagrams illustrating example measurement configurations 500, 510 for NTNs in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0089]

[0117] As indicated by reference numeral 502, the UE may receive a measurement configuration from a serving cell. The serving cell may be associated with a serving satellite of the NTN. The measurement configuration may indicate a target cell frequency, a target cell (e.g., a physical cell identifier), and a target reference signal, such as a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), for a particular measurement object. The measurement configuration may indicate a reporting configuration and a measurement gap. As indicated by reference numeral 504, the UE may determine measurements on configured measurement resources on a particular time / frequency location for the serving cell. As indicated by reference numeral 506, the UE may determine measurements on configured measurement resources on a particular time / frequency location for a neighboring cell associated with the serving satellite. As indicated by reference numeral 508, the UE may determine measurements on configured measurement resources on a particular time / frequency location for a neighboring cell associated with a neighboring satellite. As indicated by reference numeral 510, the UE may determine measurements on configured measurement resources on a particular time / frequency location for another neighboring cell associated with a neighboring satellite. As indicated by reference numeral 512, the UE may send a measurement report to the serving cell indicating measurements on the configured measurement resources.

[0090]

[0118] Depending on the configured measurement parameters and timing relationship from the UE perspective between the measurement resources across cells and the measurement frequency layers, the measurements of a particular cell may be associated with a measurement gap(s). The cell search engine (or UE processor) may be shared for measurements on different frequency layers than the serving cell. Furthermore, the measurement cycle / period for each carrier may be adjusted appropriately.

[0091]

[0119] As shown in Figure 5B, a serving satellite may be associated with a serving cell and a neighboring cell. A UE may be located in the serving cell or the neighboring cell associated with the serving satellite. A neighboring satellite may be associated with one or more neighboring cells.

[0092]

[0120] As noted above, Figures 5A and 5B are provided as examples, and other implementations may differ from those described with respect to Figures 5A and 5B.

[0093]

[0121] In NTN, depending on the satellite type or deployment, a constant measurement period (or fixed measurement period) in a given set of parameters defined for terrestrial network deployment may be inappropriate when used for NTN. The set of parameters may include discontinuous reception (DRX) cycles, SMTC periods, and other legacy scaling factors defined for terrestrial network deployment. The UE measurement period / cycle may be relatively long compared to cell deployment changes. For example, the cell deployment perceived by the UE may change while the UE measures reference signals from the serving cell or neighboring cells / satellites. As a result, the UE may be configured with measurement parameters that effectively force the UE to measure reference resources more frequently than necessary, which may waste resources at the UE.

[0094]

[0122] 6 is a diagram illustrating an example 600 associated with performing measurements for an NTN in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6, the example 600 includes communication between a UE (e.g., UE 120) and a serving node (e.g., base station 110) via a satellite (e.g., serving satellite 112) or drone 114. In some aspects, the UE and the serving node may be included within a wireless network, such as wireless network 100.

[0095]

[0123] As indicated by reference numeral 602, the UE may determine a scaling factor for the UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with an NTN. In some aspects, the UE may determine the scaling factor based at least in part on the altitude of a satellite associated with the NTN, an elevation angle of the satellite relative to the UE, and / or a radius of a beam footprint associated with the measurement cell. The scaling factor may adjust a length of the UE measurement period, thereby resulting in an adaptive UE measurement period.

[0096]

[0124] As indicated by reference numeral 604, the UE may receive an indication of a scaling factor for the UE measurement period from a serving node associated with the NTN. The value of the scaling factor may be signaled by the NTN. The UE may receive the indication via a UE-specific signal, a UE group-specific signal, or a satellite-specific signal. The UE may determine a scaling factor for the UE measurement period based at least in part on the indication received from the serving node. The UE group-specific signal may be a group-specific signal (of UEs), and the group may be determined at least in part based on a distance from a reference point that may be used as a virtual UE position when the NTN configures measurement or handover related parameters.

[0097]

[0125] As indicated by reference numeral 606, the UE may apply the scaling factor to the UE measurement period to obtain a scaled UE measurement period. The UE may scale down or shorten the UE measurement period based at least in part on the scaling factor to obtain the scaled UE measurement period. The scaled UE measurement period may be shorter than the UE measurement period. The UE may adaptively scale the UE measurement period (cycle / interval) according to the scaling factor.

[0098]

[0126] In some aspects, the UE may determine to apply a scaling factor to the UE measurement period based at least in part on a satellite type of the measurement cell. The satellite type of the measurement cell may be a non-geostationary satellite with a terrestrial mobile cell deployment, in which case the UE may determine to apply a scaling factor to the UE measurement period. In some aspects, the UE may determine that a scaling factor should not be applied to the UE measurement period based at least in part on the measurement cell being associated with a terrestrial network, the satellite type of the measurement cell being a geostationary satellite, or the satellite type of the measurement cell being a non-geostationary satellite with a quasi-earth fixed cell deployment.

[0099]

[0127] In some aspects, the UE may determine whether to apply a scaling factor based at least in part on a satellite type of the measurement cell, such as a terrestrial network or geostationary satellite versus a non-geostationary satellite. The non-geostationary satellite type may be associated with a quasi-Earth fixed cell deployment or a geostationary mobile cell deployment. In some aspects, the UE may activate a scaling factor for a measurement cell associated with a non-geostationary satellite type having a geostationary mobile cell deployment. The UE may deactivate a scaling factor for a measurement cell associated with a terrestrial network, a geostationary satellite, or a non-geostationary satellite having a quasi-Earth fixed cell deployment. When a scaling factor is activated, the value of the scaling factor may be a function of the altitude of the satellite associated with the NTN, the elevation angle of the satellite relative to the UE, and / or the radius of the beam footprint associated with the measurement cell.

[0100]

[0128] In some aspects, a scaling factor may be applied to the DRX cycle length. The DRX cycle length may include an on duration and an off duration. The scaling factor may be different for different DRX cycle lengths. The value of the scaling factor may be greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1. For example, the scaling factor may be equal to 1 if the measurement cell belongs to a terrestrial network, a geostationary satellite, or a non-geostationary satellite with a quasi-earth fixed cell deployment. In other situations, the scaling factor may be less than 1, thereby shortening the UE measurement period.

[0101]

[0129] As indicated by reference numeral 608, the UE may perform measurements during a scaled UE measurement period. The measurements may be associated with an intra-frequency NR cell, an inter-frequency NR cell, a radio link monitoring (RLM) evaluation period, a beam failure detection evaluation period, a candidate beam detection evaluation period, a primary synchronization signal (PSS) detection period, or a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) detection period. In other words, the UE may apply a scaling factor when performing measurements on an intra-frequency NR cell or an inter-frequency NR cell. The UE may apply a scaling factor when performing measurements during an RLM evaluation period, a beam failure detection evaluation period, a candidate beam detection evaluation period, a PSS detection period, and / or an SSS detection period.

[0102]

[0130] As noted above, Figure 6 is provided as an example, other implementations may differ from those described with respect to Figure 6.

[0103]

[0131] FIG. 7A is a diagram illustrating an example 700 associated with performing measurements using a scaling factor in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0104]

[0132] As shown in FIG. 7A, a scaling factor (denoted as G) may be applied during a UE measurement period during which the UE performs measurements. The scaling factor may be applied to a particular DRX cycle length (e.g., X01, X02, or X03). The scaling factor may be applied to a value corresponding to a particular DRX cycle length (e.g., Y01, Y02, or Y03). The scaling factor may adjust (e.g., decrease) a time period associated with the UE measurement period. When the scaling factor is enabled and set to less than 1, the UE may perform measurements more frequently compared to when the scaling factor is not enabled. By applying different scaling factors, the network may control the UE measurement frequency depending on the mobility of the target measurement cell, e.g., the UE may measure LEO cells more frequently compared to GEO cells and terrestrial network cells.

[0105]

[0133] As noted above, Figure 7A is provided as an example, other implementations may differ from that described with respect to Figure 7A.

[0106]

[0134] FIG. 7B is a diagram illustrating an example 710 associated with performing intra-frequency NR cell measurements using scaling factors in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0107]

[0135] As shown in FIG. 7B, during a UE measurement period when the UE is performing intra-frequency NR cell measurements, a scaling factor (denoted as G) may be applied. The scaling factor G may be different from the scaling factor N1. The scaling factor may be applied to a particular DRX cycle length. The scaling factor may be applied to a detection period (T detect,NR_Intra ) The scaling factor may be applied to the UE measurement period associated with the amount of DRX cycles (T measure,NR_Intra ) The scaling factor may be applied to the UE measurement period associated with the evaluation period (T evaluate,NR_Intra) may be applied to the UE measurement period associated with the DRX cycle length N1. Further, N1 may be equal to 8 for multiple DRX cycle lengths, and M2 (number) may be equal to 1.5 if the SMTC period of the measured intra-frequency cell is greater than 20 ms, otherwise M2 may be equal to 1.

[0108]

[0136] As noted above, Figure 7B is provided as an example, other implementations may differ from that described with respect to Figure 7B.

[0109]

[0137] In a conventional terrestrial network deployment, the UE measurement period / cycle may be determined based at least in part on the amount of measurement frequencies, the SMTC period on each measurement frequency, and / or the measurement gap configuration. However, in an NTN, a UE may be configured with multiple SMTCs with different offsets at a measurement frequency, which may introduce ambiguity when defining measurement requirements in terms of measurement period / cycle / delay. A UE configured with multiple SMTCs may also affect the UE allocation of limited resources, such as a cell search engine that may be used by the UE to measure reference signals on multiple measurement frequencies.

[0110]

[0138] 8 is a diagram illustrating an example 800 associated with performing measurements for an NTN in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 8, the example 800 includes communication between a UE (e.g., UE 120) and a serving node (e.g., base station 110) via a satellite (e.g., serving satellite 112). In some aspects, the UE and the serving node may be included within a wireless network, such as wireless network 100.

[0111]

[0139] As indicated by reference numeral 802, the UE may receive a configuration from a serving node associated with an NTN indicating multiple SMTCs of a measurement frequency, each of which may be associated with a different SMTC offset value.

[0112]

[0140] As indicated by reference numeral 804, the UE may divide the measurement frequency into multiple measurement frequencies, each associated with a different SMTC from the multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency. The UE may divide the measurement frequency into multiple virtual measurement frequencies, such that the UE may support virtual measurement frequencies (or carriers) for a measurement frequency (or carrier) with multiple SMTCs.

[0113]

[0141] The multiple measurement frequencies may be independent of each other with respect to a measurement period or interval and with respect to a carrier-specific scaling factor (CSSF). The multiple measurement frequencies may be related among the multiple frequencies.

[0114]

[0142] In some aspects, when a measurement frequency is configured with multiple SMTCs with different offset values, the measurement frequency may be treated as multiple independent measurement frequencies with respect to the measurement period / interval and the CSSF, which may represent the amount of measurement carriers sharing one cell search engine.

[0115]

[0143] As indicated by reference numeral 806, the UE may perform a cell search function using a second cell search engine shared among the multiple measurement frequencies. The UE may perform a cell search function using a first cell search engine that is dedicated to a primary cell (PCell) frequency or carrier. In some aspects, the second cell search engine is shared evenly among the multiple measurement frequencies. In some aspects, the second cell search engine may be shared unequally among the multiple measurement frequencies, and a sharing factor among the multiple measurement frequencies may be based at least in part on the measurement frequencies associated with one or more satellites different from the serving satellite.

[0116]

[0144] In some aspects, the UE may be equipped with a first cell search engine and a second cell search engine, where the first cell search engine may be dedicated to a PCell frequency / carrier and the second cell search engine may be shared by the remaining measurement carriers. The first and second cell search engines may be processors used to detect cells and / or synchronization signal block identifiers (SSB-IDs), obtain time / frequency offset / synchronization information based at least in part on the SSB-IDs, and / or measure SSB-RSRP. In some aspects, the second cell search engine may be shared equally or unevenly by the remaining measurement carriers. When the second cell search engine is shared unevenly, a sharing factor may be determined such that measurement carriers belonging to a satellite different from that of the serving cell may be measured more frequently than measurement carriers belonging to the same satellite as the serving cell, or vice versa.

[0117]

[0145] As noted above, Figure 8 is provided as an example. Other implementations may differ from those described with respect to Figure 8.

[0118]

[0146] In some aspects, a carrier specific scaling factor (CSSF outside_gap,i The scaling factor (CSSF) may be for intra-frequency SSB-based measurements, inter-frequency SSB-based measurements performed outside measurement gaps, or intra-frequency CSI-RS Layer 3 (L3) measurements and RSSI / channel occupancy measurements without measurement gaps. In case of FR1-only carrier aggregation, the CSSF for inter-frequency measurements without measurement gaps outside_gap,i is N SCC_SSB +Y+2xN SCC_CSIRS can be equal to N SCC_SSB indicates the number of configured secondary cell(s) (SCell(s) for which only SSB-based L3 measurements are configured), and N SCC_CSIRSwhere Y denotes the number of configured SCell(s) for which both SSB and CSI-RS based L3 measurements are configured or only CSI-RS based L3 measurements are configured. Furthermore, Y denotes the number of configured inter-frequency measurement objects without measurement gaps that are being measured outside the measurement gap for carrier-capable UEs, and is equal to 0 otherwise. In case of inter-frequency configured with multiple SMTCs with different SMTC offset values, the inter-frequency may be considered as multiple independent inter-frequency configured with different SMTCs.

[0119]

[0147] 9A and 9B are diagrams illustrating examples 900, 910 associated with multiple measurement frequencies according to the present disclosure.

[0120]

[0148] As shown by FIG. 9A, the first cell search may be dedicated to the PCell frequency / carrier. The remaining measurement carriers may include a first inter-frequency and a second inter-frequency. The first inter-frequency may be associated with a first SMTC (e.g., SMTC on-duration #1-1) and a second SMTC (e.g., SMTC on-duration #1-2). The second inter-frequency may be associated with a third SMTC (e.g., SMTC on-duration #2-1) and a fourth SMTC (e.g., SMTC on-duration #2-2).

[0121]

[0149] As shown by FIG. 9B, the first inter-frequency may be divided into two virtual measurement frequencies (e.g., Inter-freq#1-1 and Inter-freq#1-2), and the second inter-frequency may be divided into two virtual measurement frequencies (e.g., Inter-freq#2-1 and Inter-freq#2-2). The second cell search may be shared by the virtual measurement frequencies. The second cell search may be shared by four separate virtual measurement frequencies. In other words, the first inter-frequency and the second inter-frequency may be treated as multiple independent virtual measurement frequencies in terms of measurement period / interval and CSSF, and the multiple independent virtual measurement frequencies may be shared by the same cell search engine.

[0122]

[0150] As noted above, Figures 9A and 9B are provided as examples, and other implementations may differ from those described with respect to Figures 9A and 9B.

[0123]

[0151] NTN cells may have larger cell sizes than terrestrial network cells, which may result in the NTN being unable to properly configure measurement gaps for individual UEs in the NTN cells, since each UE location may not be known to the NTN. The NTN may configure measurement gaps and measurement-related parameters assuming that the UE is located at a specific location, such as a reference location (e.g., cell center). The configured set of measurement gaps may not accommodate the SMTC configured for the UE. The UE may be configured with measurement gaps having a relatively long duration (measurement gap length) and a relatively short periodicity (measurement gap repetition period), which may result in a loss of available downlink resources for physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and / or physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduling / monitoring.

[0124]

[0152] 10 is a diagram illustrating an example 1000 associated with selecting a set of measurement gaps in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 10, the example 1000 includes communication between a UE (e.g., UE 120) and a serving node (e.g., base station 110) via a satellite (e.g., serving satellite 112). In some aspects, the UE and the serving node may be included within a wireless network, such as wireless network 100.

[0125]

[0153] As indicated by reference numeral 1002, a UE may receive a measurement configuration indicating multiple candidate measurement gaps from a serving node associated with a serving cell in the NTN. The candidate measurement gaps may be measurement gaps available for the UE to use to perform measurements.

[0126]

[0154] As indicated by reference numeral 1004, the UE may select a set of measurement gaps from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving cell or the UE. The UE may select a set of measurement gaps based at least in part on ephemeris information associated with the serving cell, time drift information associated with the serving cell, the UE location, SMTC parameters configured for the UE, an amount of SMTC that can be accommodated in the measurement gaps, the candidate measurement gap parameters, a relative time offset between the serving cell and the neighboring cell, an amount of time the set of measurement gaps is valid, and / or a loss of downlink resources due to the measurement gaps. The relative time offset may be based at least in part on additional target or neighboring cell information including ephemeris information associated with the target cell and the neighboring cell, a time drift rate of a satellite associated with the target cell and a time drift rate of a satellite associated with the neighboring cell, and / or a reference position. The reference position may be associated with a center position of the serving cell or a position used by the serving node when the serving node configures the SMTC parameters and the candidate measurement gap parameters.

[0127]

[0155] As indicated by reference numeral 1006, the UE may send to the serving node an indication of a set of measurement gaps and an amount of time for which the set of measurement gaps is valid. The set of measurement gaps may be applicable to neighbor cell measurements or target cell measurements from a satellite other than a satellite associated with the serving cell (e.g., the serving satellite). In some aspects, the UE may receive from the serving node a reconfiguration or activation of one or more measurement gaps based at least in part on the set of measurement gaps reported to the serving node. In some aspects, the UE may receive from the serving node a request for an updated set of measurement gaps within the amount of time for which the set of measurement gaps is valid, and the UE may send an indication of the updated set of measurement gaps based at least in part on the request.

[0128]

[0156] In some aspects, different UEs may experience different propagation delays from the same set of satellites due to different UE locations. To address the uncertainty due to unknown UE position relative to the NTN, the UE and NTN may exchange information to identify and configure the best suitable measurement gap for the UE without reporting UE location information.

[0129]

[0157] In some aspects, the UE may be configured with multiple candidate measurement gaps from the serving node. The UE may select a preferred set of measurement gaps from among the multiple candidate measurement gaps, and the UE may send a report of the preferred set of measurement gaps to the serving node. The serving node may reconfigure and / or activate the measurement gaps based at least in part on the report. The UE may further indicate timer / time information, which may indicate a time period during which the preferred set of measurement gaps indicated in the report are expected to be in use from the UE's perspective. When the UE indicates the timer / time information, the serving node may request another selection / update of the preferred set of measurement gaps within the reported time period starting from the slot in which the information is received.

[0130]

[0158] In some aspects, the UE may select a preferred set of measurement gaps based at least in part on ephemeris information associated with the serving node, time drift information associated with the serving node (e.g., common timing advance or feeder link propagation delay), the UE location, SMTC parameters, candidate measurement gap parameters, and / or a relative time offset between the serving cell and neighboring cells. The relative time offset may be derived at least in part based on additional target / neighboring cell information, such as ephemeris, time drift rate, and / or a reference location (e.g., a cell center location, and / or a location used / assumed when the NTN configures the SMTC and measurement gap parameters). In some aspects, when the UE selects a preferred set of measurement gaps, the criteria used by the UE may involve the amount of SMTC that may be adapted during the measurement gap, the length of time that the preferred set of measurement gaps is valid (e.g., validity time), and / or the loss of downlink resources due to the measurement gaps. The preferred set of measurement gaps may be applicable only to neighbor / target cell measurements from satellites different from the serving satellite.

[0131]

[0159] As noted above, Figure 10 is provided as an example. Other implementations may differ from those described with respect to Figure 10.

[0132]

[0160] 11a and 11b are diagrams illustrating examples 1100, 1110 associated with measurement gap selection and configuration according to the present disclosure.

[0133]

[0161] As shown by FIG. 11A, a UE may receive communication from a serving gNB via a serving gateway and a serving satellite. The link between the UE and the serving satellite may be a serving cell service link. The link between the serving satellite and the serving gateway may be a serving cell feeder link. The serving satellite may be associated with multiple reference points for SMTC and / or measurement gap configuration. A neighboring satellite may be associated with a neighboring gNB and a neighboring gateway.

[0134]

[0162] As shown in FIG. 11B, a time / frequency domain diagram of the SMTC and measurement gap configuration may be defined from the perspective of the UE. A cell from a serving satellite may be associated with a serving cell, a first frequency, and a second frequency, each of which may be associated with an SMTC offset. A cell from an adjacent satellite may be associated with a third frequency and a fourth frequency, each of which may be associated with an SMTC offset. The SMTC offset may be associated with the configured SMTC for each measurement frequency. A measurement gap length and a measurement gap repetition period may be defined to perform measurements for each of the frequencies associated with the cell from the serving satellite and the cell from the adjacent satellite.

[0135]

[0163] As noted above, Figures 11A and 11B are provided as examples, and other embodiments may differ from those described with respect to Figures 11A and 11B.

[0136]

[0164] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example 1200 associated with measurement gap selection and configuration in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0137]

[0165] As indicated by reference numeral 1202, the serving node may send a measurement configuration and a request for measurement gap selection to the UE. The measurement configuration may indicate configured SMTCs and configured candidate measurement gaps in measurement objects (MOs). As indicated by reference numeral 1204, in measurement gap selection and reporting, the UE may select a preferred (to be used) measurement gap from among the configured candidate measurement gaps based at least in part on the UE location, the configured SMTC, and timing / ephemeris information of the measurement cells / satellites. The UE may report the preferred measurement gap to the serving node. The UE may further report to the serving node how long the selected measurement gap is expected to be in use (T_valid). As indicated by reference numeral 1206, the serving node may request the UE to update the preferred measurement configuration, such as a measurement gap, after T_valid expires. As indicated by reference numeral 1208, the serving node may send a selected measurement object enable command to the UE. The serving node may send a measurement configuration update (e.g., updated configured SMTCs) to the UE, as indicated by reference numeral 1210. The UE may perform measurement gap selection and reporting based at least in part on the measurement configuration update, as indicated by reference numeral 1212. The serving node may send another selected measurement target enable command to the UE, as indicated by reference numeral 1214.

[0138]

[0166] As noted above, Figure 12 is provided as an example. Other implementations may differ from those described with respect to Figure 12.

[0139]

[0167] 13 illustrates an example process 1300 performed, for example, by a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. The example process 1300 is an example of a UE (e.g., UE 120) performing operations associated with performing measurements of the NTN.

[0140]

[0168] 13, in some aspects, process 1300 may include determining a scaling factor for the UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with the NTN (block 1310). For example, the UE (e.g., using the communications manager 140 and / or the determining component 1708 shown in FIG. 17) may determine a scaling factor for the UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with the NTN, as described above.

[0141]

[0169] 13, in some aspects, the process 1300 may include applying a scaling factor to the UE measurement period to obtain a scaled UE measurement period (block 1320). For example, the UE (e.g., using the communications manager 140 and / or the application component 1710 shown in FIG. 17) may apply a scaling factor to the UE measurement period to obtain a scaled UE measurement period, as described above.

[0142]

[0170] 13, in some aspects, the process 1300 may include performing UE measurements during a scaled UE measurement period (block 1330). For example, the UE (e.g., using the communications manager 140 and / or the performance component 1712 shown in FIG. 17) may perform UE measurements during the scaled UE measurement period, as described above.

[0143]

[0171] Process 1300 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or with respect to one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0144]

[0172] In a first aspect, the process 1300 includes determining a scaling factor based at least in part on one or more of an altitude of a satellite associated with the NTN, an elevation angle of the satellite relative to the UE, or a radius of a beam footprint associated with the measurement cell.

[0145]

[0173] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the process 1300 includes receiving an indication of a scaling factor for the UE measurement period from a serving node associated with the NTN.

[0146]

[0174] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the process 1300 includes receiving an indication via a UE-specific signal, a UE group-specific signal, or a satellite-specific signal.

[0147]

[0175] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the process 1300 includes determining to apply a scaling factor to the UE measurement period based at least in part on a satellite type of a measurement cell, the measurement cell being associated with a serving node for the UE, and the serving node being associated with the satellite type.

[0148]

[0176] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the satellite type of the measurement cell is a non-geostationary satellite with an Earth moving cell deployment.

[0149]

[0177] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the process 1300 includes determining whether to apply a scaling factor to the UE measurement period based at least in part on one or more of: the measurement cell is associated with a terrestrial network; the satellite type of the measurement cell is a geostationary satellite; or the satellite type of the measurement cell is a non-geostationary satellite with a quasi-earth fixed cell deployment.

[0150]

[0178] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the measurement is associated with one or more of an intra-frequency NR cell, an inter-frequency NR cell, a radio link monitoring evaluation period, a beam failure detection evaluation period, a candidate beam detection evaluation period, a primary synchronization signal detection period, or a secondary synchronization signal detection period.

[0151]

[0179] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, a scaling factor is applied to the discontinuous reception cycle length.

[0152]

[0180] 13 illustrates example blocks of process 1300, in some aspects process 1300 may include additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged blocks compared to the blocks illustrated in FIG 13. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1300 may be performed in parallel.

[0153]

[0181] 14 illustrates an example process 1400 performed, for example, by a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. The example process 1400 is an example of a UE (e.g., UE 120) performing operations associated with performing measurements of the NTN.

[0154]

[0182] 14, in some aspects, process 1400 may include receiving a configuration indicating multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency from a serving node associated with the NTN (block 1410). For example, the UE may receive (e.g., using the communications manager 140 and / or the receiving component 2002 shown in FIG. 20) a configuration indicating multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency from a serving node associated with the NTN, as described above.

[0155]

[0183] 14, in some aspects, the process 1400 can include splitting the measurement frequency into multiple measurement frequencies, each measurement frequency associated with a different SMTC from the multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency (block 1420). For example, the UE (e.g., using the communications manager 140 and / or splitting component 2008 shown in FIG. 20) can split the measurement frequency into multiple measurement frequencies, each measurement frequency associated with a different SMTC from the multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency, as described above.

[0156]

[0184] 14, in some aspects, the process 1400 may include performing a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among the multiple measurement frequencies (block 1430). For example, the UE (e.g., using the communications manager 140 and / or the performance component 2010 shown in FIG. 20) may perform a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among the multiple measurement frequencies, as described above.

[0157]

[0185] Process 1400 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or with respect to one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0158]

[0186] In a first aspect, the cell search engine is a second cell search engine, and the process 1400 includes performing the cell search function using the first cell search engine dedicated to a primary cell frequency or carrier.

[0159]

[0187] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, each of the multiple SMTCs is associated with a different SMTC offset value.

[0160]

[0188] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the cell search engine is shared evenly among multiple measurement frequencies.

[0161]

[0189] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the cell search engine is shared unequally among the multiple measurement frequencies, and a sharing factor among the multiple measurement frequencies is based at least in part on the measurement frequencies associated with one or more satellites other than the serving cell satellite.

[0162]

[0190] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the multiple measurement frequencies are independent from each other with respect to the measurement period and with respect to the carrier-specific scaling factor.

[0163]

[0191] In a sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the multiple measurement frequencies are associated with each other.

[0164]

[0192] 14 illustrates example blocks of process 1400, in some aspects process 1400 may include additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged blocks compared to the blocks illustrated in FIG 14. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1400 may be performed in parallel.

[0165]

[0193] 15 illustrates an example process 1500 performed, for example, by a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. The example process 1500 is an example of a UE (e.g., UE 120) performing operations associated with performing measurements of the NTN.

[0166]

[0194] 15, in some aspects, process 1500 may include receiving a measurement configuration indicating multiple candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN (block 1510). For example, the UE may receive (e.g., using the communications manager 140 and / or the receiving component 2302 shown in FIG. 23) a measurement configuration indicating multiple candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN, as described above.

[0167]

[0195] 15, in some aspects, process 1500 may include selecting one or more measurement gaps from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or UE (block 1520). For example, the UE (e.g., using the communications manager 140 and / or the selection component 2308 illustrated in FIG. 23) may select one or more measurement gaps from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or UE, as described above.

[0168]

[0196] 15, in some aspects, process 1500 may include transmitting to the serving node an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE (block 1530). For example, the UE may transmit (e.g., using the communications manager 140 and / or the transmitting component 2304 shown in FIG. 23) to the serving node an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE, as described above.

[0169]

[0197] Process 1500 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or with respect to one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0170]

[0198] In a first aspect, the process 1500 includes receiving a reconfiguration or activation of one or more measurement gaps from a serving node based at least in part on one or more measurement gaps reported to the serving node.

[0171]

[0199] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, selecting one or more measurement gaps is based at least in part on one or more of ephemeris information associated with the serving node, time drift information associated with the serving node, the UE position, SMTC parameters configured for the UE, the amount of SMTC supported in the measurement gap, candidate measurement gap parameters, a relative time offset between the serving node and a neighboring node, a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid, or a loss of downlink resources due to the measurement gap.

[0172]

[0200] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the relative time offset is based at least in part on additional target or neighboring cell information including one or more of ephemeris information, time drift rate, or reference position.

[0173]

[0201] In a fourth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the reference location is associated with a center location of the serving cell and a candidate measurement gap parameter.

[0174]

[0202] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the process 1500 includes receiving a request from a serving node for updated one or more measurement gaps within a duration during which the set of measurement gaps is valid.

[0175]

[0203] In a sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, one or more measurement gaps are applicable to neighbor cell measurements or target cell measurements from a satellite other than a serving satellite associated with the serving node.

[0176]

[0204] 15 illustrates example blocks of process 1500, in some aspects process 1500 may include additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged blocks compared to the blocks illustrated in FIG 15. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1500 may be performed in parallel.

[0177]

[0205] 16 illustrates an example process 1600 performed, for example, by a serving node, in accordance with the present disclosure. The example process 1600 is an example of a serving node (e.g., base station 110) performing operations associated with performing measurements of the NTN.

[0178]

[0206] 16, in some aspects, the process 1600 may include transmitting a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN to the UE (block 1610). For example, the serving node may transmit (e.g., using the transmitting component 2604 shown in FIG. 26) a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN to the UE, as described above.

[0179]

[0207] 16, in some aspects, process 1600 may include receiving from the UE an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps is valid at the UE (block 1620). For example, the serving node (e.g., using receiving component 2602 shown in FIG. 26) may receive from the UE an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps is valid at the UE, as described above.

[0180]

[0208] Process 1600 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or with respect to one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0181]

[0209] In a first aspect, process 1600 includes sending a reconfiguration or activation of one or more measurement gaps to the UE based at least in part on the one or more measurement gaps reported to the serving node.

[0182]

[0210] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the one or more measurement gaps are selected based at least in part on one or more of ephemeris information associated with the serving node, time drift information associated with the serving node, the UE position, SMTC parameters configured for the UE, the amount of SMTC supported in the measurement gap, candidate measurement gap parameters, a relative time offset between the serving node and a neighboring node, a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid, or a loss of downlink resources due to the measurement gap.

[0183]

[0211] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the relative time offset is based at least in part on additional target or neighboring cell information including one or more of ephemeris information, time drift rate, or reference position.

[0184]

[0212] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the reference location is associated with a center location of the serving cell or a location used by the serving node when configuring the SMTC parameters and the candidate measurement gap parameters.

[0185]

[0213] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the process 1600 includes sending a request to the UE for updated measurement gap(s) within a duration that the measurement gap(s) are valid.

[0186]

[0214] In a sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, one or more measurement gaps are applicable to neighbor cell measurements or target cell measurements from a satellite other than a serving satellite associated with the serving node.

[0187]

[0215] 16 illustrates example blocks of process 1600, in some aspects process 1600 may include additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged blocks compared to the blocks illustrated in FIG 16. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1600 may be performed in parallel.

[0188]

[0216] FIG. 17 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1700 for wireless communication. The apparatus 1700 may be a UE, or a UE may include the apparatus 1700. In some aspects, the apparatus 1700 comprises a receiving component 1702 and a transmitting component 1704, which may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, the apparatus 1700 may communicate with another apparatus 1706 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the receiving component 1702 and the transmitting component 1704. As further shown, the apparatus 1700 may comprise a communications manager 140. The communications manager 140 may include one or more of a determining component 1708, an application component 1710, or a performance component 1712, among other examples.

[0189]

[0217] In some aspects, the apparatus 1700 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein with respect to FIGS. 6-12. Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1700 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as the process 1300 of FIG. 13. In some aspects, the apparatus 1700 and / or one or more components illustrated in FIG. 17 may include one or more components of a UE described in connection with FIG. 2. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components illustrated in FIG. 17 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with FIG. 2. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0190]

[0218] The receiving component 1702 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, from the device 1706. The receiving component 1702 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 1700. In some aspects, the receiving component 1702 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) on the received communications and provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 1700. In some aspects, the receiving component 1702 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof of a UE as described with respect to FIG.

[0191]

[0219] The transmitting component 1704 may transmit a communication, such as a reference signal, control information, a data communication, or a combination thereof, to the device 1706. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 1700 may generate a communication and provide the generated communication to the transmitting component 1704 for transmission to the device 1706. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1704 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplifying, modulating, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples) on the generated communication and may transmit the processed signal to the device 1706. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1704 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of a UE as described with respect to FIG. 2. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1704 may be collocated with the receiving component 1702 in a transceiver.

[0192]

[0220] The determining component 1708 may determine a scaling factor for the UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with the NTN. The application component 1710 may apply the scaling factor to the UE measurement period to obtain a scaled UE measurement period. The performance component 1712 may perform measurements during the scaled UE measurement period.

[0193]

[0221] The receiving component 1702 may receive an indication of a scaling factor for the UE measurement period from a serving node associated with the NTN. The determining component 1708 may determine to apply a scaling factor to the UE measurement period based at least in part on a satellite type of the measurement cell. The determining component 1708 may determine that a scaling factor should not be applied to the UE measurement period based at least in part on one or more of the measurement cell being associated with a terrestrial network, the satellite type of the measurement cell being a geostationary satellite, or the satellite type of the measurement cell being a non-geostationary satellite with a quasi-earth fixed cell deployment.

[0194]

[0222] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 17 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged components compared to those shown in Figure 17. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Figure 17 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Figure 17 may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, a set of components (one or more) shown in Figure 17 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Figure 17.

[0195]

[0223] 18 illustrates an example hardware implementation 1800 for an apparatus 1805 using a processing system 1810. The apparatus 1805 may be a UE.

[0196]

[0224] The processing system 1810 may be implemented with a bus architecture, represented generally by bus 1815. The bus 1815 may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges depending on the particular application and overall design constraints of the processing system 1810. The bus 1815 links together various circuits, including one or more processors and / or hardware components, represented by the processor 1820, the illustrated components, and computer-readable medium / memory 1825. The bus 1815 may also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and / or power management circuits.

[0197]

[0225] The processing system 1810 may be coupled to a transceiver 1830. The transceiver 1830 is coupled to one or more antennas 1835. The transceiver 1830 provides a means for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. The transceiver 1830 receives signals from the one or more antennas 1835, extracts information from the received signals, and provides the extracted information to the processing system 1810, particularly the receiving component 1702. In addition, the transceiver 1830 receives information from the processing system 1810, particularly the transmitting component 1704, and generates signals to be applied to the one or more antennas 1835 based at least in part on the received information.

[0198]

[0226] The processing system 1810 includes a processor 1820 coupled to a computer readable medium / memory 1825. The processor 1820 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored in the computer readable medium / memory 1825. The software, when executed by the processor 1820, causes the processing system 1810 to perform various functions described herein for any particular apparatus. The computer readable medium / memory 1825 may also be used to store data that is manipulated by the processor 1820 when executing the software. The processing system further includes at least one of the illustrated components. The components may be software modules executed in the processor 1820 and residing / stored in the computer readable medium / memory 1825, one or more hardware modules coupled to the processor 1820, or some combination thereof.

[0199]

[0227] In some aspects, the processing system 1810 may be a component of the UE 120 and may include the memory 282, and / or at least one of the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280. In some aspects, the apparatus 1805 for wireless communication includes means for determining a scaling factor for a UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with an NTN, means for applying the scaling factor to the UE measurement period to obtain a scaled UE measurement period, and means for performing measurements during the scaled UE measurement period. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the processing system 1810 of the apparatus 1700 and / or the apparatus 1805 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As described elsewhere herein, the processing system 1810 may include the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280. In one configuration, the aforementioned means may be the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280 configured to perform the functions and / or operations described herein.

[0200]

[0228] Figure 18 is provided as an example, other implementations may differ from those described with respect to Figure 18.

[0201]

[0229] 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a code and circuit implementation 1900 for an apparatus 1905. The apparatus 1905 may be a UE.

[0202]

[0230] 19, the apparatus may include circuitry (circuitry 1920) for determining a scaling factor for the UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with the NTN. For example, the apparatus may include circuitry for enabling the apparatus to determine a scaling factor for the UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with the NTN.

[0203]

[0231] 19, the apparatus may include circuitry (circuitry 1925) for applying a scaling factor to the UE measurement period to obtain a scaled UE measurement period. For example, the apparatus may include circuitry for enabling the apparatus to apply a scaling factor to the UE measurement period to obtain a scaled UE measurement period.

[0204]

[0232] 19, the apparatus may include circuitry for performing measurements during a scaled UE measurement period (circuitry 1930). For example, the apparatus may include circuitry for enabling the apparatus to perform measurements during a scaled UE measurement period.

[0205]

[0233] 19, the apparatus may include code (code 1940) for determining a scaling factor for the UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with an NTN, stored on the computer-readable medium 1825. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by the processor 1820, can cause the transceiver 1830 to determine a scaling factor for the UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with an NTN.

[0206]

[0234] 19, the apparatus may include code for applying a scaling factor to the UE measurement period to obtain a scaled UE measurement period (code 1945), stored in the computer readable medium 1825. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by the processor 1820, can cause the transceiver 1830 to apply the scaling factor to the UE measurement period to obtain a scaled UE measurement period.

[0207]

[0235] 19, the apparatus may include code for performing UE measurements during a scaled UE measurement period (code 1950), stored on the computer readable medium 1825. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by the processor 1820, can cause the transceiver 1830 to perform UE measurements during the scaled UE measurement period.

[0208]

[0236] Figure 19 is provided as an example, other implementations may differ from those described with respect to Figure 19.

[0209]

[0237] FIG. 20 is a diagram of an example apparatus 2000 for wireless communication. The apparatus 2000 may be a UE, or a UE may include the apparatus 2000. In some aspects, the apparatus 2000 comprises a receiving component 2002 and a transmitting component 2004, which may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, the apparatus 2000 may communicate with another apparatus 2006 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the receiving component 2002 and the transmitting component 2004. As further shown, the apparatus 2000 may comprise a communications manager 140. The communications manager 140 may include one or more of a splitting component 2008 or a performance component 2010, among other examples.

[0210]

[0238] In some aspects, the apparatus 2000 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein with respect to FIGS. 6-12. Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 2000 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as the process 1400 of FIG. 14. In some aspects, the apparatus 2000 and / or one or more components illustrated in FIG. 20 may include one or more components of a UE described in connection with FIG. 2. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components illustrated in FIG. 20 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with FIG. 2. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0211]

[0239] The receiving component 2002 can receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, from the device 2006. The receiving component 2002 can provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 2000. In some aspects, the receiving component 2002 can perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) on the received communications and can provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 2000. In some aspects, the receiving component 2002 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof of a UE as described with respect to FIG.

[0212]

[0240] The transmitting component 2004 can transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to the device 2006. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 2000 can generate communications and provide the generated communications to the transmitting component 2004 for transmission to the device 2006. In some aspects, the transmitting component 2004 can perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplifying, modulating, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples) on the generated communications and can transmit the processed signals to the device 2006. In some aspects, the transmitting component 2004 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or combinations thereof, of a UE as described with respect to FIG. 2. In some aspects, the transmitting component 2004 can be collocated with the receiving component 2002 in a transceiver.

[0213]

[0241] The receiving component 2002 may receive a configuration from a serving node associated with the NTN indicating multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency. The dividing component 2008 may divide the measurement frequency into multiple measurement frequencies, each measurement frequency associated with a different SMTC from the multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency. The performance component 2010 may perform a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among the multiple measurement frequencies.

[0214]

[0242] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 20 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged components compared to those shown in Figure 20. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Figure 20 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Figure 20 may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, a set of components (one or more) shown in Figure 20 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Figure 20.

[0215]

[0243] 21 illustrates an example hardware implementation 2100 for an apparatus 2105 using a processing system 2110. The apparatus 2105 may be a UE.

[0216]

[0244] The processing system 2110 may be implemented with a bus architecture, represented generally by bus 2115. The bus 2115 may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges depending on the particular application and overall design constraints of the processing system 2110. The bus 2115 links together various circuits, including one or more processors and / or hardware components, represented by the processor 2120, the illustrated components, and computer-readable medium / memory 2125. The bus 2115 may also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and / or power management circuits.

[0217]

[0245] The processing system 2110 may be coupled to a transceiver 2130. The transceiver 2130 is coupled to one or more antennas 2135. The transceiver 2130 provides a means for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. The transceiver 2130 receives signals from one or more antennas 2135, extracts information from the received signals, and provides the extracted information to the processing system 2110, in particular the receiving component 2002. In addition, the transceiver 2130 receives information from the processing system 2110, in particular the transmitting component 2004, and generates signals to be applied to the one or more antennas 2135 based at least in part on the received information.

[0218]

[0246] The processing system 2110 includes a processor 2120 coupled to a computer readable medium / memory 2125. The processor 2120 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored in the computer readable medium / memory 2125. The software, when executed by the processor 2120, causes the processing system 2110 to perform various functions described herein for any particular device. The computer readable medium / memory 2125 may also be used to store data that is manipulated by the processor 2120 when executing the software. The processing system further includes at least one of the illustrated components. The components may be software modules executed in the processor 2120 and residing / stored in the computer readable medium / memory 2125, one or more hardware modules coupled to the processor 2120, or some combination thereof.

[0219]

[0247] In some aspects, the processing system 2110 may be a component of the UE 120 and may include the memory 282, and / or at least one of the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280. In some aspects, the apparatus 2105 for wireless communication includes means for receiving a configuration indicating a plurality of SMTCs of a measurement frequency from a serving node associated with an NTN, means for dividing the measurement frequency into a plurality of measurement frequencies, each measurement frequency being associated with a different SMTC from the plurality of SMTCs of the measurement frequency, and means for performing a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among the plurality of measurement frequencies. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the processing system 2110 of the apparatus 2000 and / or the apparatus 2105 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As described elsewhere herein, the processing system 2110 may include the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280. In one configuration, the aforementioned means may be the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280 configured to perform the functions and / or operations described herein.

[0220]

[0248] Figure 21 is provided as an example, other embodiments may differ from those described with respect to Figure 21.

[0221]

[0249] 22 illustrates an example code and circuit implementation 2200 for an apparatus 2205. The apparatus 2205 may be a UE.

[0222]

[0250] 22, the device may include circuitry for receiving a configuration indicating multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency from a serving node associated with the NTN (circuitry 2220). For example, the device may include circuitry that enables the device to receive a configuration indicating multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency from a serving node associated with the NTN.

[0223]

[0251] 22, the device may include circuitry (circuitry 2225) for dividing the measurement frequency into multiple measurement frequencies, each measurement frequency associated with a different SMTC from the multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency. For example, the device may include circuitry that enables the device to divide the measurement frequency into multiple measurement frequencies, each measurement frequency associated with a different SMTC from the multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency.

[0224]

[0252] 22, the device may include circuitry for performing a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among multiple measurement frequencies (circuitry 2230). For example, the device may include circuitry for enabling the device to perform a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among multiple measurement frequencies.

[0225]

[0253] 22, the apparatus may include code (code 2240) stored on the computer-readable medium 2125 for receiving a configuration indicating multiple SMTCs of measurement frequencies from a serving node associated with the NTN. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by the processor 2120, may cause the transceiver 2130 to receive a configuration indicating multiple SMTCs of measurement frequencies from a serving node associated with the NTN.

[0226]

[0254] 22, the apparatus may include code (code 2245) stored on the computer readable medium 2125 for dividing the measurement frequency into multiple measurement frequencies, each measurement frequency associated with a different SMTC from the multiple SMTC of the measurement frequency. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by the processor 2120, can cause the transceiver 2130 to divide the measurement frequency into multiple measurement frequencies, each measurement frequency associated with a different SMTC from the multiple SMTC of the measurement frequency.

[0227]

[0255] 22, the apparatus may include code (code 2250) for performing a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among multiple measurement frequencies, stored on the computer readable medium 2125. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by the processor 2120, can cause the transceiver 2130 to perform a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among multiple measurement frequencies.

[0228]

[0256] Figure 22 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described in relation to Figure 22.

[0229]

[0257] FIG. 23 is a diagram of an example apparatus 2300 for wireless communication. The apparatus 2300 may be a UE, or a UE may include the apparatus 2300. In some aspects, the apparatus 2300 comprises a receiving component 2302 and a transmitting component 2304, which may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, the apparatus 2300 may communicate with another apparatus 2306 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the receiving component 2302 and the transmitting component 2304. As further shown, the apparatus 2300 may comprise a communications manager 140. The communications manager 140 may include a selection component 2308, among other examples.

[0230]

[0258] In some aspects, the apparatus 2300 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein with respect to FIGS. 6-12. Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 2300 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as the process 1500 of FIG. 15. In some aspects, the apparatus 2300 and / or one or more components illustrated in FIG. 23 may include one or more components of a UE described in connection with FIG. 2. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components illustrated in FIG. 23 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with FIG. 2. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0231]

[0259] The receiving component 2302 can receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, from the device 2306. The receiving component 2302 can provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 2300. In some aspects, the receiving component 2302 can perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) on the received communications and can provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 2300. In some aspects, the receiving component 2302 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof of a UE as described with respect to FIG.

[0232]

[0260] The transmitting component 2304 may transmit a communication to the device 2306, such as a reference signal, control information, a data communication, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 2300 may generate a communication and provide the generated communication to the transmitting component 2304 for transmission to the device 2306. In some aspects, the transmitting component 2304 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplifying, modulating, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples) on the generated communication and may transmit the processed signal to the device 2306. In some aspects, the transmitting component 2304 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of a UE as described with respect to FIG. 2. In some aspects, the transmitting component 2304 may be collocated with the receiving component 2302 in a transceiver.

[0233]

[0261] The receiving component 2302 may receive a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node associated with a serving cell in the NTN. The selecting component 2308 may select one or more measurement gaps from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving cell or the UE. The transmitting component 2304 may transmit to the serving node an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps is valid at the UE.

[0234]

[0262] The receiving component 2302 may receive a reconfiguration or activation of one or more measurement gaps from a serving node based at least in part on a set of measurement gaps reported to the serving node. The receiving component 2302 may receive a request from the serving node for an updated set of measurement gaps within an amount of time that the set of measurement gaps is valid.

[0235]

[0263] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 23 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged components compared to those shown in Figure 23. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Figure 23 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Figure 23 may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, a set of components (one or more) shown in Figure 23 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Figure 23.

[0236]

[0264] 24 illustrates an example hardware implementation 2400 for an apparatus 2405 using a processing system 2410. The apparatus 2405 may be a UE.

[0237]

[0265] The processing system 2410 may be implemented with a bus architecture, represented generally by bus 2415. The bus 2415 may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges depending on the particular application and overall design constraints of the processing system 2410. The bus 2415 links together various circuits, including one or more processors and / or hardware components, represented by the processor 2420, the illustrated components, and computer-readable medium / memory 2425. The bus 2415 may also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and / or power management circuits.

[0238]

[0266] The processing system 2410 may be coupled to a transceiver 2430. The transceiver 2430 is coupled to one or more antennas 2435. The transceiver 2430 provides a means for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. The transceiver 2430 receives signals from the one or more antennas 2435, extracts information from the received signals, and provides the extracted information to the processing system 2410, specifically the receiving component 2302. In addition, the transceiver 2430 receives information from the processing system 2410, specifically the transmitting component 2304, and generates signals to be applied to the one or more antennas 2435 based at least in part on the received information.

[0239]

[0267] The processing system 2410 includes a processor 2420 coupled to a computer readable medium / memory 2425. The processor 2420 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored in the computer readable medium / memory 2425. The software, when executed by the processor 2420, causes the processing system 2410 to perform various functions described herein for any particular device. The computer readable medium / memory 2425 may also be used to store data that is manipulated by the processor 2420 when executing the software. The processing system further includes at least one of the illustrated components. The components may be software modules executed in the processor 2420 and residing / stored in the computer readable medium / memory 2425, one or more hardware modules coupled to the processor 2420, or some combination thereof.

[0240]

[0268] In some aspects, the processing system 2410 may be a component of the UE 120 and may include the memory 282, and / or at least one of the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280. In some aspects, the apparatus 2405 for wireless communication includes means for receiving a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node associated with a serving cell in the NTN, means for selecting a set of measurement gaps from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving cell or the UE, and means for transmitting an indication of the set of measurement gaps and an amount of time for which the set of measurement gaps is valid to the serving node. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the processing system 2410 of the apparatus 2300 and / or the apparatus 2405 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As described elsewhere herein, the processing system 2410 may include the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280. In one configuration, the aforementioned means may be the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280 configured to perform the functions and / or operations described herein.

[0241]

[0269] Figure 24 is provided as an example, other embodiments may differ from those described in relation to Figure 24.

[0242]

[0270] 25 illustrates an example code and circuit implementation 2500 for an apparatus 2505. The apparatus 2505 may be a UE.

[0243]

[0271] 25, the apparatus may include circuitry for receiving a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node associated with a serving cell in the NTN (circuitry 2520). For example, the apparatus may include circuitry for enabling the apparatus to receive a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node associated with a serving cell in the NTN.

[0244]

[0272] 25, the apparatus may include circuitry for selecting one or more measurement gaps from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving cell or UE (circuitry 2525). For example, the apparatus may include circuitry for enabling the apparatus to select one or more measurement gaps from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving cell or UE.

[0245]

[0273] 25, the apparatus may include circuitry (circuitry 2530) for transmitting to a serving node an indication of one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps are valid. For example, the apparatus may include circuitry for enabling the apparatus to transmit to a serving node an indication of one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps are valid.

[0246]

[0274] 25, the apparatus may include code (code 2540) for receiving a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN, stored on the computer-readable medium 2425. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by the processor 2420, may cause the transceiver 2430 to receive a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN.

[0247]

[0275] 25, the apparatus may include code for selecting one or more measurement gaps from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or UE (code 2545), stored in the computer-readable medium 2425. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by the processor 2420, can cause the transceiver 2430 to select one or more measurement gaps from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or UE.

[0248]

[0276] 25, the apparatus may include code (code 2550) for transmitting an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid to a serving node, stored on the computer readable medium 2425. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by the processor 2420, may cause the transceiver 2430 to transmit an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid to a serving node.

[0249]

[0277] Figure 25 is provided as an example, other implementations may differ from those described in relation to Figure 25.

[0250]

[0278] 26 is a diagram of an example apparatus 2600 for wireless communication. The apparatus 2600 may be a serving node, or a serving node may include the apparatus 2600. In some aspects, the apparatus 2600 comprises a receiving component 2602 and a transmitting component 2604, which may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, the apparatus 2600 may communicate with another apparatus 2606 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the receiving component 2602 and the transmitting component 2604.

[0251]

[0279] In some aspects, the apparatus 2600 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein with respect to FIGS. 6-12. Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 2600 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as the process 1600 of FIG. 16. In some aspects, the apparatus 2600 and / or one or more components illustrated in FIG. 26 may include one or more components of a serving node described with respect to FIG. 2. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components illustrated in FIG. 26 may be implemented within one or more components described with respect to FIG. 2. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0252]

[0280] The receiving component 2602 may receive communications from the device 2606, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. The receiving component 2602 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 2600. In some aspects, the receiving component 2602 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) on the received communications and provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 2600. In some aspects, the receiving component 2602 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof of a serving node as described with respect to FIG.

[0253]

[0281] The transmitting component 2604 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to the device 2606. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 2600 may generate communications and provide the generated communications to the transmitting component 2604 for transmission to the device 2606. In some aspects, the transmitting component 2604 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplifying, modulating, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the device 2606. In some aspects, the transmitting component 2604 may include one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof, of the serving node as described with respect to FIG. 2. In some aspects, the transmitting component 2604 may be collocated with the receiving component 2602 in a transceiver.

[0254]

[0282] The transmitting component 2604 may transmit a measurement configuration indicating multiple candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN to the UE. The receiving component 2602 may receive from the UE an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from the multiple candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid.

[0255]

[0283] The transmitting component 2604 may transmit a reconfiguration or activation of one or more measurement gaps to the UE based at least in part on the set of measurement gaps reported to the serving node. The transmitting component 2604 may transmit a request for an updated set of measurement gaps to the UE within a duration that the one or more measurement gaps are valid.

[0256]

[0284] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 26 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged components compared to those shown in Figure 26. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Figure 26 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Figure 26 may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, a set of components (or components) shown in Figure 26 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Figure 26.

[0257]

[0285] 27 illustrates an example hardware implementation 2700 for an apparatus 2705 using a processing system 2710. The apparatus 2705 may be a serving node (e.g., a base station 110).

[0258]

[0286] The processing system 2710 may be implemented with a bus architecture, represented generally by bus 2715. The bus 2715 may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges depending on the particular application and overall design constraints of the processing system 2710. The bus 2715 links together various circuits, including one or more processors and / or hardware components, represented by the processor 2720, the illustrated components, and computer-readable medium / memory 2725. The bus 2715 may also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and / or power management circuits.

[0259]

[0287] The processing system 2710 may be coupled to a transceiver 2730. The transceiver 2730 is coupled to one or more antennas 2735. The transceiver 2730 provides a means for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. The transceiver 2730 receives signals from the one or more antennas 2735, extracts information from the received signals, and provides the extracted information to the processing system 2710, in particular the receiving component 2602. In addition, the transceiver 2730 receives information from the processing system 2710, in particular the transmitting component 2604, and generates signals to be applied to the one or more antennas 2735 based at least in part on the received information.

[0260]

[0288] The processing system 2710 includes a processor 2720 coupled to a computer readable medium / memory 2725. The processor 2720 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored in the computer readable medium / memory 2725. The software, when executed by the processor 2720, causes the processing system 2710 to perform various functions described herein for any particular device. The computer readable medium / memory 2725 may also be used to store data that is manipulated by the processor 2720 when executing the software. The processing system further includes at least one of the components shown. The components may be software modules executed in the processor 2720 and residing / stored in the computer readable medium / memory 2725, one or more hardware modules coupled to the processor 2720, or some combination thereof.

[0261]

[0289] In some aspects, the processing system 2710 may be a component of the base station 110 and may include the memory 242, and / or at least one of the TX MIMO processor 230, the RX processor 238, and / or the controller / processor 240. In some aspects, the apparatus 2705 for wireless communication includes means for transmitting a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node associated with a serving cell in the NTN to a UE, and means for receiving from the UE an indication of a set of measurement gaps selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and an amount of time for which the set of measurement gaps is valid. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the processing system 2710 of the apparatus 2600 and / or the apparatus 2705 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As described elsewhere herein, the processing system 2710 may include the TX MIMO processor 230, the receive processor 238, and / or the controller / processor 240. In one configuration, the aforementioned means may be the TX MIMO processor 230, the receive processor 238, and / or the controller / processor 240 configured to perform the functions and / or operations described herein.

[0262]

[0290] Figure 27 is provided as an example, other implementations may differ from those described with respect to Figure 27.

[0263]

[0291] 28 is a diagram illustrating an example of a code and circuit implementation 2800 for an apparatus 2805. The apparatus 2805 may be a UE.

[0264]

[0292] 28, the apparatus may include circuitry for transmitting a measurement configuration indicating multiple candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN to the UE (circuitry 2820). For example, the apparatus may include circuitry for enabling the apparatus to transmit a measurement configuration indicating multiple candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN to the UE.

[0265]

[0293] 28, the apparatus may include circuitry (circuitry 2825) for receiving from the UE an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid. For example, the apparatus may include circuitry for enabling the apparatus to receive from the UE an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid.

[0266]

[0294] 28, the apparatus may include code (code 2840) for transmitting a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN to a UE, stored on the computer-readable medium 2725. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by the processor 2720, may cause the transceiver 2730 to transmit a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN to the UE.

[0267]

[0295] 28, the apparatus may include code (code 2845) for receiving from the UE an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid, stored on the computer readable medium 2725. For example, the apparatus may include code that, when executed by the processor 2720, may cause the transceiver 2730 to receive from the UE an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid.

[0268]

[0296] Figure 28 is provided as an example, other embodiments may differ from those described with respect to Figure 28.

[0269]

[0297] FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating an example non-aggregated base station architecture 2900 in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0270]

[0298] The deployment of a communication system such as a 5G NR system can be configured in multiple ways with various components or parts. In a 5G NR system or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of the network, a RAN node, a core network node, a network element, or a network equipment such as a base station (BS, e.g., base station 110), or one or more units (or one or more components) performing a base station function can be implemented in an aggregated or non-aggregated architecture. For example, a BS (such as a Node B (NB), eNB, NR BS, 5G NB, Access Point (AP), TRP, or cell) can be implemented as an aggregated base station (also known as a standalone BS or monolithic BS) or a non-aggregated base station.

[0271]

[0299] An aggregated base station may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node. A non-aggregated base station may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed between two or more units (e.g., one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs). In some aspects, a CU may be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU or alternatively geographically or virtually distributed across one or more other RAN nodes. A DU may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU may be implemented as a virtual unit (e.g., a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU)).

[0272]

[0300] The operation of a base station type or network design may take into account the aggregation characteristics of the base station functions. For example, a non-aggregated base station may be utilized in an IAB network, an O-RAN (such as a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN)). Non-aggregation may include distributing functions across two or more units in various physical locations, as well as distributing functions virtually for at least one unit, which may allow flexibility in network design. Various units of a non-aggregated base station, or a non-aggregated RAN architecture, may be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit.

[0273]

[0301] The unaggregated base station architecture shown in FIG. 29 may include one or more CUs 2910 that may communicate directly with the core network 2920 via a backhaul link or indirectly with the core network 2920 through one or more unaggregated base station units (such as a Near-RT RIC 2925 via an E2 link, or a Non-RT RIC 2915 associated with a service management and orchestration (SMO) framework 2905, or both). The CUs 2910 may communicate with one or more DUs 2930 via respective midhaul links, such as an F1 interface. The DUs 2930 may communicate with one or more RUs 2940 via respective fronthaul links. The RUs 2940 may communicate with respective UEs 120 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 120 may be served by multiple RUs 2940 simultaneously.

[0274]

[0302] Each of the units (e.g., CU2910, DU2930, RU2940), as well as Near-RT RIC2925, Non-RT RIC2915, and SMO framework2905, may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) over a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to the unit's communication interface, may be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units over a transmission medium. For example, a unit may include a wired interface configured to receive or transmit signals to one or more of the other units over a wired transmission medium. In addition, a unit may include a wireless interface, which may include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (such as an RF transceiver), configured to receive and / or transmit signals to one or more of the other units over a wireless transmission medium.

[0275]

[0303] In some aspects, the CU 2910 can host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions can include Radio Resource Control (RRC), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 2910. The CU 2910 can be configured to handle user plane functions (e.g., Central Unit - User Plane (CU-UP)), control plane functions (e.g., Central Unit - Control Plane (CU-CP)), or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 2910 can be logically divided into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. The CU-UP unit, when implemented in an O-RAN configuration, can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface, such as an E1 interface. The CU 2910 may be implemented to communicate with the DU 2930, as necessary, for network control and signaling.

[0276]

[0304] The DU 2930 may correspond to a logical unit including one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RUs 2940. In some aspects, the DU 2930 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more upper physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc.), at least in part according to a functional division such as that defined by 3GPP. In some aspects, the DU 2930 may further host one or more lower PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 2930 or with a control function hosted by the CU 2910.

[0277]

[0305] The lower layer functions may be implemented by one or more RUs 2940. In some deployments, the RUs 2940 controlled by the DU 2930 may correspond to logical nodes hosting RF processing functions, or low PHY layer functions (such as performing fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc.), or both, based at least in part on a functional division such as a lower layer functional division. In such an architecture, the RU(s) 2940 may be implemented to handle over the air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 120. In some implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communications with the RU(s) 2940 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 2930. In some scenarios, this configuration may enable the DU(s) 2930 and the CU 2910 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.

[0278]

[0306] The SMO framework 2905 may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 2905 may be configured to support deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements that may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (such as an O1 interface). For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 2905 may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-cloud) 2990) to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an O2 interface). Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, the CU 2910, the DU 2930, the RU 2940, and the Near-RT RIC 2925. In some implementations, the SMO framework 2905 may communicate with hardware aspects of a 4G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 2911, via an O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO framework 2905 can communicate directly with one or more RUs 2940 via an O1 interface. The SMO framework 2905 can also include a Non-RT RIC 2915 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 2905.

[0279]

[0307] The Non-RT RIC 2915 may be configured to include logic functions that enable non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updates, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the Near-RT RIC 2925. The Non-RT RIC 2915 may be coupled to or in communication with the Near-RT RIC 2925 (e.g., via an A1 interface). The Near-RT RIC 2925 may be configured to include logic functions that enable near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via one or more CUs 2910, one or more DUs 2930, or both, and data collection and action via interfaces connecting the O-eNBs to the Near-RT RIC 2925 (e.g., via an E2 interface).

[0280]

[0308] In some implementations, the Non-RT RIC 2915 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server to generate the AI / ML models deployed to the Near-RT RIC 2925. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 2925 and may be received at the SMO framework 2905 or the Non-RT RIC 2915 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 2915 or the Near-RT RIC 2925 may be configured to adjust RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 2915 may employ the AI / ML models to monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and take corrective action through the SMO framework 2905 (e.g., reconfiguration via O1) or through the creation of RAN management policies (e.g., A1 policies).

[0281]

[0309] As noted above, Figure 29 is provided as an example. Other implementations may differ from those described with respect to Figure 29.

[0282]

[0310] 30 illustrates an example process 3000 performed, for example, by a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. The example process 3000 is an example of a UE (e.g., UE 120) performing operations associated with performing measurements of the NTN.

[0283]

[0311] 30, in some aspects, the process 3000 may include receiving a configuration indicating multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency from a serving node associated with the NTN (block 3010). For example, the UE may receive (e.g., using the communications manager 140 and / or the receiving component 2002 shown in FIG. 20) a configuration indicating multiple SMTCs of the measurement frequency from a serving node associated with the NTN, as described above.

[0284]

[0312] 30, in some aspects, the process 3000 may include performing a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among a plurality of measurement frequencies, the plurality of measurement frequencies being based at least in part on the measurement frequencies, and each measurement frequency of the plurality of measurement frequencies being associated with a different SMTC from the plurality of SMTCs of the measurement frequencies (block 3020). For example, the UE (e.g., using the communications manager 140 and / or the performance component 2010 shown in FIG. 20) may perform a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among a plurality of measurement frequencies, the plurality of measurement frequencies being based at least in part on the measurement frequencies, and each measurement frequency of the plurality of measurement frequencies being associated with a different SMTC from the plurality of SMTCs of the measurement frequencies, as described above.

[0285]

[0313] Although Figure 30 illustrates example blocks of process 3000, in some aspects process 3000 may include additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged blocks compared to the blocks illustrated in Figure 30. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 3000 may be performed in parallel.

[0286]

[0314] 31 illustrates an example process 3100 performed, for example, by a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. The example process 3100 is an example of a UE (e.g., UE 120) performing operations associated with performing measurements of the NTN.

[0287]

[0315] 31, in some aspects, the process 3100 may include receiving a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN (block 3110). For example, the UE may receive (e.g., using the communications manager 140 and / or the receiving component 2302 shown in FIG. 23) a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN, as described above.

[0288]

[0316] As further illustrated in FIG. 31, in some aspects, the process 3100 may include transmitting to the serving node an indication of one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE, where the one or more measurement gaps are selected from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE (block 3130). For example, the UE may transmit (e.g., using the communications manager 140 and / or the transmitting component 2304 illustrated in FIG. 23) to the serving node an indication of one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE, where the one or more measurement gaps are selected from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE, as described above.

[0289]

[0317] Although Figure 31 illustrates example blocks of process 3100, in some aspects process 3100 may include additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged blocks compared to the blocks illustrated in Figure 31. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 3100 may be performed in parallel.

[0290]

[0318] 32 illustrates an example process 3200 performed, for example, by a serving node, in accordance with the present disclosure. The example process 3200 is an example of a serving node (e.g., base station 110) performing operations associated with performing measurements of the NTN.

[0291]

[0319] 32, in some aspects, the process 3200 may include outputting a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN (block 3210). For example, the serving node (e.g., using the transmitting component 2604 shown in FIG. 26) may output a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in the NTN, as described above.

[0292]

[0320] 32, in some aspects, the process 3200 may include obtaining an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps is valid at the UE (block 3220). For example, the serving node (e.g., using the receiving component 2602 shown in FIG. 26) may obtain an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from a plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps is valid at the UE, as described above.

[0293]

[0321] Although Figure 32 illustrates example blocks of process 3200, in some aspects process 3200 may include additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged blocks compared to the blocks illustrated in Figure 32. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 3200 may be performed in parallel.

[0294]

[0322] The following provides a summary of several aspects of the disclosure.

[0295]

[0323] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communications performed by a user equipment (UE), the method including: determining a scaling factor for a UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with a non-terrestrial network (NTN); and performing measurements during the scaled UE measurement period based at least in part on the scaling factor and the UE measurement period.

[0296]

[0324] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein the scaling factor is based at least in part on one or more of an altitude of a satellite associated with the NTN, an elevation angle of the satellite relative to the UE, or a radius of a beam footprint associated with the measurement cell.

[0297]

[0325] Aspect 3: The method of aspect 1 or 2, wherein the scaling factor for the UE measurement period is based at least in part on an indication received from a serving node associated with the NTN.

[0298]

[0326] Aspect 4: The method of aspect 3, wherein the indication is based at least in part on a UE-specific signal, a UE group-specific signal, or a satellite-specific signal.

[0299]

[0327] Aspect 5: The method of aspect 3, wherein the scaling factor is applied to the UE measurement period based at least in part on a satellite type of a measurement cell, the measurement cell being associated with a serving node for the UE, and the serving node being associated with the satellite type.

[0300]

[0328] Aspect 6: The method of aspect 5, wherein the satellite type of the measurement cell is a non-geostationary satellite having an Earth moving cell deployment.

[0301]

[0329] Aspect 7: The method of aspect 5, wherein the scaling factor is applied to the UE measurement period based at least in part on one or more of: the measurement cell being associated with a terrestrial network, the satellite type of the measurement cell being a geostationary satellite, or the satellite type of the measurement cell being a non-geostationary satellite with a quasi-earth fixed cell deployment.

[0302]

[0330] Aspect 8: A method of wireless communications performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving a measurement configuration from a serving node in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps; and transmitting to the serving node an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE, wherein the one or more measurement gaps are selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE.

[0303]

[0331] Aspect 9: The method of aspect 8, wherein the one or more measurement gaps are based at least in part on one or more of ephemeris information associated with the serving node, time drift information associated with the serving node, the UE position, a synchronization signal block (SSB) measurement timing configuration (SMTC) parameter configured for the UE, an amount of SMTC supported in the measurement gap, candidate measurement gap parameters, a relative time offset between the serving node and a neighboring node, a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid, or a loss of downlink resources due to the measurement gap.

[0304]

[0332] Aspect 10: The method of aspect 8 or 9, wherein the one or more measurement gaps are applicable to neighbor cell measurements or target cell measurements from a satellite other than a serving satellite associated with the serving node.

[0305]

[0333] Aspect 11: A method of wireless communication performed by a serving node, comprising: outputting a measurement configuration from a serving node in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps; and obtaining an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps is valid in a user equipment (UE).

[0306]

[0334] Aspect 12: The method of aspect 11, further comprising outputting a reconfiguration or activation of one or more measurement gaps based at least in part on the one or more measurement gaps reported to the serving node.

[0307]

[0335] Aspect 13: The method of aspect 11 or 12, wherein the one or more measurement gaps are based at least in part on one or more of ephemeris information associated with the serving node, time drift information associated with the serving node, the UE position, synchronization signal block (SSB) measurement timing configuration (SMTC) parameters configured for the UE, an amount of SMTC supported in the measurement gap, candidate measurement gap parameters, a relative time offset between the serving node and a neighboring node, a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid, or a loss of downlink resources due to the measurement gap.

[0308]

[0336] Aspect 14: The method of any one of aspects 11 to 13, further comprising outputting a request for updated measurement gap(s) within a duration during which the measurement gap(s) are valid.

[0309]

[0337] Aspect 15: A method of wireless communications performed by a user equipment (UE), the method including: determining a scaling factor for a UE measurement period based at least in part on the UE being associated with a non-terrestrial network (NTN); and performing measurements during the scaled UE measurement period based at least in part on the scaling factor and the UE measurement period.

[0310]

[0338] Aspect 16: The method of aspect 15, wherein determining the scaling factor includes determining the scaling factor based at least in part on one or more of an altitude of a satellite associated with the NTN, an elevation angle of the satellite relative to the UE, or a radius of a beam footprint associated with the measurement cell.

[0311]

[0339] Aspect 17: The method of aspect 15 or 16, further comprising receiving an indication of a scaling factor for the UE measurement period from a serving node associated with the NTN.

[0312]

[0340] Aspect 18: The method of aspect 17, wherein receiving an indication of a scaling factor for the UE measurement period includes receiving the indication via a UE-specific signal, a UE group-specific signal, or a satellite-specific signal.

[0313]

[0341] Aspect 19: The method of aspect 17, further comprising determining to apply a scaling factor to the UE measurement period based at least in part on a satellite type of the measurement cell, the measurement cell being associated with a serving node for the UE, and the serving node being associated with the satellite type.

[0314]

[0342] Aspect 20: The method of aspect 19, wherein the satellite type of the measurement cell is a non-geostationary satellite having an Earth moving cell deployment.

[0315]

[0343] Aspect 21: The method of aspect 19, further comprising determining whether to apply a scaling factor to the UE measurement period based at least in part on one or more of: the measurement cell being associated with a terrestrial network, the satellite type of the measurement cell being a geostationary satellite, or the satellite type of the measurement cell being a non-geostationary satellite having a quasi-earth fixed cell deployment.

[0316]

[0344] Aspect 22: A method according to any one of aspects 15 to 21, wherein the measurement is associated with one or more of an intra-frequency new radio (NR) cell, an inter-frequency NR cell, a radio link monitoring evaluation period, a beam failure detection evaluation period, a candidate beam detection evaluation period, a primary synchronization signal detection period, or a secondary synchronization signal detection period.

[0317]

[0345] Aspect 23: The method according to any one of aspects 15 to 22, wherein a scaling factor is applied to the discontinuous reception cycle length.

[0318]

[0346] Aspect 24: A method of wireless communications performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving a configuration from a serving node associated with a non-terrestrial network (NTN) indicating a plurality of synchronization signal block (SSB) measurement timing configurations (SMTCs) for a measurement frequency; and performing a cell search function using a cell search engine shared among the plurality of measurement frequencies, wherein the plurality of measurement frequencies are based at least in part on the measurement frequency, and each measurement frequency of the plurality of measurement frequencies is associated with a different SMTC from the plurality of SMTCs for the measurement frequency.

[0319]

[0347]

[0071] Aspect 25: The method of aspect 24, wherein the cell search engine further comprises performing the cell search function using the first cell search engine, the second cell search engine being dedicated to the primary cell frequency or carrier.

[0320]

[0348] Example 26: The method of example 24 or 25, wherein each of the multiple SMTCs is associated with a different SMTC offset value.

[0321]

[0349] Example 27: The method of any one of Examples 24 to 26, wherein the cell search engine is shared evenly among a plurality of measurement frequencies.

[0322]

[0350] Aspect 28: The method of any one of aspects 24 to 27, wherein the cell search engine is shared unequally among the multiple measurement frequencies, and a sharing factor among the multiple measurement frequencies is based at least in part on the measurement frequencies associated with one or more satellites other than the serving cell satellite.

[0323]

[0351] Example 29: The method of any one of Examples 24 to 28, wherein the multiple measurement frequencies are independent of each other with respect to the measurement period and with respect to the carrier-specific scaling factor.

[0324]

[0352] Example 30: The method of any one of Examples 24 to 29, wherein the multiple measurement frequencies are associated with each other.

[0325]

[0353] Aspect 31: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving a measurement configuration from a serving node in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps; selecting one or more measurement gaps from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE; and transmitting to the serving node an indication of the one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE.

[0326]

[0354] Aspect 32: The method of aspect 31, further comprising receiving a reconfiguration or activation of one or more measurement gaps from the serving node based at least in part on the one or more measurement gaps reported to the serving node.

[0327]

[0355] Aspect 33: The method of aspect 31 or 32, wherein selecting one or more measurement gaps is based at least in part on one or more of ephemeris information associated with the serving node, time drift information associated with the serving node, the UE position, a synchronization signal block (SSB) measurement timing configuration (SMTC) parameter configured for the UE, an amount of SMTC supported in the measurement gap, candidate measurement gap parameters, a relative time offset between the serving node and a neighboring node, a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid, or a loss of downlink resources due to the measurement gap.

[0328]

[0356] Aspect 34: The method of aspect 33, wherein the relative time offset is based at least in part on additional target or neighbor cell information including one or more of ephemeris information, a time drift rate, or a reference position.

[0329]

[0357] Aspect 35: The method of aspect 34, wherein the reference position is associated with a center position of the serving cell and the candidate measurement gap parameters.

[0330]

[0358] Aspect 36: The method of any one of aspects 31 to 35, further comprising receiving a request from a serving node for updated one or more measurement gaps within a duration during which the set of measurement gaps is valid.

[0331]

[0359] Example 37: The method according to any one of examples 31 to 36, wherein the one or more measurement gaps are applicable to neighbor cell measurements or target cell measurements from a satellite other than a serving satellite associated with the serving cell.

[0332]

[0360] Aspect 38: A method of wireless communication performed by a serving node, comprising: transmitting a measurement configuration indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps from a serving node in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) to a user equipment (UE); and receiving from the UE an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the set of measurement gaps is valid at the UE.

[0333]

[0361] Aspect 39: The method of aspect 38, further comprising: transmitting a reconfiguration or activation of one or more measurement gaps to the UE based at least in part on the one or more measurement gaps reported to the serving node.

[0334]

[0362] Aspect 40: The method of aspect 38 or 39, wherein one or more measurement gaps are selected based at least in part on one or more of ephemeris information associated with the serving node, time drift information associated with the serving node, the UE position, synchronization signal block (SSB) measurement timing configuration (SMTC) parameters configured for the UE, an amount of SMTC supported in the measurement gap, candidate measurement gap parameters, a relative time offset between the serving node and a neighboring node, a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid, or a loss of downlink resources due to the measurement gap.

[0335]

[0363] Aspect 41: The method of aspect 40, wherein the relative time offset is based at least in part on additional target or neighbor cell information including one or more of ephemeris information, a time drift rate, or a reference position.

[0336]

[0364] Aspect 42: The method of aspect 41, wherein the reference location is associated with a center location of a serving cell or a location used by the serving node when configuring the SMTC parameters and the candidate measurement gap parameters.

[0337]

[0365] Aspect 43: The method of any one of aspects 38 to 42, further comprising: sending a request to the UE for updated measurement gap(s) within a duration during which the measurement gap(s) are valid.

[0338]

[0366] Example 44: The method of any one of examples 38 to 43, wherein the one or more measurement gaps are applicable to neighbor cell measurements or target cell measurements from a satellite other than a serving satellite associated with the serving node.

[0339]

[0367] Aspect 45: An apparatus for wireless communication in a device, the apparatus including a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory, the instructions being executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform one or more of the methods of aspects 1 to 44.

[0340]

[0368] Aspect 46: A device for wireless communication, comprising: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to perform one or more of the methods of aspects 1 to 44.

[0341]

[0369] Example 47: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing one or more of the methods of examples 1 to 44.

[0342]

[0370] Aspect 48: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform one or more of the methods of aspects 1 to 44.

[0343]

[0371] Aspect 49: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions including one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform one or more methods of aspects 1 to 44.

[0344]

[0372] The above disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the embodiments to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the embodiments.

[0345]

[0373] As used herein, the term "component" shall be broadly construed as hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. "Software" shall be broadly construed to mean, among other examples, instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, and / or functions, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented in hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that the systems and / or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not intended to limit aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, as those skilled in the art will appreciate that software and hardware may be designed to implement the systems and / or methods based at least in part on the description herein.

[0346]

[0374] As used herein, "meeting a threshold" can refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc., depending on the context.

[0347]

[0375] Even if certain combinations of features are recited in the claims and / or disclosed herein, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of the various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and / or disclosed herein. The disclosure of the various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with any other claim in the claim set. As used herein, a phrase referring to "at least one of" a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to include a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c, as well as any combination having multiple identical elements (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c, and c+c+c, or any other order of a, b, and c).

[0348]

[0376] No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or essential unless expressly described as such. Also, as used herein, the articles "a" and "an" are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." Additionally, as used herein, the article "the" is intended to include one or more items referred to in relation to the article "the" and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." Additionally, as used herein, the terms "set" and "group" are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." When only one item is intended, the phrase "only one" or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, terms such as "has," "have," and "having" are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., an element that "has" A can also have B). Additionally, the phrase "based on" is intended to mean "based at least in part on," unless expressly stated otherwise. Also, as used herein, the term "or" is intended to be inclusive when used in a sequence and may be used interchangeably with "and / or," unless expressly stated otherwise (e.g., when used in combination with "either" or "only one of").

Claims

1. 1. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: Memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory; wherein the one or more processors: receiving a measurement configuration from a serving node in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps; 12. An apparatus configured to: send to the serving node an indication of one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE, wherein the one or more measurement gaps are selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE.

2. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more measurement gaps are based at least in part on one or more of ephemeris information associated with the serving node, time drift information associated with the serving node, a UE location, synchronization signal block (SSB) measurement timing configuration (SMTC) parameters configured for the UE, an amount of SMTC supported in a measurement gap, candidate measurement gap parameters, a relative time offset between the serving node and a neighboring node, the duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid, or loss of downlink resources due to a measurement gap.

3. the relative time offset is based at least in part on additional target or neighbor cell information including one or more of ephemeris information, a time drift rate, or a reference position; The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the reference location is associated with a center location of a serving cell and the candidate measurement gap parameters.

4. the one or more processors:

10. The apparatus of claim 1, further configured to receive, from the serving node, a reconfiguration or activation of one or more measurement gaps based at least in part on the one or more measurement gaps reported to the serving node.

5. the one or more processors:

2. The apparatus of claim 1, further configured to receive, from the serving node, a request for updated measurement gaps or measurement gaps within the duration that the measurement gaps or measurement gaps are valid.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the one or more measurement gaps are applicable to neighbor cell or target cell measurements from a satellite different from a serving satellite associated with the serving node.

7. 1. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: Memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory; wherein the one or more processors: transmitting a measurement configuration from the serving node in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) to a user equipment (UE) indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps; 11. An apparatus configured to: obtain an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE.

8. the one or more processors:

8. The apparatus of claim 7, further configured to: send to a user equipment a reconfiguration or activation of one or more measurement gaps based at least in part on the one or more measurement gaps reported to the serving node.

9. the one or more measurement gaps are based at least in part on one or more of ephemeris information associated with the serving node, time drift information associated with the serving node, a UE location, Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) Measurement Timing Configuration (SMTC) parameters configured for the UE, an amount of SMTC supported in a measurement gap, candidate measurement gap parameters, a relative time offset between the serving node and a neighboring node, the duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid, or a loss of downlink resources due to a measurement gap; the relative time offset is based at least in part on additional target or neighbor cell information, preferably including one or more of ephemeris information, time drift rate, or reference position; The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the reference location is preferably associated with a center location of a serving cell or a location used by the serving node when configuring the SMTC parameters and the candidate measurement gap parameters.

10. the one or more processors:

8. The apparatus of claim 7, further configured to send a request for updated measurement gap(s) to a user equipment within the duration that the measurement gap(s) is / are valid.

11. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the one or more measurement gaps are applicable to neighbor cell or target cell measurements from a satellite different from a serving satellite associated with the serving node.

12. A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving a measurement configuration from a serving node in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps; sending to the serving node an indication of one or more measurement gaps and a duration for which the one or more measurement gaps are valid at the UE; Equipped with The one or more measurement gaps are selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration based at least in part on one or more characteristics of the serving node or the UE.

13. A method of wireless communication performed by a serving node, comprising: transmitting a measurement configuration from the serving node in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) to a user equipment (UE) indicating a plurality of candidate measurement gaps; obtaining an indication of one or more measurement gaps selected from the plurality of candidate measurement gaps indicated in the measurement configuration and a duration for which a set of measurement gaps is valid for the UE; A method comprising:

14. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of claim 12.

15. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of claim 13.

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