Knitted fabric

Abstract

To provide a single-piece knitted fabric that offers excellent breathability, UPF protection, and superior wearing comfort, without any restrictions on yarn type. [Solution] A knitted fabric comprising a front base fabric and a back base fabric, wherein one base fabric has large loops A and small loops B, and the other base fabric has large loops AA and small loops BB, wherein loops A in one base fabric and loops AA in the other base fabric do not overlap on the front and back, loops A in one base fabric and loops BB in the other base fabric, and loops B in one base fabric and loops AA in the other base fabric overlap on the front and back, and the distance between two points in the wale direction of loops B and loops BB is 0.1 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less, and the air permeability according to JIS-L-1096-Air permeability A method (Fragile type method) is 100 cc / cm². 2 A textile product containing the knitted fabric, which is 1 / s or higher and has a UPF of 15 or higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to knitted fabrics. More specifically, the present invention relates to a single-layer knitted fabric that is excellent in breathability and UPF without restrictions on yarn types and is excellent in wearing comfort.

Background Art

[0002] The market demand for clothing that is highly breathable, comfortable, and can also provide UV protection is high. To meet this demand, various knitted fabrics for clothing have been provided so far. Patent Document 1 below discloses a knitted shirt that has high breathability, a high UV shielding rate, and anti-sheer properties by using a knitted fabric with a specific structure that has a coarse density and high air permeability and doubling it to make a shirt. Further, Patent Document 2 below discloses a sheer-sense suppression fabric that includes through-holes penetrating in the thickness direction of the fabric. The fabric has a multi-layer structure including a surface layer and a back layer, holes exist in both the surface layer and the back layer, and the overlapping portions of the holes in both layers form through-holes. Two or more types of yarns with a brightness difference of 0.5 or more are arranged around the through-holes of the fabric, and the fabric is characterized in that the evaluation by JIS L 1923:2017 "Method A (Visual Inspection Method) for Evaluating the Anti-Sheer Property of Textile Products" is grade 3.5 or higher.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] The invention described in Patent Document 1 involves a multi-layered knitted fabric containing both a surface layer and a back layer, where pores exist in both layers. The overlapping pores in these two layers form through-holes, enhancing breathability, and opacity can be improved by arranging yarns with varying brightness around the through-holes. However, this requires arranging yarns with varying brightness around the through-holes; if yarns without varying brightness are used, opacity cannot be achieved, resulting in limitations on yarn types. Furthermore, the presence of through-holes allows ultraviolet light to pass through, making it impossible to satisfy the UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor) requirement. The invention described in Patent Document 2 requires two layers of knitted fabric to form the shirt, resulting in a thicker shirt that restricts body movement and makes it difficult to move, thus resulting in poor wearing comfort and making it unsuitable for activities involving physical movement, such as sports. Furthermore, because two layers of knitted fabric create an air layer between the two fabrics, it has high heat retention, which means that in hot environments, it is difficult for the body to release heat, causing body temperature to rise easily, leading to excessive sweating and discomfort. This also contributes to poor wearing comfort.

[0005] In view of the problems of the conventional technology described above, the problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a single-piece knitted fabric that is excellent in breathability and UPF, and is comfortable to wear, without any restrictions on the type of yarn used. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The inventors of this invention diligently studied and conducted numerous experiments to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, unexpectedly discovered that the problems could be solved with the following configuration, leading to the completion of the present invention. In other words, the present invention is as follows: [1] A knitted fabric comprising a front ground fabric and a back ground fabric, wherein one ground fabric has at least loop A and loop B, and the other ground fabric has at least loop AA and loop BB, wherein loop A in one ground fabric and loop AA in the other ground fabric do not overlap on the front and back, loop A in one ground fabric and loop BB in the other ground fabric and loop B in one ground fabric and loop AA in the other ground fabric overlap on the front and back, and the distance between two points in the wale direction of loop B and loop BB is 0.1 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less. However, loop A is a loop that, when the distance between two points in the wale direction is measured for all loops in one complete structure in one ground fabric, and the loop with the largest distance between two points in the wale direction in one complete structure (maximum loop A) is identified, has the same or very similar loop structure as the maximum loop, and has a distance between two points in the wale direction of the maximum loop A that is 80% or more and 100% or less. Loop AA is defined as a loop that, when measuring the slip ratio relative to Loop A among all loops in a complete tissue other than Loop A, and measuring the distance between two points in the wale direction among loops with a slip ratio of 40% or more relative to Loop A, and identifying the loop with the largest distance between two points in the wale direction (maximum loop AA), has the same or very similar loop structure as said maximum loop, and has a distance between two points in the wale direction of 80% to 100% of the distance between two points in the wale direction of said maximum loop AA. Loop B has the following requirements 1 and 2: Requirement 1: Calculate the distance between two points in the course direction and the center point of loop AA. Measure the course direction deviation of the stitches located opposite loop AA within one of the ground fabrics containing loop A, and ensure that the course direction deviation is 40% or less. Requirement 2: Among the loops that satisfy Requirement 1, the loop must have a ratio of the distance between two points in the wale direction with loop AA = distance between two points in the wale direction of loop AA [mm] / distance between two points in the wale direction of loop B [mm] which is greater than 1.25; It is a loop that satisfies, and Loop BB has the following requirements 1 and 2: Requirement 1: Calculate the distance between two points in the course direction and the center point of Loop A. Within the other geological structure, including Loop AA, measure the deviation rate in the course direction from Loop A among the loops located opposite Loop A, and ensure that the deviation rate in the course direction is 40% or less. Requirement 2: Among the loops that satisfy Requirement 1, the loop is one in which the ratio of the distance between two points in the wale direction with Loop A = distance between two points in the wale direction of Loop A [mm] / distance between two points in the wale direction of Loop BB [mm] is greater than 1.25. [2] The percentage of loop A and loop AA content in a complete structure of one of the ground fabrics and the other ground fabric is 10% to 90%. The knitted fabric as described in [1] above. [3] The knitted fabric according to [1] or [2], comprising full-dull yarn. [4] A knitted fabric as described in any of [1] to [3] above, wherein the knitting density is 30C to 80C and 20W to 60W. [5] Air permeability of 100 cc / cm² according to JIS-L-1096 - Air permeability method A (Fragile method) 2 A knitted fabric as described in any of the above [1] to [4], which is 1 / s or greater. [6] A knitted fabric as described in any of [1] to [5] above, having a UPF of 15 or higher. [7] A textile product including any of the knitted fabrics described in [1] to [6] above. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] The knitted fabric according to the present invention has excellent breathability and UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor), making it suitable for use in textile products where comfort in hot environments is required. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is an explanatory diagram of knit, tuck, and welt (miss) welt structures. [Figure 2] This is an explanatory diagram of the overlap between loop A and the other loop AA. [Figure 3] This is an explanatory diagram of the deviation rate in the direction of the course. [Figure 4]Explanatory diagram of the deviation rate between loop A and loop AA. [Figure 5] Explanatory diagram of the deviation rate between loop A and loop BB, and between loop AA and loop B. [Figure 6] Explanatory diagram of the distance between two points in the weft direction. [Figure 7] Explanatory diagram of the relationship between loops in one complete weave structure of Example 1. [Figure 8] Explanatory diagram of the weave structure diagram, thread types, etc. related to the weaving of the fabric in Example 1. [Figure 9] Explanatory diagram of the weave structure diagram, thread types, etc. related to the weaving of the fabric in Example 2. [Figure 10] Explanatory diagram of the weave structure diagram, thread types, etc. related to the weaving of the fabric in Example 3. [Figure 11] Explanatory diagram of the weave structure diagram, thread types, etc. related to the weaving of the fabric in Example 4. [Figure 12] Explanatory diagram of the weave structure diagram, thread types, etc. related to the weaving of the fabric in Example 5. [Figure 13] Explanatory diagram of the weave structure diagram, thread types, etc. related to the weaving of the fabric in Example 6. [Figure 14] Explanatory diagram of the weave structure diagram, thread types, etc. related to the weaving of the fabric in Example 7. [Figure 15] Explanatory diagram of the weave structure diagram, thread types, etc. related to the weaving of the fabric in Comparative Example 1. [Figure 16] Explanatory diagram of the weave structure diagram, thread types, etc. related to the weaving of the fabric in Comparative Example 2. [Figure 17] Explanatory diagram of the weave structure diagram, thread types, etc. related to the weaving of the fabric in Comparative Example 3.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. One embodiment of the present invention is a knitted fabric comprising a front ground fabric and a back ground fabric, wherein one ground fabric has at least loop A and loop B, and the other ground fabric has at least loop AA and loop BB, wherein loop A in one ground fabric and loop AA in the other ground fabric do not overlap on the front and back, loop A in one ground fabric and loop BB in the other ground fabric, and loop B in one ground fabric and loop AA in the other ground fabric overlap on the front and back, and the distance between two points in the wale direction of loop B and loop BB is 0.1 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less. However, loop A is a loop that, when the distance between two points in the wale direction is measured for all loops in one complete structure in one ground fabric, and the loop with the largest distance between two points in the wale direction in one complete structure (maximum loop A) is identified, has the same or very similar loop structure as the maximum loop, and has a distance between two points in the wale direction of the maximum loop A that is 80% or more and 100% or less. Loop AA is defined as a loop that, when measuring the slip ratio relative to Loop A among all loops in a complete tissue other than Loop A, and measuring the distance between two points in the wale direction among loops with a slip ratio of 40% or more relative to Loop A, and identifying the loop with the largest distance between two points in the wale direction (maximum loop AA), has the same or very similar loop structure as said maximum loop, and has a distance between two points in the wale direction of 80% to 100% of the distance between two points in the wale direction of said maximum loop AA. Loop B has the following requirements 1 and 2: Requirement 1: Calculate the distance between two points in the course direction and the center point of loop AA. Measure the course direction deviation of the stitches located opposite loop AA within one of the ground fabrics containing loop A, and ensure that the course direction deviation is 40% or less. Requirement 2: Among the loops that satisfy Requirement 1, the loop must have a ratio of the distance between two points in the wale direction with loop AA = distance between two points in the wale direction of loop AA [mm] / distance between two points in the wale direction of loop B [mm] which is greater than 1.25; It is a loop that satisfies, and Loop BB has the following requirements 1 and 2: Requirement 1: Calculate the distance between two points in the course direction and the center point of Loop A. Within the other geological structure, including Loop AA, measure the deviation rate in the course direction from Loop A among the loops located opposite Loop A, and ensure that the deviation rate in the course direction is 40% or less. Requirement 2: Among the loops that satisfy Requirement 1, the loop is one in which the ratio of the distance between two points in the wale direction with Loop A = distance between two points in the wale direction of Loop A [mm] / distance between two points in the wale direction of Loop BB [mm] is greater than 1.25.

[0010] In this specification, "UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor)" refers to a value calculated by considering a predetermined damage coefficient based on the ultraviolet transmittance in the 280-400 nm range, measured using a spectrophotometer, in accordance with the Australian / New Zealand Standard (AS / NZS; 4399:1996).

[0011] In this specification, "knitted fabric including a front and back base structure" refers to a knitted fabric produced on a double circular knitting machine or the like, where the needle loops on both the front and back of the knitted fabric are configured to face outwards. Examples include double knit, where the front and back base structures are connected by connecting yarn, and smooth or rib knit, where the front and back base structures are connected. Furthermore, the base structure is composed of a combination of knit, tuck, and welt.

[0012] A knitted structure (hereinafter simply referred to as "knit" and abbreviated as K) is a loop created by pulling in the knitting needle, as shown by the white lines in Figure 1 left (knit), and the created loops become needle loops. A tucked structure (hereinafter simply referred to as "tuck" and abbreviated as T) is a loop created by pulling in the knitting needle, as shown by the white lines in Figure 1 center (tuck), and the created loops become needle loops, which are shorter than the needle loops created in knitted structures. A welted (miss) structure (hereinafter simply referred to as "welt" and abbreviated as W) is a welted (miss) structure (hereinafter simply referred to as "welt" and abbreviated as W) is a loop where the yarn does not catch on the needle, as shown by the shaded area in Figure 1 right (welt (miss)), and therefore there are no needle loops. Instead, the yarn passes between adjacent needle loops in the same course, and all of these become sinker loops.

[0013] In this specification, "course number" (hereinafter abbreviated as (C)) refers to the number of rows in which loops are continuous in the weft direction of the knitted fabric, and "wale number" (hereinafter abbreviated as (W)) refers to the number of rows in which loops are continuous in the warp direction of the knitted fabric. Furthermore, "course direction" refers to the weft direction of the knitted fabric, and "wale direction" refers to the warp direction of the knitted fabric.

[0014] In this specification, "complete structure" refers to the smallest repeating unit of the knit structure that makes up a knitted fabric.

[0015] In this specification, "distance between two points in the course direction" refers to the distance between two points in the course direction as defined in "distance between two points in the course direction" below.

[0016] In this specification, "distance between two points in the Wahl direction" refers to the distance between two points in the Wahl direction as defined in "Distance between two points in the Wahl direction" below.

[0017] In this specification, "distance ratio between two points in the wale direction" refers to the value defined by equations (1) and (2) described below.

[0018] In this specification, "course direction deviation rate" refers to the value defined by equation (3) described below.

[0019] In this specification, "Loop A and Loop AA" refers to loops that can be identified by the measurement methods for Loop A and Loop AA described in "Method for Identifying Loop A, Loop AA, Loop B, and Loop BB" below. For example, it refers to loops that are knitted on the same wale in the direction of the end of knitting after being knitted with tucks or welts, and have a greater distance between two points in the wale direction than loops consisting only of knit. When the distance between two points in the wale direction is measured for all loops in one complete structure in one base fabric, and the loop with the largest distance between two points in the wale direction in one complete structure (maximum loop A) is identified, loops that have the same or very similar loop structure as the maximum loop, and have a distance between two points in the wale direction of the maximum loop A that is 80% or more and 100% or less, are defined as Loop A. Furthermore, in other ground tissues that do not contain loop A, when the slip ratio relative to loop A is measured among all loops in one complete tissue, and the distance between two points in the wale direction is measured among loops with a slip ratio relative to loop A of 40% or more, when the loop with the largest distance between two points in the wale direction (maximum loop AA) is identified, loops that have the same or very similar loop structure as the maximum loop, and whose distance between two points in the wale direction is 80% to 100% of the distance between two points in the wale direction of the maximum loop AA, are defined as loop AA. Multiple loops A and loop AA may be included in one complete tissue.

[0020] In this specification, "loop B and loop BB" refers to loops that can be identified by the measurement methods for loop B and loop BB described in "Method for Identifying Loop A, Loop AA, Loop B, and Loop BB" below. For example, it refers to loops that are knitted only from knit material, and for example, after being knitted with tucks or welts, the distance between two points in the wale direction is smaller than that of loops knitted from knit material on the same wale in the direction of the end of knitting.

[0021] In this specification, "loop A in one ground tissue and loop AA in the other ground tissue do not overlap on opposite sides" means that the course direction displacement rate between loop A in one ground tissue and loop AA in the other ground tissue is 40% or more. The course direction displacement rate between loop A in one ground tissue and loop AA in the other ground tissue refers to the value defined by equation (3) described below.

[0022] In this specification, "Loop A in one ground structure and Loop BB in the other ground structure, and Loop B in one ground structure and Loop AA in the other ground structure overlap on opposite sides" means that the course deviation rate between Loop A in one ground structure and Loop BB in the other ground structure, and the course deviation rate between Loop B in one ground structure and Loop AA in the other ground structure are both 40% or less. The course deviation rates between Loop A in one ground structure and Loop BB in the other ground structure, and the course deviation rates between Loop B in one ground structure and Loop AA in the other ground structure refer to the values ​​defined in equation (3) described later.

[0023] <Content ratio of Loop A and Loop AA> In the knitted fabric of this embodiment, the proportion of loop A and loop AA in the knitted fabric is given by the following formula (4): The percentage of loop A and loop AA content = Total number of loops in loop A and loop AA / Total number of loops in a complete tissue... Equation (4) It can be expressed as follows. The total number of loops in Loop A and Loop AA refers to the number of knits, tucks, and welts that form Loop A and Loop AA in a complete knit structure, and does not include items that do not contain knits (such as connecting yarns composed only of tucks or inlay knits composed only of welts and tucks). The total number of loops refers to the number of knits, tucks, and welts that form the loops, and does not include knit structures that do not contain knits (such as connecting yarns composed only of tucks or inlay knits composed only of welts and tucks). The total number of loops in a complete knit refers to the total number of knits, tucks, and welts that form loops A, AA, B, and BB in a complete knit, and does not include knitted structures that do not contain knits (such as connecting yarns composed only of tucks or inlay knits composed only of welts and tucks). The content of loops A and AA is preferably 10-90%, more preferably 15-85%, and even more preferably 20-80% and 30-70%. If the content of loops A and AA is less than 10%, breathability necessary to maintain a comfortable environment inside the garment may not be achieved. If the content of loops A and AA exceeds 90%, the sunburn reduction effect may not be achieved.

[0024] In this specification, "full-dull yarn" refers to a fiber containing 0.6 to 5.0% by weight of inorganic fine particles.

[0025] The knitted fabric of this embodiment is a knitted fabric that includes a front fabric and a back fabric, characterized in that the front fabric has loops A and loop B, and the back fabric has loops AA and loops BB. This makes it possible to arbitrarily arrange structures with different distance ratios between two points in the wale direction in the front fabric and the back fabric, respectively, making it possible to obtain a knitted fabric with high UPF while maintaining breathability. In addition, loops other than loops A, AA, B, and BB may also be included.

[0026] As shown in Figure 2, the knitted fabric of this embodiment is characterized in that loop A in one ground fabric and loop AA in the other ground fabric do not overlap. This makes it possible to obstruct the propagation of light. The knitted fabric of this embodiment is characterized in that loop A in one base fabric and loop BB in the other base fabric, and loop B in one base fabric and loop AA in the other base fabric overlap on the front and back sides. As a result, the distance between two points in the wale direction is relatively large in loops A and AA, which enhances breathability, while the distance between two points in the wale direction is relatively small in loops B and BB, which hinders the propagation of ultraviolet rays, thereby achieving a high UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor).

[0027] The knitted fabric of this embodiment is characterized in that the distance between two points in the wale direction of loop B and loop BB is 0.1 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less. This allows for the inhibition of ultraviolet radiation and a high UPF value without compromising breathability. Preferably, the distance between two points in the wale direction of loop B is within the range of 0.3 mm to 1.2 mm, and more preferably within the range of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm. If the distance between two points in the wale direction of loop B and loop BB is less than 0.1 mm, the UPF can be increased, but breathability may decrease. If the distance between two points in the wale direction of loop B and loop BB exceeds 1.2 mm, breathability increases, but the UPF value may decrease.

[0028] In the knitted fabric of this embodiment, it is preferable to include full-dull yarn. The purpose of including inorganic fine particles in the fibers is to further improve the opacity and UV protection properties of the knitted garment. Fibers generally referred to as full-dull can be preferably used. Examples of inorganic fine particles include titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, etc. In this case, the content of inorganic fine particles in the fibers is preferably 1.0% by weight or more and 3.5% by weight or less, and more preferably 1.3 to 3.0% by weight. If the content of inorganic fine particles is less than 1.0% by weight, the UV cut effect may be insufficient, and if the content of inorganic particles exceeds 3.5% by weight, the inorganic fine particles may cause rapid needle wear during knitting, leading to more frequent maintenance of the knitting machine for mass production and unstable quality of the knitted fabric. Polyester fibers are preferred as the fibers containing inorganic fine particles, but other fibers that can contain inorganic particles, such as acrylic, rayon, cupro, and nylon, can also be used.

[0029] In the knitted fabric of this embodiment, the loop density is preferably 30C to 80C and 20W to 60W. Having the fabric density within this range makes it possible to increase UPF while simultaneously improving breathability. More preferably, the loop density is 30C to 70C and 30W to 50W. If the loop density is outside this range, it may not be possible to achieve both breathability and UPF.

[0030] In the knitted fabric of this embodiment, the air permeability according to JIS-L-1096-Air permeability method A (Fragile method) is 100 cc / cm². 2 Preferably, it should be 100cc / cm³ or more. 2 A breathability of 125 cc / cm² or higher makes it possible to maintain a comfortable environment inside the clothing. More preferably, the breathability is 125 cc / cm². 2 / s or more, and more preferably 175cc / cm³ 2 The breathability must be above / s. If the breathability is outside the above range, comfort may not be achieved when the garment is worn.

[0031] In the knitted fabric of this embodiment, a UPF of 15 or higher is preferable. A UPF of 15 or higher is expected to reduce sunburn. If the UPF is less than 15, the sunburn reduction effect may not be obtained.

[0032] <Method for identifying Loop A, Loop AA, Loop B, and Loop BB> <Loop A> In one of the ground tissues, the distance between two points in the Wale direction is measured in all loops within a complete tissue, and the loop with the largest ratio of the distance between two points in the Wale direction within a complete tissue is designated as loop A. <Loop AA> In other ground tissues that do not contain loop A, when the slip ratio relative to loop A is measured among all loops in a complete tissue, and the distance between two points in the wale direction is measured among the loops with a slip ratio relative to loop A of 40% or more, the loop with the largest distance between two points in the wale direction is defined as loop AA. <Loop B> Follow the steps outlined below, and designate any loop that satisfies requirements 1 and 2 as "Loop B". Step 1: Calculate the loop size and center point of loop AA (see Figure 3, center point: O). Step 2: Within one of the ground fabrics containing loop A, measure the course direction deviation of the stitches positioned opposite loop AA, and ensure that the course direction deviation of the loop is 40% or less (Requirement 1). Step 3: Among the loops that satisfy Requirement 1, the loop must have a two-point distance ratio in the wale direction with respect to Loop AA of 1.2 or more (Requirement 2). <Loop BB> The following procedure is followed, and any configuration that satisfies requirements 1 and 2 will be designated as a "loop BB". Step 1: Calculate the distance between two points in the course direction of Loop A and the center point (see Figure 3, center point: O). Step 2: Within the other ground tissue containing Loop AA, measure the deviation rate in the course direction from Loop A among the loops located opposite Loop A, and ensure that the deviation rate in the course direction is 40% or less (Requirement 1). Step 3: Among the loops that satisfy Requirement 1, the loop must have a distance ratio between two points in the wale direction with respect to Loop A that is 1.2 or greater (Requirement 2).

[0033] <Inelastic thread> The knitted fabric of this embodiment may contain natural fibers, synthetic fibers, regenerated (refined) cellulose fibers, etc., as non-elastic yarns. Examples of natural fibers include cotton, linen, silk, wool, etc. Examples of synthetic fibers include polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate and polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyamide fibers such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, and polyolefin fibers such as polyethylene and polypropylene. Bright yarns, semi-dull yarns, full-dull yarns, etc., can be arbitrarily selected, and the cross-sectional shape of the fibers can be any cross-sectional shape such as round, elliptical, W-shaped, cocoon-shaped, or hollow. The form of the fibers is not particularly limited and may be raw yarn or crimped yarn such as false twist. Examples of regenerated (refined) cellulose fibers include rayon, cupro, lyocell, etc. Regenerated (refined) cellulose fibers may be in the form of a single yarn as a raw yarn or twisted yarn, or in the form of a composite yarn with synthetic fibers as exemplified below.

[0034] <Elastic thread> The knitted fabric of this embodiment may contain non-elastic yarns, and the material and spinning method of the elastic yarns are not particularly limited. Polyurethane-based and polyether ester-based elastic yarns can be used, and for example, dry-spun or melt-spun yarns can be used. The elastic yarns may contain functionalizing agents such as special polymers or inorganic substances to impart functionality according to the purpose, such as high settability, deodorizing properties, and antibacterial properties. The fineness of the elastic yarns is preferably 9 to 155 dtex, and more preferably 15 to 80 dtex from the viewpoint of ease of knitted fabric production. When using covering yarn as the elastic yarn, single-covered yarn (SCY) or double-covered yarn (DCY) can be used as the covering yarn, and the total fineness of the covering yarn is preferably 20 to 200 dtex, and more preferably 30 to 155 dtex from the viewpoint of ease of fabric manufacturing.

[0035] <Other preferred embodiments> In the knitted fabric of this embodiment, the ratio of the distance between two points in the wale direction between overlapping loops A and BB on the front and back sides, and the ratio of the distance between two points in the wale direction between overlapping loops B and AA on the front and back sides, must be greater than 1.25. A ratio of two points in the wale direction greater than 1.25 hinders the propagation of light, allowing for increased breathability while maintaining a high UPF. The ratio of two points in the wale direction is more preferably 1.3 or higher, and even more preferably 1.5 or higher. If the ratio of two points in the wale direction is less than 1.2, it may not be possible to achieve both high breathability and high UPF.

[0036] <Method for forming loops A and B> In the knitted fabric of this embodiment, elastic yarn may be used in the base structure to impart elasticity to the knitted fabric. For example, by plating elastic yarn onto inelastic yarn in one course to form loops B and loop BB, and using only inelastic yarn in another course to form loops A and loop AA, it is possible to achieve both breathability and UPF while providing stretchability. Furthermore, by plating elastic yarn onto the inelastic yarn that constitutes loop B, the distance between two points in the wale direction of loop B becomes smaller, making it possible to increase the ratio of the distance between two loop points, and thus creating a knitted fabric with an even better balance of breathability and UPF. More preferably, it is preferable to use elastic yarn for both loops A and loop AA, and loops B and loop BB. This makes it possible to further improve the stretchability.

[0037] Furthermore, it is preferable to adjust the distance between two points in the wale direction of loops A and BB, and loops AA and B, through the knitting structure. For example, by knitting a tuck, knit or welt (miss) and knit towards the end of knitting on the same wale in the wale direction of the knitted fabric, it is possible to make the distance between two points in the wale direction larger than that of loops formed by knit alone, thereby forming loops A and AA. On the other hand, by forming a loop by knitting only on the same wale towards the end of knitting on the wale direction of the knitted fabric, it is possible to make the distance between two points in the wale direction smaller than that of loops knitted by tuck, knit or miss (welt) and knit, thereby forming loops B and BB. It is also possible to adjust the distance between two points in the wale direction by combining this with adjusting the yarn length.

[0038] <Percentage of deviation in course direction> <Percentage deviation in course direction between Loop A and Loop AA> As shown in Figure 4, for loop A in one ground tissue and loop AA in the other ground tissue to not overlap, it is preferable that the course direction deviation rate between loop A in one ground tissue and loop AA in the other ground tissue is 40% or more, more preferably 40% to 300%, even more preferably 40% to 200%, and particularly preferably 40% to 100%. If the course direction deviation rate between loop A in one ground tissue and loop AA in the other ground tissue is less than 40%, loop A and loop AA will overlap more than necessary, and the UPF may not be satisfied. Furthermore, it is preferable to adjust the course direction deviation rate between loop A in one ground tissue and loop AA in the other ground tissue depending on the purpose.

[0039] <Percentage of deviation in course direction between Loop A and Loop BB, and percentage of deviation in course direction between Loop AA and Loop B> As shown in Figure 5, in this specification, when loop A in one ground fabric does not overlap with loop BB in the other ground fabric, and loop B in one ground fabric does not overlap with loop AA in the other ground fabric, it is preferable, more preferably 30% or less, and even more preferably 20% or less, that the course direction displacement rate between loop A in one ground fabric and loop BB in the other ground fabric, and loop B in one ground fabric and loop AA in the other ground fabric is 40% or less. The lower the displacement rate, the closer the distance between loop A in one ground fabric and loop BB in the other ground fabric, and the closer the distance between loop B in one ground fabric and loop AA in the other ground fabric becomes, meaning they overlap more on the front and back sides. This means that loops B and BB are more likely to be positioned directly behind loops A and AA in the knitted fabric, resulting in a higher UPF (Upper Fabric Factor). If the deviation ratio in the course direction between loop A in one ground tissue and loop BB in the other ground tissue, and between loop B in one ground tissue and loop AA in the other ground tissue, exceeds 40%, loop A in one ground tissue and loop BB in the other ground tissue, and loop B in one ground tissue and loop AA in the other ground tissue will not overlap on opposite sides, and therefore the UPF may not be satisfied.

[0040] The thickness of the knitted fabric in this embodiment is preferably 0.30 mm to 2.00 mm, more preferably 0.40 mm to 1.50 mm. If the thickness is less than 0.30 mm, the air layer in the knitted fabric becomes unnecessarily small, which may reduce the UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor). If the thickness exceeds 2.00 mm, the air layer in the knitted fabric becomes unnecessarily large, which may reduce breathability. This knitted fabric is expected to reduce sunburn while also providing enhanced comfort when worn in hot environments.

[0041] The knitted fabric of this embodiment more preferably contains 40% or more by weight of full-dull yarn, and even more preferably 70% or more by weight. The higher the weight percentage of full-dull yarn, the higher the UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor), but this also increases wear on the knitting needles during fabric production, so it is preferable to adjust the percentage depending on the situation.

[0042] The knitting machine used to obtain the fabric of this embodiment is not particularly limited, and the gauge of the knitting machine can be arbitrarily selected, but the use of a knitting machine with a gauge of approximately 20 to 60 is more preferable. With a 20 to 60 gauge knitting machine, it is possible to use yarn of a suitable fineness to improve breathability, while increasing the loop density to reduce the distance between two points in the wale direction of loops B and loop BB, thereby making it possible to obtain a fabric with excellent breathability and UPF.

[0043] In this embodiment, it is preferable that the knitted fabric has separate front and back fabrics, but it is not particularly limited. Cardboard knit is particularly preferred because the front and back fabrics are completely separate, making it easy to adjust the overlap of loop A and loop B, and allowing for improved breathability and UPF. The connecting yarn for cardboard knit is not particularly limited. For example, if elastic yarn is used as the connecting yarn, the thickness of the knitted fabric will be reduced, resulting in greater flexibility. Conversely, if non-elastic yarn is used as the connecting yarn, the thickness of the knitted fabric will be increased, resulting in greater flexibility and firmness.

[0044] The knitted fabric of this embodiment may be dyed. A standard dyeing process can be used for the dyeing and finishing method, with dyeing conditions appropriate to the fiber material used. Any dyeing machine, such as a jet dyeing machine, wind dyeing machine, or paddle dyeing machine, can be used. Furthermore, processing agents can be used to improve water absorption and flexibility. Silicone-based, urethane-based, or ester-based softeners can be used, and the concentration should be appropriately selected according to the desired texture of the knitted fabric. A concentration in the range of 0.1%owf to 2.0%owf provides good bending flexibility and reduces friction between loops, thereby imparting soft stretch and recovery properties.

[0045] <Application> Because the knitted fabric of this embodiment has excellent breathability and UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor), it can be suitably used in textile products used in hot environments, such as shirts, innerwear, bottomwear, jackets, hoodies, cardigans, hats, socks, and masks, and is particularly suitable for use in shirts. [Examples]

[0046] The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. Of course, the present invention is not limited to these examples. The measurement methods for the characteristic values ​​used in the examples are shown below. Note that the knitted fabric used for measurement is cut from clothing; however, the present invention also includes knitted fabrics that are not used in clothing, and its applications are not limited to clothing.

[0047] (1) Basis weight (g / m 2 ) The weight of the knitted fabric is measured according to Method A (JIS method) of mass per unit area under standard conditions as specified in JIS-L-1096.

[0048] (2) Thickness (mm) The thickness of the knitted fabric is measured at five arbitrary locations on the fabric using a thickness gauge "DG-257" manufactured by Ozaki Seisakusho Co., Ltd., and the average value of the five measurements is calculated.

[0049] (3) Loop density (stitch density) Weft Loop Density (Wale Count): This measures the number of needle loops per inch in the weft direction (course direction) of the knitted fabric. Depending on the knitted fabric structure, the number of needle loops may differ from course to course. In this case, the number of needle loops in the course with the highest number of needle loops is used as the wale count, and the unit is wale count / inch (W / inch). Warp loop density (number of courses): The number of needle loops per inch in the warp direction (wale direction) of the knitted fabric is measured. In the case of knitted fabrics that include mesh sections, the number of needle loops may differ from wale to wale depending on the fabric structure. In this case, the number of needle loops of the wale with the highest number of needle loops is used as the number of courses, and the unit is number of courses / inch (C / inch).

[0050] (4) Breathability The measurements were taken using the Takayama Lead Co., Ltd. FX3300-IV air permeability tester, in accordance with JIS-L-1096-8.27.1-A method (Fragile type method).

[0051] (5) UPF (ultraviolet protection factor) In accordance with the Australian / New Zealand standard (AS / NZS;4399:1996), the ultraviolet transmittance in the 280-400 nm range was calculated using a Shimadzu UV-3100PC spectrophotometer, taking into account a predetermined damage coefficient.

[0052] (6) Ultraviolet shielding rate The ultraviolet transmittance (%) in the 280-400 nm range was measured using a Shimadzu UV-3100PC spectrophotometer, and the following formula was used: UV shielding rate (%) = 100 - UV transmittance (%) The UV protection rate (%) was calculated according to the following. In the measurement of UPF and UV protection rate, UV irradiation was performed on the fabric surface.

[0053] (7) "Distance between two points in the direction of the waltz" As shown in Figure 6, the knitted fabric is photographed with a microscope (Keyence VHX-6000), and the intersection point (circle 1) between needle loops in the wale direction of the knitted fabric is used as a reference. The intersection point (circle 2) between the closest needle loops on the same wale in the starting direction of the knitted fabric is then taken, and the distance between the intersection point (circle 1) and the intersection point (circle 2) is defined as the distance between the two points in the wale direction.

[0054] (8) "Ratio of distance between two points in the direction of the Wales" Loops A, AA, B, and BB in the knitted fabric were each photographed with a microscope (Keyence VHX-6000), and the distance between any two points in the wale direction was measured and calculated using the following equations (1) and (2). The ratio of the distances between any two points in the wale direction was rounded to one decimal place. Ratio of the distances between two points in the wale direction of Loop A and Loop BB = Distance between two points in the wale direction of Loop A [mm] / Distance between two points in the wale direction of Loop BB [mm] ... Equation (1) Ratio of the distances between two points in the Wahl direction of Loop AA and Loop B = Distance between two points in the Wahl direction of Loop AA [mm] / Distance between two points in the Wahl direction of Loop B [mm] ... Equation (2)

[0055] (9) Course direction deviation rate The knitted fabric is cut in the direction of the course to create an observation sample. Then, the observation sample, in a tension-free state, is attached to a flat surface with double-sided tape and fixed in place. The cut surface is photographed from the end of the knitting process using a microscope (Keyence VHX-6000). In the image shown in Figure 3, the cross-sectional center line X in the thickness direction of the loop is drawn. Point L is the intersection of the left end of the loop and the cross-sectional center line X, and point R is the intersection of the right end of the loop and the cross-sectional center line X. Point O is the 1 / 2 position between points L and R, and a perpendicular line Y is drawn from point O. This process is performed for each of loops A, AA, B, and BB. For each of loops A, AA, B, and BB, the distance between points L and R is measured and taken as the distance between two points in the direction of the course. In addition, the positional relationship of each loop is determined by measuring the distance of the perpendiculars between each loop and taking it as the difference between the center points. In other words, as shown in Figure 3, the deviation rate in the course direction [%] is calculated as: Center point difference [mm] / Distance between two points in the course direction [mm] × 100.

[0056] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the deviation rate in the course direction was calculated using the following equations (3), (4), and (5). In equations (3), (4), and (5), a deviation rate of 100% means, for example, that in loop A and loop AA, the distance between a point R in one loop and a point L in the other loop is 0. As the deviation rate falls below 100%, loop A and loop AA begin to overlap, and as the deviation rate exceeds 100%, the distance between loop A and loop AA begins to increase. Furthermore, a deviation rate of 100% means, for example, that the sum of the difference between the center points of loop A and loop AA, the distance between the perpendicular Y of loop A and point R in loop A (distance between two points in the course direction of loop A / 2), and the distance between the perpendicular Y of loop AA and point L in loop AA (distance between two points in the course direction of loop AA / 2) is equal. The deviation rate in the direction of the course between Loop A and Loop AA = Difference between the center points of Loop A and Loop AA / (Distance between two points in the direction of the course of Loop A / 2 + Distance between two points in the direction of the course of Loop AA / 2) ... Equation (3) The deviation rate in the direction of the courses of Loop A and Loop BB = Difference between the center points of Loop A and Loop BB / (Distance between two points in the direction of the course of Loop A / 2 + Distance between two points in the direction of the course of Loop BB / 2) ... Equation (4) The deviation rate in the direction of the course between Loop AA and Loop B = Difference between the center points of Loop AA and Loop B / (Distance between two points in the direction of the course of Loop AA / 2 + Distance between two points in the direction of the course of Loop B / 2) ... Equation (5)

[0057] [Comfort of wearing] Long-sleeved T-shirts were created using the knitted fabrics obtained from the examples and comparative examples. Monitors wore the created long-sleeved T-shirts and, under conditions of 30°C and 50% RH simulating early summer commuting, sat still for 5 minutes after putting on the shirt, then walked on a treadmill at a speed of 4.5 km / hr for 20 minutes. Comfort during wear, from putting on the shirt to the end of the walk, was subjectively evaluated on a 5-point scale based on the following evaluation criteria. The test was conducted with 10 monitors, and the average score for each item was used as the evaluation result. The average score was rounded to one decimal place. An average score of 4.0 or higher was considered to indicate excellent wearability or comfort.

[0058] [Evaluation Criteria for Wearing Comfort] Comfort during wear was evaluated on a 5-point scale based on factors such as coolness, reduced sweating, and ease of movement. 5 out of 5: Very comfortable 4 points: Comfortable 3 points: There's nothing particularly strange about it. 2 points: Unpleasant 1 point: It is extremely unpleasant.

[0059] The measurement methods for the characteristic values ​​used in the examples are shown below. Note that the knitted fabric used for measurement is cut from clothing; however, the present invention also includes knitted fabrics that are not used in clothing, and its applications are not limited to clothing.

[0060] [Examples 1-7, Comparative Examples 1-3] Using a double circular knitting machine, knitted fabrics were prepared according to the gauge, structure, and yarn usage described in Figures 8-17 to obtain raw fabric. The raw fabrics were relaxed and scoured in a continuous scouring machine, and then pre-set at 185°C for 1 minute. Dyeing methods according to each material were performed in a jet dyeing machine (polyester: disperse dyeing, nylon: acid dyeing, cotton: reactive dyeing), and a final set was performed at 160°C for 1 minute to obtain knitted fabric with the specified finished density. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1 below, except for Comparative Example 2, where the evaluation results for two layers of knitted fabric are shown. Figure 7 shows the loop relationships in a complete structure of Example 1.

[0061] In Tables 1 and 2 and Figures 8-17 below, Ny stands for nylon, Pet for polyester, Co for cotton, Pu for polyurethane elastic yarn, K for knit, T for tuck, W for welt, and DTY for draw-textured yarn. For long fibers, for example, the notation 84dtex144f means that the yarn has a fineness of 84 decitex and contains 144 single fibers. For short fibers, for example, the notation 40 / 1 (or 40 / -) means 40 count cotton single yarn. "Course number (No.)" indicates the knitting order of courses in one complete knit, with courses having smaller course numbers being the starting point. "Needle number" indicates the arrangement of knitting needles in one complete knit, with needles being knitted sequentially from the smallest number. If "Pet" is written in the "Yarn Type 1" section and "Pu" in the "Yarn Type 2" section, it means that Pet and Pu are knitted together in that course. Also, in Figures 8-17, only one complete knitting structure is shown.

[0062] [Table 1]

[0063] [Table 2] [Industrial applicability]

[0064] Because the knitted fabric of this embodiment has excellent breathability and UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor), it can be suitably used in textile products used in hot environments, such as shirts, innerwear, bottomwear, jackets, hoodies, cardigans, hats, socks, and masks, and is particularly suitable for use in shirts. [Explanation of symbols]

[0065] NL Needle Loop SL Sinker Loop OL Old Loop Left endpoint of the L-loop O center point Right endpoint of the R loop Circular 1: Intersection of needle loops in the wale direction of the knitted fabric Using Circle 2 as a reference, the intersection of the needle loops is the closest needle loop on the same wale in the starting direction of the knitted fabric.

Claims

1. A knitted fabric comprising a front ground fabric and a back ground fabric, wherein one ground fabric has at least loop A and loop B, and the other ground fabric has at least loop AA and loop BB, wherein loop A in one ground fabric and loop AA in the other ground fabric do not overlap on the front and back, loop A in one ground fabric and loop BB in the other ground fabric, and loop B in one ground fabric and loop AA in the other ground fabric overlap on the front and back, and the distance between two points in the wale direction of loop B and loop BB is 0.1 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less. However, loop A is defined as a loop that, when measuring the distance between two points in the wale direction in all loops within one complete tissue, identifies the loop with the largest distance between two points in the wale direction within one complete tissue (maximum loop A), and has the same or very similar loop structure as said maximum loop, and has a distance between two points in the wale direction of said maximum loop A that is 80% or more and 100% or less of said maximum loop A. Loop AA is defined as a loop that, when measuring the slip ratio relative to Loop A in other ground tissues that do not include Loop A, and measuring the distance between two points in the wale direction among loops with a slip ratio relative to Loop A of 40% or more, and identifying the loop with the largest distance between two points in the wale direction (maximum loop AA), has the same or very similar loop structure as said maximum loop, and has a distance between two points in the wale direction of 80% to 100% of the distance between two points in the wale direction of said maximum loop AA. Loop B has the following requirements 1 and 2: Requirement 1: Calculate the distance between two points in the course direction of loop AA and its center point, measure the course direction deviation of the stitches placed opposite loop AA within one of the ground fabrics containing loop A, and ensure that the course direction deviation is 40% or less of the loop; Requirement 2: Among the loops that satisfy Requirement 1, the ratio of the distance between two points in the wale direction with Loop AA = distance between two points in the wale direction of Loop AA [mm] / distance between two points in the wale direction of Loop B [mm] is greater than 1.25; It is a loop that satisfies the following conditions, and Loop BB has the following requirements 1 and 2: Requirement 1: Calculate the distance between two points in the course direction and the center point of Loop A, and among the loops located opposite Loop A in the other ground structure that includes Loop AA, measure the deviation rate in the course direction from Loop A, and the loop must have a deviation rate in the course direction of 40% or less; Requirement 2: Among the loops that satisfy Requirement 1, the loop is one in which the ratio of the distance between two points in the wale direction with Loop A = distance between two points in the wale direction of Loop A [mm] / distance between two points in the wale direction of Loop BB [mm] is greater than 1.

25.

2. The knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein the content ratio of loop A and loop AA within a complete structure in one of the ground fabrics and the other ground fabric is 10% to 90%.

3. The knitted fabric according to claim 1 or 2, comprising full-dull yarn.

4. The knitted fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the knitting density is 30C to 80C and 20W to 60W.

5. According to JIS-L-1096-Permeability Method A (Fragile Method), the permeability is 100 cc / cm³. ２ The knitted fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the length is / s or greater.

6. The knitted fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the UPF is 15 or higher.

7. A textile product comprising the knitted fabric described in claim 1 or 2.

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