Rotary insert, rotary tool body, and rotary tool for cutting metal workpieces
Patent Information
- Application Number
- JP2024565268
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2022-05-10
- Filing Date
- 2023-04-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing rotary tools experience breakage of cutting inserts at their longitudinal sides during operation due to uneven distribution of forces.
The turning insert features alternating parallel linear ridges and grooves on its interface, with a central main pair of toothed surfaces having greater depth than others, ensuring a stable support and reducing the risk of breakage by distributing forces effectively.
The design enhances the insert's resistance to breaking and chipping, providing a strong, stable interface that accurately mounts in the tool body, ensuring durability and effective cutting performance.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
[Technical field]
[0001] The present invention relates to a turning insert, a turning tool body and a turning tool for cutting metal workpieces, preferably by grooving or parting. [Background technology]
[0002] EP 2082820 discloses a rotary tool comprising a cutting insert and an insert holder. The insert holder comprises a recess for receiving the cutting insert. The recess has an opening through which the cutting insert can be inserted into the recess. The cutting insert has an upwardly facing contact surface and a downwardly facing contact surface, which contact surfaces are provided with toothed regions. When the cutting insert is mounted in the recess in the holder, the teeth of the upwardly facing contact surface are received in associated grooves in the opposite downwardly facing surface of the recess, and the teeth of the downwardly facing contact surface are received in associated grooves in the opposite upwardly facing surface of the recess. A problem with this known rotary tool is that the cutting insert has a tendency to break off at its longitudinal sides in some cases during operation. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The object of the present invention is to at least partially prevent the aforementioned problems. This object is achieved according to the present invention by using a turning insert, a turning tool body and a turning tool for cutting metal workpieces, preferably by grooving or parting off according to claims 1, 14 and 15.
[0004] The turning insert of the present invention for cutting a metal workpiece, preferably by grooving or parting off, has an insert body, which comprises: - a first cutting head at a forward end and a support extending rearwardly from the first cutting head, the support having a longitudinal axis extending rearwardly from the first cutting head; The support is - upper and lower surfaces each extending longitudinally rearward from the cutting head; - a first lateral side and a second lateral side both extending longitudinally rearward from the cutting head along respective lateral sides of the support and connected to the upper and lower surfaces along respective longitudinal edges; Equipped with - both the upper and lower surfaces each have an insert interface surface that mates with a respective one of the two tool interfaces when the rotation insert is received in an insert seat in the tool body; - each insert interface includes a set of mating tooth flanks defining alternating parallel linear rearwardly extending ridges and grooves, the alternating ridges and grooves extending lengthwise; - each meshing flank of each set of meshing flanks extends from an outer apex of an associated ridge to an inner bottom of an associated groove; - each set of toothed surfaces comprises a central main pair of toothed surfaces consisting of a first toothed surface on each lateral side of the longitudinal axis, - when viewed in cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, the outer profile of the alternating ridges and grooves forms a wave curve having an amplitude in the depth direction, each mating flank having a depth measured in the depth direction, the central major pair of mating flanks having the same depth at least along a major portion of their longitudinal extension; - at least along a major part of the longitudinal extension of the meshing tooth flanks, when viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, the depth of the central main pair of meshing tooth flanks is greater than the depth of all other meshing tooth flanks at the same insert interface.
[0005] Thus, each insert interface comprises a set of intermeshing tooth flanks forming alternating parallel linear rearwardly extending ridges and grooves. Each set of intermeshing tooth flanks comprises a central main pair of intermeshing tooth flanks consisting of a first intermeshing tooth flank on each lateral side of the longitudinal axis. The central main pair of intermeshing tooth flanks has the same depth to form either a central ridge or a central groove. Since the depth of the central main pair of intermeshing tooth flanks is greater than the depth of all other intermeshing tooth flanks of the same insert interface, the formed ridge / groove is thereby greater than all other ridges / grooves of the interface. The insert interface is thereby provided with the largest pair of intermeshing tooth flanks at the longitudinal center, where the rotating insert is strongest. At the same time, the intermeshing tooth flanks closer to the lateral side may be provided less deep so as to be less prone to breakage. The central main pair of meshing flanks are larger and therefore bear a larger proportion of the forces exerted on the rotating insert than the other meshing flanks of the insert interface. Meshing flanks closer to the lateral sides therefore receive a smaller proportion of the exerted forces so that the risk of breaking the rotating insert, such as chipping of ridges on the lateral sides, is reduced. Thanks to the combination of deep and less deep meshing flanks according to the invention, the interface has a large overall meshing flank area that ensures a stable support for the insert in the insert seat during use, and a strong, less deep meshing flank on the lateral side where damage is most likely to occur.
[0006] The turning insert according to the invention is a cutting insert suitable for metal cutting in turning operations. Preferably, the turning insert is suitable for parting and grooving. For example, the turning insert may be used in operations involving cutting primarily in the radial direction of a rotating workpiece. An embodiment of the turning insert may be used in operations involving cutting along the longitudinal axis of a rotating workpiece. The turning insert is particularly beneficial in operations exerting lateral forces on the turning insert due to the large main pair of mating side flanks.
[0007] The turning insert is suitable for cutting metal workpieces such as steel, etc. Preferably, the turning insert, or at least its cutting edge, comprises a wear resistant material such as coated cemented carbide, uncoated cemented carbide, cermet, ceramic, diamond or CBN.
[0008] The turning insert has a body with a first cutting head at a front end and a support extending rearwardly from the first cutting head along a longitudinal axis. Preferably, the first cutting head is provided with a rake face, a clearance face and a cutting edge at the intersection of the rake face and the clearance face. Preferably, the rake face is included in an upper surface of the first cutting head and the clearance face is included in at least a front end surface of the first cutting head.
[0009] According to at least one embodiment, the cutting edge is formed at the longitudinal front end of the first cutting head and has a transverse extension transverse to the longitudinal axis. The cutting edge may include a portion on both lateral sides that extends mainly in the longitudinal direction. As seen in a top view, the transverse portion of the cutting edge is optionally mainly straight or has a V-shape or an arc shape. As seen in a view towards the front end, the transverse portion of the cutting edge is optionally mainly straight or has a V-shape or an arc shape.
[0010] The lateral axis extends in a lateral direction and is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
[0011] The cutting edge has a maximum lateral length from the first lateral side to the second lateral side. According to an embodiment, the cutting edge has a maximum length in the lateral direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of 2-6 mm. The maximum length of the cutting edge is the maximum width of the cutting head. The rotating insert according to an embodiment is of a kind suitable to be mounted in a rotating tool body in the form of a blade.
[0012] The support typically defines a body having four major surfaces extending rearward in a longitudinal direction from the first cutting head. These surfaces include an upper surface, a lower surface, and two lateral sides. Optionally, the overall shape of the support is similar to or forms a rectangular parallelepiped. According to at least one embodiment, the support has an overall plate shape, the thickness of the plate corresponds to the width, and the first and second lateral sides are the main surfaces of the plate. Optionally, the support has a greater or lesser extension along the longitudinal axis than in the lateral direction, and than in a direction perpendicular to both the longitudinal and lateral directions.
[0013] The upper and lower surfaces extend on opposite sides of the support and face away from each other. Preferably, the upper and lower surfaces are parallel at least along a major portion in the longitudinal direction. The upper and / or lower surfaces may include partial surfaces in the form of convex or concave portions, for example to facilitate clamping or to enhance the flow of coolant. Optionally, the upper and / or lower surfaces mainly extend in a single plane, comprise several partial surfaces extending in planes angled with respect to each other, or are curved or partial surfaces. Preferably, the angled upper and / or lower surfaces, or their angled partial surfaces, are angled only with respect to the longitudinal axis and are / include a transverse axis parallel to the transverse axis.
[0014] A first and a second lateral side along each lateral side of the support are connected to the upper and lower surfaces along their respective longitudinal edges. The lateral sides face in opposite lateral directions. Optionally, at least along the main longitudinal extension, the lateral sides are parallel or converge downwards and / or rearward. The lateral sides may include convex or concave portions, for example to facilitate clamping or to enhance coolant flow.
[0015] The longitudinal axis extends midway between the lateral sides and is optionally a central longitudinal axis. In use, the longitudinal axis may be perpendicular to the axis of the rotating workpiece.
[0016] Insert interfaces are provided on both the upper and lower surfaces. Each insert interface includes a set of mating flanks forming alternating parallel linear rearwardly extending ridges and grooves. By virtue of the parallel linear rearwardly extending alternating ridges and grooves, the turning insert is insertable into an insert seat of a tool body having an opposing mating tool interface such that the ridges and grooves of the opposing mating interface engage and the ridges of one interface can slide along the grooves of the respective mating interface.
[0017] The ridges each have an outer apex and the grooves each have an inner bottom. Each mating flank of each set of mating flanks extends from the outer apex of the associated ridge to the inner bottom of the associated groove. Optionally, the apex is convex and the bottom is concave or includes a planar flat.
[0018] The alternating ridges and grooves of each insert interface extend lengthwise and follow the respective surfaces from the longitudinally forward end to the longitudinally aft end, and because the ridges and grooves are formed by the mating flanks, the extent of the mating flanks is the same as the extent of the ridges and grooves.
[0019] Preferably, the alternating ridges and grooves are longitudinal. In other words, the length direction is parallel to the longitudinal direction when viewed in top view. Thereby, the entire longitudinal length of the support can be used for the mating tooth surface creating a large area of the support. An example of such an embodiment has a support with parallel upper and lower surfaces, such as a support with the basic shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. In other embodiments adapted to a special holder for a special operation, the length direction extends at an angle to the longitudinal axis when viewed in top view, for example at an angle of less than 10°.
[0020] At least along a major portion of its longitudinal extension, and preferably along its entire longitudinal extension, each of the mating tooth flanks is uninterrupted, whereby the entire length of the support is available to the mating tooth flanks, so that a large area for accepting forces during use is achieved.
[0021] According to the embodiment, for example in the above-mentioned embodiment where the upper and / or lower surface comprises an angled part surface, the upper and / or lower surface may have a varying distance to the central plane. In such an embodiment, the alternating ridges and grooves may have an extension in a direction perpendicular to both the longitudinal and lateral directions in addition to a longitudinal extension. In such an embodiment, the length direction is different at different positions along the longitudinal axis of the turning insert.
[0022] The outer contours of the alternating ridges and grooves of each insert interface at any longitudinal position can be seen in a cross section through the rotated insert perpendicular to the length direction. In this cross section, the outer contours of the alternating ridges and grooves form a wave-like curve. The plane of this cross section comprises the transverse axis. Depending on the extension of the upper / lower surfaces, the plane can be tilted about the transverse axis so that the length directions of the ridges and grooves are perpendicular to the plane.
[0023] When viewed in this cross section perpendicular to the length direction, the wavy curve has an amplitude. In general, the amplitude of the wavy curve when viewed in a coordinate system of two perpendicular axes xy is the distance from a local minimum to an adjacent local maximum when measured in the direction of the y axis. For the wavy curve of an outer profile of alternating ridges and grooves, when viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the length axis, the y axis corresponds to an axis in the plane of the cross section that is perpendicular to the transverse axis. The direction of this y axis is in the depth direction. The outer crest of the associated ridge corresponds to a local maximum and the inner bottom of the associated groove corresponds to a local minimum. The depth of each mating flank is the distance in the depth direction from the outer crest of the associated ridge to the inner bottom of the associated groove.
[0024] The set of mating tooth flanks of each insert interface comprises a central main pair of mating tooth flanks which is the first mating tooth flank on each lateral side of the longitudinal axis. When viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, at least along a major portion of the longitudinal extension of the mating tooth flanks, the depth of the main pair of mating tooth flanks is greater than the depth of all other mating tooth flanks of the same insert interface. Thanks to the deep main pair of mating tooth flanks, in addition to providing a turning insert with improved resistance to breaking, it is also possible to ensure that the turning insert is accurately mounted in the insert seat of the tool body. Thanks to the larger mating tooth flanks of the main pair, the insert interface only fits into one exact position of the tool interface with the mating pair of the larger central mating tooth flanks.
[0025] According to an embodiment, at each insert interface, the set of meshing tooth flanks comprises a pair of meshing tooth flanks. In addition to the central main pair of meshing tooth flanks, each set comprises several auxiliary pairs of meshing tooth flanks located on both lateral sides of the main pair of meshing tooth flanks. Both meshing tooth flanks of each auxiliary pair of meshing tooth flanks have the same depth. Preferably, each pair of auxiliary pairs of meshing tooth flanks has a depth of at most 1 / 3 of the depth of the central main pair of meshing tooth flanks. It has been found that this is a good compromise between the desire to have deep meshing tooth flanks to provide a large area for accepting forces and the desire to have shallower and stronger meshing tooth flanks. A sufficiently large proportion of the forces acting on the rotating insert during use are accepted centrally in the strongest part of the rotating insert by the larger main pair of meshing tooth flanks, so that the smaller and weaker meshing tooth flanks to the lateral sides are less exposed. It is further ensured that the difference with the other mating tooth flanks is sufficient to reliably ensure that the turning insert can only be received at its intended central position at the mating tool interface of the tool body. Preferably, the depth of the main pair of mating tooth flanks is 0.4-0.8 mm, which is a suitable depth for the most common sizes of turning inserts.
[0026] Optionally, all of the mating flanks of all the auxiliary pairs of mating flanks have the same depth, or for each auxiliary pair of mating flanks the depth decreases laterally outward from the central main pair, whereby mating flanks further away from the main pair of mating flanks are made less deep so that a minimum proportion of the forces acting on the rotating insert during use are accommodated at the lateral sides where the rotating insert is weakest. Preferably the depth decreases linearly.
[0027] According to at least one embodiment, the alternating ridges and grooves of each insert interface comprise a laterally outermost ridge on each lateral side and at least two inner ridges between the laterally outermost ridges, with the crests of all ridges having the same distance to the top surface. Different depths of the mating flanks are thereby created by grooves of different depths. This configuration is beneficial in terms of manufacturing and in terms of tolerances for a precise fit at the mating tool interface.
[0028] The ridges each have an outer apex and the grooves each have an inner bottom. Each mating flank of each set of mating flanks extends from the outer apex of the associated ridge to the inner bottom of the associated groove. Optionally, the apex is convex and the bottom is concave or includes a planar flat.
[0029] An insert interface is provided on both the upper and lower surfaces. Optionally, the insert interface extends over the entire surface of each, or a portion thereof. For example, the insert interface extends over a longitudinal portion and / or a lateral portion of each surface, such as a central portion. The insert interface may not cover a portion at the front end, rear end, or lateral sides.
[0030] For example, when viewed in cross section perpendicular to the length direction, laterally inward of each lateral side, the alternating ridges and grooves of each insert interface have extreme points formed by either a peak or a bottom, respectively, with the laterally outermost extreme point having a distance to the nearest lateral side that is at least 40% of the distance from the laterally outermost extreme point to the laterally inward adjacent extreme point, as measured in the lateral direction, thereby advantageously achieving stronger lateral edges that are less prone to breaking or chipping.
[0031] The extreme points are the points on each mating flank that are furthest away from each other in the depth direction. In embodiments where the ridges and grooves have planar tops and bottoms, a point halfway between the two connecting mating flanks is used to measure the distance to the lateral side.
[0032] Preferably, the insert interface extends from the first lateral side to the second lateral side across substantially the entire width of the rotation insert. For example, when viewed in cross section perpendicular to the length direction, laterally inward of each lateral side, the alternating ridges and grooves of each insert interface have an extreme point formed by either a peak or a bottom, and the laterally outermost extreme point has a distance to the nearest lateral side that is at least 40% of the distance from the laterally outermost extreme point to the next laterally inward extreme point, as measured in the lateral direction. Thereby, several alternating ridges and grooves formed by the intermeshing tooth flanks can be fitted into the interface such that lateral forces can be distributed between and over a large area of the many intermeshing tooth flanks.
[0033] Preferably, the upper and lower insert interfaces are symmetrical with respect to one another, e.g., with respect to a rotation of 180° about the longitudinal axis and / or a rotation of 180° about the transverse axis, whereby the rotating inserts can advantageously be arranged with their upper surfaces facing in opposite directions depending on the tool holder and the task to be performed.
[0034] According to an embodiment, when viewed in cross section perpendicular to the length direction, each meshing flank has, at its midpoint at half depth, a tangent that forms an angle α with an axis extending in the depth direction, the angle α being between 25° and 35°, more preferably between 28° and 31°. A larger angle is suitable for a stronger meshing flank, whereas a smaller angle provides a larger extension of the meshing flank in the depth direction, which is beneficial for resisting lateral forces. It has been found that these angles make a good compromise, i.e. on the one hand creating a strong ridge and on the other hand creating a large meshing flank area in the depth direction.
[0035] Optionally, all of the mating tooth flanks have the same angle α, or the angle α of the central main pair of mating tooth flanks is greater than the angle α of all other mating tooth flanks at the same insert interface, whereby the central main pair of mating tooth flanks carrying a larger proportion of the force are stronger, while the lateral mating tooth flanks carrying a smaller proportion of the force are opposed at an angle more suitable for accepting the force. Optionally, all of the auxiliary pairs of mating tooth flanks have the same angle α, or for each pair of auxiliary pairs of mating tooth flanks, the angle α decreases laterally outward from the main pair. Different angles α may be beneficial for inserts that get stuck at the mating tool interface.
[0036] Preferably, when viewed in cross section perpendicular to the length direction, every pair of mating tooth flanks of both insert interfaces are mirror symmetrical about an axis extending in the depth direction and intersecting the extreme point of the associated ridge / groove. According to a preferred embodiment, the central main pair of mating flanks forms a central groove of grooves. Thus, the central main pair of mating flanks at each insert interface forms a central deep groove, and each secondary pair of mating flanks forms a less deep groove on both lateral sides of the central main pair of mating flanks. It is easier to produce the groove in the surface, and also the deepest part of the central main pair of mating flanks is recessed into the mating flanks recessed into the insert body, and therefore is better supported and stronger.
[0037] According to an embodiment, the rotating insert further comprises a second cutting head at the rear end, the support extending in the longitudinal direction from the first cutting head to the second cutting head. Preferably, the rotating insert has exactly two of these cutting heads. Preferably, the two cutting heads each carry one transverse cutting edge. Preferably, the rotating insert is mirror symmetrical with respect to a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis in the half between the front end and the rear end.
[0038] The rotary tool body of the present invention holds a rotary insert for cutting a metal workpiece, preferably by grooving or parting, and includes an insert seat for receiving the rotary insert, the insert seat extending rearward in the longitudinal direction from an opening at a front end, the insert seat comprising: - a top surface extending longitudinally rearward from the opening at the front end; - a lower surface extending rearward from an opening at the front end and facing upward; Equipped with - both the upper and lower surfaces each have a tool interface surface that mates with a respective one of the two insert interfaces when the rotating insert is received in the insert seat; - each tool interface includes a set of mating tooth flanks forming alternating ridges and grooves, the ridges and grooves extending in a longitudinal direction; - each meshing flank of each set of meshing flanks extends from an outer apex of an associated ridge to an inner bottom of an associated groove; - each set of toothed surfaces comprises a central main pair of toothed surfaces consisting of a first toothed surface on each lateral side of the longitudinal axis, - when viewed in cross section perpendicular to the length direction, the outer profile of the alternating ridges and grooves forms a wavy curve having an amplitude in the depth direction, each meshing flank having a depth measured in the depth direction, a central major pair of meshing flanks having the same depth at least along a major portion of their extension in the length direction; - at least along a major part of the longitudinal extension of the meshing tooth flanks, when viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, the depth of the central main pair of meshing tooth flanks is greater than the depth of all other meshing tooth flanks of the same tool interface.
[0039] The tool interface is designed to mate with the insert interface.
[0040] According to an embodiment, the tool interface has some or all of the characteristics of the insert interface described above.
[0041] A rotary tool according to the invention for cutting a metal workpiece, preferably by grooving or parting, comprises the rotary tool body according to the invention as described above and the rotary insert according to the invention, - the central main pair of mating tooth flanks and the auxiliary pair of mating tooth flanks at the insert interface form one of longitudinal ridges and grooves; - the central main pair of meshing tooth flanks and the auxiliary pair of meshing tooth flanks at the tool interface form the other of the longitudinal ridges and grooves; The turning insert is received in the insert seat such that both of the insert interface surfaces mate with respective ones of the two tool interface surfaces and all of the ridges are received in one respective groove.
[0042] Preferably, all adjacent mating flanks of the ridges and grooves have a point of contact, thereby achieving a strong, solid interface.
[0043] In the following, example embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]
[0044] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective top view of a first embodiment of a rotary tool for grooving or parting off metal workpieces according to the invention; [Diagram 2] 1 is a perspective top view of a first embodiment of a rotating insert according to the present invention; [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a perspective underside view of a first embodiment of a rotating insert. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the turning insert as indicated by IV-IV in FIG. 3 . [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the upper region of FIG. [Figure 6] 1 is a perspective top view of a first embodiment of a rotary tool body, a first embodiment of a rotary insert, and a clamping screw according to the present invention; FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a perspective bottom view of a first embodiment of a rotary tool body, a first embodiment of a rotary insert, and a clamping screw. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view as indicated by VIII-VIII in FIG. 1 of a first embodiment of a rotary tool. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a perspective rear view of a second embodiment of a rotation insert according to the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 13 is a perspective underside view of a second embodiment of a rotating insert. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a perspective front view of a second embodiment of a rotating insert. [Figure 12] FIG. 13 is a front end view of a second embodiment of a rotating insert. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a side view of a second embodiment of a rotating insert. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view as indicated by XIV-XIV in FIG. 13 of a second embodiment of a turning insert. [Figure 15]FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view as indicated by XV-XV in FIG. 13 of a second embodiment of a turning insert. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0045] All figures are schematic and not necessarily to scale, and generally only show the parts necessary to explain the respective embodiment, while other parts may be omitted or merely suggested. Unless otherwise indicated, like numerals refer to like or corresponding parts in the different figures.
[0046] In figure 1 a first embodiment of a turning tool for grooving or parting off metal workpieces according to the invention is shown. The turning tool comprises a first embodiment of a tool body 1 and a first embodiment of a turning insert 2. The turning insert 2 is received in the tool body 1 as will be explained in more detail below.
[0047] 2-5, a first embodiment of a rotation insert 2 according to the present invention is depicted. The rotation insert 2 has a body extending from a front end 3 to a rear end 4. The body comprises a first cutting head 5 at the front end 3 and a second cutting head 6 at the rear end 4, with a support 7 extending rearwardly from the rear end of the first cutting head 5 to the forward end of the second cutting head 6.
[0048] The support 7 has a central longitudinal axis 8 which in the first embodiment coincides with the central longitudinal axis of the first cutting head 5 and with the central longitudinal axis of the second cutting head 6 .
[0049] The lateral direction 25 (see FIG. 4) in the support 7 , or in other words the transverse direction, is the lateral direction and is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 8 .
[0050] Each cutting head 5, 6 comprises a rake face 9, a clearance face 10 and a cutting edge 11 at the intersection of the rake face 9 and the clearance face 10. The rake face 9 is part of the top face and the clearance face comprises part of the front face. The cutting edge 11 comprises a main portion 12 extending transversely along the front face. The main portion 12 of the cutting edge 11 is straight when viewed both in top and front views. The cutting edge 11 comprises two angular portions 13 which join the main portion 11 on each lateral side of one of them and extend a short distance apart in the longitudinal direction. The maximum lateral extent of the cutting edge 13 is the maximum width of the turning insert, which is 4 mm.
[0051] The turning insert has a maximum length 45 of 35 mm in the longitudinal direction.
[0052] The support 7 comprises an upper surface 14, a lower surface 15, a first lateral side 16 and a second lateral side 17, all of which extend longitudinally rearward from the first cutting head 5. The first lateral side 16 and the second lateral side 17 are connected to the upper surface 14 and the lower surface 15 along their respective longitudinal edges. The lateral sides 16, 17 are parallel planar surfaces facing in opposite lateral directions. The upper surface 14 and the lower surface 15 extend on opposite sides of the support and face away from each other. The upper surface 14 and the lower surface 15 are parallel. The overall shape of the support 7 is similar to a rectangular parallelepiped.
[0053] One respective insert interface 18 is provided on the upper surface 14 and on the lower surface 15 of the support 7. The interfaces 18 are symmetrical with respect to both a 180° rotation about the longitudinal axis 8 and / or a 180° rotation about the transverse axis 25. Therefore, only the insert interface 18 on the upper surface 15 will be described.
[0054] Each insert interface 18 comprises a set of mating flanks 19, 22 forming alternating parallel linear ridges 20 and grooves 21. The ridges 20 and grooves 21 extend in a lengthwise direction, which in the first embodiment is parallel to the central longitudinal axis 8. The ridges 20 and grooves 21 extend from the first cutting head 5 to the second cutting head 6 over the entire longitudinal length of the support 7. With reference to Figures 4 and 5, each ridge has an outer apex 26 in the form of a planar flat and each groove has an inner concave bottom 24.
[0055] The interlocking flanks 19, 22 form pairs of interlocking flanks, specifically a central primary pair of interlocking flanks 22 and a secondary pair of interlocking flanks 19. Each interlocking flank 19 of each set of interlocking flanks extends from the outer apex 26 of the associated ridge 20 to the inner bottom 24 of the associated groove 21.
[0056] The main pair of meshing tooth flanks 22 extends on one respective side of the longitudinal axis 8 and is the meshing tooth flank closest to the longitudinal axis of all meshing tooth flanks 19, 22 of the set of meshing tooth flanks. In the first embodiment, the main pair of meshing tooth flanks 22 forms a central groove 23 of the grooves 21.
[0057] The complementary pair 19 of meshing flanks defines three grooves 21 on either side of a central groove 23 .
[0058] 4, a cross section perpendicular to the length direction includes a lateral axis 25, which in a first example embodiment is the longitudinal axis 8. In the cross section, the axis that is perpendicular to both the longitudinal axis 8 and the lateral axis 25 is the depth axis 27.
[0059] When viewed in cross section, the outer profile of the alternating ridges 20 and grooves 21 form a wavy curve. Each meshing flank 19 has a depth 31 measured in a depth direction 27 from the outer apex 26 to the inner root 24. The depth 31 of the meshing flanks 19, 22 corresponds to the amplitude of the wavy curve. The outer apex 26 and inner root 24 have extreme points 28 that can be found in the wavy curve.
[0060] The central main pair 22 of meshing tooth surfaces have the same depth. The meshing tooth surfaces 19 of the first and second of the three auxiliary pairs to the sides of the main pair 22 of meshing tooth surfaces each have the same depth. However, for each auxiliary pair, the depth decreases laterally outward. The depth of the main pair 22 of meshing tooth surfaces is 0.6 mm. On either side of the main pair 22 of meshing tooth surfaces, the depth of the first auxiliary pair of meshing tooth surfaces is 0.2 mm, which is 1 / 3 of the depth of the main pair 22 of meshing tooth surfaces. The depth of the second pair of auxiliary meshing tooth surfaces is 0.1 mm, and the depth of the second outermost lateral meshing tooth surface 19 is 0.05 mm. The outermost engaging flank 19 is less deep and the crest 26 of the associated ridge 20 meets the lateral side 16, 17 such that the ridge is absent from the second engaging flank. The outermost ridge 20 is an incomplete ridge 20. The insert interface 18 extends from the first lateral side 16 to the second lateral side 18.
[0061] The insert interface 18 of the first embodiment includes one outermost incomplete ridge 20 on each of one of the lateral longitudinally extending edges and three inner ridges 20 on either side of the central longitudinal axis 8. Thus, there are a total of eight ridges 20 and seven grooves 21, including a central groove 23.
[0062] All of the inner ridges 20 have the same distance to the top surface 14 and the peaks 26 of the ridges 20 extend in a plane parallel to the top surface 14 .
[0063] The extreme point 28 of the crest 26 of the laterally outermost imperfect ridge 20 has a distance 29 to the nearest lateral side 16, 17, measured in the laterally direction, that is at least 40% and at most 60% of the distance 32 from the extreme point 28 to the adjacent extreme point (28) at the bottom 24 of the laterally inward groove 21. In a first embodiment, the distance 29 is 0.5 mm and the distance 32 is 1.00 mm.
[0064] In a cross section perpendicular to the length direction, which in the first example is the longitudinal axis 8, each meshing flank 19, 22 has a tangent at a midpoint 33 at half the depth 31 that forms an angle α with an axis extending in the depth direction 27. The angle α of both meshing flanks 22 of the central pair of meshing flanks is 30°. The angle α of all other meshing flanks 19 is 28°.
[0065] With reference to Figures 6 to 8, a first embodiment of a rotary tool body 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention is depicted. The tool body comprises a basic body 34 having a longitudinal extension extending rearward from a front end 36 and a clamping body 35 arranged at the front end 36 of the basic body 34. An insert seat 37 extends longitudinally rearward from an opening at the front part 36. The insert seat is defined by an upper surface 39 located on the clamping body 35, a lower surface 38 located on the basic body 34 and a rear surface 40 at which the clamping body 35 is pivotally connected to the basic body 34. The upper surface 39 and the lower surface 38 face each other on opposite sides of the insert seat 37. The insert seat 37 is open in the longitudinal direction towards the front and has open lateral sides.
[0066] Both the upper surface 39 and the lower surface 38 are provided with a tool interface surface 41 each, which mates with a respective one of the two insert interface surfaces 18 when the rotation insert 2 is received in the insert seat 37 .
[0067] Tool interface 41 is inverted relative to insert interface 18 described above. Tool interface 41 has ridges 20 where insert interface 18 has grooves 21, and has grooves 21 where insert interface 18 has ridges 20. Tool interface 41 has features corresponding to the features of insert interface 18 described above, and therefore will not be described in detail.
[0068] With reference to Figures 1 and 6-8, a first embodiment of a rotary tool comprising a first embodiment of a tool body 1 as previously described and a first embodiment of a rotary insert 2 as previously described are depicted, which rotary insert 2 can be seen in Figures 1 and 8 mounted in an insert seat 37. In the mounted position, the insert interface 18 and the tool interface 37 are engaged and mated. Each ridge 20 of the tool interface 37 is received in one of the respective grooves 21 of one of the mating ones of the insert interface 18. The central pair of majors 22 of the mating flanks of the insert interface 18 forming the central groove 23 are received between the central pair of majors 22 of the mating flanks of the tool interface 41 forming the central ridge 43 of the ridges 20. This is the only position in which the insert interface 18 can mate with the tool interface 41.
[0069] The rotating insert 2 is clamped between the clamping body 35 and the basic body 34 in the insert seat 37. A clamping screw 44 extends through a through hole in the clamping body 35 and is screwed into a threaded hole in the basic body 34. The clamping screw is tightened such that the clamping body 35 is pressed against the basic body 34, and the rotating insert 2 is held firmly in the insert seat 37.
[0070] According to other embodiments, other methods may be used to securely hold the rotating insert in the insert seat, such as using a structure with a clamping body in the form of a separable component or a portion of a claw that holds the insert by tension without the need for bolts or screws.
[0071] 9 to 15, a second embodiment of a turning insert 2 according to the present invention is depicted. The second embodiment has most features in common with the first embodiment and differs therefrom mainly in having only the first cutting head 5 at the front end 3 and in its overall shape.
[0072] The support 7 extends rearwards from the rear end of the first cutting head 5 to the rear end 4, which is also the rear end of the turning insert 2 itself. The support 7 has the overall shape of a curved rectangular parallelepiped, or in other words, an arch-shaped segment. The support 7 has a longitudinal axis 8 which runs from the front end 3 to the rear end 4 and coincides with the longitudinal axis of the first cutting head 5. The first cutting head 5 is provided with a cutting edge 11, the rake face 9 and the flank face 10 of which correspond to those of the first cutting head 5 of the first embodiment described above.
[0073] The support 7 comprises an upper surface 14, a lower surface 15, a first lateral side 16 and a second lateral side 17, all of which extend longitudinally rearward from the first cutting head 5. The first lateral side 16 and the second lateral side 17 are connected along their respective longitudinal edges to the upper surface 14 and the lower surface 15. The lateral sides 16, 17 are parallel planar surfaces facing in opposite lateral directions.
[0074] The upper surface 14 and the lower surface 15 extend on opposite sides of the support and face away from each other. The upper surface 14 comprises three angled partial surfaces 14a, 14b, 14c which extend in planes angled relative to each other. The lower surface 15 is a concavely curved surface.
[0075] One respective insert interface 18 is provided on the upper surface 14 and on the lower surface 15 of the support 7. Each insert interface 18 comprises a set of mating flanks 19, 22 forming alternating parallel and linear ridges 20 and grooves 21. The ridges 20 and grooves 21 extend longitudinally from their front end to their rear end and rearward in a length direction that is a direction that follows the corresponding surfaces 14, 15. The ridges 20 and grooves 21 thus extend longitudinally and are linear as seen in the top view. As seen in a side view perpendicular to one of the lateral sides, the ridges 20 and grooves 21 of the insert interface 18 of the upper surface 14 comprise partial areas that are angled and each parallel to a respective one of the angled partial surfaces 14a, 14b, 14c. Correspondingly, as seen in the side view, the ridges 20 and grooves 21 of the insert interface 18 of the lower surface 15 follow the concavely curved shape of the lower surface. Thereby, the longitudinal orientation of the ridges and grooves is different at different longitudinal positions.
[0076] At any location along the longitudinal axis 8, in a cross section perpendicular to the lengthwise direction, the axis that is perpendicular to both the longitudinal axis 8 and the transverse axis 25 is the depth axis 27. As can be seen in FIG. 13, the depth direction 27 is different at different longitudinal locations. As seen in a cross section perpendicular to the lengthwise direction at any longitudinal location, the depth direction 27 corresponds to the direction measuring the amplitude of the wavy curve formed by the outer contours of the alternating ridges 20 and grooves 21. While the cross sections have different slopes about the transverse axis at different longitudinal locations, the plane of any cross section perpendicular to the lengthwise direction comprises the transverse axis 25 and the depth axis 27.
[0077] FIG. 14 shows a rotation insert according to the second embodiment when viewed in cross section perpendicular to its length, in which the contours of the ridges 20 and grooves 21 of the insert interface 18 at the part surface 14b can be seen.
[0078] FIG. 15 shows a rotation insert according to the second embodiment when viewed in cross section perpendicular to its length, where the contours of the ridges 20 and grooves 21 of the insert interface 18 at the lower surface 15 can be seen.
[0079] As seen in the views of Figures 14 and 15, both of the insert interfaces 18 have corresponding features. The main pair 22 of mating flanks forms a central groove 23 of the grooves 21. The secondary pair 19 of mating flanks forms one groove on either side of the central groove 23. The shape and measurements of the mating flanks 19, 22 of the second embodiment are the same as the corresponding mating flanks 19, 22 of the first embodiment.
Claims
1. A turning insert having an insert body for cutting a metal workpiece by grooving or parting, the insert body comprising: a first cutting head (5) at a front end and a support (7) extending rearward from said first cutting head (5), said support (7) having a longitudinal axis (8) extending rearward from said first cutting head (5); The support (7) is an upper surface (14) and a lower surface (15) each extending longitudinally rearward from said cutting head; a first lateral side surface (16) and a second lateral side surface (17), both of which extend longitudinally rearward from the first cutting head (5) along respective lateral sides of the support body (7) and are connected to the upper surface (14) and the lower surface (15) along their respective longitudinal edges; Equipped with Both the upper surface (14) and the lower surface (15) each have one insert interface surface (18) that mates with one of two tool interface surfaces (41) when the rotation insert is received in an insert seat (37) in the tool body (1); Each insert interface (18) comprises a set of mating flanks (19, 22) defining alternating, parallel, linear, rearwardly extending ridges (20) and grooves (21), said ridges (20) and grooves (21) extending longitudinally; Each meshing flank (19, 22) of each set of meshing flanks extends from the outer crest (26) of the associated ridge (20) to the inner bottom (24) of the associated groove (21); each set of meshing tooth flanks (19, 22) comprises a central main pair (22) of meshing tooth flanks consisting of a first meshing tooth flank on each lateral side of said longitudinal axis (8); When viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, the outer contours of the alternating ridges (20) and grooves (21) form a wave-like curve having an amplitude in a depth direction (27), each of the meshing tooth flanks (19, 22) having a depth (31) measured in the depth direction (27), the central major pair (22) of meshing tooth flanks having the same depth (31) at least along a major portion of their extension in the longitudinal direction. In the rotating insert, 1. A turning insert, characterized in that, when viewed in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, at least along a major part of the extension in the longitudinal direction of the meshing tooth flanks (19, 22), the depth (31) of a central major pair (22) of the meshing tooth flanks is greater than the depth (31) of all other meshing tooth flanks (19) of the same insert interface (18).
2. each set of longitudinally extending meshing tooth flanks (19, 22) on both lateral sides of said central main pair of meshing tooth flanks (22) comprises several auxiliary pairs of meshing tooth flanks (19); Both meshing flanks (19) of each complementary pair (19) of meshing flanks have the same depth (31); 2. The turning insert according to claim 1, wherein each of the auxiliary pairs of mating tooth flanks has a depth that is at most 1 / 3 of the depth (30) of the central main pair (22) of mating tooth flanks.
3. 3. A turning insert according to claim 1 or 2, wherein for each of the auxiliary pairs of meshing tooth flanks (19), the depth (31) decreases laterally outward from the central main pair (22).
4. 2. The turning insert according to claim 1, wherein the depth (31) of the central major pair (22) of the meshing tooth flanks is 0.4 to 0.8 mm.
5. 2. The turning insert of claim 1, wherein the ridges (20) and grooves (21) of each insert interface comprise a laterally outermost ridge (20) on each lateral side and at least two inner ridges (20) between the laterally outermost ridges (20), and the crests (26) of all ridges (20) have the same distance (30) to the upper surface (14) in the depth direction (27).
6. 2. The turning insert according to claim 1, wherein the ridges (20) and grooves (21) are longitudinal.
7. When viewed in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, Laterally inward of each lateral side surface (16, 17), the longitudinal ridges (20) and grooves (21) of each insert interface (18) each have an extreme point (28) formed by either a peak (26) or a bottom (24); 7. The turning insert according to claim 6, wherein the laterally outermost extreme point (28) has a distance (29) to the nearest lateral side surface (16, 17) that is at least 40% of the distance (32) from the laterally outermost extreme point (28) to the laterally inward adjacent extreme point (28), as measured in the lateral direction (25).
8. When viewed in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, Laterally inward of each lateral side surface (16, 17), the alternating ridges (20) and grooves (21) of each insert interface (18) each have an extreme point (28) with either a peak (26) or a bottom (24); 8. The turning insert according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the laterally outermost extreme point (28) has a distance (29) to the nearest lateral side surface (16, 17) that is at most 60% of the distance (32) from the laterally outermost extreme point (28) to the laterally inner adjacent extreme point (28), when measured in the lateral direction (25).
9. 2. The turning insert according to claim 1, wherein the first cutting head (5) is provided with a transversely extending cutting edge (11) and has a maximum transverse cutting length (42) of 2 to 6 mm.
10. 2. The turning insert according to claim 1, wherein, when viewed in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, each of the mating tooth flanks (19, 22) has, at a midpoint (33) halfway through the depth (31), a tangent that forms an angle α with an axis extending in the depth direction (27), the angle α being between 25° and 35°.
11. 11. A turning insert according to claim 10, wherein the angle α of the central major pair of meshing flanks (22) is greater than the angle of all other meshing flanks (19) of the same insert interface (18).
12. The turning insert according to claim 1 , wherein the central major pair of mating flanks forms a central one of the grooves.
13. The turning insert of claim 1 , further comprising a second cutting head at a rear end, the support extending in the longitudinal direction from the first cutting head to the second cutting head.
14. 2. A rotary tool body for holding a rotary insert according to claim 1, wherein the rotary tool body comprises an insert seat for receiving the rotary insert, the insert seat extending longitudinally rearward from an opening in the front end (36), the insert seat comprising: an upper surface (39) extending longitudinally rearward from the opening at the front end (36); a lower surface (38) extending rearward from the opening at the front end (36) and facing the upper surface (39); Equipped with Both the upper surface (39) and the lower surface (38) each have one tool interface surface (41) that mates with one of the two insert interface surfaces (18) when the turning insert is received in the insert seat (37); each tool interface (41) comprising a set of mating flanks (19, 22) forming alternating ridges (20) and grooves (21), said ridges (20) and said grooves (21) extending in a longitudinal direction; Each meshing flank (19, 22) of each set of meshing flanks extends from the outer crest (26) of the associated ridge (20) to the inner bottom (24) of the associated groove (21); each set of meshing tooth flanks (19, 22) comprises a central main pair (22) of meshing tooth flanks consisting of a first meshing tooth flank on each lateral side of said longitudinal axis (8); When viewed in a cross section perpendicular to said length direction, the outer contours of the alternating ridges (20) and grooves (21) form a wave-like curve having an amplitude in a depth direction (27), each of the meshing tooth flanks (19, 22) having a depth (31) measured in said depth direction (27), the central major pair (22) of meshing tooth flanks having the same depth (31) at least along a major portion of their extension in said length direction (27). In the rotary tool body, 1. A rotary tool body, characterized in that, when viewed in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, at least along a major portion of the extension in the longitudinal direction of the meshing tooth flanks (19, 22), the depth (31) of a central major pair (22) of the meshing tooth flanks is greater than the depth (31) of all other meshing tooth flanks (19) of the same tool interface (41).
15. A rotary tool for cutting metal workpieces by grooving or parting, comprising the rotary tool body of claim 14 and the rotary insert of claim 1, a central major pair of mating tooth flanks and a secondary pair of mating tooth flanks at the insert interface define one of the longitudinal ridges and grooves; a central major pair of meshing tooth surfaces and a secondary pair of meshing tooth surfaces at the tool interface form the other of the longitudinal ridges and grooves; The rotary insert is received in the insert seat such that both of the insert interface surfaces mate with respective ones of the two tool interface surfaces, and all ridges are received in one respective groove.
16. 16. The rotary tool of claim 15, wherein all adjacent meshing flanks of the ridges and grooves have a point of contact.