Apparatus and process for thermal cracking of solid hydrocarbon feedstock

Abstract

The present invention provides an apparatus and process for thermal cracking solid hydrocarbon feedstocks. The multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor in the apparatus is composed of one or more tubular pyrolysis reactors arranged in a multi-tubular configuration, with the heat-receiving section located within a heating chamber. The pyrolysis gas obtained by pyrolysis of the feedstock or an externally supplied fuel gas is burned in the heating chamber using a regenerative combustion method to provide heat for the pyrolysis reaction. A gas collection internal is provided at the center of each tubular pyrolysis reactor, and the gaseous pyrolysis product is radially flowed through a moving particle bed, allowing for on-site filtering and dust removal, and selective cracking to increase the mass. This solves the problems of low-quality pyrolysis oil (high heavy component content and high dust content) and low oil yield obtained with conventional pyrolysis technology. The present invention offers the advantage of being easily adaptable to industrial expansion, achieving the scale-up of industrial reactors and pyrolysis technology by simply increasing the number of pyrolysis units, thereby resolving the problems of conventional pyrolysis technology, such as the difficulty of expansion, increased operational difficulties, and reduced operating efficiency of industrial reactors.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a thermal cracking apparatus and a process method thereof, and more particularly to a thermal cracking apparatus and a process method thereof for the thermal cracking of solid hydrocarbon feedstock. [Background technology]

[0002] Solid hydrocarbon raw materials include coal, oil shale, waste tires, biomass, oil sands, municipal organic solid waste, etc., which can be converted into products such as oil, gas, and charcoal through pyrolysis. Pyrolysis oil can not only replace fossil fuel oil as fuel, but can also be used as a raw material for the chemical industry to produce high-value-added chemicals. Pyrolysis gas can be used as fuel gas to supply energy or as raw material gas. Pyrolytic carbons are applied according to their characteristics and properties. For example, biochar is used in soil improvement and restoration, waste tire pyrolysis carbon is used to produce carbon black, and coal coke is used in combustion power generation and metallurgy, as well as for the production of battery anode carbon materials through special processing.

[0003] Representative pyrolysis technologies for solid hydrocarbon feedstocks that have been reported so far include the Fushun carbonization furnace in China, the Toscoal rotary carbonization furnace in the United States, the Galoter rotary carbonization furnace in Estonia, the ATP rotary furnace process in Canada, the Lurgi-Ruhr moving-bed pyrolysis technology in Germany, and the Dagu Xinfa carbonization process in China. Pyrolysis technologies for large-scale industrial applications are currently limited to the use of bulk feedstocks, resulting in large piles and waste of over 40% of the small-particle feedstock, and low oil yields obtained with conventional bulk pyrolysis technologies. Development of pyrolysis technologies for small-particle solid hydrocarbon feedstocks has been ongoing for decades, and most pyrolysis technologies have achieved daily production rates of hundreds to thousands of tons. However, no technology has yet been industrialized for long-term stable operation. The main problems facing these technologies are low pyrolysis oil yields, high content of heavy components in the oil, poor quality, and dust particles, which can clog pipes and make continuous operation difficult, resulting in limited economic benefits. In addition, the conventional method of expanding the size of a reactor for industrial scale-up application not only increases the difficulty of operating the equipment, but also tends to cause problems such as uneven heat transfer within the enlarged reactor, reducing heat transfer and mass transfer efficiency, and significantly reducing operational efficiency compared to a smaller reactor.

[0004] The pyrolysis process can be broadly divided into two stages: pyrolysis of organic matter in the solid hydrocarbon feedstock to produce primary pyrolysis products; and secondary reactions of the primary pyrolysis products, including reactions between the gaseous pyrolysis products and between the solid particles, occur during the process of discharging the primary pyrolysis products from the particles into the particle bed and the reactor and then separating and collecting the pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas. From a theoretical analysis, to obtain high-yield, high-quality pyrolysis oil, it is necessary to maximize the primary pyrolysis products while controlling the secondary reactions of the primary pyrolysis products to improve the quality of the pyrolysis oil. In terms of dust transport, small or powdery particle feedstocks are subject to vigorous movement within the reactor (e.g., fluidized bed or rotary furnace) during pyrolysis. The dust stirred up within the reactor is carried out of the reactor along with the gaseous pyrolysis products, ultimately resulting in a high dust content in the pyrolysis oil. Usually, in the collection and separation stage of the pyrolysis gas phase product, it is necessary to add dust removal operations such as cyclone dust removal and particle bed dust removal, but these equipments have complicated flow, great operational difficulties, and low dust removal effect, and the pyrolysis oil gas will undergo secondary reactions, resulting in a significant decrease in oil yield. Therefore, this technology aims to solve the common problems faced by the pyrolysis technology of small particle feedstocks, such as low oil yield, high content of heavy components, high dust content, and difficulty in technical expansion. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide an apparatus and process for the thermal decomposition of solid hydrocarbon feedstocks. The present invention utilizes the pyrolysis gases produced by the system and directly burns and heats them using a regenerative combustion method. One heating unit can accommodate multiple tubular pyrolysis reactors, achieving rapid and efficient heat and mass transfer, which is more energy-efficient and efficient, and the heating unit is simpler. This solves the problems of low oil yield, heavy oil products, and high dust content in the thermal decomposition of small-particle solid hydrocarbon feedstocks, and overcomes the challenges of industrially expanding the application of pyrolysis reactors and pyrolysis technology.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical means.

[0007] The apparatus for thermally cracking a solid hydrocarbon feedstock of the present invention includes a feeder, a multi-tubular thermal cracking reactor, a regenerative burner, a heating chamber, a solid-phase product discharger, gas collection internals, a vapor-phase product collection tube, and a vapor-phase product condenser.

[0008] The multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor is formed by combining one or more tubular pyrolysis reactors, and the tubular pyrolysis reactors are usually cylindrical in shape, and each reactor is provided with a gas collecting internal member at the center; The present invention uses the method of increasing the number of reactors to construct a multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor in the form of a combination of tubular pyrolysis reactors, thereby making it easier to scale up the reactor industrially. The size of the tubular pyrolysis reactor is not significantly different from that of the verified small-scale pyrolysis reactor, and it is easy to operate and operate, with high heat and mass transfer effects. This solves the problems of the difficulty of industrial expansion of the reactor, the low operating efficiency of the expanded reactor, and the great difficulty of operation.

[0009] The gas collection internal member is typically cylindrical in shape and has holes or passages through which the gas phase products pass. The lower end of the internal member opens into the material layer of the pyrolysis reactor and the upper end is closed and communicates with a gas phase product collection pipe, which guides the pyrolysis gas phase products out of the pyrolysis reactor and sends them to a gas phase product condenser.

[0010] The present invention provides the following advantages by providing a gas collection internal in the center of the pyrolysis reactor: By controlling the radial flow of pyrolysis gaseous products through the moving particle bed, from the high-temperature region on the outer wall of the reactor to the low-temperature region in the center, selective cracking of heavy components is achieved, excessive secondary reactions are suppressed, and heat transfer of materials within the reactor is enhanced, significantly improving heat transfer efficiency and increasing the throughput per unit time of the pyrolysis device. The reverse flow of pyrolysis gaseous products (bottom to top) and materials (top to bottom) is avoided, significantly reducing dust entrainment in the gaseous products, and the moving particle bed is used for on-site filtration and dust removal. Compared to reactors without gas collection internals, the oil product obtained by the pyrolysis reactor and pyrolysis device of the present invention has significantly improved yield and quality, a faster heat transfer rate, and significantly reduced dust content in the oil product.

[0011] The heat-receiving part of the multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor is disposed in the heating chamber, and the tubular pyrolysis reactors are arranged in the heating chamber in a multi-tubular manner.

[0012] The heating chamber is an internal combustion chamber that provides heat for the pyrolysis reaction by combustion of combustible gases, and one or more tubular pyrolysis reactors can be arranged in the heating chamber.

[0013] The regenerative burners are symmetrically distributed on the top, bottom or side of the heating chamber; The regenerative burner uses as fuel a combustible gas selected from one or a combination of two or more of pyrolysis gas, natural gas, gasified coal gas, and petroleum gas, and preferably uses as gas fuel pyrolysis gas separated in a gas phase product condenser.

[0014] The regenerative combustion method used in the present invention can effectively utilize the heat of the flue gas after combustion, improve the energy utilization efficiency of the system, and burn gas fuel indoors to directly provide energy for the pyrolysis reaction, avoiding the problems of difficult switching of high-temperature flue gas and large heat loss in outdoor combustion.

[0015] The gas phase product collection pipe connects the outlets of the gas collection internals of the tubular pyrolysis reactors in the same row and directs the pyrolysis gas phase products to a gas phase product condenser.

[0016] The method for pyrolysis of a solid hydrocarbon feedstock according to the present invention further comprises the steps of: respectively feeding solid hydrocarbon feedstocks into the tubular pyrolysis reactors through feeders, heating the feedstocks to cause a pyrolysis reaction while the feedstocks move downward in the multi-tubular pyrolysis reactors, and discharging pyrolysis gas-phase products; radially fluidizing the vapor product through the moving particle bed and through holes or channels into gas collection internals, and then through a vapor product collection tube to a vapor product condenser for cooling and separation; mixing the separated pyrolysis gas and / or external fuel gas with air, introducing the mixture by a regenerative burner, and burning it in a heating chamber to supply heat to the pyrolysis reactor; and cooling and heat exchanging the solid-phase product after the pyrolysis reaction, and then discharging it from the pyrolysis reactor through a solid-phase product discharger and sending it to a downstream processing stage, thereby making the entire process continuous.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention expands the application of industrial reactors based on the method of "increasing the number" of tubular pyrolysis reactors, and forms a multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor by arranging and combining tubular reactors in a multi-tube manner. This avoids the problems associated with the traditional reactor expansion method based on reactor size expansion, such as reduced heat / mass transfer efficiency, increased operational difficulty, and reduced effectiveness of the expanded operation, making industrial scale expansion easier and operation simpler.

[0019] 2. The tubular pyrolysis reactor used in the present invention is provided with an internal gas collection member, which allows the pyrolysis gaseous products to flow radially through the moving particle bed and control the flow from the external high-temperature region to the internal low-temperature region, which is beneficial to reducing secondary reactions of the gaseous products and achieving selective cracking of mainly heavy components, ultimately improving the yield and quality of pyrolysis oil. Furthermore, the flow of the gaseous products from the high-temperature region to the low-temperature region also significantly improves the heat transfer rate.

[0020] 3. The tubular pyrolysis reactor with gas collection internals used in the present invention realizes radial flow of pyrolysis gas phase products, realizes dust trapping in the pyrolysis gas phase products by the moving particle bed, and realizes on-site filtration and dust removal, thereby solving the problem of large dust content in the pyrolysis product oil of small-particle solid hydrocarbon feedstock, which is prone to clogging the pipelines.

[0021] 4. The present invention utilizes the pyrolysis gas produced by the system itself and directly burns and heats it using a regenerative combustion method, and one heating unit can accommodate multiple tubular pyrolysis reactors. Compared with traditional coke ovens, this can achieve faster and more efficient heat and mass transfer, which is more energy-saving and efficient, and the heating unit is simpler. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram of an apparatus for thermally cracking a solid hydrocarbon feedstock in Example 1. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a diagram of an apparatus for thermally cracking a solid hydrocarbon feedstock in Example 2. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a pyrolysis apparatus according to a second embodiment and a diagram showing the arrangement of regenerative burners. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a plan view of a pyrolysis apparatus according to a third embodiment and a diagram showing the arrangement of regenerative burners. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for understanding the present invention and should not be considered as specifically limiting the present invention.

[0024] Example 1 As shown in Figure 1, the thermal cracking device for solid hydrocarbon feedstock includes a feeder 1, a multi-tubular thermal cracking reactor 2, a regenerative burner 3, a heating chamber 4, a solid-phase product discharger 5, a gas-collecting internal member 6, a gas-phase product collection pipe 7, and a gas-phase product condenser 8. The multi-tubular thermal cracking reactor 2 is formed by combining a single tubular thermal cracking reactor, which is cylindrical in shape and has a gas-collecting internal member 6 at the center of the reactor.

[0025] The gas collection internal member 6 is cylindrical in shape and has holes that allow the gas phase products to pass through.The lower end of the internal member opens within the material layer of the pyrolysis reactor and the upper end is closed and communicates with the gas phase product collection pipe 7, which guides the pyrolysis gas phase products out of the pyrolysis reactor and sends them to the gas phase product condenser 8.

[0026] The heat receiving section of the multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor 2 is disposed in the heating chamber 4 .

[0027] The heating chamber 4 is an internal combustion chamber that supplies heat to the pyrolysis reaction by burning pyrolysis gas, and one tubular pyrolysis reactor is arranged in the heating chamber.

[0028] The regenerative burners 3 are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the heating chamber 4, and the regenerative burners 3 use pyrolysis gas separated in the gas phase product condenser 8 as fuel.

[0029] A gas phase product collection pipe 7 is connected to the outlet of the gas collection internals 6 of the tubular pyrolysis reactor and introduces the pyrolysis gas phase products into a gas phase product condenser 8 .

[0030] Example 2 As shown in FIG. 2 , the thermal cracking apparatus for solid hydrocarbon feedstock includes a feeder 1, a multi-tubular thermal cracking reactor 2, a regenerative burner 3, a heating chamber 4, a solid-phase product discharger 5, a gas collection internal member 6, a vapor-phase product collection pipe 7, and a vapor-phase product condenser 8.

[0031] The multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor 2 is formed by combining eight tubular pyrolysis reactors, each of which has a cylindrical shape and is provided with a gas collecting internal member 6 at the center.

[0032] The gas collection internal member 6 is cylindrical in shape and has holes that allow the gas phase products to pass through.The lower end of the internal member opens within the material layer of the pyrolysis reactor and the upper end is closed and communicates with the gas phase product collection pipe 7, which guides the pyrolysis gas phase products out of the pyrolysis reactor and sends them to the gas phase product condenser 8.

[0033] The heat receiving part of the multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor 2 is arranged in the heating chamber 4, and the eight tubular pyrolysis reactors are arranged in the heating chamber 4 in a multi-tube manner. As shown in Figure 3, four tubular pyrolysis reactors are arranged in one row, and they are arranged alternately in two rows in the heating chamber.

[0034] The heating chamber 4 is an internal combustion chamber that supplies heat to the pyrolysis reaction by burning natural gas, and can accommodate up to eight tubular pyrolysis reactors.

[0035] As shown in FIG. 3, the regenerative burners 3 are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the heating chamber 4 and use natural gas as fuel.

[0036] A gas phase product collection pipe 7 connects the outlets of the gas collection internals 6 of the four tubular pyrolysis reactors in the same row and introduces the pyrolysis gas phase products into a gas phase product condenser 8 .

[0037] Example 3 As shown in FIG. 2 , the thermal cracking apparatus for solid hydrocarbon feedstock includes a feeder 1, a multi-tubular thermal cracking reactor 2, a regenerative burner 3, a heating chamber 4, a solid-phase product discharger 5, a gas collection internal member 6, a vapor-phase product collection pipe 7, and a vapor-phase product condenser 8.

[0038] The multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor 2 is formed by combining eight tubular pyrolysis reactors, each of which has a cylindrical shape and is provided with a gas collecting internal member 6 at the center.

[0039] The gas collection internal member 6 is cylindrical in shape and has holes that allow the gas phase products to pass through.The internal member has an opening at its lower end within the material layer of the pyrolysis reactor and a closed upper end that communicates with a gas phase product collection pipe 7, which guides the pyrolysis gas phase products out of the pyrolysis reactor and sends them to a gas phase product condenser 8.

[0040] The heat receiving part of the multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor 2 is arranged in the heating chamber 4, and the eight tubular pyrolysis reactors are arranged in the heating chamber 4 in a multi-tube manner. As shown in Figure 4, four tubular pyrolysis reactors are arranged in one row, and they are arranged alternately in two rows in the heating chamber.

[0041] The heating chamber 4 is an internal combustion chamber, which supplies heat to the pyrolysis reaction by burning the gasified coal gas, and can accommodate eight tubular pyrolysis reactors.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 4, the regenerative burners 3 are symmetrically distributed on the side of the heating chamber 4 and use gasified coal gas as fuel.

[0043] A gas phase product collection pipe 7 connects the outlets of the gas collection internals 6 of the four tubular pyrolysis reactors in the same row and introduces the pyrolysis gas phase products into a gas phase product condenser 8 .

[0044] Example 4 The thermal cracking apparatus for solid hydrocarbon feedstock includes a feeder 1, a multi-tubular thermal cracking reactor 2, a regenerative burner 3, a heating chamber 4, a solid-phase product discharger 5, a gas collection internal 6, a vapor-phase product collection tube 7, and a vapor-phase product condenser 8.

[0045] The multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor 2 is formed by combining 16 tubular pyrolysis reactors, each of which has a cylindrical shape and is provided with a gas collecting internal member 6 at the center.

[0046] The gas collection internal member 6 is cylindrical in shape and has holes that allow the gas phase products to pass through.The internal member has an opening at its lower end within the material layer of the pyrolysis reactor and a closed upper end that communicates with a gas phase product collection pipe 7, which guides the pyrolysis gas phase products out of the pyrolysis reactor and sends them to a gas phase product condenser 8.

[0047] The heat receiving part of the multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor 2 is disposed in the heating chamber 4, and the 16 tubular pyrolysis reactors are arranged in the heating chamber 4 in a multi-tubular manner.

[0048] The heating chamber 4 is an internal combustion chamber, which supplies heat to the pyrolysis reaction by burning pyrolysis gas, and can accommodate 16 tubular pyrolysis reactors.

[0049] The regenerative burners 3 are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the heating chamber 4, and the regenerative burners 3 use pyrolysis gas separated in the gas phase product condenser 8 as fuel.

[0050] A gas phase product collection pipe 7 connects the outlets of the gas collection internals 6 of the tubular pyrolysis reactors in the same row and introduces the pyrolysis gas phase products into a gas phase product condenser 8 .

[0051] Example 5 The pyrolysis method based on the pyrolysis apparatus of the solid hydrocarbon feedstock comprises: feeding solid hydrocarbon feedstock into eight tubular pyrolysis reactors via eight feeders (1), respectively; heating the feedstock to cause a pyrolysis reaction while the feedstock moves downward in the multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor (2), and discharging pyrolysis gaseous products; The gas phase product is radially fluidized to pass through the moving particle bed layer and sent through holes to a gas collection internal member 6, and then the outlets of the gas collection internal members of the four tubular pyrolysis reactors connected in parallel in each row are connected to a gas phase product collection pipe 7, and the pyrolysis gas phase product is collected in a gas phase product condenser 8 for cooling and separation; a step of mixing the separated pyrolysis gas with air and introducing the mixture into the heat storage burner 3, and burning the mixture as fuel gas in the heating chamber 4 to supply heat to the pyrolysis reactor; and cooling and heat exchanging the solid-phase product after the pyrolysis reaction, and then discharging it from the pyrolysis reactor through the solid-phase product discharger 5 and sending it to a downstream processing stage, so that the entire process is carried out continuously.

[0052] In this example, compared to a pyrolysis device without a gas collection internal member added to the tubular pyrolysis reactor, the heat transfer rate using the technology of the present invention is improved by more than one-fold, the pyrolysis oil yield is improved by more than one-fold, and the dust content is reduced to less than 0.2%.

[0053] Example 6 The pyrolysis method based on the pyrolysis apparatus of the solid hydrocarbon feedstock comprises: The solid hydrocarbon feedstock is respectively fed to the 16 tubular pyrolysis reactors by the 16 feeders 1, and the feedstock is heated to cause a pyrolysis reaction while moving downward in the multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor 2, and pyrolysis gas phase products are released; The gas phase product is radially fluidized to pass through the moving particle bed layer and sent through holes to a gas collection internal member 6, and then the outlets of the gas collection internal members of the eight tubular pyrolysis reactors connected in parallel in each row are connected to a gas phase product collection pipe 7, and the pyrolysis gas phase product is collected and cooled in a gas phase product condenser 8 for separation; mixing the separated pyrolysis gas, externally supplied natural gas and air, and introducing the mixture into a regenerative burner 3, and burning the mixture as fuel gas in a heating chamber 4 to supply heat to a pyrolysis reactor; and cooling and heat exchanging the solid-phase product after the pyrolysis reaction, and then discharging it from the pyrolysis reactor through the solid-phase product discharger 5 and sending it to a downstream processing stage, so that the entire process is carried out continuously.

[0054] In this example, compared to a pyrolysis device without a gas collection internal member added to the tubular pyrolysis reactor, the heat transfer rate using the technology of the present invention is improved by more than 1.5 times, the pyrolysis oil yield is improved by more than 1 time, and the dust content is reduced to less than 0.1%.

[0055] Obviously, the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clarifying the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make further changes or modifications based on the above description. It is not possible to cover all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor (2) comprises a feeder (1), a multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor (2), a regenerative burner (3), a heating chamber (4), a solid-phase product discharger (5), a gas collection internal member (6), a gas-phase product collection pipe (7), and a gas-phase product condenser (8). The multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor (2) is formed by combining one or more tubular pyrolysis reactors. The tubular pyrolysis reactors are generally cylindrical in shape, and a gas collection internal member (6) is provided at the center of each reactor. The gas collection internal member (6) is cylindrical in shape, and the internal member is provided with holes or perforations that allow the gas-phase product to pass through. The lower end of the internal member is open within the material bed of the pyrolysis reactor, and the upper end is closed and communicates with the gas-phase product collection pipe (7). The pyrolysis gas-phase product and the gas-phase product collecting pipe (7) connects the outlets of the gas-collecting internal members (6) of the tubular pyrolysis reactors in the same row, and introduces the gas-phase product into the gas-phase product condenser (8). The heat-receiving section of the multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor (2) is disposed within the heating chamber (4). The tubular pyrolysis reactors are arranged in the heating chamber (4) in a multi-tubular manner. The heating chamber (4) is an internal combustion chamber that supplies heat to the pyrolysis reaction by burning a combustible gas. One or more of the tubular pyrolysis reactors can be arranged in the heating chamber. The regenerative burners (3) are symmetrically distributed on the top, bottom or side of the heating chamber (4). The gas-phase product collecting pipe (7) connects the outlets of the gas-collecting internal members (6) of the tubular pyrolysis reactors in the same row, and introduces the gas-phase product of the pyrolysis into the gas-phase product condenser (8).

2. a process (1) for feeding solid hydrocarbon feedstocks into a multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor (2) through a feeder (1), heating the feedstocks to cause a pyrolysis reaction while the feedstocks are moving downward in the multi-tubular pyrolysis reactor (2), and discharging pyrolysis gaseous products; a process (2) for radially fluidizing the vapor product through a moving particle bed and through holes or holes into a gas collection internal (6), then through a vapor product collection pipe (7) and into a vapor product condenser (8) for cooling and separation; a process (3) in which the separated pyrolysis gas and / or external fuel gas is mixed with air and introduced by a regenerative burner (3) and burned in a heating chamber (4) to supply heat to the pyrolysis reactor; and (4) a process for cooling and heat-exchanging the solid-phase product after the thermal cracking reaction, and then discharging the solid-phase product from the thermal cracking reactor through a solid-phase product discharger (5) and sending it to a downstream processing stage, thereby carrying out the entire process continuously.

3. 3. The apparatus and process for pyrolysis of solid hydrocarbon feedstock according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the regenerative burner (3) is fueled by a combustible gas selected from one or a combination of two or more of pyrolysis gas, natural gas, gasified coal gas, and petroleum gas, and preferably uses the pyrolysis gas separated in the gas-phase product condenser (8) as gas fuel.

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