Smoke evacuation system, smoke evacuation control apparatus, smoke evacuation control method, and smoke evacuation control program

Abstract

To prevent the interior of an internal space of a building from being destroyed when a smoke exhaust switch is operated.SOLUTION: A smoke evacuation system for evacuating smoke from an internal space of a building to an external space includes a smoke evacuation passage having one end connected to a smoke evacuation port provided in the internal space, a smoke evacuation device connected to the other end of the smoke evacuation passage, a passage switching section capable of switching between communication and shut-off between the external space and a smoke evacuation passage upstream portion that is a portion of the smoke evacuation passage on a smoke evacuation port side with respect to the smoke evacuation device, a smoke evacuation operation section that is manually operated to activate the smoke evacuation device, a fire detector that detects occurrence of fire in the internal space, and a control device that controls operations of the smoke evacuation device and the passage switching section. When detecting that the smoke exhaust operation section is operated, the control device activates the smoke exhaust device and controls the passage switching section so that the smoke exhaust passage upstream section communicates with the external space, and when the fire sensing section senses occurrence of a fire, the control device controls the passage switching section so that the smoke exhaust passage upstream section is shut off from the external space.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a smoke exhaust system for exhausting smoke from the interior space of a building, a smoke exhaust control device, a smoke exhaust control method, and a smoke exhaust control program. [Background technology]

[0002] Buildings are equipped with smoke exhaust devices to exhaust smoke from the interior space to the outside in the event of a fire. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a smoke exhaust control device that controls the smoke exhaust device. When smoke is detected by a smoke detector, this smoke exhaust control device controls the smoke exhaust device and smoke exhaust duct based on the detection signal, and exhausts the smoke from the interior space to the outside via the smoke exhaust duct by the smoke exhaust device.

[0003] Indoor facilities such as theaters and halls are generally provided with a manual smoke exhaust control unit (e.g., a push button) for activating a smoke exhaust system in the event of a fire. It is assumed that when a person senses smoke associated with a fire, they will operate the smoke exhaust control unit to activate the smoke exhaust system. Theaters and halls have airtight interior spaces to ensure sound insulation. If the airtightness remains even after the smoke exhaust control is operated and the smoke exhaust system is activated, the air pressure will drop as the interior space is exhausted. As a result, a large inward load acts on the walls of the interior space, which may cause the interior to collapse or result in interior damage (interior collapse). Therefore, conventionally, when it is necessary to operate the smoke exhaust control unit for reasons other than a fire, such as maintenance of the smoke exhaust equipment, the door to the interior space is opened to prevent damage to the interior due to a drop in air pressure. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-219211 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, because the smoke exhaust control unit is installed in a location where anyone can operate it, it can be operated incorrectly due to mischief or carelessness, etc. In this case, after the smoke exhaust device is activated, it takes time for the door to open, causing a drop in air pressure in the interior space, and there is a risk that the above-mentioned damage to the interior cannot be prevented.

[0006] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to prevent damage to the interior space of a building when the smoke exhaust operating unit is incorrectly operated due to mischief or carelessness, causing the smoke exhaust device to activate. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a smoke exhaust system for exhausting smoke from the interior space of a building to the exterior space, comprising: a smoke exhaust passage connected at one end to a smoke exhaust port provided in the interior space; a smoke exhaust device provided in the smoke exhaust passage; a passage switching unit capable of switching between communication and blocking between the exterior space and the upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passage, which is the portion of the smoke exhaust passage closer to the smoke exhaust port than the smoke exhaust device; a smoke exhaust operation unit that is manually operated to activate the smoke exhaust device; a fire detection unit that detects the occurrence of a fire in the interior space; and a control device that controls the operation of the smoke exhaust device and the passage switching unit, wherein when the control device detects that the smoke exhaust operation unit has been operated, it activates the smoke exhaust device and controls the passage switching unit so that the upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passage is connected to the exterior space, and when the fire detection unit detects the occurrence of a fire, it controls the passage switching unit so that the upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passage is blocked from the exterior space.

[0008] According to the present invention, when the smoke exhaust control unit is operated, the smoke exhaust device is activated and the upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passage is connected to the exterior. In this state, the smoke exhaust device mainly draws in air from the exterior through the smoke exhaust passage, and only a small amount of air is drawn in from the interior. Therefore, even after the smoke exhaust control unit is operated and the smoke exhaust device is activated, the air pressure in the interior space does not decrease even if the interior space remains airtight, thereby preventing damage to the interior. When a fire is detected by the fire detection unit, the passage switching unit is controlled to close the upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passage from the exterior, so that the smoke exhaust device draws in air from the interior space and can exhaust smoke from the interior space to the exterior.

[0009] In this way, even if the smoke exhaust control unit is operated and the smoke exhaust device is activated, if the fire detection unit does not detect a fire, the amount of air exhausted from the interior space is small, so if the smoke exhaust control unit is operated incorrectly due to mischief or carelessness, it is possible to prevent damage to the interior due to a drop in air pressure in the interior space.

[0010] In the smoke exhaust system of the present invention, there is provided a branch passage which is connected at one end to the upstream part of the smoke exhaust passage and at the other end to the external space, and the passage switching unit includes a first opening / closing unit and a second opening / closing unit provided in the branch passage, and when the control device detects that the smoke exhaust operation unit has been operated, it activates the smoke exhaust device and controls the first opening / closing unit and the second opening / closing unit so that the upstream part of the smoke exhaust passage is connected to both of the external spaces, and when the fire detection unit detects the occurrence of a fire, it controls the first opening / closing unit and the second opening / closing unit so that the upstream part of the smoke exhaust passage is cut off from the external space.

[0011] In this way, by controlling the open / closed states of the first opening / closing section and the second opening / closing section, it is possible to switch between communication and blockage between the smoke exhaust passage and the outside space.

[0012] In this case, one branch passage is provided, and the first opening / closing unit and the second opening / closing unit are provided in series in the branch passage, and the control device may be configured to open both the first opening / closing unit and the second opening / closing unit when the smoke exhaust operation unit is operated, and to close at least one of the first opening / closing unit and the second opening / closing unit when the fire detection unit detects a fire.

[0013] Alternatively, two branch passages may be provided, the first opening / closing unit may be provided in one branch passage, and the second opening / closing unit may be provided in the other branch passage, and the control device may open at least one of the first opening / closing unit and the second opening / closing unit when the smoke exhaust operation unit is operated, and close both the first opening / closing unit and the second opening / closing unit when the fire detection unit detects the occurrence of a fire.

[0014] In addition, in the present invention, the building has a plurality of internal spaces, the exhaust passage is connected to the smoke exhaust outlet provided in each of the plurality of internal spaces, the smoke exhaust operating unit and the fire detection unit are provided corresponding to each of the plurality of internal spaces, the smoke exhaust outlet is normally in a closed state and is configured to be switchable to an open state by the control device, and when a smoke exhaust switch corresponding to any of the internal spaces is operated, the control device opens the smoke exhaust outlet corresponding to that internal space.

[0015] In addition, in the present invention, the fire detection unit may include an emergency switch that is operated when a fire occurs and a fire sensor that detects the occurrence of a fire, and the control unit may determine that a fire has occurred when the fire occurrence switch is operated or when the occurrence of a fire is detected by the fire sensor. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] The present invention aims to prevent damage to the interior space of a building when the smoke exhaust control unit is erroneously operated due to mischief or carelessness, causing the smoke exhaust device to activate. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram schematically showing a vertical cross section of a theater to which a smoke exhaust control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the configuration of a wall portion of a theater in this embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a smoke exhaust system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the state when the smoke exhaust switch is operated in this embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state in which a fire confirmation determination has been made in the present embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a flowchart of a program executed by a computer constituting the control device in the present embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a smoke evacuation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the state when the smoke exhaust switch is operated in this embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state in which a fire confirmation determination has been made in the present embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 illustrates a third embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic vertical cross section of a theater 1 to which a smoke exhaust control system according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied. As shown in Figure 1, theater 1 comprises a main body 10, for example made of a steel frame, and a box 13 that is provided inside main body 10 and defines an interior space 12 including a stage 12a and audience seats 12b. Box 13 comprises a ceiling 14, walls 16, and a floor 18. Wall 16 is provided with a door 20 for accessing interior space 12.

[0019] A plurality of emergency switches 22 to be operated by a person in the event of a fire are provided at appropriate positions on the wall 16 of the interior space 12. A plurality of fire detection sensors 24 that detect fires by smoke or heat are also provided at high positions on the wall 16 (for example, near the ceiling 14). Furthermore, a smoke exhaust switch 26 as a smoke exhaust operation unit is provided outside the interior space 12 within the theater 1 (for example, on the wall of the lobby). The smoke exhaust switch 26 is manually operated when an employee or visitor detects the occurrence of smoke within the theater 1.

[0020] Furthermore, a smoke exhaust port 28 is provided near the ceiling portion 14 in the interior space 12. The smoke exhaust port 28 may be an opening provided in the ceiling portion 14. In this embodiment, the smoke exhaust port 28 is assumed to be always open. One end of a smoke exhaust passage 30 is connected to the smoke exhaust port 28. Therefore, the smoke exhaust passage 30 communicates with the interior space 12 at this end via the smoke exhaust port 28. The other end of the smoke exhaust passage 30 is connected to the intake port of a smoke exhaust device 32 (not shown in FIG. 1 ) provided, for example, on the roof of the theater 1. The outlet of the smoke exhaust device 32 is open to the space outside the theater 1 (hereinafter referred to as the external space 15). Therefore, in this embodiment, smoke is exhausted from the interior space 12 of the theater 1 to the external space 15. As will be described later, the smoke exhaust device 32 is activated when the smoke exhaust switch 26 is operated.

[0021] In theater 1, box 13 is constructed to have high sound insulation and airtightness to prevent sounds from performances such as musical performances and plays taking place within interior space 12 from leaking outside and to prevent external sounds from entering interior space 12. On the other hand, the strength of the building that makes up theater 1 is ensured by structure 10, so generally speaking, box 13 itself does not have high strength.

[0022] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a vertical cross section including the attachment portions of the left wall 16, ceiling 14, and floor 18 in FIG.

[0023] As shown in Figure 2, the ceiling 14 of the theater 1 has a typical configuration for a ceiling of a steel-framed building, including joists 34 that form the base of the ceiling material 14a and joist supports 36 that support the joists 34. Runners 38 are fixed to the underside of the joist supports 36, which are located on the outermost periphery of the box body 13, and the upper ends of the walls 16 are supported by being fitted into the runners 38. Although not shown, soundproofing is applied to the joints between the ceiling material 14a and the walls 16, and soundproofing material (not shown) is installed across the surfaces of the ceiling material 14a and the walls 16, ensuring soundproofing and airtightness at the joints between the walls 16 and the ceiling 14.

[0024] The floor section 18 includes a floor slab 18a and flooring material 18b provided above it. The lower end of the wall section 16 is fitted into and fixed to a runner 40 fixed to the upper surface of the floor slab 18a. Soundproofing treatment is also applied to the joints between the wall section 16 and the floor slab 18a and flooring material 18b, ensuring soundproofing and airtightness at the joints between the wall section 16 and the floor section 18.

[0025] In this way, sound insulation and airtightness are ensured at the connection parts between the wall parts 16 and the ceiling part 14 and floor part 18 of the box body 13, thereby increasing the airtightness of the internal space 12. On the other hand, the wall parts 16 are merely supported by being fitted at their upper and lower ends into the runners 38, 40, and are not fixed with sufficient strength. The configuration shown in FIG. 2 is merely an example, and various configurations can be used for the support of the wall portion 16, but in any case, the fact remains that the wall portion 16 is not firmly fixed.

[0026] For this reason, as described in the prior art section above, if the smoke exhaust switch 26 is operated erroneously due to mischief or carelessness, causing the smoke exhaust device 32 to operate while the doors of the theater 1 are closed and the interior space 12 remains airtight, the air in the interior space 12 will be exhausted through the smoke exhaust port 28, causing a drop in the air pressure in the interior space 12. As a result, a large inward force will act on the wall 16, which could cause the wall 16 to collapse inward or otherwise cause damage to the interior. In order to prevent such damage to the interior, the smoke exhaust system 50 of this embodiment has the following configuration.

[0027] 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of a smoke exhaust system 50 according to this embodiment. The smoke exhaust system 50 includes a control device 52 and a smoke exhaust system 54 including a smoke exhaust passage 30. As described above, one end of the smoke exhaust passage 30 is connected to the smoke exhaust port 28 provided in the interior space 12 and communicates with the interior space 12, and the other end is connected to the intake port of the smoke exhaust device 32.

[0028] The smoke exhaust system 54 includes a branch passage 56 that branches off from the smoke exhaust passage 30. The tip of the branch passage 56 is open to the external space 15. A smoke exhaust damper SMD, a smoke control damper SD, and a volume damper VD are provided in series in the branch passage 56. Either the smoke exhaust damper SMD or the smoke prevention damper SD corresponds to the "first opening / closing section" of the present invention, and the other corresponds to the "second opening / closing section" of the present invention.

[0029] The control device 52 is electrically connected to the emergency switch 22, the fire detection sensor 24, and the smoke exhaust switch 26. As a result, the control device 52 detects that the emergency switch 22 and the smoke exhaust switch 26 have been operated, and receives a fire detection signal output by the fire detection sensor 24 when it detects a fire.

[0030] The smoke exhaust damper SMD is normally closed and is configured to switch to an open state when a smoke exhaust signal is supplied from the control device 52. The smoke damper SD is normally open and is configured to switch to a closed state when a smoke exhaust signal is supplied from the control device 52. The smoke exhaust device 32 is normally stopped and is configured to start up when a smoke exhaust signal is supplied from the control device 52.

[0031] The volume damper VD is a damper for setting the amount of outside air taken into the smoke exhaust device 32 from the external space 15 through the branch passage 56 to an appropriate value according to the specifications of the smoke exhaust device 32, and since it is not related to the essence of the present invention, it will not be mentioned specifically below.

[0032] When the control device 52 detects that the smoke exhaust switch 26 has been operated, it outputs a smoke exhaust signal to the smoke exhaust damper SMD and the smoke exhaust device 32. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4 , the smoke exhaust damper SMD switches from a closed state to an open state while the smoke damper SD remains open, and the smoke exhaust device 32 is activated. That is, when the smoke exhaust damper SMD and the smoke damper SD, which are installed in series in the branch passage 56, both open, the smoke exhaust passage 30 communicates with the exterior space 15 via the branch passage 56, and the smoke exhaust device 32 operates in this state. Therefore, the smoke exhaust device 32 mainly draws air from the exterior space 15 through the branch passage 56, and the amount of air drawn from the interior space 12 is kept small. Therefore, even if the doors 20 of the theater 1 remain closed and the interior space 12 remains airtight, the air pressure in the interior space 12 hardly drops.

[0033] This prevents the interior from being destroyed due to a drop in air pressure in the internal space 12, even if the smoke exhaust switch 26 is erroneously operated due to mischief or carelessness and the door 20 remains open after the smoke exhaust device 32 is activated.

[0034] On the other hand, if the smoke exhaust switch 26 is operated not due to misoperation or carelessness, but due to an actual fire, the emergency switch 22 will be operated in the interior space 12, or a fire detection signal will be output from the fire detection sensor 24.

[0035] In this embodiment, the control device 52 is configured to make a definitive determination of the occurrence of a fire when any one of the emergency switches 22 is operated or when fire detection signals are output from two or more fire detection sensors 24. The reason why the determination condition is that fire detection signals are output from two or more fire detection sensors 24 is to prevent an erroneous determination that a fire has occurred due to erroneous detection by the fire detection sensors 24. However, the determination condition may also be that a fire detection signal is output from one fire detection sensor 24, or that a fire detection signal is output from three or more fire detection sensors 24.

[0036] When the control device 52 determines that a fire has occurred, it outputs a fire confirmation signal to the smoke damper SD while continuing to output a smoke exhaust signal to the smoke exhaust damper SMD and the smoke exhaust device 32. As a result, as shown in Figure 5, the smoke damper SD switches from an open state to a closed state, and the smoke exhaust passage 30 is blocked from the external space 15 by the smoke damper SD. In this state, the smoke exhaust passage 30 communicates only with the smoke exhaust port 28 of the internal space 12. Therefore, the smoke exhaust device 32 draws air from the internal space 12 through the smoke exhaust passage 30 and from the smoke exhaust port 28, and exhausts it to the external space 15. As a result, smoke generated in the internal space 12 due to a fire is exhausted together with the air by the smoke exhaust device 32 through the smoke exhaust passage 30 to the external space 15.

[0037] 5, if the door 20 is not opened, the air in the interior space 12 will be discharged while maintaining its airtightness, causing a drop in air pressure, which may lead to damage to the interior. However, in this state, a fire has already broken out in the interior space 12, and the possibility of interior damage is no longer an issue.

[0038] In the above explanation, it was assumed that a definitive determination of a fire was made after the smoke exhaust switch 26 was operated, but it is also possible that the smoke exhaust switch 26 is operated after a definitive determination of a fire has been made.

[0039] In this case, when the control device 52 determines that a fire has occurred, it supplies a fire confirmation signal to the smoke damper SD, thereby switching the smoke damper SD from an open state to a closed state, and when the smoke exhaust switch 26 is operated, it supplies a smoke exhaust signal to the smoke exhaust damper SMD and the smoke exhaust device 32, thereby switching the smoke exhaust damper SMD from a closed state to an open state and activating the smoke exhaust device 32.

[0040] Therefore, if a definitive determination of a fire is made before the smoke exhaust switch 26 is operated, both the smoke damper SD and the smoke exhaust damper SMD are closed, and the smoke exhaust passage 30 is cut off from the exterior space 15. In this state, the smoke exhaust device 32 is not operating, so the air in the interior space 12 is not exhausted.

[0041] Therefore, even if the door 20 is not opened after a definitive determination of a fire has been made due to erroneous operation of the emergency switch 22 or erroneous operation of the fire detection sensor 24, damage to the interior due to a drop in air pressure in the internal space 12 can be prevented.

[0042] After a definitive determination of a fire has been made, when the smoke exhaust switch 26 is operated, the smoke exhaust damper SMD opens, as in the state shown in Figure 5 above, but the smoke damper SD remains closed, so the smoke exhaust passage 30 remains blocked from the external space 15, the smoke exhaust device 32 operates, and the smoke in the internal space 12 is exhausted together with the air.

[0043] The control device 52 having the functions described above is realized by a computer executing a program. FIG. 6 shows an example of a flowchart of a program executed by a computer that constitutes the control device 52.

[0044] As shown in FIG. 6, first, in step 100, it is determined whether the smoke exhaust switch 26 has been operated. If the determination result in step 100 is "YES", in step 102, a smoke exhaust signal is output to the smoke exhaust device 32 and the smoke exhaust damper SMD, thereby starting the smoke exhaust device 32 and switching the smoke exhaust damper SMD from a closed state to an open state.

[0045] Next, in step 104, it is determined whether any of the emergency switches 22 has been operated or whether fire detection signals have been output from two or more fire detection sensors 24. If the result of this determination is "YES," a definitive determination is made that a fire has occurred, and in step 106, a fire confirmation signal is output to the smoke damper SD, which switches the smoke damper SD from the open state to the closed state, and then the process ends.

[0046] On the other hand, if the determination result in step 104 is "NO", then in step 108 it is determined whether or not the time that has elapsed since the smoke exhaust switch 26 was operated has reached a predetermined time. If this determination result is "NO", the process returns to step 104. On the other hand, if the determination result in step 108 is "YES", then even if the predetermined time has elapsed since the smoke exhaust switch 26 was operated, a definitive determination of a fire has not been made. In this case, it is determined that no fire has occurred and that the smoke exhaust switch 26 has been erroneously operated due to mischief or carelessness, and the output of the smoke exhaust signal is stopped in step 110, after which the process returns to step 100.

[0047] If the result of the determination in step 100 is "NO", then in step 120 it is determined whether the emergency switch 22 has been operated or whether a fire detection signal has been output from two or more fire detection sensors 24. If the result of this determination is "NO", the process returns to step 100.

[0048] If the determination result in step 120 is "YES", a fire occurrence is determined to be definitive, and in step 122, a fire determination signal is output to the smoke damper SD, thereby switching the smoke damper SD from the open state to the closed state.

[0049] Next, in step 124, it is determined whether the smoke exhaust switch 26 has been operated. If the result of this determination is "YES", in step 126, a smoke exhaust signal is output to the smoke exhaust device 32 and the smoke exhaust damper SMD, thereby activating the smoke exhaust device 32 and switching the smoke exhaust damper SMD from an open state to an open state, and then the process ends.

[0050] On the other hand, if the determination result in step 124 is "NO", then in step 128 it is determined whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed since the definitive determination of a fire occurred. If this determination result is "NO", the process returns to step 124. On the other hand, if the determination result in step 128 is "YES", then the smoke exhaust switch 26 has not been operated even though a predetermined time has elapsed since the definitive determination of a fire occurred. In this case, it is determined that no fire has occurred, and the definitive determination of a fire occurred was due to an erroneous operation of the emergency switch 22 or a malfunction of the fire detection sensor 24, and the output of the fire confirmation signal is stopped in step 130, after which the process returns to step 100.

[0051] After a fire breaks out, once it is confirmed that the fire has been extinguished and no more smoke is being generated, a predetermined recovery operation is manually performed on the control device 52. When the recovery operation is performed, the control device 52 stops outputting the smoke exhaust signal and fire confirmation signal. As a result, the smoke exhaust damper SMD returns to the closed state, the smoke damper SD returns to the open state, and the smoke exhaust device 32 stops.

[0052] As described above, according to this embodiment, after the smoke exhaust switch 26 is operated, the smoke exhaust device 32 operates until a definitive determination of a fire is made, but the smoke exhaust damper SMD and the smoke damper SD are both in the open state, so the smoke exhaust passage 30 communicates with the exterior space 15, and the amount of air exhausted from the interior space 12 is small. Therefore, even if the smoke exhaust switch 26 is erroneously operated due to mischief or carelessness, and the smoke exhaust device 32 is activated, and the door 20 remains closed, the air pressure in the interior space 12 hardly drops, and therefore damage to the interior can be prevented.

[0053] Furthermore, if the smoke exhaust switch 26 is not operated by mistake but is actually operated in response to the occurrence of a fire, a definitive determination of a fire will be made based on the operation of the emergency switch 22 or the fire detection signal from the fire detection sensor 24, the smoke damper SD will be closed, and the smoke exhaust passage 30 will be blocked from the external space 15, allowing the smoke in the internal space 12 to be exhausted to the external space 15 by the smoke exhaust device 32.

[0054] In the above embodiment, the smoke exhaust vent 28 is always open, but in order to improve the sound insulation of the interior space 12, the smoke exhaust vent 28 may be made openable and closable according to control from the control device 52, and may be normally kept in a closed state, but may be controlled to open when the smoke exhaust switch 26 is operated or when a definitive determination is made that a fire has occurred.

[0055] In addition, in Figure 3, the smoke exhaust damper SMD is provided on the smoke exhaust passage side and the smoke prevention damper SD is provided on the outside air side, but the smoke exhaust damper SMD may be provided on the outside air side and the smoke prevention damper SD on the smoke exhaust passage side.

[0056] Furthermore, the smoke exhaust damper SMD and the smoke prevention damper SD may be connected in parallel instead of in series. 7 shows a second embodiment in which a smoke exhaust damper SMD and a smoke prevention damper SD are connected in parallel. As shown in the figure, two branch passages 152 and 154 branch off from the smoke exhaust passage 30. A smoke exhaust damper SMD is provided in the branch passage 152, and a smoke prevention damper SD is provided in the branch passage 154. In this embodiment, the smoke exhaust damper SMD is normally open, as opposed to its original open / closed state, and is configured to switch to a closed state when a smoke exhaust signal is supplied.

[0057] In this embodiment, when the smoke exhaust switch 26 is operated, a smoke exhaust signal is output to the smoke exhaust device 32 and the smoke exhaust damper SMD. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, the smoke exhaust device 32 is activated and the smoke exhaust damper SMD switches from an open state to a closed state. In this state, the smoke damper SD is maintained in an open state, so the smoke exhaust passage 30 communicates with the exterior space 15 through the branch passage 154. Therefore, the activated smoke exhaust device 32 mainly draws in outside air, and the amount of air drawn from the interior space 12 is small. Therefore, the air pressure in the interior space 12 hardly drops, and therefore, even if the door 20 is not opened, no damage to the interior will occur.

[0058] In this state, if a fire is definitively determined to have occurred by operating the emergency switch 22 or by outputting a fire detection signal from two or more fire detection sensors 24, the control device 52 outputs a fire confirmation signal to the smoke damper SD. As a result, as shown in Figure 9, the smoke damper SD switches from the open state to the closed state, and both the smoke exhaust damper SMD and the smoke damper SD are closed. The smoke exhaust passage 30 is cut off from the external space 15, so that the smoke exhaust device 32 sucks air from the internal space 12 through the smoke exhaust port 28 and discharges it together with smoke into the external space 15.

[0059] If a definitive determination of a fire is made before the smoke exhaust switch 26 is operated, a fire confirmation signal is first sent to the smoke damper SD, which closes, but the smoke exhaust damper SMD remains open. Therefore, the smoke exhaust passage 30 communicates with the exterior space 15 via the branch passage 152, and the amount of air exhausted from the interior space 12 is small, so the air pressure in the interior space hardly drops. When the smoke exhaust switch 26 is then operated, as shown in Figure 8, the smoke exhaust damper SMD also closes, blocking the smoke exhaust passage 30 from the exterior space 15, and the smoke exhaust device 32 exhausts the smoke from the interior space 12 together with the air.

[0060] As described above, the smoke evacuation system of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 also provides the same effects as the smoke evacuation system of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. In each of the above embodiments, the smoke exhaust system of the present invention has been described as being applied to a theater 1 having one interior space 12, but it can also be applied to buildings having multiple interior spaces (for example, a large hall with multiple halls).

[0061] 10 shows a third embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a facility having a plurality of interior spaces 12A to 12C. In this embodiment, an emergency switch 22, a fire detection sensor 24, and a smoke exhaust switch 26 are provided corresponding to each of the interior spaces 12A to 12C. Furthermore, smoke exhaust ports 28A to 28C are provided in the ceilings of the internal spaces 12A to 12C, respectively. The smoke exhaust ports 28A to 28C are normally closed, and are configured to switch to an open state when a smoke exhaust signal is supplied from the control device 52.

[0062] When the smoke exhaust switch 26 corresponding to one of the interior spaces (e.g., the interior space 12A) is operated, the control device 52 supplies a smoke exhaust signal to the smoke exhaust port 28A of the interior space 12A, and also supplies a smoke exhaust signal to the smoke exhaust device 32 and the smoke exhaust damper SMD, as in the first embodiment. As a result, the smoke exhaust port 28A of the interior space 12A switches to an open state, the smoke exhaust damper SMD switches to an open state, the smoke exhaust device 32 is activated, and the smoke damper SD is maintained in an open state. In other words, because the smoke exhaust damper SMD and the smoke damper SD are both open, the smoke exhaust passage 30 communicates with the exterior space 15, and the smoke exhaust device 32 mainly draws air from the exterior space 15. This prevents damage to the interior of the interior due to a drop in air pressure within the interior space 12A if the smoke exhaust switch 26 is erroneously operated due to tampering or carelessness, causing the smoke exhaust device 32 to activate.

[0063] When the emergency switch in the interior space 12A is operated or a fire occurrence signal is output from two or more fire detection sensors, and a fire occurrence is confirmed, the control device 52 outputs a fire confirmation signal to the smoke damper SD. This closes the smoke damper SD and blocks the smoke exhaust passage 30 from the exterior space 15, so that the air in the interior space 12A, together with smoke, is exhausted from the smoke exhaust port 28A through the smoke exhaust passage 30 to the exterior space 15 by the smoke exhaust device 32. In this embodiment, the operation when a definitive determination of a fire outbreak is made before the smoke exhaust switch 26 is operated is also the same as in the first embodiment.

[0064] In the above explanation, when the smoke exhaust switch 26 is operated, the control device 52 outputs a smoke exhaust signal to the smoke exhaust outlet 28A, causing the smoke exhaust outlet 28A to be in an open state. However, this is not limited to this, and when a definitive determination is made that a fire has occurred, the control device may output a fire confirmation signal to the smoke exhaust outlet 28A, causing the smoke exhaust outlet 28A to be in an open state.

[0065] As described above, according to this embodiment, in the case of a facility having multiple internal spaces 12A to 12C, smoke exhaust ports 28A to 28C that can be opened and closed individually are provided in each internal space, making it possible to individually exhaust smoke from an internal space where the smoke exhaust switch 26 has been operated or a confirmed fire has been determined, and also to prevent damage to the interior if the smoke exhaust switch 26 is erroneously operated due to mischief or carelessness, etc.

[0066] However, instead of exhausting smoke from the internal spaces 12A to 12C individually, when the smoke exhaust switch is operated in any of the internal spaces, the smoke exhaust ports 28A to 28C in all of the internal spaces may be opened to exhaust smoke. As in the second embodiment, the smoke exhaust system may be configured such that the smoke exhaust damper SMD and the smoke damper SD are provided in parallel.

[0067] In each of the above embodiments, the smoke exhaust device 32 is connected to one end of the smoke exhaust passage 30 (i.e., the entire smoke exhaust passage 30 is the ``upstream part of the smoke exhaust passage'' on the smoke exhaust outlet 28 side of the smoke exhaust device 32), but this is not limited to this, and the smoke exhaust device 32 may be installed midway along the smoke exhaust passage 30, in which case the branch passages 56, 152, 154 will branch off from a part of the smoke exhaust passage 30 on the smoke exhaust outlet 28 side of the smoke exhaust device 32.

[0068] Furthermore, although the above embodiments have described the present invention as being applied to facilities that include theaters and halls, the present invention is not limited to this and can be widely applied to buildings that have an interior space and are configured so that when a smoke exhaust switch is operated, a smoke exhaust device is activated to exhaust smoke from the interior space. [Explanation of symbols]

[0069] SMD smoke exhaust damper SD smoke damper VD Volume Damper 1. Theater 10. Body 12, 12A, 12B, 12C interior space 13 Box body 14 Ceiling 14a Ceiling material 16 Wall 15 Exterior Space 18 Floor 18a Floor slab 18b Flooring materials 20 Doors 22 Emergency switch 24 Fire detection sensor 26 Smoke exhaust switch 28, 28A, 28B, 28C smoke outlet 30 Smoke exhaust passage 32 Smoke exhaust system 34 No-en 36 Noenuke 38, 40 runners 50 Smoke exhaust system 52 Control device 54 Smoke exhaust system 56, 152, 154 Branch passage

Claims

1. A smoke exhaust system that exhausts smoke from an interior space of a building to an exterior space, a smoke exhaust passage having one end connected to a smoke exhaust port provided in the internal space; a smoke exhaust device provided in the smoke exhaust passage; a passage switching unit that can switch between communication and blocking between an upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passage, which is a portion of the smoke exhaust passage closer to the smoke exhaust port than the smoke exhaust device, and the external space; A smoke exhaust operation unit that is manually operated to activate the smoke exhaust device; a fire detection unit that detects the occurrence of a fire in the internal space; a control device for controlling the operation of the smoke exhaust device and the passage switching unit, When the control device detects that the smoke exhaust operating unit has been operated, it activates the smoke exhaust device and controls the passage switching unit so that the upstream part of the smoke exhaust passage is connected to the external space, and when the fire detection unit detects the occurrence of a fire, it controls the passage switching unit so that the upstream part of the smoke exhaust passage is blocked from the external space.This is a smoke exhaust system.

2. 10. The smoke evacuation system of claim 1, a branch passage having one end communicating with the upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passage and the other end communicating with the external space; the passage switching unit includes a first opening / closing unit and a second opening / closing unit provided in the branch passage, A smoke exhaust system in which, when the control device detects that the smoke exhaust operating unit has been operated, it activates the smoke exhaust device and controls the first opening / closing unit and the second opening / closing unit so that the upstream part of the smoke exhaust passage is connected to both of the external spaces, and when the fire detection unit detects the occurrence of a fire, it controls the first opening / closing unit and the second opening / closing unit so that the upstream part of the smoke exhaust passage is blocked from the external space.

3. 3. The smoke evacuation system of claim 2, one branch passage is provided, and the first opening / closing unit and the second opening / closing unit are provided in series in the branch passage; The control device opens both the first opening / closing unit and the second opening / closing unit when the smoke exhaust operation unit is operated, and closes at least one of the first opening / closing unit and the second opening / closing unit when the fire detection unit detects a fire. This is a smoke exhaust system.

4. 3. The smoke evacuation system of claim 2, two branch passages are provided, the first opening / closing unit is provided in one branch passage, and the second opening / closing unit is provided in the other branch passage; A smoke exhaust system in which the control device opens at least one of the first opening / closing unit and the second opening / closing unit when the smoke exhaust operating unit is operated, and closes both the first opening / closing unit and the second opening / closing unit when the fire detection unit detects the occurrence of a fire.

5. The smoke evacuation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the building has a plurality of the interior spaces; the exhaust passage is connected to the smoke exhaust port provided in each of the plurality of internal spaces, The smoke exhaust operation unit and the fire detection unit are provided corresponding to each of the plurality of internal spaces, The smoke exhaust port is normally in a closed state and is configured to be switchable to an open state by the control device, A smoke exhaust system in which, when a smoke exhaust switch corresponding to one of the internal spaces is operated, the control device opens the smoke exhaust port corresponding to that internal space.

6. The smoke evacuation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The fire detection unit includes an emergency switch that is operated when a fire occurs, and a fire sensor that detects the occurrence of a fire, A smoke exhaust system in which the control unit determines that a fire has occurred when the fire occurrence switch is operated or when the fire sensor detects the occurrence of a fire.

7. A smoke exhaust control device for controlling a smoke exhaust device comprising: a smoke exhaust passageway connected at one end to a smoke exhaust port provided in an internal space of a building; a smoke exhaust device provided in the smoke exhaust passageway; a passage switching unit capable of switching between communication and blocking between an upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passageway, which is a portion of the smoke exhaust passageway closer to the smoke exhaust port than the smoke exhaust device, and an external space of the building; a smoke exhaust operation unit manually operated to activate the smoke exhaust device; and a fire detection unit that detects the occurrence of a fire in the internal space, A smoke exhaust control device that, when it detects that the smoke exhaust operating unit has been operated, activates the smoke exhaust device and controls the passage switching unit so that the upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passage is connected to the external space, and when the fire detection unit detects the occurrence of a fire, controls the passage switching unit so that the upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passage is cut off from the external space.

8. A smoke exhaust control method for controlling a smoke exhaust device comprising: a smoke exhaust passage having one end connected to a smoke exhaust port provided in an internal space of a building; a smoke exhaust device provided in the smoke exhaust passage; a passage switching unit capable of switching between communication between an upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passage, which is a portion of the smoke exhaust passage closer to the smoke exhaust port than the smoke exhaust device, and an external space of the building; a smoke exhaust operation unit manually operated to activate the smoke exhaust device; and a fire detection unit that detects the occurrence of a fire in the internal space, When detecting that the smoke exhaust operation unit has been operated, starting the smoke exhaust device and controlling the passage switching unit so that the upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passage communicates with the external space; When the fire detection unit detects the occurrence of a fire, the smoke exhaust control method includes a step of controlling the passage switching unit so that the upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passage is blocked from the external space.

9. A smoke exhaust control program for realizing, by a computer, a control device for controlling a smoke exhaust device comprising: a smoke exhaust passage having one end connected to a smoke exhaust port provided in an internal space of a building; a smoke exhaust device provided in the smoke exhaust passage; a passage switching unit capable of switching between communication between an upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passage, which is a portion of the smoke exhaust passage closer to the smoke exhaust port than the smoke exhaust device, and an external space of the building; a smoke exhaust operation unit manually operated to activate the smoke exhaust device; and a fire detection unit that detects the occurrence of a fire in the internal space, The computer, determining whether the smoke exhaust operation unit has been operated; When it is determined that the smoke exhaust operation unit has been operated, a step of activating the smoke exhaust device and outputting a signal to control the passage switching unit so that the upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passage communicates with the external space of the building; determining whether the fire detection unit has detected the occurrence of a fire; When the fire detection unit determines that a fire has occurred, outputting a signal to control the passage switching unit so that the upstream portion of the smoke exhaust passage is blocked from the external space; A program that executes the following.

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