Radio base station, radio communication system, and radio communication method

Abstract

To provide a radio base station, a radio communication system, and a radio communication method capable of performing processing quickly and efficiently.SOLUTION: The radio base station includes a first device (DU110) including a radio communication unit with terminals and a second device (CU120) connected to the first device. The first device includes a control unit (DU control unit 113) that is directly connected to a first device of another radio base station using a specific interface and controls radio communication with a terminal, and a transmission and reception unit (IF connection unit 115) that transmits or receives scheduling information used for scheduling of the terminal via the specific interface.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a radio base station including a central device and a distribution device, a radio communication system, and a radio communication method. [Background technology]

[0002] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has developed specifications for the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G, also known as New Radio (NR) or Next Generation (NG)), and is also developing specifications for the next generation, known as Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G.

[0003] 3GPP Release 15 and later specifies that a radio base station (gNB) can be configured with a central unit (gNB-CU) connected to a core network and one or more distribution units (gNB-DU) connected to the central unit (Non-Patent Document 1).

[0004] In addition, 3GPP Release 15 and later enable carrier aggregation (Inter-gNB CA) and dual connectivity (DC) between multiple gNBs using high frequency bands (e.g., FR2: 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz or frequency bands above 52.6 GHz).

[0005] Furthermore, 3GPP Release 18 also considers a configuration (Multi-RAT Multi-Connectivity) in which a terminal (User Equipment, UE) uses multiple radio access technologies (RATs) and simultaneously realizes three or more connectivity types (Non-Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0006] [Non-Patent Document 1] 3GPP TS 38.473 V15.15.0, 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; NG-RAN; F1 application protocol (F1AP) (Release 15), 3GPP, October 2021 [Non-patent document 2] "Initial Views on Release 18 NR", RP-210293, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #91-e, 3GPP, March 2021 Summary of the Invention

[0007] When Inter-gNB CA or Multi-RAT Multi-Connectivity as described above is introduced, more control information will need to be exchanged between gNBs.

[0008] However, existing interface configurations (Xn, F1, etc.) can cause problems such as delay and efficiency.

[0009] Therefore, the following disclosure has been made in consideration of this situation, and aims to provide a radio base station, a radio communication system, and a radio communication method that can quickly and efficiently process Inter-gNB CA or Multi-RAT Multi-Connectivity, etc.

[0010] One aspect of the present disclosure is a radio base station (gNB100) that is composed of a first device (DU110) that has a radio communication unit (radio communication unit 111) with a terminal (UE200) and a second device (CU120) that is connected to the first device, wherein the first device is directly connected to the first device of another radio base station using a specific interface and has a control unit (DU control unit 113) that controls radio communication with the terminal, and a transceiver unit (IF connection unit 115) that transmits or receives information related to the radio communication via the specific interface.

[0011] One aspect of the present disclosure is a wireless communication system including a terminal and a wireless base station, wherein the wireless base station is composed of a first device having a wireless communication unit with the terminal and a second device connected to the first device, and the first device is directly connected to the first device of another wireless base station using a specific interface and has a control unit that controls wireless communication with the terminal and a transceiver unit that transmits or receives information related to the wireless communication via the specific interface.

[0012] One aspect of the present disclosure is a wireless communication method using a wireless base station consisting of a first device having a wireless communication unit with a terminal and a second device connected to the first device, wherein the first device is directly connected to a first device of another wireless base station using a specific interface, and includes a step of the first device controlling wireless communication with the terminal, and a step of the first device transmitting or receiving information related to the wireless communication via the specific interface. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall schematic configuration of a wireless communication system 10. As shown in FIG. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example (part 1) of an Inter-gNB CA. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example (part 2) of an Inter-gNB CA. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example (part 1) of triple connectivity. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example (part 2) of triple connectivity. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a control plane model of gNB100 (gNB-CU, gNB-DU) and UE200. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a functional block diagram of gNB100. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram of the UE 200. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example (case 1) of splitting user plane data in Inter-gNB CA. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example (case 2) of splitting user plane data in Inter-gNB CA. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example (Case 3) of splitting user plane data in Inter-gNB CA. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example (Case 4) of splitting user plane data in Inter-gNB CA. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example 1 of a scheduling coordination procedure. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example 2 of the scheduling coordination procedure. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example 3 of the scheduling coordination procedure. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a fourth example of a scheduling coordination procedure. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of gNB100 and UE200. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a vehicle 2001. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the same or similar reference numerals are used to designate the same functions or configurations, and descriptions thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

[0015] (1) Overall configuration of wireless communication system 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of a wireless communication system 10 according to this embodiment. The wireless communication system 10 is a wireless communication system conforming to 5G New Radio (NR), and includes a Next Generation-Radio Access Network 20 (hereinafter, NG-RAN 20) and a terminal 200 (User Equipment 200, hereinafter, UE 200).

[0016] The wireless communication system 10 may be a wireless communication system conforming to a method called Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G, or may include a wireless communication system conforming to a method called Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 4G.

[0017] The NG-RAN 20 includes a radio base station 100 (hereinafter, gNB 100). Note that the specific configuration of the radio communication system 10, including the number of gNBs (or eNBs) and UEs, is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1 .

[0018] The NG-RAN 20 actually includes multiple NG-RAN nodes, specifically gNBs (or ng-eNBs), and is connected to a 5G-compliant core network (5GC, not shown). The NG-RAN 20 is connected to an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), and the like, which are included in the 5G system architecture and provide access and mobility management functions for the UE 200. The NG-RAN 20 and the 5GC may also be simply referred to as a "network."

[0019] The gNB 100 is a radio base station conforming to NR, and performs radio communication conforming to NR with the UE 200. Note that the gNB 100 may be configured with a gNB-CU (Central Unit) and a gNB-DU (Distributed Unit), and the DU may be separated from the CU and installed in a geographically different location.

[0020] The gNB-DU includes a radio communication unit for communicating with the UE 200. The gNB-DU may also be called a first device or a distribution device. The gNB-CU is connected to the gNB-DU. Specifically, the gNB-CU is connected to one or more gNB-DUs via an F1 interface, which is an interface defined in 3GPP. The gNB-CU may also be called a second device or a central device.

[0021] The gNB100 and UE200 can support Massive MIMO, which generates more directional beams by controlling radio signals transmitted from multiple antenna elements, Carrier Aggregation (CA), which aggregates and uses multiple component carriers (CCs), and Dual Connectivity (DC), which simultaneously communicates between the UE and multiple NG-RAN nodes. Note that CA may include Inter-gNB CA, which is CA between different gNBs100.

[0022] The gNB100 and the UE200 perform wireless communication via a radio bearer, specifically, a Signaling Radio Bearer (SRB) or a DRB Data Radio Bearer (DRB).

[0023] In this embodiment, it is possible to implement Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC), specifically E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC), in which one of the gNBs 100 constitutes a master node (MN) and the other gNBs 100 constitute secondary nodes (SNs).

[0024] Any of the gNBs 100 may be included in a master cell group (MCG), and the other gNBs 100 may be included in a secondary cell group (SCG). The gNBs 100 (gNB-CU, gNB-DU) may also be referred to as radio base stations or network devices.

[0025] The type of DC may be Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) that uses multiple radio access technologies, or NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NR-DC) that uses only NR. MR-DC may also be E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) in which the eNB constitutes the master node (MN) and the gNB constitutes the secondary node (SN), or NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC) in which the opposite is true.

[0026] In the DC, an MCG and an SCG may be configured. The MCG may include a primary cell (PCell), and the SCG may include a secondary cell (SCell).

[0027] Furthermore, SCells may include primary / secondary cells (PSCells). A PSCell is a type of SCell, but may be interpreted as a special SCell with the same functions as a PCell. A PSCell may perform functions such as transmitting a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), performing a contention-based random access procedure (CBRA), and monitoring radio link quality (downlink radio quality monitoring), just like a PCell.

[0028] The UE 200 can support dual connectivity, which connects simultaneously to two gNBs 100 (which may be read as gNB-DUs), or triple connectivity, which connects simultaneously to three gNBs 100 (gNB-DUs). The UE 200 can support MR-DC, and therefore can also support Multi-RAT Multi-Connectivity, which uses multiple radio access technologies (RATs) to simultaneously achieve three or more connectivity.

[0029] (2) Example of Inter-gNB CA and triple connectivity configuration Next, a configuration example of Inter-gNB CA and triple connectivity between a gNB100 (radio base station) configured by a gNB-DU and a gNB-CU, and a UE200 will be described.

[0030] Fig. 2 shows a configuration example (part 1) of an Inter-gNB CA. As shown in Fig. 2, CU1 and CU2 may be connected by an Xn interface, and CU1 and DU1 and CU2 and DU2 may be connected by an F1 interface.

[0031] DU1 and DU2 may be connected by a new interface (here, referred to as D2 (tentative name)). Like other interfaces, D2 may have a control plane (D2-C) and a user plane (D2-U).

[0032] DU1 may form a PCell (for example, CC #1 is used), and DU2 may form an SCell (for example, CC #2 is used) (same below). Note that DU1 may be called a master DU (M-DU), and DU2 may be called a secondary DU (S-DU).

[0033] The UE 200 performs radio communication with the DU1 and the DU2, and can configure uplink channels (PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel)) and downlink channels (PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel)). Note that the channels with the SCell (DU2) do not necessarily need to be configured.

[0034] In this embodiment, various signaling may be performed over the D2 interface to support Inter-gNB CA, and the signaling may be performed in the physical layer (PHY), medium access control layer (MAC), or radio link control layer (RLC), or may be performed in a higher layer such as the radio resource control layer (RRC).

[0035] Figure 3 shows a second example of the configuration of an Inter-gNB CA. As shown in Figure 3, DU1 and DU2 may be connected to the same CU. In other words, multiple DUs may be connected to a CU. In this example configuration, DU1 and DU2 may also be connected via a D2 interface.

[0036] 4 shows a configuration example (part 1) of triple connectivity. As shown in FIG. 4, the MN may be connected to the SN1 and the SN2 via an Xn interface.

[0037] The MN may be connected to DU1 via an F1 interface. SN1 and SN2 may also be connected to DU2 and DU3, respectively, via an F1 interface. DU1 and DU2, DU1 and DU3, and DU2 and DU3 may be connected via D2 interfaces, respectively.

[0038] UE 200 may perform wireless communication with DU1, DU2, and DU3 and configure uplink and downlink channels. In this configuration example, DU2 may form a PSCell (for example, CC #2 is used), and DU3 may form a PSCell and an SCell (for example, CC #3 and #4 are used).

[0039] 5 shows a configuration example (part 2) of triple connectivity. As shown in FIG. 5, the MN may be connected to the SN1 via an Xn interface.

[0040] The MN may be connected to DU1 via an F1 interface. Furthermore, the SN1 may be connected to DU2 and DU3 via an F1 interface. In other words, multiple DUs may be connected to the SN. DU1 and DU2, DU1 and DU3, and DU2 and DU3 may be connected via D2 interfaces, respectively. In this configuration example, DU2 may form a PSCell (for example, CC #2 is used), and DU3 may form a SCell (for example, CC #3 is used).

[0041] Figure 6 shows an example of a control plane model of the gNB 100 (gNB-CU, gNB-DU) and the UE 200. As shown in Figure 6, only the M-DU terminates the RRC layer, and SCell configuration information may be provided via the M-DU ((1) in the figure).

[0042] Alternatively, the M-DU and S-DU may terminate the RRC layer, and configuration negotiation may be performed between the M-DU and S-DU ((2) in the figure). However, considering ease of implementation, the form (1) is considered preferable.

[0043] (3) Functional block configuration of wireless communication system Next, a description will be given of the functional block configuration of the wireless communication system 10. Specifically, the functional block configurations of the gNB 100 and the UE 200 will be described.

[0044] Fig. 7 is a functional block diagram of the gNB100. Fig. 8 is a functional block diagram of the UE200. Note that Figs. 7 and 8 only show main functional blocks relevant to the description of the embodiments, and that the gNB100 and the UE200 have other functional blocks (e.g., a power supply unit, etc.). Figs. 7 and 8 show functional block configurations of the gNB100 and the UE200, and for the hardware configuration, please refer to Fig. 17.

[0045] (3.1) gNB100 7, the gNB 100 may be composed of a DU 110 and a CU 120. Note that the number of DUs 110 and CUs 120 constituting the gNB 100 is not particularly limited.

[0046] The DU 110 includes a wireless communication unit 111, a DU control unit 113, and an IF connection unit 115. The CU 120 includes a CU control unit 121 and an IF connection unit 123. The DU 110 may function as an M-DU or an S-DU.

[0047] The radio communication unit 111 transmits a downlink signal (DL signal) conforming to NR. The DU 110 receives an uplink signal (UL signal) conforming to NR.

[0048] The DU control unit 113 can control the wireless communication unit 111 and the IF connection unit 115, and can control wireless communication with the UE 200. In this embodiment, the DU control unit 113 may constitute a control unit.

[0049] Specifically, the DU control unit 113 can perform various signaling and processing in the PHY, MAC, and RLC layers with the UE 200. The DU control unit 113 can also perform signaling and processing in the layers with the DUs of other gNBs 100 (other radio base stations).

[0050] The IF connection unit 115 provides functions necessary for connection with the CU 120 via the F1 interface and connection with other DUs via the D2 interface (specific interface). As described above, the DU 110 can be directly connected to another gNB 100 (gNB-DU) using the D2 interface.

[0051] The IF connection unit 115 can transmit or receive information related to wireless communication with the UE 200 via the D2 interface. In this embodiment, the IF connection unit 115 may constitute a transceiver. Specifically, the IF connection unit 115 can transmit or receive information indicating a state of a radio link with the UE 200 in the SCell (which may include a PSCell; the same applies hereinafter). The information indicating the state of the radio link may be interpreted as information related to an uplink control channel with the UE 200 in the SCell, a control element (MAC-CE) of an uplink medium access control layer, and a radio link control layer (RLC).

[0052] For example, the information indicating the state of the radio link may include an acknowledgement (ACK) / negative acknowledgement (NACK) of a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) in an SCell (which may be read as a CC), channel state information (CSI), a scheduling request (SR), a buffer status report (BSR), etc. Specific examples of this information will be described later.

[0053] The IF connection unit 115 can transmit or receive at least one of information relating to a downlink control channel with the UE 200 in the SCell, a control element (MAC-CE) of a medium access control layer, and information relating to a radio link control layer (RLC).

[0054] Specifically, the IF connection unit 115 can transmit or receive information related to the PDCCH of the SCell (for example, a Carrier indicator, a BWP (Bandwidth part) indicator, etc.), information related to MAC-CE (for example, a TA (timing advance), a DRX (Discontinuous Reception) command, etc.), and an acknowledgement (ACK) / negative acknowledgement (NACK) in RLC AM (Acknowledged Mode). Note that more specific examples of this information will be described later.

[0055] Furthermore, the IF connection unit 115 can transmit or receive scheduling information used to determine the scheduling priority of the UE 200. Specifically, the IF connection unit 115 can transmit or receive information that serves as an index for determining the scheduling priority of the uplink (UL) among a plurality of UEs 200.

[0056] For example, the information may include an average data rate and / or an achievable data rate. The scheduling method is not particularly limited, but for example, PF (Proportional Fair) scheduling may be applied.

[0057] The CU control unit 121 of the CU 120 can perform various signaling and processing in higher layers with the UE 200, specifically, in the Packet Data Convergence Protocol layer (PDCP) and the Radio Resource Control layer (RRC). The CU control unit 121 can also control the IF connection unit 123.

[0058] The IF connection unit 123 provides functions necessary for connection with the DU 110 via the F1 interface and connection with various nodes constituting the NG-RAN 20 and the core network (5GC). As described above, the IF connection unit 123 may be connected to multiple DUs 110 via the F1 interface, respectively.

[0059] (3.2)UE200 As shown in FIG. 8, the UE 200 includes a radio communication unit 210, a MAC processing unit 220, an RRC processing unit 230, and a control unit 240.

[0060] The wireless communication unit 210 transmits an uplink signal (UL signal) conforming to NR. The wireless communication unit 210 also receives an uplink signal (DL signal) conforming to NR.

[0061] The MAC processing unit 220 performs various processes in the medium access control layer (MAC). Specifically, the MAC processing unit 220 can transmit and receive control elements (MAC-CE) of the medium access control layer. The MAC processing unit 220 may support MAC-CE defined in 3GPP TS38.321 or the like.

[0062] The RRC processing unit 230 executes various processes in the radio resource control layer (RRC). Specifically, the RRC processing unit 230 can transmit and receive messages of the radio resource control layer to and from the gNB 100 (CU 120).

[0063] Note that UE 200 may also perform processing of layers other than MAC and RRC. For example, Layer 1 may be interpreted as including lower layers such as the physical layer. Layer 3 is a layer higher than Layer 1. The higher layers may include at least one of a radio link control layer (RLC), a packet data convergence protocol layer (PDCP), and a radio resource control layer (RRC), and a medium access control layer (MAC) may be positioned between the lower layer and the higher layer.

[0064] The channels include a control channel and a data channel. The control channels may include a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), a RACH (Random Access Channel, which may be Downlink Control Information (DCI) including a Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI)), a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), etc.

[0065] The data channel includes a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), etc. Data may refer to data transmitted via a data channel.

[0066] The control unit 240 controls each functional block constituting the UE 200. In particular, in this embodiment, the control unit 240 can execute control related to Inter-gNB CA and triple connectivity (which may include Multi-RAT Multi-Connectivity).

[0067] Specifically, the control unit 240 can set up radio links (radio bearers) with each of the multiple gNBs 100 via uplink channels and downlink channels, and perform signaling and processing in each layer.

[0068] (4) Operation of the wireless communication system Next, a description will be given of the operation of the wireless communication system 10. Specifically, a description will be given of the operation related to Inter-gNB CA and triple connectivity between the gNB 100 in which a D2 interface (tentative name) between DUs is set and the UE 200.

[0069] (4.1) Premise To achieve higher throughput for UE 200, it is necessary to apply carrier aggregation (CA) or dual connectivity (or triple connectivity) in a high frequency band such as FR2 (24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz) or above 52.6 GHz.

[0070] Existing CA has operational disadvantages, such as the complexity of re-accommodating frequency bands when adding new frequency bands within a gNB (or eNB) and the need to reserve capacity to accommodate the frequency bands.

[0071] On the other hand, Inter-gNB CA simplifies operation and is convenient because adding a new frequency band simply requires adding another new gNB.

[0072] Furthermore, dual connectivity (and triple connectivity) poses a problem of requiring high UL transmission power in UE 200. Specifically, when dual connectivity is applied, UL transmission power is distributed between the MCG leg and the SCG leg, which can result in a situation where UL throughput cannot be increased. In the case of triple connectivity, this can become an even more serious problem because UL transmission power is distributed to three legs.

[0073] In the case of Inter-gNB CA, UL transmission power is not distributed across multiple legs, so this problem can be avoided.

[0074] (4.2) Splitting of user plane data in Inter-gNB CA Next, an example of splitting user plane data in Inter-gNB CA will be described. Figure 9 shows an example (case 1) of splitting user plane data in Inter-gNB CA. In Figure 9, each shaded square represents a packet, and the number inside the square indicates the packet number (sequence) (same below).

[0075] In Fig. 9, CU1 is connected to M-DU, and CU2 is connected to S-DU. User plane (U-plane) data (packets 1 to 3) may be split from CU1 via the Xn-U interface. In the example of Fig. 9, packets 1 and 3 are transmitted via M-DU, and packet 2 is transmitted via S-DU.

[0076] Figure 10 shows an example (case 2) of splitting user plane data in Inter-gNB CA. In Figure 10, one CU is connected to M-DU and S-DU. U-plane data (packets 1 to 3) may be duplicated in the CU and divided and transmitted via the PHYs of M-DU and S-DU. In the example of Figure 10, packets 1 and 3 are transmitted via M-DU, and packet 2 is transmitted via S-DU.

[0077] Figure 11 shows an example (Case 3) of splitting user plane data in Inter-gNB CA. In Figure 11, one CU is also connected to M-DU and S-DU. U-plane data (packets 1 to 3) may be split from the CU. In the example of Figure 11, packets 1 and 3 are transmitted via M-DU, and packet 2 is transmitted via S-DU.

[0078] Figure 12 shows an example (Case 4) of splitting user plane data in Inter-gNB CA. In Figure 12, one CU is also connected to M-DU and S-DU. U-plane data (packets 1 to 3) is not split in the CU, but is split in the M-DU.

[0079] Specifically, the M-DU transfers packet 2 to the S-DU via the D2 interface. The S-DU then transmits the transferred packet 2 to the UE. In the example of Fig. 12, packets 1 and 3 are transmitted via the M-DU, and packet 2 is transmitted via the S-DU.

[0080] (4.3) Example of operation An example of operation related to Inter-gNB CA will be described below. Specifically, an example of operation related to control information transmitted and received via the D2 interface and determination of scheduling priority of the UE 200 will be described.

[0081] (4.3.1) Example 1 The M-DU and S-DU may send or receive the following information via the D2 interface described above:

[0082] Specifically, a DU that forms a PCell or PSCell (DU that holds PCell or PSCell) may transmit at least one of the following information to a DU that uses a secondary CC (SCC) (which may also be read as forming an SCell) (DU that holds SCC) via the D2 interface (or may transmit in the opposite direction, or via the Xn interface or F1 interface; the same applies below):

[0083] HARQ-ACK / NACK in SCell (e.g. CC#2) CSI report in SCell (e.g. CC#2) ·SR(Scheduling Request), BSR(Buffer Status Report) ·PHR (Power Headroom Report) MAC CE, BFR (Beam Failure Reprot) MAC CE, LBT (Listen-Before-Talk) failure MAC CE, Multiple Entry Configured Grant Confirmation MAC CE, Guard Symbols MAC CE ·RLC AM ACK / NACK, RLC segment size control info Furthermore, a DU that uses an SCC (DU that holds an SCC) may transmit at least one of the following information to a DU that forms a PCell or a PSCell (DU that holds a PCell or a PSCell) via the D2 interface:

[0084] PDCCH-related information for SCell (e.g. CC#2) Carrier indicator BWP indicator ·Frequency domain resource assignment (FDRA) ·time domain resource assignment (TDRA) frequency hopping flag ·MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) New Data Indicator Redundancy version HARQ process number ·TPC (Transmit Power Control) command for scheduled PUSCH ·UL / SUL (Supplementary Uplink) indicator CSI request MAC-CE related information TA (timing advance) DRX command SCell (de)activation ·PDCP duplication (de)activation ·Duplication RLC Activation / Deactivation MAC CE ·SP CSI-RS / CSI-IM Resource Set Activation / Deactivation ·Aperiodic CSI Trigger State Subselection MAC CE ·(Enhanced)TCI States Activation / Deactivation for UE-specific PDSCH MAC CE ·TCI State Indication for UE-specific PDCCH MAC CE ·SP (Semi-Persistent) CSI reporting on PUCCH Activation / Deactivation MAC CE ·SP SRS (Sounding Reference Signal) Activation / Deactivation MAC CE ·(Enhanced) PUCCH spatial relation Activation / Deactivation MAC CE ·SP ZP (Zero Power) CSI-RS Resource Set Activation / Deactivation MAC CE ·Timing Delta MAC CE ·Enhanced SP / AP SRS Spatial Relation Indication MAC CE ·SRS Pathloss Reference RS Update MAC CE ·PUSCH Pathloss Reference RS Update MAC CE ·Serving Cell Set based SRS Spatial Relation Indication MAC CE ·SP Positioning SRS Activation / Deactivation MAC CE ·Guard Symbols MAC CE ·RLC AM ACK / NACK, RLC segement size control info Furthermore, to support Inter-gNB CA, new gNB (gNB-CU, gNB-DU) addition, modification, or release procedures (which may be expressed as any of addition, modification, change, or release) may be defined. Alternatively, existing SN addition, modification, change, or release procedures may be reused to include an indication of whether or not it is Inter-gNB CA.

[0085] This makes it easy to switch to Inter-gNB CA when the desired throughput cannot be secured due to insufficient UL transmission power, causing packets to be backed up, and then switch back to DC when more reliable communication is required.

[0086] In the case of triple connectivity, the MN or SN may decide the SN (S-DU) that will form the PSCell. In this case, the MN may instruct the SN that will form the PSCell at the timing of SN addition / modification, or the SN may request the MN to decide the SN that will form the PSCell at the timing of switching between Inter-gNB CA and DC. Furthermore, switching between Inter-gNB CA and DC may be performed during the SN / gNB modification procedure depending on the radio quality, the load condition of the gNB, or the required reliability.

[0087] Furthermore, messages relating to DU addition, modification, or release procedures (DU addition / DU modification / DU change / DU release) using the D2 interface are defined, and DU addition, etc. may be performed using these messages.

[0088] (4.3.2) Example 2 If Inter-gNB CA is supported, UL resource scheduling is required for UEs performing Inter-gNB CA and other UEs using the same cell.

[0089] In this case, for example, PF (Proportional Fair) may be applied as a scheduling method. Furthermore, information that serves as an index for determining scheduling priority, such as average data rate and achievable data rate, may be reported from the S-DU to the M-DU, or from the M-DU to the S-DU. In other words, information related to the scheduler in the gNB may be shared between the M-DU and the S-DU.

[0090] The M-DU and S-DU may notify and / or negotiate scheduler parameters, such as parameters that determine the fairness of scheduling and scheduling priorities between the M-DU and S-DU.

[0091] Figure 13 shows procedure example 1 for scheduling coordination. In procedure example 1, the M-DU determines the scheduling policy. As shown in Figure 13, the S-DU notifies the M-DU of the UE's average data rate and achievable data rate (either one is acceptable).

[0092] The M-DU may decide the scheduling of the UE and send the scheduling information and / or user data to the S-DU, which may acknowledge the scheduling information and optionally return an acknowledgment (ACK) or a rejection (refuse).

[0093] Figure 14 shows procedure example 2 for scheduling coordination. In procedure example 2, the S-DU determines the scheduling policy. As shown in Figure 14, the M-DU notifies the S-DU of the UE's average data rate and / or achievable data rate.

[0094] The S-DU may determine scheduling for the UE and send data requests and / or scheduling information to the M-DU, and the M-DU may send scheduling information and / or user data to the S-DU.

[0095] Figure 15 shows procedure example 3 for scheduling coordination. In procedure example 3, user data (U-plane data) is buffered in both the M-DU and S-DU, and the M-DU determines the scheduling policy. Compared with procedure example 1, in procedure example 3, the M-DU determines the scheduling for the UE and may send only scheduling information to the S-DU.

[0096] Figure 16 shows procedure example 4 for scheduling coordination. In procedure example 4, user data (U-plane data) is buffered in both M-DU and S-DU, and the S-DU decides the scheduling policy. Compared with procedure example 2, in procedure example 4, the S-DU decides the scheduling for the UE and may send only the scheduling information to the M-DU.

[0097] (5) Actions and Effects According to the above-described embodiment, the following advantageous effects can be obtained: Specifically, in this embodiment, the DU is directly connected via the D2 interface, enabling fast and efficient processing via the D2 interface.

[0098] More specifically, the introduction of the D2 interface will enable support for Inter-gNB CA or triple connectivity (which may include Multi-RAT Multi-Connectivity) and enable efficient exchange of various control information via the D2 interface, which is expected to facilitate the smooth introduction of Inter-gNB CA and triple connectivity.

[0099] In this embodiment, information indicating the state of the radio link with UE 200 in SCell (which may include PSCell; the same applies hereinafter), information regarding the downlink control channel with UE 200 in SCell, control elements of the medium access control layer (MAC-CE), and radio link control layer (RLC) can be exchanged via the D2 interface. This enables quick and efficient processing of Inter-gNB CA or Multi-RAT Multi-Connectivity.

[0100] (6) Other embodiments Although the embodiments have been described above, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the description of the embodiments and that various modifications and improvements are possible.

[0101] For example, in the above-described embodiment, the name D2 interface is used, but this name is a provisional name and it may be called by a different name.

[0102] In addition, the gNB-DU may be called an extension device, remote device, etc. instead of a distribution device, and the gNB-CU may be called an aggregation device, main device, etc. instead of a central device.

[0103] Also, in the above description, "configure," "activate," "update," "indicate," "enable," "specify," and "select" may be interchangeable. Similarly, "link," "associate," "correspond," and "map" may be interchangeable, and "allocate," "assign," "monitor," and "map" may also be interchangeable.

[0104] Furthermore, specific, dedicated, UE-specific, and UE-dedicated may be interchangeable. Similarly, common, shared, group-common, UE-common, and UE-shared may be interchangeable.

[0105] Furthermore, the block diagrams (FIGS. 7 and 8) used in the description of the above-described embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are connected directly or indirectly (for example, by wire, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may also be realized by combining the single device or multiple devices with software.

[0106] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. As mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on how each is implemented.

[0107] Furthermore, the above-described gNB100 and UE200 (the device) may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 17 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the device. As shown in Figure 17, the device may be configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0108] In the following description, the term "apparatus" can be interpreted as a circuit, a device, a unit, etc. The hardware configuration of the apparatus may be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the apparatuses.

[0109] Each functional block of the device (see Figure 7.8) is realized by any hardware element of the computer device or a combination of the hardware elements.

[0110] In addition, each function of the device is realized by loading specified software (programs) onto hardware such as processor 1001 and memory 1002, causing processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0111] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by running, for example, an operating system, and may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control unit, an arithmetic unit, a register, and the like.

[0112] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-mentioned embodiments. Furthermore, the various processes described above may be executed by one processor 1001, or may be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The programs may be transmitted from a network via a telecommunications line.

[0113] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by, for example, at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), etc. The memory 1002 may also be called a register, a cache, a main memory (primary storage device), etc. The memory 1002 can store a program (program code), a software module, etc., that can execute a method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0114] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be, for example, at least one of an optical disk such as a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray disc), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy disk, a magnetic strip, etc. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The above-mentioned recording medium may be, for example, a database, a server, or other appropriate medium including at least one of memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0115] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also called, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module.

[0116] The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize, for example, at least one of Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD).

[0117] The input device 1005 is an input device (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (for example, a touch panel).

[0118] Furthermore, each device such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002 is connected to a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0119] Furthermore, the device may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized by the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0120] Furthermore, the notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB))), other signals, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like.

[0121] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to at least one of a system using Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, a 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), a 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), Future Radio Access (FRA), New Radio (NR), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable system, and a next-generation system extended based on these. Furthermore, a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A and 5G) may also be applied.

[0122] The order of the procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless it is consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0123] In the present disclosure, a specific operation described as being performed by a base station may also be performed by its upper node in some cases. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by at least one of the base station and another network node other than the base station (for example, an MME or an S-GW, etc., but are not limited to these). Although the above example illustrates a case where there is one other network node other than the base station, a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW) may also be used.

[0124] Information, signals (information, etc.) may be output from a higher layer (or a lower layer) to a lower layer (or a higher layer), or may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0125] The input and output information may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. The input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or added to. The output information may be deleted. The input information may be sent to another device.

[0126] The determination may be made based on a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), a Boolean value (true or false), or a numerical comparison (e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0127] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, notification of predetermined information (e.g., notification that "X is true") is not limited to being done explicitly, but may be done implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the predetermined information).

[0128] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0129] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0130] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0131] Note that terms explained in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Furthermore, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, etc.

[0132] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" are used interchangeably.

[0133] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by an index.

[0134] The names used for the above-described parameters are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0135] In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0136] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells (also called sectors). When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head: RRH)).

[0137] The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication services within that coverage area.

[0138] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0139] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0140] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile object, or the mobile object itself. The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0141] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a mobile station (user terminal, the same applies hereinafter). For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a mobile station is replaced with communication between multiple mobile stations (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the mobile station may be configured to have the functions of a base station. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to communication between terminals (for example, "side"). For example, terms such as uplink channel and downlink channel may be read as side channel.

[0142] Similarly, a mobile station in the present disclosure may be interpreted as a base station, in which case the base station may have the functions of a mobile station. A radio frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0143] Numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a signal or channel, such as subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering operations performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing operations performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0144] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol, etc.) A slot may be a numerology-based time unit.

[0145] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0146] The radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals, and may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol.

[0147] For example, one subframe may be called a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0148] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0149] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0150] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0151] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0152] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and equal to or greater than 1 ms.

[0153] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may also be determined based on numerology.

[0154] The time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols and may be one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI in length. Each TTI, subframe, etc. may be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0155] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, or the like.

[0156] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0157] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a fractional bandwidth) may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a given BWP and numbered within that BWP.

[0158] The BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0159] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0160] The above-described structures of the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, and other configurations can be changed in various ways.

[0161] The terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access." As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, and / or printed electrical connections, as well as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, and optical (both visible and invisible) range, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0162] The reference signal may also be abbreviated as Reference Signal (RS), and may also be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0163] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0164] The "means" in the configuration of each of the above devices may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0165] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed therein or that the first element must precede the second element in some way.

[0166] When used in this disclosure, the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when used in this disclosure, the term "or" is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0167] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0168] As used in this disclosure, the terms "determining" and "determining" may encompass a wide variety of actions. "Determining" and "determining" may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiring (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, and the like. "Determining" and "determining" may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), and the like. Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. as having been "judged" or "decided." In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding some action as having been "judged" or "decided." Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be interpreted as "assuming," "expecting," "considering," etc.

[0169] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0170] Fig. 18 shows an example of the configuration of a vehicle 2001. As shown in Fig. 18, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013.

[0171] The drive unit 2002 is composed of, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor.

[0172] The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle), and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0173] The electronic control unit 2010 is composed of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 2010 from various sensors 2021 to 2027 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0174] The signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2028 include a current signal from a current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by a rotation speed sensor 2022, an air pressure signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by an air pressure sensor 2023, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 2025, an accelerator pedal depression amount signal obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, a brake pedal depression amount signal obtained by a brake pedal sensor 2026, a shift lever operation signal obtained by a shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 2028.

[0175] The information service unit 2012 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a television, and a radio, for providing various types of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 2012 uses information obtained from external devices via the communication module 2013, etc., to provide various types of multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 1.

[0176] The driving assistance system unit 2030 is composed of various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., GNSS, etc.), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps, etc.), gyro systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 2030 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0177] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 1 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 transmits and receives data via the communication port 2033 to and from a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, a microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021 to 2028, which are provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0178] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station, a mobile station, or the like.

[0179] The communication module 2013 transmits, via wireless communication to an external device, a current signal from the current sensor that is input to the electronic control unit 2010. The communication module 2013 also transmits, via wireless communication to an external device, the rotation speed signals of the front and rear wheels acquired by a rotation speed sensor 2022, the air pressure signals of the front and rear wheels acquired by an air pressure sensor 2023, the vehicle speed signal acquired by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, the acceleration signal acquired by an acceleration sensor 2025, the accelerator pedal depression amount signal acquired by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, the brake pedal depression amount signal acquired by a brake pedal sensor 2026, the shift lever operation signal acquired by a shift lever sensor 2027, and the detection signals for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. acquired by an object detection sensor 2028, all of which are input to the electronic control unit 2010.

[0180] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on an information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle. The communication module 2013 also stores the various information received from the external devices in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, sensors 2021 to 2028, and the like provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0181] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is intended to be illustrative and does not have any limiting meaning on the present disclosure. [Explanation of symbols]

[0182] 10. Wireless communication systems 20 NG-RAN 100 gNB 110 DU 111 Radio Communication Department 113 DU control section 115 IF connection part 120 CU 121 CU control unit 123 IF connection part 200 UE 210 Radio Communication Department 220 MAC processing unit 230 RRC processing unit 240 Control Unit 1001 processor 1002 memory 1003 Storage 1004 Communication equipment 1005 Input Device 1006 Output Device 1007 Bus 2001 Vehicle 2002 Drive unit 2003 Steering section 2004 accelerator pedal 2005 brake pedal 2006 Shift Lever 2007 Left and right front wheels 2008 Left and right rear wheels 2009 Axle 2010 Electronic Control Unit 2012 Information Services Department 2013 Communication Module 2021 Current Sensor 2022 RPM Sensor 2023 Air Pressure Sensor 2024 Vehicle speed sensor 2025 Acceleration Sensor 2026 Brake pedal sensor 2027 Shift lever sensor 2028 Object Detection Sensor 2029 Accelerator pedal sensor 2030 Driving Assistance Systems Department 2031 microprocessor 2032 memory (ROM, RAM) 2033 communication port

Claims

1. a first device including a wireless communication unit for communicating with a terminal; a second device connected to the first device; It is composed of The first device is directly connected to another first device using a specific interface; The first device is a control unit that controls wireless communication with the terminal; a transceiver unit for transmitting or receiving scheduling information used for scheduling the terminal via the specific interface; A radio base station comprising:

2. The radio base station according to claim 1 , wherein the transceiver unit transmits or receives information indicating a state of a radio channel with the terminal in a secondary cell via the specific interface.

3. The radio base station according to claim 1 , wherein the transceiver unit transmits or receives at least one of a control element of a medium access control layer and information related to a radio link control layer via the specific interface.

4. A wireless communication system including a terminal and a wireless base station, The radio base station a first device including a wireless communication unit for communicating with the terminal; a second device connected to the first device; It is composed of The first device is directly connected to another first device using a specific interface; The first device is a control unit that controls wireless communication with the terminal; a transceiver unit for transmitting or receiving scheduling information used for scheduling the terminal via the specific interface; A wireless communication system comprising:

5. A wireless communication method using a wireless base station including a first device having a wireless communication unit for communicating with a terminal and a second device connected to the first device, The first device is directly connected to another first device using a specific interface; the first device controlling wireless communication with the terminal; the first device transmitting or receiving scheduling information used for scheduling the terminal via the specific interface; A wireless communication method comprising:

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