Spherical astigmatism corrective contact lenses

Abstract

Contact lenses for the treatment of refractive errors, particularly astigmatism, are provided. An exemplary lens includes a soft, continuous lens body configured to cover the corneal surface. The lens body has a posterior surface that floats on the corneal surface, forming a free volume thereon, and at least one discrete discontinuity. The free volume can be configured to be filled with tear fluid, forming a tear lens on the corneal surface to correct ocular refractive errors. The discrete discontinuity can allow a portion of the lens body to conform to the meridian of the eye without substantially distorting the optic zone of the lens body. The discrete discontinuity can allow tear fluid to flow into and out of the free volume to form the tear lens. Optical correction is provided by the combination of the optic zone of the lens body and the tear lens.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 377,712, filed September 29, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventional contact lenses and therapeutic coverings may be less than ideal in at least some cases. Individuals with irregular or aspheric corneas, such as astigmatism, require contact lenses that correct refractive errors in at least two meridians. Additionally, individuals with refractive errors who wear contact lenses may have many different front surface optical powers. The optical powers in each meridian, the angle between meridians, and / or the diameter at which the optical power difference occurs often vary from individual to individual. Current solutions to treating such corneal irregularities rely on contact lenses with multiple base curves and the ability to align and / or rotate the lens to the wearer's specific astigmatic axis by relying on structural elements, such as prism ballasts and dynamic stabilization elements. Such lenses are commonly known as toric lenses. However, toric lenses typically require the manufacture of multiple lenses for each power difference and angle between meridians. It is generally assumed that opposing meridians have relatively similar curvatures and that deviations of ±5 degrees are usually not very noticeable, so with 10 degree axis steps, 18 lenses per spherical and cylindrical combination are typically required to cover the range of astigmatism a patient may have. Therefore, a solution is needed to reduce the number of different contact lenses that need to be manufactured and stored. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present disclosure is generally directed to eye treatments for providing vision and visual acuity improvement. While specific reference is made to vision corrective coverings such as soft contact lenses, embodiments of the present disclosure may include additional uses and applications, such as correcting refractive errors of the eye, such as astigmatism.

[0004] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a soft contact lens for correcting ocular refractive error of an eye. In some embodiments, the soft contact lens includes a soft continuous lens body configured to cover a corneal surface of the eye. In some embodiments, the soft continuous lens body has an anterior surface, a posterior surface, and at least one discontinuity. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the posterior surface of the soft continuous lens body is configured to float above the corneal surface of the eye when placed thereon, forming a free volume between the posterior surface of the soft continuous lens body and the corneal surface. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the free volume is configured to be filled with a fluid to form a tear lens on the corneal surface to correct ocular refractive error of the eye.

[0005] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the soft continuous lens body floats further above the corneal surface compared to another portion of the soft continuous lens body, hi some embodiments, at least a portion of the soft continuous lens body floats above the corneal surface and another portion of the soft continuous lens body conforms to the corneal surface.

[0006] At least a portion of the soft continuous lens body may include a first portion of the soft continuous lens body that floats above the corneal surface and a different second portion of the soft continuous lens body that floats further, closer, or at the same height above the corneal surface as the first portion of the soft continuous lens body.

[0007] In some embodiments, the soft continuous lens body has a uniform Young's modulus. In some embodiments, the soft continuous lens body has a Young's modulus of about 0.1 megapascals ("MPa") to about 4 MPa.

[0008] In some embodiments, the ocular refractive error results from one or more of corneal irregularities, coma, astigmatism, or higher order aberrations of the eye. In some embodiments, the ocular refractive error is astigmatism of the eye.

[0009] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides soft contact lenses for correcting astigmatism in an eye. In some embodiments, the soft contact lens includes a soft continuous lens body configured to cover a corneal surface of an eye. In some embodiments, the soft continuous lens body has an anterior surface, a posterior surface, and at least one discontinuity. In some embodiments, the soft continuous lens body has a uniform Young's modulus of about 0.1 MPa to about 4 MPa. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the posterior surface of the soft continuous lens body is configured to float above the corneal surface of the eye when placed thereon, forming a free volume between the posterior surface of the soft continuous lens body and the corneal surface. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the free volume is configured to fill with a fluid to form a tear lens on the corneal surface to correct astigmatism in the eye.

[0010] In some embodiments, the anterior surface of the soft continuous lens body is axisymmetric. In some embodiments, the anterior surface comprises an anterior curvature profile. In some embodiments, the anterior curvature profile is axisymmetric. In some embodiments, the posterior surface of the soft continuous lens body is axisymmetric. In some embodiments, the posterior surface comprises a posterior curvature profile. In some embodiments, the posterior curvature profile is axisymmetric. In some embodiments, the soft continuous lens body further comprises a lens volume. In some embodiments, the lens volume is axisymmetric. In some embodiments, the lens does not provide a cylindrical optical power when in a neutral state. In some embodiments, the lens corrects ocular refractive error or optical aberrations of the eye when placed on the eye, regardless of the orientation of the lens relative to the eye's meridian. In some embodiments, the lens corrects ocular refractive error or optical aberrations without rotationally fitting to the eye. In some embodiments, the optical aberration of the eye is a first-order aberration or spherical aberration. In some embodiments, the optical aberration of the eye is a second-order aberration or cylindrical aberration. In some embodiments, the optical aberration is a third-order aberration or coma.

[0011] In some embodiments, the lens is made of a single material. In some embodiments, the lens is made of a single material that has the same mechanical properties throughout. In some embodiments, the lens is made of a single polymeric material. In some embodiments, the lens is made of a hydrogel, a silicone hydrogel, or a silicone. In some embodiments, the lens is made of a single material selected from diacetone acrylamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, N-carboxyl vinyl ester, N-vinylpyrrolidone, poly[dimethylsiloxy]di[silibutanol]bis[vinylcarbamate], phosphorylcholine, tris-(trimethylsiloxysilyl)propyl vinylcarbamate, tris-(hydroxylmethyl)aminomethane, siloxane, or polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0012] In some embodiments, the soft continuous lens body has a viscosity of about 1.25E+04 megapascals*micrometers to the power of 3 (MPa*μm 3 ) ~ approx. 5.00E+08MPa*μm 3 The stiffness range is

[0013] In some embodiments, the soft continuous lens body includes one or more optic zones and / or one or more non-optic zones. In some embodiments, the one or more optic zones are each independently defined by the ratio of the radius of curvature of the posterior surface to the radius of curvature of the anterior surface. In some embodiments, the one or more optic zones each independently provide a different optical power to the eye. In some embodiments, the one or more optic zones are multiple optic zones. In some embodiments, the one or more optic zones are simultaneous or segmented. In some embodiments, the one or more simultaneous optic zones are either concentric (concentric circles with varying curvature) or aspheric (having a curvature that varies across the surface of the lens rather than a uniform spherical shape).

[0014] In some embodiments, the lens is a bifocal or multifocal lens.

[0015] In some embodiments, the diameter of one or more optic zones is between about 4 millimeters (mm) and about 10 mm, hi some embodiments, the diameter of one or more optic zones is between about 6 mm and about 9 mm.

[0016] In some embodiments, the radius of curvature of the posterior surface of one or more optical zones is about 7 mm to about 9 mm. In some embodiments, the radius of curvature of the anterior surface of one or more optical zones is about 5.5 mm to about 11.5 mm. In some embodiments, the ratio of the posterior and anterior radii of curvature of one or more optical zones is about 3:5 to about 2:1.

[0017] In some embodiments, the soft continuous lens body has a uniform thickness throughout the optical zone. In some embodiments, the soft continuous lens body has a non-uniform thickness throughout the optical zone. In some embodiments, the thickness of the soft continuous lens body in the optical zone is from about 50 micrometers (μm) to about 500 μm. In some embodiments, the soft continuous lens body further comprises an axisymmetric lens volume.

[0018] In some embodiments, the non-optical zone has a diameter of about 2 mm to about 16 mm, hi some embodiments, the optic zone has a diameter of about 0 mm to about 10 mm.

[0019] In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity is located in the optic zone. In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity is located in the non-optic zone. In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity is located in both the optic zone and the non-optic zone. In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity is located on the anterior surface of the lens. In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity is located on the posterior surface of the lens. In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity is located on both the anterior and posterior surfaces. In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity is a channel, a fenestration, a groove, an opening, a slit, a thinned portion, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity is a channel. In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity is a channel further configured to allow liquid to flow into and out of the free volume. In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity is a groove. In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity is a groove further configured to reduce mechanical strain on the continuous lens body. In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity is a fenestration. In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity is a fenestration further configured to allow fluid to flow into and out of the free volume. In some embodiments, the fenestration is configured to allow fluid to flow into and out of the free volume indirectly by connecting through a channel. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the soft continuous lens body is configured to conform to the corneal surface of the eye to form a deformation of the continuous lens body. In some embodiments, at least one discontinuity is further configured to substantially prevent transmission of the deformation to a non-conforming portion of the soft continuous lens body.

[0020] In some embodiments, the lens has no protrusions extending from the posterior surface.

[0021] In some embodiments, the lens has a diameter of about 8 mm to about 17 mm.

[0022] In some embodiments, the free volume between the posterior surface of the soft continuous lens body and the corneal surface has a total volume of between about 0.001 microliters (“μL”) and 10 μL.

[0023] In some embodiments, at least one sector of the soft continuous lens body from the center of the soft continuous lens body to the periphery of the soft continuous lens body is configured to float above the corneal surface to form at least a portion of the free volume when the continuous lens body is placed on the corneal surface, hi some embodiments, any of the at least one sector of the soft continuous lens body can float above the corneal surface to form at least a portion of the free volume when the continuous lens body is placed on the corneal surface.

[0024] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for correcting ocular refractive error of an eye using a soft contact lens of the present disclosure.

[0025] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for forming a tear lens using the soft contact lens of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, by applying the soft contact lens of the present disclosure to an eye, a tear lens is formed with an asymmetric volume distribution. In some embodiments, the asymmetric volume distribution corrects one or more of corneal irregularities, coma, astigmatism, or higher-order aberrations of the eye. In some embodiments, in the asymmetric volume distribution, the volume of a first tear lens sector is different from the volume of a second tear lens sector located directly opposite the first tear lens sector. In some embodiments, the difference in volume between the first tear lens sector and the second tear lens sector corrects coma of the eye.

[0026] The ability of the soft contact lenses described herein to mask astigmatism and coma provides advantages over many commercially available astigmatism-masking toric contact lenses. Such toric lenses may provide different refractive powers between vertical and horizontal planes, but may not provide different refractive powers within the same vertical or horizontal plane. In contrast, the soft contact lenses provided herein may have multiple sectors, and the tear lens volume under each sector may be different, and the combination of each sector and the tear lens portion immediately behind each sector may provide different refractive powers. As discussed further herein, the soft contact lenses described herein can mask astigmatism and coma regardless of rotational orientation, whereas such toric lenses must be worn in a specific rotational orientation to mask astigmatism.

[0027] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for correcting ocular refractive error of an eye, comprising providing optical correction to a subject's eye using an optic zone of a soft contact lens and a free volume between the posterior surface of the lens and the corneal surface when placed on the eye. In some embodiments, at least one discontinuity in the soft contact lens allows tear fluid to enter the free volume to form a tear lens over the ocular error to correct the ocular refractive error of the eye.

[0028] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for forming a tear lens, comprising applying a soft contact lens having a continuum to an eye such that a free volume is formed between the posterior surface of the continuum and the corneal surface of the eye. In some embodiments, at least one discontinuity in the soft contact lens allows tear fluid to enter the free volume to form a tear lens over an ocular anomaly to correct ocular refractive error of the eye.

[0029] In some embodiments, the soft contact lens is applied to the eye in any orientation such that the lens corrects the ocular refractive error of the eye regardless of the orientation of the lens relative to the eye's meridian.

[0030] In some embodiments, the soft contact lenses have a viscosity of about 1.25E+04 MPa*μm 3 ~approx. 5.00E+08MPa*μm 3 The stiffness range is

[0031] In some embodiments, the ocular refractive error results from one or more of corneal irregularities, coma, astigmatism, or higher order aberrations of the eye.

[0032] In some embodiments, the ocular refractive error is ocular astigmatism.

[0033] In some embodiments, one or both of the anterior surface of the lens or the posterior surface of the lens is axisymmetric.

[0034] In some embodiments, the optic zone of the lens has a uniform thickness.

[0035] In some embodiments, the optic zone of the lens has a non-uniform thickness.

[0036] In some embodiments, the soft contact lenses are made of a single material.

[0037] Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, wherein only illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure are shown and described. As will be realized, the present disclosure is capable of other and different embodiments, and its several details are capable of modifications in various obvious respects, all without departing from the present disclosure. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive. Incorporation by Reference

[0038] All publications, patents, and patent applications mentioned herein are incorporated by reference herein to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent, or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. To the extent that the publications and patents or patent applications incorporated by reference conflict with the disclosure contained herein, the present specification supersedes and / or takes precedence over any such conflicting material.

[0039] The novel features of the present disclosure are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. A better understanding of the features and advantages of the present disclosure will be obtained by reference to the following detailed description that sets forth illustrative embodiments, in which the principles of the disclosure are utilized, and the accompanying drawings (also referred to herein as "Figure" and "FIG"), in which: [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0040] [Figure 1A] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having multiple fenestrations and positioned or resting on the corneal surface of an eye. [Figure 1B] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having multiple fenestrations and positioned or resting on the corneal surface of an eye. [Figure 2A] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having a circumferential groove and positioned or resting on the corneal surface of an eye. [Figure 2B] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having a circumferential groove and positioned or resting on the corneal surface of an eye. [Figure 3A] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having a circumferential groove and multiple fenestrations and positioned or resting on the corneal surface of an eye. [Figure 3B]FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having a circumferential groove and multiple fenestrations and positioned or resting on the corneal surface of an eye. [Figure 4A] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having a plurality of radial channels and positioned or resting on the corneal surface of an eye. [Figure 4B] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having a plurality of radial channels and positioned or resting on the corneal surface of an eye. [Figure 5A] FIG. 1 shows a top perspective view of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure, according to some embodiments. [Figure 5B] FIG. 1 shows a top perspective view of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure, according to some embodiments. [Figure 6] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary soft contact lens, according to some embodiments. [Figure 7A] Each shows a comparison of the topography of a naked eye with astigmatism and the topography of the same eye wearing an exemplary astigmatism-correcting soft contact lens of the present disclosure. [Figure 7B] Each shows a comparison of the topography of a naked eye with astigmatism and the topography of the same eye wearing an exemplary astigmatism-correcting soft contact lens of the present disclosure. [Figure 8A] FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having a smoothed transition zone, illustrating the relationship between the smooth transition of different curvatures of the soft contact lens and the relationship between the radius of the transition curve and the width of the transition. [Figure 8B] FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having a smoothed transition zone, illustrating the relationship between the smooth transition of different curvatures of the soft contact lens and the relationship between the radius of the transition curve and the width of the transition. [Figure 8C]FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having a smoothed transition zone, illustrating the relationship between the smooth transition of different curvatures of the soft contact lens and the relationship between the radius of the transition curve and the width of the transition. [Figure 8D] FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having a smoothed transition zone, illustrating the relationship between the smooth transition of different curvatures of the soft contact lens and the relationship between the radius of the transition curve and the width of the transition. [Figure 8E] FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having a smoothed transition zone, illustrating the relationship between the smooth transition of different curvatures of the soft contact lens and the relationship between the radius of the transition curve and the width of the transition. [Figure 9A] 1 shows a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having wavy grooves, the view showing the structure of the wavy grooves in relation to the lens curvature and the posterior surface of the lens. [Figure 9B] 1 shows a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having wavy grooves, the view showing the structure of the wavy grooves in relation to the lens curvature and the posterior surface of the lens. [Figure 9C] 1 shows a cross-sectional side view of one embodiment of a soft contact lens of the present disclosure having wavy grooves, the view showing the structure of the wavy grooves in relation to the lens curvature and the posterior surface of the lens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0041] In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings, like symbols generally refer to like elements unless context dictates otherwise. The illustrative embodiments described in the detailed description, drawings, and claims are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments may be utilized, and other changes may be made, without departing from the scope of the subject matter presented herein. It will be readily understood that aspects of the present disclosure, as generally described herein and illustrated in the figures, can be arranged, substituted, combined, separated, and designed in a wide variety of different configurations, all of which are expressly contemplated herein.

[0042] Although specific embodiments and examples are disclosed below, the inventive subject matter extends beyond the specifically disclosed embodiments to other alternative embodiments and / or uses, as well as modifications and equivalents thereof. Accordingly, the claims appended hereto are not limited by any of the specific embodiments described below. For example, in any method or process disclosed herein, the acts or operations of the method or process may be performed in any suitable order and are not necessarily limited to any particular disclosed order. Various operations may be described in sequence as multiple separate operations, in a manner that may be helpful in understanding some embodiments, but the order of description should not be construed to imply that these operations are order-dependent. Additionally, the structures, systems, and / or devices described herein may be embodied as integrated components or as separate components.

[0043] For purposes of comparing various embodiments, certain aspects and advantages of these embodiments are described. Not necessarily all such aspects or advantages are achieved by any particular embodiment. Thus, for example, various embodiments may be implemented in a manner that achieves or optimizes one advantage or advantages as taught herein, without necessarily achieving other aspects or advantages as may be taught or suggested herein.

[0044] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. References to "or" herein are intended to encompass "and / or" unless otherwise stated. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," as used herein, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items and may be abbreviated as " / ."

[0045] Spatially relative terms such as "below," "lower," "lower side," "above," "top," and the like may be used herein for ease of description to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another, as shown in the figures. It will be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device during use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures were inverted, an element described as "below" or "directly below" another element or feature would be oriented "above" that other element or feature. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. A device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or rotated in other directions), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein may be interpreted accordingly. Similarly, terms such as "upward," "downward," "vertical," "horizontal," and the like are used herein for descriptive purposes only, unless otherwise specified.

[0046] The terms "first" and "second" may be used herein to describe various features / elements (including steps), but these features / elements are not intended to be limited by these terms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. These terms may be used to distinguish one feature / element from another. Thus, a first feature / element described below could be referred to as a second feature / element, and similarly, a second feature / element described below could be referred to as a first feature / element, without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.

[0047] Throughout this specification and the claims that follow, unless the context dictates otherwise, the word "comprise," and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising," mean that various components may be jointly employed in methods and articles (e.g., compositions and apparatuses, including devices and methods). For example, the term "comprising" is understood to mean the inclusion of any stated element or step, but not the exclusion of any other element or step.

[0048] Whenever the term "at least," "greater than," or "greater than or equal to" appears before the first number in a series of two or more numbers, the term "at least," "greater than," or "greater than or equal to" applies to each number in the series. For example, 1, 2, or 3 or more is equivalent to 1 or more, 2 or more, and 3 or more.

[0049] When the term "less than", "less than", "less than", or "up to" appears before the first number in a series of two or more numbers, the term "less than", "less than", "less than", or "up to" applies to each number in the series. For example, 3, 2, or 1 or less is equivalent to 3 or less, 2 or less, and 1 or less.

[0050] Where numerical values ​​are described as ranges, such disclosure will be understood to also include disclosure of all possible subranges within such ranges as well as specific numerical values ​​within such ranges, whether or not a specific numerical value or specific subrange is explicitly recited.

[0051] As used in this specification and claims, including in the examples, unless expressly specified otherwise, all numerical values ​​can be read as if preceded by the word "about" or "approximately," even if that term does not explicitly appear. When describing a size and / or location, the phrase "about" or "approximately" can be used to indicate that the stated value and / or location is within a reasonably expected range of values ​​and / or locations. For example, a numerical value may have a value of ±0.1% of the stated value (or range of values), ±1% of the stated value (or range of values), ±2% of the stated value (or range of values), ±5% of the stated value (or range of values), ±10% of the stated value (or range of values), etc. Additionally, any numerical value given herein should be understood to include approximately that value unless the context dictates otherwise. For example, if a value of "10" is disclosed, "about 10" is also disclosed. Any numerical range described herein is intended to include all subranges subsumed therein. It is also understood that when a value is disclosed, "less than or equal to" that value, "greater than or equal to" that value, and possible ranges between values ​​are also disclosed, as would be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art. For example, if a value "X" is disclosed, "less than or equal to X" as well as "greater than or equal to X" (e.g., if X is a numeric value) are also disclosed. It is also understood that throughout the application, data is provided in many different formats, and that this data represents endpoints and starting points, and ranges for any combination of the data points. For example, if a specific data point "10" and a specific data point "15" are disclosed, it is understood that greater than 10, greater than or equal to 10, less than 10, less than or equal to 10, 10 and 15, and between 10 and 15 are considered to be disclosed. It is also understood that each unit between two specified units is also disclosed. For example, if 10 and 15 are disclosed, then 11, 12, 13, and 14 are also disclosed.

[0052] Many of the features of the present disclosure are described in relation to the anatomical structure of a subject's eye. The eye includes multiple tissues that enable the subject to see. The subject may be an animal. The subject may be a human, such as a patient. The cornea is the anterior region of the eye, which is transparent in a healthy eye and refracts light to form an image on the retina. The retina is the posterior region of the eye, which senses light from the image formed on the retina and transmits signals from the image to the brain. The cornea includes an outer layer of tissue, called the epithelium, which protects the underlying tissues, such as Bowman's membrane, stroma, and nerve fibers extending to the stroma and Bowman's membrane. A healthy eye includes a tear film that covers the epithelium. The tear film smooths out minor irregularities in the epithelium to provide an optically smooth surface. The tear film is substantially formed by the underlying epithelium, stroma, and, if present, Bowman's membrane. The tear film includes a fluid that is mostly water but also includes additional components such as mucoids and lipids. The cornea's many nerve fibers provide sensation, facilitating blinking, which can coat the cornea with a tear film. Because nerve fibers also sense pain, subjects typically avoid trauma to the cornea and also avoid direct contact of objects with the cornea.

[0053] The embodiments described herein can be used to treat the eye in many ways using one or more coverings. The coverings can include contact lenses. The coverings can be soft contact lenses. The coverings and / or contact lenses can mask astigmatism and can be used to treat it. Such contact lenses can include one or more astigmatism-masking contact lenses. Contact lenses can come in various versions. The coverings can include one or more soft lenses that fit normally. In some cases, contact lenses can be used for long-term vision correction through extended wear. Contact lenses can be used to treat astigmatism. In other examples, the coverings and / or contact lenses can be used in conjunction with or after surgery to improve results and / or recovery.

[0054] Unlike toric soft contact lenses, which require stabilization to position the corrective cylinder on the proper axis, the lenses of the present disclosure generally do not require stabilization. Therefore, the lenses of the present disclosure may not have mechanisms for stabilizing the rotation of the lens relative to a particular cylinder of the eye. Furthermore, the lenses of the present disclosure may not have orientation features or indicators (e.g., off-color markings on or within the contact lens body, one or more notches around the periphery of the contact lens body, asymmetrical shapes of the contact lens body, etc.) for stabilizing the rotation of the lens relative to a particular cylinder of the eye. For example, the lenses of the present disclosure may not include a prismatic ballast (a thickness difference across the lens profile that determines the rotational orientation of the lens) or a periballast (i.e., a valvular flange). Furthermore, the lenses of the present disclosure may not have non-prismatic ballast features such as a thin zone, double slab-off, or dynamic stabilization.

[0055] In some embodiments, the soft contact lenses can correct or mask ocular refractive errors of the eye, which may include one or more of corneal irregularities, coma, astigmatism, or higher-order aberrations of the eye.

[0056] In some embodiments, the soft contact lenses can correct (i.e., mask) the ocular refractive error or aberration of the eye by at least about 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or more. In some embodiments, the optical aberration of the eye is a first-order aberration or spherical aberration. In some embodiments, the optical aberration of the eye is a second-order aberration or cylindrical aberration. In some embodiments, the optical aberration is a third-order aberration or coma.

[0057] In some embodiments, soft contact lenses can correct (i.e., mask) astigmatism by at least about 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or more. For example, soft contact lenses can mask astigmatism up to 1D. In some instances, soft contact lenses can also mask astigmatism up to 2D. In other instances, soft contact lenses can mask astigmatism up to 3D. Soft contact lenses can mask astigmatism by an amount within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values.

[0058] In some cases, correcting the ocular refractive error or aberration of the eye includes masking a diameter of 1 millimeter (mm), 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, 12 mm, or more of the corneal surface. In some examples, masking the ocular refractive error or aberration of the eye includes masking a diameter of about 12 mm, 11 mm, 10 mm, 9 mm, 8 mm, 7 mm, 6 mm, 5 mm, 4 mm, 3 mm, 2 mm, 1 mm, or less of the corneal surface. The ocular refractive error or aberration of the eye can have an area within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. For example, the ocular refractive error or aberration of the eye can have an area of ​​about 9 mm to about 8 mm of the central diameter of the cornea.

[0059] In some cases, correcting astigmatism involves masking a diameter of 1 millimeter (mm), 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, 12 mm, or more of the corneal surface. In some examples, masking astigmatism involves masking a diameter of about 12 mm, 11 mm, 10 mm, 9 mm, 8 mm, 7 mm, 6 mm, 5 mm, 4 mm, 3 mm, 2 mm, 1 mm, or less of the corneal surface. The astigmatism area can be within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. For example, the astigmatism area can be about 9 mm to about 8 mm of the central diameter of the cornea.

[0060] In some cases, soft contact lenses can reduce stock-keeping unit (SKU) requirements by at least about 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or more compared to soft toric contact lenses or other conventional contact lenses. In some cases, soft contact lenses can reduce SKU requirements by up to about 99%, 95%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, or less compared to soft toric contact lenses or other conventional contact lenses. For example, the soft contact lenses provided herein can reduce SKU requirements by up to about 95%. The contact lenses can reduce SKU requirements by an amount within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values.

[0061] In some embodiments, soft contact lenses may also reduce the amount of fitting or consultation time or visits required at an eye care professional until a final lens fit is determined.

[0062] Provided herein are soft contact lenses that can be used to correct ocular refractive error of an eye. The ocular refractive error can be astigmatism of the eye. FIGS. 1A-4B schematically illustrate cross-sectional side views of various exemplary soft contact lenses 120 positioned or placed on the corneal surface 110 of an eye 100. FIGS. 5A-5B illustrate a top-down three-dimensional ("3D") view of the soft contact lens 120. FIG. 6 illustrates a 3D cross-sectional side view of the soft contact lens 120 and a corresponding cross-sectional view showing its dimensions.

[0063] 1A-4B show side cross-sectional views of a covering 120 placed or positioned on a subject's eye 100. The covering 120 includes or can be a soft contact lens. The eye 100 includes a corneal surface 110 and a crystalline lens configured to form an image on a retina (not shown). The covering 120 can be configured to correct or mask astigmatism in the eye 100, for example. The covering can include a soft continuous lens body.

[0064] In some cases, contact lenses for correcting refractive error may have a continuum. In some cases, the continuum has no joints (e.g., living hinges). In some cases, the continuum includes a substantially uniform material, a substantially uniform stiffness, a substantially uniform tensile modulus, a substantially uniform tensile stress, or a substantially similar cross-sectional thickness at and near the transition, or a combination thereof. In some cases, the continuum refers to a lens with little or no difference in thickness, modulus, and / or stiffness at or near the transition. In some cases, the continuum refers to a lens with a substantially smooth surface along another axis or line from the center to the periphery of the lens.

[0065] The continuous lens body may include an anterior surface 130, a posterior surface 140, and at least one discrete discontinuity 150 on the soft continuous lens body. When the cover 120 is in a neutral configuration (e.g., when the cover 120 is not placed on any eye or other surface, e.g., when the cover 120 is placed and / or stored in contact lens solution), the anterior surface 130, the posterior surface 140, or both of the cover 120 may be axisymmetric. When the cover 120 is placed on the subject's eye 100, the anterior surface 130, the posterior surface 140, or both of the cover 120 may be rotationally symmetric. The anterior surface 130, the posterior surface 140, or both of the cover 120 may be rotationally symmetric, such that the cover 120 has the same radius of curvature throughout, regardless of the meridian of the eye, reducing the need for precise rotational stabilization or orientation of the cover 120. In some embodiments, the continuous lens body of cover 120 may further include a lens volume defined by the volume between anterior surface 130 and posterior surface 140. In some embodiments, the lens volume is axially symmetric. In some embodiments, the lens volume is rotationally symmetric.

[0066] At least a portion of the continuous lens body may be configured to accommodate astigmatism or higher-order aberrations. At least a portion of the continuous lens body may be configured to accommodate the meridians of the eye 100 such that there is negligible difference between the sphericity of the corneal surface 110 and the sphericity of the peripheral continuous body. For example, at least one sector of the soft continuous lens body from the center of the soft continuous lens body to the periphery of the soft continuous lens body is configured to float above the corneal surface 110 of the eye 100. At least a portion of the posterior surface 140 of the continuous lens body may be configured to float above the corneal surface 110 of the eye 100 to form a free volume 160 between the posterior surface 140 of the continuous lens body and the corneal surface 110. For example, any of the at least one sector of the soft continuous lens body may float above the corneal surface 110 to form at least a portion of the free volume 160 when the continuous lens body is placed on the corneal surface 110. At least a portion of the free volume 160 may be configured to be filled with a fluid, such as tears or artificial tears, to form a tear lens on the corneal surface 110 to correct ocular refractive error of the eye. At least a portion of the free volume 160 may be configured to be filled with a liquid to form a tear lens on the corneal surface 110 to correct astigmatism of the eye.

[0067] The continuous lens body of the cover 120 may include at least one discrete discontinuity 150 disposed on either the anterior surface 130, the posterior surface 140, or both. The at least one discrete discontinuity may span a given circumference of the cover 120, as shown in FIGS. 2A-2B. The at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may span only a discrete portion of a given circumference, as shown in FIGS. 1A-1B and 4A-4B. As shown in FIGS. 4A-4B, the at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be radially disposed (i.e., in a direction away from the center of the continuous lens body). The at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be disposed both circumferentially and radially (i.e., along some meridians, the at least one discrete discontinuity 150 is circumferentially disposed, and along some meridians, the at least one discrete discontinuity 150 is radially disposed). The at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be uniformly distributed around a given circumference of the continuum. The at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be non-uniformly distributed around a given circumference of the continuum. The at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may have a thickness different from that of the continuous lens body. The at least one discontinuity 150 may be a thinned portion of the continuous lens body, such as a single groove, multiple grooves, a single thinned region, multiple thinned regions, a single living hinge, multiple living hinges, a single partially cut segment, multiple partially cut segments, and / or one or more other mechanically weakened or cut segments. The thinned portion (i.e., groove) may reduce mechanical strain on the continuous lens body. Figures 2A-2B show one embodiment of a covering 120 of the present disclosure in which the at least one discontinuity 150 is a circumferential groove. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the continuous lens body is configured to conform to the corneal surface 110 to form a deformation of the continuous lens body. In some embodiments, the at least one discontinuity 150 is further configured to substantially prevent transmission of deformation to a non-conforming portion of the soft continuous lens body, such as, for example, the optic region of the continuous lens body.

[0068] The at least one discontinuity 150 may include a fenestration, a slit, an opening, a thinned portion, or any other feature or combination of features that causes a localized reduction in the stiffness of the cover 120, or any other manipulation of the cover material or its shape that reduces the transmission of forces between conforming and non-conforming portions of the continuous lens body. Figures 1A-1B illustrate one embodiment of the cover 120 of the present disclosure, in which the at least one discontinuity 150 is a plurality of fenestrations. The at least one discontinuity 150 may be a fenestration, a pool area, a radial channel, a circumferential channel, or a combination thereof that can facilitate fluid flow from the anterior surface 130 to the posterior surface 140. The at least one discontinuity 150 may be a fenestration, a pool area, a radial channel, a circumferential channel, or a combination thereof that can facilitate fluid flow from the periphery of the continuous lens body to the central area of ​​the continuous lens body. The at least one individual discontinuity 150 may allow fluid to flow into and out of the free volume 160. The at least one discontinuity 150 may traverse the continuous lens body in any direction. Figures 4A-4B show one embodiment of a cover 120 of the present disclosure, in which the at least one discontinuity 150 is a plurality of radial channels.

[0069] The at least one discontinuity 150 may have any cross-sectional shape, including square, rectangular, circular, semicircular, curved, triangular, or any other geometric shape. The at least one discontinuity 150 may define an area where ocular refractive error or optical aberration is masked or where ocular refractive error or optical aberration is reduced relative to the ocular refractive error or optical aberration of the cornea. The area of ​​ocular refractive error or optical aberration defined by the at least one discontinuity 150 may include ocular refractive error or optical aberration such as astigmatism or coma.

[0070] The continuous lens body of the cover 120 may include one or more optic regions and one or more non-optic regions. At least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be located away from the center of one or more of the optic regions. At least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be at least about 1 millimeter (mm), 1.2 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.8 mm, 2 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.8 mm, 3 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.4 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.8 mm, 4 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.4 mm, 4.6 mm, 4.8 mm, 5 mm, 5.2 mm, 5.4 mm, 5.6 mm, 5.8 mm, 6 mm, 6.2 mm, 6.4 mm, 6.6 mm, 6.8 mm, 7 mm, 7.2 mm, 7.4 mm, 7.6 mm, 7.8 mm, 8 mm, 8.2 mm, 8.4 mm, 8.6 mm, 8.8 mm, 9 mm, or more, away from the center of one or more optical regions of the continuous lens body. In some examples, at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be up to about 9 mm, 8.8 mm, 8.6 mm, 8.4 mm, 8.2 mm, 8 mm, 7.8 mm, 7.6 mm, 7.4 mm, 7.2 mm, 7 mm, 6.8 mm, 6.6 mm, 6.4 mm, 6.2 mm, 6 mm, 5.8 mm, 5.6 mm, 5.4 mm, 5.2 mm, 5 mm, 4.8 mm, 4.6 mm, 4.4 mm, 4.2 mm, 4 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.4 mm, 3.2 mm, 3 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.2 mm, 2 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.2 mm, 1 mm, or less, away from the center of one or more optical regions of the continuous lens body. The at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be located a distance away from the center of one or more optical zones that may be within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. For example, the at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be located from about 1 mm to about 9 mm away from the center of one or more optical zones of the continuous lens body. In one example, the at least one discrete discontinuity 150 is located from about 1 to 7 mm away from the center of one or more optical zones of the continuous lens body.

[0071] The portion of the posterior surface 140 that hovers over the corneal surface 110 forms a free volume 160. The free volume 160 may function as a chamber. The chamber may be configured to store a fluid, such as tears or artificial tears, that may keep the eye 100 or its surface moist and prevent the eye from drying out. A fluid-filled chamber may increase the comfort of the cover 120 during use. The free volume 160 may be configured to form a tear lens on the corneal surface 110. In some embodiments, the free volume 160 may provide optical power to a subject when placed on the eye 100. In some embodiments, the free volume 160 may not provide optical power when placed on the eye 100.

[0072] The free volume 160 between at least a portion of the posterior surface 140 and the corneal surface 110 can have a total volume of about 0.001 microliters (“μL”) to about 10 μL. The free volume 160 can have a total volume of at least about 0.001 μL, 0.002 μL, 0.003 μL, 0.004 μL, 0.005 μL, 0.006 μL, 0.007 μL, 0.008 μL, 0.009 μL, 0.01 μL, 0.02 μL, 0.04 μL, 0.06 μL, 0.08 μL, 0.1 μL, 0.3 μL, 0.6 μL, 0.9 μL, 1 μL, 2 μL, 3 μL, 4 μL, 5 μL, 6 μL, 7 μL, 8 μL, 9 μL, 10 μL, or any value therebetween. The free volume 160 can have a total volume of up to about 10 μL, 9 μL, 8 μL, 7 μL, 6 μL, 5 μL, 4 μL, 3 μL, 2 μL, 1 μL, 0.9 μL, 0.6 μL, 0.3 μL, 0.1 μL, 0.08 μL, 0.06 μL, 0.06 μL, 0.04 μL, 0.02 μL, 0.01 μL, 0.009 μL, 0.008 μL, 0.007 μL, 0.006 μL, 0.005 μL, 0.004 μL, 0.003 μL, 0.002 μL, 0.001 μL, or any value therebetween. The free volume 160 can have a total volume within a range defined by any two of the foregoing values.

[0073] 2A and 2B show perspective views of the cover 120. FIG. 5A shows the front surface 130 of the cover 120, and FIG. 5B shows the rear surface 140 of the cover 120. The cover 120 shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B may be substantially similar to any cover described herein. The continuous lens body 201 of the cover 120 may have at least one discrete discontinuity 150. The at least one discrete discontinuity may facilitate the inflow and outflow of fluid, such as tears or artificial tears, into and out of the free volume 160, such as when the eye 100 blinks. This may facilitate the formation of a tear film on the cover 120 (e.g., lens) and / or on the eye 100, making the cover 120 more comfortable for the wearer. Additionally, the free volume 160 may be filled with fluid that provides mechanical support to the arcuate regions of the continuous lens body 201 of the cover 120, potentially reducing the effective astigmatism of the eye 100.

[0074] The at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be located in any portion of the front surface 130 of the cover 120. The at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be at least about 3 millimeters (mm), 3.1 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.3 mm, 3.4 mm, 3.5 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.7 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.9 mm, 4 mm, 4.1 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.3 mm, 4.4 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.6 mm, 4.7 mm, 4.8 mm, 4.9 mm, 5 mm, 5.1 mm, 5.2 mm, 5.3 mm, 5.4 mm, 5.5 mm, 5.6 mm, 5.7 mm, 5.8 mm, 5.9 mm, The distance may be 6.0 mm, 6.1 mm, 6.2 mm, 6.3 mm, 6.4 mm, 6.5 mm, 6.6 mm, 6.7 mm, 6.8 mm, 6.9 mm, 7 mm, 7.1 mm, 7.2 mm, 7.3 mm, 7.4 mm, 7.5 mm, 7.6 mm, 7.7 mm, 7.8 mm, 7.9 mm, 8 mm, 8.1 mm, 8.2 mm, 8.3 mm, 8.4 mm, 8.5 mm, 8.6 mm, 8.7 mm, 8.8 mm, 8.9 mm, 9 mm, or more away from the center of the front surface 130 of the cover 120. In some examples, at least one discrete discontinuity 150 is at most about 9 mm, 8.9 mm, 8.8 mm, 8.7 mm, 8.6 mm, 8.5 mm, 8.4 mm, 8.3 mm, 8.2 mm, 8.1 mm, 8 mm, 7.9 mm, 7.8 mm, 7.7 mm, 7.6 mm, 7.5 mm, 7.4 mm, 7.3 mm, 7.2 mm, 7.1 mm, 7 mm, 6.9 mm, 6.8 mm, 6.7 mm, 6.6 mm, 6.5 mm, 6.4 mm, 6.3 mm, 6.2 mm, 6.1 mm, 6 mm , 5.9 mm, 5.8 mm, 5.7 mm, 5.6 mm, 5.5 mm, 5.4 mm, 5.3 mm, 5.2 mm, 5.1 mm, 5 mm, 4.9 mm, 4.8 mm, 4.7 mm, 4.6 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.4 mm, 4.3 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.1 mm, 4 mm, 3.9 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.7 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.5 mm, 3.4 mm, 3.3 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.1 mm, 3 mm, or less from the center of the front surface 130 of the cover 120. At least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be located a distance away from the center of the front surface 130 that may be within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values.For example, the at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be located about 3 mm to about 9 mm from the center of the front surface 130 of the cover 120. In one example, the at least one discrete discontinuity 150 is about 5 mm from the center of the front surface 130. In this example, the at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be about 1 mm to about 8 mm from the center of the front surface 130. For example, the at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be about 3 to 8 mm from the center of the front surface 130. The at least one discrete discontinuity may be located anywhere on both the front surface 130 and the rear surface 140.

[0075] The at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be located in any portion of the rear surface 140 of the cover 120. The at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be at least about 3 millimeters (mm), 3.1 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.3 mm, 3.4 mm, 3.5 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.7 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.9 mm, 4 mm, 4.1 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.3 mm, 4.4 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.6 mm, 4.7 mm, 4.8 mm, 4.9 mm, 5 mm, 5.1 mm, 5.2 mm, 5.3 mm, 5.4 mm, 5.5 mm, 5.6 mm, 5.7 mm, 5.8 mm, 5.9 mm, The distance from the center of the rear surface 140 of the cover 120 may be 6.0 mm, 6.1 mm, 6.2 mm, 6.3 mm, 6.4 mm, 6.5 mm, 6.6 mm, 6.7 mm, 6.8 mm, 6.9 mm, 7 mm, 7.1 mm, 7.2 mm, 7.3 mm, 7.4 mm, 7.5 mm, 7.6 mm, 7.7 mm, 7.8 mm, 7.9 mm, 8 mm, 8.1 mm, 8.2 mm, 8.3 mm, 8.4 mm, 8.5 mm, 8.6 mm, 8.7 mm, 8.8 mm, 8.9 mm, 9 mm, or more. In some examples, at least one discrete discontinuity 150 is at most about 9 mm, 8.9 mm, 8.8 mm, 8.7 mm, 8.6 mm, 8.5 mm, 8.4 mm, 8.3 mm, 8.2 mm, 8.1 mm, 8 mm, 7.9 mm, 7.8 mm, 7.7 mm, 7.6 mm, 7.5 mm, 7.4 mm, 7.3 mm, 7.2 mm, 7.1 mm, 7 mm, 6.9 mm, 6.8 mm, 6.7 mm, 6.6 mm, 6.5 mm, 6.4 mm, 6.3 mm, 6.2 mm, 6.1 mm, 6 mm , 5.9 mm, 5.8 mm, 5.7 mm, 5.6 mm, 5.5 mm, 5.4 mm, 5.3 mm, 5.2 mm, 5.1 mm, 5 mm, 4.9 mm, 4.8 mm, 4.7 mm, 4.6 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.4 mm, 4.3 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.1 mm, 4 mm, 3.9 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.7 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.5 mm, 3.4 mm, 3.3 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.1 mm, 3 mm, or less from the center of rear surface 140 of cover 120. At least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be located a distance away from the center of rear surface 140 that may be within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values.For example, the at least one discrete discontinuity 140 may be located about 3 mm to about 9 mm from the center of the rear surface 140 of the cover 120. In this example, the at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be about 1 mm to about 8 mm from the center of the rear surface 140. For example, the at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be about 3 to 8 mm from the center of the rear surface 140.

[0076] Locating the at least one individual discontinuity 150 away from the center of the anterior surface 130 or posterior surface 140 may help reduce potential optical artifacts that may be caused by the at least one individual discontinuity 150 in some cases.

[0077] In some examples, a characteristic dimension (such as length, width, height, or diameter) of at least one individual discontinuity 150 may be at least about 0.01 mm, 0.02 mm, 0.03 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.06 mm, 0.07 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, or more. In some examples, the characteristic dimension of at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be up to about 1 mm, 0.9 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.09 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.07 mm, 0.06 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.03 mm, 0.02 mm, 0.01 mm, or less. The characteristic dimension of at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. For example, the characteristic dimension of at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be within a range between about 0.01 mm and about 1 mm, between about 0.05 mm and about 1 mm, or between about 0.05 mm and about 0.5 mm. At least one discontinuity 150 may be non-uniform in shape and size. For example, cover 120 may include a plurality of radial channels having a characteristic length of about 0.1 mm to about 4 mm, further include a plurality of fenestrations having a characteristic diameter of about 0.01 mm to about 4 mm, and further include at least one circumferential groove having a characteristic width of about 0.01 mm to about 1 mm.

[0078] Dimensions of an exemplary cover are shown in Figures 5A-5B. At least one discrete discontinuity 150 of cover 120 may include a diameter 220 (e.g., the length between the outer diameter and inner diameter of at least one discrete discontinuity 150). Diameter 220 of at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be less than about 2000 micrometers (μm). In some examples, the diameter 220 of at least one individual discontinuity 150 may be up to about 2000 μm, 1900 μm, 1800 μm, 1700 μm, 1600 μm, 1500 μm, 1400 μm, 1300 μm, 1200 μm, 1100 μm, 1000 μm, 900 μm, 800 μm, 700 μm, 600 μm, 500 μm, 400 μm, 300 μm, 200 μm, 100 μm, 50 μm, 10 μm, 1 μm, or less. In some examples, the diameter 220 of the at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be at least about 1 μm, 10 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm, 600 μm, 700 μm, 800 μm, 900 μm, 1000 μm, 1100 μm, 1200 μm, 1300 μm, 1400 μm, 1500 μm, 1600 μm, 1700 μm, 1800 μm, 1900 μm, 2000 μm, or more. In some cases, the diameter 220 of the at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be about 1000 μm. The diameter 220 of the at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. For example, the diameter 220 of the at least one individual discontinuity 150 may be in the range of about 1 μm mm to about 2000 μm.

[0079] In some embodiments, the covering includes smoothed grooves and / or fenestrations. In some embodiments, the individual discontinuities (e.g., grooves and fenestrations) may include one or more edges at the transition between the anterior or posterior lens surface and the individual discontinuities. In some embodiments, such edges include a shape that may affect the function and / or comfort of the lens on the subject's eye. In some embodiments, such edges may be rounded to smooth the transition from the lens surface to the feature shape, improving contact lens comfort. In some embodiments, in coverings without rounded edges, the features may include sharp corners (e.g., apexes) that may irritate the eyelid and / or cornea. In some embodiments, the rounded edges may distribute the pressure of the lens on the eye over a wider (e.g., larger) area, allowing lens movement while minimizing friction with the cornea and / or eyelid. In some cases, the rounded edges may include a radius of curvature of about 0.05 mm to about 1 mm, or more. In some cases, the rounded edges may include a radius of curvature of about 0.05 mm to about 1 mm, or less.In some cases, the rounded edges are 0.005mm, 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.1mm, 0.11mm, 0.12mm, 0.13mm, 0.14mm, 0.15mm, 0.16mm, 0.17mm, 0.18mm, 0.19mm, 0.20mm, 0.21mm, 0.22mm, 0.23mm, 0.24mm, 0.25mm, 0.26mm, 0.27mm, 0.28mm, 0.29mm, 0.30mm, 0.31mm, 0.32mm, 0.33mm, 0.34mm, 0.35mm, 0.36mm, 0.37mm, 0.38mm, 0.39mm, 0.40mm, 0.41mm, 0.42mm, 0.43mm, 0.44mm, 0.45mm, 0.46mm, 0.47mm, 0.48mm, 0.49mm, 0.50mm, 0.51mm, 0.52mm, 0.53mm, 0.54mm, 0.55mm, 0.56mm, 0.57mm, 0.58mm, 0.59mm, 0.60mm, 0.61mm, 0.62mm, 0.63mm, 0.64mm, 0.65mm, 0.66mm, 0.67mm, 0.68mm, 0.69mm, 0.70mm, 0.71 mm, 0.24mm, 0.25mm, 0.26mm, 0.27mm, 0.28mm, 0.29mm, 0.30mm, 0.31mm, 0.32mm, 0.33mm, 0.34mm, 0.35mm, 0.36m m, 0.37mm, 0.38mm, 0.39mm, 0.4mm, 0.41mm, 0.42mm, 0.43mm, 0.44mm, 0.45mm, 0.46mm, 0.47mm, 0.48mm, 0.49mm, 0.50mm, 0.51mm, 0.52mm, 0.53mm, 0.54mm, 0.55mm, 0.56mm, 0.57mm, 0.58mm, 0.59mm, 0.6mm, 0.61mm, 0.62mm, 0. 63mm, 0.64mm, 0.65mm, 0.66mm, 0.67mm, 0.68mm, 0.69mm, 0.70mm, 0.71mm, 0.72mm, 0.73mm, 0.74mm, 0.75mm, 0.7 The radius of curvature may be 6 mm, 0.77 mm, 0.78 mm, 0.79 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.81 mm, 0.82 mm, 0.83 mm, 0.84 mm, 0.85 mm, 0.86 mm, 0.87 mm, 0.88 mm, 0.89 mm, 0.90 mm, 0.91 mm, 0.92 mm, 0.93 mm, 0.94 mm, 0.95 mm, 0.96 mm, 0.97 mm, 0.98 mm, 0.99 mm, or 1.00 mm. In some embodiments, the rounded edge may be uniform along the entire edge of the individual discontinuities. In some embodiments, the rounded edge may include one or more different radii along the edge of the individual discontinuities (e.g., a larger radius at the perpendicular meridian to eyelid movement). In some embodiments, the rounded edge includes a radius of curvature that gradually changes along the length of the groove. In some embodiments, the rounded edges may facilitate improved fluid flow through the fenestration.In some embodiments, the rounded edges can promote fluid flow along the grooves.

[0080] The diameter 230 of the cover 120 may be at least about 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.5 mm, 10 mm, 10.5 mm, 11 mm, 11.5 mm, 12 mm, 12.5 mm, 13 mm, 13.1 mm, 13.2 mm, 13.3 mm, 13.4 mm, 13.5 mm, 13.6 mm, 13.7 mm, 13.8 mm, 13.9 mm, 14 mm, 14.1 mm, 14.2 mm, 14.3 mm, 14.4 mm, 14.5 mm, It may be 14.6mm, 14.7mm, 14.8mm, 14.9mm, 15mm, 15.1mm, 15.2mm, 15.3mm, 15.4mm, 15.5mm, 15.6mm, 15.7mm, 15.8mm, 15.9mm, 16mm, 16.1mm, 16.2mm, 16.3mm, 16.4mm, 16.5mm, 16.6mm, 16.7mm, 16.8mm, 16.9mm, 17mm or larger. In some examples, the diameter 230 of the cover 120 may be up to about 17 mm, 16.9 mm, 16.8 mm, 16.7 mm, 16.6 mm, 16.5 mm, 16.4 mm, 16.3 mm, 16.2 mm, 16.1 mm, 16 mm, 15.6 mm, 15.5 mm, 15.4 mm, 15.3 mm, 15.2 mm, 15.1 mm, 15 mm, 14.9 mm, 14.8 mm, 14.7 mm, 14.6 mm, 14.8 mm, 14.9 ... The diameter 230 of the cover 120 may be within a range defined by any two of the foregoing values.

[0081] FIG. 3 shows a cross section of an exemplary soft contact lens of the present disclosure.

[0082] The sagittal height 330 of the contact lens represents the height from the central apex of the posterior surface 140 of the lens to the plane encompassed by the periphery of the lens. The sagittal height 330 of the cover 120 is at least about 1 μm, 1.25 μm, 1.5 μm, 1.75 μm, 2 μm, 2.25 μm, 2.5 μm, 2.75 μm, 3 μm, 3.25 μm, 3.5 μm, 3.75 μm, 4 μm, 4.25 μm, 4.5 μm, 4.6 μm, 4.7 μm, 4.8 μm, 4.9 μm, 5 μm, 5.1 μm, 5.2 μm, 5.3 μm, 5.4 μm, 5.5 μm, 5.6 μm, 5.7 μm, 5.8 μm, 5.9 μm, 5.10 μm, 5.21 μm, 5.22 μm, 5.23 μm, 5.24 μm, 5.25 μm, 5.26 μm, 5.27 μm, 5.28 μm, 5.29 μm, 5.30 μm, 5.31 μm, 5.32 μm, 5.33 μm, 5.34 μm, 5.35 μm, 5.36 μm, 5.37 μm, 5.38 μm, 5.39 μm, 5.40 μm, 5.41 μm, 5.42 μm, 5.43 μm, 5.44 μm, 5.45 μm, 5.46 μm, 5.47 μm, 5.48 μm, 5.49 μm 0.4 μm, 5.5 μm, 5.6 μm, 5.7 μm, 5.8 μm, 5.9 μm, 6 μm, 6.1 μm, 6.2 μm, 6.3 μm, 6.4 μm, 6.5 μm, 7 μm, 7.5 μm, 8 μm, 8.5 μm, 9 μm, 9.5 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, 50 μm, or more. In some examples, the sagittal height 330 of the cover 120 can be 50 μm, 45 μm, 40 μm, 35 μm, 30 μm, 25 μm, 20 μm, 15 μm, 10 μm, 9.5 μm, 9 μm, 8.5 μm, 8 μm, 7.5 μm, 7 μm, 6.5 μm, 6.4 μm, 6.3 μm, 6.2 μm, 6.1 μm, 6 μm, 5.9 μm, 5.8 μm, 5.7 μm, 5.6 μm, 5.7 μm, 5.8 μm, 5.9 ... The sagittal height 330 may be 5 μm, 5.4 μm, 5.3 μm, 5.2 μm, 5.1 μm, 5 μm, 4.9 μm, 4.8 μm, 4.7 μm, 4.6 μm, 4.5 μm, 4.25 μm, 4 μm, 3.75 μm, 3.5 μm, 3.25 μm, 3 μm, 2.75 μm, 2.5 μm, 2.25 μm, 2 μm, 1.75 μm, 1.5 μm, 1.25 μm, 1 μm, or less. The sagittal height 330 may be within a range defined by any two of the foregoing values.

[0083] The continuous lens body 201 of the cover 120 may include one or more optical zones 310 defined by the ratio of the radius of curvature 301 of the posterior surface 140 to the radius of curvature 303 of the anterior surface 130 in a given area of ​​the continuous lens body. In some embodiments, the ratio of the radius of curvature 301 of the posterior surface 140 to the radius of curvature 303 of the anterior surface 130 is at least about 0.5. In some embodiments, the ratio of the radius of curvature 301 of the posterior surface 140 to the radius of curvature 303 of the anterior surface 130 is at most about 2. The ratio of the radius of curvature 301 of the posterior surface 140 to the radius of curvature 303 of the anterior surface 130 may be within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. As an example, the ratio of the radius of curvature 301 of the posterior surface 140 to the radius of curvature 303 of the anterior surface 130 is about 0.9 mm. In some examples, the ratio of the radius of curvature 301 of the posterior surface 140 to the radius of curvature 303 of the anterior surface 130 may be within a range of about 0.5 to about 2.

[0084] One or more optical regions 310 may be disposed in a floating portion of the continuous lens body 201 such that the one or more optical regions 310 are disposed over the free volume 160. One or more optical regions 310 may be disposed in a floating portion of the continuous lens body 201 such that the one or more optical regions 310 are disposed over at least a portion of the free volume 160. One or more optical regions 310 may be disposed away from the floating portion of the continuous lens body 201 such that the one or more optical regions 310 are not disposed in any portion of the free volume 160. The diameter of the one or more optical regions 310 may be the same as the diameter of the free volume 160. The diameter of the one or more optical regions 310 may be smaller than the diameter of the free volume 160. The diameter of the one or more optical regions 310 may be larger than the diameter of the free volume 160.

[0085] The diameter of one or more optic zones 310 may be at least about 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 5 mm, 5.5 mm, 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.5 mm, 10 mm, 10.5 mm, 11 mm, 11.5 mm, 12 mm, or any value therebetween. In some examples, the diameter of one or more optic zones 310 may be up to about 12 mm, 11.5 mm, 11 mm, 10.5 mm, 10 mm, 9.5 mm, 9 mm, 8.5 mm, 8 mm, 7.5 mm, 7 mm, 6.5 mm, 6 mm, 5.5 mm, 5 mm, 4.5 mm, 4 mm, 3.5 mm, 3 mm, 2.5 mm, 2 mm, or any value therebetween. The diameter of one or more optic zones 310 may be within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. As an example, the diameter of one or more of the optical zones 310 may be about 8 mm. In some examples, the diameter of one or more of the optical zones 310 may be in the range of about 6 mm to about 9 mm.

[0086] The radius of curvature 301 (i.e., the base curve or BC of the optic zone) of the posterior surface 140 of one or more optic zones 310 may be at least about 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.5 mm, 10 mm, 10.5 mm, 11 mm, 11.5 mm, 12 mm, or any value therebetween. In some examples, the radius of curvature 301 of the posterior surface 140 of one or more optic zones 310 may be at most about 12 mm, 11.5 mm, 11 mm, 10.5 mm, 10 mm, 9.5 mm, 9 mm, 8.5 mm, 8 mm, 7.5 mm, 7 mm, 6.5 mm, 6 mm, or any value therebetween. The radius of curvature 301 of the posterior surface 140 of one or more optic zones 310 may be within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. As an example, the radius of curvature 301 of the posterior surface 140 or one or more optic zones 310 may be about 8 mm. In some examples, the radius of curvature of the posterior surface 140 or one or more optic zones 310 may be in the range of about 6 mm to about 12 mm.

[0087] The radius of curvature 303 of the anterior surface 130 of one or more optical zones 310 may be at least about 5 mm, 5.5 mm, 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.5 mm, 10 mm, 10.5 mm, 11 mm, 11.5 mm, 12 mm, 12.5 mm, or any value therebetween. In some examples, the radius of curvature 303 of the anterior surface 130 of one or more optical zones 310 may be up to about 12.5 mm, 12 mm, 11.5 mm, 11 mm, 10.5 mm, 10 mm, 9.5 mm, 9 mm, 8.5 mm, 8 mm, 7.5 mm, 7 mm, 6.5 mm, 6 mm, 5.5 mm, 5 mm, or any value therebetween. The radius of curvature 303 of the anterior surface 130 of one or more optical zones 310 may be within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. As an example, the radius of curvature 303 of the anterior surface 130 of one or more optical zones 310 may be about 8.5 mm. In some examples, the second radius of curvature 303 may be in the range of about 5 mm to about 12.5 mm.

[0088] The one or more optical zones 310 may each independently be defined by the ratio of the radius of curvature of the posterior surface 301 to the radius of curvature of the anterior surface 303. The one or more optical zones 310 may each independently be configured to provide different optical powers to the eye. For example, for each of the one or more optical zones 310, the ratio of the radius of curvature 301 of the posterior surface 140 to the radius of curvature 303 of the anterior surface 130 may be different, thereby allowing each of the one or more optical zones 310 to provide a different optical power to the eye. The one or more optical zones 310 may be multiple optical zones. The one or more optical zones 310 may be simultaneous or segmented. The one or more simultaneous optical zones may be concentric (or annular), aspherical (a gradual change in curvature along either the posterior surface 140 or the anterior surface 130), or diffractive. In some embodiments, the soft contact lens is a bifocal or multifocal lens. In some embodiments, a bifocal or multifocal lens has two or more optical zones with two or more optical powers. In some embodiments, one or more optical zones 310 may each be independently configured to correct an ocular refractive error or aberration, such that at least one of the one or more optical zones 310 is configured to correct an ocular refractive error or aberration. In some embodiments, one or more optical zones 310 may each be independently configured to mask astigmatism, such that at least one of the one or more optical zones 310 is configured to correct an ocular refractive error or aberration.

[0089] The continuous lens body 201 has a uniform thickness throughout the one or more optical regions 310. In some examples, the continuous lens body 201 may have a non-uniform thickness throughout the one or more optical regions 310. The thickness of the one or more optical regions 310 may be at least about 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 microns, 150 μm, 200 μm, 250 μm, 300 μm, 350 μm, 400 μm, 450 μm, 500 μm, 550 μm, 600 μm, or any value therebetween. The thickness of one or more optical regions 310 may be up to approximately 600 μm, 550 μm, 500 μm, 450 μm, 400 μm, 350 μm, 300 μm, 250 μm, 200 μm, 150 μm, 100 μm, 90 μm, 80 μm, 70 μm, 60 μm, 50 μm, 40 μm, or any value therebetween. The thickness of one or more optical regions 310 may be within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. As an example, the thickness of one or more optical regions 310 may be approximately 300 μm. In some examples, the thickness of one or more optical regions 310 may be within a range of approximately 1 μm to approximately 500 μm.

[0090] The continuous lens body 201 has a uniform thickness throughout the one or more non-optical regions 320. In some examples, the continuous lens body 201 may have a non-uniform thickness throughout the one or more non-optical regions 320. The thickness of the one or more non-optical regions 310 may be at least about 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 microns, 150 μm, 200 μm, 250 μm, 300 μm, 350 μm, 400 μm, 450 μm, 500 μm, 550 μm, 600 μm, 650 μm, 700 μm, 750 μm, or any value therebetween. The thickness of the one or more non-optical regions 320 may be up to approximately 800 μm, 750 μm, 700 μm, 650 μm, 600 μm, 550 μm, 500 μm, 450 μm, 400 μm, 350 μm, 300 μm, 250 μm, 200 μm, 150 μm, 100 μm, 90 μm, 80 μm, 70 μm, 60 μm, 50 μm, 40 μm, or any value therebetween. The thickness of the one or more optical regions 320 may be within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. As an example, the thickness of the one or more non-optical regions 320 may be approximately 200 μm. In some examples, the thickness of the one or more non-optical regions 320 may be within a range from approximately 50 μm to approximately 750 μm.

[0091] The continuous lens body 201 of a soft contact lens may include one or more non-optical regions 320 defined by a radius of curvature 302 (ie, the base curve or BC of the non-optical region) of the posterior surface 140 and a radius of curvature 304 of the anterior surface 130 .

[0092] The radius of curvature 302 of the posterior surface 140 of one or more non-optical regions 320 is at least about 6 mm, 6.1 mm, 6.2 mm, 6.3 mm, 6.4 mm, 6.5 mm, 6.6 mm, 6.7 mm, 6.8 mm, 6.9 mm, 7 mm, 7.1 mm, 7.2 mm, 7.3 mm, 7.4 mm, 7.5 mm, 7.6 mm, 7.7 mm, 7.8 mm, 7.9 mm, 8 mm, 8.1 mm, 8.2 mm, 8.3 mm, 8.4 mm, 8.5 mm, 8.6 mm, 8.7 mm, 8.8 mm, 8.9 mm, 9 mm, 9.1 mm, 9.2 mm, 9.3 mm, m, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, 10.1mm, 10.2mm, 10.3mm, 10.4mm, 10.5mm, 10.6mm, 10.7mm, 10.8mm, 10.9mm, 11mm, 11.1mm, 11.2mm, 11.3mm, 11.4mm, 11.5mm, 11.6mm, 11.7mm, 11.8mm, 11.9mm, 12mm, 12.5mm, 13mm, 14mm, 14.5mm, 15mm, or any value therebetween. In some examples, the radius of curvature 302 of the posterior surface 140 of one or more non-optical regions 320 is at most about 15 mm, 14.5 mm, 14 mm, 13 mm, 12.5 mm, 12 mm, 11.9 mm, 11.8 mm, 11.7 mm, 11.6 mm, 11.5 mm, 11.4 mm, 11.3 mm, 11.2 mm, 11.1 mm, 11 mm, 10.9 mm, 10.8 mm, 10.7 mm, 10.6 mm, 10.5 mm, 10.4 mm, 10.3 mm, 10.2 mm, 10.1 mm, 10 mm, 9.9 mm, 9.8 mm, 9.7 mm, 9.6 mm, 9.8 mm, 9.9 mm, 9.8 ... The radius of curvature 302 of the posterior surface 140 of one or more non-optical regions 320 may be within a range defined by any two of the foregoing values.As an example, the radius of curvature 302 of the posterior surface 140 of the one or more non-optical regions 320 may be approximately 8 mm. In some examples, the radius of curvature 302 of the posterior surface 140 of the one or more non-optical regions 320 may be within a range of approximately 6 mm to approximately 15 mm.

[0093] The radius of curvature 302 of the anterior surface 130 of one or more non-optical regions 320 is at least about 6 mm, 6.1 mm, 6.2 mm, 6.3 mm, 6.4 mm, 6.5 mm, 6.6 mm, 6.7 mm, 6.8 mm, 6.9 mm, 7 mm, 7.1 mm, 7.2 mm, 7.3 mm, 7.4 mm, 7.5 mm, 7.6 mm, 7.7 mm, 7.8 mm, 7.9 mm, 8 mm, 8.1 mm, 8.2 mm, 8.3 mm, 8.4 mm, 8.5 mm, 8.6 mm, 8.7 mm, 8.8 mm, 8.9 mm, 9 mm, 9.1 mm, 9.2 mm, 9.3 mm, m, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, 10.1mm, 10.2mm, 10.3mm, 10.4mm, 10.5mm, 10.6mm, 10.7mm, 10.8mm, 10.9mm, 11mm, 11.1mm, 11.2mm, 11.3mm, 11.4mm, 11.5mm, 11.6mm, 11.7mm, 11.8mm, 11.9mm, 12mm, 12.5mm, 13mm, 14mm, 14.5mm, 15mm, or any value therebetween. In some examples, the radius of curvature 302 of the anterior surface 130 of one or more non-optical regions 320 is at most about 15 mm, 14.5 mm, 14 mm, 13 mm, 12.5 mm, 12 mm, 11.9 mm, 11.8 mm, 11.7 mm, 11.6 mm, 11.5 mm, 11.4 mm, 11.3 mm, 11.2 mm, 11.1 mm, 11 mm, 10.9 mm, 10.8 mm, 10.7 mm, 10.6 mm, 10.5 mm, 10.4 mm, 10.3 mm, 10.2 mm, 10.1 mm, 10 mm, 9.9 mm, 9.8 mm, 9.7 mm, 9.6 mm, 9.8 mm, 9.9 mm, 9.8 ... The radius of curvature 302 of the anterior surface 130 of one or more non-optical regions 320 may be within a range defined by any two of the foregoing values.As an example, the radius of curvature 302 of the anterior surface 130 of one or more non-optical regions 320 may be in the range of about 6 mm to about 15 mm.

[0094] In some embodiments, one or more non-optical regions 320 have a diameter of about 2 mm to about 16 mm. The diameter of one or more non-optical regions 320 can be at least about 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 5 mm, 5.5 mm, 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.5 mm, 10 mm, 10.5 mm, 11 mm, 11.5 mm, 12 mm, 12.5 mm, 13 mm, 13.5 mm, 14 mm, 14.5 mm, 15 mm, 15.5 mm, 16 mm, or any value therebetween. In some examples, the diameter of one or more non-optical regions 320 may be up to about 16 mm, 15.5 mm, 15 mm, 14.5 mm, 14 mm, 13.5 mm, 13 mm, 12.5 mm, 12 mm, 11.5 mm, 11 mm, 10.5 mm, 10 mm, 9.5 mm, 9 mm, 8.5 mm, 8 mm, 7.5 mm, 7 mm, 6.5 mm, 6 mm, 5.5 mm, 5 mm, 4.5 mm, 4 mm, 3.5 mm, 3 mm, 2.5 mm, 2 mm, or any value therebetween. The diameter of one or more non-optical regions 320 may be within a range defined by any two of the foregoing values.

[0095] In some embodiments, the ratio of the diameter of the optic region 310 to the diameter of the non-optic region 320 is between about 1:8 and about 7:8.

[0096] In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity 150 is located in the optic region 310. In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity 150 is located in the non-optic region 320. In some embodiments, at least one discrete discontinuity 150 is located in both the optic region 310 and the non-optic region 320.

[0097] A method for manufacturing a cover is provided herein. The at least one discrete discontinuity 150 in the cover 120 may be formed by molding, machining, chemical etching, and / or laser etching. In some examples, the at least one discrete discontinuity 150 may be formed by methods other than molding or etching, as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the teachings herein. The anterior surface 130 of the continuum may be characterized by a substantially spherical profile. For example, the substantially spherical profile may be molded or etched. The continuous lens body 201 of the cover 120 may be made of a single material. The continuous lens body 201 of the cover 120 may be made of a single material having substantially uniform mechanical properties throughout. The cover 120 may be made of a single polymeric material. For example, the continuous lens body 201 may include a hydrogel (e.g., a silicone hydrogel). The continuous lens body 201 may be made of a single material selected from diacetone acrylamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, N-carboxyl vinyl ester, N-vinylpyrrolidone, poly[dimethylsiloxy]di[silibutanol]bis[vinylcarbamate], phosphorylcholine, tris-(trimethylsiloxysilyl)propyl vinylcarbamate, tris-(hydroxylmethyl)aminomethane, siloxane, or polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0098] The material used for the continuous lens body 201 may be biocompatible, inert, non-toxic, and / or non-invasive to the subject's eye. This material may facilitate conformity of the covering to the eye. The material used for the continuous lens body 201 may be a soft material. The soft material may make the covering comfortable for the subject's eye.

[0099] The cover may include one or more of a number of optically transparent materials, such as synthetic or natural materials. The cover may include a collagen-based material. Such collagen-based materials and combinations thereof are described in U.S. Patent Application No. 12 / 384,659, entitled "Therapeutic Device for Pain Management and Vision," filed April 6, 2009, and U.S. Publication No. US2010-0036488A1, published February 11, 2010, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties for all purposes. Alternatively, or in combination, the cover may include known synthetic materials, such as hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) hydrogel, hydrogel, silicone, hydrated silicone, and their derivatives. For example, the optically transparent material may include one or more of silicone, silicone hydrogel, silicone with resin, silicone with silicate, acrylate, and collagen. The silicone may include two-component heat-cured and room-temperature vulcanized cured silicones. For example, polydimethylsiloxane (e.g., NuSil, or poly(dimethyl)(diphenyl)siloxane) may be used to form the cover, e.g., with a moisture content of less than 10% to increase oxygen diffusion through the cover. The cover 120 may include perfluoropolyether or fluorofocal. The cover may include an elastic material such as silicone. The material may allow the cover to seal against the cornea.

[0100] The cover 120 may comprise a single, uniformly cured material. The material used to manufacture the continuous lens body 201 may be cured to a hardness, size, and shape such that the continuous lens body 201 has a modulus. The modulus of the continuous lens body 201 may be at least about 0.1 megapascals (MPa), 0.2 MPa, 0.3 MPa, 0.4 MPa, 0.5 MPa, 0.6 MPa, 0.7 MPa, 0.8 MPa, 0.9 MPa, 1 MPa, 1.1 MPa, 1.2 MPa, 1.3 MPa, 1.4 MPa, 1.5 MPa, 1.6 MPa, 1.7 MPa, 1.8 MPa, 1.9 MPa, 2 MPa, 2.1 MPa, 2.2 MPa, 2.3 MPa, 2.4 MPa, 2.5 MPa, 2.6 MPa, 2.7 MPa, 2.8 MPa, 2.9 MPa, 3 MPa, 4 MPa, 5 MPa, 6 MPa, 7 MPa, 8 MPa, 9 MPa, 10 MPa, or more. The modulus of the continuous lens body 201 may be up to about 10 MPa, 9 MPa, 8 MPa, 7 MPa, 6 MPa, 5 MPa, 4 MPa, 3 MPa, 2.9 MPa, 2.8 MPa, 2.7 MPa, 2.6 MPa, 2.5 MPa, 2.4 MPa, 2.3 MPa, 2.2 MPa, 2.1 MPa, 2 MPa, 1.9 MPa, 1.8 MPa, 1.7 MPa, 1.6 MPa, 1.5 MPa, 1.4 MPa, 1.3 MPa, 1.2 MPa, 1.1 MPa, 1 MPa, 0.9 MPa, 0.8 MPa, 0.7 MPa, 0.6 MPa, 0.5 MPa, 0.4 MPa, 0.3 MPa, 0.2 MPa, 0.1 MPa, or less. The modulus of the continuous lens body 201 may be within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. For example, the modulus of the continuous lens body 201 may be from about 0.1 MPa to about 10 MPa, or from about 0.1 MPa to about 4 MPa. The modulus of the continuous lens body 201 may be uniform throughout.

[0101] The cover 120 is approximately 1.25E+04MPa*μm 3 ~approx. 5.00E+08MPa*μm 3 The stiffness range may include a single material.

[0102] The mechanical properties of any feature of the lenses described herein depend on both the shape of the feature and the material (including the properties of the material) of the feature. Aspects of the mechanical properties of a continuous lens body are described using the mechanical model of a simply supported disk. In this model, the deflection ("D") of a simply supported disk is calculated as Young's modulus ("E") multiplied by the cube of the thickness ("t"), i.e., D=Et 3 / (12×(1-v 2 )). Other parameters in this model, such as the plate radius, uniform load, and Poisson's ratio ("v"), can be treated as constants when comparing various modulus and thickness configurations. When comparing lenses of this disclosure, the current description uses units common to contact lens designers: megapascals ("MPa") for Young's modulus and micrometers ("μm") for thickness.

[0103] The material used to manufacture the continuous lens body 201 may include, for example, a silicone elastomer having an optically clear silicate disposed therein. In some cases, the material may have a water content of up to about 20%, 15%, 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or less. The material may have a water content of at least about 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 20%, or more. The material may have a water content within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. An example material may have a water content of up to about 5%. In some cases, the lens cover has a high oxygen permeability (Dk), in some cases exceeding 150. Silicone lenses containing silicate may be treated to provide a wettable surface. The lens may include a hydrogel, such as a silicone hydrogel. In some examples, the water content of the lens material may be at least about 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 52%, 54%, 56%, 58%, 60%, 62%, 64%, 66%, 68%, 70%, 72%, 74%, 76%, 78%, 80%, or more. In some examples, the water content of the lens material may be up to about 80%, 78%, 76%, 74%, 72%, 70%, 68%, 66%, 64%, 62%, 60%, 58%, 56%, 54%, 52%, 50%, 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, or less. The water content of the lens material may be within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. For example, the cover / lens material may have a moisture content in the range of about 5% to about 35%.

[0104] The cover 120 may include a silicone or silicone hydrogel with low ionoporosity so that the cover 120 seals against the cornea. For example, the cover 120 may include a silicone hydrogel with low ion permeability, which may range from about 5% to about 35% water, and a Dk of 100 or greater. The low ion permeability may be up to about 0.25×10 to seal against the cornea. -3 cm 2For example, the ionoton ion permeability coefficient may be up to about 0.08×10 / sec. -3 cm 2 / sec. Low ion permeability is up to about 2.6 x 10 to seal the cornea. -6 mm 2 For example, the ionoton ion permeability coefficient may be up to about 1.5×10 / min. -6 mm 2 / min.

[0105] The cover 120 may have a wettable surface coating disposed on at least the front surface 130 of the cover 120 to allow the patient's tear film to lubricate the cover and allow the patient to see. The wettable surface coating may include a lubricious coating for patient comfort. For example, the lubricious coating may lubricate the eye when the patient blinks. The wettable coating may have a contact angle of up to about 85°, 80°, 75°, 70°, 65°, 60°, 55°, 50°, 45°, 40°, 35°, 30°, 25°, 20°, 15°, 10°, 5°, or less. The wettable coating may have a contact angle of at least about 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, 65°, 70°, 75°, 80°, 85°, or more. The wetting coating may include a contact angle within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. For example, the contact angle may be within a range of approximately 55 degrees to 65 degrees, providing a surface with a smooth tear film for visibility. For example, the wetting coating may be disposed on both the upper and lower surfaces of the cover. The upper surface may include a wetting coating extending over at least an inner portion.

[0106] Provided herein are methods for correcting ocular refractive error in an eye. Additionally, provided herein are methods for correcting astigmatism in an eye. The method may include providing any one of the coverings or contact lenses described herein. The continuous lens body 201 of the covering 120 may include, or be, an optical zone 310 configured to mask astigmatism. In some embodiments, the posterior surface 140 of the continuous lens body 201 forms a free volume 160 on the eye 100, the free volume 160 configured to form a tear lens on the corneal surface of the eye 100 to mask the astigmatism. In some examples, the combination of the optical zone 310 and the free volume 160 is configured to mask astigmatism in the eye 100. In some cases, the covering 120 can mask astigmatism regardless of the orientation of the covering 120 relative to the central optical axis of the cornea of ​​the eye 100.

[0107] In some examples, covering 120 may be configured to mask astigmatism in the subject's eye. In some cases, covering 120 may be configured to mask astigmatism up to about 2.5 diopters (D). In some cases, covering 120 may be configured to mask astigmatism up to about 5D, 4.75D, 4.5D, 4.25D, 4D, 3.75D, 3.5D, 3.25D, 3D, 2.75D, 2.5D, 2.25D, 2.0D, 1.75D, 1.5D, 1D, 0.7D, 0.5D, or less. In some cases, the covering 120 may be configured to mask astigmatism of up to approximately 0.5D, 0.7D, 1D, 1.5D, 1.75D, 2.0D, 2.25D, 2.5D, 2.75D, 3D, 3.25D, 3.5D, 3.75D, 4D, 4.25D, 4.5D, 4.75D, 5D, or more. The covering 120 may be configured to mask astigmatism within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. For example, the astigmatism may be within a range of approximately 2.25D to approximately 2.5D. The covering 120 may be configured to mask astigmatism in 0.01D increments due to the sensitivity of tear lens formation, and is not limited to the 0.25D increments common in standard toric lenses. In some cases, the cover 120 may be up to about 5D, 4.9D, 4.8D, 4.7D, 4.6D, 4.5D, 4.4D, 4.3D, 4.2D, 4.1D, 4D, 3.9D, 3.8D, 3.7D, 3.6D, 3.5D, 3.4D, 3.3D, 3.2D, 3.1D, 3D, 2.9D, 2.8D, 2.7D, 2.6D, 2.5D , 2.4D, 2.3D, 2.2D, 2.1D, 2.0D, 1.9D, 1.8D, 1.7D, 1.6D, 1.5D, 1.4D, 1.3D, 1.2D, 1D, 0.9D, 0.8D, 0.7D, 0.6D, 0.5D, 0.4D, 0.3D, 0.2D, 0.1D, or less astigmatism may be masked.In some embodiments, the cover 120 has a thickness of at most about 0.1D, 0.2D, 0.3D, 0.4D, 0.5D, 0.6D, 0.7D, 0.8D, 0.9D, 1D, 1.1D, 1.2D, 1.3D, 1.4D, 1.5D, 1.6D, 1.7D, 1.8D, 1.9D, 2D, 2.1D, 2.2D, 2.3D, 2.4D, 2.5D, 2.6D, 2.7D, 2.8D, 2.9D, 3.0D, 3.1D, 3.2D, 3.3D, 3.4D, 3.5D, 3.6D, 3.7D, 3.8D, 3.9D, 4.0D, 4.1D, 4.2D, 4.3D, 4.4D, 4.5D, 4.6D, 4.7D, 4.8D, 4.9D, 5.0D, 5.1D, 5.2D, 5.3D, 5.4D, 5.5D, 5.6D, 5.7D, 5.8D, 5.9D, 6.1D, 6.2D, 6.3D, 6.4D, 6.5D, 6.6D, 6.7D, 6.8D, 6.9D, 7.1D, 7.2D, 7.3D, 7.4D, 7.5D, 7.6D, 7.7D, 7.8D, 7.9D, 8.1D, 8.1D, 8.2D, 8.3D, 8.4D, 8.5D, It may be configured to mask astigmatism of 0.6D, 2.7D, 2.8D, 2.9D, 3D, 3.1D, 3.2D, 3.3D, 3.4D, 3.5D, 3.6D, 3.7D, 3.8D, 3.9D, 4D, 4.1D, 4.2D, 4.3D, 4.4D, 4.5D, 4.6D, 4.7D, 4.8D, 4.9D, 5D or more.

[0108] The cover 120 may be configured to mask astigmatism, requiring only the spherical power of the lens to correct the vision of a subject in need of corrective vision to their best corrected vision.

[0109] In some cases, the cover 120 may be configured to correct a meridian angle of about 10 degrees to about 1 degree. In some examples, the cover 120 may be configured to correct a meridian angle of up to about 10 degrees, 9 degrees, 8 degrees, 7 degrees, 6 degrees, 5 degrees, 4 degrees, 3 degrees, 2 degrees, 1 degree, or less. In some cases, the cover 120 may be configured to correct a meridian angle of up to about 1 degree, 2 degrees, 3 degrees, 4 degrees, 5 degrees, 6 degrees, 7 degrees, 8 degrees, 9 degrees, 10 degrees, or more. The cover 120 may be configured to correct a meridian angle within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. For example, the meridian angle can be within a range of about 3 degrees to about 4 degrees.

[0110] In some embodiments, covering 120 can be configured to correct for corneal power differences between meridians of about 3D to about 0D. In some examples, covering 120 can be configured to correct for corneal power differences of up to about 3D, 2.9D, 2.8D, 2.7D, 2.6D, 2.5D, 2.4D, 2.3D, 2.2D, 2.1D, 2D, 1.9D, 1.8D, 1.7D, 1.6D, 1.5D, 1.4D, 1.3D, 1.2D, 1D, 0.9D, 0.8D, 0.7D, 0.6D, 0.5D, 0.4D, 0.3D, 0.2D, 0.1D, or less. In some examples, the cover 120 may be configured to correct a corneal power difference of up to approximately 0.1D, 0.2D, 0.3D, 0.4D, 0.5D, 0.6D, 0.7D, 0.8D, 0.9D, 1D, 1.1D, 1.2D, 1.3D, 1.4D, 1.5D, 1.6D, 1.7D, 1.8D, 1.9D, 2D, 2.1D, 2.2D, 2.3D, 2.4D, 2.5D, 2.6D, 2.7D, 2.8D, 2.9D, 3D, or more. The cover 120 may be configured to correct a corneal power difference within a range defined by any two of the aforementioned values. For example, the corneal power difference may be within a range of approximately 0.5D to approximately 2.5D.

[0111] While preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. The scope of the present disclosure is not intended to be limited by the specific examples provided herein. While embodiments of the present disclosure have been described with reference to the foregoing specification, the description and illustration of the embodiments herein are not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Numerous variations, changes, and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Furthermore, it should be understood that all aspects of the present disclosure are not limited to the specific depictions, configurations, or relative proportions set forth herein, which depend upon a variety of conditions and variables. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the present disclosure described herein may be employed in practicing the embodiments of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the present disclosure is intended to cover such alternatives, modifications, variations, or equivalents. The following claims define the scope of the present disclosure, and it is intended that methods and structures within the scope of these claims, and their equivalents, be covered thereby.

[0112] In some embodiments, the covering includes a smooth transition. In some embodiments, the transition between different curvatures on the anterior surface of the contact lens can irritate the eyelid. In some embodiments, the transition between different curvatures on the posterior surface of the contact lens (e.g., FIG. 8A, 810, 820, 830) can irritate the cornea. In some embodiments, abrupt transitions between such curvatures on the posterior surface can create focal points that can press against the cornea and reduce mobility (e.g., of the contact lens).

[0113] In some embodiments, the transition between zones of different curvature can be modified by adding a transition curve (e.g., FIG. 8B, 850) between the two zones, thereby improving the comfort and / or mobility of the contact lens.

[0114] In some embodiments, a smooth transition (e.g., on the anterior surface) may distribute the pressure of the lens on the eyelid over a wider (i.e., larger) area. In some embodiments, a smooth transition (e.g., on the posterior surface) may distribute the pressure of the lens on the cornea, allowing the lens to move without disturbing the corneal epithelium.

[0115] In some embodiments, the transition zone can be described as a radius of curvature (in mm) (see Figures 8A, 840A and 840B). In some embodiments, the direction of the transition curve is oriented in the opposite direction to the lens curvature, blending the two curvatures (see Figure 8B, 850). In some embodiments, the direction of the transition curve is oriented in the same direction as the lens curvature, blending the two curvatures. In some embodiments, both ends of the transition curve are tangent to the adjacent curve.

[0116] In some embodiments, the rounded blend transition comprises a radius of curvature of about 0.05 mm to about 100 mm. In some embodiments, the rounded blend transition comprises a radius of curvature of about 0.05 mm, about 0.1 mm, about 0.5 mm, about 1 mm, about 2 mm, about 3 mm, about 5 mm, about 10 mm, about 20 mm, about 30 mm, about 60 mm, or more. In some embodiments, the rounded blend transition may facilitate improved fluid flow through or along features of the contact lens.

[0117] As shown in Figures 8C-8E, larger radius of curvature values ​​are associated with wider segments of the feature.

[0118] In some embodiments, the covering includes wavy grooves. In some embodiments, the wavy grooves are discrete discontinuities. In some embodiments, sharp angles between the edges of the grooves and the posterior surface of the contact lens can irritate the eyelid. In some embodiments, abrupt transitions between such curvatures at the posterior surface can create focal points that press against the cornea and reduce mobility. In some embodiments, the angled profile of the grooves can reduce flow.

[0119] In some embodiments, the transition between the groove edge and the lens curvature and lens apex is modified by adding a wavy profile that curves the groove edge and apex (FIG. 9A, 920), which may improve contact lens comfort, mobility, and fluid flow. In some embodiments, the wavy grooves may be achieved by rounding the groove edges (FIG. 9A, 930) and groove apexes (FIG. 9A, 940). In some embodiments, the wavy grooves include rounded edges, rounded apexes, or a combination thereof.

[0120] In some embodiments, the groove edges of the scalloped grooves (FIG. 9A, 930) are radii that are tangent to the curve of the posterior surface of the lens.

[0121] In some embodiments, the posterior surface corrugated grooves may distribute lens pressure over a wider (e.g., larger) area, improving lens movement without disturbing the corneal epithelium. In some embodiments, the rounded profile of the corrugated grooves may allow for improved flow through the corrugated grooves compared to angular grooves (e.g., non-rounded grooves).

[0122] In some embodiments, the corrugated grooves comprise a wave-like structure having a height (FIG. 9A, 950) and a width (FIG. 9B, 960). In some embodiments, the height is the distance from the plane of the posterior surface curvature to the apex of the groove. In some embodiments, the width is the distance between the tangents of the groove edges to the posterior surface curvature. In some embodiments, the grooves comprise a height of about 5 microns (μm) to about 400 microns. In some embodiments, the grooves comprise a height of about 5 μm, about 10 μm, about 20 μm, about 40 μm, about 80 μm, about 160 μm, about 320 μm, or more. In some embodiments, the grooves comprise a width of about 20 μm to about 1000 μm. In some embodiments, the grooves comprise a width of about 20 μm, about 40 μm, about 80 μm, about 160 μm, about 320 μm, about 640 μm, or more.

[0123] In some embodiments, the configuration of the wavy grooves may vary along the length of the groove. For example, as shown in Figure 9A, the wavy grooves may have the same height but different widths, with both ends of the groove's wavy profile tangent to the center curve of the lens, and the groove width is variable. For example, as shown in Figure 9B, the wavy grooves may have the same width but different heights, with both ends of the groove's wavy profile tangent to the center curve of the lens, and the groove height is variable. For example, as shown in Figure 9C, the wavy grooves may have different heights and different widths, with both ends of the groove's wavy profile tangent to the center curve of the lens, and the groove height is variable. [Example]

[0124] Having now generally described the invention of this disclosure, it will be more readily understood by reference to the following examples, which are included solely for the purpose of illustrating certain aspects and embodiments of the disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure in any way. Example 1: Eye cover thickness comparison

[0125] Three sets of eye covers for astigmatism correction were prepared. The central thicknesses of the eye covers prepared were 200 μm, 300 μm, and 400 μm, although other thicknesses were also attempted. The best refraction and unaided corneal topography characteristics of subjects with astigmatism were measured. Five subjects were fitted with eye covers with a central thickness of 400 μm, three with 300 μm, and one with 200 μm. The amount of astigmatism reduction was compared between uncorrected eyes, eyes with 200 μm covers, eyes with 300 μm covers, and eyes with 400 μm covers. The mean astigmatism of the subjects was 1.4 D ± 0.7 D. Subjects fitted with 200 μm thick eye covers experienced a reduction of approximately 1.5 D of astigmatism. Subjects wearing 300 μm thick eye covers experienced a reduction in astigmatism of approximately 0.6D±0.1D. Subjects wearing 400 μm thick eye covers experienced a reduction in astigmatism of approximately 0.7D±0.1D. All subjects wearing eye covers experienced a reduction in astigmatism. Figures 7A and 7B each show a comparison of the topography of a naked eye with astigmatism and the topography of the same eye wearing an astigmatism-correcting eye cover of the present disclosure. Figure 7B shows a contact lens with an optical zone thickness of 400 μm, an optical zone radius of curvature of 7.86 mm, and eight circular grooves positioned 6.6 mm from the central axis of the lens, which can mask 0.75D of astigmatism in the eye.

Claims

1. 1. A soft contact lens for correcting ocular refractive errors of an eye, comprising: a soft continuous lens body configured to cover a corneal surface of the eye; the soft continuous lens body having an anterior surface, a posterior surface, and at least one discontinuity; at least a portion of the posterior surface of the soft continuous lens body is configured to float above a corneal surface of the eye when placed thereon to form a free volume between the posterior surface of the soft continuous lens body and the corneal surface; at least a portion of the free volume is configured to be filled with a liquid to form a tear lens on the corneal surface to correct refractive error of the eye. Soft contact lenses.

2. The lens of claim 1 , wherein the soft continuous lens body has a uniform Young's modulus.

3. The lens of claim 1 or 2, wherein the soft continuous lens body has a Young's modulus of about 0.1 MPa to about 4 MPa.

4. A lens according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ocular refractive error results from one or more of corneal irregularities, coma, astigmatism, or higher order aberrations of the eye.

5. A lens according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ocular refractive error is astigmatism of the eye.

6. 1. A soft contact lens for correcting astigmatism of the eye, comprising: a soft continuous lens body configured to cover a corneal surface of the eye; the soft continuous lens body having an anterior surface, a posterior surface, and at least one discontinuity; the soft continuous lens body has a uniform Young's modulus of about 0.1 MPa to about 4 MPa; at least a portion of the posterior surface of the soft continuous lens body is configured to float above the corneal surface of the eye when placed thereon to form a free volume between the posterior surface of the soft continuous lens body and the corneal surface; at least a portion of the free volume is configured to be filled with a liquid to form a tear lens on the corneal surface to correct astigmatism of the eye. Soft contact lenses.

7. The lens of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the anterior surface of the soft continuous lens body is axisymmetric.

8. The lens of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the anterior surface comprises an anterior surface profile.

9. The lens of claim 8 , wherein the front surface profile is axisymmetric.

10. The lens of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the posterior surface of the soft continuous lens body is axisymmetric.

11. The lens of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the posterior surface comprises a posterior surface profile.

12. The lens of claim 11 , wherein the posterior surface profile is axisymmetric.

13. The lens of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the soft continuous lens body further comprises a lens volume.

14. The lens of claim 13 , wherein the lens volume is axially symmetric.

15. A lens according to any preceding claim, wherein the lens does not provide any cylindrical optical power when in a neutral state.

16. A lens according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the lens corrects ocular refractive error or optical aberration when placed on the eye, regardless of the orientation of the lens relative to the meridian of the eye.

17. A lens according to any preceding claim, wherein the lens corrects ocular refractive error or optical aberrations without rotationally fitting to the eye.

18. 18. A lens according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the optical aberration of the eye is a first order aberration or a spherical aberration.

19. 18. A lens according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the optical aberration of the eye is a second order aberration or a cylindrical aberration.

20. 18. A lens according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the optical aberration is a third order aberration or coma.

21. A lens according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lens is made of a single material.

22. A lens according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the lens is made of a single material having the same mechanical properties throughout.

23. A lens according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lens is made from a single polymer material.

24. The lens of any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the lens is made of hydrogel, silicone hydrogel, or silicone.

25. 25. The lens of any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the lens is made of a single material selected from diacetone acrylamide, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, N-carboxyl vinyl ester, N-vinylpyrrolidone, poly[dimethylsiloxy]di[silibutanol]bis[vinylcarbamate], phosphorylcholine, tris-(trimethylsiloxysilyl)propyl vinylcarbamate, tris-(hydroxylmethyl)aminomethane, siloxane, or polyvinylpyrrolidone.

26. The soft continuous lens body has a viscosity of about 1.25E+0.4 Mpa*μm ３ ~ approx. 5.00E+08MPa*μm ３ 26. A lens according to any one of claims 1 to 25, having a stiffness range of

27. A lens according to any preceding claim, wherein the soft continuous lens body comprises one or more optic zones and / or one or more non-optic zones.

28. 28. The lens of claim 27, wherein the one or more optical zones are each independently defined by a ratio of a radius of curvature of the posterior surface to a radius of curvature of the anterior surface.

29. 29. A lens according to claim 27 or 28, wherein the one or more optical zones each independently provide a different optical power to the eye.

30. A lens according to any one of claims 27 to 29, wherein the one or more optical zones are a plurality of optical zones.

31. A lens according to any one of claims 27 to 30, wherein the one or more optical zones are simultaneous or split.

32. 32. The lens of claim 31, wherein the one or more simultaneous optical zones are either concentric or aspherical.

33. The lens of any one of claims 27 to 32, wherein the diameter of the one or more optic zones is from about 4 mm to about 10 mm.

34. The lens of any one of claims 27 to 33, wherein the diameter of the one or more optic zones is from about 6 mm to about 9 mm.

35. A lens according to any one of claims 27 to 34, wherein the radius of curvature of the posterior surface of the one or more optical zones is between about 7 mm and about 9 mm.

36. The lens of any one of claims 27 to 35, wherein the radius of curvature of the anterior surface of the one or more optical zones is between about 5.5 mm and about 11.5 mm.

37. A lens according to any one of claims 27 to 36, wherein the ratio of the radii of curvature of the posterior and anterior surfaces of the one or more optical zones is from about 3:5 to about 2:

1.

38. A lens according to any one of claims 27 to 37, wherein the soft continuous lens body has a uniform thickness throughout the optical zone.

39. A lens according to any one of claims 27 to 37, wherein the soft continuous lens body has a non-uniform thickness across the optical zone.

40. 40. The lens of claim 39, wherein the soft continuous lens body further comprises an axisymmetric lens volume.

41. The lens of any one of claims 27 to 40, wherein the thickness of the soft, continuous lens body in the optical zone is from about 50 μm to about 500 μm.

42. The lens of any one of claims 27 to 41, wherein the non-optical zone has a diameter of from about 2 mm to about 16 mm.

43. A lens according to any one of claims 27 to 42, wherein the at least one discrete discontinuity is located within the optical zone.

44. A lens according to any one of claims 27 to 42, wherein the at least one discrete discontinuity is located within the non-optical region.

45. A lens according to any one of claims 27 to 42, wherein the at least one discrete discontinuity is located in both the optic and non-optic zones.

46. A lens according to any one of claims 27 to 45, wherein the at least one discrete discontinuity is located on the anterior surface of the lens.

47. A lens according to any one of claims 27 to 45, wherein the at least one discrete discontinuity is located on the posterior surface of the lens.

48. A lens according to any one of claims 27 to 45, wherein the at least one discrete discontinuity is located on both the anterior and posterior surfaces.

49. The lens of any one of claims 1 to 48, wherein the at least one discrete discontinuity is a channel, a fenestration, a groove, an opening, a slit, a thinned portion, or any combination thereof.

50. A lens according to any preceding claim, wherein the at least one discrete discontinuity is a channel.

51. A lens according to any one of claims 1 to 50, wherein the at least one discrete discontinuity is a channel further configured to allow liquid to flow into and out of the free volume.

52. A lens according to any preceding claim, wherein the at least one discrete discontinuity is a groove.

53. 53. The lens of any one of claims 1 to 52, wherein the at least one discrete discontinuity is a groove further configured to reduce mechanical strain on the soft continuous lens body.

54. A lens according to any preceding claim, wherein the at least one discrete discontinuity is a fenestration.

55. 55. A lens according to any preceding claim, wherein the at least one discrete discontinuity is a fenestration further configured to allow liquid to flow into and out of the free volume.

56. 56. The lens of any one of claims 1-55, wherein at least a portion of the soft continuous lens body is configured to conform to the corneal surface of the eye to create a deformation of the continuous lens body, and wherein the at least one discontinuity is further configured to substantially prevent transmission of the deformation to a non-conforming portion of the soft continuous lens body.

57. A lens according to any preceding claim, wherein the lens is free of protrusions extending from the posterior surface.

58. 58. The lens of any one of claims 1 to 57, wherein the lens has a diameter of about 8 mm to about 17 mm.

59. 59. The lens of any one of claims 1 to 58, wherein the free volume between the posterior surface of the soft continuous lens body and the corneal surface has a total volume of about 0.001 μL to 10 μL.

60. 60. The lens of any one of claims 1-59, wherein at least one sector of the soft continuous lens body from a center of the soft continuous lens body to a periphery of the soft continuous lens body is configured to float above the corneal surface when the continuous lens body is placed on the corneal surface, forming at least a portion of the free volume.

61. 61. The lens of claim 60, wherein any of the at least one sector of the soft continuous lens body is capable of floating above the corneal surface to form at least a portion of the free volume when the continuous lens body is placed on the corneal surface.

62. A lens according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lens is a bifocal or multifocal lens.

63. 1. A method for correcting ocular refractive error of the eye, comprising: A method comprising providing the soft contact lens of any one of claims 1 to 62.

64. 1. A method for correcting ocular refractive error of the eye, comprising: A method of applying the soft contact lens of any one of claims 1 to 62 to an eye.

65. 1. A method for forming a tear lens, comprising: A method of applying the soft contact lens of any one of claims 1 to 62 to an eye.

66. 66. The method of claim 65, wherein the tear lens is formed with an asymmetric volume distribution by applying the soft contact lens to the eye.

67. 66. The method of claim 65, wherein the asymmetric volume distribution corrects one or more of corneal irregularities, coma, astigmatism, or higher order aberrations of the eye.

68. 68. The method of claim 66 or 67, wherein in the asymmetric volume distribution, the volume of a first tear lens sector is different from the volume of a second tear lens sector located directly opposite the first tear lens sector.

69. 69. The method of claim 68, wherein the volume of the first tear lens sector is different from the volume of the second tear lens sector, thereby correcting coma of the eye.

70. 1. A method for correcting ocular refractive error of the eye, comprising: providing optical correction to a subject's eye using an optical zone of a soft contact lens and a free volume between a posterior surface of the lens and a corneal surface when placed on the eye, wherein at least one discontinuity in the soft contact lens allows tears to flow into the free volume to form a tear lens over an ocular anomaly to correct ocular refractive error of the eye. A method comprising:

71. 1. A method for forming a tear lens, comprising: applying a soft contact lens having the continuum to the eye so as to form a free volume between a posterior surface of the continuum and a corneal surface of the eye; at least one discontinuity in the soft contact lens allows tear fluid to enter the free volume to form a tear lens over the ocular abnormality to correct the ocular refractive error of the eye; method.

72. 72. The method of any one of claims 63 to 71, wherein the soft contact lens is applied to the eye in any orientation such that the lens corrects the ocular refractive error of the eye, regardless of the orientation of the lens relative to the eye's meridian.

73. The soft contact lens has a viscosity of about 1.25E+0.4 MPa*μm ３ ~Approx. 5.00E+08 1.25E+0.4MPa*μm ３ 73. The method of any one of claims 63 to 72, wherein the stiffness range is

74. 74. The method of any one of claims 63 to 73, wherein the ocular refractive error results from one or more of corneal irregularities, coma, astigmatism, or higher order aberrations of the eye.

75. 74. The method of claim 73, wherein the ocular refractive error is astigmatism of the eye.

76. 76. A method according to any one of claims 63 to 75, wherein one or both of the anterior surface of the lens or the posterior surface of the lens is axisymmetric.

77. A method according to any one of claims 63 to 76, wherein the optic zone of the lens has a uniform thickness.

78. A method according to any one of claims 63 to 77, wherein the optic zone of the lens has a non-uniform thickness.

79. 79. The method of any one of claims 63 to 78, wherein the soft contact lens is made of a single material.

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