Bearing damage control structure

Abstract

This invention provides a bearing reinforcement structure that can reliably suppress the relative displacement between the superstructure and substructure caused by an earthquake by reinforcing the existing high-strength brass bearing plates on a bridge, thereby preventing damage to the bridge. [Solution] The bearing damage control structure 32 has first and second pulling bolts 34a and 34b pulling the first and second side holders 33a and 33b radially inward, the first side holder 33a holds the upper surface, both sides and front surface of the first stopper flange in the state in which the first side block has been removed from the first protrusion, and holds the upper surface and front surface of the first protrusion, as well as the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15, the second side holder 33b holds the upper surface, both sides and front surface of the second stopper flange in the state in which the second side block has been removed from the second protrusion, and holds the upper surface and front surface of the second protrusion, as well as the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a bearing damage control structure for reinforcing a bearing plate bearing installed between a main structure and a support structure.

Background Art

[0002] As a bearing for transmitting the load of the superstructure of a bridge to the substructure, a bearing plate bearing having a horizontal movement function and a rotation function of the superstructure due to sliding in addition to a load transmission function is used. As the bearing plate bearing, a high-strength brass bearing plate bearing or a sealed rubber bearing plate bearing is known (see Non-Patent Document 1). As an example of the high-strength brass bearing plate bearing 10A, as shown in the exploded perspective view of FIG. 14, an upper plate 14 fixed to the lower surface of the superstructure (bridge girder) of the bridge, and a lower plate 15 located directly below the upper plate 14 and fixed to the upper surface of the substructure (bridge pier) of the bridge, with a concave curved surface portion 23 formed in the center, and a convex curved surface portion 27 that protrudes downward, located between the upper plate 14 and the lower plate 15 and disposed at the center of these plates 14 and 15, a bearing plate 17, a seal ring 16 located between the upper plate 14 and the bearing plate 17, a first side block 18a for fixing the upper plate 14 and the lower plate 15, and a second side block 18b located on the opposite side in the radial direction from the first side block 18a for fixing the upper plate 14 and the lower plate 15.

[0003] The upper plate 14 has a first stopper flange 19a provided with a first recess 20a that extends in one direction in the radial direction of the upper plate 14 and is concave inward in the radial direction, and a second stopper flange 19b that is spaced apart and opposed to the first stopper flange 19a on the opposite side in the radial direction, extends in the other direction in the radial direction of the upper plate 14, and is provided with a second recess 20b that is concave inward in the radial direction. The lower plate 15 has a first convex portion 24a that extends upward from the peripheral edge portion 25 of the lower plate 15 and fits into the first recess 20a of the first stopper flange 19a, and a second convex portion 24b that is spaced apart and opposed to the first convex portion 24a on the opposite side in the radial direction, extends upward from the peripheral edge portion 25 of the lower plate 15, and fits into the second recess 20b of the second stopper flange 19b.

[0004] The first side block 18a has a first horizontal portion 28a that extends radially inward toward the first stopper flange 19a and overlaps the upper surface of the first stopper flange 19a and the upper surface of the first protrusion 24a, and a first vertical portion 29a that extends downward from the end portion of the first horizontal portion 28a and overlaps the front surface of the first protrusion 24a, and is fixed to the first protrusion 24a by a first fixing bolt 30a. The second side block 18b has a second horizontal portion 28b that extends radially inward toward the second stopper flange 19b and overlaps the upper surface of the second stopper flange 19b and the upper surface of the second protrusion 24b, and a second vertical portion 29b that extends downward from the end portion of the second horizontal portion 28b and overlaps the front surface of the second protrusion 24b, and is fixed to the second protrusion 24b by a second fixing bolt 30b.

[0005] The high-strength brass bearing plate 10A shown in Figure 14 is positioned between the upper shoe 14 and the lower shoe 15 such that the convex spherical portion 27 of the bearing plate 17 is positioned on the concave spherical portion 23 formed on the lower shoe 15. The bearing plate 17 has a rotation function due to the sliding between the convex spherical portion and the concave spherical portion 23, as well as a displacement tracking function and a relative displacement damping function. In addition, a sliding plate may be placed between the upper shoe 14 and the bearing plate 17 to provide a horizontal movement function in addition to the rotation function due to the sliding between the upper shoe 14 and the sliding plate. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0006] [Non-Patent Document 1] "Road Bridge Bearing Handbook (Revised Edition)," Japan Road Association, August 2008, pp. 43-45. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] The high-strength brass bearing plate 10A shown in Figure 14 was developed in the 1950s. Existing bearings were designed for small seismic forces, and their capacity to withstand the seismic forces that should be considered in current designs is insufficient. For example, when an earthquake occurs and the shaking causes a large relative displacement between the superstructure and substructure of the bridge, the external force due to the relative displacement is transmitted to the upper shoe 14 and lower shoe 15, and this external force may damage the first protrusion 24a and the second protrusion 24b that extend upward from the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15. If the first protrusion 24a and the second protrusion 24b are damaged, they cannot perform their rotational function, displacement-following function, and relative displacement damping function, and the shaking of the earthquake may cause damage (deformation such as distortion, strain, bending, cracking, fracture, damage, collapse, etc.) to the superstructure (bridge girder) and substructure (bridge pier) of the bridge. Damage to the superstructure (girders) and substructure (piers) of a bridge can take a long time to repair, restricting bridge traffic for extended periods. This can prevent emergency vehicles and vehicles transporting relief supplies from passing, hindering rescue operations and reconstruction efforts in disaster-stricken areas.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a bearing damage control structure that can reliably suppress relative displacement between the main structure and the supporting structure even if relative displacement occurs due to an earthquake by reinforcing existing bearings, and can prevent damage to the main structure and the supporting structure. Another object of the present invention is to provide a bearing damage control structure that can prevent damage to the main structure and the supporting structure by utilizing existing bearings even if an earthquake occurs, without restricting the use of the main structure or the supporting structure, and can enable the continued use of the main structure or the supporting structure.

[0009] The first premise of the present invention for solving the aforementioned problems is a bearing damage control structure that is installed between a main structure and a support structure that supports the main structure, is attached to a bearing that suppresses relative displacement occurring between the main structure and the support structure, and reinforces the bearing.

[0010] The features of the bearing damage control structure of the present invention in the first premise described above are that the bearing comprises an upper shoe fixed to the main structure, a lower shoe located below the upper shoe and fixed to the support structure, a bearing plate or intermediate plate and rubber plate located between the upper and lower shoes and positioned in the center of the shoes, a first side block fixing the upper and lower shoes, and a second side block located radially opposite the first side block and fixing the upper and lower shoes, wherein the upper shoe has a first stopper flange having a first recess extending in one radial direction from the upper shoe and recessing radially inward, and the first stopper The lower shoe has a second stopper flange which is spaced apart from the upper flange on the radially opposite side and has a second recess which extends to the other radial side of the upper shoe and recesses radially inward, and the lower shoe has an upper surface on which a bearing plate or intermediate plate and rubber plate are placed, a peripheral edge which is located radially outward from the upper surface and extends around the lower shoe, a first convex portion which extends upward from the peripheral edge and fits into the first recess of the first stopper flange, and a second convex portion which is spaced apart from the first convex portion on the radially opposite side and extends upward from the peripheral edge and fits into the second recess of the second stopper flange, and the bearing damage control structure is It is formed from a first side holder extending in an intersecting direction that intersects the radial direction, a second side holder located on the opposite side of the radial direction from the first side holder and extending in an intersecting direction, a first pulling bolt extending in the radial direction and inserted through one side of the first side holder and one side of the second side holder, and a second pulling bolt extending in the radial direction and inserted through the other side of the first side holder and the other side of the second side holder, wherein the first pulling bolt and the second pulling bolt pull the first side holder and the second side holder radially inward, and The first and second side holders are brought into close contact with the first and second stopper flanges with the first and second side blocks removed from the second protrusion, the first and second protrusions, and the peripheral edge of the lower shoe. The first side holder holds the top surface, both sides, and front surface of the first stopper flange with the first side block removed from the first protrusion, holds the top surface and front surface of the first protrusion, and holds the peripheral surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending downward from the first stopper flange and the peripheral surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the first stopper flange. The second side holder,The purpose is to hold the upper surface, both sides, and front surface of the second stopper flange in the state where the second side block has been removed from the second protrusion, to hold the upper surface and front surface of the second protrusion, and to hold the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending downward from the second stopper flange, and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the second stopper flange.

[0011] As an example of the bearing damage control structure of the present invention, the first side holder comprises: a holder upper portion extending in a cross direction and in close contact with the upper surface of the first stopper flange and the upper surface of the first protrusion; one holder side portion extending downward from one side portion of the holder upper portion and located on the cross-directional outer side of one side surface of the first stopper flange, and in close contact with one side surface of the first stopper flange; another holder side portion extending downward from the other side portion of the holder upper portion, spaced apart from the one holder side portion in the opposite cross direction, and located on the cross-directional outer side of the other side surface of the first stopper flange, and in close contact with the other side surface of the first stopper flange; a holder front portion extending in a cross direction between these holder side portions and in close contact with the front surface of the first stopper flange and the front surface of the first protrusion; and a hood located below the holder front portion and extending in a cross direction, in close contact with the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe. The second side holder has a holder upper part that extends in a cross direction and is in close contact with the upper surface of the second stopper flange and the upper surface of the second protrusion; one holder side part that extends downward from one side portion of the holder upper part and is located outward in the cross direction from one side surface of the second stopper flange and is in close contact with one side surface of the second stopper flange; another holder side part that is spaced apart from the one holder side part in the opposite direction in the cross direction and extends downward from the other side portion of the holder upper part and is located outward in the cross direction from the other side surface of the second stopper flange and is in close contact with the other side surface of the second stopper flange; a holder front part that extends in a cross direction between these holder side parts and is in close contact with the front surface of the second stopper flange and the front surface of the second protrusion; and a holder lower part that is located below the holder front part, extends in a cross direction and is in close contact with the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe.

[0012] Another example of the bearing damage control structure of the present invention is a first pull-in bolt having one end inserted through a first through-hole formed on one holder side of the first side holder and the other end inserted through a second through-hole formed on one holder side of the second side holder, a second pull-in bolt having one end inserted through a third through-hole formed on the other holder side of the first side holder and the other end inserted through a fourth through-hole formed on the other holder side of the second side holder, and the bearing damage control structure having a first nut screwed onto a screw formed on one end of the first pull-in bolt that is exposed radially outward from the first through-hole on one holder side of the first side holder, and a second side holder The holder includes a second nut screwed onto a thread formed on the other end of a first pull-in bolt that is exposed radially outward from a second through-hole on one side of the holder of the holder, a third nut screwed onto a thread formed on one end of a second pull-in bolt that is exposed radially outward from a third through-hole on the other side of the holder of the first side holder, and a fourth nut screwed onto a thread formed on the other end of a second pull-in bolt that is exposed radially outward from a fourth through-hole on the other side of the holder of the second side holder. By rotating the first to fourth nuts screwed onto the ends of the first and second pull-in bolts in either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, the first side holder and the second side holder are pulled radially inward.

[0013] As another example of the bearing damage control structure of the present invention, in the bearing damage control structure, the nuts screwed onto the ends of the first and second pull-in bolts are rotated to pull the first side holder and the second side holder radially inward, so that the first and second stopper flanges of the upper shoe, the first and second protrusions of the lower shoe, and the peripheral edge of the lower shoe are sandwiched between the first side holder and the second side holder, the upper surface of the first stopper flange and the upper surface of the first protrusion are held in close contact with the inner surface of the upper part of the holder of the first side holder, one side surface of the first stopper flange is held in close contact with the inner surface of one holder side of the first side holder, and the other side surface of the first stopper flange is held in close contact with the inner surface of the other holder side of the first side holder, and the first stopper flange The front surface of the first protrusion and the front surface of the first convex part are held in close contact with the inner surface of the front part of the holder of the first side holder, the peripheral surface of the lower shoe is held in close contact with the inner surface of the lower part of the holder of the first side holder, the upper surface of the second stopper flange and the upper surface of the second convex part are held in close contact with the inner surface of the upper part of the holder of the second side holder, one side surface of the second stopper flange is held in close contact with the inner surface of one side of the holder of the second side holder, the other side surface of the second stopper flange is held in close contact with the inner surface of the other side of the holder of the second side holder, the front surface of the second stopper flange and the front surface of the second convex part are held in close contact with the inner surface of the front part of the holder of the second side holder, and the peripheral surface of the lower shoe is held in close contact with the inner surface of the lower part of the holder of the second side holder.

[0014] Another example of the bearing damage control structure of the present invention is in which a first side holder is connected to a first stopper flange and a first protrusion and the peripheral edge of the lower shoe by predetermined connecting means, and a second side holder is connected to a second stopper flange and a second protrusion and the peripheral edge of the lower shoe by predetermined connecting means.

[0015] A second premise of the present invention for solving the aforementioned problems is a bearing reinforcement method that reinforces existing bearings installed between a main structure and a support structure that supports the main structure, thereby suppressing relative displacement occurring between the main structure and the support structure.

[0016] The features of the bearing reinforcement method of the present invention in the second premise described above are that the bearing comprises an upper shoe fixed to the main structure, a lower shoe located below the upper shoe and fixed to the support structure, a bearing plate or intermediate plate and rubber plate located between the upper and lower shoes and positioned in the center of the shoes, a first side block fixing the upper and lower shoes, and a second side block located radially opposite the first side block and fixing the upper and lower shoes, and the upper shoe comprises a first stopper flange having a first recess extending in one radial direction from the upper shoe and recessing radially inward, and a first stopper flange The lower shoe has a second stopper flange which is spaced apart from the flange on the radially opposite side and has a second recess which extends to the other radial side of the upper shoe and recesses radially inward, and the lower shoe has an upper surface on which a bearing plate or intermediate plate and rubber plate are placed, a peripheral edge which is located radially outward from the upper surface and extends around the lower shoe, a first convex portion which extends upward from the peripheral edge and fits into the first recess of the first stopper flange, and a second convex portion which is spaced apart from the first convex portion on the radially opposite side and extends upward from the peripheral edge and fits into the second recess of the second stopper flange, and the bearing reinforcement method intersects the radial direction A side block removal step involves using a first side holder extending in a crossing direction, a second side holder located radially opposite the first side holder and extending in a crossing direction, a first pull-in bolt extending radially and inserted through one side of the first side holder and one side of the second side holder, and a second pull-in bolt extending radially and inserted through the other side of the first side holder and the other side of the second side holder to remove the first side block from the first protrusion and remove the second side block from the second protrusion, and the first pull-in bolt to the first A pulling step in which the first and second side holders are pulled radially inward by the first and second pulling bolts, the first and second side holders are pulled into close contact with the first and second stopper flanges, the first and second protrusions, and the peripheral edge of the lower shoe, and the upper surface, both sides, and front surface of the first stopper flange in the state in which the first side block has been removed from the first protrusion are held by the first side holder.The device comprises a first holding step in which the upper and front surfaces of the first protrusion are held by the first side holder, and the circumferential surfaces of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending downward from the first stopper flange and the circumferential surfaces of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the first stopper flange are held by the first side holder, and a second holding step in which the upper surface, both sides, and front surface of the second stopper flange (with the second side block removed from the second protrusion) are held by the second side holder, and the upper and front surfaces of the second protrusion are held by the second side holder, and the circumferential surfaces of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending downward from the second stopper flange and the circumferential surfaces of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the second stopper flange are held by the second side holder.

[0017] As an example of the bearing reinforcement method of the present invention, in the first holding step, the first and second side holders are pulled radially inward by the pulling step, so that the upper part of the first side holder extending in the intersecting direction comes into close contact with the upper surface of the first stopper flange and the upper surface of the first protrusion, one holder side of the first side holder extending downward from one side portion of the upper part of the holder and located on the intersecting outside of one side surface of the first stopper flange comes into close contact with one side surface of the first stopper flange, the other holder side of the first side holder extending downward from the other side portion of the upper part of the holder, spaced apart from the one holder side and located on the opposite side in the intersecting direction, comes into close contact with the other side surface of the first stopper flange, the front part of the first side holder extending in the intersecting direction between these holder sides comes into close contact with the front surface of the first stopper flange and the front surface of the first protrusion, and the lower part of the first side holder located below the front part of the holder and extending in the intersecting direction comes into close contact with the periphery of the lower shoe In the second holding step, the first and second side holders are pulled radially inward by the pulling step, so that the upper part of the second side holder extending in the intersecting direction comes into close contact with the upper surface of the second stopper flange and the upper surface of the second protrusion, and one holder side of the second side holder, which extends downward from one side portion of the upper part of the holder and is located outward in the intersecting direction of one side of the second stopper flange, comes into close contact with one side of the second stopper flange, and one holder side separates from the opposite side in the intersecting direction. The other side of the second side holder, which extends downward from the other side portion of the upper part of the holder and is located outward in the direction of intersecting the other side surface of the second stopper flange, is in close contact with the other side surface of the second stopper flange. The front part of the second side holder, which extends in the direction of intersecting between these holder sides, is in close contact with the front surface of the second stopper flange and the front surface of the second protrusion. The lower part of the second side holder, which is located below the front part of the holder and extends in the direction of intersecting, is in close contact with the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe.

[0018] Another example of the bearing reinforcement method of the present invention includes a connecting step of connecting a first side holder to a first stopper flange, a first protrusion, and any location on the peripheral edge of the lower shoe by predetermined connecting means, and connecting a second side holder to a second stopper flange, a second protrusion, and any location on the peripheral edge of the lower shoe by predetermined connecting means. [Effects of the Invention]

[0019] According to the bearing damage control structure of the present invention, the first and second pulling bolts pull the first and second side holders radially inward, the first side holder holds the upper surface, both sides and front surface of the first stopper flange in the state in which the first side block has been removed from the first protrusion, holds the upper surface and front surface of the first protrusion, and also holds the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending downward from the first stopper flange and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending circumferentially outward from both sides of the first stopper flange, and the second side holder is from the second protrusion The bearing damage control structure holds the top surface, both sides, and front surface of the second stopper flange with the second side block removed, holds the top surface and front surface of the second protrusion, and holds the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending downward from the second stopper flange and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the second stopper flange. As a result, the bearing damage control structure holds the existing bearing, thereby reinforcing the bearing and reinforcing existing bearings that lack sufficient resistance to seismic forces that should be considered in the current design. Even if an earthquake occurs and a large relative displacement occurs between the main structure and the supporting structure due to the shaking, and external forces due to the relative displacement are transmitted to the upper and lower shoes, the bearings reinforced by the bearing damage control structure will not be damaged by those external forces, and the bearings will be able to perform their rotational and displacement-following functions adequately. The bearing damage control structure can reliably suppress relative displacement caused by earthquakes through the reinforced bearings, thereby attenuating relative displacement caused by earthquake shaking and preventing damage to the main structure and supporting structures (deformation such as distortion, strain, and bending, cracks, fractures, damage, and collapse). Even if an earthquake occurs, the bearing damage control structure prevents damage to the main structure and supporting structures by utilizing existing bearings, thus not restricting the use of the main structure and supporting structures and enabling their continued use.

[0020] The bearing damage control structure is such that the upper part of the holder of the first side holder is in close contact with the upper surface of the first stopper flange and the upper surface of the first protrusion, one holder side of the first side holder is in close contact with one side of the first stopper flange, the other holder side of the first side holder is in close contact with the other side of the first stopper flange, the front part of the holder of the first side holder is in close contact with the front surface of the first stopper flange and the front surface of the first protrusion, the lower part of the holder of the first side holder is in close contact with the peripheral surface of the lower shoe, the upper part of the holder of the second side holder is in close contact with the upper surface of the second stopper flange and the upper surface of the second protrusion, and one holder of the second side holder Since the side portion of the second side holder is in close contact with one side of the second stopper flange, the other holder side of the second side holder is in close contact with the other side of the second stopper flange, the front of the holder of the second side holder is in close contact with the front surface of the second stopper flange and the front surface of the first protrusion, and the lower part of the holder of the second side holder is in close contact with the peripheral surface of the lower shoe, the upper part of the holder, one holder side, the other holder side, the holder front, and the holder lower part of the first and second side holders hold the existing bearing, the bearing is reinforced by the bearing damage control structure, and the bearing that is insufficient to withstand the seismic forces that should be considered in the current design can be reliably reinforced. The bearing damage control structure ensures that even if a large relative displacement occurs between the main structure and the supporting structure due to earthquake shaking, and external forces due to this relative displacement are transmitted to the upper and lower shoes, the bearings reinforced by the bearing damage control structure will not be damaged by these external forces. The bearings will be able to perform their rotational and displacement-following functions adequately, and relative displacement due to earthquakes can be reliably suppressed by utilizing the existing bearings reinforced by the bearing damage control structure. This reduces relative displacement due to earthquake shaking and prevents damage to the main structure and supporting structure.

[0021] The bearing damage control structure pulls the first side holder and the second side holder radially inward by rotating the first to fourth nuts, which are screwed onto the ends of the first and second pulling bolts, in either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, so that the upper part of the holder of the first side holder comes into close contact with the upper surface of the first stopper flange and the upper surface of the first protrusion, one side of the holder of the first side holder comes into close contact with one side of the first stopper flange, the other side of the holder of the first side holder comes into close contact with the other side of the first stopper flange, the front part of the holder of the first side holder comes into close contact with the front surface of the first stopper flange and the front surface of the first protrusion, the lower part of the holder of the first side holder comes into close contact with the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe, and the holder of the second side holder The upper part of the first and second side holders are in close contact with the upper surface of the second stopper flange and the upper surface of the second protrusion, one holder side of the second side holder is in close contact with one side of the second stopper flange, the other holder side of the second side holder is in close contact with the other side of the second stopper flange, the front of the holder of the second side holder is in close contact with the front surface of the second stopper flange and the front surface of the first protrusion, and the lower part of the holder of the second side holder is in close contact with the peripheral surface of the lower shoe. As a result, the upper part of the holder, one holder side, the other holder side, the front of the holder, and the lower part of the holder of the first and second side holders hold the existing bearing, thereby reinforcing the bearing by the bearing damage control structure, and reliably reinforcing bearings that lack sufficient strength to withstand seismic forces that should be considered in the current design. The bearing damage control structure ensures that even if a large relative displacement occurs between the main structure and the supporting structure due to earthquake shaking, and external forces due to this relative displacement are transmitted to the upper and lower shoes, the bearings reinforced by the bearing damage control structure will not be damaged by these external forces. The bearings will be able to perform their rotational and displacement-following functions adequately, and relative displacement due to earthquakes can be reliably suppressed by utilizing the existing bearings reinforced by the bearing damage control structure. This reduces relative displacement due to earthquake shaking and prevents damage to the main structure and supporting structure.

[0022] The bearing damage control structure rotates nuts screwed onto the ends of the first and second pulling bolts to pull the first and second side holders radially inward, thereby sandwiching the first and second stopper flanges of the upper shoe, the first and second protrusions of the lower shoe, and the peripheral edge of the lower shoe between the first and second side holders. The upper surfaces of the first stopper flange and the first protrusion are held in close contact with the inner surface of the upper part of the holder of the first side holder, both sides of the first stopper flange are held in close contact with the inner surface of the holder side of the first side holder, the front surface of the first stopper flange and the front surface of the first protrusion are held in close contact with the inner surface of the front part of the holder of the first side holder, and the peripheral surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe is held in close contact with the inner surface of the lower part of the holder of the first side holder. Furthermore, the upper surface of the second stopper flange and the upper surface of the second protrusion are held in close contact with the inner surface of the upper part of the holder of the second side holder, both sides of the second stopper flange are held in close contact with the inner surface of the holder sides of the second side holder, the front surface of the second stopper flange and the front surface of the second protrusion are held in close contact with the inner surface of the front part of the holder of the second side holder, and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe is held in close contact with the inner surface of the lower part of the holder of the second side holder. As a result, the upper part of the holder of the first and second side holders, one holder side, the other holder side, the holder front, and the holder lower part hold the existing bearing, thereby reinforcing the bearing by the bearing damage control structure, and reliably reinforcing the bearing that is insufficient to withstand the seismic forces that should be considered in the current design. The bearing damage control structure ensures that even if a large relative displacement occurs between the main structure and the supporting structure due to earthquake shaking, and external forces due to this relative displacement are transmitted to the upper and lower shoes, the bearings reinforced by the bearing damage control structure will not be damaged by these external forces. The bearings will be able to perform their rotational and displacement-following functions adequately, and relative displacement due to earthquakes can be reliably suppressed by utilizing the existing bearings reinforced by the bearing damage control structure. This reduces relative displacement due to earthquake shaking and prevents damage to the main structure and supporting structure.

[0023] In the bearing damage control structure, the first side holder is connected to the first stopper flange, the first protrusion, and the periphery of the lower shoe by predetermined connecting means, and the second side holder is connected to the second stopper flange, the second protrusion, and the periphery of the lower shoe by predetermined connecting means. As a result, the existing bearing is securely held by the upper part of the holder, one side of the holder, the other side of the holder, the front of the holder, and the lower part of the holder of the first and second side holders, and the bearing damage control structure can reliably reinforce bearings that have insufficient strength to withstand seismic forces that should be considered in the current design.

[0024] The bearing reinforcement method includes a side block removal step of removing the first side block from the first protrusion and removing the second side block from the second protrusion, and inserting the first pulling bolt through one side of the first side holder and one side of the second side holder, inserting the first pulling bolt through the other side of the first side holder and the other side of the second side holder, and pulling the first and second side holders radially inward with the first and second pulling bolts to bring the first and second side holders together with the first and second stopper flanges. A pulling step in which the 1st and 2nd protrusions are brought into close contact with the peripheral edge of the lower shoe; a first holding step in which the upper surface, both sides and the front surface of the first stopper flange with the first side block removed from the 1st protrusion are held by the 1st side holder, the upper surface and the front surface of the 1st protrusion are held by the 1st side holder, and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending downward from the 1st stopper flange and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the 1st stopper flange are held by the 1st side holder; and the 2nd protrusion The second holding step involves holding the upper surface, both sides, and front surface of the second stopper flange with the second side block removed by the second side holder, holding the upper surface and front surface of the second protrusion by the second side holder, and holding the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending downward from the second stopper flange and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe extending outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the second stopper flange by the second side holder, and the first and second side holders being pulled together by the first and second pull bolts - The existing bearing is held in place, and the bearing is reinforced by the first and second side holders and the first and second tension bolts. This allows for the reinforcement of existing bearings that lack sufficient strength to withstand the seismic forces that should be considered in the current design. Even if an earthquake occurs and a large relative displacement is generated between the main structure and the supporting structure due to the shaking, and external forces due to the relative displacement are transmitted to the upper and lower shoes, the bearings reinforced by the bearing damage control structure will not be damaged by these external forces, and the bearings will be able to perform their rotational and displacement-following functions.The bearing reinforcement method can reliably suppress the relative displacement caused by an earthquake by means of a bearing reinforced by first and second side holders and first and second pulling bolts, can attenuate the relative displacement caused by the shaking of an earthquake, and can prevent damage (such as deformation, distortion, bending, cracking, breaking, damage, collapse, etc.) to the main structure and the support structure. Even if an earthquake occurs, the bearing reinforcement method can prevent damage to the main structure and the support structure by using the existing bearing, so that the use of the main structure and the support structure is not restricted, and the continuous use of the main structure and the support structure can be enabled. The bearing reinforcement method can reinforce the existing bearing by removing the first and second side blocks from the first and second convex portions of the existing bearing and then attaching the first and second side holders to the bearing by the first and second pulling bolts. Therefore, the bearing can be reinforced without removing the bearing from the main structure and the support structure, and it does not require labor and time for the installation of the first and second side holders and the first and second pulling bolts, and a plurality of bearings can be efficiently reinforced in a short time.

[0025] The bearing reinforcement method is such that the upper part of the first side holder extending in the intersecting direction is in close contact with the upper surface of the first stopper flange and the upper surface of the first protrusion, and one side of the first side holder extending downward from one side portion of the upper part of the holder and located on the intersecting outer side of one side of the first stopper flange is in close contact with one side of the first stopper flange, and the first side extending downward from the other side portion of the upper part of the holder, spaced apart and facing the opposite side in the intersecting direction from one side of the holder, and located on the intersecting outer side of the other side of the first stopper flange The other side of the side holder is in close contact with the other side of the first stopper flange, and the front part of the first side holder, which extends in a cross direction between these holder sides, is in close contact with the front surface of the first stopper flange and the front surface of the first protrusion, the lower part of the first side holder, which is located below the front part of the holder and extends in a cross direction, is in close contact with the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe, and the upper part of the second side holder, which extends in a cross direction, is in close contact with the upper surface of the second stopper flange and the upper surface of the second protrusion, and from one side of the upper part of the holder downwards One holder side of the second side holder, which extends in the direction and is located outward in the intersecting direction of one side of the second stopper flange, is in close contact with one side of the second stopper flange, and the other holder side of the second side holder, which extends downward from the other side of the upper part of the holder, spaced apart from the one holder side in the opposite direction in the intersecting direction and is located outward in the intersecting direction of the other side of the second stopper flange, is in close contact with the other side of the second stopper flange, and between these holder sides, the second side holder extends in the intersecting direction Since the front of the holder is in close contact with the front surface of the second stopper flange and the front surface of the second protrusion, and the lower part of the second side holder, which is located below the front of the holder and extends in a cross direction, is in close contact with the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe, the upper part of the first and second side holders, one side of the holder, the other side of the holder, the front of the holder, and the lower part of the holder of the first and second side holders hold the existing support, the first and second side holders and the first and second tensioning bolts can reliably reinforce the support that is insufficient to withstand the seismic forces that should be considered in the current design.The support reinforcement method can surely suppress the relative displacement caused by an earthquake by means of supports reinforced by the first and second side holders and the first and second pulling bolts, can attenuate the relative displacement caused by the shaking of the earthquake, and can prevent damage (such as deformation like distortion, strain, bending, cracking, fracture, damage, collapse, etc.) to the main structure and the support structure.

[0026] In the support reinforcement method, the first side holder is connected to any location on the first stopper flange, the first convex part, and the peripheral part of the bottom board through a connecting process, and the second side holder is connected to any location on the second stopper flange, the second convex part, and the peripheral part of the bottom board. Therefore, the existing support is surely held by the upper part of the holders, one side part of the holders, the other side part of the holders, the front part of the holders, and the lower part of the holders of the first and second side holders, and a support with insufficient bearing capacity against the seismic force to be considered in the current design can be surely reinforced by the support damage control structure.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0027] [Figure 1] Perspective view of a high-strength brass support plate support. [Figure 2] Perspective view showing an example of a bridge where a high-strength brass support plate support is installed. [Figure 3] Front perspective view showing an example of the first and second side holders. [Figure 4] Rear perspective view of the first and second side holders. [Figure 5] Front view of the first and second side holders. [Figure 6] Bottom view of the first and second side holders. [Figure 7] Perspective view showing an example of the first and second pulling rods. [Figure 8] Perspective view of the high-strength brass support plate support with the first and second side blocks removed. [Figure 9] Upper perspective view of the high-strength brass support plate support with the support damage control structure attached. [Figure 10] Lower perspective view of the high-strength brass support plate support with the support damage control structure attached. [Figure 11] Decompressed perspective view of a sealed rubber bearing plate before the installation of the bearing damage control structure. [Figure 12] An exploded perspective view of a sealed rubber bearing plate showing the state in which the bearing damage control structure is installed. [Figure 13] A graph comparing the load-bearing capacity against displacement of high-strength brass plate bearings and sealed rubber plate bearings before reinforcement by the bearing damage control structure, and the load-bearing capacity against displacement of high-strength brass plate bearings and sealed rubber plate bearings after reinforcement by the bearing damage control structure. [Figure 14] An exploded perspective view of a high-strength brass plate bearing, shown as an example. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0028] Referring to the attached drawings, the details of the bearing damage control structure and bearing reinforcement method according to the present invention are as follows. Figure 1 is a perspective view of the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A, and Figure 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a bridge 11 on which the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A is installed. Figure 3 is a front perspective view showing an example of the first and second side holders 33a and 33b, and Figure 4 is a rear perspective view of the first and second side holders 33a and 33b.

[0029] Figure 5 is a front view of the first and second side holders 33a and 33b, and Figure 6 is a bottom view of the first and second side holders 33a and 33b. Figure 7 is a perspective view showing an example of the first and second pull rods 34a and 34b, and Figure 8 is a perspective view of the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A with the first and second side blocks 18a and 18b removed. Figure 9 is an upper perspective view of the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A with the bearing damage control structure 32 attached, and Figure 10 is a lower perspective view of the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A with the bearing damage control structure 32 attached. In Figure 1, the radial direction is indicated by arrow X, the intersecting direction by arrow Y, and the vertical direction by arrow Z.

[0030] The high-strength brass bearing plate 10A (BP-A) (bearing) shown in Figure 1 and the sealed rubber bearing plate 10B (BP-B) (bearing) shown in Figures 8 and 9 below are installed between the main structure and the supporting structure. The main structure is the superstructure 12 of the bridge 11, as shown in Figure 2, and the supporting structure is the substructure 13 of the bridge 11 that supports the superstructure 12. The bridge 11 includes small bridges, large bridges, highway bridges, elevated bridges (elevated and super-elevated), and railway bridges. In addition, the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A and the sealed rubber bearing plate 10B may be installed (placed) between buildings (main structures) such as skyscrapers, high-rise buildings, mid-rise buildings, low-rise buildings, RC or SRC apartments, and RC detached houses and the foundations (supporting structures) that support the buildings, and may also be used as base isolation at the base of columns on the intermediate floors of the superstructure.

[0031] The high-strength brass plate bearing 10A and the sealed rubber plate bearing 10B allow and suppress horizontal and compressive displacements when small-scale or medium-scale vibrations from a small- or medium-scale earthquake of magnitude 1 to 4 act on the superstructure 12 (bridge girder) and substructure 13 (bridge abutment or pier) of the bridge 11, causing at least one of horizontal and compressive displacements between the superstructure 12 and substructure 13. Furthermore, when large-scale vibrations from a large-scale earthquake of magnitude 5 or higher act on the superstructure 12 and substructure 13 of the bridge 11, causing at least one of horizontal, rotational, and compressive displacements between the superstructure 12 and substructure 13, they suppress horizontal, rotational, and compressive displacements. In addition, they also follow horizontal displacements due to expansion and contraction of the superstructure 12 (bridge girder) during normal times, as well as rotational and compressive displacements of the girder caused by the load.

[0032] Furthermore, high-strength brass plate bearings 10A and sealed rubber plate bearings 10B may be used in pile-head seismic isolation or column-base seismic isolation. In pile-head seismic isolation, high-strength brass plate bearings 10A and sealed rubber plate bearings 10B are installed on top of the pile section (foundation) (substructure) (not shown) (pile head). Piles (material) include material steel pipe piles and concrete piles. Piles (construction method) include embedded piles, pre-bored piles, excavated piles and rotary piles. In column-base seismic isolation, high-strength brass plate bearings 10A and sealed rubber plate bearings 10B are installed on top of the column-base section (foundation) (substructure) (not shown). Column bases include exposed column bases, root-wrapped column bases and embedded column bases.

[0033] The existing high-strength brass bearing plate 10A installed on bridge 11, as described in the exploded perspective view of Figure 14, comprises an upper shoe 14 (upper base plate) and a lower shoe 15 (lower base plate) arranged vertically, a seal ring 16 and a bearing plate 17 (bearing plate), and first and second side blocks 18a and 18b. In the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A, the components are arranged in the order of upper shoe 14 → seal ring 16 → bearing plate 17 → lower shoe 15 from top to bottom in the vertical direction.

[0034] The upper shoe 14 is made of steel such as SS400, SM490, SC450, SCW480, stainless steel, or cast steel or alloy, and its planar shape is formed into a substantially rectangular shape of a predetermined area. The upper shoe 14 has a first stopper flange 19a with a first recess 20a that is recessed radially inward, extending in one radial direction, and a second stopper flange 19b with a second recess 20b that is recessed radially inward, extending in the other radial direction. A stainless steel plate (SUS plate) (not shown) is installed on the lower surface of the upper shoe 14. The stainless steel plate (SUS plate) has a planar shape that is formed into a substantially octagon of a predetermined area.

[0035] The second stopper flange 19b is spaced apart from the first stopper flange 19a on the opposite radial direction. Multiple bolt holes 21 extending vertically are formed (drilled) in the upper shoe 14. The upper shoe 14 is fixed to the lower surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel that forms the superstructure 12 (bridge girder) of the bridge 11 by screwing multiple set bolts 22 into the bolt holes 21 of the upper shoe 14 and the bolt holes 21 of the H-shaped steel.

[0036] The lower shoe 15 is made of steel such as SS400, SM490, SC450, SCW480, stainless steel, or cast steel or alloy, and is formed into a roughly bottomed hemispherical shape. A concave curved surface portion 23 that recesses downward is formed in the center of the upper surface of the lower shoe 15. The bearing plate 17 is housed in the concave curved surface portion 23. The lower shoe 15 has a first protrusion 24a that fits into the first recess 20a of the first stopper flange 19a and extends upward from the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15, and a second protrusion 24b that fits into the second recess 20b of the second stopper flange 19b and extends upward from the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15. The first protrusion 24a is spaced apart from the second protrusion 24b on the opposite radial direction. The peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 is located radially outward from the concave curved surface 23 and is formed into a disc shape, extending in a direction circumferential to the concave curved surface 23 with the concave curved surface 23 as the center.

[0037] Multiple bolt holes 26 extending in the radial direction are formed (drilled) in the first and second protrusions 24a and 24b. The lower shoe 15 is fixed to the upper surface of the bridge 11's substructure 13 (bridge pier) by multiple anchor bolts (not shown) extending downward from its lower surface. The upper shoe 14 and lower shoe 15 are stacked vertically on top of each other with the first protrusion 24a of the lower shoe 15 fitted into the first recess 20a of the upper shoe 14, and the second protrusion 24b of the lower shoe 15 fitted into the second recess 20b of the upper shoe 14. Multiple bolt holes 31 extending in the radial direction are formed (drilled) in the first and second vertical portions 29a and 29b of the first and second side blocks 18a and 18b.

[0038] The bearing plate 17 is made of high-strength brass casting type 4B (HB), a copper alloy in which alloying elements such as manganese, iron, and aluminum are added to a copper-zinc alloy with copper as the main component. S It is made from C4. The bearing plate 17 is hard and has excellent load-bearing capacity and wear resistance. To reduce friction with the upper shoe 14 and lower shoe 15, ring-shaped holes 4 to 8 mm deep are made in the friction surface of the bearing plate 17 (25 to 30% of the sliding surface), and graphite is press-fitted into these holes as a solid lubricant so that it protrudes about 0.5 to 1 mm from the surface.

[0039] The bearing plate 17 has an upper surface, a lower surface, and an annular outer surface extending between the upper and lower surfaces. The upper surface (contact surface) of the bearing plate 17 is formed into a circular planar shape of a predetermined area. A convex curved surface portion 27 that protrudes downward is formed on the lower surface of the bearing plate 17. The bearing plate 17 supports the vertical load by making surface contact with the upper shoe 14 and the lower shoe 15, and follows the horizontal deformation at the planar contact portion with the upper shoe 14, and follows the rotational deformation by sliding motion at the curved contact portion with the lower shoe 15.

[0040] The seal ring 16 is made of chloroprene rubber and is molded into an annular (ring-shaped) form. The seal ring 16 has an upper end circumferential surface and a lower end circumferential surface, and is elastically deformable due to its rubber elasticity. The bearing plate 17 and the seal ring 16 are positioned between the upper shoe 14 and the lower shoe 15 with the seal ring 16 on top and the bearing plate 17 on the bottom, and are installed in the center of the shoes 14 and 15. The convex curved surface portion 27 of the bearing plate 17 is fitted into the concave curved surface portion 23 of the lower shoe 15.

[0041] With the first horizontal portion 28a of the first side block 18a overlapping the upper surface of the first stopper flange 19a and the upper surface of the first protrusion 24a, and the first vertical portion 29a of the first side block 18a overlapping the front surface of the first protrusion 24a of the lower shoe 15, a plurality of first fixing bolts 30a are screwed into the bolt screw holes 26 of the first protrusion 24a and the bolt screw holes 31 of the first vertical portion 29a. With the second horizontal portion 28b of the second side block 18b overlapping the upper surface of the second stopper flange 19b and the upper surface of the second protrusion 24b, and the second vertical portion 29b of the second side block 18b overlapping the front surface of the second protrusion 24b of the lower shoe 15, a plurality of second fixing bolts 30b are screwed into the bolt screw holes 26 of the second protrusion 24b and the bolt screw holes 31 of the second vertical portion 29b. The fixing bolts 30a and 30b are screwed into the bolt holes 26 and 31, thereby connecting and fixing the first and second side blocks 18a and 18b to the upper shoe 14 and lower shoe 15, and also connecting and fixing the upper shoe 14 and the lower shoe 15.

[0042] The high-strength brass bearing plate 10A has a rotational function that absorbs movement and rotation through the sliding function exhibited by the convex curved surface 27 of the bearing plate 17 (bearing plate) against the concave curved surface 23 of the lower shoe 15, as well as a displacement-following function and a relative displacement damping function. Therefore, it absorbs and dampens the relative displacement that occurs between the superstructure 12 (bridge girder) and the substructure 13 (bridge pier) of the bridge 11. However, if the seismic force assumed in the design of the existing bearing is small, and after it is installed on the bridge pier 11 the bearing capacity of the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A is insufficient for the seismic force that should be considered in the current design, the first and second convex parts 24a and 24b of the lower shoe 15 will become weak, and for example, if a large relative displacement occurs between the superstructure 12 and the substructure 13 of the bridge 11 due to a large earthquake, the first convex part 24a and the second convex part 24b may be damaged.

[0043] When reinforcing the load-bearing capacity of existing high-strength brass plate bearings 10A already installed on bridge 11, one might consider removing the high-strength brass plate bearings 10A from bridge 11, applying some kind of reinforcement to the removed bearings, and then reattaching the reinforced bearings 10A to bridge 11. However, removing each of the enormous number of high-strength brass plate bearings 10A installed on bridge 11 one by one and then reattaching the reinforced bearings 10A to bridge 11 would be extremely time-consuming, laborious, and costly, making it impractical. Therefore, it is desirable to reinforce the high-strength brass plate bearings 10A while they are still installed on bridge 11, without removing them from the bridge 11. The bearing damage control structure 32 was designed based on such requirements.

[0044] Furthermore, the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A reinforced by the bearing damage control structure 32 also includes, in addition to the one shown in the figure, a high-strength brass bearing plate 10A in which a sliding plate or solid lubricant is interposed between the seal ring 16 and the bearing plate 17, and a movable bearing in which a space in an intersecting direction is formed between the first recess 20a of the upper shoe 14 and the first protrusion 24a of the lower shoe 15, and a space in an intersecting direction is formed between the second recess 20b of the upper shoe 14 and the second protrusion 24b of the lower shoe 15. The sliding plate or solid lubricant is placed between the seal ring 16 and the bearing plate 17. The sliding plate is the same as that of the sealed rubber bearing plate 10B described later.

[0045] The bearing damage control structure 32 is formed from a first side holder 33a and a second side holder 33b extending in the intersecting direction, a first pull bolt 34a and a second pull bolt 34b extending in the radial direction, a first nut to a fourth nut 35a to 35d, and connecting means. The first side holder 33a is made of steel such as SS400, SM490, SCW480, stainless steel, or cast steel or alloy. The hardness of the first side holder 33a is approximately the same as that of the upper shoe 14 and lower shoe 15 of the high-strength brass bearing plate bearing 10A.

[0046] The first side holder 33a has a rectangular prism-shaped upper holder portion 36a extending in a cross direction, a rectangular prism-shaped side portion 37a extending downward from one side of the upper holder portion 36a, a rectangular prism-shaped other side portion 38a extending downward from the other side of the upper holder portion 36a, a rectangular prism-shaped front holder portion 39a extending in a cross direction between the side portions 37a and 38a, and a lower holder portion 40a located below the front portion 39a and extending in a cross direction. The upper holder portion 36a, the side portions 37a and 38a, the front holder portion 39a, and the lower holder portion 40a are integrally molded.

[0047] The first side holder 33a has a first hold space 41a that is surrounded by the upper part 36a of the holder, the side parts 37a, 38a of the holder, the front part 39a of the holder, and the lower part 40a of the holder, and is convex radially outward. One holder side part 37a of the first side holder 33a has a first through hole 42a (a clearance hole) that extends radially formed (perforated). The other holder side part 38a of the first side holder 33a has a third through hole 42c (a clearance hole) that extends radially formed (perforated).

[0048] The upper part 36a of the first side holder 33a is in close contact with the upper surface of the first stopper flange 19a and the upper surface of the first protrusion 24a when the first side block 18a has been removed from the first protrusion 24a, and holds (retains) the entire upper surface of the first stopper flange 19a and the entire upper surface of the first protrusion 24a. One side of the first side holder 33a, the holder side portion 37a, is located on the outside in the intersecting direction of one side surface of the first stopper flange 19a, is in close contact with one side surface of the first stopper flange 19a, and holds (retains) the entire side surface of the first stopper flange 19a.

[0049] The other holder side portion 38a of the first side holder 33a is located on the outside in the direction of intersection with the other side surface of the first stopper flange 19a, and is in close contact with the other side surface of the first stopper flange 19a, holding (retaining) the entire side surface of the first stopper flange 19a. The front holder portion 39a of the first side holder 33a is in close contact with the front surface of the first stopper flange 19a and the front surface of the first protrusion 24a when the first side block 18a has been removed from the first protrusion 24a, and is holding (retaining) the entire front surface of the first stopper flange 19a and the entire front surface of the first protrusion 24a. The lower holder portion 40a of the first side holder 33a is in close contact with the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge portion 25 of the lower shoe 15, and is holding (retaining) the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge portion 25 of the lower shoe 15. Therefore, the first side holder 33a holds (retains) the first stopper flange 19a, the first protrusion 24a, and the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15, in the state in which the first side block 18a has been removed from the first protrusion 24a.

[0050] The second side holder 33b is made of the same steel, cast steel, or alloy as the first side holder 33a. The hardness of the second side holder 33b is approximately the same as that of the upper shoe 14 and lower shoe 15 of the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A.

[0051] The second side holder 33b has a rectangular prism-shaped upper holder portion 36b extending in a cross direction, a rectangular prism-shaped side portion 37b extending downward from one side of the upper holder portion 36b, a rectangular prism-shaped other side portion 38b extending downward from the other side of the upper holder portion 36b, a rectangular prism-shaped front holder portion 39b extending in a cross direction between the side portions 37b and 38b, and a lower holder portion 40b located below the front holder portion 39b and extending in a cross direction. The upper holder portion 36b, the side portions 37b and 38b, the front holder portion 39b, and the lower holder portion 40b are integrally molded.

[0052] The second side holder 33b has a second holding space 41b that is surrounded by the upper part 36b of the holder, the side parts 37b and 38b of the holder, the front part 39b of the holder, and the lower part 40b of the holder, and is convex radially outward. One holder side part 37b of the second side holder 33b has a second through hole 42b (a clearance hole) that extends radially formed (perforated). The other holder side part 38b of the second side holder 33b has a fourth through hole 42d (a clearance hole) that extends radially formed (perforated).

[0053] The upper part 36b of the second side holder 33b is in close contact with the upper surface of the second stopper flange 19b and the upper surface of the second protrusion 24b when the second side block 18b is removed from the second protrusion 24b, and holds (retains) the entire upper surface of the second stopper flange 19b and the entire upper surface of the second protrusion 24b. One holder side portion 37b of the second side holder 33b is located outward in the direction of intersection with one side surface of the second stopper flange 19b, and is in close contact with one side surface of the second stopper flange 19b, and holds (retains) the entire side surface of the second stopper flange 19b.

[0054] The other holder side portion 38b of the second side holder 33b is located outward in the direction of intersection with the other side surface of the second stopper flange 19b, and is in close contact with the other side surface of the second stopper flange 19b, holding (retaining) the side pocket of the second stopper flange 19b. The holder front portion 39b of the second side holder 33b is in close contact with the front surface of the second stopper flange 19b and the front surface of the second protrusion 24b when the second side block 18b has been removed from the second protrusion 24b, and holds (retains) the entire front surface of the second stopper flange 19b and the entire front surface of the second protrusion 24b. The holder lower portion 40b of the second side holder 33b is in close contact with the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge portion 25 of the lower shoe 15, and holds (retains) the peripheral edge portion 25 of the lower shoe 15. Therefore, the second side holder 33b holds (retains) the second stopper flange 19b, the second protrusion 24b, and the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15, in the state where the second side block 18b has been removed from the second protrusion 24b.

[0055] The first and second tension bolts 34a and 34b are made from the same steel material as the first and second side holders 33a and 33b, and are formed into long radial rod shapes. The hardness of the first and second tension bolts 34a and 34b is approximately twice that of the upper and lower shoes 14 and 15 of the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A and the first and second side holders 33a and 33b.

[0056] The first tension bolt 34a has one end 44a (one end) on which a screw 43 is formed, another end 45a (the other end) on which a screw 43 is formed located on the radially opposite side of the one end 44, and an intermediate portion 46a extending between the one end 44a and the other end 45a. The second tension bolt 34b has one end 44b (one end) on which a screw 43 is formed, another end 45b (the other end) on which a screw 43 is formed located on the radially opposite side of the one end 44b, and an intermediate portion 46b extending between the one end 44b and the other end 45b.

[0057] The first to fourth nuts 35a to 35d are made of the same steel as the first and second side holders 33a and 33b. The first nut 35a is screwed onto a thread 43 formed on one end 44a of the first tension bolt 34a. The second nut 35b is screwed onto a thread 43 formed on the other end 45a of the first tension bolt 34a. The third nut 35c is screwed onto a thread 43 formed on one end 44b of the second tension bolt 34b. The fourth nut 35d is screwed onto a thread 43 formed on the other end 45b of the second tension bolt 34b.

[0058] An example of a bearing reinforcement method for attaching the bearing damage control structure 32 to the existing high-strength brass bearing plate 10A is as follows. In this bearing reinforcement method, the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A is reinforced while it is installed on the bridge 11, without removing the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A from the bridge 11. First, the first fixing bolt 30a is removed from the bolt screw hole 26 of the first protrusion 24a of the lower shoe 15 and the bolt screw hole 31 of the first vertical part 29a of the first side block 18a, thereby releasing the connection between the lower shoe 15 and the first side block 18a. The second fixing bolt 30b is removed from the bolt screw hole 26 of the second protrusion 24b of the lower shoe 15 and the bolt screw hole 31 of the second vertical portion 29b of the second side block 18b, thereby releasing the connection between the lower shoe 15 and the second side block 18b. After releasing the connection between the lower shoe 15 and the first and second side blocks 18a and 18b, the first and second side blocks 18a and 18b are removed from the high-strength brass support plate support 10A (side block removal process).

[0059] Next, the first hold space 40a of the first side holder 33a is fitted onto the first stopper flange 19a of the upper shoe 14 and the first protrusion 24a of the lower shoe 15, and the second hold space 40b of the second side holder 33b is fitted onto the second stopper flange 19b of the upper shoe 14 and the second protrusion 24b of the lower shoe 15 (side holder placement step). When the first hold space 40a is fitted onto the first stopper flange 19a and the first protrusion 24a, the inner surface of the upper part 36a of the holder of the first side holder 33a comes into contact with the upper surface of the first stopper flange 19a and the upper surface of the first protrusion 24a, one holder side portion 37a of the first side holder 33a is positioned outward in the intersecting direction of one side surface of the first stopper flange 19a, and the inner surface of one holder side portion 37a comes into contact with one side surface of the first stopper flange 19a.

[0060] The other holder side portion 38a of the first side holder 33a is located outward in the direction of intersection with the other side surface of the first stopper flange 19a, the inner surface of the other holder side portion 38a abuts against the other side surface of the first stopper flange 19a, the inner surface of the holder front portion 39a of the first side holder 33a abuts against the front surface of the first stopper flange 19a and the front surface of the first protrusion 24a, and the lower holder portion 40a of the first side holder 33a abuts against the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge portion 25 of the lower shoe 15 that extends downward below the first stopper flange 19a and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge portion 25 of the lower shoe 15 that extends outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the first stopper flange 19a.

[0061] When the second hold space 40b is fitted into the second stopper flange 19b and the second protrusion 24b, the inner surface of the upper part 36b of the second side holder 33b comes into contact with the upper surface of the second stopper flange 19b and the upper surface of the second protrusion 24b, one holder side portion 37b of the second side holder 33b is positioned outward in the direction of intersection with one side of the second stopper flange 19b, and the inner surface of one holder side portion 37b comes into contact with one side of the second stopper flange 19b.

[0062] The other holder side portion 38b of the second side holder 33b is located outward in the direction of intersection with the other side surface of the second stopper flange 19b, the inner surface of the other holder side portion 38b abuts against the other side surface of the second stopper flange 19b, the inner surface of the holder front portion 39b of the second side holder 33b abuts against the front surface of the second stopper flange 19b and the front surface of the second protrusion 24b, and the lower holder portion 40b of the second side holder 33b abuts against the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge portion 25 of the lower shoe 15 that extends downward from the second stopper flange 19b and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge portion 25 of the lower shoe 15 that extends outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the second stopper flange 19b.

[0063] Next, insert one end 44a of the first pull bolt 34a into the first insertion hole 42a formed in one holder side portion 37a of the first side holder 33a. Then, move the first pull bolt 34a radially from the first insertion hole 42a towards the second insertion hole 42b so that the other end 45a of the first pull bolt 34a faces the second insertion hole 42b formed in one holder side portion 37b of the second side holder 33b. The other end 45a of bolt 34a is inserted into the second insertion hole 42b of one holder side portion 37a of the second side holder 33b, so that one end 44a (one end) of the first pulling bolt 34a is inserted into the first insertion hole 42a of one holder side portion 37a of the first side holder 33a, and the other end 45a of the first pulling bolt 34a is inserted into the second insertion hole 42b of one holder side portion 37b of the second side holder 33b.

[0064] When both ends 44a and 45a of the first pulling bolt 34a are inserted into the first and second insertion holes 42a and 42b, the middle portion 46a of the first pulling bolt 34a is located between one holder side 37a of the first side holder 33a and one holder side 37b of the second side holder 33b. A portion of one end 44a of the first pulling bolt 34a is exposed radially outward from the first insertion hole 42a of one holder side 37a of the first side holder 33a, and a portion of the other end 45a of the first pulling bolt 34a is exposed radially outward from the second insertion hole 42b of one holder side 37b of the second side holder 33b. With parts of both ends 44a and 45a of the first tension bolt 34a exposed radially outward from the first and second insertion holes 42a and 42b, the first nut 35a is screwed onto the thread 43 formed on one end 44a of the first tension bolt 34a, and the second nut 35b is screwed onto the thread 43 formed on the other end 45a of the first tension bolt 34a.

[0065] After inserting the other end 45b (the other end) of the second pulling bolt 34b into the third insertion hole 42c formed in the other holder side portion 38a of the first side holder 33a, the second pulling bolt 34b is moved radially from the third insertion hole 42c towards the fourth insertion hole 42d so that the other end 45b of the second pulling bolt 34b faces the fourth insertion hole 42d formed in the other holder side portion 38b of the second side holder 33b, and the second pulling bolt The other end 45b of 34b is inserted into the fourth insertion hole 42d of the other holder side 38b of the second side holder 33b, and one end 44b (one end) of the second pulling bolt 34b is inserted into the third insertion hole 42c of the other holder side 38a of the first side holder 33a, while the other end 45b of the second pulling bolt 34b is inserted into the fourth insertion hole 42d of the other holder side 38b of the second side holder 33b.

[0066] When both ends 44b and 45b of the second pulling bolt 34b are inserted into the third and fourth insertion holes 42c and 42d, the middle portion 46b of the second pulling bolt 34b is positioned between the other holder side 38a of the first side holder 33a and the other holder side 38b of the second side holder 33b. A portion of one end 44b of the second pulling bolt 34b is exposed radially outward through the third insertion hole 42c of the other holder side 38a of the first side holder 33a, and a portion of the other end 45b of the second pulling bolt 34b is exposed radially outward through the fourth insertion hole 42d of the other holder side 38b of the second side holder 33b. With parts of both ends 44b and 45b of the second tension bolt 34b exposed radially outward through the third and fourth insertion holes 42c and 42d, the third nut 35c is screwed onto the thread 43 formed on one end 44b of the second tension bolt 34b, and the fourth nut 35d is screwed onto the thread 43 formed on the other end 45b of the second tension bolt 34b.

[0067] After screwing the first to fourth nuts 35a to 35d onto both ends 44a, 44b, 45a, and 45b of the first and second tension bolts 34a and 34b, rotate the first nut 35a clockwise while viewing the first tension bolt 34a from one end 44a to the other end 45a, and rotate the second nut 35b clockwise while viewing the first tension bolt 34a from the other end 45a. Furthermore, rotate the third nut 35c clockwise while viewing the second tension bolt 34b from one end 44b to the other end 45b, and rotate the fourth nut 35d clockwise while viewing the second tension bolt 34b from the other end 45b to the one end 44b.

[0068] When the first to fourth nuts 35a to 35d, which are screwed onto both ends 44a, 44b, 45a, and 45b of the first and second tension bolts 34a and 34b, are rotated clockwise, the first nut 35a gradually moves radially inward from one end 44a of the first tension bolt 34a toward the other end 45a of the first tension bolt 34a, and the second nut 35b moves radially inward from the other end 45a of the first tension bolt 34a The tension bolt 34a gradually moves radially inward toward one end 44a, the third nut 35c gradually moves radially inward toward the other end 45b of the second tension bolt 34b at one end 44b (one end), and the fourth nut 35d gradually moves radially inward toward the one end 44b of the second tension bolt 34b at the other end 45b of the second tension bolt 34b.

[0069] As the first and second nuts 35a and 35b gradually move radially inward, the first side holder 33a is gradually pulled radially inward toward the second side holder 33b by the first pulling bolt 34a, and the second side holder 33b is gradually pulled radially inward toward the first side holder 33a, so that the first and second side holders 33a and 33b come into close contact with the first and second stopper flanges 19a and 19b, the first and second protrusions 24a and 24b, and the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 (pulling process).

[0070] As the third and fourth nuts 35c and 35d gradually move radially inward, the second pulling bolt 34b gradually pulls the first side holder 33a radially inward toward the second side holder 33b, and the second side holder 33b is also gradually pulled radially inward toward the first side holder 33a, so that the first and second side holders 33a and 33b come into close contact with the first and second stopper flanges 19a and 19b, the first and second protrusions 24a and 24b, and the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 (pulling process).

[0071] In the pulling process, the first to fourth nuts 35a to 35d, which are screwed onto both ends 44a, 44b, 45a, and 45b of the first and second pulling bolts 34a and 34b, are rotated clockwise to pull the first side holder 33a and the second side holder 33b radially inward, so that the first and second stopper flanges 19a and 19b of the upper shoe 14, the first and second protrusions 24a and 24b of the lower shoe 15, and the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 are sandwiched between the first side holder 33a and the second side holder 33b.

[0072] The first to fourth nuts 35a to 35d, which are screwed onto both ends 44a, 44b, 45a, and 45b of the first and second pulling bolts 34a and 34b, are tightened to complete the pulling process. At the end of this process, the entire upper surface, both sides, and the entire front surface of the first stopper flange 19a, with the first side block 18a removed from the first protrusion 24a, are held (closely held) by the first side holder 33a. The entire upper surface and the entire front surface of the first protrusion 24a are held (closely held) by the first side holder 33a, and the circumferential surfaces of the peripheral edges 25 of the lower shoe 15 extending downward from the first stopper flange 19a and the circumferential surfaces of the peripheral edges 25 of the lower shoe 15 extending outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the first stopper flange 19a are also held (closely held) by the first side holder 33a (first holding process).

[0073] With the second side block 18b removed from the second protrusion 24b, the entire upper surface, both sides, and the entire front surface of the second stopper flange 19b are held (closely held) by the second side holder 33b, and the entire upper surface and the entire front surface of the second protrusion b 24b are held (closely held) by the second side holder 33b, while the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 extending downward from the second stopper flange 19b and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 extending outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the second stopper flange 19b are held (closely held) by the second side holder 33b (second holding step).

[0074] In the first holding step, the first and second side holders 33a and 33b are pulled radially inward by the pulling step, so that the inner surface of the upper part 36a of the first side holder 33a comes into close contact with the entire upper surface of the first stopper flange 19a and the entire upper surface of the first protrusion 24a, and the inner surface of one holder side 37a of the first side holder 33a comes into close contact with the entire side surface of one of the first stopper flange 19a. The inner surface of the other holder side 38a of the first side holder 33a comes into close contact with the entire other side surface of the first stopper flange 19a, the inner surface of the front holder 39a of the first side holder 33a comes into close contact with the entire front surface of the first stopper flange 19a and the entire front surface of the first protrusion 24a, and the inner surface of the lower part 40a of the first side holder 33a comes into close contact with the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15.

[0075] In the second holding step, the first and second side holders 33a and 33b are pulled radially inward by the pulling step, so that the inner surface of the upper part 36a of the second side holder 33b comes into close contact with the entire upper surface of the second stopper flange 19b and the entire upper surface of the second protrusion 24b, and the inner surface of one holder side 37b of the second side holder 33b comes into close contact with the entire side surface of one of the second stopper flange 19b. The inner surface of the other holder side 38b of the second side holder 33b comes into close contact with the entire other side surface of the second stopper flange 19b, the inner surface of the front holder 39b of the second side holder 33b comes into close contact with the entire front surface of the second stopper flange 19b and the entire front surface of the second protrusion 24b, and the inner surface of the lower holder 40b of the second side holder 33b comes into close contact with the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15.

[0076] After performing the first and second holding steps, the first side holder 33a is welded at any point on the first stopper flange 19a, the first protrusion 24a, or the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15, thereby connecting the first side holder 33a to the first stopper flange 19a, the first protrusion 24a, or the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 14 (connecting step). Furthermore, the second side holder 33b is welded at any point on the second stopper flange 19b, the second protrusion 24b, or the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15, thereby connecting the second side holder 33b to the second stopper flange 19b, the second protrusion 24b, or the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 (connecting step).

[0077] Furthermore, in the state shown in Figure 7, where the first and second side holders 33a and 33b are pulled radially inward by the pulling process, when the first to fourth nuts 35a to 35d, which are screwed onto both ends 44a, 44b, 45a, and 45b of the first and second pulling bolts 34a and 34b, are rotated counterclockwise, the first nut 35a gradually moves radially outward toward the tip of one end 44a of the first pulling bolt 34a, the second nut 35b gradually moves radially outward toward the tip of the other end 45a of the first pulling bolt 34a, the third nut 35c gradually moves radially outward toward the tip of one end 44b of the second pulling bolt 34b, and the fourth nut 35d gradually moves radially outward toward the tip of the other end 45b of the second pulling bolt 34b. By removing the first to fourth nuts 35a to 35d from the first and second tension bolts 34a and 34b, and removing the first and second tension bolts 34a and 34b from the first to fourth insertion holes 42a to 42d, the first side holder 33a can be removed from the first stopper flange 19a and the first protrusion 24a, and the second side holder 33b can be removed from the second stopper flange 19b and the second protrusion 24b.

[0078] As a connection method for the connecting means, adhesive can be used, or first and second fixing bolts 30a and 30b can be used. Furthermore, at least two of the connection methods among welding, adhesive, and first and second fixing bolts 30a and 30b can be utilized. When using adhesive as the connection method, adhesive is applied to the inner surfaces of the upper parts 36a, 36b of the first and second side holders 33a, 33b, the inner surfaces of one holder side 37a, 37b, the inner surfaces of the other holder side 38a, 38b, the inner surfaces of the front parts 39a, 39b, and the inner surfaces of the lower parts 40a, 40b of the holders, or adhesive is applied to the upper and front surfaces of the first and second stopper flanges 19a, 19b, the upper and front surfaces of the first and second protrusions 24a, 24b, one side and the other side of the first and second stopper flanges 19a, 19b, and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15, and then the first and second side holders 33a, 33b are pulled radially inward by a pulling process. The first and second side holders 33a and 33b are bonded and fixed to the first and second stopper flanges 19a and 19b, the first and second protrusions 24a and 24b, and the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 using adhesive (connecting process).

[0079] When using the first and second fixing bolts 30a and 30b as the connection method, for example, a bolt screw hole or through hole is formed in the front part 39a of the holder of the first side holder 33a, and a bolt screw hole or through hole is formed in the front part 39b of the holder of the second side holder 33b. After the first and second side holders 33a and 33b are pulled radially inward by the pulling process, the first fixing bolt 30a is inserted and screwed into the bolt screw hole or through hole of the first side holder 33a and the bolt screw hole 26 formed in the first protrusion 24a of the lower shoe 15, thereby connecting and fixing the first side holder 33a to the first protrusion 24a with the first fixing bolt 30a (connecting process). The second fixing bolt 30b is inserted and screwed into the bolt screw hole or through hole of the second side holder 33b and the bolt screw hole 26 formed in the second protrusion 24b of the lower shoe 15, thereby connecting and fixing the second side holder 33b to the second protrusion 24b with the second fixing bolt 30b (connecting step).

[0080] Alternatively, bolt holes or through holes may be formed in predetermined locations on the first and second side holders 33a and 33b, and bolt holes may be formed in corresponding locations on the first and second stopper flanges 19a and 19b, the first and second protrusions 24a and 24b of the high-strength brass support plate bearing 10A, and the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15, corresponding to the bolt holes or through holes formed in the first and second side holders 33a and 33b. Fixing bolts may be inserted and screwed into the bolt holes or through holes in the first and second side holders 33a and 33b and the corresponding bolt holes in the high-strength brass support plate bearing 10A, thereby connecting and fixing the first and second side holders 33a and 33b to the first and second stopper flanges 19a and 19b, the first and second protrusions 24a and 24b of the high-strength brass support plate bearing 10A and the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 using the fixing bolts (connecting process).

[0081] Figure 11 is an exploded perspective view of the sealed rubber bearing plate 10B before the bearing damage control structure 32 is installed, and Figure 12 is an exploded perspective view of the sealed rubber bearing plate 10B with the bearing damage control structure 32 installed. In Figures 11 and 12, the radial direction is indicated by arrow X, the intersecting direction by arrow Y, and the vertical direction by arrow Z.

[0082] The existing sealed rubber bearing plate 10B installed on the bridge 11, as shown in the exploded perspective view of Figure 11, comprises an upper shoe 14 (upper base plate) and a lower shoe 15 (lower base plate), a seal ring 16 and a sliding plate 47 (sliding plate), an intermediate plate 48 and a sealed rubber plate 49 that has rubber elasticity and is elastically deformable, and first and second side blocks 18a and 18b. In the sealed rubber bearing plate 10B, the components are arranged in the order of upper shoe 14 → seal ring 16 → sliding plate 47 → intermediate plate 48 → sealed rubber plate 49 → lower shoe 15 from top to bottom in the vertical direction.

[0083] The upper shoe 14 is identical to that of the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A described above, and has a first stopper flange 19a with a first recess 20a and a second stopper flange 19b with a second recess 20b. The upper shoe 14 is fixed to the lower surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel (superior structure of the bridge) by screwing multiple set bolts 22 into the bolt screw holes 21 of the upper shoe 14 and the bolt screw holes of the flange of the H-shaped steel.

[0084] The lower shoe 15 is made of steel such as SS400, SM490, SC450, SCW48, stainless steel, or cast steel or alloy, and is formed into a roughly bottomed cylindrical shape. A cylindrical pot portion 50 (recessed portion) that is recessed downward is formed in the center of the upper surface of the lower shoe 15. Except for the presence of the pot portion 50, the lower shoe 15 is identical to that of the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A described above, and has first and second protrusions 24a and 24b extending upward from its peripheral edge 25. The lower shoe 15 is fixed to the upper surface of the substructure 12 (abutment or pier) of the bridge 11 by a plurality of anchor bolts (not shown) extending downward from its lower surface. The upper shoe 14 and the lower shoe 15 are positioned so that the first protrusion 24a of the lower shoe 15 fits into the first recess 20a of the upper shoe 14, and the second protrusion 24b of the lower shoe 15 fits into the second recess 20b of the upper shoe 14, with the shoes 14 and 15 overlapping vertically.

[0085] The seal ring 16 is identical to that of the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A. The sliding plate 47 is made from a polymer resin material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polyamide resin (PA) with a low coefficient of friction, and is molded into a disc shape having a predetermined thickness. The sliding plate 47 may also be made from stainless steel. The sliding plate 47 has a circular sliding upper surface of a predetermined area, a circular lower surface of a predetermined area, and an annular outer surface extending between the upper and lower surfaces.

[0086] The sliding plate 47 has a predetermined coefficient of friction on its sliding surface. When vibrations from a large earthquake of magnitude 5 or higher cause horizontal displacement between the superstructure 12 (bridge girder or building) and the substructure 13 (abutment, pier, or foundation), and a load exceeding a predetermined horizontal load acts on the sealed rubber bearing plate 10B (sliding plate 47), slippage occurs (horizontal movement) between the sliding surface of the sliding plate 47 and the lower surface of the stainless steel plate (SUS plate) of the upper shoe 14. The coefficient of friction on the sliding surface of the sliding plate 47 can be arbitrarily selected based on the magnitude of vibrations occurring between the superstructure 12 (bridge girder or building) and the substructure 13 (abutment, pier, or foundation), the maximum working surface pressure applied to the sealed rubber bearing plate 10B, the pressure-receiving area of ​​the sliding surface of the sliding plate 47, etc., thereby determining the horizontal load at which slippage occurs.

[0087] The intermediate plate 48 is made of steel or an alloy such as SS400, SM490, or stainless steel, and is formed into a disc shape having a predetermined thickness. The intermediate plate 48 has a circular sliding upper surface of a predetermined area, a circular lower surface of a predetermined area, and an annular outer surface extending between the upper and lower surfaces. A circular recess (not shown) that is recessed downwards is formed on the upper surface of the intermediate plate 48. The sliding plate 47 is fitted into the recess of the intermediate plate 48. The intermediate plate 48 is positioned vertically below the sliding plate 47 and is fitted into the pot portion 50 (recessed portion) of the lower shoe 15.

[0088] The sealed rubber plate 49 is made from natural rubber with a break elongation (strain) of 400-600% or chloroprene rubber with a break elongation (strain) of 350-500%, and is molded into a disc shape having a predetermined thickness. The sealed rubber plate 49 has a circular upper surface of a predetermined area, a circular lower surface of a predetermined area, and an annular outer surface extending between the upper and lower surfaces. When rotational displacement occurs in the superstructure 12 (bridge girder or building) and the substructure 13 (bridge abutment or bridge pier or foundation) due to vibrations from a large earthquake of seismic intensity 5 or higher, the sealed rubber plate 49 undergoes elastic deformation, and its upper surface tilts to follow the rotational displacement.

[0089] The sealing rubber plate 49 is positioned vertically below the intermediate plate 48 and fitted into the pot portion 50 (recessed portion) of the lower shoe 15. The upper surface of the sealing rubber plate 49 abuts (fits tightly) against the lower surface of the intermediate plate 48, and its lower surface abuts (fits tightly) against the upper surface of the pot portion 50 of the lower shoe 15. A portion of the outer circumferential surface of the sealing rubber plate 49 abuts against the inner circumferential surface of the pot portion 50. A predetermined clearance (fitted) is set between the inner circumferential surface of the pot portion 50 (recessed portion) and the outer circumferential surface of the sealing rubber plate 49, allowing the sealing rubber plate 49 to tilt.

[0090] The sealed rubber support plate support 10B has a sealed rubber plate 49 inserted into a pot portion 50 formed in the lower shoe 15, an intermediate plate 48 fitted on top of it to seal the sealed rubber plate 49, and a sliding plate 47 fitted into a recess formed on the upper surface of the intermediate plate 48. This provides a rotation function due to the elastic deformation of the sealed rubber plate 49, as well as a horizontal movement function due to the sliding of the sliding plate 47 and the upper shoe 14.

[0091] An example of a bearing reinforcement method for attaching the bearing damage control structure 32 to the existing sealed rubber bearing plate 10B is as follows. In this bearing reinforcement method, the sealed rubber bearing plate 10B is reinforced while it is installed on the bridge 11, without removing the sealed rubber bearing plate 10B from the bridge 11. The first fixing bolt 30a is removed from the bolt screw hole 26 of the first protrusion 24a of the lower shoe 15 and the bolt screw hole 31 of the first vertical part 29a of the first side block 18a, and the second fixing bolt 30b is removed from the bolt screw hole 26 of the second protrusion 24b of the lower shoe 15 and the bolt screw hole 31 of the second vertical part 29b of the second side block 18b, and the first and second side blocks 18a and 18b are removed from the sealed rubber bearing plate 10B (side block removal step).

[0092] Next, the first hold space 40a of the first side holder 33a is fitted onto the first stopper flange 19a of the upper shoe 14 and the first protrusion 24a of the lower shoe 15, and the second hold space 40b of the second side holder 33b is fitted onto the second stopper flange 19b of the upper shoe 14 and the second protrusion 24b of the lower shoe 15 (side holder placement step). When the first hold space 40a is fitted onto the first stopper flange 19a and the first protrusion 24a, the inner surface of the upper part 36 of the holder of the first side holder 33a comes into contact with the upper surface of the first stopper flange 19a and the upper surface of the first protrusion 24a, and the inner surface of one of the holder sides 37a comes into contact with one of the sides of the first stopper flange 19a. The inner surface of the other holder side portion 38a abuts against the other side surface of the first stopper flange 19a, the inner surface of the holder front portion 39a abuts against the front surface of the first stopper flange 19a and the front surface of the first protrusion 24a, and the lower part of the holder 40a abuts against the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge portion 25 of the lower shoe 15 that extends below the first stopper flange 19a and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge portion 25 of the lower shoe 15 that extends outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the first stopper flange 19a.

[0093] When the second hold space 40b is fitted into the second stopper flange 19b and the second protrusion 24b, the inner surface of the upper part 36 of the second side holder 33b contacts the upper surface of the second stopper flange 19b and the upper surface of the second protrusion 24b, and the inner surface of one holder side 37b contacts one side of the second stopper flange 19b. The inner surface of the other holder side 38b contacts the other side of the second stopper flange 19b, the inner surface of the front part 39b of the holder contacts the front surface of the second stopper flange 19b and the front surface of the second protrusion 24b, and the lower part 40b of the holder contacts the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 that extends below the second stopper flange 19b and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 that extends outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the second stopper flange 19b.

[0094] Next, one end 44a of the first pull-in bolt 34a is inserted into the first insertion hole 42a of one holder side 37a of the first side holder 33a, and the other end 45a of the first pull-in bolt 34a is inserted into the second insertion hole 42b of one holder side 37b of the second side holder 33b. Then, with parts of both ends 44a and 45a of the first pull-in bolt 34a exposed radially outward from the first and second insertion holes 42a and 42b, the first nut 35a is screwed onto the thread 43 formed on one end 44a of the first pull-in bolt 34a, and the second nut 35b is screwed onto the thread 43 formed on the other end 45a of the first pull-in bolt 34a.

[0095] With one end 44b of the second tensioning bolt 34b inserted into the third insertion hole 42c of the other holder side 38a of the first side holder 33a, and the other end 45b of the second tensioning bolt 34b inserted into the fourth insertion hole 42d of the other holder side 38b of the second side holder 33b, then with parts of both ends 44b and 45b of the second tensioning bolt 34b exposed radially outward from the third and fourth insertion holes 42c and 42d, the third nut 35c is screwed onto the thread 43 formed on one end 44b of the second tensioning bolt 34b, and the fourth nut 35d is screwed onto the thread 43 formed on the other end 45b of the second tensioning bolt 34b.

[0096] After screwing the first to fourth nuts 35a to 35d onto both ends 44a, 44b, 45a, and 45b of the first and second pulling bolts 34a and 34b, the first to fourth nuts 35a to 35d are rotated clockwise. As the first and second nuts 35a and 35b rotate clockwise, they gradually move radially inward, causing the first side holder 33a to be gradually pulled radially inward toward the second side holder 33b by the first pulling bolt 34a, and the second side holder 33b to be gradually pulled radially inward toward the first side holder 33a, causing the first and second side holders 33a and 33b to come into close contact with the first and second stopper flanges 19a and 19b, the first and second protrusions 24a and 24b, and the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 (pulling process).

[0097] As the third and fourth nuts 35c and 35d rotate clockwise, they gradually move radially inward, causing the first side holder 33a to be gradually pulled radially inward toward the second side holder 33b by the second pulling bolt 34b, and the second side holder 33b to be gradually pulled radially inward toward the first side holder 33a, causing the first and second side holders 33a and 33b to come into close contact with the first and second stopper flanges 19a and 19b, the first and second protrusions 24a and 24b, and the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 (pulling process).

[0098] When the first to fourth nuts 35a to 35d, which are screwed onto both ends 44 and 45 of the first and second pulling bolts 34a and 34b, are tightened and the pulling process is completed, the entire upper surface, both sides, and the entire front surface of the first stopper flange 19a are held (closely held) by the first side holder 33a, the entire upper surface and the entire front surface of the first protrusion 24a are held (closely held) by the first side holder 33a, and the circumferential surfaces of the peripheral edges 25 of the lower shoe 15 extending downward from the first stopper flange 19a and the circumferential surfaces of the peripheral edges 25 of the lower shoe 15 extending outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the first stopper flange 19a are held (closely held) by the first side holder 33a (first holding process).

[0099] The entire upper surface, both sides, and the entire front surface of the second stopper flange 19b are held (closely held) by the second side holder 33b, the entire upper surface and the entire front surface of the second protrusion 24b are held (closely held) by the second side holder 33b, and the circumferential surfaces of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 extending downward from the second stopper flange 19b and the circumferential surfaces of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 extending outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the second stopper flange 19b are held (closely held) by the second side holder 33b (second holding step).

[0100] After performing the first and second holding steps, the first and second side holders 33a and 33b are welded at any point to the first and second stopper flanges 19a and 19b, the first and second protrusions 24a and 24b, and the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15, thereby connecting the first and second side holders 33a and 33b to any point to the first and second stopper flanges 19a and 19b, the first and second protrusions 24a and 24b, and the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 (connecting step). As described above, adhesive can be used as the connecting method in the connecting step, and the first and second fixing bolts 30a and 30b or other fixing bolts can also be used. Furthermore, at least two of the connecting methods from welding, adhesive, the first and second fixing bolts 30a and 30b, and other fixing bolts can also be used.

[0101] Figure 13 is a graph comparing the load-bearing capacity against displacement of the high-strength brass plate bearing 10A or the sealed rubber plate bearing 10B before reinforcement by the bearing damage control structure 32, and the load-bearing capacity against displacement of the high-strength brass plate bearing 10A or the sealed rubber plate bearing 10B after reinforcement by the bearing damage control structure 32. In the graph shown in Figure 13, the vertical axis displays the load-bearing capacity (kN), and the horizontal axis displays the displacement (mm).

[0102] Before reinforcement by the bearing damage control structure 32, the load-bearing capacity against displacement of the high-strength brass plate bearing 10A or the sealed rubber plate bearing 10B is 600 kN for a displacement of 2 mm, 660 kN for a displacement of 4 mm, 710 kN for a displacement of 6 mm, and 755 kN for a displacement of 8 mm. In contrast, after reinforcement by the bearing damage control structure 32, the load-bearing capacity against displacement of the high-strength brass plate bearing 10A or the sealed rubber plate bearing 10B is 845 kN for a displacement of 2 mm, 1040 kN for a displacement of 4 mm, 1150 kN for a displacement of 6 mm, and 1220 kN for a displacement of 8 mm.

[0103] As is clear from the graph in Figure 13, the load-bearing capacity against displacement of the high-strength brass plate bearing 10A or sealed rubber plate bearing 10B after reinforcement by the bearing damage control structure 32 is significantly greater than that of the high-strength brass plate bearing 10A or sealed rubber plate bearing 10B before reinforcement by the bearing damage control structure 32. The high-strength brass plate bearing 10A or sealed rubber plate bearing 10B after reinforcement by the bearing damage control structure 32 has a significantly improved load-bearing capacity against displacement while maintaining rotational function, displacement tracking function, and relative displacement damping function.

[0104] The bearing damage control structure 32 pulls the first side holder 33a and the second side holder 33b radially inward by the first and second pulling bolts 34a and 34b, so that the upper part 36a of the holder 33a, the side parts 37a and 38a, the front part 39a, and the lower part 40a of the holder 33a are pulled across the entire upper surface and both sides of the first stopper flange 19a in the state when the first side block 18a is removed from the first protrusion 24a. It holds (closely holds) the entire surface and the entire front surface, the entire upper surface and the entire front surface of the first protrusion 24a, and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 extending downward from the first stopper flange 19a and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 extending outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the first stopper flange 19a, and the upper part 36b of the holder and the side parts 37b, 38 of the second side holder 33b b, the front part 39b of the holder and the lower part 40b of the holder hold (closely hold) the entire upper surface, both sides, and the entire front surface of the second stopper flange 19b when the second side block 18b is removed from the second protrusion 24b, and also hold (closely hold) the entire upper surface and the entire front surface of the second protrusion 24b, as well as the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 extending below the second stopper flange 19b and both sides of the second stopper flange 19b By holding (closely holding) the peripheral surface of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 that extends outward from the side in the circumferential direction, the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A (bearing plate bearing) or sealed rubber bearing plate 10B (bearing plate bearing) installed on the bridge 11 is reinforced by the bearing damage control structure 32. Therefore, existing high-strength brass bearing plate 10A and sealed rubber bearing plate 10B that have insufficient resistance to seismic forces that should be considered in the current design can be reliably reinforced.

[0105] The bearing damage control structure 32 can adequately reinforce existing high-strength brass bearing plate 10A or sealed rubber bearing plate 10B that have insufficient bearing capacity. Therefore, even if an earthquake occurs and a large relative displacement occurs between the superstructure 12 (main structure) and substructure 13 (support structure) of the bridge 11 due to the shaking, and external forces due to the relative displacement are transmitted to the upper shoe 14 and lower shoe 15, the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A (bearing) and sealed rubber bearing plate 10B (bearing) will not be damaged by these external forces, and the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A and sealed rubber bearing plate 10B will be able to perform their rotational and displacement-following functions.

[0106] The bearing damage control structure 32 can reliably suppress relative displacement caused by earthquakes by utilizing the reinforced high-strength brass bearing plate 10A or sealed rubber bearing plate 10B, thereby attenuating relative displacement caused by earthquake shaking and preventing damage (deformation such as distortion, strain, bending, cracks, fractures, damage, collapse, etc.) to the superstructure 12 (main structure) and substructure 13 (support structure) of the bridge 11. Even if an earthquake occurs, the bearing damage control structure 32 prevents damage to the superstructure 12 (main structure) and substructure 13 (support structure) of the bridge 11 by utilizing the reinforced existing high-strength brass bearing plate 10A or sealed rubber bearing plate 10B, so that the use of the superstructure 12 and substructure 13 is not restricted, and the continued use of the bridge 11 (superstructure 12 and substructure 13) is possible.

[0107] In the bearing damage control structure 32, the hardness of the first and second side holders 33a and 33b is approximately the same as that of the upper shoe 14 and lower shoe 15, and the hardness of the first and second tension bolts 34a and 34b is approximately twice that of the upper shoe 14 and lower shoe 15 and the first and second side holders 33a and 33b. Therefore, when a large external force due to relative displacement acts on the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A or the sealed rubber bearing plate 10B or the bearing damage control structure 32, the structure will be more effective than the upper shoe 14 or lower shoe 15. The bearing damage control structure 32 (first and second side holders 33a, 33b, first and second tensioning bolts 34a, 34b) will not be damaged first, nor will the upper shoe 14 or lower shoe 15 be damaged before the bearing damage control structure 32 (first and second side holders 33a, 33b, first and second tensioning bolts 34a, 34b), and the bearing damage control structure 32 will adequately reinforce the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A or the sealed rubber bearing plate 10B.

[0108] The bearing reinforcement method involves removing the first side block 18a from the first protrusion 24a of the lower shoe 15 and removing the second side block 18b from the second protrusion 24b, inserting the first pull-in bolt 34a through one side 37a of the first side holder 33a and one side 37b of the second side holder 33b, inserting the first pull-in bolt 34a through the other side 38a of the first side holder 33a and the other side 38b of the second side holder 33b, and using the first and second pull-in bolts 34a and 34b to support the first and The second side holders 33a and 33b are pulled radially inward to bring the first and second side holders 33a and 33b into close contact with the first and second stopper flanges 19a and 19b, the first and second protrusions 24a and 24b, and the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15, and the entire upper surface, both sides, and the entire front surface of the first stopper flange 19a with the first side block 18a removed from the first protrusion 24a are held (closely held) by the first side holder 33a, and the entire upper surface and the entire front surface of the first protrusion 24a are held by the first The side holder 33a holds (closely holds) the lower shoe 15, and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 extending below the first stopper flange 19a and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 extending outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the first stopper flange 19a are held (closely held) by the first side holder 33a, and the entire upper surface, both sides, and the entire front surface of the second stopper flange 19b with the second side block 18b removed from the second protrusion 24b is attached to the second side holder 33b Therefore, the first and second side holders 33a, 33b, first and second pull bolts 34a,34b. The high-strength brass plate bearings 10A (bearings) or sealed rubber plate bearings 10B (bearings) installed on the bridge 11 are reinforced by the first to fourth nuts 35a to 35d. Therefore, existing high-strength brass plate bearings 10A or sealed rubber plate bearings 10B that lack sufficient resistance to seismic forces to be considered in the current design can be reinforced. Even if an earthquake occurs and a large relative displacement occurs between the superstructure 12 (main structure) and substructure 13 (support structure) of the bridge 11 due to the shaking, and external forces due to the relative displacement are transmitted to the upper shoes 14 and lower shoes 15, the high-strength brass plate bearings 10A or sealed rubber plate bearings 10B will not be damaged by these external forces, and the high-strength brass plate bearings 10A or sealed rubber plate bearings 10B can perform their rotational and displacement-following functions.

[0109] The bearing reinforcement method uses a high-strength brass bearing plate 10A (bearing) or a sealed rubber bearing plate 10B (bearing) reinforced with first and second side holders 33a, 33b, first and second tensioning bolts 34a, 34b, and first to fourth nuts 35a to 35d to reliably suppress relative displacement due to earthquakes, attenuate relative displacement due to earthquake shaking, and prevent damage (distortion, strain, bending, etc., deformation, cracks, fractures, damage, collapse, etc.) to the superstructure 12 (main structure) and substructure 13 (support structure) of the bridge 11. The bearing reinforcement method prevents damage to the superstructure 12 (main structure) and substructure 13 (support structure) of the bridge 11 by utilizing the reinforced existing high-strength brass bearing plate 10A (bearing plate bearing) or sealed rubber bearing plate 10B (bearing plate bearing) even if an earthquake occurs. This does not restrict the use of the superstructure 12 and substructure 13, and allows for the continued use of the bridge 11 (superstructure 12 and substructure 13).

[0110] The bearing reinforcement method involves removing the first and second side blocks 18a and 18b from the first and second protrusions 24a and 24b of the lower shoe 15 of the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A or sealed rubber bearing plate 10B installed on the bridge 11, and then attaching the first and second side holders 33a and 33b to the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A or sealed rubber bearing plate 10B using the first and second pulling bolts 34a and 34b and the first to fourth nuts 35a to 35d, thereby reinforcing the existing high-strength brass bearing plate 10A or sealed rubber bearing plate 10B. Therefore, the high-strength brass bearing plate 10A or sealed rubber bearing plate 10B can be reinforced without removing them from the superstructure 12 (main structure) and substructure 13 (support structure) of the bridge 11. Furthermore, the installation of the first and second side holders 33a, 33b, the first and second tensioning bolts 34a, 34b, and the first to fourth nuts 35a to 35d requires no time or effort, and multiple high-strength brass bearing plate 10A or sealed rubber bearing plate 10B can be reinforced quickly, efficiently, and inexpensively.

[0111] The bearing reinforcement method involves connecting the first side holder 33a to any point on the first stopper flange 19a, the first protrusion 24a, or the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15 using predetermined connecting means (welding, adhesive, bolts), and connecting the second side holder 33b to any point on the second stopper flange 19b, the second protrusion 24b, or the peripheral edge 25 of the lower shoe 15. Therefore, the upper holder parts 36a and 36b of the first and second side holders 33a and 33b, The existing high-strength brass plate bearing 10A or sealed rubber plate bearing 10B is securely held by one holder side 37a, 37b, the other holder side 38a, 38b, the holder front 39a, 39b, and the holder lower 40a, 40b, and the bearing damage control structure 32 can reliably reinforce the high-strength brass plate bearing 10A or sealed rubber plate bearing 10B, which have insufficient resistance to seismic forces that should be considered in the current design. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0112] 10A High-strength brass plate bearing (bearing) 10B Sealed rubber support plate support (support) 11 Bridges 12 Superstructure (main structure) 13 Substructure (support structure) 14. Upper shoe (upper base plate) 15. Lower shoe (lower base plate) 16 sealing rings 17. Bearing plate (support plate) 18a First side block 18b Second side block 19a First stopper flange 19b Second stopper flange 20a First recess 20b Second recess 21 Bolt screw holes 22 bolt set 23 Concave curved surface part 24a First protrusion 24b Second protrusion 25 Peripheral area 26 bolt holes 27 Convex curved surface part 28a 1st horizontal section 28b 2nd horizontal section 29a 1st vertical section 29b 2nd vertical section 30a First fixing bolt 30b Second fixing bolt 31 Bolt screw holes 32 Bearing Damage Control Structure 33a First side holder 33b Second side holder 34a First pull bolt 34b Second pull bolt 35a~35d 1st to 4th nuts 36a,b Upper part of holder 37a,b One side of the holder 38a,b Other holder side 39a,b Front of holder 40a,b Lower part of holder 41a First hold space 41b Second hold space 42a-42d 1st-4th insertion holes 43 Screws 44a,b One end (one end) 45a,b Other end (the other end) 46a,b Middle part 47. Slide 48 Intermediate plate 49. Sealing rubber plate 50 pot section (dug-out section)

Claims

1. In a bearing damage control structure that is installed between a main structure and a support structure that supports the main structure, and is attached to a bearing that suppresses relative displacement occurring between the main structure and the support structure, and which reinforces the bearing, The support comprises an upper shoe fixed to the main structure, a lower shoe located below the upper shoe and fixed to the support structure, a bearing plate or intermediate plate and rubber plate located between the upper shoe and the lower shoe and positioned in the center of the shoes, a first side block fixing the upper shoe and the lower shoe, and a second side block located radially opposite the first side block and fixing the upper shoe and the lower shoe, wherein the upper shoe has a first stopper flange having a first recess extending in one radial direction from the upper shoe and recessing radially inward, and the first stopper flange The lower shoe has a second stopper flange which is spaced apart and faces the upper shoe on the radially opposite side, and has a second recess which extends to the other radially opposite side of the upper shoe and recesses radially inward, and the lower shoe has an upper surface on which the bearing plate or the intermediate plate and the rubber plate are placed, a peripheral edge which is located radially outward from the upper surface and extends around the lower shoe, a first convex which extends upward from the peripheral edge and fits into the first recess of the first stopper flange, and a second convex which is spaced apart and faces the first convex which extends upward from the peripheral edge and fits into the second recess of the second stopper flange, The bearing damage control structure is formed from a first side holder extending in an intersecting direction that intersects the radial direction, a second side holder located on the opposite side of the radial direction from the first side holder and extending in the intersecting direction, a first pull-in bolt extending in the radial direction and inserted through one side of the first side holder and one side of the second side holder, and a second pull-in bolt extending in the radial direction and inserted through the other side of the first side holder and the other side of the second side holder. The first and second pulling bolts pull the first and second side holders radially inward, causing the first and second side holders to be in close contact with the first and second stopper flanges, the first and second protrusions, and the peripheral edge of the lower shoe, with the first and second side blocks removed from the first and second protrusions. The first side holder holds the upper surface, both sides, and front surface of the first stopper flange with the first side block removed from the first protrusion, and holds the upper surface and front surface of the first protrusion, as well as the first stopper. A bearing damage control structure characterized in that the second side holder holds the circumferential surface of the lower shoe's peripheral edge extending downward from the upper flange and the circumferential surface of the lower shoe's peripheral edge extending outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the first stopper flange, the second side holder holds the upper surface, both sides and front surface of the second stopper flange in the state in which the second side block has been removed from the second protrusion, the upper surface and front surface of the second protrusion, and the circumferential surface of the lower shoe's peripheral edge extending downward from the second stopper flange and the circumferential surface of the lower shoe's peripheral edge extending outward in the circumferential direction from both sides of the second stopper flange.

2. The first side holder has a holder upper portion extending in a cross direction and in close contact with the upper surface of the first stopper flange and the upper surface of the first protrusion; one holder side portion extending downward from one side portion of the holder upper portion and located on the cross-directional outer side of one side surface of the first stopper flange and in close contact with one side surface of the first stopper flange; another holder side portion extending downward from the other side portion of the holder upper portion, spaced apart from the one holder side portion on the opposite side in the cross direction and located on the cross-directional outer side of the other side surface of the first stopper flange and in close contact with the other side surface of the first stopper flange; a holder front portion extending in a cross direction between these holder side portions and in close contact with the front surface of the first stopper flange and the front surface of the first protrusion; and a holder lower portion located below the holder front portion and extending in a cross direction and in close contact with the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe, and the second side holder The bearing damage control structure according to claim 1, comprising: a holder upper portion extending in a cross direction and in close contact with the upper surface of the second stopper flange and the upper surface of the second protrusion; a holder side portion extending downward from one side portion of the holder upper portion and located outward in the cross direction from one side surface of the second stopper flange and in close contact with one side surface of the second stopper flange; a holder side portion extending downward from the other side portion of the holder upper portion, spaced apart from the one holder side portion in the opposite direction in the cross direction and located outward in the cross direction from the other side surface of the second stopper flange and in close contact with the other side surface of the second stopper flange; a holder front portion extending in a cross direction between the holder side portions and in close contact with the front surface of the second stopper flange and the front surface of the second protrusion; and a holder lower portion located below the holder front portion and extending in a cross direction and in close contact with the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe.

3. The first pull-in bolt has one end that is inserted through a first insertion hole formed on one holder side of the first side holder, and the other end that is inserted through a second insertion hole formed on one holder side of the second side holder, and the second pull-in bolt has one end that is inserted through a third insertion hole formed on the other holder side of the first side holder, and the other end that is inserted through a fourth insertion hole formed on the other holder side of the second side holder, and the bearing damage control structure has a first nut that is screwed onto a screw formed on one end of the first pull-in bolt that is exposed radially outward from the first insertion hole on one holder side of the first side holder, and a second insertion on one holder side of the second side holder The bearing damage control structure according to claim 2, comprising: a second nut screwed onto a thread formed on the other end of the first pull-in bolt that is exposed radially outward from a hole; a third nut screwed onto a thread formed on one end of the second pull-in bolt that is exposed radially outward from a third insertion hole on the other holder side of the first side holder; and a fourth nut screwed onto a thread formed on the other end of the second pull-in bolt that is exposed radially outward from a fourth insertion hole on the other holder side of the second side holder, wherein the first to fourth nuts screwed onto the ends of the first and second pull-in bolts are rotated either clockwise or counterclockwise, thereby pulling the first side holder and the second side holder radially inward.

4. In the bearing damage control structure, by rotating the nuts screwed onto the ends of the first and second pulling bolts, the first and second side holders are pulled radially inward, so that the first and second stopper flanges of the upper shoe, the first and second protrusions of the lower shoe, and the peripheral edge of the lower shoe are sandwiched between the first and second side holders, the upper surface of the first stopper flange and the upper surface of the first protrusion are held in close contact with the inner surface of the upper part of the holder of the first side holder, one side of the first stopper flange is held in close contact with the inner surface of one holder side of the first side holder, the other side of the first stopper flange is held in close contact with the inner surface of the other holder side of the first side holder, and the front surface of the first stopper flange and the front surface of the first protrusion are held in front The bearing damage control structure according to claim 3, wherein the lower shoe is held in close contact with the inner surface of the front part of the holder of the first side holder, the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe is held in close contact with the inner surface of the lower part of the holder of the first side holder, the upper surface of the second stopper flange and the upper surface of the second protrusion are held in close contact with the inner surface of the upper part of the holder of the second side holder, one side of the second stopper flange is held in close contact with the inner surface of one side of the holder of the second side holder, the other side of the second stopper flange is held in close contact with the inner surface of the other side of the holder of the second side holder, the front surface of the second stopper flange and the front surface of the second protrusion are held in close contact with the inner surface of the front part of the holder of the second side holder, and the circumferential surface of the peripheral edge of the lower shoe is held in close contact with the inner surface of the lower part of the holder of the second side holder.

5. The bearing damage control structure according to claim 1, wherein the first side holder is connected to the first stopper flange, the first protrusion, and the peripheral edge of the lower shoe by predetermined connecting means, and the second side holder is connected to the second stopper flange, the second protrusion, and the peripheral edge of the lower shoe by predetermined connecting means.

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