4' - halogen containing nucleotide and nucleoside therapeutic compositions and uses related thereto

Abstract

To provide pharmaceutical compositions and methods for the treatment of viral infections.SOLUTION: Halogen-containing nucleotide and nucleoside therapeutic compositions and uses related thereto are disclosed. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to the treatment or prevention of viral infections. Such viral infections may include togaviridae, bunyaviridae, arenaviridae, coronaviridae, flaviviridae, picornaviridae, eastern equine encephalitis, western equine encephalitis, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis (EEE, WEE, and VEE, respectively), chikungunya (CHIK), Ebola, flu, RSV, and Zika virus infections.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001] [Technical field] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 912,165, filed October 8, 2019, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0002] Acknowledgments for government support This invention was made with government support under contracts HDTRA1-13-C-0072 and HDTRA1-15-C-0075 awarded by the Department of Defense (DTRA) and grant number HHSN272201500008C awarded by the National Institutes of Health. The government has certain rights in this invention.

[0003] The present disclosure relates to halogen-containing nucleotide and nucleoside therapeutic compositions and related uses. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to the treatment or prevention of viral infections, such as Togaviridae, Bunyaviridae, Arenaviridae, Coronaviridae, Flaviviridae, Picornaviridae, Eastern Equine Encephalitis, Western Equine Encephalitis, and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (EEE, WEE, and VEE, respectively), Chikungunya (CHIK), Ebola, influenza, RSV, and Zika virus infections. [Background technology] The causative agents for Eastern equine encephalitis, Western equine encephalitis, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis (EEE, WEE, and VEE, respectively) and chikungunya fever (CHIK) are vector-borne viruses (family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus) that can be transmitted to humans via mosquito bites. Equine encephalitis virus is a CDC category B pathogen, and CHIK virus is a category C pathogen. There is significant concern regarding the use of virulent strains of VEE virus delivered via aerosol as a biological weapon against soldiers. Animal studies have demonstrated that VEE virus infection via aerosol exposure leads to rapid brain mass infection and high mortality and morbidity. See Roy et al., Pathogenesis of aerosolized Eastern equine encephalitis virus infection in guinea pigs. Virol J, 2009, 6:170.

[0004] Coronaviruses are enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses that cause a significant number of respiratory illnesses in humans. The two previous coronaviruses to emerge and cause human disease were SARS and MERS. SARS has been associated with over 8,000 human cases and 774 deaths. Since 2012, MERS has been associated with over 2,500 human cases and 919 deaths. In 2019, 2019-nCoV, a novel coronavirus now known as SARS-CoV-2, was discovered in humans in Wuhan, China. Reports in early February 2020 indicated that the novel coronavirus has infected over 28,000 people, with over 560 documented deaths. Additionally, human-to-human transmission of 2019-nCoV has been documented. Analysis of the single completed whole-genome sequence revealed that 2019-nCoV belongs to the betacoronavirus family but is divergent from SARS and MERS. 2019-nCoV is a highly pathogenic human pathogen about which relatively little is known. SARS-CoV-2 / 2019-nCoV causes the disease known as COVID-19. COVID-19 can include severe respiratory illness in humans and may also cause neurological disorders, including dizziness, impaired consciousness, acute cerebrovascular disease, epilepsy, hyposmia, hypovisual impairment, and neuralgia. It appears that SARS-CoV-2 entry into the CNS may be facilitated through viral interaction with the ACE2 receptor in the systemic circulation or after viral spread across the cribriform plate. Further research is needed to further characterize the virus and identify ways to prevent and treat the disease.

[0005] There is a need for novel compounds and treatments for viral infections. The compounds and methods disclosed herein address these needs.

[0006] Any reference cited herein is not admitted as prior art. [Summary of the Invention] The present disclosure relates to nucleotide and nucleoside therapeutic compositions containing halogens, e.g., 4'-halogens, and related uses. Included are nucleosides, prodrugs, or conjugated compounds or salts thereof, including an amino acid ester, lipid, or sphingolipid, or derivative linked to a nucleotide or nucleoside by a phosphorus oxide, optionally conjugated with a phosphorus oxide or salt thereof. In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides compounds having the formula A:

[0007] [ka]

[0008] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, derivative, or prodrug thereof, as defined herein.

[0009] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure contemplates derivatives of the compounds disclosed herein, such as compounds containing one or more of the same or different substituents.

[0010] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure contemplates a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound disclosed herein, hi certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a tablet, capsule, pill, or aqueous buffer, such as saline or phosphate buffer.

[0011] In certain embodiments, the disclosed pharmaceutical compositions can include the compounds disclosed herein and a propellant. In certain embodiments, the propellant is a vaporized propellant such as compressed air, ethanol, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, hydrofluoroalkane (HFA), 1,1,1,2,-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, or a combination thereof.

[0012] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure contemplates a pressurized or non-pressurized container containing a compound or pharmaceutical composition as described herein. In certain embodiments, the container is a manual pump spray, an inhaler, a metered dose inhaler, a dry powder inhaler, a nebulizer, a vibrating mesh nebulizer, a jet spray, a nebulizer, a spray bottle ... A nebulizer or an ultrasonic nebulizer.

[0013] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a method of increasing bioavailability for treating or preventing a viral infection, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound or pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein.

[0014] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a method of treating or preventing a viral infection, comprising administering an effective amount of a compound or pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein to a subject in need thereof, hi certain embodiments, the viral infection is Togaviridae, Bunyaviridae, Arenaviridae, Coronaviridae, Flaviviridae, Picornaviridae, Zika virus infection, Eastern Equine Encephalitis, Western Equine Encephalitis, and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (EEE, WEE, and VEE, respectively), Chikungunya (CHIK), Ebola, influenza, and RSV.

[0015] In certain embodiments, the compound or pharmaceutical composition is administered orally, intravenously, or through the lung, ie, intrapulmonary administration.

[0016] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to the use of compounds as described herein in the production of a medicament for treating or preventing a viral infection, such as Eastern Equine Encephalitis, Western Equine Encephalitis, and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (EEE, WEE, and VEE, respectively), Chikungunya (CHIK), Ebola, influenza, RSV, or Zika virus infection.

[0017] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to methods of making the compounds disclosed herein by combining the starting materials and reagents disclosed herein under conditions such that the compound is formed.

[0018] Additional advantages will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments described hereinafter. The advantages described below will be realized and attained by means of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. It is to be understood that both the foregoing summary and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] 1 shows the stability of EIDD-02749 in methanol. [Figure 2] 1 shows the stability of EIDD-02749 in water. [Figure 3] 1 shows the stability of EIDD-02749 in 0.1 N HCl. [Figure 4] 1 shows the stability of EIDD-02749 in PBS at pH 7.4. [Figure 5] 1 shows the stability of EIDD-02749 in pH 9 buffer. [Figure 6] Triphosphate levels in Huh-7 cells incubated with EIDD-02749 or prodrugs are shown. [Figure 7] Triphosphate concentrations in Vero cells incubated with EIDD-02749 or prodrugs are shown. [Figure 8] 1 shows plasma PK curves from CD-1 mice receiving single doses of 50, 150, and 500 mg / kg PO or 10 mg / kg ip EIDD-02749. [Figure 9] 1 shows the changes in body weight of AG129 mice administered 10, 30, and 100 mg / kg EIDD-02749QD for 10 days. [Figure 10] 1 shows plasma PK curves from CD-1 mice receiving single doses of 1.5, 5, 15, 50, 150, and 500 mg / kg PO or 10 mg / kg ip EIDD-02749. [Figure 11] 1 shows plasma PK curves from ferrets receiving single doses of 15 and 50 mg / kg PO EIDD-02749. [Figure 12] 1 shows plasma PK curves from guinea pigs receiving single doses of EIDD-02749 at 5 and 50 mg / kg PO and 5 mg / kg iv. [Figure 13] Shown are concentrations of EIDD-02749 (ribonucleoside), EIDD-02986 (5'-monophosphate), and EIDD-02991 (5'-triphosphate) in tissues from CD-1 mice that received single oral doses of 5, 50, and 500 mg / kg EIDD-02749. [Figure 14] 1 shows concentrations of EIDD-02749 (ribonucleoside), EIDD-02986 (5'-monophosphate), and EIDD-02991 (5'-triphosphate) in tissues from guinea pigs that received a single oral dose of 50 mg / kg EIDD-02749. [Figure 15] 1 shows survival of AG129 mice infected with Tacaribe virus and treated with EIDD-02749 starting 2 hours before infection. [Figure 16] Virus titers on day 9 in serum (graph A), liver tissue (graph B), spleen tissue (graph C), and brain tissue (graph D) from AG129 mice infected with Tacaribe virus and treated with EIDD-02749 are shown. [Figure 17] 1 shows survival of AG129 mice infected with Tacaribe virus and treated with EIDD-02749 starting at 2 hours, 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, and 7 days post-infection. [Figure 18] Shown are viral titers on day 9 in tissues from AG129 mice infected with Tacaribe virus and treated with EIDD-02749 starting at 2 hours, 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, and 7 days post-infection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] Before describing the present disclosure in more detail, it is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to particular embodiments described, as such may, of course, vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, which will be limited by the appended claims.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of this disclosure, the preferred methods and materials are now described.

[0022] All publications and patents cited herein are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials for which the publications are cited, as if each individual publication or patent was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. The citation of any publication is for its disclosure prior to the filing date and should not be construed as an admission that the present disclosure is not entitled to antedate such publication by virtue of prior disclosure. Further, the dates of publication provided may be different from the actual publication dates, which may need to be independently confirmed.

[0023] As will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading this disclosure, each of the individual embodiments described and illustrated herein has distinct components and features which may be readily separated from or combined with any of the other several embodiments without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Any recited method may be carried out in the order of events recited or in any other order which is logically possible.

[0024] Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to medical, organic, and other uses within the skill of the art unless otherwise indicated. Techniques of chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology, pharmacology, etc. will be used. Such techniques are fully explained in the literature.

[0025] The present disclosure relates to 4'-halogen-containing nucleotide and nucleoside therapeutic compositions and related uses. In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to nucleosides optionally conjugated with a phosphorus oxide or a salt thereof. In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to conjugated compounds or salts thereof comprising an amino acid ester, lipid, or sphingolipid or derivative linked to a nucleotide or nucleoside by a phosphorus oxide. In certain embodiments, the present disclosure contemplates pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds for use in treating infectious diseases, viral infections, and cancer.

[0026] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to phosphorus oxide prodrugs of 4'-halogen-containing nucleosides for the treatment of positive-sense and negative-sense RNA viral infections via targeting virally encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRps). The present disclosure also provides the general use of lipids and sphingolipids to deliver nucleoside analogs for the treatment of infectious diseases and cancer.

[0027] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a conjugate compound or salt thereof comprising a sphingolipid or derivative linked to a nucleotide or nucleoside via a phosphorus oxide. In certain embodiments, the phosphorus oxide is a phosphate, phosphonate, polyphosphate, or polyphosphonate, and the phosphate, phosphonate, or phosphate in the polyphosphate or polyphosphonate is optionally a phosphorothioate or phosphoramidate. In certain embodiments, the lipid or sphingolipid is covalently bound to the phosphorus oxide via an amino group or a hydroxyl group.

[0028] A nucleotide or nucleoside comprises a heterocycle containing two or more nitrogen heteroatoms, and a substituted heterocycle is optionally substituted with one or more of the same or different alkyl, halogen, or cycloalkyl groups.

[0029] In certain embodiments, the sphingolipid is saturated or unsaturated 2-amino alkyl or 2-amino octadecane, optionally substituted with one or more substituents.In certain embodiments, the sphingolipid derivative is saturated or unsaturated 2-amino octadecane-3-ol, optionally substituted with one or more substituents.In certain embodiments, the sphingolipid derivative is saturated or unsaturated 2-amino octadecane-3,5-diol, optionally substituted with one or more substituents.

[0030] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure contemplates a pharmaceutical composition comprising any compound disclosed herein and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a pill, capsule, tablet, or saline buffer containing sugar.In certain embodiments, the composition can contain a second active agent such as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory agent, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, antiviral agent, antibiotic, or anticancer agent.

[0031] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a method of treating or preventing an infection, comprising administering an effective amount of a compound disclosed herein to a subject in need thereof. Typically, the subject has been diagnosed with or is at risk for a viral, bacterial, fungal, protozoan, or parasitic infection.

[0032] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a method of treating a viral infection, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition disclosed herein. In certain embodiments, the subject is a mammal, e.g., a human. The subject has been diagnosed with chronic viral infection. In certain embodiments, the administration is carried out under conditions such that viral infection is no longer detected. In certain embodiments, the subject has been diagnosed with RNA virus, DNA virus, or retrovirus infection. In certain embodiments, the subject has been diagnosed with a virus, i.e., double-stranded DNA virus, sense single-stranded DNA virus, double-stranded RNA virus, sense single-stranded RNA virus, antisense single-stranded RNA virus, sense single-stranded RNA retrovirus, or double-stranded DNA retrovirus.

[0033] In certain embodiments, the subject is infected with influenza A virus, including subtypes H1N1, H3N2, H7N9, or H5N1, influenza B virus, influenza C virus, rotavirus A, rotavirus B, rotavirus C, rotavirus D, rotavirus E, human coronavirus, SARS coronavirus, MERS coronavirus, human adenovirus (HAdV-1 to 55), human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and 59, parvovirus B19, molluscum contagiosum virus, JC virus (JCV), BK virus, Merkel cell polyomavirus, Coxsackie A virus, Coxsackie B virus, norovirus, rubella virus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Diagnosed with: LCMV, chikungunya, eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV), Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), Ross River virus, Barmah Forest virus, measles virus, mumps virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rinderpest virus, California encephalitis virus, hantavirus, rabies virus, Ebola virus, Marburg virus, herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), lymphotropic herpesvirus, roseolovirus, or Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis D, hepatitis E, or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

[0034] In certain embodiments, the subject is infected with influenza A virus, including subtypes H1N1, H3N2, H7N9, H5N1 (low pathogenicity), and H5N1 (high pathogenicity), influenza B virus, influenza C virus, rotavirus A, rotavirus B, rotavirus C, rotavirus D, rotavirus E, SARS coronavirus, MERS coronavirus, human adenovirus (HAdV-1 to 55), human papillomavirus, Human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and 59, parvovirus B19, molluscum contagiosum virus, JC virus (JCV), BK virus, Merkel cell polyomavirus, coxsackie A virus, coxsackie B virus, norovirus, rubella virus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), measles virus, mumps virus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus types 1 and 3, rinderpest virus, chikungunya, eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (WEEV), western equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), California encephalitis virus, Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), Heartland virus, La Crosse virus, Marpol virus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, Pichinde virus, hantavirus, Tacaribe virus, Junin virus, rabies virus, Ebola virus, Marpol virus, Diagnosed with Rubrugin virus, adenovirus, herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), lymphotropic herpesvirus, roseolovirus, or Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis D, hepatitis E, or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

[0035] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to the use of the compounds disclosed herein in the production or manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of an infectious disease, a viral infection, or cancer. do.

[0036] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to derivatives of the compounds disclosed herein or any of their formulas.

[0037] Embodiments of the present disclosure will employ, unless otherwise indicated, techniques of medicine, organic chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology, pharmacology, and the like, which are within the skill of the art, and such techniques are fully explained in the literature.

[0038] In certain embodiments, the agent may be in the form of a salt or prodrug and is administered in the methods disclosed herein and is specified by weight. This refers to the weight of the listed compound. If in the form of a salt or prodrug, the weight is the molar equivalent of the corresponding salt or prodrug.

[0039] It should be noted that as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this specification and the following claims, reference will be made to a number of terms, which shall be defined to have the following meanings unless a contrary intention is apparent.

[0040] Prior to describing the various embodiments, the following definitions are provided and should be used unless otherwise indicated.

[0041] As used herein, the term "deuterium" or "D" refers to an isotopic abundance of D relative to H (hydrogen) of at least 50%, at least 75%, or at least 90%.

[0042] As used herein, the term "phosphorus oxide" refers to any of a variety of chemical moieties containing a phosphorus-oxygen (PO or P=O) bond. When used herein as a linking group, the linked molecule may be bonded to the oxygen or directly to the phosphorus atom. The term is intended to include, but is not limited to, phosphates, in which the phosphorus is typically bonded to four oxygens, and phosphonates, in which the phosphorus is typically bonded to one carbon and three oxygens. "Polyphosphate" generally refers to phosphates linked to each other by at least one phosphorus-oxygen-phosphorus (POP) bond. "Polyphosphonate" refers to polyphosphates containing at least one phosphorus-carbon (CPOP) bond. In addition to containing phosphorus-oxygen bonds, phosphorus oxides may also contain phosphorus-thiol (PS or P=S) and / or phosphorus-amine (PN) bonds, referred to as phosphorothioates or phosphoramidates, respectively. In phosphorus oxides, the oxygen atom may form a double or single bond with phosphorus or a combination thereof, and the oxygen may be further bonded to other atoms such as carbon, or may exist as an anion balanced with a cation, e.g., a metal or a quaternary amine.

[0043] "Subject" refers to any animal, preferably a human patient, livestock, or household pet.

[0044] As used herein, the terms "prevent" and "preventing" include prevention of recurrence, spread, or onset. It is not intended that the present disclosure be limited to complete prevention. In some embodiments, onset is delayed or the severity of the disease is reduced.

[0045] As used herein, the terms "treat" and "treating" are not limited to cases where a subject (e.g., a patient) is cured or the disease is eradicated. Rather, the terms "treat" and "treating" are used in conjunction with the present disclosure. Embodiments also contemplate treatment that merely relieves symptoms and / or slows the progression of the disease.

[0046] As used herein, the term "in combination with," when used to describe administration with an additional therapy, means that the agent may be administered before, together with, or after the additional therapy, or a combination thereof.

[0047] As used herein, "alkyl" means a straight- or branched-chain saturated hydrocarbon moiety, such as one containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms. "Higher alkyl" refers to a saturated hydrocarbon having 11 or more carbon atoms. "C6-C 16 " refers to an alkyl containing 6 to 16 carbon atoms. Similarly, "C6-C 22 " refers to an alkyl containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms. Representative saturated straight chain alkyls include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, and the like, while saturated branched alkyls include isopropyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, isopentyl, and the like.

[0048] As used herein, the term "alkenyl" refers to an unsaturated, straight-chain, or branched hydrocarbon moiety containing a double bond. Unless otherwise specified, C-C 24 (For example, C2~C 22 , C2~C 20 , C2~C 18 , C2~C 16 , C2~C 14 , C2~C 12 , C2~C 10, C2-C8, C2-C6, or C2-C4) alkenyl groups are contemplated. Alkenyl groups can contain more than one unsaturated bond.Examples include ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-methylethenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-methyl-1-propenyl, 2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-methyl-2-propenyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 1-methyl-1-butenyl, 2-methyl-1-butenyl, 3-methyl-1-butenyl, 1-methyl-2-butenyl, 2-methyl-2-butenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1-methyl-3-butenyl, 2-methyl-3-butenyl , 3-methyl-3-butenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-1-propenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-1-propenyl, 1-ethyl-2-propenyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl, 5-hexenyl, 1-methyl-1-pentenyl, 2-methyl-1-pentenyl, 3-methyl-1-pentenyl, 4-methyl-1-pentenyl, 1-methyl-2-pentenyl, 2-methyl-2-pentenyl, 3-methyl-2-pentenyl, 4-methyl-2-pentenyl, 1-methyl 1-methyl-3-pentenyl, 2-methyl-3-pentenyl, 3-methyl-3-pentenyl, 4-methyl-3-pentenyl, 1-methyl-4-pentenyl, 2-methyl-4-pentenyl, 3-methyl-4-pentenyl, 4-methyl-4-pentenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2,2-dimethyl-3-butenyl 1,1,2-trimethyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-ethyl-2-methyl-1-propenyl, and 1-ethyl-2-methyl-2-propenyl.The term "vinyl" refers to a group having the structure -CH=CH2, 1-propenyl refers to a group having the structure -CH=CH-CH3, and 2-propenyl refers to a group having the structure -CH2-CH=CH2. (Z. 1 Z 2 )C=C(Z 3 Z 4 ) are intended to include both E and Z isomers. This is because, when an asymmetric alkene is present, it is assumed in the structural formulas herein. or may be explicitly indicated by the bond symbol C=C.

[0049] As used herein, the term "alkynyl" refers to a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon moiety containing a triple bond. Unless otherwise specified, C2-C 24 (For example, C2~C 24 , C2~C 20 , C2~C 18 , C2~C 16 , C2~C 14 , C2~C 12 , C2~C 10, C2-C8, C2-C6, or C2-C4) alkynyl groups are contemplated. The alkynyl group may contain more than one unsaturated bond. Examples include ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl (or propargyl), 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-methyl-2-propynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 4-pentynyl, 3-methyl-1-butynyl, 1-methyl-2-butynyl, 1-methyl-3-butynyl, 2-methyl-3-butynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl, 1-ethyl-2-propynyl, 1-hexynyl, 2-hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, 4-hexynyl, 5-hexynyl, 3-methyl-1-pentynyl, 4-methyl-1-pentynyl, 1- C2-C6 alkynyls such as methyl-2-pentynyl, 4-methyl-2-pentynyl, 1-methyl-3-pentynyl, 2-methyl-3-pentynyl, 1-methyl-4-pentynyl, 2-methyl-4-pentynyl, 3-methyl-4-pentynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-3-butynyl, 1,2-dimethyl-3-butynyl, 2,2-dimethyl-3-butynyl, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butynyl, 1-ethyl-2-butynyl, 1-ethyl-3-butynyl, 2-ethyl-3-butynyl, and 1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-propynyl.

[0050] Non-aromatic monocyclic or polycyclic alkyls are referred to herein as "carbocycle" or "carbocyclyl" groups. Representative saturated carbocycles include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and the like; unsaturated carbocycles include cyclopentenyl and cyclohexenyl, and the like.

[0051] A "heterocarbocycle" or "heterocarbocyclyl" group is a carbon ring containing from 1 to 4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, which may be saturated or unsaturated (but not aromatic), monocyclic or polycyclic, and in which the nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms may optionally be oxidized and the nitrogen heteroatom may optionally be quaternized. Heterocarbocycles include morpholinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, hydantoinyl, valerolactamyl, oxiranyl, oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydropyridinyl, tetrahydroprimidinyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, tetrahydropyrimidinyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, and the like.

[0052] The term "aryl" refers to an aromatic homocyclic (i.e., hydrocarbon) monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic ring-containing group, preferably having 6 to 12 members, such as phenyl, naphthyl, and biphenyl. Phenyl is a preferred aryl group. The term "substituted aryl" refers to an aryl group substituted with one or more groups, preferably selected from alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl (optionally substituted), aryl (optionally substituted), heterocyclo (optionally substituted), halo, hydroxy, alkoxy (optionally substituted), aryloxy (optionally substituted), alkanoyl (optionally substituted), aroyl, (optionally substituted), alkyl ester (optionally substituted), aryl ester (optionally substituted), cyano, nitro, amino, substituted amino, amide, lactam, urea, urethane, sulfonyl, and the like, optionally where one or more pairs of substituents, together with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 3- to 7-membered ring.

[0053] As used herein, "heteroaryl" or "heteroaromatic" refers to a heterocyclic group having a nitrogen, acid, or "Heteroaryl" refers to an aromatic heterocarbocycle containing one to four heteroatoms selected from nitrogen and sulfur and containing at least one carbon atom, including both monocyclic and polycyclic ring systems. Polycyclic ring systems can, but need not, contain one or more non-aromatic rings, so long as one of the rings is aromatic. Representative heteroaryls are furyl, benzofuranyl, thiophenyl, benzothiophenyl, pyrrolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, azaindolyl, pyridyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, benzoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, benzimidazolyl, thiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, and quinazolinyl. The use of the term "heteroaryl" is intended to include N-alkylated derivatives such as 1-methylimidazol-5-yl substituents.

[0054] As used herein, "heterocycle" or "heterocyclyl" refers to monocyclic and polycyclic ring systems having 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur and containing at least one carbon atom. The monocyclic and polycyclic ring systems can be aromatic, non-aromatic, or mixtures of aromatic and non-aromatic rings. Heterocycles include heterocarbocycles, heteroaryls, and the like.

[0055] "Alkylthio" refers to an alkyl group as defined above with the indicated number of carbon atoms attached through a sulfur bridge. An example of an alkylthio is methylthio (i.e., -S-CH).

[0056] "Alkoxy" refers to an alkyl group as defined above with the indicated number of carbon atoms attached through an oxygen bridge. Examples of alkoxy include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, n-pentoxy, and s-pentoxy. Preferred alkoxy groups are methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, s-butoxy, and t-butoxy.

[0057] "Alkylamino" refers to an alkyl group as defined above with the indicated number of carbon atoms attached through an amino bridge. An example of an alkylamino is methylamino (i.e., -NH-CH3).

[0058] "Alkanoyl" refers to an alkyl as defined above with the indicated number of carbon atoms attached through a carbonyl bridge (ie, --(C.dbd.O)alkyl).

[0059] "Alkylsulfonyl" refers to an alkyl as defined above with the indicated number of carbon atoms attached through a sulfonyl bridge, such as mesyl (i.e., -S(=O)2 alkyl), and "arylsulfonyl" refers to an aryl attached through a sulfonyl bridge (i.e., -S(=O)2 aryl).

[0060] "Alkylsulfamoyl" refers to an alkyl as defined above with the indicated number of carbon atoms attached through a sulfamoyl bridge (i.e., -NHS(=O)2 alkyl), and "arylsulfamoyl" refers to an aryl attached through a sulfamoyl bridge (i.e., -NHS(=O)2 aryl).

[0061] "Alkylsulfinyl" refers to an alkyl as defined above with the indicated number of carbon atoms attached through a sulfinyl bridge (ie, --S(.dbd.O)alkyl).

[0062] The terms "cycloalkyl" and "cycloalkenyl" refer to monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic homocyclic groups of 3 to 15 carbon atoms that are fully saturated and partially unsaturated, respectively. The term "cycloalkenyl" includes bicyclic and tricyclic ring systems that are not aromatic as a whole but contain aromatic moieties (e.g., fluorene, tetrahydronaphthalene, dihydroindene, etc.). The rings of polycyclic cycloalkyl groups can be fused, bridged, and / or joined through one or more spiro bonds. The terms "substituted cycloalkyl" and "substituted cycloalkenyl" refer to cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl groups, respectively, substituted with one or more groups preferably selected from aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclo, substituted heterocyclo, carbocyclo, substituted carbocyclo, halo, hydroxy, alkoxy (optionally substituted), aryloxy (optionally substituted), alkyl ester (optionally substituted), aryl ester (optionally substituted), alkanoyl (optionally substituted), ariol (optionally substituted), cyano, nitro, amino, substituted amino, amido, lactam, urea, urethane, sulfonyl, and the like.

[0063] The terms "halogen" and "halo" refer to fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.

[0064] The term "substituted" refers to a molecule in which at least one hydrogen atom has been replaced with a substituent. When substituted, one or more of the groups is a "substituent." A molecule may be multiply substituted. In the case of an oxo substituent ("=O"), two hydrogen atoms are replaced. Exemplary substituents in this context may include halogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy, nitro, cyano, oxo, carbocyclyl, carbocycloalkyl, heterocarbocyclyl, heterocarbocycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, -NRaRb, -NRaC(=O)Rb, -NRaC(=O)NRaNRb, -NRaC(=O)ORb, -NRaSORb, -C(=O)Ra, -C(=O)ORa, -C(=O)NRaRb, -OC(=O)NRaRb, -ORa, -SRa, -SORa, -S(=O)Ra, -OS(=O)Ra, and -S(=O)ORa. Ra and Rb in this context may be the same or different and independently be hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, alkyl, alkoxy, alkyl, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, carbocyclyl, carbocycloalkyl, heterocarbocyclyl, heterocarbocycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl.

[0065] As used herein, the term "optionally substituted" means that substitution with an additional group is optional, and thus the specified atom may not be substituted. Thus, in using the term "optionally substituted," the present disclosure includes examples in which the group is substituted and examples in which it is not substituted.

[0066] Examples of prodrugs that can be used to improve bioavailability include esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamate, optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethan, oxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N- Disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid ester, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemisulfanyl ... Miaminal, optionally susbstituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally susbstituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally Examples include optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB ester.

[0067] As used herein, "salt" refers to a derivative of a disclosed compound in which the parent compound has been modified to form its acid or base salt. Examples of salts include, but are not limited to, mineral or organic acid salts of basic residues such as amines, alkylamines, or dialkylamines, alkali or organic salts of acidic residues such as carboxylic acids, and the like. In typical embodiments, the salts are conventional non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, including quaternary ammonium salts of the parent compound formed, and non-toxic inorganic or organic acids. Preferred salts include those derived from inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfamic acid, phosphoric acid, and nitric acid, and those prepared from organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, succinic acid, glycolic acid, stearic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, pamoic acid, maleic acid, hydroxymaleic acid, phenylacetic acid, glutamic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, sulfanilic acid, 2-acetoxybenzoic acid, fumaric acid, toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanedisulfonic acid, oxalic acid, and isethionic acid.

[0068] The term "prodrug" refers to a drug that is converted into a biologically active form in vivo. Prodrugs are often useful because, in some situations, they may be easier to administer than the parent compound. For example, they may be bioavailable by oral administration even if the parent compound is not. Prodrugs may also have improved solubility in pharmaceutical compositions over the parent drug. Prodrugs may be converted into the parent drug by various mechanisms, including enzymatic processes and metabolic hydrolysis.

[0069] As used herein, the term "derivative" refers to a structurally similar compound that retains sufficient functional attributes of the specified analog. A derivative may be structurally similar because it lacks one or more substituents, one or more atoms replaced with a salt, in a different hydration / oxidation state (e.g., replacing a single or double bond, replacing a hydroxy group, etc.). The derivatives may be derived from a variety of compounds, such as aryl, aryl, arylsulfonic acid ... They are provided in Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure, Wiley, 6th Edition (2007) Michael B. Smith, or Domino Reactions in Organic Synthesis, Wiley (2006) Lutz F. Tietze, which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0070] As used herein, the term "tautomer" refers to each of two or more structural isomers of a compound that exist together in equilibrium and are readily interconverted by rearrangement of π bonds and atoms or groups. A common example is keto-enol tautomers. These are formed when a hydrogen atom on a carbon atom bonded to a carbonyl carbon moves to the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group. When this occurs, a bond from the carbon-oxygen double bond of the carbonyl group moves, forming a double bond between the former carbonyl carbon and the carbon from which the hydrogen atom came. Another common example of a tautomer is amino-imino tautomers. Keto-enol and amino-imino tautomers are common in modified and unmodified nucleobases found in DNA and RNA. The compounds disclosed herein can exist as tautomers, and a specific disclosure of one tautomer is meant to explicitly include other tautomers of the compound.

[0071] compound In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a nucleoside conjugated with a phosphorus moiety or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0072] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to tautomers of natural and unnatural nucleobases of the compounds disclosed herein.

[0073] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula I:

[0074] [ka]

[0075] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein X is CH2, CHMe, CMe2, CHF, CF2, or CD2; U is O, S, NH, NR7, CH2, CHF, CF2, CCH2, or CCF2; Q is a natural or unnatural nucleobase; R 1 H,

[0076] [ka]

[0077] TIFF2026027247000005.tif237159

[0078] TIFF2026027247000006.tif79159

[0079] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, optionally substituted sulfenyls, optionally substituted imidates, optionally substituted hydrazonates, optionally substituted oximyls, optionally substituted imidinyls, optionally substituted imidyls, optionally substituted aminals, optionally substituted hemiaminals, optionally substituted acetals, optionally substituted hemiacetals, optionally substituted carbonimidates, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidates, optionally Substituted carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamidyl, optionally substituted thioacetal, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, ester, branched ester, carbonate, carbamate, thioester, branched thioester, thiocarbonate, sulfenylthiocarbonate, optionally substituted sulfenylthiocarbonate carbonitate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally substituted sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulfonamide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, ximyl, imidinyl, imidinyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 and R 2’can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 4 is hydrogen or deuterium, R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkoxy, R is selected from thio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; 7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 8optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R 9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11 is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0080] In certain embodiments, the lipid is a fatty alcohol, a fatty amine, or a fatty thiol derived from essential and / or non-essential fatty acids.

[0081] In certain embodiments, the lipid is an unsaturated, polyunsaturated, omega-unsaturated, or omega-polyunsaturated fatty alcohol, fatty amine, or fatty thiol derived from essential and / or non-essential fatty acids.

[0082] In certain embodiments, the lipids are fatty alcohols, fatty amines, or fatty thiols derived from essential and non-essential fatty acids with one or more of their carbon units substituted with oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur.

[0083] In certain embodiments, the lipid is an unsaturated, polyunsaturated, omega-unsaturated, or omega-polyunsaturated fatty alcohol, fatty amine, or fatty thiol derived from essential and / or non-essential fatty acids having one or more of their carbon units replaced with oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur.

[0084] In certain embodiments, the lipid is an optionally substituted fatty alcohol, fatty amine, or fatty thiol derived from essential and / or non-essential fatty acids.

[0085] In certain embodiments, the lipid is an optionally substituted unsaturated, polyunsaturated, omega-unsaturated, or omega-polyunsaturated fatty alcohol, fatty amine, or fatty thiol derived from essential and / or non-essential fatty acids.

[0086] In certain embodiments, the lipids are fatty alcohols, fatty amines, or fatty thiols derived from essential and / or non-essential fatty acids having one or more of their carbon units optionally substituted with oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur.

[0087] In certain embodiments, the lipid is an unsaturated, polyunsaturated, omega-unsaturated, or omega-polyunsaturated fatty alcohol, fatty amine, or fatty thiol derived from essential and / or non-essential fatty acids having one or more of their carbon units replaced with optionally substituted oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur.

[0088] In certain embodiments, the lipid is hexadecyloxypropyl.

[0089] In a particular embodiment, the lipid is 2-aminohexadecyloxypropyl.

[0090] In certain embodiments, the lipid is 2-aminoarachidyl.

[0091] In a particular embodiment, the lipid is 2-benzyloxyhexadecyloxypropyl.

[0092] In certain embodiments, the lipids are lauryl, myristyl, palmityl, stearyl, arabinan, It may be kyzyl, behenyl, or lignoceryl.

[0093] In certain embodiments, the lipid is a sphingolipid of the formula:

[0094] [ka]

[0095] During the ceremony, Sphingolipid R 12 is hydrogen, alkyl, C(=O)R 16 , C(=O)OR 16 , or C(=O)NHR16 and Sphingolipid R 13 is hydrogen, fluoro, OR 16 , OC(=O)R 16 , OC(=O)OR 16 , or OC(=O)NHR 16 and Sphingolipid R 14 is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl chain having more than 6 but less than 22 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with one or more halogen or hydroxy or structures of the formula:

[0096] [ka]

[0097] n is 8 to 14 or 8 to 14, o is 9 to 15 or 9 to 15, the sum of m and n is 8 to 14 or 8 to 14, the sum of m and o is 9 to 15 or 9 to 15, or

[0098] [ka]

[0099] And, n is 4 to 10 or 4 or more and 10 or less, o is 5 to 11 or 5 or more and 11 or less, the sum of m and n is 4 to 10 or 4 or more and 10 or less, the sum of m and o is 5 to 11 or 5 or more and 11 or less, or

[0100] [ka]

[0101] n is 6 to 12, or n is 6 or more and 12 or less, and the sum of m and n is 6 to 12, or n is 6 or more and 12 or less, Sphingolipid R 15 is OR 16 , OC(=O)R16 , OC(=O)OR 16 , or OC(=O)NHR 16 and Sphingolipid R 16 is hydrogen, cyano, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, or lipid; R 16 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 17 is replaced by Sphingolipid R 17 is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkyl and n is 1 or 2. The aryl group may be arylamino, (alkyl)amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl.

[0102] In certain embodiments, the R 12 is H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, isopropyl, 2-butyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 1-propylbutyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl, or phenyl.

[0103] In certain embodiments, the sphingolipid is a sphingolipid of the formula:

[0104] [ka]

[0105] During the ceremony, Sphingolipid R 12 is hydrogen, hydroxy, fluoro, OR 16 , OC(=O)R 16 , OC(=O)OR 16 , or OC(=O)NHR 16 and Sphingolipid R 13 is hydrogen, hydroxy, fluoro, OR 16 , OC(=O)R 16 , OC(=O)OR 16 , or OC(=O)NHR 16 and Sphingolipid R 14 is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl chain having more than 6 but less than 22 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with one or more halogens or structures of the formula:

[0106] [ka]

[0107] And, n is 8 to 14 or 8 or more and 14 or less, and the sum of m and n is 8 to 14 or 8 or more and 14 or less, Sphingolipid R 16is hydrogen, cyano, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, or lipid; R 16 teeth, Optionally, one or more of the same or different R 17 is replaced by Sphingolipid R 17 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocycloxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocyclamino, heterocarbocyclylamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocyclylamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, esteryl, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, amido, or acryl.

[0108] In certain embodiments, the R 16is H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, isopropyl, 2-butyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 1-propylbutyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, or benzyl.

[0109] Suitable sphingolipids include, but are not limited to, sphingosine, ceramide, or sphingomyelin, or 2-aminoalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents.

[0110] Other suitable sphingolipids include 2-aminooctadecane-3,5-diol, (2S,3S,5S)-2-aminooctadecane-3,5-diol, (2S,3R,5S)-2-aminooctadecane-3,5-diol, 2-(methylamino)octadecane-3,5-diol, (2S,3R,5S)-2-(methylamino)octadecane-3,5-diol, 2-(dimethylamino)octadecane-3,5-diol, (2R,3S,5S)-2-(dimethylamino)octadecane-3,5-diol, which may optionally be substituted with one or more substituents. ol, 1-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)hexadecane-1,3-diol, (1S,3S)-1-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)hexadecane-1,3-diol, 2-amino-11,11-difluorooctadecane-3,5-diol, (2S,3S,5S)-2-amino-11,11-difluorooctadecane-3,5-diol, 11,11-difluoro-2-(methylamino)octadecane-3,5-diol, (2S,3S,5S)-11,11-difluoro-2-(methylamino)octadecane-3,5-diol, N-((2S,3S ,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyoctadecan-2-yl)acetamide, N-((2S,3S,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyoctadecan-2-yl)palmitamide, 1-(1-aminocyclopropyl)hexadecane-1,3-diol, (1S,3R)-1-(1-aminocyclopropyl)hexadecane-1,3-diol, (1S,3S)-1-(1-aminocyclopropyl)hexadecane-1,3-diol, 2-amino-2-methyloctadecane-3,5-diol, (3S,5S)-2-amino-2-methyloctadecane-3,5-diol (3S,5R)-2-amino-2-methyloctadecane-3,5-diol, (3S,5S)-2-methyl-2-(methylamino)octadecane-3,5-diol, 2-amino-5-hydroxy-2-methyloctadecane-3-one, (Z)-2-amino-5-hydroxy-2-methyloctadecane-3-one oxime, (2S,3R,5R)-2-amino-6,6-difluorooctadecane-3,5-diol, (2S,3S,5R)-2-amino-6,6-difluorooctadecane-3,5-diol, (2S,3S,5S)-2-amino-6,Examples of suitable fluorocarbons include, but are not limited to, 6-difluorooctadecane-3,5-diol, (2S,3R,5S)-2-amino-6,6-difluorooctadecane-3,5-diol, and (2S,3S,5S)-2-amino-18,18,18-trifluorooctadecane-3,5-diol.

[0111] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula I, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0112] [ka]

[0113] is.

[0114] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula I, X is CH2.

[0115] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula I, U is O.

[0116] In exemplary embodiments of Formula I, Q is uracil, cytosine, adenine, and guanine.

[0117] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula I, R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ is hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, fluoro, chloro, cyano, methyl, fluoromethyl, methoxy, vinyl, ethynyl, and chloroethynyl.

[0118] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula I, R 5are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0119] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula I, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0120] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula I, R 7 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0121] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula I, R 8is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl , 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0122] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula I, R 9 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0123] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula II:

[0124] [ka]

[0125] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein X is CH2, CHMe, CMe2, CHF, CF2, or CD2; U is O, S, NH, NR7, CH2, CHF, CF2, CCH2, or CCF2; W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 1 H,

[0126] [ka]

[0127] TIFF2026027247000016.tif235158

[0128] TIFF2026027247000017.tif77158

[0129] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, optionally substituted sulfenyls, optionally substituted imidates, optionally substituted hydrazonates, optionally substituted oximyls, optionally substituted imidinyls, optionally substituted imidyls, optionally substituted aminals, optionally substituted hemiaminals, optionally substituted acetals, optionally substituted hemiacetals, optionally substituted carbonimidates, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidates, optionally Substituted carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamidyl, optionally substituted thioacetal, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, ester, branched ester, carbonate, carbamate, thioester, branched thioester, thiocarbonate, sulfenylthiocarbonate, optionally substituted sulfenylthiocarbonate carbonitate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally substituted sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulfonamide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, ximyl, imidinyl, imidinyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 and R 2’can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 4 is hydrogen or deuterium, R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkoxy, R is selected from thio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; 7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 8optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R 9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11 is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0130] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula II, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0131] [ka]

[0132] is.

[0133] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula II, X is CH2.

[0134] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula II, U is O.

[0135] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula II, W is CR'.

[0136] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula II, Z is CR″.

[0137] In exemplary embodiments of Formula II, R' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0138] In exemplary embodiments of Formula II, R'' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0139] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula II, R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ is hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, fluoro, chloro, cyano, methyl, fluoromethyl, methoxy, vinyl, ethynyl, and chloroethynyl.

[0140] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula II, R 5 are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0141] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula II, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl Examples of suitable alkyl groups include aryl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0142] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula II, R 7 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0143] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula II, R 8are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0144] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula II, R 9 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0145] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula III:

[0146] [ka]

[0147] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein: W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, R' is optionally one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 1 H,

[0148] [ka]

[0149] TIFF2026027247000021.tif235158

[0150] TIFF2026027247000022.tif78158

[0151] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, optionally substituted sulfenyls, optionally substituted imidates, optionally substituted hydrazonates, optionally substituted oximyls, optionally substituted imidinyls, optionally substituted imidyls, optionally substituted aminals, optionally substituted hemiaminals, optionally substituted acetals, optionally substituted hemiacetals, optionally substituted carbonimidates, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidates, optionally Substituted carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, optionally substituted thioacetal, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, ester, branched ester, carbonate, carbamate, thioester, branched thioester, thiocarbonate, sulfenylthiocarbonate, optionally substituted sulfenylthio Carbonidates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino esters, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally substituted sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulfonamide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, is selected from oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 and R 2’can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 4 is hydrogen or deuterium, R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkoxy, R is selected from thio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; 7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 8optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R 9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11 is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0152] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula III, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0153] [ka]

[0154] is.

[0155] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula III, W is CR'.

[0156] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula III, Z is CR″.

[0157] In exemplary embodiments of Formula III, R' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0158] In exemplary embodiments of Formula III, R'' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0159] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula III, R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ is hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, fluoro, chloro, cyano, methyl, fluoromethyl, methoxy, vinyl, ethynyl, and chloroethynyl.

[0160] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula III, R 5are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0161] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula III, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0162] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula III, R 7 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0163] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula III, R 8are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0164] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula III, R 9 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0165] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula IV:

[0166] [ka]

[0167] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein: W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkoxy ... R' is optionally one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 and R 2’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 4 is hydrogen or deuterium, R 10is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0168] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IV, W is CR'.

[0169] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IV, Z is CR″.

[0170] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IV, R' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, phosphino, It's Rumil.

[0171] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IV, R'' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0172] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IV, R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ is hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, fluoro, chloro, cyano, methyl, fluoromethyl, methoxy, vinyl, ethynyl, and chloroethynyl.

[0173] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula V:

[0174] [ka]

[0175] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein: W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 and R 2’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 4 is hydrogen or deuterium, R 10 Deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkane alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22 Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0176] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula V, W is CR'.

[0177] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula V, Z is CR″.

[0178] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula V, R' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0179] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula V, R'' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0180] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula V, R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ is hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, fluoro, chloro, cyano, methyl, fluoromethyl, methoxy, vinyl, ethynyl, and chloroethynyl.

[0181] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula VI:

[0182] [ka]

[0183] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein: W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 and R 2’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 4 is hydrogen or deuterium, R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are each optionally followed by one or more of the same or a different R 10 may be replaced by R 10 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22 Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0184] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, W is CR'.

[0185] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, Z is CR″.

[0186] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, R' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0187] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, R'' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0188] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ is hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, fluoro, chloro, cyano, methyl, fluoromethyl, methoxy, vinyl, ethynyl, and chloroethynyl.

[0189] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are all hydrogen.

[0190] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, R 6 , R 6’ , and R 6’’ is hydrogen and R 6’’’ is methyl.

[0191] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, R 6 , R 6’ , and R 6’’ is hydrogen and R 6 ’’’ is methoxy.

[0192] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, R 6 , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ is hydrogen and R 6’ is methyl.

[0193] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, R 6 , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ is hydrogen and R 6’ is methoxy.

[0194] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, R 6 , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ is hydrogen and R 6’ is fluoro.

[0195] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, R 6 , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ is hydrogen and R 6’ is I tert-butyl.

[0196] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, R 6 , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ is hydrogen and R 6’ is chloro.

[0197] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, R 6 and R 6’’ is hydrogen and R 6’ and R 6’’’ is methyl.

[0198] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ is hydrogen and R 6 is fluoro.

[0199] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VI, R 6’’ is hydrogen and R 6’ and R 6’’’ is tert-butyl, and R 6 is fluoro.

[0200] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula VII:

[0201] [ka]

[0202] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein: X is CH2, CHMe, CMe2, CHF, CF2, or CD2; U is O, S, NH, NR7, CH2, CHF, CF2, CCH2, or CCF2; Q is a natural or unnatural nucleobase; R 1 H,

[0203] [ka]

[0204] TIFF2026027247000029.tif240157

[0205] TIFF2026027247000030.tif79157

[0206] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid ester, optionally substituted sulfenyl, optionally substituted imidate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, optionally substituted oximyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, optionally substituted imidyl, optionally substituted aminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, optionally substituted acetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, optionally substituted carbonimidate, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted thioacetals, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyls, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)esters, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)esters, esters, branched esters, carbonates, carbamates, thioesters, branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, sulfenylthiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonidate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally substituted sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulf, and R is selected from bis(acyloxybenzyl) ester, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R2 and R 2’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkoxy, R is selected from thio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; 7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 8 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10is replaced by R 9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R 9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11 is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0207] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VII, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0208] [ka]

[0209] is.

[0210] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VII, X is CH2.

[0211] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VII, U is O.

[0212] In exemplary embodiments of Formula VII, Q is uracil, cytosine, adenine, and guanine.

[0213] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VII, R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ is hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, fluoro, chloro, cyano, methyl, fluoromethyl, methoxy, vinyl, ethynyl, and chloroethynyl.

[0214] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VII, R 5 are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0215] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VII, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0216] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VII, R 7 is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, iso propoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0217] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VII, R 8 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0218] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VII, R9 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0219] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula VIII:

[0220] [ka]

[0221] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein: X is CH2, CHMe, CMe2, CHF, CF2, or CD2; U is O, S, NH, NR7, CH2, CHF, CF2, CCH2, or CCF2; W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 1 H,

[0222]

change

[0223] TIFF2026027247000034.tif238158

[0224] TIFF2026027247000035.tif81158

[0225] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid ester, optionally substituted sulfenyl, optionally substituted imidate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, optionally substituted oximyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, optionally substituted imidyl, optionally substituted aminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, optionally substituted acetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, optionally substituted carbonimidate, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate date, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, optionally substituted thioacetal, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, ester, branched ester, carbonate, carbamate, thioester, branched thioester, thiocarbonate, sulfenylthiocarbonate , optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonidate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally substituted sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulfonamide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, , imidate, hydrazonate, oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 and R 2’can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 7and R 7’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl , lipid, nitro or carbonyl; R 7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 8 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R 9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11 is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, hetero arylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0226] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VIII, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0227] [ka]

[0228] is.

[0229] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VIII, X is CH2.

[0230] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VIII, U is O.

[0231] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VIII, W is CR'.

[0232] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VIII, Z is CR″.

[0233] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VIII, R' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0234] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VIII, R'' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0235] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VIII, R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ is hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, fluoro, chloro, cyano, methyl, fluoromethyl, methoxy, vinyl, ethynyl, and chloroethynyl.

[0236] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VIII, R 5 are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0237] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VIII, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, lipid, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, t N,N-tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0238] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VIII, R 7 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0239] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VIII, R8 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0240] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula VIII, R 9 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0241] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula IX:

[0242] [ka]

[0243] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein: W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 1 H,

[0244] [ka]

[0245] TIFF2026027247000039.tif237159

[0246] TIFF2026027247000040.tif79159

[0247] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid ester, optionally substituted sulfenyl, optionally substituted imidate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, optionally substituted oximyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, optionally substituted imidyl, optionally substituted aminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, optionally substituted acetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, optionally substituted carbonimidate, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted thioacetals, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyls, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)esters, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)esters, esters, branched esters, carbonates, carbamates, thioesters, branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, sulfenylthiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonidate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally substituted sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulf, and R is selected from bis(acyloxybenzyl) ester, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R2 and R 2’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkoxy, R is selected from thio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; 7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 8 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10is replaced by R 9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R 9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11 is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0248] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IX, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0249] [ka]

[0250] is.

[0251] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IX, W is CR'.

[0252] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IX, Z is CR″.

[0253] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IX, R' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0254] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IX, R'' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0255] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IX, R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ is hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, fluoro, chloro, cyano, methyl, fluoromethyl, methoxy, vinyl, ethynyl, and chloroethynyl.

[0256] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IX, R 5are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0257] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IX, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0258] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IX, R 7 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0259] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IX, R 8are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0260] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula IX, R 9 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0261] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a compound of formula X:

[0262] [ka]

[0263] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein: W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl; R' is optionally one of: More than one of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 and R 2’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0264] In an exemplary embodiment of formula X, W is CR'.

[0265] In an exemplary embodiment of formula X, Z is CR″.

[0266] In an exemplary embodiment of formula X, R' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0267] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula X, R″ is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, Examples of aryl include methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, and formyl.

[0268] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula X, R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ is hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, fluoro, chloro, cyano, methyl, fluoromethyl, methoxy, vinyl, ethynyl, and chloroethynyl.

[0269] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula XI:

[0270] [ka]

[0271] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein: W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 and R 2’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, hetero arylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl, and R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0272] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XI, W is CR'.

[0273] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XI, Z is CR″.

[0274] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XI, R' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0275] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XI, R'' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0276] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XI, R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ is hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, fluoro, chloro, cyano, methyl, fluoromethyl, methoxy, vinyl, ethynyl, and chloroethynyl.

[0277] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula XII:

[0278] [ka]

[0279] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein: W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 and R 2’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 10 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11is replaced by R 11 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22 Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0280] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, W is CR'.

[0281] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, Z is CR″.

[0282] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, R' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0283] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, R'' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0284] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ is hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, fluoro, chloro, cyano, methyl, fluoromethyl, methoxy, vinyl, ethynyl, and chloroethynyl.

[0285] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are all hydrogen.

[0286] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, R 6 , R 6’ , and R 6’’ is hydrogen and R 6’’’ is methyl.

[0287] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, R 6 , R 6’ , and R 6’’ is hydrogen and R 6’’’ is methoxy.

[0288] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, R 6 , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ is hydrogen and R 6’ is methyl.

[0289] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, R 6 , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ is hydrogen and R 6’ is methoxy.

[0290] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, R 6 , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ is hydrogen and R 6’ is fluoro.

[0291] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, R6 , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ is hydrogen and R 6’ is I tert-butyl.

[0292] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, R 6 , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ is hydrogen and R 6’ is chloro.

[0293] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, R 6 and R 6’’ is hydrogen and R 6’ and R 6’’’ is methyl.

[0294] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ is hydrogen and R 6 is fluoro.

[0295] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XII, R 6’’ is hydrogen and R 6’ and R 6’’’ is tert-butyl, and R 6 is fluoro.

[0296] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula XIII:

[0297] [ka]

[0298] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein: X is CH2, CHMe, CMe2, CHF, CF2, or CD2; U is S, NH, NR7, CH2, CHF, CF2, CCH2, or CCF2; W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl; R' is optionally one of: More than one of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 1 H,

[0299] [ka]

[0300] TIFF2026027247000047.tif250170

[0301] TIFF2026027247000048.tif85170

[0302] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, optionally substituted sulfenyls, optionally substituted imidates, optionally substituted hydrazonates, optionally substituted oximyls, optionally substituted imidinyls, optionally substituted imidyls, optionally substituted aminals, optionally substituted hemiaminals, optionally substituted acetals, optionally substituted hemiacetals, optionally substituted carbonimidates, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidates, optionally substituted carbonimidyls, optionally substituted carbamimidates, optionally substituted carbamidyls, optionally substituted thioacetals, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyls, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)esters, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)esters, esters, branched esters, carbonates, carbamates, thioesters, branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, carbonate, sulfenyl thiocarbonate, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonidate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally and R is selected from sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulfonamide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R10 is replaced by R 2 and R 2’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbo R is selected from cyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; 7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R8 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R 9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11 is a cyclic alkyl group selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0303] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIII, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0304] [ka]

[0305] is.

[0306] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIII, X is CH2.

[0307] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIII, W is CR'.

[0308] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIII, Z is CR″.

[0309] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIII, R' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0310] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIII, R'' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0311] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIII, R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ is hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, fluoro, chloro, cyano, methyl, fluoromethyl, methoxy, vinyl, ethynyl, and chloroethynyl.

[0312] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIII, R 5are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0313] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIII, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl Examples of amino groups include butyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0314] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIII, R 7 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0315] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIII, R 8are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0316] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIII, R 9 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0317] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula XIV:

[0318] [ka]

[0319] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein: X is CHMe, CMe2, CHF, CF2, or CD2; W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 1 H,

[0320] [ka]

[0321] TIFF2026027247000052.tif248170

[0322] TIFF2026027247000053.tif87170

[0323] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, optionally substituted sulfenyls, optionally substituted imidates, optionally substituted hydrazonates, optionally substituted oximyls, optionally substituted imidinyls, optionally substituted imidyls, optionally substituted aminals, optionally substituted hemiaminals, optionally substituted acetals, optionally substituted hemiacetals, optionally substituted carbonimidates, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidates, optionally substituted carbonimidyls, optionally substituted carbamimidates, optionally substituted carbamimidyls, optionally substituted thioacetals, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyls, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)esters, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)esters, esters, branched esters, carbonates, carbamates, thioesters, branched thioesters, thiocates, carbonate, sulfenyl thiocarbonate, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonidate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally and R is selected from optionally substituted sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulfonamide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 and R 2’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbo R is selected from cyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; 7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 8 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11is a cyclic alkyl group selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22 Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0324] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIV, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0325] [ka]

[0326] is.

[0327] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIV, W is CR'.

[0328] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIV, Z is CR″.

[0329] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIV, R' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0330] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIV, R'' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0331] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIV, R 2 , R 2’ , R 3 , R 3’ is hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, fluoro, chloro, cyano, methyl, fluoromethyl, methoxy, vinyl, ethynyl, and chloroethynyl.

[0332] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIV, R 5 are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0333] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIV, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, lipid, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butyl N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0334] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIV, R 7 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0335] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIV, R 8 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0336] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIV, R 9 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0337] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula XV:

[0338] [ka]

[0339] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 1 H,

[0340] [ka]

[0341] TIFF2026027247000057.tif246169

[0342] TIFF2026027247000058.tif87169

[0343] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, optionally substituted sulfenyls, optionally substituted imidates, optionally substituted hydrazonates, optionally substituted oximyls, optionally substituted imidinyls, optionally substituted imidyls, optionally substituted aminals, optionally substituted hemiaminals, optionally substituted acetals, optionally substituted hemiacetals, optionally substituted carbonimidates, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidates, optionally substituted carbonimidyls, optionally substituted carbamimidates, optionally substituted carbamidyls, optionally substituted thioacetals, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyls, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)esters, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)esters, esters, branched esters, carbonates, carbamates, thioesters, branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, carbonate, sulfenyl thiocarbonate, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonidate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally and R is selected from sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulfonamide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2’is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3’ is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 and R 2’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 5is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, hetero R is selected from alkyl, arylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 8 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 9is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R 9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbazole, carbazole-based ... R is cyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0344] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XV, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0345] [ka]

[0346] is.

[0347] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XV, W is CR'.

[0348] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XV, Z is CR″.

[0349] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XV, R' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0350] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XV, R'' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0351] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XV, R 5 are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0352] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XV, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0353] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XV, R 7 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0354] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XV, R 8 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0355] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XV, R 9are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0356] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula XVI:

[0357] [ka]

[0358] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 1 H,

[0359] [ka]

[0360] TIFF2026027247000062.tif248169

[0361] TIFF2026027247000063.tif87169

[0362] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, optionally substituted sulfenyls, optionally substituted imidates, optionally substituted hydrazonates, optionally substituted oximyls, optionally substituted imidinyls, optionally substituted imidyls, optionally substituted aminals, optionally substituted hemiaminals, optionally substituted acetals, optionally substituted hemiacetals, optionally substituted carbonimidates, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidates, optionally substituted carbonimidyls, optionally substituted carbamimidates, optionally substituted carbamidyls, optionally substituted thioacetals, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyls, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)esters, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)esters, esters, branched esters, carbonates, carbamates, thioesters, branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, carbonate, sulfenyl thiocarbonate, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonidate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally and R is selected from sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulfonamide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3’is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6, R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocyclooxy, R is selected from cycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; 7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 8 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22 Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0363] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVI, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0364] [ka]

[0365] is.

[0366] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVI, W is CR'.

[0367] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVI, Z is CR″.

[0368] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVI, R' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0369] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVI, R'' is H, F, Cl, OH, methyl, hydroxymethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, vinyl, ethynyl, formyl.

[0370] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVI, R 5 are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0371] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVI, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0372] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVI, R 7are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0373] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVI, R 8 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0374] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVI, R 9 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0375] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula XVII:

[0376] [ka]

[0377] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R'' can be hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, or aryl. R" is optionally one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 1 H,

[0378] [ka]

[0379] TIFF2026027247000067.tif245169

[0380] TIFF2026027247000068.tif87169

[0381] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, optionally substituted sulfenyls, optionally substituted imidates, optionally substituted hydrazonates, optionally substituted oximyls, optionally substituted imidinyls, optionally substituted imidyls, optionally substituted aminals, optionally substituted hemiaminals, optionally substituted acetals, optionally substituted hemiacetals, optionally substituted carbonimidates, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidates, optionally substituted carbonimidyls, optionally substituted carbamimidates, optionally substituted carbamidyls, optionally substituted thioacetals, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyls, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)esters, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)esters, esters, branched esters, carbonates, carbamates, thioesters, branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, carbonate, sulfenyl thiocarbonate, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonidate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally and R is selected from sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulfonamide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 3 and R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkoxy, R is selected from alkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl;7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 8 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R 9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbazole, carbazole-based ... cyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22 Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0382] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVII, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0383] [ka]

[0384] is.

[0385] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVII, R 5are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0386] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVII, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0387] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVII, R 7 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0388] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVII, R 8is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl butyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0389] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVII, R 9 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0390] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula XVIII:

[0391] [ka]

[0392] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein Z is N or CR″; R″ is deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 1H,

[0393] [ka]

[0394] TIFF2026027247000072.tif246169

[0395] TIFF2026027247000073.tif85169

[0396] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, optionally substituted sulfenyls, optionally substituted imidates, optionally substituted hydrazonates, optionally substituted oximyls, optionally substituted imidinyls, optionally substituted imidyls, optionally substituted aminals, optionally substituted hemiaminals, optionally substituted acetals, optionally substituted hemiacetals, optionally substituted carbonimidates, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidates, optionally substituted carbonimidyls, optionally substituted carbamimidates, optionally substituted carbamidyls, optionally substituted thioacetals, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyls, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)esters, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)esters, esters, branched esters, carbonates, carbamates, thioesters, branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, carboxylate, sulfenyl thiocarbonate, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonidate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally, optionally substituted sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulfonamide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 2 is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 2 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 3 and R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkoxy, R is selected from alkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl;7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 8 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R 9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbazole, carbazole-based ... cyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22 Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0397] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVIII, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0398] [ka]

[0399] is.

[0400] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVIII, R 5are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0401] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVIII, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0402] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVIII, R 7 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0403] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVIII, R 8is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neo pentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0404] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XVIII, R 9 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0405] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula XIX:

[0406] [ka]

[0407] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR'; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R″ is deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 1 H,

[0408] [ka]

[0409] TIFF2026027247000077.tif248169

[0410] TIFF2026027247000078.tif88169

[0411] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, optionally substituted sulfenyls, optionally substituted imidates, optionally substituted hydrazonates, optionally substituted oximyls, optionally substituted imidinyls, optionally substituted imidyls, optionally substituted aminals, optionally substituted hemiaminals, optionally substituted acetals, optionally substituted hemiacetals, optionally substituted carbonimidates, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidates, optionally substituted carbonimidyls, optionally substituted carbamimidates, optionally substituted carbamidyls, optionally substituted thioacetals, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyls, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)esters, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)esters, esters, branched esters, carbonates, carbamates, thioesters, branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, carbonate, sulfenyl thiocarbonate, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonidate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally and R is selected from sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulfonamide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3’is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6, R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocyclooxy, R is selected from cycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; 7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 8 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22 Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0412] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIX, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0413] [ka]

[0414] is.

[0415] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIX, R 5are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0416] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIX, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0417] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIX, R 7 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0418] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIX, R 8is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclo butyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0419] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XIX, R 9 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0420] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula XX:

[0421] [ka]

[0422] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR'; R' is deuterium, chloro, iodo, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 1 H,

[0423]

change

[0424] TIFF2026027247000082.tif246169

[0425] TIFF2026027247000083.tif87169

[0426] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, optionally substituted sulfenyls, optionally substituted imidates, optionally substituted hydrazonates, optionally substituted oximyls, optionally substituted imidinyls, optionally substituted imidyls, optionally substituted aminals, optionally substituted hemiaminals, optionally substituted acetals, optionally substituted hemiacetals, optionally substituted carbonimidates, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidates, optionally substituted carbonimidyls, optionally substituted carbamimidates, optionally substituted carbamidyls, optionally substituted thioacetals, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyls, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)esters, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)esters, esters, branched esters, carbonates, carbamates, thioesters, branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, carbonate, sulfenyl thiocarbonate, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonidate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally and R is selected from sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulfonamide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3’is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6, R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocyclooxy, R is selected from cycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; 7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 8 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22 Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0427] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XX, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0428] [ka]

[0429] is.

[0430] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XX, R 5are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0431] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XX, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0432] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XX, R 7 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0433] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XX, R 8is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl methyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0434] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XX, R 9 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0435] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula XXI:

[0436] [ka]

[0437] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein R 1 H,

[0438] [ka]

[0439] TIFF2026027247000087.tif246169

[0440] TIFF2026027247000088.tif82169

[0441] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid ester, optionally substituted sulfenyl, optionally substituted imidate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, optionally substituted oximyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, optionally substituted imidyl, optionally substituted aminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, optionally substituted acetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, optionally substituted carbonimidate, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted thioacetals, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyls, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)esters, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)esters, esters, branched esters, carbonates, carbamates, thioesters, branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, sulfenylthiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonidate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally substituted sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulf, and R is selected from bis(acyloxybenzyl) ester, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3’is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3 and R 3’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cyclo R is selected from alkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; 7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 8 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (aryl) alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22 Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0442] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXI, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0443] [ka]

[0444] is.

[0445] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXI, R 5are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0446] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXI, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0447] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXI, R 7 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0448] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXI, R 8is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, iso propoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0449] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXI, R 9 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0450] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula XXII:

[0451] [ka]

[0452] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein R 1 H,

[0453] [ka]

[0454] TIFF2026027247000092.tif245169

[0455] TIFF2026027247000093.tif82169

[0456] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid ester, optionally substituted sulfenyl, optionally substituted imidate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, optionally substituted oximyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, optionally substituted imidyl, optionally substituted aminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, optionally substituted acetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, optionally substituted carbonimidate, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted thioacetals, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyls, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)esters, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)esters, esters, branched esters, carbonates, carbamates, thioesters, branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, sulfenylthiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonidate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally substituted sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulf, and R is selected from bis(acyloxybenzyl) ester, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 3’ is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R 3’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 7 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 Deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heterocyclic R is aryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; 8 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 9is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R 9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or aryl substituted with an alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

[0457] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXII, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0458] [ka]

[0459] is.

[0460] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXII, R 5 are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0461] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXII, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0462] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXII, R 7are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0463] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXII, R 8 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0464] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXII, R 9 is methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropyl Examples of suitable alkyl groups include cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0465] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula XXIII:

[0466] [ka]

[0467] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein R 1 H,

[0468] [ka]

[0469] TIFF2026027247000097.tif246169

[0470] TIFF2026027247000098.tif85169

[0471] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, optionally substituted sulfenyls, optionally substituted imidates, optionally substituted hydrazonates, optionally substituted oximyls, optionally substituted imidinyls, optionally substituted imidyls, optionally substituted aminals, optionally substituted hemiaminals, optionally substituted acetals, optionally substituted hemiacetals, optionally substituted carbonimidates, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidates, optionally substituted carbonimidyls, optionally substituted carbamimidates, optionally substituted carbamimidyls, optionally substituted thioacetals, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyls, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)esters, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)esters, esters, branched esters, carbonates, carbamates, thioesters, branched thioesters, thiocates, carbonate, sulfenyl thiocarbonate, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonidate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally optionally substituted sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, sulfonamide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 7optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 is a cyclic alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, heterocycloalkyl group, cycloalkenyl group, alkoxy group, carbocyclyl group, heterocarbocyclyl group, aryloxy group, heteroaryloxy group, heterocyclooxy group, cycloalkoxy group, cycloalkenoxy group, alkylamino group, (alkyl)2amino group, carbocycloamino group, heterocarbocycloamino group, arylamino group, heterocyclooxy group, R is arylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; 8 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R 9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22 Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0472] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXIII, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0473] [ka]

[0474] is.

[0475] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXIII, R 5are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0476] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXIII, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, methoxy, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0477] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXIII, R 7 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0478] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXIII, R 8are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0479] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXIII, R 9 are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0480] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a compound of formula XXIV:

[0481] [ka]

[0482] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein R 1 H,

[0483] [ka]

[0484] TIFF2026027247000102.tif248169

[0485] TIFF2026027247000103.tif84169

[0486] Optionally substituted esters, optionally substituted branched esters, optionally substituted carbonates, optionally substituted carbamates, optionally substituted thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyls, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyls, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid ester, optionally substituted sulfenyl, optionally substituted imidate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, optionally substituted oximyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, optionally substituted imidyl, optionally substituted aminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, optionally substituted acetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, optionally substituted carbonimidate, optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate date, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, optionally substituted thioacetal, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, ester, branched ester, carbonate, carbamate, thioester, branched thioester, thiocarbonate, sulfenylthiocarbonate , optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonidate, 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate ester, S-thiocarbonate, dithiocarbonate, thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted methylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, oxymethoxyamino ester, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, optionally substituted sulfinyl, sulfonyl, optionally substituted sulfonyl, sulfite, optionally substituted sulfite, sulfate, optionally substituted sulfate, S, is selected from sulfonamide, optionally substituted sulfonamide, imidate, hydrazonate, oximyl, imidinyl, imidyl, aminal, hemiaminal, acetal, hemiacetal, carbonimidate, thiocarbamimidate, carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester, wherein R 1 is one or more, same or different R 10 optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y 1 OH, OY 3 , or BH3 - M + and Y 2 is OH or BH3 - M + and Y 3 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, and Y 3 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R 5 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; R 6 , R 6’ , R 6’’ , and R 6’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 may be replaced by R 7 and R 7’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 7optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 is a cyclic aryl group, and may be selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, and a R is alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; 8 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 9 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 9 optionally, one or more of the same or different R10 is replaced by R 7 , R 7’ , R 8 , and R 9 can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 7 and R 7’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 8 and R 9 can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R 10 is replaced by R 10 is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; R 10 optionally, one or more of the same or different R 11 is replaced by R 11is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl)2amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, lipid, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C 11 ~C 22 Higher alkyl, C 11 ~C 22 Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein.

[0487] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXIV, R 1 is hydrogen,

[0488] [ka]

[0489] is.

[0490] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXIV, R 5are lipids, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, s-pentyl, t-pentyl, neopentyl, 3-pentyl, hexyl, t-hexyl, 4-heptyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, isopropoxide, tert-butoxide, N-propylamino, N-isopropylamino, N-tert-butylamino, N,N-dimethylamino, N,N-diethylamino, and N,N-dipropylamino.

[0491] In an exemplary embodiment of Formula XXIV, R 6 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, fluoro, chloro, amino, methyl, meth...

Claims

1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula I, 【Chemistry 1】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein X is CH ２ , CHMe, CMe ２ , CHF, CF ２ , or CD ２ and U is O, S, NH, NR ７ , C.H. ２ , CHF, CF ２ , C.C.H. ２ , or CCF ２ and Q is a natural or unnatural nucleobase; R １ H, 【Chemistry 2】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ and R ２’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ４ is hydrogen or deuterium, R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkoxy) L) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

2. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula II: 【Transformation 3】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein X is CH ２ , CHMe, CMe ２ , CHF, CF ２ , or CD ２ and U is O, S, NH, NR ７ , C.H. ２ , CHF, CF ２ , C.C.H. ２ , or CCF ２ and W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １ H, 【Chemistry 4】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ and R ２’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ４ is hydrogen or deuterium, R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkoxy) L) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

3. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula III: 【Transformation 5】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １ H, 【Transformation 6】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ and R ２’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ４ is hydrogen or deuterium, R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkoxy) L) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

4. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula IV: 【Transformation 7】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ and R ２’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ４ is hydrogen or deuterium, R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ Deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, hetero Heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

5. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula V: 【Transformation 8】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ and R ２’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ４ is hydrogen or deuterium, R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbazole, carbazole-based ... cycloalkoxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

6. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula VI: 【Chemistry 9】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ and R ２’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ４ is hydrogen or deuterium, R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

7. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula VII: 【Chemistry 10】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein X is CH ２ , CHMe, CMe ２ , CHF, CF ２ , or CD ２ and U is O, S, NH, NR ７ , C.H. ２ , CHF, CF ２ , C.C.H. ２ , or CCF ２ and Q is a natural or unnatural nucleobase; R １ H, 【Chemistry 11】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ and R ２’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ Amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, hetero R is arylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

8. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula V Compound III, 【Chemistry 12】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein X is CH ２ , CHMe, CMe ２ , CHF, CF ２ , or CD ２ and U is O, S, NH, NR ７ , C.H. ２ , CHF, CF ２ , C.C.H. ２ , or CCF ２ and W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １ H, 【Chemistry 13】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ and R ２’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ Amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, hetero R is arylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

9. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula I Compound X, 【Chemistry 14】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １ H, 【Chemistry 15】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ and R ２’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ Amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, hetero R is arylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

10. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula X The compound 【Chemistry 16】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ and R ２’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, Heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

11. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XI: 【Chemistry 17】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ and R ２’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ Amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

12. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XII: [Chemistry 18] or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carboxyl, R is selected from carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ and R ２’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

13. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XIII: 【Chemistry 19】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein X is CH ２ , CHMe, CMe ２ , CHF, CF ２ , or CD ２ and U is S, NH, NR ７ , C.H. ２ , CHF, CF ２ , C.C.H. ２ , or CCF ２ and W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １ H, 【Chemistry 20】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ and R ２’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ Amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, hetero R is arylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

14. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula X Compound IV, 【Chemistry 21】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein X is CHMe, CMe ２ , CHF, CF ２ , or CD ２ and W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １ H, 【Chemistry 22】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more Same or different R above １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ , R ２’ , R ３ , R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ and R ２’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkoxy) L) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

15. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XV: 【Chemistry 23】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １ H, 【Chemistry 24】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２’ is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３’ is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ and R ２’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryl aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ Deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, hetero Heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

16. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XVI: 【Chemistry 25】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １ H, 【Chemistry 26】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３’ is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, and hetero. Cyclocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

17. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XVII: 【Chemistry 27】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １ H, 【Chemistry 28】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３ and R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, and hetero. Cyclocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

18. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XVIII: 【Chemistry 29】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein Z is N or CR″; R″ is deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １ H, 【Transformation 30】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３ and R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbo Cyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein A pharmaceutical composition comprising:

19. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XIX: 【Chemistry 31】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR′; Z is N or CR″; R' is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R″ is deuterium, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R″ optionally contains one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １ H, 【Chemistry 32】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more Same or different R above １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３’ is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbo Cyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ Aryl substituted with higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl groups, or lipids as described herein A pharmaceutical composition comprising:

20. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XX: 【Transformation 33】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein W is N or CR′; R' is deuterium, chloro, iodo, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, or acyl, and R' is optionally selected from one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １ H, 【Transformation 34】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３’ is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, and hetero. Cyclocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

21. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XXI: 【Chemistry 35】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein R １ H, 【Transformation 36】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３’ is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ and R ３’ can form a ring together with the carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, and hetero. Cyclocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

22. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XXII: 【Chemistry 37】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein R １ H, 【Transformation 38】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３’ is selected from deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

23. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XXIII: 【Chemistry 39】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein R １ H, 【Chemistry 40】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkoxy) L) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

24. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XXIV: 【Chemistry 41】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein R １ H, 【Chemistry 42】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more Same or different R above １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azido, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, and hetero. Cyclocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

25. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XXV: 【Chemistry 43】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein R １ teeth, 【Chemistry 44】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkoxy) L) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

26. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XXVI: 【Chemistry 45】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein R １ H, 【Chemistry 46】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ is selected from deuterium, C2-C22 alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, chloro, bromo, iodo, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ is selected from deuterium, C2-C22 alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３ and R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ Amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, hetero R is arylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

27. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula X Compound XVII, 【Chemistry 47】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein R １ H, 【Chemistry 48】 【change】 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates , optionally substituted thiocarbamate, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid ester, D-amino acid ester, oxymethoxyamino ester, N-substituted L-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid ester, N-substituted D-amino acid ester, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ２ is OH or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ is selected from deuterium, C2-C22 alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, chloro, bromo, iodo, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３ and R ３’ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azide, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

28. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of formula XXVIII: 【Chemistry 49】 or a pharmaceutical or physiological salt thereof, wherein R １ teeth, [Transformation 50] 【change】 Esters, optionally substituted esters, branched esters, optionally substituted branched esters, carbonates, optionally substituted carbonates, carbamates, optionally substituted carbamates, thioesters, optionally substituted thioesters, branched thioesters, optionally substituted branched thioesters, thiocarbonates, optionally substituted thiocarbonates, sulfenyl thiocarbonates, optionally substituted sulfenyl thiocarbonates, 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, optionally substituted 2-hydroxypropanoate esters, S-thiocarbonates, optionally substituted S-thiocarbonates, dithiocarbonates, optionally substituted dithiocarbonates, thiocarbamates, optionally substituted thiocarbamates, oxymethoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonyl, oxymethoxycarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxycarbonate, oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonyl, oxymethylcarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylcarbonyl, oxymethylthiocarbonyl, optionally substituted oxymethylthiocarbonyl, oxymethoxythiocarbonate, optionally substituted oxymethoxythiocarbonate, L-amino acid esters, D-amino acid esters, oxymethoxyamino esters, N-substituted L-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted L-amino acid esters, N-substituted D-amino acid esters, N,N-disubstituted D-amino acid esters, sulfenyl, optionally substituted sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfite, sulfate, sulfonamide, imidate, optionally substituted imidate, hydrazonate, optionally substituted hydrazonate, oximyl, optionally substituted oximyl, imidinyl, optionally substituted imidinyl, imidyl, optionally substituted imidyl, aminal, optionally substituted aminal, hemiaminal, optionally substituted hemiaminal, acetal, optionally substituted acetal, hemiacetal, optionally substituted hemiacetal, carbonimidate, optionally substituted carbonimidate, thiocarbonimidate, optionally optionally substituted thiocarbonimidate, carbonimidyl, optionally substituted carbonimidyl, carbamimidate, optionally substituted carbamimidate, carbamimidyl, optionally substituted carbamimidyl, thioacetal, optionally substituted thioacetal, S-acyl-2-thioethyl, optionally substituted S-acyl-2-thioethyl, (acyloxybenzyl)ether, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, PEG ester, PEG carbonate, bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted bis-(acyloxybenzyl)ester, (acyloxybenzyl)ester, optionally substituted (acyloxybenzyl)ester, and BAB-ester; R, １ is one or more of the same or different R １０ optionally substituted with Y is O or S; Y １ OH, OY ３ , or BH ３ － M ＋ and Y ３ is aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; Y ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ２ is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ２ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ３ is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, allenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, thiol, amino, azido, formyl, acyl, cyano, halogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, or sulfonyl; R ３ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ５ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, allenyl, or lipid; R ５ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxyl, amino, azido, thiol, acyl, formyl, halogen, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heterocyclic, aryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, allenyl, cyano, or lipid; ６ , R ６’ , R ６’’ , and R ６’’’ each optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ may be replaced by R ７ and R ７’ are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocyclooxy, heterocarbocyclooxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ R is selected from amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; ７ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ８ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ９ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R ９ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ , R ７’ , R ８ , and R ９ can form a ring together with the α-carbon to which they are attached and the amino group attached to said α-carbon, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ７ and R ７’ can form a ring together with the α carbon to which they are attached, said ring optionally containing one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R ８ and R ９ can form a ring with the α-carbon to which they are attached, The ring may optionally contain one or more of the same or different R １０ is replaced by R １０ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; R １０ optionally, one or more of the same or different R １１ is replaced by R １１ is deuterium, hydroxy, azide, thiol, amino, cyano, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carbocyclyl, heterocarbocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxy, carbocycloxy, heterocarbocycloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heterocyclooxy, cycloalkoxy, cycloalkenoxy, alkylamino, (alkyl) ２ amino, carbocycloamino, heterocarbocycloamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, heterocycloamino, cycloalkamino, cycloalkeneamino, alkylthio, carbocyclylthio, heterocarbocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, heterocyclylthio, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, allenyl, sulfinyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, nitro, or carbonyl; Lipids are C １１ ~C ２２ Higher alkyl, C １１ ~C ２２ A pharmaceutical composition which is an aryl substituted with a higher alkoxy, polyethylene glycol, or alkyl group, or a lipid as described herein.

29. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 51】

30. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 52】

31. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 53】

32. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 54】

33. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 55】

34. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 56】

35. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 57】

36. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 58】

37. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 59】

38. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 60】

39. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 61】

40. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 62】

41. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 63】

42. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 64】

43. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 65】

44. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical Formula 66】

45. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 67】

46. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 68】

47. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 69】

48. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 70】

49. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 71】

50. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 72】

51. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 73】

52. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 74】

53. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 75】

54. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 76】

55. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 77】

56. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 78】

57. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 79】

58. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 80】

59. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 81】

60. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 82】

61. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 83】

62. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 84】

63. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 85】

64. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 86】

65. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 87】

66. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 88】

67. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 89】

68. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: [Chemical 90]

69. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 91】

70. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 92】

71. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 93】

72. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 94】

73. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 95】

74. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 96】

75. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 97】

76. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chem.98】

77. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chem.99】

78. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 100】

79. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 101】

80. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical Engineering 102】

81. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 103】

82. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 104】

83. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 105】

84. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 106】

85. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 107】

86. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 108】

87. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 109】

88. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 110】

89. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 111】

90. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 112】

91. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 113】

92. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 114】

93. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 115】

94. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 116】

95. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 117】

96. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 118】

97. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 119】

98. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 120】

99. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 121】

100. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 122】

101. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 123】

102. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 124】

103. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 125】

104. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 126】

105. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 127】

106. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 128】

107. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 129】

108. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 130】

109. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 131】

110. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 132】

111. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 133】

112. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 134】

113. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 135】

114. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 136】

115. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 137】

116. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 138】

117. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 139】

118. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: [Chemistry 140]

119. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 141】

120. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 142】

121. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 143】

122. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 144】

123. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 145】

124. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 146】

125. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 147】

126. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 148】

127. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 149】

128. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: [Chemical 150]

129. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 151】

130. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 152】

131. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 153】

132. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 154】

133. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 155】

134. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 156】

135. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 157】

136. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 158】

137. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 159】

138. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: [Chemical 160]

139. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 161】

140. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 162】

141. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 163】

142. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 164】

143. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 165】

144. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 166】

145. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 167】

146. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 168】

147. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 169】

148. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 170】

149. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 171】

150. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 172】

151. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 173】

152. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 174】

153. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 175】

154. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 176】

155. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 177】

156. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 178】

157. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 179】

158. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 180】

159. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 181】

160. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 182】

161. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 183】

162. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 184】

163. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 185】

164. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 186】

165. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 187】

166. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 188】

167. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 189】

168. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 190】

169. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 191】

170. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 192】

171. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 193】

172. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 194】

173. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 195】

174. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 196】

175. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 197】

176. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 198】

177. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 199】

178. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 200】

179. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical Engineering 201】

180. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical Engineering 202】

181. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 203】

182. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 204】

183. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 205】

184. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 206】

185. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 207】

186. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 208】

187. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical Engineering 209】

188. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 210】

189. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 211】

190. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and: and a compound selected from the group consisting of: 【Chemical Engineering 212】

191. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 213】

192. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 214】

193. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 215】

194. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 216】

195. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 217】

196. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 218】

197. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 219】

198. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 220】

199. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 221】

200. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 222】

201. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 223】

202. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 224】

203. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 225】

204. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 226】

205. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 227】

206. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 228】

207. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 229】

208. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 230】

209. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 231】

210. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 232】

211. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 233】

212. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 234】

213. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 235】

214. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 236】

215. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 237】

216. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 238】

217. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 239】

218. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 240】

219. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 241】

220. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and: and a compound selected from the group consisting of: 【Chemistry 242】

221. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 243】

222. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 244】

223. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 245】

224. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 246】

225. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 247】

226. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 248】

227. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 249】

228. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: [Chemical 250]

229. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 251】

230. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 252】

231. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 253】

232. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 254】

233. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 255】

234. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and: and a compound selected from the group consisting of: 【Chemistry 256】

235. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 257】

236. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 258】

237. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 259】

238. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 260】

239. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 261】

240. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 262】

241. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 263】

242. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 264】

243. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 265】

244. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 266】

245. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 267】

246. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 268】

247. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 269】

248. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 270】

249. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 271】

250. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 272】

251. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 273】

252. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 274】

253. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 275】

254. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 276】

255. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 277】

256. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 278】

257. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 279】

258. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 280】

259. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and: and a compound selected from the group consisting of: 【Chemistry 281】

260. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 282】

261. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 283】

262. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 284】

263. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 285】

264. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 286】

265. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 287】

266. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 288】

267. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 289】

268. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 290】

269. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 291】

270. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 292】

271. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 293】

272. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 294】

273. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 295】

274. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 296】

275. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 297】

276. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 298】

277. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 299】

278. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: [Chemical 300]

279. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 301】

280. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 302】

281. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 303】

282. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 304】

283. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 305】

284. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 306】

285. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 307】

286. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 308】

287. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 309】

288. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 310】

289. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 311】

290. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 312】

291. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 313】

292. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 314】

293. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical Industry 315】

294. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 316】

295. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 317】

296. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 318】

297. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 319】

298. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chem.320】

299. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 321】

300. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 322】

301. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 323】

302. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 324】

303. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 325】

304. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 326】

305. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 327】

306. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 328】

307. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 329】

308. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 330】

309. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 331】

310. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 332】

311. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 333】

312. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 334】

313. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 335】

314. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 336】

315. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 337】

316. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 338】

317. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 339】

318. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 340】

319. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 341】

320. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 342】

321. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 343】

322. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 344】

323. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 345】

324. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 346】

325. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 347】

326. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 348】

327. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 349】

328. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: [Chemical 350]

329. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 351】

330. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 352】

331. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 353】

332. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 354】

333. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 355】

334. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 356】

335. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 357】

336. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 358】

337. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 359】

338. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 360】

339. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 361】

340. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 362】

341. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 363】

342. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 364】

343. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 365】

344. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 366】

345. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 367】

346. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 368】

347. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 369】

348. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 370】

349. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 371】

350. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 372】

351. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 373】

352. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 374】

353. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 375】

354. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Transformation 376】

355. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 377】

356. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 378】

357. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 379】

358. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 380】

359. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 381】

360. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 382】

361. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 383】

362. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 384】

363. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chem.385】

364. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 386】

365. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 387】

366. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 388】

367. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 389】

368. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a viral infection, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemical 390】

369. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound selected from: 【Chemistry 391】 or a pharmaceutically acceptable or physiological salt thereof.

370. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and: a compound having the structure 【Chemistry 392】 or a pharmaceutically acceptable or physiological salt thereof.

369. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound having the structure: 【Chemistry 393】 or a pharmaceutically acceptable or physiological salt thereof.

369. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of viral infections, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound having the structure: 【Chem. 394】 or a pharmaceutically acceptable or physiological salt thereof.

370. 369. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of any one of claims 1 to 369, a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, or a pharmaceutically acceptable or physiological salt thereof, and one or more of abacavir, acyclovir, adefovir, amantadine, amprenavir, ampligen, arbidol, AT-511, AT-527, atazanavir, atripla, valapiravir, BCX4430 / galidesivir, boceprevir, cidofovir, combivir, daclatasvir, darunavir, dasabuvir, delavirdine, didanosine, ocosanol, edoxudine, efavirenz, emtricitabine, enfuvirtide, entecavir, famciclovir, favipiravir, fomivirsen, fosamprenavir, foscarnet, fosfonet, ganciclovir, GS-41524, GS-5734 / rem Desivir, Ibacitabine, Immunovir, Idoxuridine, Imiquimod, Indinavir, Inosine, Interferon type III, Interferon type II, Interferon type I, Lamivudine, Ledipasvir, Lopinavir, Loviride, Maraviroc, Moroxydine, Methisazone, Nelfinavir, Nevirapine, Nexavir, NITD008, Ombitasvir, Oseltamivir, Paritaprevir, Peginterferon alfa-2a, Penciclovir, Pera Mivir, pleconaril, podophyllotoxin, raltegravir, ribavirin, rimantadine, ritonavir, pyramidine, saquinavir, simeprevir, sofosbuvir, stavudine, telaprevir, telbivudine, tenofovir, tenofovir disoproxil, tenofovir exalidex, tipranavir, trifluridine, trizivir, tromantadine, Truvada, valacyclovir, valganciclovir, vicriviroc, vidarabine, viramidine, zalcitabine , zanamivir, zidovudine, chloroquine, chloroquine phosphate, hydroxychloroquine, hydroxychloroquine sulfate, Ampligen, APN01, Ganovo, IFX-1, BXT-25, CYNK-001, tocilizumab, leronlimab, Ii-key, COVID-19S-trimer, camrelizumab, thymosin, brilacidin, INO-4800, Prezicobix, cobicistat, mRNA-1273, arbi...

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