Communication method and communication device

Abstract

An embodiment of the present application provides a communication method. The method is applicable to wireless local area network systems supporting 802.11 series protocols, such as next-generation Wi-Fi protocols of IEEE 802.11ax, such as 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT, or, as another example, next-generation protocols of 802.11be, Wi-Fi 8, UHR, or Wi-Fi AI, and may also be applicable to ultra-wideband UWB-based wireless personal area network systems and sensing systems. The method includes: a transmitting end device generating and transmitting a PPDU, where the PPDU includes a high-frequency physical layer signal, the high-frequency physical layer signal being carried on subcarriers of a high-frequency channel, and the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating a basic physical layer signal M times. The basic physical layer signal is replicated M times for transmission, thereby reducing the transmission rate of the high-frequency physical layer signal and making the high-frequency physical layer signal suitable for transmission in scenarios with a low signal-to-noise ratio.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202211083804.3, filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on September 6, 2022, entitled "Communication Method and Communication Apparatus," which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, and more particularly to communication methods and communication devices. [Background technology]

[0003] With the development of wireless local area networks (WLANs), wireless communication has become increasingly widespread. The standards established by the International Society of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for WLANs have also continuously evolved, evolving from protocol standards supporting low-band communications to protocol standards supporting high-band communications. For example, protocol standards for low-frequency bands include 802.11a / g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, and 802.11be, and supported frequency bands include one or more of 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz; protocol standards for high-frequency bands include 802.11aj / ay, and supported frequency bands include one or more of 45 GHz and 60 GHz.

[0004] In low-band communications at 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz, an omnidirectional wide beam is usually used. In high-band communications at 45 GHz or 60 GHz, a directional narrow beam is usually used for communications. Therefore, beam search and alignment need to be performed in high-band communications. During beam search and alignment, when an omnidirectional beam is used at one side of the transmitting end or receiving end and a directional beam is used at the other side, the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmitted signal needs to be low. Considering the relationship between the signal-to-noise ratio of a signal and the transmission speed of the signal (e.g., Shannon's formula), the transmission speed of the signal can be adjusted to adjust the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal. How to adjust the transmission speed of a signal in a high-band communications scenario has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, in which a signal mode is designed for a high-frequency signal, reducing the transmission speed of the high-frequency signal, so that the high-frequency signal is suitable for transmission in a communication scenario with a low signal-to-noise ratio.

[0006] According to a first aspect, a communication method is provided. The method may be performed by a transmitting end device or a component (e.g., a chip or circuit) of the transmitting end device. This is not limited. For ease of explanation, devices or components that perform the method will be collectively referred to as transmitting end devices below for the purpose of explanation. The transmitting end device may be an Access Point (AP) or a non-AP station (STA).

[0007] The communication method includes: a transmitting end device generating a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU), where the PPDU includes a high-frequency physical layer signal, the high-frequency physical layer signal is carried on a subcarrier of a high-frequency channel, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating a basic physical layer signal M times; and the transmitting end device transmits the PPDU to a receiving end device.

[0008] According to a second aspect, a communication method is provided. The method may be performed by a receiving end device, or may be performed by a component (e.g., a chip or a circuit) of the receiving end device. This is not limited. For ease of explanation, the device or component that performs the method will be collectively referred to as a receiving end device below for the purpose of explanation. The receiving end device may be an AP or a non-AP STA. For example, when the transmitting end device is an AP, the receiving end device is a non-AP STA. In another example, when the transmitting end device is a non-AP STA, the receiving end device is an AP.

[0009] The communication method includes: a receiving end device receiving a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) from a transmitting end device, and the receiving end device demodulates the PPDU, where the PPDU includes a high-frequency physical layer signal, the high-frequency physical layer signal is carried on a subcarrier of a high-frequency channel, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the time length required to first generate a basic physical layer signal for the payload, then replicate the basic physical layer signal M times to obtain a high-frequency physical layer signal, and transmit the high-frequency physical layer signal is a first time length. If the high-frequency physical layer signal is directly generated and transmitted through modulation for the payload (without the process of replicating the basic physical layer signal M times), the required time length is approximately 1 / M of the first time length. Therefore, in the method of generating a high-frequency physical layer signal in this embodiment, the transmission rate of a signal corresponding to the same payload is reduced by approximately M times compared to the transmission rate of a signal not obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal. As a result of the reduced transmission rate of the signal, the signal is suitable for and can be transmitted in communication scenarios with low signal-to-noise ratios.

[0011] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the carrier spacing between subcarriers included in the high frequency channel is N times the carrier spacing between subcarriers included in the low frequency channel, where N is greater than 1.

[0012] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, M relates to at least one of the following parameters: the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal, the low-frequency signal mode corresponding to the high-frequency physical layer signal, or the preset target transmission rate of the PPDU.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the specific manner of determining M is not limited in the present application, and the value of M may be related to different parameters, so as to improve the flexibility of the solution.

[0014] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz and M is 32; or the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz and M is 6; or the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 320 MHz and M is 4.

[0015] According to the above technical solutions, the present application may have different possibilities for the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal, which means that the present application can adapt to different communication bandwidths.

[0016] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the PPDU further includes a preamble portion, and the preamble portion is obtained by replicating an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM symbol M times.

[0017] According to the above technical solution, the preamble part of the PPDU can be obtained by replicating the OFDM symbol M times. Specifically, the replication of the preamble part of the PPDU can be performed through time domain replication. The receiving end device can directly superimpose the OFDM symbol, which is simple and easy to implement.

[0018] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times, which includes: the high-frequency physical layer signal is generated based on at least a modulation code carried on M sets of data subcarriers, each set of the M sets of data subcarriers including P data subcarriers, and the basic physical layer signal includes a modulation code carried on the P data subcarriers.

[0019] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times includes: the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times based on a sequence, the sequence including M elements or M-1 elements.

[0020] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a set of data subcarriers, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is generated based on the modulation codes carried on M sets of data subcarriers, where the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers to the Mth set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained based on a sequence and the modulation codes carried on the set of data subcarriers, and the sequence includes M elements.

[0021] In an implementation, the modulation codes carried on one set of data subcarriers are modulation codes carried on a first set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers. Alternatively, the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a first set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers corresponding to a high-frequency physical layer signal, and the modulation codes carried on sets of data subcarriers from the second set to the Mth set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers based on a sequence, where the sequence includes M−1 elements.

[0022] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, M is 6, P is 8, and the sequence is [1 1 1 -1 1 -1] or [1 1 -1 1 -1]; or the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz, M is 32, P is 7, and the sequence is [1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1] or [1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1].

[0023] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times includes: the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times based on a matrix, the matrix including P×M elements or P×(M-1) elements.

[0024] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a set of data subcarriers, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is generated based on the modulation code carried on M sets of data subcarriers, where the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers to the Mth set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained based on a matrix and the modulation codes carried on the set of data subcarriers, and the matrix includes P×M elements.

[0025] In an implementation, the modulation codes carried on the set of data subcarriers are the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers.

[0026] Alternatively, the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a first set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers corresponding to the high-frequency physical layer signal, and the modulation codes carried on the second set to the Mth set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation code carried on the first set of data subcarriers based on a matrix, where the matrix includes P×(M−1) elements.

[0027] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, M is 6, P is 8, and the matrix is:

number

number

number

number

[0028] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times includes:

[0029] The high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times based on a replication mode, which includes at least one of: performing code inversion for modulation codes carried in even subcarriers and keeping modulation codes carried in odd subcarriers unchanged; or performing code inversion for modulation codes carried in odd subcarriers and keeping modulation codes carried in even subcarriers unchanged; or replicating modulation codes carried in all subcarriers; or performing code inversion for modulation codes carried in all subcarriers.

[0030] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a set of data subcarriers, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is generated based on the modulation code carried on M sets of data subcarriers, where the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers to the Mth set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation code carried on the set of data subcarriers M times based on a replication mode.

[0031] In an implementation, the modulation codes carried on the set of data subcarriers are the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers.

[0032] Alternatively, the basic physical layer signal, the modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers corresponding to the high-frequency physical layer signal, and the modulation codes carried in the second set to the Mth set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers by a factor M−1 based on the replication mode.

[0033] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, when the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 320M, M is 4, and the total number of data subcarriers is 52, the duplication mode includes: replicating modulation codes carried on data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers and performing code inversion on modulation codes carried on even number of data subcarriers to obtain modulation codes carried on the second set of data subcarriers; replicating modulation codes carried on data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers and performing code inversion on modulation codes carried on 13 data subcarriers to obtain modulation codes carried on the third set of data subcarriers; and replicating modulation codes carried on data subcarriers in the second set of data subcarriers to obtain modulation codes of the fourth set of data subcarriers.

[0034] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the second set of data subcarriers through the Mth set of data subcarriers correspond to different replication modes.

[0035] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times includes: the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times based on an extension sequence, where the basic physical layer signal is a signal obtained through binary convolutional code BCC encoding, and the extension sequence includes M elements.

[0036] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, when M is 4, the extended sequence is [1 0 0 1].

[0037] According to the above technical solution, the transmitting end device can replicate the basic physical layer signal in different ways to obtain the data part of the PPDU, so that the flexibility of the solution is improved.

[0038] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the modulation codes carried in the M sets of data subcarriers are Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulation codes.

[0039] According to the above technical solution, a better effect of reducing the transmission rate of high-frequency physical layer signals is achieved when BPSK modulation is used.

[0040] In some implementations of the first or second aspect, the data subcarriers are subcarriers of the high-frequency physical layer signal other than the guard subcarriers, the DC subcarriers, and the pilot subcarriers.

[0041] According to a third aspect, there is provided a communication device configured to perform the method provided in the first aspect or any one of the implementations of the first aspect. Specifically, the communication device may include units and / or modules (e.g., a processing unit and a transceiver unit) for performing the method provided in the first aspect or any one of the implementations of the first aspect.

[0042] In implementation, the communication device is a transmitting end device. The transmitting and receiving unit may be a transceiver or an input / output interface. The processing unit may be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0043] In another implementation, the communication device may be a chip, a chip system, or a circuit in a transmitting end device. In this case, the transceiver unit may be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin, an associated circuit, or the like in the chip, the chip system, or the circuit; and the processing unit may be at least one processor, a processing circuit, a logic circuit, or the like.

[0044] Specifically, the communication device includes: a processing unit configured to generate a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU), where the PPDU includes a high-frequency physical layer signal, the high-frequency physical layer signal is carried on a subcarrier of a high-frequency channel, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating a basic physical layer signal M times; and a transmitting unit configured to transmit the PPDU to a receiving end device.

[0045] According to a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device is configured to perform the method provided in the second aspect or any one of the implementations of the second aspect. Specifically, the communication device may include units and / or modules (e.g., a processing unit and a transceiver unit) for performing the method provided in the second aspect or any one of the implementations of the second aspect.

[0046] In implementation, the communication device is a receiving end device. The transceiver unit may be a transceiver or an input / output interface. The processing unit may be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0047] In another implementation, the communication device may be a chip, a chip system, or a circuit in a receiving end device. In this case, the transceiver unit may be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin, an associated circuit, or the like in the chip, the chip system, or the circuit; and the processing unit may be at least one processor, a processing circuit, a logic circuit, or the like.

[0048] Specifically, the communication device comprises: a receiving unit configured to receive a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) from a transmitting end device; and a processing unit configured to demodulate the PPDU, where the PPDU includes a high-frequency physical layer signal, the high-frequency physical layer signal is carried on a subcarrier of a high-frequency channel, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating a basic physical layer signal M times.

[0049] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the carrier spacing between subcarriers included in the high frequency channel is N times the carrier spacing between subcarriers included in the low frequency channel, where N is greater than 1.

[0050] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, M relates to at least one of the following parameters: the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal, the low-frequency signal mode corresponding to the high-frequency physical layer signal, or a preset target transmission rate of the PPDU.

[0051] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz and M is 32; or the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz and M is 6; or the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 320 MHz and M is 4.

[0052] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the PPDU further includes a preamble portion, and the preamble portion is obtained by replicating an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM symbol M times.

[0053] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times, including: the high-frequency physical layer signal is generated based on at least a modulation code carried on M sets of data subcarriers, each set of the M sets of data subcarriers including P data subcarriers, and the basic physical layer signal includes a modulation code carried on the P data subcarriers.

[0054] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times includes: the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times based on a sequence, wherein the sequence includes M elements or M-1 elements.

[0055] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a set of data subcarriers, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is generated based on the modulation codes carried on M sets of data subcarriers, where the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers to the Mth set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained based on a sequence and the modulation codes carried on the set of data subcarriers, and the sequence includes M elements.

[0056] In an implementation, the modulation codes carried on the set of data subcarriers are the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers.

[0057] Alternatively, the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried in a first set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers corresponding to the high-frequency physical layer signal, and the modulation codes carried in the second set to the Mth set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation code carried in the first set of data subcarriers based on a sequence, where the sequence includes M−1 elements.

[0058] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, M is 6, P is 8, and the sequence is [1 1 1 -1 1 -1] or [1 1 -1 1 -1]; or the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz, M is 32, P is 7, and the sequence is [1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 -1] or [1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1].

[0059] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times includes: the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times based on a matrix, the matrix including P×M elements or P×(M-1) elements.

[0060] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a set of data subcarriers, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is generated based on the modulation code carried on M sets of data subcarriers, where the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers to the Mth set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained based on a matrix and the modulation codes carried on the set of data subcarriers, and the matrix includes P×M elements.

[0061] In an implementation, the modulation codes carried on the set of data subcarriers are the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers.

[0062] Alternatively, the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a first set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers corresponding to the high-frequency physical layer signal, and the modulation codes carried on the second set to the Mth set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation code carried on the first set of data subcarriers based on a matrix, where the matrix includes P×(M−1) elements.

[0063] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, M is 6, P is 8, and the matrix is:

number

number

number

number

[0064] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times, including:

[0065] The high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times based on a replication mode, which includes at least one of: performing code inversion for modulation codes carried in even subcarriers and keeping modulation codes carried in odd subcarriers unchanged; or performing code inversion for modulation codes carried in odd subcarriers and keeping modulation codes carried in even subcarriers unchanged; or replicating modulation codes carried in all subcarriers; or performing code inversion for modulation codes carried in all subcarriers.

[0066] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a set of data subcarriers, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is generated based on the modulation code carried on M sets of data subcarriers, where the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers to the Mth set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation code carried on the set of data subcarriers M times based on a replication mode.

[0067] In an implementation, the modulation codes carried on the set of data subcarriers are the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers.

[0068] Alternatively, the basic physical layer signal, the modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers corresponding to the high-frequency physical layer signal, and the modulation codes carried in the second set to the Mth set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers by a factor M−1 based on the replication mode.

[0069] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, when the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 320M, M is 4, and the total number of data subcarriers is 52, the duplication mode includes: replicating modulation codes carried on data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers and performing code inversion on modulation codes carried on even number of data subcarriers to obtain modulation codes carried on the second set of data subcarriers; replicating modulation codes carried on data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers and performing code inversion on modulation codes carried on 13 data subcarriers to obtain modulation codes carried on the third set of data subcarriers; and replicating modulation codes carried on data subcarriers in the second set of data subcarriers to obtain modulation codes of the fourth set of data subcarriers.

[0070] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the second set of data subcarriers through the Mth set of data subcarriers correspond to different replication modes.

[0071] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the modulation codes carried in the M sets of data subcarriers are BPSK modulation codes.

[0072] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the data subcarriers further include another data subcarrier different from the M sets of data subcarriers, and any BPSK modulation may be performed on the another data subcarrier.

[0073] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the data subcarriers are subcarriers of the high-frequency physical layer signal other than the guard subcarriers, the DC subcarriers, and the pilot subcarriers.

[0074] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times includes: the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times based on an extension sequence, where the basic physical layer signal is a signal obtained through binary convolutional code BCC encoding, and the extension sequence includes M elements.

[0075] In some implementations of the third or fourth aspect, when M is 4, the extended sequence is [1 0 0 1].

[0076] For the technical effects of the method shown in the third aspect or the fourth aspect and possible designs of the third aspect or the fourth aspect, please refer to the technical effects of the first aspect and possible designs of the first aspect.

[0077] According to a fifth aspect, the present application provides a processor configured to perform the method provided in the first or second aspect.

[0078] Transmitting, acquiring / receiving, and other operations related to a processor may be understood as output, receiving / input, and other operations of the processor, or transmitting and receiving operations performed by radio frequency circuits and antennas, unless otherwise specified or unless the operations contradict the actual function or internal logic of the operations in the relevant description. This is not a limitation in this application.

[0079] According to a sixth aspect, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed on a communication device, enables the communication device to perform a method according to either one of the implementations of the first or second aspect.

[0080] According to a seventh aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions, which when executed on a computer, enable the computer to perform the method provided in any one of the implementations of the first or second aspect.

[0081] According to an eighth aspect, there is provided a chip, the chip comprising a processor and a communication interface, the processor reading instructions stored in a memory through the communication interface and executing the method provided in any one of the implementations of the first or second aspect.

[0082] Optionally, in an implementation, the chip further includes a memory, the memory storing a computer program or instruction, and the processor configured to execute the computer program or instruction stored in the memory, the computer program or instruction being executed by the processor configured to perform the method provided in any one of the implementations of the first or second aspect.

[0083] According to a ninth aspect, there is provided a communication system including a communication device according to the third aspect and a communication device according to the fourth aspect. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0084] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram of a communication system in which a method according to an embodiment of the present application is applicable; [Figure 2] (a) to (d) show a number of different PPDU frame formats. [Figure 3] 1 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a process for generating OFDM symbols. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a process for generating the preamble portion of a PPDU. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a process for generating a high frequency physical layer signal. [Figure 7]FIG. 10 is a diagram of another process for generating a high frequency physical layer signal. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating obtaining a high-frequency physical layer signal by replicating a basic physical layer signal by a factor of M according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 9] (a) and (b) show the PAPR corresponding to different replication modes. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is another diagram of obtaining a high-frequency physical layer signal by replicating a basic physical layer signal by M times according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is yet another diagram of obtaining a high-frequency physical layer signal by replicating a basic physical layer signal by a factor M according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 12] 1 is a block diagram of a communication device 10 according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 13] 2 is a diagram of another communication device 20 according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 14] 1 is a diagram of a chip system 30 according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0085] Hereinafter, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0086] The communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to a wireless communication system in which a transmitting end device communicates with a receiving end device, specifically, the transmitting end device generates a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) and transmits the PPDU to the receiving end device through a high frequency channel.

[0087] For example, the wireless communication system may be a Wi-Fi (registered trademark) wireless communication system. As shown in FIG. 1, the Wi-Fi wireless communication system includes one or more access points (APs) and one or more stations (STAs) (also referred to as non-AP stations (non-AP STAs)). In FIG. 1, communication between one AP (AP shown in FIG. 1) and three STAs (STA#1, STA#2, and STA#3 shown in FIG. 1) is used as an example. In the embodiment of the present application, the transmitting end device may be an AP or a non-AP STA, and the receiving end device may also be an AP or a non-AP STA. For example, when the transmitting end device may be an AP, the receiving end device is a non-AP STA. In another example, when the transmitting end device may be a non-AP STA, the receiving end device is an AP. Specifically, a device in a Wi-Fi wireless communication system may function as both a transmitting end device and a receiving end device.

[0088] For example, in the embodiments of the present application, both APs and non-AP STAs include, but are not limited to, servers, routers, switches, bridges, computers, mobile phones, and other devices.

[0089] By way of example and not limitation, an AP may be an access point for terminal devices (e.g., mobile phones) to access a wired (or wireless) network, and is primarily deployed in homes, buildings, or campuses, with a typical coverage radius ranging from tens of meters to hundreds of meters, or it may naturally be deployed outdoors. An AP is equivalent to a bridge connecting wired and wireless networks, and is primarily intended to connect wireless network clients together and then connect the wireless network to an Ethernet.

[0090] By way of example and not limitation, the non-AP STA may be a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor, a wireless communication terminal, or the like, and may also be referred to as a user. For example, the non-AP STA may be a mobile phone supporting a Wi-Fi communication function, a tablet computer supporting a Wi-Fi communication function, a set-top box supporting a Wi-Fi communication function, a smart TV supporting a Wi-Fi communication function, an intelligent wearable device supporting a Wi-Fi communication function, an in-vehicle communication device supporting a Wi-Fi communication function, or a computer supporting a Wi-Fi communication function.

[0091] For example, APs and non-AP STAs may be devices used in vehicles-to-everything, Internet of Things nodes in the Internet of Things (IoT), sensors, or the like, smart cameras, smart remote controls, or smart water or electricity meters in a smart home, or sensors in a smart city.

[0092] In another example, the AP and non-AP STAs may be devices that support the next generation 802.11be standard (eg, Ultra High reliability (UHR)).

[0093] It should be understood that the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application can be applied not only to the communication between an AP and one or more non-AP STAs, but also to the intercommunication between APs and non-AP STAs. For ease of explanation, the embodiments of the present application are described only by using an example in which an AP communicates with one or more non-AP STAs. However, this description does not constitute any limitation on the actual application scope of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. This is uniformly described here and will not be described in detail again below.

[0094] From 802.11a / g to 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, and the latest 802.11be for WLAN, the frequency used has expanded from only 2.4G to 2.4G / 5G, and then to the current 2.4G / 5G / 6G, and the supported bandwidth has expanded from 20MHz to 320MHz. Spectral efficiency and throughput have been continuously improved. In the next generation WLAN technology (e.g., UHR), the physical layer capabilities will be further improved, and the introduction of millimeter bands, e.g., 45GHz or 60GHz, is one of the important considerations.

[0095] In low-band communication at 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz, an omnidirectional wide beam is usually used. In high-band communication at 45 GHz or 60 GHz, a directional narrow beam is usually used for communication. Therefore, a dedicated beam search and alignment process, specifically, a process of aligning the direction of the transmitting beam at the transmitting end with the direction of the receiving beam at the receiving end, needs to be performed in high-band communication. The process of aligning the direction of the transmitting beam with the direction of the receiving beam includes the following:

[0096] First, the receiving end performs reception through an omnidirectional beam (or an approximately omnidirectional beam), and the transmitting end sequentially transmits sounding signals through the transmitting beams in all directions, and the receiving end receives the transmitting beams in all directions, selects the transmitting beam with the best signal quality, and notifies the transmitting end.

[0097] Second, the transmitting end transmits a sounding signal through a transmitting beam with the best signal quality, and the receiving end sequentially receives the sounding signal through receiving beams in all directions and selects a receiving beam with the best signal quality.

[0098] During beam searching, when an omnidirectional beam is used at one side of the transmitting end or the receiving end and a directional beam is used at the other side, the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmitted signal needs to be low (e.g., the signal-to-noise ratio is much lower than that in the case where directional beams are used at both the transmitting end and the receiving end). The relevant relationship between the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal and the transmission rate of the signal is taken into consideration. An example is as follows:

[0099] C=B log2(1+S / N)b / s, where C is the transmission rate of the signal, B is the bandwidth of the channel, S is the average power of the signal transmitted in the channel, N is the Gaussian noise power in the channel, and S / N is the signal-to-noise ratio. From the above formula, it can be seen that a higher signal-to-noise ratio in the channel indicates a higher transmission rate of the signal, and conversely, a lower transmission rate of the signal indicates a lower signal-to-noise ratio.

[0100] Therefore, the transmission rate of the signal can be adjusted to adjust the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal. In the present application, the following will describe in detail how to design a signal mode for a high-frequency signal to reduce the transmission rate of the high-frequency signal so that the high-frequency signal is suitable for transmission in a communication scenario with a low signal-to-noise ratio.

[0101] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, several basic concepts in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described. The basic concepts below will be briefly described by using the basic concepts specified in the WLAN protocol as an example, but it should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not necessarily applicable only to WLAN systems. Therefore, when a WLAN system is used as an example for explanation, all names of standards that appear are functional descriptions, and specific names are not limiting but only indicate the functions of the devices, and may be extended to correspond to other systems, such as NR systems or future communication systems.

[0102] 1. PPDU frame structure: The PPDU frame structure in this application generally includes a preamble part and a data part. A physical layer signal is transmitted by using the PPDU. In different WLAN protocols, the PPDU frame structure varies to some extent. Optionally, the PPDU frame structure in this application includes, but is not limited to, the following types:

[0103] (1) PPDU frame structure in High Throughput (HT) mode defined in the 802.11n standard: As shown in FIG. 2(a), a PPDU in HT mode can be divided into two parts: a preamble part and a data part.

[0104] One part is called the pre-HT field, which is a preamble part that uses the modulation scheme of a legacy frame, including a legacy preamble (e.g., L-STF or L-LTF), a legacy signal (e.g., L-SIG), and a high-throughput signal field (HT-SIG). The preamble part further includes a part called the HT field that uses HT modulation, including a high-throughput short training field (HT-STF) and a high-throughput long training field (HT-LTF).

[0105] The other part is a data part called a data field (Data) in which HT modulation is used.

[0106] (2) PPDU frame structure in the Very High Throughput (VHT) mode defined in the 802.11ac standard: As shown in FIG. 2(b), the PPDU in the VHT mode can be divided into two parts.

[0107] One part is called the pre-VHT field, which is a preamble part that uses the modulation scheme of a legacy frame, including a legacy preamble (e.g., L-STF or L-LTF), a legacy signal (e.g., L-SIG), and a Very High Throughput Signal Field A (VHT-SIG-A). The preamble part further includes a part called the VHT field that uses VHT modulation, including a Very High Throughput Short Training Field (VHT-STF), a Very High Throughput Long Training Field (VHT-LTF), and a Very High Throughput Signal Field B (VHT-SIG-B).

[0108] The other part is a data part called a data field (Data) in which VHT modulation is used.

[0109] (3) PPDU frame structure in High Efficiency (HE) mode defined in the 802.11ax standard: As shown in (c) of Figure 2, the PPDU in HE mode can be divided into two parts.

[0110] The preamble portion includes a pre-HE field. Specifically, the pre-HE field includes a legacy preamble (L-STF or L-LTF), a legacy signal (L-SIG or Repeated Legacy-Signal Field, RL-SIG), a high-efficiency throughput signal field A (HE-SIG-A, High Efficiency Signal Field A), and a high-efficiency throughput signal field B (HE-SIG-B, High Efficiency Signal Field B) in the PPDU. The preamble portion further includes a high-efficiency throughput short training field (HE-STF, High Efficiency Short Training Field) and a very high-efficiency throughput long training field (HE-LTF, High Efficiency Long Training Field).

[0111] The other part is the data part (Data).

[0112] The high-throughput short training field and the very high-throughput long training field of the preamble portion and the data portion are referred to as the HE field.

[0113] (4) PPDU Frame Structure Defined in the 802.11be Standard: (d) of FIG. 2 shows the frame structure of an extremely high throughput (EHT) PPDU used in the 802.11be standard.

[0114] The EHT PPDU can be divided into two parts.

[0115] The preamble portion includes a legacy preamble (L-preamble) and an extremely high throughput preamble (EHT-preamble).

[0116] The L-preamble portion includes an L-STF field, an L-LTF field, and an L-SIG field.

[0117] The EHT preamble portion includes an RL-SIG field, a universal SIG (U-SIG) field, an extremely high throughput signal (EHT-SIG) field, an extremely high throughput short training field (EHT-STF), and an extremely high throughput long training field (EHT-LTF).

[0118] The U-SIG field occupies two OFDM symbols, e.g., U-SIG SYM1 and U-SIG SYM2, as shown in Figure 2(d). The universal field (U-SIG) field may include a version independent info field, a version dependent info field, a cyclic redundancy code (CRC) field, and a tail field. The version independent info field may include a 3-bit wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) version field, a 1-bit downlink / uplink field, a BSS color field including at least 6 bits, and a transmit opportunity (TXOP) field including at least 7 bits.

[0119] Furthermore, the version-unrelated information field may further include a bandwidth field. The version-unrelated information field may include a PPDU format field and the like, and may further include one or more of a modulation and coding scheme field, a spatial flow field, a coding field, and other fields. The CRC field occupies at least 4 bits, and the tail field occupies a tail bit field of at least 6 bits.

[0120] The data portion includes a physical layer convergence protocol service data unit (PSDU).

[0121] It can be understood that 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, and 802.11be are all WLAN protocols based on OFDM technology. In addition, it should be noted that the PPDU frame format in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the PPDU frame formats defined in the above protocols. The above PPDU frame formats are merely examples and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. For example, the PPDU frame format in the embodiments of the present application may alternatively be a PPDU defined in a next-generation or future WLAN protocol.

[0122] 2. OFDM Technology: OFDM is the basic transmission mode in current wireless communications and is widely used in wireless communication systems such as LTE, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX®), and Wi-Fi. In addition, OFDM is also used in fixed network transmission, such as transmission modes using optical fiber, standard copper wire, cable, or the like. The basic principle of OFDM is as follows: a signal to be transmitted is divided into N sub-signals within a permitted range based on the orthogonality of the sub-carriers, and then the N orthogonal sub-carriers are modulated by using the N sub-signals, respectively. Since the sub-carrier spectra overlap with each other, high spectral efficiency can be achieved. In addition, in OFDM technology, the sub-carrier spacing is compressed to a minimum value. This can ensure that multiple parallel channels can be formed without mutual interference and improve the frequency utilization rate of the system.

[0123] For example, an implementation based on OFDM technology may include: at the transmitting end, serial-to-parallel conversion and IFFT conversion are sequentially performed on the signal to be transmitted. Then, the parallel data is converted into serial data, and a guard period (also called a "cyclic prefix") is added to the serial data to form an OFDM code. When the clocks at the transmitting end and the receiving end are synchronized (if the clocks are not synchronized, clock synchronization must be performed first), the process of demodulating the received signal by the receiving end may include: analog-to-digital conversion, serial-to-parallel conversion, cyclic prefix removal, DFT, residual frequency offset and phase noise processing (i.e., pilot signal processing), channel equalization, parallel-to-serial conversion, numerical demodulation, and channel decoding. After receiving the signal, the receiving end converts the analog signal into a digital signal by using an analog-to-digital converter. Similar to the case at the transmitting end, one of the parameters of the digital-to-analog converter is the sampling point rate or carrier spacing.

[0124] In WLAN technology, it can be understood that the subcarriers of an OFDM symbol can include guard subcarriers, DC subcarriers, data subcarriers, and pilot subcarriers. The guard subcarriers and DC subcarriers do not carry signals. This can also be considered as the values ​​of the signals carried in the guard subcarriers and the DC subcarriers being 0. The data subcarriers are used to carry payload information. The pilot subcarriers are used to carry pilot signals. The value of the pilot signal is usually 1 or -1, and the pilot signal is used to estimate the remaining frequency offset and phase noise.

[0125] 3. Peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR): For a signal sequence, the PAPR is the ratio of the instantaneous peak power of the signal to the average signal power, and can be expressed by using the following equation:

number

number

number

[0126] An OFDM signal contains multiple subcarrier signals. The subcarrier signals are independently modulated by using different modulation codes. Compared with conventional constant envelope modulation schemes, OFDM modulation has a very high peak factor. The reason is as follows: an OFDM signal is the sum of many small signals, and the phases of these small signals are determined based on the transmitted data sequence. For some data, these small signals may have the same phase and thus overlap in amplitude, resulting in a very large instantaneous peak amplitude. If the peak-to-average ratio is excessively large, the complexity of the A / D and D / A increases and the efficiency of the radio frequency power amplifier decreases. In addition, at the transmitting end, the maximum output power of the amplifier limits the signal peak value. This causes interference within the OFDM frequency band and between adjacent frequency bands.

[0127] Specifically, OFDM systems have the disadvantage of high PAPR. Especially in high bandwidths, a larger number of subcarriers results in higher PAPR, which leads to nonlinear signal distortion and system performance degradation. Therefore, PAPR is an important indicator for OFDM signal design.

[0128] 4. Number of OFDM subcarriers: Determined based on both the bandwidth (or 1 / sampling interval) and the OFDM code length (or number of sampling points).

[0129] The total number of subcarriers is equal to the bandwidth multiplied by the OFDM code length. For example, in 802.11, the bandwidth is 20 MHz, or 20*1e6 Hz, and the OFDM code length is 3.2 μs (excluding CP), or 3.2*1e-6 s. The bandwidth is multiplied by the OFDM code length: 20*1e6*3.2*1e-6=64, where 64 indicates there are a total of 64 subcarriers.

[0130] 5. Spread Spectrum Technology: This is called spread spectrum communication and is characterized by the fact that the bandwidth used to transmit information is much higher than the bandwidth of the information itself. In spread spectrum communication technology, spread spectrum modulation is performed at the transmitting end through spread spectrum coding, and the information is received at the receiving end by using related demodulation technology. This process gives spread spectrum communication technology many excellent features. Spread spectrum communication technology is an information transmission mode. In spread spectrum communication technology, the frequency bandwidth occupied by the signal is much higher than the minimum bandwidth required to transmit the information. Bandwidth spreading is implemented through coding and modulation by using an unrelated code sequence and is independent of the information data being transmitted. At the receiving end, the related synchronous reception, despreading, and recovery of the transmitted information data are performed by using the same code.

[0131] 6. High-Frequency Physical Layer Signal: The high-frequency physical layer signal in this application may be understood to be obtained based on the physical layer signal carrier spacing defined in the enhanced protocol (e.g., 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, or 802.11be protocol).

[0132] Specifically, for a high-frequency channel, during signal transmission, the carrier spacing corresponding to the high-frequency channel is set to N times (N>1) the carrier spacing corresponding to the low-frequency channel. Specifically, the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by increasing the carrier spacing of the low-frequency physical layer signal. In this way, the manner of transmitting the high-frequency physical layer signal is the same as the manner of transmitting the low-frequency physical layer signal. This reduces the complexity of designing a baseband chip compatible with high and low frequencies.

[0133] It should be understood that the specific WLAN protocol defining the physical layer signal in which the carrier spacing is increased to obtain the high-frequency physical layer signal is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The physical layer signal may be the physical layer signal defined in the above-mentioned multiple protocol standards for the low frequency band, or may be the physical layer signal defined in a future protocol standard for the low frequency band. Details will not be described in this specification.

[0134] 7. DUP modulation: the modulation codes carried on the data subcarriers are duplicated. In the present application, this may be understood as meaning that the modulation codes carried on at least some of the data subcarriers are obtained by duplicating the modulation codes corresponding to the basic physical layer signal.

[0135] For example, the DUP modulation scheme in 802.11be can be described as follows:

[0136] (1) For an 80M bandwidth, the bandwidth includes 1024 subcarriers, and the 1024 subcarriers include two resource units, each including 484 subcarriers, and the values ​​of signals carried on the other subcarriers are set to 0. Each of the two resource units includes 16 pilot subcarriers and 468 data subcarriers. The 468 data subcarriers are divided into two parts. The first part is 234 data subcarriers with low frequencies, and the second part is 234 data subcarriers with high frequencies. For the first part of the first resource unit, BPSK modulation is performed on the 234 data subcarriers to obtain the modulation code carried in the first part of the first resource unit. For the second part of the first resource unit, the modulation code carried in the 234 data subcarriers in the first part of the first resource unit is duplicated, and code inversion is performed on the modulation code carried in the odd number of data subcarriers (1, 3, 5, ...).

[0137] For the first portion of the second resource unit, the modulation codes carried on the 234 data subcarriers in the first portion of the first resource unit are duplicated and the modulation codes carried on all data subcarriers are inverted. For the second portion of the second resource unit, the modulation codes carried on the 234 data subcarriers in the second portion of the first resource unit are duplicated.

[0138] (2) For a bandwidth of 160M, the bandwidth includes 2048 subcarriers, and the 2048 subcarriers include two resource units, each including 996 subcarriers, and signals carried on the other subcarriers are set to 0. Each of the two resource units includes 16 pilot subcarriers and 980 data subcarriers. The 980 data subcarriers are divided into two parts. The first part is 490 data subcarriers with low frequencies, and the second part is 490 data subcarriers with high frequencies. For the first part of the first resource unit, BPSK modulation is performed on the 490 data subcarriers to obtain the modulation code carried in the first part of the first resource unit. For the second part of the first resource unit, the modulation code carried in the 490 data subcarriers in the first part of the first resource unit is duplicated, and code inversion is performed on the modulation code carried in the odd number of data subcarriers (1, 3, 5, ...). For the first portion of the second resource unit, the modulation codes carried on the 490 data subcarriers in the first portion of the first resource unit are replicated and the modulation codes carried on all data subcarriers are inverted. For the second portion of the second resource unit, the modulation codes carried on the 490 data subcarriers in the second portion of the first resource unit are replicated.

[0139] (3) For a bandwidth of 320M, the bandwidth includes 4096 subcarriers, and the 4096 subcarriers include four resource units, each including 996 subcarriers, and signals carried on the other subcarriers are set to 0. Each of the four resource units includes 16 pilot subcarriers and 980 data subcarriers. For the first resource unit, BPSK modulation is performed on the 980 data subcarriers to obtain the modulation code carried on the first portion of the first resource unit. For the second resource unit, the modulation code carried on the 980 data subcarriers in the first resource unit is duplicated, and code inversion is performed on the modulation code carried on the odd number of data subcarriers (1, 3, 5, ...). For the third resource unit, the modulation code carried on the 980 data subcarriers in the first resource unit is duplicated, and the modulation code carried on all data subcarriers is inverted. For the fourth resource unit, the modulation symbols carried in the 980 data subcarriers in the second resource unit are replicated.

[0140] 8. Maximum ratio combining (MRC): A diversity reception technique intended to improve signal quality at the receiving end.

[0141] The basic principle is as follows: for the same signal from the transmitting end, multi-antenna reception is performed at the receiving end, so that the signal is received at the receiving end through multiple paths (multiple antennas). The probability that the quality of all of the multiple paths is poor at the same time is very low. Usually, the signal in one path is better than the signal in another path. At the receiving end, a specific algorithm is used to perform a weighted sum for the signals in all received paths. To improve the signal at the receiving end, the highest weight is assigned to the path with a good signal. When the signals in all of the multiple paths are poor, MRC techniques can be used to obtain a good received signal.

[0142] In scenarios with low signal-to-noise ratios, where an omnidirectional beam (or an approximate omnidirectional beam) is used on one side during high-band beam search, a control mode signal is designed in the 802.11ad / ay protocol. The basic idea is to use spread spectrum technology (e.g., 32x) based on a single carrier signal to reduce the signal transmission rate and adapt to scenarios with low signal-to-noise ratios.

[0143] However, high-frequency physical layer signals in next-generation WLAN protocols can be obtained by increasing the physical layer signal carrier spacing defined in the protocol (e.g., 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, or 802.11be protocol). In terms of signal processing method, single-carrier-based spread spectrum signals are significantly different from OFDM signals defined in 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, or 802.11be protocol or the like. If spread spectrum technology based on a single-carrier signal is used to reduce the signal transmission rate, this will not contribute to chip design or implementation.

[0144] The above briefly describes the problem that the method of reducing data transmission speed by using spread spectrum technology based on a single carrier signal does not contribute to chip design or implementation. To solve the current problem of difficulty in chip design and implementation due to the difference between single carrier-based spread spectrum signals and OFDM signals, a low-speed signal mode is designed based on OFDM signals to meet transmission conditions with low signal-to-noise ratios.

[0145] The technical solutions provided in the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the present application can be used in several different scenarios, including, but not limited to, the scenario shown in FIG.

[0146] It should be understood that the specific structure of the entity for executing the method provided in the embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited in the following embodiments, as long as the entity can execute a program recording the code of the method provided in the embodiment of the present application to perform communication according to the method provided in the embodiment of the present application. For example, the entity for executing the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may be a receiving end device or a transmitting end device, or a functional module of the receiving end device or the transmitting end device that can call and execute the program.

[0147] Without loss of generality, the interaction between a transmitting end device and a receiving end device is used as an example below to describe in detail the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, the transmitting end device can be the AP or STA, and the receiving end device can also be the AP or STA. Details will not be described again here.

[0148] 3 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. The method includes the following steps:

[0149] S310: The transmitting end device generates a PPDU.

[0150] Specifically, the PPDU includes a high-frequency physical layer signal, which is carried on a subcarrier of a high-frequency channel. For example, the high-frequency physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a subcarrier of the high-frequency channel. The high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating a basic physical layer signal M times. In this embodiment, the duplication can be understood as (duplicate, DUP).

[0151] In a possible implementation, the basic physical layer signal in this embodiment can be understood as follows: a modulation code carried on a subcarrier of a high-frequency channel and generated by modulating a payload (e.g., information bits to be transmitted) is used as the basic physical layer signal. The high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal (e.g., an upper-layer physical layer signal obtained through constellation mapping) M times. For example, the basic physical layer signal includes a modulation code carried on P subcarriers of the high-frequency channel, and the high-frequency physical layer signal includes a modulation code carried on Q subcarriers of the high-frequency channel. The modulation code carried on M×P subcarriers among the Q subcarriers of the high-frequency channel is obtained by replicating the modulation code carried on P subcarriers of the high-frequency channel M times. Optionally, subcarriers among the Q subcarriers of the high-frequency channel other than the M×P subcarriers may not carry information and may be supplemented with any BPSK modulation code, and the receiving end may not demodulate the BPSK modulation code.

[0152] Specifically, in this implementation, both the basic physical layer signal and the high-frequency physical layer signal in this embodiment can be understood as modulation codes carried on subcarriers of a high-frequency channel, with the difference being that the high-frequency physical layer signal is a signal obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times.

[0153] In another possible implementation, the basic physical layer signal in this embodiment can be understood as an encoded signal generated by modulating a payload (e.g., information bits to be transmitted). The high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times. For example, the basic physical layer signal includes P codewords, and the high-frequency physical layer signal includes modulation codes to which at least M×P codewords are mapped, carried on subcarriers of a high-frequency channel.

[0154] It should be understood that the above two implementations are merely examples to illustrate the case where the high-frequency physical layer signal in this embodiment includes a signal obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times. The specific replication mode and the specific stage in the signal modulation process where the output signal is the basic physical layer signal are not limited. The signal may be replicated at another stage in the process of modulating the payload to generate a signal suitable for transmission. Examples are not described here.

[0155] It can be understood that the time length required to first generate a basic physical layer signal for the payload, then duplicate the basic physical layer signal M times to obtain a high-frequency physical layer signal, and transmit the high-frequency physical layer signal is the first time length. If the high-frequency physical layer signal were directly generated and transmitted through modulation for the payload, the required time length would be approximately 1 / M of the first time length. Therefore, in the manner of generating a high-frequency physical layer signal in this embodiment, the transmission rate of a signal corresponding to the same payload is reduced by approximately M times. The reduced transmission rate of the signal makes the signal suitable for and can be transmitted in communication scenarios with low signal-to-noise ratios.

[0156] In this embodiment, the transmitting end device replicates the basic physical layer signal M times. In the replication process, the device may change the signs of multiple values ​​included in the basic physical layer signal (for example, in the replication process, the actual value is multiplied by 1 or −1, where multiplying the actual value by 1 can be understood as direct replication, and multiplying the actual value by −1 can be understood as replication with a sign change). Specifically, in this embodiment, replicating the basic physical layer signal M times is not limited to directly repeating the basic physical layer signal, but may alternatively be replicating the basic physical layer signal with a sign change. The signal obtained through each replication may be the same as the basic physical layer signal, or may be a signal whose code is different from that of the basic physical layer signal. The device replicating the basic physical layer signal M times may: use the basic physical layer signal as a signal set, and then replicate the basic physical layer signal M−1 times based on a replication factor including M−1 elements to obtain M times the basic physical layer signal; or replicate the basic physical layer signal based on a replication factor including M elements to obtain M times the basic physical layer signal. This is not limited to the present embodiment of the present invention.

[0157] The process of generating a PPDU by a transmitting end device will be described below with reference to a specific example, and the details will not be described in this specification.

[0158] For example, in this embodiment, the carrier spacing between the subcarriers included in the high-frequency channel is N times the carrier spacing between the subcarriers included in the low-frequency channel, where N is greater than 1. The high-frequency physical layer signal is a signal generated based on the carrier spacing corresponding to the high-frequency channel.

[0159] In this embodiment, the carrier spacing of the high-frequency channel carrying the signal is set to N times the carrier spacing of the low-frequency channel, where N is greater than 1. Specifically, the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by increasing the carrier spacing of the low-frequency physical layer signal.

[0160] For example, generating a high-frequency physical layer signal includes: obtaining a first carrier spacing, where the first carrier spacing is N times a second carrier spacing corresponding to a low-frequency channel; and performing signal modulation based on the first carrier spacing to generate a high-frequency physical layer signal.

[0161] For example, a high-frequency signal having a bandwidth of 2G can be obtained by increasing the carrier spacing of a low-band signal having a bandwidth of 80M (e.g., an 80M signal defined in the 802.11ac protocol standard), or a high-frequency physical layer signal can be obtained by increasing the carrier spacing of a low-band signal having a bandwidth of 20M (e.g., a 20M signal defined in the 802.11ax / be protocol standard).

[0162] In another example, a high-frequency signal having a bandwidth of 500M is obtained by increasing the carrier spacing of a low-band signal having a bandwidth of 20M (e.g., a 20M signal defined in the 802.11n protocol standard or a 20M signal defined in the 802.11ac protocol standard).

[0163] In another example, a high-frequency signal having a bandwidth of 320M is obtained by increasing the carrier spacing of a low-band signal having a bandwidth of 20M (e.g., a 20M signal defined in the 802.11n protocol standard or a 20M signal defined in the 802.11ac protocol standard).

[0164] It should be understood that in this embodiment, there is no limitation on how the carrier spacing of the low-frequency signal is increased to obtain the high-frequency physical layer signal.

[0165] The above-mentioned high-frequency channel is a channel carrying a PPDU, and the high-frequency physical layer signal included in the PPDU is generated based on the basic physical layer signal. In addition, the bandwidth of the basic physical layer signal is equal to the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal generated based on the basic physical layer signal, and the bandwidth of the high-frequency channel carrying the high-frequency physical layer signal is higher than or equal to the bandwidth of the basic physical layer signal.

[0166] For example, in this embodiment, the specific value of M relates to at least one of the following parameters: the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal, the low-frequency signal mode corresponding to the high-frequency physical layer signal, or the preset target transmission rate of the PPDU.

[0167] For example, it is assumed that the number of data subcarriers in the low-frequency signal is E, BPSK modulation is used for each subcarrier, each subcarrier carries one bit of information, and channel coding is performed by using a code rate of 1 / 2. Therefore, the effective information in each OFDM symbol is 1 / 2×E. If the number of subcarriers in the low-frequency signal is N and the bandwidth of the high-frequency signal is B, the OFDM symbol length is 1 / B×N. Therefore, the information transmission rate R Mbps is

number

[0168] It should be understood that the above manner of determining the value of M is merely an example and does not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. In this embodiment, the value of M may be pre-defined in the protocol, and the transmitting end device replicates the basic physical layer signal based on M.

[0169] In a possible implementation, M is 32 when the bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz.

[0170] For example, the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by increasing the carrier spacing of a low-band signal having a bandwidth of 80 M (for example, the 80 M signal defined in the 802.11ac protocol standard), or the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by increasing the carrier spacing of a low-band signal having a bandwidth of 20 M (for example, the 20 M signal defined in the 802.11ax / be protocol standard). In addition, the information transmission rate obtained by replicating the high-frequency physical layer signal M times is 27.5 Mbps. In the above calculation method, M is 32.

[0171] In another possible implementation, M is 6 when the bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz.

[0172] For example, the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by increasing the carrier interval of a low-band signal having a bandwidth of 20M (for example, the 20M signal defined in the 802.11n protocol standard or the 20M signal defined in the 802.11ac protocol standard). In addition, the information transmission rate obtained by replicating the high-frequency physical layer signal M times is 27.5 Mbps. In the above calculation method, M is 6.

[0173] In yet another possible implementation, M is 4 when the bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 320 MHz.

[0174] For example, the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 320 MHz, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by increasing the carrier interval of a low-band signal having a bandwidth of 20M (for example, the 20M signal defined in the 802.11n protocol standard or the 20M signal defined in the 802.11ac protocol standard). In addition, the information transmission rate obtained by replicating the high-frequency physical layer signal M times is 27.5 Mbps. In the above calculation method, M is 4.

[0175] Specifically, the PPDU format in this embodiment may be one of the multiple PPDU frame formats described in the above basic concept (e.g., the PPDU frame structures defined in the 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, and 802.11be standards), or may be another possible format, for example, a PPDU frame format defined in a future communication protocol. This embodiment is not limited thereto. From the above description of the PPDU frame format, it can be seen that the PPDU frame format includes a preamble portion and a data portion.

[0176] For example, a PPDU containing a high-frequency physical layer signal may be understood as the PPDU containing a data portion, the data portion being obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times.

[0177] Furthermore, the PPDU includes a preamble portion, which is obtained by replicating an OFDM code (hereinafter referred to as a preamble OFDM code for ease of distinction) M times. The preamble OFDM code can be understood as a preamble portion of a modulation code generated for a payload. In implementation, the preamble portion of the PPDU only includes a replica of the OFDM code after it is generated, but does not include a replica of the modulation code during the generation of the OFDM code. In the preamble portion of the PPDU, the replication is performed after the OFDM code is generated to reduce the transmission rate.

[0178] Specifically, the generation of the PPDU includes:

[0179] The preamble portion of the PPDU is generated by replicating the preamble OFDM symbol M times, and the data portion of the PPDU is generated by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times.

[0180] In a possible implementation, each part of the PPDU frame structure includes one or more OFDM symbols. The preamble OFDM symbols can be replicated M times by repeatedly transmitting each preamble OFDM symbol M-1 times. This signal replication mode is time-domain replication. The receiving end device can directly superimpose the OFDM symbols. The implementation is simple, can maximize multiplexing with low-frequency signal processing modules, and has a low PAPR.

[0181] For ease of understanding, the process of replicating the preamble OFDM symbol M times will be described with reference to Figures 4 and 5. In this embodiment, replicating the preamble OFDM symbol M times includes: generating a preamble OFDM symbol, replicating the obtained preamble OFDM symbol M times to obtain a preamble part of a PPDU, and transmitting the preamble part. The specific process is shown in Figure 4. Figure 4 is a diagram of the process of generating the preamble part of a PPDU. As shown in Figure 4, generating the preamble part of a PPDU includes generating and replicating a preamble OFDM symbol.

[0182] The generation of the preamble OFDM code is not limited in this embodiment, and includes but is not limited to the generation process shown in Figure 5. It can be seen from Figure 5 that the generation of the preamble OFDM code includes:

[0183] The information bits undergo scrambling, BCC encoding, stream parser, interleaver, constellation mapper, stream cyclic shift (CSD per SS), space and frequency mapping, and other processing to form a frequency domain signal. The frequency domain signal then undergoes IDFT to form a time domain signal. Cyclic prefix insertion and windowing are then performed to form an OFDM symbol. The OFDM symbol is then transmitted through analog and radio frequency (RF) circuits. Multiple OFDM symbols constitute a PPDU.

[0184] Optionally, before forward error correction (FEC) encoding (pre-FEC shown in FIG. 5), the transmitting end may further perform PHY padding.

[0185] Optionally, after FEC (post-FEC shown in FIG. 5), the transmitting end may further perform PHY padding.

[0186] It should be understood that the preamble OFDM code generation process shown in Figure 5 is merely an example and does not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. The preamble OFDM code may alternatively be generated by another process. For example, the preamble OFDM code generation process does not include stream analysis, interleaving, or other steps shown in Figure 5. In another example, the preamble OFDM code generation process is completely different from the process shown in Figure 5. Details of the preamble OFDM code generation process will not be described in this embodiment.

[0187] In a possible implementation, the high-frequency physical layer signal (or the data portion of the PPDU) is generated by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times, which includes multiple implementations. For ease of understanding, the specific process of generating the high-frequency physical layer signal by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times will be described below with reference to a specific example. The details will not be repeated here.

[0188] Furthermore, after the transmitting end device generates the PPDU, the transmitting end device transmits the PPDU to the receiving end device through a high frequency channel. The process of the method shown in Figure 3 further includes the following steps:

[0189] S320: The transmitting end device transmits the PPDU to the receiving end device.

[0190] Specifically, the transmitting end device transmits the PPDU to the receiving end device through a high frequency channel. The manner of transmitting the PPDU is not limited in this embodiment.

[0191] Furthermore, the receiving end device demodulates the PPDU after receiving the PPDU. The process of the method shown in Figure 3 further includes the following steps:

[0192] S330: The receiving end device demodulates the PPDU.

[0193] From the above description that the PPDU received by the receiving end device includes a high-frequency physical layer signal, it can be seen that the high-frequency physical layer signal is carried on a subcarrier of a high-frequency channel, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times.

[0194] Specifically, in this embodiment, after receiving the PPDU generated by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times, the receiving end device demodulates the PPDU as the received OFDM symbol. The demodulation method of the OFDM symbol is not described in this embodiment. For example, please refer to the receiving end demodulation process shown in the OFDM technology in the above basic concept.

[0195] For example, as described in the above basic concept, the signal quality at the receiving end can be improved by using a maximum ratio combining technique. In this embodiment, the receiving end device can receive the PPDU by using a maximum ratio combining technique to improve the signal quality at the receiving end.

[0196] The high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times, as will be described in detail below with reference to Scheme 1 to Scheme 3.

[0197] Scheme 1: The high-frequency physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on subcarriers of a high-frequency channel. The subcarriers of the high-frequency channel are divided into multiple sets of data subcarriers. The basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on one set of data subcarriers. The modulation codes on the multiple sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation code carried on the set of data subcarriers corresponding to the basic physical layer signal by M times.

[0198] Method 2: The high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times based on the extension sequence. The basic physical layer signal is obtained through binary convolutional code (BCC) encoding. The extension sequence contains M elements.

[0199] Scheme 3: The high-frequency physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a subcarrier of a high-frequency channel. The subcarriers of the high-frequency channel are divided into multiple sets of data subcarriers. After the modulation code carried on one set of data subcarriers among the multiple sets of data subcarriers is determined, the modulation code carried on the other sets of data subcarriers is determined based on the DUP modulation scheme. The determined modulation code carried on the one set of data subcarriers can be understood as a basic physical layer signal.

[0200] The duplication modes shown in Scheme 1 to Scheme 3 can be understood as follows: a basic physical layer signal is first generated, and then the basic physical layer signal is duplicated M times.

[0201] In Scheme 1 and Scheme 3, a duplication process may be added after constellation mapping and before space-frequency mapping in the OFDM code generation process shown in Figure 5. For example, a duplication module is added to implement carrier grouping and duplication processes. Figure 6 is a diagram of a process for generating a high-frequency physical layer signal.

[0202] Alternatively, the duplication module configured to duplicate the basic physical layer signal by a factor of M may be incorporated into an existing functional module (e.g., the duplication module and the constellation mapping module are combined into one functional module, implementing both the modulation and duplication functions).

[0203] It should be understood that Fig. 6 is merely an example and does not constitute any limitation to the scope of protection of the present application. In the duplication process shown in Scheme 1 and Scheme 3, alternatively, the modulation code can be obtained in a possible OFDM code generation process other than the OFDM code generation process shown in Fig. 5 and then duplicated. The details will not be described in this specification.

[0204] In Scheme 2, a duplication process may be added after encoding and before constellation mapping in the OFDM code generation process shown in Figure 5. For example, a duplication module is added to duplicate the encoded bits by M times. Figure 7 is a diagram of another process for generating a high-frequency physical layer signal.

[0205] It should be understood that Fig. 7 is merely an example and does not constitute any limitation to the scope of protection of the present application. In the duplication process shown in Scheme 2, alternatively, encoding can be performed in a possible OFDM code generation process other than the OFDM code generation process shown in Fig. 5, and then duplication is performed. Details will not be described in this specification.

[0206] For ease of understanding, Schemes 1 to 3 are described below with reference to FIGS. 8, 10, and 11.

[0207] Scheme 1 is described with reference to Fig. 8. Fig. 8 is a diagram of obtaining a high-frequency physical layer signal by replicating a basic physical layer signal by M times according to an embodiment of the present application. The following steps are included:

[0208] S410: Determine modulation codes carried on a first set of data subcarriers among the M sets.

[0209] The data subcarriers include M sets of data subcarriers, and each set of M sets of data subcarriers includes P data subcarriers, where P is the quotient of the ratio of M to the total number of data subcarriers.

[0210] S420: Obtain modulation codes carried in the second to Mth sets of data subcarriers based on modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers.

[0211] S430: Generate a data portion of a PPDU based on the obtained modulation codes carried on the M sets of data subcarriers.

[0212] Specifically, in Scheme 1, the modulation codes carried in the second set of data subcarriers to the Mth set of data subcarriers are obtained based on the modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers in the following multiple possible replication modes:

[0213] Replication Mode #1: The modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers are replicated based on a known sequence to obtain the modulation codes carried in the other sets of subcarriers. For example, Replication Mode #1 may also be referred to as sequence replication.

[0214] Specifically, obtaining modulation codes carried on the Mth set of data subcarriers from the second set of data subcarriers based on modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers includes: a sequence; and obtaining modulation codes carried on the Mth set of data subcarriers from the second set of data subcarriers based on the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers, where the sequence includes M-1 elements. For example, the sequence in this embodiment is a sequence that can enable the PAPR value of the obtained OFDM code to be small. An example in which the sequence includes M-1 elements is used to explain the process of determining the sequence. The case in which the sequence includes M elements is similar to the case in which the sequence includes M-1 elements. Details will not be repeated. Specifically, the M-1 elements included in the sequence can be determined through a search. During the search, PAPR values ​​of the obtained OFDM codes corresponding to different M-1 elements are determined, and the M-1 elements corresponding to the OFDM code with the smallest PAPR value are selected as the determined sequence.

[0215] For example, all or part of sequences each containing M-1 elements are first enumerated. For each sequence, the median PAPR of 3000 OFDM symbols randomly generated based on the sequence is calculated. Finally, the sequence with the smallest median is selected as the sequence to be obtained through the search in this embodiment.

[0216] In another implementation of Replication Mode #1, the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a set of data subcarriers, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is generated based on the modulation code carried on M sets of data subcarriers. The modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers to the Mth set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation code carried on the set of data subcarriers corresponding to the basic physical layer signal M times based on a sequence, where the sequence includes M elements. The case where the sequence includes M elements is similar to the case where the sequence includes M-1 elements. Details will not be repeated.

[0217] For ease of understanding, the fact that the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times in replication mode #1 is described below with reference to two specific examples.

[0218] Example 1: The bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, M is 6, and P is 8.

[0219] When the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, a high-frequency signal with a 500 MHz bandwidth can be obtained by increasing the carrier spacing of a low-band signal with a 20 MHz bandwidth. For example, the low-band signal corresponding to the high-frequency signal with a 500 MHz bandwidth includes a total of 64 subcarriers, with subcarrier index values ​​defined sequentially as -32:31. The subcarrier with an index value of 0 is a DC subcarrier carrying a value of 0. The subcarriers with index values ​​of -32:-29 and 29:31 are guard subcarriers (guard tones) carrying a value of 0. The subcarriers with index values ​​of [-21, -7, 7, 21] are pilot subcarriers carrying a value of +1 or -1, intended to estimate the phase offset caused by the remaining frequency offset and phase noise. The remaining 52 data subcarriers carry the modulated signal.

[0220] The replication process in replication mode #1 is as follows.

[0221] During generation of a PPDU (or OFDM symbol), BPSK modulation codes carried on eight data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers are first generated, and then the BPSK modulation codes carried on the eight data subcarriers are separately multiplied by a factor of five to obtain modulation codes that can be carried on 40 data subcarriers. The modulation codes that can be carried on 40 data subcarriers can be understood as modulation codes carried on the last five sets of data subcarriers (e.g., data subcarriers from the second set to the sixth set).

[0222] For example, the result of multiplying the BPSK modulation codes carried on the eight data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers by the first element is the BPSK modulation codes carried on the eight data subcarriers in the second set of data subcarriers, the result of multiplying the BPSK modulation codes carried on the eight data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers by the second element is the BPSK modulation codes carried on the eight data subcarriers in the third set of data subcarriers, and the result of multiplying the BPSK modulation codes carried on the eight data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers by the third element. The result of the multiplication is the BPSK modulation code carried on the eight data subcarriers in the fourth set of data subcarriers, the result of multiplying the BPSK modulation code carried on the eight data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers by the fourth factor is the BPSK modulation code carried on the eight data subcarriers in the fifth set of data subcarriers, and the result of multiplying the BPSK modulation code carried on the eight data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers by the fifth factor is the BPSK modulation code carried on the eight data subcarriers in the sixth set of data subcarriers.

[0223] The BPSK modulation codes carried by 48 of the 52 data subcarriers are determined in the above manner. The remaining 4 data subcarriers may not carry information and may be complemented by any BPSK modulation code, and the receiving end may not demodulate the BPSK modulation code.

[0224] The duplication process shown in Example 1 can be understood as follows: for the payload, when the M-fold duplication process is not considered, the modulated signal within the time length T1 is a modulated code carried on 52 data subcarriers; or when the M-fold duplication process is considered, the modulated signal within the time length T1 is a modulated code carried on 8 data subcarriers, where the modulated code carried on the 8 data subcarriers is duplicated 6 times to obtain the modulated code carried on 48 data subcarriers, and the remaining 4 data subcarriers may not carry information and are complemented by any BPSK modulated code, and the receiving end may not demodulate the BPSK modulated code. Specifically, when the M-fold duplication process is considered, the modulated signal finally obtained needs to be transmitted for at least 6 times the time length T1, and the transmission time is increased by about M times compared with the transmission time when the M-fold duplication process is not considered. This is equivalent to a reduced transmission rate of the signal, so that the signal is compatible with and can be transmitted in communication scenarios with low signal-to-noise ratios.

[0225] Example 2: The bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz, M is 32, and P is 7.

[0226] When the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz, a high-frequency signal with a 2G bandwidth can be obtained by increasing the carrier spacing of a low-band signal with an 80M bandwidth or a 20M bandwidth. For example, a low-band signal corresponding to a high-frequency signal with a 2G bandwidth includes a total of 256 subcarriers, with subcarrier index values ​​defined sequentially as -128:127. Subcarriers with index values ​​of -1:1 are DC subcarriers carrying a value of 0. Subcarriers with index values ​​of -128:-123 and 123:127 are guard subcarriers (guard tones) carrying a value of 0. Subcarriers with index values ​​of [-116, -90, -48, -22, 22, 48, 90, 116] are pilot subcarriers carrying a value of +1 or -1, intended to estimate the phase offset caused by the remaining frequency offset and phase noise. The remaining 234 data subcarriers carry the modulated signal.

[0227] The replication process in replication mode #1 is as follows.

[0228] A sequence including 31 elements, whose element values ​​are +1 or −1 (e.g., the sequence is [1, −1, 1, −1, 1, 1, −1, 1, 1, −1, 1, 1, 1, 1, −1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, −1, 1, 1, 1, −1, 1, −1, 1, −1, 1, −1, −1]) is obtained through a search. During generation of the OFDM symbols, BPSK modulation codes carried on seven data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers are first generated, and then the BPSK modulation codes carried on the seven data subcarriers are separately multiplied by 31 elements to obtain modulation codes that can be carried on 2 data subcarriers. The modulation codes that can be carried on 2 data subcarriers may be understood as modulation codes carried on the last 31 sets of data subcarriers (e.g., data subcarriers from the second set to the 32nd set).

[0229] For example, the result of multiplying the BPSK modulation codes carried on seven data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers by the i-th element is the BPSK modulation codes carried on seven data subcarriers in the i-th set of data subcarriers, where the value of i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 31.

[0230] In addition, as described in Replication Mode #1, it should be noted that the modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers are replicated M-1 times mainly based on a known sequence to obtain the modulation codes carried in the other sets of subcarriers, where the modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers and the modulation codes carried in the other sets of subcarriers are the modulation codes carried in the M sets of data subcarriers of the high-frequency physical layer signal.

[0231] In replication mode #1, the modulation codes carried on the M sets of data subcarriers of the high-frequency physical layer signal can alternatively be obtained in another implementation: after the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers are determined, the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers are directly replicated M times to obtain the modulation codes carried on the M sets of data subcarriers of the high-frequency physical layer signal. Specifically, the sequence in replication mode #1 can alternatively be a sequence including M elements, where the value of the first element of the M elements is 1.

[0232] For example, when the bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, M is 6, P is 8, and the sequence is as follows: [1 1 1 -1 1 -1].

[0233] In another example, when the bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz, M is 32, P is 7, and the sequence is as follows: [1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 -1].

[0234] Replication mode #1 can be understood as a sequence-based replication format. In the following, we will describe a matrix-based replication format with reference to replication mode #2.

[0235] Replication Mode #2: The modulation symbols carried in the first set of data subcarriers are replicated based on a known matrix to obtain the modulation symbols carried in the other sets of subcarriers. For example, Replication Mode #2 may also be referred to as matrix replication.

[0236] Specifically, obtaining modulation codes carried on the Mth set of data subcarriers from the second set of data subcarriers based on modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers includes: a matrix; and obtaining modulation codes carried on the Mth set of data subcarriers from the second set of data subcarriers based on the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers, where the matrix includes P×(M−1) elements. For example, the matrix in this embodiment is a matrix that can reduce the PAPR value of the obtained OFDM code. An example in which the matrix includes P×(M−1) elements is used to explain the process of determining a sequence. The case in which the matrix includes P×M elements is similar to the case in which the matrix includes P×(M−1) elements. Details will not be repeated. Specifically, the P×(M−1) elements or the P×M elements included in the matrix can be determined through a search. During the search, the PAPR values ​​of the acquired OFDM symbols corresponding to different P×(M−1) elements or P×M elements, respectively, are determined, and the P×(M−1) elements or P×M elements corresponding to the OFDM symbol with the smaller PAPR value are selected as the determined matrix.

[0237] For example, all or part of matrices, each containing P×(M−1) elements, are first enumerated. For each matrix, the median PAPR of 3000 OFDM symbols randomly generated based on the matrix is ​​calculated. Finally, the matrix with the smallest median is selected as the matrix to be obtained through the search in this embodiment.

[0238] In another implementation of replication mode #2, the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a set of data subcarriers, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is generated based on the modulation code carried on M sets of data subcarriers. The modulation codes carried on the first set to the Mth set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation code carried on the set of data subcarriers corresponding to the basic physical layer signal M times based on a matrix, where the matrix includes P×M elements. The case where the matrix includes P×M elements is similar to the case where the matrix includes P×(M−1) elements. Details will not be repeated.

[0239] For ease of understanding, the fact that the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times in replication mode #2 is described below with reference to two specific examples.

[0240] Example 3: The bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, M is 6, and P is 8.

[0241] It can be seen from Example 1 that when the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, a high-frequency signal with a bandwidth of 500 MHz can be obtained by increasing the carrier spacing of a low-band signal with a bandwidth of 20 MHz.

[0242] The replication process in replication mode #2 is as follows.

[0243] A matrix with 8 rows and 5 columns is obtained through the search, and the value of each element of the matrix is ​​+1 or -1. For example, the following matrix is ​​obtained:

number

[0244] For example, a BPSK modulation code carried on a first data subcarrier of eight data subcarriers is multiplied by the first row of the matrix to obtain five modulation codes, each of which is carried on a first data subcarrier in the last set of five data subcarriers. Similarly, a BPSK modulation code carried on a second data subcarrier of eight data subcarriers is multiplied by the second row of the matrix to obtain five modulation codes, each of which is carried on a second data subcarrier in the last set of five data subcarriers, and so on. By analogy, a BPSK modulation code carried on an eighth data subcarrier of eight data subcarriers is multiplied by the eighth row of the matrix to obtain five modulation codes, each of which is carried on an eighth data subcarrier in the last set of five data subcarriers.

[0245] Example 4: The bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz, M is 32, and P is 7.

[0246] It can be seen from Example 2 that when the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz, a high-frequency signal with a bandwidth of 2G can be obtained by increasing the carrier spacing of a low-band signal with a bandwidth of 80M or a low-band signal with a bandwidth of 20M.

[0247] The replication process in replication mode #2 is as follows.

[0248] During generation of a PPDU (or OFDM symbol), the BPSK modulation codes carried on the eight data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers are first generated, and then the BPSK modulation codes carried on one of the eight data subcarriers are separately multiplied by elements in the matrix to obtain modulation codes that can be carried on the 217 data subcarriers. The modulation codes that can be carried on the 217 data subcarriers can be understood as modulation codes carried on the last 31 sets of data subcarriers (e.g., data subcarriers in the second set through the 32nd set).

[0249] For example, a BPSK modulation code carried on a first data subcarrier of the eight data subcarriers is multiplied by the first row of the matrix to obtain 31 modulation codes, each of which is carried on a first data subcarrier in the last set of 31 data subcarriers. Similarly, a BPSK modulation code carried on a second data subcarrier of the eight data subcarriers is multiplied by the second row of the matrix to obtain 31 modulation codes, each of which is carried on a second data subcarrier in the last set of 31 data subcarriers, and so on. By analogy, a BPSK modulation code carried on an eighth data subcarrier of the eight data subcarriers is multiplied by the eighth row of the matrix to obtain 31 modulation codes, each of which is carried on an eighth data subcarrier in the last set of 31 data subcarriers.

[0250] In addition, as described in Replication Mode #2, it should be noted that the modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers are mainly replicated M-1 times based on a known sequence to obtain the modulation codes carried in the other sets of subcarriers, where the modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers and the modulation codes carried in the other sets of subcarriers are the modulation codes carried in the M sets of data subcarriers of the high-frequency physical layer signal.

[0251] In replication mode #2, the modulation codes carried on the M sets of data subcarriers of the high-frequency physical layer signal can alternatively be obtained in another implementation: after the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers are determined, the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers are directly replicated M times to obtain the modulation codes carried on the M sets of data subcarriers of the high-frequency physical layer signal. Specifically, the matrix in replication mode #2 can alternatively be a matrix including P×M elements, where the value of the first column of the elements among the M elements is 1.

[0252] For example, when the bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, M is 6, P is 8, and the matrix is:

number

number

[0253] Specifically, obtaining the modulation codes carried in the second set of data subcarriers to the Mth set of data subcarriers based on the modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers includes: replicating the modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers M-1 times based on at least one replication mode to obtain the modulation codes carried in the second set of data subcarriers to the Mth set of data subcarriers. For example, replication mode #3 may also be referred to as modular replication. In another implementation of replication mode #3, the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried in one set of data subcarriers, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is generated based on the modulation code carried in the Mth set of data subcarriers. The modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers to the Mth set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation code carried in one set of data subcarriers M times based on the replication mode.

[0254] For example, the duplication mode includes at least one of the following: performing code inversion on modulation codes carried on even subcarriers and leaving modulation codes carried on odd subcarriers unchanged; or performing code inversion on modulation codes carried on odd subcarriers and leaving modulation codes carried on even subcarriers unchanged; or duplicating modulation codes carried on all subcarriers; or performing code inversion on modulation codes carried on all subcarriers.

[0255] It should be understood that the predefined replication mode or replication module used for the predefined module replication may be one or more replication modes or replication modules predefined in the standard.

[0256] For example, the second set of data subcarriers through the Mth set of data subcarriers correspond to different replication modes.

[0257] For ease of understanding, the fact that the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times in replication mode #3 is described below with reference to two specific examples.

[0258] Example 5: The bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, M is 6, and P is 8.

[0259] It can be seen from Example 1 that when the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, a high-frequency signal with a bandwidth of 500 MHz can be obtained by increasing the carrier spacing of a low-band signal with a bandwidth of 20 MHz.

[0260] The replication process in replication mode #3 is as follows.

[0261] Four replication modes are defined, and the indices of the four replication modes are #1, #2, #3, and #4, respectively. The replication mode with index #1: performs code inversion on the modulation codes carried on all even subcarriers and leaves the modulation codes carried on odd subcarriers unchanged. The replication mode with index #2: performs code inversion on the modulation codes carried on all odd subcarriers and leaves the modulation codes carried on even subcarriers unchanged. The replication mode with index #3: replicates the modulation codes carried on all subcarriers. The replication mode with index #4: performs code inversion on the modulation codes carried on all subcarriers.

[0262] During the generation of a PPDU (or OFDM symbol), the BPSK modulation symbols carried on the eight data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers are first generated, and a duplication mode is determined for replicating the modulation symbols carried on the first set of data subcarriers to obtain the modulation symbols carried on the last five sets of data subcarriers. For example, the duplication modes selected sequentially for the last five sets of subcarriers are [#4, #3, #1, #2, #1].

[0263] Example 6: The bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz, M is 32, and P is 7.

[0264] It can be seen from Example 2 that when the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz, a high-frequency signal with a bandwidth of 2G can be obtained by increasing the carrier spacing of a low-band signal with a bandwidth of 80M or a low-band signal with a bandwidth of 20M.

[0265] The replication process in replication mode #3 is as follows.

[0266] Four replication modes are defined, and the indices of the four replication modes are #1, #2, #3, and #4, respectively. The replication mode with index #1: performs code inversion on the modulation codes carried on all even subcarriers and leaves the modulation codes carried on odd subcarriers unchanged. The replication mode with index #2: performs code inversion on the modulation codes carried on all odd subcarriers and leaves the modulation codes carried on even subcarriers unchanged. The replication mode with index #3: replicates the modulation codes carried on all subcarriers. The replication mode with index #4: performs code inversion on the modulation codes carried on all subcarriers.

[0267] During generation of a PPDU (or OFDM symbol), BPSK modulation symbols carried on seven data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers are first generated, and a duplication mode is determined for replicating the modulation symbols carried on the first set of data subcarriers to obtain modulation symbols carried on the last 31 sets of data subcarriers. For example, the duplication modes sequentially selected for the last 31 sets of subcarriers are [#1, #2, #4, #3, #1, #1, #1, #4, #4, #3, #2, #2, #3, #4, #2, #3, #1, #2, #1, #4, #1, #3, #4, #3, #2, #4, #3, #3, #4, #3, #3].

[0268] In addition, as described in Replication Mode #3, the modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers are mainly replicated M-1 times based on a known sequence to obtain the modulation codes carried in the other sets of subcarriers, where the modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers and the modulation codes carried in the other sets of subcarriers are the modulation codes carried in the M sets of data subcarriers of the high-frequency physical layer signal. It should be noted that in Replication Mode #3, the modulation codes carried in the M sets of data subcarriers of the high-frequency physical layer signal can alternatively be obtained in another implementation: after the modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers are determined, the modulation codes carried in the first set of data subcarriers are directly replicated M times to obtain the modulation codes carried in the M sets of data subcarriers of the high-frequency physical layer signal, provided that 1-times replication is performed other than the M-1-times replication in the "duplicate modulation codes carried in all subcarriers" mode.

[0269] From the above description, it can be seen that the duplication modes in Scheme 1 include three duplication modes: duplication mode #1, duplication mode #2, and duplication mode #3. For ease of understanding, the differences between the PAPRs corresponding to the PPDUs obtained in different duplication modes are described below with reference to Figure 9.

[0270] Figure 9(a) shows the PAPR corresponding to the PPDUs obtained in duplication mode #1, duplication mode #2, and duplication mode #3, respectively, when the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, M is 6, and P is 8. From Figure 9(a), it can be seen that duplication mode #3 has the lowest PAPR at 6 times duplication.

[0271] Figure 9(b) shows the PAPR corresponding to the PPDUs obtained in replication mode #1, replication mode #2, and replication mode #3, respectively, when the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz, M is 32, and P is 7. From Figure 9(b), it can be seen that replication mode #2 has the lowest PAPR at 32 times replication.

[0272] Scheme 2 is described with reference to Fig. 10. Fig. 10 is another diagram of obtaining a high-frequency physical layer signal by replicating a basic physical layer signal by M times according to an embodiment of the present application. The following steps are included:

[0273] S610: Perform BCC encoding to obtain a basic physical layer signal.

[0274] S620: Duplicate the encoded bits M times based on the extension sequence.

[0275] The extended sequence contains M elements. For example, when M is 4, the extended sequence is [1, 0, 0, 1].

[0276] The OFDM code generation process for the physical layer signal can be summarized in Figure 4. Coding schemes supported by protocols (e.g., 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, or 802.11be protocols) include LDPC (low-density parity-check code) and BCC (binary convolutional code). For the data portion of the physical layer signal, BCC encoding is used as an example in this embodiment. The encoded bits are extended M times after encoding and before padding, and the extension sequence can be any sequence. Extending the encoded bits M times after encoding and before padding can be understood as a process of replicating the basic physical layer signal M times.

[0277] For example, a 4x expansion is used as an example, and based on the sequence 1, 0, 0, 1, bit 1 may be expanded to 1, 0, 0, 1.

[0278] Scheme 3 is described with reference to Fig. 11. Fig. 11 is yet another diagram of obtaining a high-frequency physical layer signal by replicating a basic physical layer signal by M times according to an embodiment of the present application. The following steps are included:

[0279] S810: Determine modulation codes carried on a first set of data subcarriers among the M sets.

[0280] S820: Determine modulation codes carried on other sets of data subcarriers based on the DUP modulation scheme.

[0281] When the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 320 MHz, M is 4, and the total number of data subcarriers is 52, the second set of subcarriers to the fourth set of subcarriers are obtained based on the DUP modulation scheme and 13 modulation codes, which are modulation codes carried on the 13 data subcarriers included in the first set of subcarriers.

[0282] From the DUP modulation method described in the above basic concept, it can be seen that the DUP modulation method specifically includes: replicating the modulation codes carried on the data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers, and performing code inversion on the modulation codes carried on the even number of data subcarriers to obtain the modulation codes carried on the second set of data subcarriers; replicating the modulation codes carried on the data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers, and performing code inversion on the modulation codes carried on 13 data subcarriers to obtain the modulation codes carried on the third set of data subcarriers; and replicating the modulation codes carried on the data subcarriers in the second set of data subcarriers to obtain the modulation codes of the fourth set of data subcarriers.

[0283] For example, the process of duplicating the basic physical layer signal by M times in Scheme 3 is similar to duplication mode #3 in Scheme 1. The difference is that the duplication mode in Scheme 3 is the DUP modulation scheme specified in the current protocol, so the duplication mode does not need to be redefined.

[0284] For example, in this embodiment, the modulation codes carried in the M sets of data subcarriers are BPSK modulation codes.

[0285] For example, the data subcarriers may further include other data subcarriers different from the M sets of data subcarriers, and any BPSK modulation may be performed on the other data subcarriers.

[0286] For example, any BPSK modulation may be performed on the remainder of the number of data subcarriers in the ratio of the total number of data subcarriers to M. The data subcarriers are subcarriers of the high-frequency physical layer signal other than the guard subcarriers, the DC subcarriers, and the pilot subcarriers.

[0287] 3 may be applied to the transmission of a specific type of frame, such as a beacon frame, or may be applied to the transmission of a frame in a specific scenario, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention. The receiving end may also determine whether the signal is replicated M times and determine the decoding method based on the type of the frame or the identifier carried in the frame.

[0288] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the transmitting end device replicates a basic physical layer signal M times to generate a high-frequency physical layer signal and transmits a PPDU including the high-frequency physical layer signal. Specifically, the transmitted PPDU is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times. It can be understood that the speed at which the basic physical layer signal is transmitted can be reduced when the basic physical layer signal is replicated M times and then transmitted, compared to when the basic physical layer signal is directly transmitted. For example, for a payload, transmission of the basic physical layer signal can be completed within a first time length. However, when the basic physical layer signal is replicated M times and then transmitted, the required time is M times the first time length. This is equivalent to reducing the transmission speed of the basic physical layer signal by M times. Assuming that the transmission speed is reduced, the high-frequency physical layer signal with the reduced speed can be transmitted in a communication scenario with a low signal-to-noise ratio.

[0289] It should be understood that the specific example shown in Figure 3 in the embodiment of the present application is merely intended to help those skilled in the art better understand the embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the embodiment of the present application. It should be further understood that the sequential numbers of the above processes do not imply the order in which the processes should be performed. The order in which the processes are performed should be determined based on the functions and internal logic of the processes, and should not be construed as any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.

[0290] It should be further understood that in the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or unless a logical contradiction occurs, the terms and / or descriptions in different embodiments are consistent and may be cross-referenced, and the technical features in different embodiments may be combined into new embodiments based on the internal logical relationships between the technical features.

[0291] It should be further understood that in some of the above embodiments, devices in existing network architectures are mainly used as examples for explanation. It should be understood that the specific type of device is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the embodiments of the present application are applicable to all future devices that can implement the same functions.

[0292] It can be understood that the methods and operations implemented by a device (e.g., a transmitting end device or a receiving end device) in the above method embodiments may alternatively be implemented by a component (e.g., a chip or circuit) of the device.

[0293] The communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application is described in detail above with reference to Fig. 3. The communication method is mainly described in terms of the interaction between a sending end device and a receiving end device. To implement the above functions, the sending end device and the receiving end device can be understood to include corresponding hardware structures and / or software modules for performing the functions.

[0294] Those skilled in the art should recognize that the present application can be implemented by hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software in the units and algorithm steps in the examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether the functions are performed by hardware or by hardware driven by computer software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered to go beyond the scope of the present application.

[0295] The transmitting end device or receiving end device provided in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 12 to 14. It should be understood that the description of the device embodiment corresponds to the description of the method embodiment. Therefore, for the contents not described in detail, please refer to the above method embodiment. For the sake of brevity, the details of some contents will not be described again here.

[0296] In the embodiments of the present application, a transmitting end device or a receiving end device may be divided into functional modules based on the above-mentioned method examples. For example, the functional modules may be divided based on functions, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. It should be noted that the division into modules in the embodiments of the present application is an example and is merely a logical division of functions. During actual implementation, other division methods may be used. An example in which the functional modules are divided based on functions is used below for explanation.

[0297] 12 is a block diagram of a communication device 10 according to an embodiment of the present application. The device 10 includes a transceiver module 11 and a processing module 12. The transceiver module 11 may implement corresponding communication functions. The processing module 12 is configured to perform data processing. In other words, the transceiver module 11 is configured to perform transmission / reception-related operations, and the processing module 12 is configured to perform operations other than transmission and reception. The transceiver module 11 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit.

[0298] Optionally, the apparatus 10 may further include a storage module 13. The storage module 13 may be configured to store instructions and / or data. The processing module 12 may read the instructions and / or data in the storage module, so that the apparatus implements the device actions in the above method embodiments.

[0299] In a first design, apparatus 10 may correspond to or be a component (eg, a chip) of a transmitting-end device in the method embodiments described above.

[0300] The apparatus 10 may implement the steps or processes performed by the transmitting end device in the above method embodiments. The transceiver module 11 may be configured to perform the transmission / reception-related operations of the transmitting end device in the above method embodiments. The processing module 12 may be configured to perform the processing-related operations of the transmitting end device in the above method embodiments.

[0301] In a possible implementation, the processing module 12 is configured to generate a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU), where the PPDU includes a high-frequency physical layer signal, the high-frequency physical layer signal is carried on a subcarrier of a high-frequency channel, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating a basic physical layer signal M times; and the transceiver module 11 is configured to transmit the PPDU to a receiving end device.

[0302] When the device 10 is configured to perform the method in FIG. 3, the transceiver module 11 may be configured to perform an information transmitting step in the method, e.g., step S320; the processing module 12 may be configured to perform a processing step in the method, e.g., step S310.

[0303] It should be understood that the specific processes of performing the above corresponding steps by the units are described in detail in the above method embodiments, and for the sake of brevity, the details will not be described again here.

[0304] In another design, apparatus 10 may correspond to or be a component (eg, a chip) of a receiving-end device in the method embodiments described above.

[0305] The apparatus 10 may implement steps or processes performed by the receiving end device in the above method embodiments. The transceiver module 11 may be configured to perform the transmission / reception-related operations of the receiving end device in the above method embodiments. The processing module 12 may be configured to perform the processing-related operations of the transmitting end device in the above method embodiments.

[0306] In a possible implementation, the transceiver module 11 is configured to receive a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) from a transmitting end device, where the PPDU includes a high-frequency physical layer signal, the high-frequency physical layer signal is carried on a subcarrier of a high-frequency channel, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times; and the processing module 12 is configured to demodulate the PPDU.

[0307] When the device 10 is configured to perform the method in FIG. 3, the transceiver module 11 may be configured to perform an information transmitting step in the method, for example, step S320; and the processing module 12 may be configured to perform a processing step in the method, for example, step S330.

[0308] It should be understood that the specific processes of performing the above corresponding steps by the units are described in detail in the above method embodiments, and for the sake of brevity, the details will not be described again here.

[0309] It should be further understood that the apparatus 10 herein is embodied in the form of a functional module. Here, the term "module" may refer to an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (e.g., a shared processor, a dedicated processor, or a group processor) configured to execute one or more software or firmware programs, a memory, a composite logic circuit, and / or another suitable component supporting the described functionality. In optional examples, those skilled in the art may understand that the apparatus 10 may specifically be a mobility management network element in the above embodiments and configured to execute processes and / or steps corresponding to the mobility management network element in the above method embodiments; or the apparatus 10 may specifically be a terminal device in the above embodiments and configured to execute processes and / or steps corresponding to the terminal device in the above method embodiments. To avoid repetition, details will not be described again here.

[0310] The apparatus 10 in the above solution has a function for implementing corresponding steps performed by a device (e.g., a transmitting end device or a receiving end device) in the above method. The function may be implemented by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above function. For example, a transceiver module may be replaced with a transceiver (e.g., a transmitting unit in the transceiver module may be replaced with a transmitter, and a receiving unit in the transceiver module may be replaced with a receiver), and another unit, e.g., a processing module, may be replaced with a processor, which respectively performs transmitting / receiving operations and related processing operations in the method embodiments.

[0311] Additionally, the transceiver module 11 may alternatively be a transceiver circuit (eg, may include a receiver circuit and a transmitter circuit), and the processing module may be a processing circuit.

[0312] 13 is a diagram of another communication device 20 according to an embodiment of the present application. The device 20 includes a processor 21. The processor 21 is configured to execute computer programs or instructions stored in a memory 22, or to read data or signaling stored in the memory 22, and to perform the method in the above method embodiments. Optionally, there are one or more processors 21.

[0313] Optionally, as shown in Figure 13, the device 20 further includes a memory 22, which is configured to store computer programs or instructions and / or data. The memory 22 may be integrated into the processor 21 or may be located separately. Optionally, there are one or more memories 22.

[0314] Optionally, as shown in Figure 13, the device 20 further includes a transceiver 23, the transceiver 23 configured to transmit and / or receive signals. For example, the processor 21 is configured to control the transceiver 23 to transmit and / or receive signals.

[0315] In the solution, the apparatus 20 is configured to implement the operations performed by the transmitting-end device in the above method embodiments.

[0316] In another solution, the apparatus 20 is configured to implement the operations performed by the receiving end device in the above method embodiments.

[0317] It should be understood that the processor referred to in the embodiments of this application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or may be another general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or another programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or the like. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

[0318] It should be further understood that the memory referred to in the embodiments of the present application may be volatile memory and / or nonvolatile memory. Nonvolatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM). For example, RAM may be used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, RAM includes several forms, such as static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchlink dynamic random access memory (synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM), and direct rambus random access memory (direct rambus RAM, DR RAM).

[0319] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA, or another programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) may be integrated into the processor.

[0320] It should be further noted that memory as described herein is intended to include, without being limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0321] 14 is a diagram of a chip system 30 according to an embodiment of the present application. The chip system 30 (which may also be referred to as a processing system) includes a logic circuit 31 and an input / output interface 32.

[0322] The logic circuit 31 may be a processing circuit in the chip system 30. The logic circuit 31 may be coupled and connected to a storage unit and may call instructions in the storage unit, so that the chip system 30 can implement the methods and functions in the embodiments of the present application. The input / output interface 32 may be an input / output circuit in the chip system 30, which outputs information to be processed by the chip system 30 or inputs data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system 30 for processing.

[0323] In the solution, the chip system 30 is configured to implement the operations performed by the transmitting end device in the above method embodiments.

[0324] For example, the logic circuit 31 is configured to implement processing-related operations performed by the transmitting-end device in the above method embodiments, and the input / output interface 32 is configured to implement transmission-related operations and / or reception-related operations performed by the transmitting-end device in the above method embodiments.

[0325] In another solution, the chip system 30 is configured to implement the operations performed by the receiving end device in the above method embodiments.

[0326] For example, the logic circuit 31 is configured to implement processing-related operations performed by the receiving end device in the above method embodiments, and the input / output interface 32 is configured to implement transmission-related operations and / or reception-related operations performed by the receiving end device in the above method embodiments.

[0327] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions for implementing a method performed by a sending end device or a receiving end device in the above method embodiments.

[0328] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product including instructions, which, when executed by a computer, implement the method performed by the sending end device or the receiving end device in the above method embodiments.

[0329] An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system including the above transmitting end device and receiving end device.

[0330] For the relevant content description and advantages of any one of the devices provided above, please refer to the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and the details will not be described again here.

[0331] Additionally, the following explanations are provided to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application.

[0332] First, in this application, "indicate" can include direct and indirect indications. When a reference is described as indicating A, the description can include that the reference directly indicates A or that the reference indirectly indicates A, but does not necessarily mean that the reference holds A.

[0333] Information indicated by the designation information is referred to as referent information. In a specific implementation, the referent information may be indicated in multiple ways, for example, but not limited to, the following ways: the referent information may be indicated directly. For example, the referent information or an index of the referent information may be indicated. Alternatively, the referent information may be indicated indirectly by indicating other information, where there is an association relationship between the other information and the referent information. Alternatively, only a part of the referent information may be indicated, and another part of the referent information is known or pre-agreed upon. For example, specific information may alternatively be indicated by a pre-agreed information arrangement order (e.g., specified in a protocol), thereby reducing the indication overhead to a certain extent. In addition, common parts of information may alternatively be identified and indicated in an integrated manner, thereby reducing the indication overhead caused by separately indicating the same information.

[0334] Second, the terms "first," "second," and various numerals (e.g., #1 and #2) used herein are intended merely to distinguish between objects for ease of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. For example, the numerals are intended to distinguish between different pieces of information or between different STAs, and are not intended to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the objects described in this manner are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, thereby enabling the description of solutions other than the embodiments of the present application.

[0335] Third, in the embodiments of the present application, "predefined" may include being indicated by a device by using signaling or being predefined, for example, defined in a protocol. "Predefined" may be implemented by pre-storing a corresponding code or a corresponding table on a device (including, for example, a station and an access point), or may be implemented in another manner that indicates related information. The specific implementation is not limited in the present application. For example, "predefined" may mean being defined in a protocol.

[0336] Fourth, "stored" in the embodiments of the present application may mean stored in one or more memories. The one or more memories may be located separately or may be incorporated into the encoder, decoder, processor, or communication device. Alternatively, a portion of the one or more memories may be located separately, and a portion of the one or more memories may be incorporated into the decoder, processor, or communication device. The type of memory may be any type of storage medium. This is not limited in the present application.

[0337] Fifth, in the embodiments of the present application, the "protocol" may be a standard protocol in the communication field, for example, may include a WLAN protocol and related protocols applied to further communication systems, which is not limited in the present application.

[0338] Sixth, in the embodiments of the present application, "of," "corresponding / relevant," "corresponding," and "associate" may be used interchangeably in some cases. Please note that when the differences between the terms are not emphasized, the meaning expressed is consistent.

[0339] In the embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods may be implemented in other ways. For example, the described device embodiments are merely examples. For example, the division into multiple units is merely a logical division of function, and other divisions may be used in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not implemented. In addition, the illustrated or described mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections may be implemented through some interfaces. Indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be implemented in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0340] All or part of the above embodiments may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When an embodiment is implemented by software, all or part of the embodiment may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product comprises one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded into a computer and executed, all or part of the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or another programmable device. For example, the computer may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, or digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, radio waves, or microwave) methods. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device, such as a server or a data center, that integrates one or more available media. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state drive (SSD)), or the like. For example, the available medium may include, but is not limited to, any medium that can store program code, such as a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or a compact disc.

[0341] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any modifications or replacements that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. 1. A communication method comprising: generating a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU), wherein the PPDU includes a high-frequency physical layer signal, the high-frequency physical layer signal being carried on a subcarrier of a high-frequency channel, the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating a basic physical layer signal M times; and transmitting the PPDU A method for providing

2. 1. A communication method comprising: receiving a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU); and demodulating the PPDU, wherein: the PPDU includes a high-frequency physical layer signal, the high-frequency physical layer signal being carried on a subcarrier of a high-frequency channel, and the high-frequency physical layer signal being obtained by replicating a basic physical layer signal M times; A method for providing

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the carrier spacing between the subcarriers included in the high frequency channel is N times the carrier spacing between the subcarriers included in the low frequency channel, where N is greater than 1.

4. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein M is related to at least one of the following parameters: a bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal, a low-frequency signaling mode corresponding to the high-frequency physical layer signal, or a preset target transmission rate of the PPDU.

5. the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz and M is 32; or the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz and M is 6; or the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 320 MHz, and M is 4; 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The high frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating a basic physical layer signal M times: the high-frequency physical layer signal is generated based on at least a modulation code carried on M sets of data subcarriers, each set of the M sets of data subcarriers including P data subcarriers, and the basic physical layer signal includes a modulation code carried on the P data subcarriers; The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:

7. The high frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating a basic physical layer signal M times: the high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times based on a sequence, the sequence including M elements or M-1 elements; 7. The method of claim 1, comprising:

8. the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a set of data subcarriers, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is generated based on the modulation code carried on the M sets of data subcarriers, where the modulation codes carried on the 1st set to the Mth set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained based on the sequence and the modulation codes carried on the set of data subcarriers corresponding to the basic physical layer signal, and the sequence includes M elements; or the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a first set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers corresponding to the high-frequency physical layer signal, and the modulation codes carried on second sets to Mth sets of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation code carried on the first set of data subcarriers based on the sequence, and the sequence includes M−1 elements; The method of claim 7.

9. the bandwidth of the high-frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, M is 6, P is 8, and the sequence is [1 1 1 -1 1 -1] or [1 1 -1 1 -1]; or the bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz, M is 32, P is 7, and the sequence is [1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1] or [1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1]; 9. The method according to claim 7 or 8.

10. The high frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating a basic physical layer signal M times: The high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times based on a matrix, the matrix including P×M elements or P×(M−1) elements.

7. The method of claim 1, comprising:

11. the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a set of data subcarriers, and the high-frequency physical layer signal is generated based on the modulation code carried on the M sets of data subcarriers, where the modulation codes carried on the 1st set to the Mth set of data subcarriers of the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained based on the matrix and the modulation codes carried on the set of data subcarriers corresponding to the basic physical layer signal, and the matrix includes P×M elements; or the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a first set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers corresponding to the high-frequency physical layer signal, and the modulation codes carried on a second set to an Mth set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation code carried on the first set of data subcarriers based on the included matrix, the matrix including P×(M−1) elements; The method of claim 10.

12. The bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 500 MHz, M is 6, P is 8, and the matrix is: [0016] or [Equation 17] or The bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 2 GHz, M is 32, P is 7, and the matrix is: [Equation 18] or [Equation 19] The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein

13. The high frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating a basic physical layer signal M times: The high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times based on a replication mode, wherein the replication mode is one of the following: performing a code inversion on the modulation codes carried on the even subcarriers and leaving the modulation codes carried on the odd subcarriers unchanged; or performing a code inversion on the modulation codes carried on the odd number of subcarriers and leaving the modulation codes carried on the even number of subcarriers unchanged; or Duplicating the modulation code carried on all subcarriers; or performing a code inversion on the modulation codes carried on all subcarriers; at least one of:

7. The method of claim 1, comprising:

14. the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on one set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers corresponding to the high-frequency physical layer signal, and the modulation codes carried on the first set of data subcarriers to the Mth set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation code carried on the set of data subcarriers corresponding to the basic physical layer signal by M times based on the replication mode; or the basic physical layer signal is a modulation code carried on a first set of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers corresponding to the high-frequency physical layer signal, and modulation codes carried on second to M sets of data subcarriers among the M sets of data subcarriers are obtained by replicating the modulation code carried on the first set of data subcarriers by a factor of M−1 based on the replication mode; The method of claim 13.

15. When the bandwidth of the high frequency physical layer signal is 320 MHz, M is 4, and the total number of data subcarriers is 52, the replication mode is: replicating modulation codes carried on data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers and performing code inversion on modulation codes carried on an even number of data subcarriers to obtain modulation codes carried on the second set of data subcarriers; replicating the modulation codes carried on the data subcarriers in the first set of data subcarriers and performing code inversion on the modulation codes carried on the data subcarriers to obtain modulation codes carried on a third set of data subcarriers; and replicating modulation codes carried on data subcarriers in the second set of data subcarriers to obtain modulation codes for a fourth set of data subcarriers; 15. The method of claim 13 or 14, comprising:

16. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the second set of data subcarriers through the Mth set of data subcarriers correspond to different replication modes.

17. 17. The method of claim 8, wherein the modulation codes carried on the M sets of data subcarriers are binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation codes.

18. 18. The method according to claim 8, wherein the data subcarriers further include another data subcarrier different from the M sets of data subcarriers, and a modulation scheme for the another data subcarrier is any BPSK modulation.

19. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the data subcarriers are subcarriers of the high-frequency physical layer signal other than guard subcarriers, DC subcarriers, and pilot subcarriers.

20. The high frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating a basic physical layer signal M times: The high-frequency physical layer signal is obtained by replicating the basic physical layer signal M times based on an extension sequence, where the basic physical layer signal is a signal obtained through binary convolutional code (BCC) encoding, and the extension sequence includes M elements.

6. The method of claim 1, comprising:

21. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein M is 4 and the extended sequence is [1 0 0 1].

22. 22. The method of claim 1, wherein the PPDU further comprises a preamble portion, the preamble portion being obtained by replicating an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol M times.

23. A communication device comprising a unit or module for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 22.

24. 23. A communications device comprising a communications interface and a processor, the communications interface configured to send and receive data or signaling, and the processor configured to execute computer programs or instructions, such that the communications device performs the method of any one of claims 1 to 22.

25. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, further comprising a memory, said memory configured to store said computer program or said instructions.

26. A communication system comprising a transmitting end device and a receiving end device, the system being configured to perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 22.

27. A computer readable storage medium comprising a computer program or instructions, which when run on a computer, performs the method of any one of claims 1 to 22.

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