Plant growth promoting components

Abstract

Compared to conventional materials, this plant can promote plant growth more safely and inexpensively. To provide a growth-promoting composition. [Solution] One or more selected from the group consisting of onion extract and onion powder are used as active ingredients. A plant growth promoting composition containing the following.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a plant growth promoting composition and a plant growth promoting method.

Background Art

[0002] Currently, due to the explosive increase in population, producing sufficient amounts of food plants has become a global issue. In addition, desertification of land due to reduction of green spaces and the like is also a problem. Furthermore, the rise in surface temperature based on the global warming phenomenon is also a problem, and the environmental problems in growing plants are increasing. That is, excessive stress based on environmental factors in plants often causes problems in plant growth. Therefore, there is a need for a technology that promises more efficient harvesting. Biostimulants have attracted attention as a new technology that reduces damage to plants caused by climate and soil conditions by controlling environmental stress on plants and provides healthy plants.

[0003]

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses a plant stomatal opening promoter containing stevia, and it has been reported that heat stress tolerance can be improved by artificially promoting the opening of plant stomata with stevia. Patent Document 2 discloses a composition for activating genes that activate the ethylene and / or jasmonic acid signal transduction system, containing yeast cell wall degradation products. It has been reported that by applying yeast cell wall degradation products to plants, the expression of plant defensin genes involved in antibacterial properties and disease prevention of plants can be activated.

[0005] Patent Document 3 describes the inoculation of a cell wall-containing substance of methanol-utilizing bacteria into plants used for cultivating grains. This discloses a method for increasing grain yields. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6741262 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 4931388 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2019-180361 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] As mentioned above, various materials have been used to improve the environmental stress tolerance and yield of plants. Although research has been conducted on this, there have been no reported cases of using onion extract or onion powder. I haven't done that. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] As a result of diligent research, the inventors have found that by using a uniquely developed high-precision screening method... Therefore, one or more materials selected from the group consisting of onion extract and onion powder among various materials. We discovered that the above substance is an effective ingredient for promoting plant growth, and thus completed the present invention.

[0008] In other words, the present invention is as follows. [1] Contains one or more active ingredients selected from the group consisting of onion extract and onion powder. Plant growth promoting composition. [2] A plant growth promoting composition as described in [1] above, which has a phosphorus absorption promoting effect. [3] The plant growth promoting composition according to [2] above, which increases the expression level of a phosphate absorption-related gene. [4] The plant growth promoting composition according to [2] above, which further has an action of improving stress tolerance against one or more selected from the group consisting of chemical stress including nutrient deficiency stress or nutrient excess stress, pH stress, and salt stress. stress. [5] The plant growth promoting composition according to [4] above, which increases the expression level of a stress tolerance gene against one or more selected from the group consisting of chemical stress including nutrient deficiency stress or nutrient excess stress, pH stress, and salt stress. [6] The plant growth promoting composition according to any one of [1] to [5] above, which has one or more plant growth promoting actions selected from the group consisting of promotion of elongation or weight increase of stems, leaves or roots, increase in the number of leaves, promotion of flowering or fruiting, increase in the number of flowers or fruits, increase in plant weight or crop yield, greening, and promotion of tillering. [7] A plant growth promoting method of using a plant growth promoting composition containing as an active ingredient one or more selected from the group consisting of onion extract and onion powder for a plant or the soil or culture solution in which the plant grows. [8] The plant growth promoting method according to [7] above, wherein the amount of use of the plant growth promoting composition with respect to the culture solution or diluting solvent is 0.001 to 50% by mass or 0.001 to 50% by volume.

Effects of the Invention

[0009] By applying the composition containing one or more selected from the group consisting of onion extract and onion powder of the present invention to a plant, the growth of the plant can be promoted more safely and at a lower cost compared with conventional materials.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0010] [Figure 1] Images observing the improvement of rice root growth when no onion extract is added (left) and when 0.45 mL of a plant growth promoting composition containing onion extract is added (right) (Example 1). [Figure 2] Images observing the improvement of rice root growth when no onion extract is added (left) and when 0.90 mL of a plant growth promoting composition containing onion extract is added (right) (Example 1). [Figure 3] Results showing the dry weight of the rice roots when no onion extract is added and when 0.45 mL or 0.90 mL of a plant growth promoting composition containing onion extract is added (Example 1). [Figure 4] Results showing the total amount of phosphorus contained in the rice roots when no onion extract is added and when 0.45 mL or 0.90 mL of a plant growth promoting composition containing onion extract is added (Example 2). [Figure 5] Images observing the improvement of rice root growth when no onion powder is added (left) and when 0.45 g of a plant growth promoting composition containing onion powder is added (right) (Example 3). [Figure 6] Images observing the improvement of rice root growth when no onion powder is added (left) and when 0.90 g of a plant growth promoting composition containing onion powder is added (right) (Example 3). [Figure 7] Results showing the dry weight of the rice roots when no onion powder is added and when 0.45 g or 0.90 g of a plant growth promoting composition containing onion powder is added (Example 3). [Figure 8] Results showing the total amount of phosphorus contained in the rice roots when no onion powder is added and when 0.45 g or 0.90 g of a plant growth promoting composition containing onion powder is added (Example 4). [Figure 9]The expression levels of phosphate absorption-related genes in rice roots are shown for cases without onion extract and when 0.90 mL of a plant growth-promoting composition containing onion extract is added (Example 5). [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0011] The following describes in detail the embodiments for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as "this embodiment"). This will be explained. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, but is within the scope of its gist. It can be implemented with various modifications.

[0012] <Plant growth promoting composition> The plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment is a group consisting of onion extract and onion powder. The plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment contains one or more selected as active ingredients. , one or two selected from the group consisting of onion extract and onion powder as active ingredients It may contain either onion extract or onion powder as the active ingredient. It may contain both onion extract and onion powder as active ingredients. Leeks are plants belonging to the genus Allium in the family Amaryllidaceae. Specifically, Al Lilium cepa is one example. The onion variety is not particularly limited; for example, yellow onions, white onions. Green onions, purple onions (red onions), salad onions, baby onions, pearl onions, parsley Examples include luonions, ruby ​​onions, spring onions, and shallots, and more specifically... These include Kitawase No. 3, SN-1, SN-3, SN-3A, Okhotsk 222, and Okhotsk No. 1. Okhotsk 333, Kita Momiji 2000, Super Kita Momiji, H235, Kita Hayate No. 2, Bullet Bear, Arrow Bear, Power Wolf, Brown Bear, Kodiak, Ichor, Vega Su, Hayajiro, Sarari, Caloe One, Ezomaru, Sarasara Gold, Kurenai, R-5, Re Red Eye Early, Red Eye II, Red Eye, Red One, Snowscape 2, Snowscape, White Ito No. 1, Kita Wase No. 1, Pecoros 22 Super, Pecoros F Okhotsk, Kitami Yellow, Sapporo Yellow Sorachi Yellow, Quer Gold, OPP-5, OMP-3, OSP-3, CS3-12, Toyo Hira, Idol Momoe, Idol Masako, Idol Junko, Keeper 808, Keltama Ruby, Hero Z, Polestar 100, Shōjō Aka, Risshun no Kaori, Hokkai Tenshin, Kita no Rouji Yu, Hosan Kogane, Hosan Kurenai, Hidaten, Hidamari, Bansei Kogane, Hakata Kogane EX, Hakata Kogane, Tokyo Red, Tenju Onion, Storage Hanging Onion, Mid-season Kogane, Chikyu Super Up, Chikyu Up No. 2, Chikyu Up No. 1, Daihikyu, Waseko, Wasemaru Shugyoku E-type, Wasemaru Shugyoku, Wasekoga Ne, Senshu Nakataka Yellow, Senshu Nakataka, Akatama Salad, Shinbansei Kogane, Shonan Red, Harukaze Maru, Haruichi Ban, Hidetama Maru, Takano Marugata Onion, Takano Ogon Onion, Beni Hidetama Maru, Kotaka Aka, Kotaka Rouge, Tsukiwa 2 No. 1, Kei, Kinsho Senshu Yellow No. 2 Onion, Kinsho Shunyo Yellow Onion, Kinsho Tamano Haru Onion, Nishikimari, Kikin, Improved Unzen Maru, Oshu, Unzen Super Early, Rosetama, Red Relief, Roubaix, Levain, Lambda No. 2, Lambda Yellow, Lucky, Momiji No. 3, Marumi, Mach, Mercury No. 3, White Bear , Bolt, Hold, Fresh Red, Power, Happy 501, Hyper Linear (trial (MO-75), Neo Earth, Top Gold 525, Top Gold 515, Top Gold 430, Top Gold 415, Top Gold 305, Turbo, Tarzan, So Nick, Century 2, Swallow, Spurt, Super Haru Ichiban, Super Rini A, Supermoon, Super Kogane, Charm, Shinonome, Jetball, Jet Star, Salad Red, Sakura Express II, Sakura Express I, Kohaku No. 2, Ko Haku, Keltama, Kurenai, Aurora, A-One, Yellow Drop, Amagashi No. 2, Aton, Early Top, O·P Yellow, O·L Yellow, O·K Yellow, MT-1411, F1 Early-maturing Dachi Onion, F1 Extra Early-Maturing FA Onion, F1 Kyoto-Grown Onion, AS-115, Kazusa No. 13 Tiger Jet, KA953, KAR-003, KA-957, KA-956, TP Examples of varieties include S-157, Risshun no Kaori, TG-320, Hama no Takara, Hama Warai, and Noncooler. The origin of the onions is not particularly limited.

[0013] In this embodiment, onion extract is obtained by extracting specific components from onions. The parts used for extraction are not particularly limited; for example, leaf blade, leaf sheath (petiole), bulb (scale leaf, storage leaf, These include the edible parts, the skin (protective leaves), the core, the stem (flower stalk / flower bulb base), and the roots, and these can be used individually. They may also be used in combination. Onion extract can be used, for example, in the plant growth promoting composition described later. It can be obtained by the method described in "Preparation Method". Also, onion powder is made from onions and It is made by drying and grinding onion extract, and is not particularly limited to that.

[0014] The plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment is a composition having a plant growth promoting effect. Here, the plant growth-promoting effect refers, for example, to the elongation or increase in weight of the stems, leaves, or roots. Increase in the number of leaves, promotion of flowering or fruiting, increase in the number of flowers or fruits, plant weight or These effects include increased crop yield, greening, and promotion of crop growth such as tillering.

[0015] When a plant growth promoting effect is observed, more specifically, the plant growth promoting group of this embodiment Compare the use of the product with and without it, and determine the increase in actual weight (%) or dry weight. This refers to an increase in the percentage increase. The actual weight or dry weight refers to the actual weight or dry weight of the entire plant. It may be the dry weight, and the actual weight or dry weight of each part of the plant (preferably the roots) It may be. When using a plant growth promoting composition, the increase in actual weight (%) or The dry weight increase (%) is compared to the case where the plant growth promoting composition of this embodiment is not used. Preferably, it increases to 10% or more, more preferably 20%, and even more preferably 30% or more. If so, then. If it has a plant growth promoting effect, then without the use of the plant growth promoting composition, it will not grow at all. If this is not observed, then the use of a plant growth promoting composition may result in observed growth. This includes the combined value. Note that the above values ​​represent the average value for all plants to which the plant growth promoting composition was applied. That is the case.

[0016] In addition, the plant growth-promoting effect also includes the following effects that improve plant activity: ru. 1) Improved root elongation and root survival rate 2) Increased nutrient absorption efficiency 3) Induction of flower buds, promotion of flowering, and increase of fruit set. 4) Accumulation of components such as sugars 5) Increased water-saving effect 6) Inducing effect of callus formation 7) Improvement of plant size, particularly elongation or thickening of above-ground and underground parts. 8) Wound repair In other words, the plant growth promoting composition of this embodiment promotes elongation of stems and leaves or roots, and increases the number of leaves. In addition, it promotes flowering or fruiting, increases the number of flowers or fruits, and increases plant weight or crop yield. In addition to growth-promoting effects such as increased growth, greening, or accelerated tillering, as described in 1) to 8) above, It may have the following effects. When the effect described in 1) above is exerted, nutrient absorption by the roots It may be promoted, and the overall growth of the plant may be accelerated.

[0017] The plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment may also have a phosphorus absorption promoting effect. In this embodiment, "enhancement of phosphate absorption" means the absorption of phosphate by plants, preferably plant roots. This means promoting the absorption of acid. By promoting the absorption of phosphorus by plants, The amount of phosphate present in the body may increase. Also, the phosphate whose absorption is promoted is beneficial for plants. Phosphates in the soil and culture solution in which the plants grow, and phosphates in fertilizers applied to the soil and culture solution, etc. Good. The plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment activates phosphate absorption-related molecules. This may promote the absorption of phosphate by plants. In one embodiment, this embodiment is A li containing one or more selected from the group consisting of onion extract and onion powder as an active ingredient. We also provide a composition that promotes the absorption of nicotine.

[0018] The plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment has a phosphorus absorption promoting effect, thereby promoting plant growth It may also exhibit growth-promoting effects.

[0019] The phosphorus absorption promoting effect of the plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment is, for example, that of plant growth promoting Plants treated with the advanced composition are grown under conditions of optimal growth temperature and growth period for the plants. The plant is grown, and the amount of phosphorus in the plant (preferably in the roots of the plant) is controlled by the plant growth promoting group. This can be confirmed by comparing and evaluating the amount of phosphorus in plants that have not been treated with the product. It is possible.

[0020] If the plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment has a phosphorus absorption promoting effect, It has the effect of conferring tolerance to environmental stresses such as stress, pH stress, and salt stress. Furthermore, it may also have chemical stress, such as nutritional deficiency stress or nutritional excess stress. Includes S.

[0021] In this embodiment, "environmental stress" tolerance refers to the ability to withstand environmental stress under growing conditions. However, this can result in inability to grow (death), poor growth (for example, whitening or yellowing of the plant body, or reduction in root length). (or a decrease in the number of leaves), a decrease in growth rate, or a decrease in plant weight or crop yield. They can grow normally or in a near-normal state without being substantially affected by undesirable influences. This refers to the trait of increasing the plant's tolerance to environmental stress. The plant growth promoting composition of this embodiment enhances the plant's tolerance to environmental stress. By improving this, the plant can avoid external environmental factors that would otherwise negatively impact its growth. Even so, it is possible to grow plants normally.

[0022] The plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment has a phosphorus absorption promoting effect, and also a nutrient deficiency From chemical stress, pH stress, and salt stress, including tres or nutrient overload stress It may have a stress tolerance-enhancing effect on one or more species selected from the group.

[0023] In this embodiment, the environmental stress tolerance of plants is determined by examining the target plant under each environmental stress condition. This can be confirmed by growing them under certain conditions and evaluating their phenotype. For example, salt Tress tolerance can be determined by placing the target plant in a culture medium or soil with an appropriate concentration of salt. The plants were grown under optimal growing temperature and growing period conditions, and their phenotype was evaluated. This can be confirmed by doing so.

[0024] If the plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment has a phosphorus absorption promoting effect, It may also be a method that increases the expression level of absorption-related genes. Phosphate absorption-related genes include The following are some commonly known genes that are thought to be related to phosphate absorption, without being particularly limited. For example, the National Center for Biotechnolog y Information(NCBI), Ensembl Plants, The A rabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR), Th e Rice Annotation Project (RAP) and other known databases The genes disclosed in the document are examples of such genes.

[0025] If the plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment has an effect of improving environmental stress tolerance, It may also be a gene that activates the stress response system. However, it is not particularly limited and can be used as an indicator of response to chemical stress, pH stress, and salt stress. These are commonly known genes. They are generally used as indicators of response to chemical stress. Known genes are commonly used as indicators of responses to nutritional deficiency stress and nutritional excess stress. It may also be a gene known to be affected by chemical stress, pH stress, and salt stress. Genes commonly known as response indicators include, for example, National Cent. er for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), E nsembl Plants, The Arabidopsis Information n Resource(TAIR), The Rice Annotation Pro This gene is disclosed in publicly available databases such as ject (RAP).

[0026] The plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment is a group consisting of onion extract and onion powder. It may contain one or more selected ingredients individually, or in combination with one or more agriculturally permissible ingredients. They may be included together. There are no particular limitations on the agriculturally permissible components, but for example... For example, solvents, carriers, excipients, binders, solubilizers, stabilizers, thickeners, swelling agents, lubricants, and Surfactants, oily liquids, buffers, disinfectants, antifreezes, defoamers, colorants, antioxidants, preservatives, and Further active ingredients can be listed. Agriculturally acceptable carriers include water, kerosene, etc. Mineral oil fractions such as sen oil or diesel oil, oils of plant or animal origin, cyclic or Aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., paraffins, tetrahydronaphthalenes, alkylated naphthalenes) or derivatives thereof, or alkylated benzenes or derivatives thereof), alcohol (e.g. methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, or cyclohexanol) (Lu), ketones (e.g., cyclohexanone), or amines (e.g., N-methylpyrrolide) Agriculturally acceptable liquid carriers such as (n) or mixtures thereof are preferred.

[0027] When the plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment contains one or more additional active ingredients Further active ingredients include various phosphate absorption-promoting and environmentally friendly compounds known in this technology. Compounds that improve Tress tolerance can be applied to plant growth promoting compositions. By containing one or more additional active ingredients, the plant's phosphorus absorption-promoting effect is achieved. There is a tendency for environmental stress tolerance to be further improved.

[0028] The plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment is used in combination with conventionally known agricultural materials such as pesticides and fertilizers. It can be used as an agricultural material, such as pesticides, fertilizers, soil conditioners, and potting soil. These include fungicides, insecticides, insecticide-fungicides, acaricides, and nematicides. This includes rodenticides, insecticides / repellents, attractants, spreading agents, hormones (growth regulators), herbicides, etc. Fertilizers can include organic fertilizers, chemical fertilizers, liquid fertilizers, solid fertilizers, compound fertilizers, compost, and growth stimulants. Soil conditioners may be soil enhancers, vitality enhancers, calcium supplements, etc., and soil conditioners are physical, chemical, or biological. It may be intended for general soil improvement and may also be an oxygen supply agent, etc. Also, pesticides Fertilizers, soil conditioners, and growing media contain components derived from plants, animals, lime, minerals, or microorganisms. It's okay to be there.

[0029] A plant growth promoting composition selected from the group consisting of onion extract and onion powder. The content of one or more ingredients in the overall plant growth promoting composition is either onion extract or onion powder. As long as one or more selected from the group functions as an active ingredient for promoting plant growth, Any value is acceptable, for example, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 , or 90% by mass (volume) or more, 99, 95, 90, 80, 70, 60, It may be 50, 40, 30, 20, or 10% by mass (volume) or less.

[0030] The plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment is used as an agricultural chemical agent or pesticide to promote plant growth It can be used to promote plant growth. Plant growth promoting compositions include, for example, solids (e.g., Any form such as powder or granules, or liquid (e.g., solution or suspension) It is often preferable to use it in liquid form, such as a solution or suspension. In some cases, it may be in liquid form, and may be used as a liquid prepared at the time of application. .

[0031] The dosage form of the plant growth promoting composition of this embodiment is not particularly limited and is a form commonly used in the art. The formulation can be made into emulsions, wettable powders, liquids, water-soluble powders, powders, pastes, or granules. It is possible.

[0032] In this embodiment, the plants to which the plant growth promoting composition can be applied are not particularly limited. Rather, examples include angiosperms and gymnosperms. Examples of plants include: For example, plants of the Asteraceae family such as chrysanthemums and gerberas, potatoes, tomatoes and eggplants. Brassicaceae plants such as rapeseed and rapeseed, rice, corn, wheat, and other plants. Grasses like corn and barley, legumes like soybeans, and plants like carrots. Plants of the Apiaceae family, Lamiaceae plants such as basil, mint, and rosemary, and morning glories. Convolvulaceae plants, willow-like plants such as poplars, castor bean, cassava, and jatropha. Plants of the Euphorbiaceae family such as the sweet potato, plants of the Convolvulaceae family such as the orange and lemon. Rutaceous plants like citrus trees, roses like cherry blossoms and roses, and orchids like phalaenopsis orchids. Plants of the family, such as gentian plants like lisianthus, and primrose plants like cyclamen. Plants of the Violaceae family, such as pansies; plants of the Liliaceae family, such as lilies; plants of the Amaranthaceae family, such as sugar beets. Plants such as grapes and other Vitaceae plants, cypress and cedar and other Cypressaceae plants, olive and cypress Examples include plants of the Oleaceae family, such as Osmanthus fragrans, and plants of the Pinaceae family, such as Pinus densiflora.

[0033] The plants considered include not only the whole plant (i.e., a complete plant), but also the plant tissues. Or organs (for example, cut flowers, or vegetative propagating organs such as rhizomes, tubers, corms, or runners). It may be a plant part such as a cultured cell or callus.

[0034] The plant growth promoting composition in this embodiment promotes any growth of plants, including before or after germination. The whole or part of a plant in a stage (e.g., a seed, seedling or the whole or part of a mature plant) It can be applied to the part shown.

[0035] <Method for preparing a plant growth promoting composition> A method for preparing a plant growth promoting composition is, for example, from onion extract and onion powder. After obtaining one or more selected from the group, mix with the agriculturally permissible components described above as necessary. It can be obtained by combining them. There are no particular restrictions on how onion extract can be obtained; it can be obtained using any general method for extracting plant extracts. These can be used. Specifically, for example, onion leaf blades, leaf sheaths (petioles), bulbs (scale leaves, Selected from the group consisting of storage leaves (edible parts), bark (protective leaves), core, stem (flower stalk / flower bulb base), and roots. After heating or crushing one or more selected ingredients, impurities are removed to obtain onion extract raw materials. The process involves a step of obtaining an onion concentrate by concentrating the onion extract raw material obtained in the above step, By fractionating the onion concentrate obtained in the above process, an onion extract containing specific components can be obtained. It can be obtained by a process that includes the following steps. Alternatively, onion extract raw material, or The onion concentrate may be used as is, as onion extract. In each step, or each After the process, the onion extract raw material, onion concentrate, or onion extract is heated or pressurized. This is also acceptable. When performing heat treatment or pressurization treatment, a solvent may be added as appropriate. Also, onions The conditions for obtaining the onion extract will be determined appropriately depending on the variety, part, and condition of the onion used. It can be determined. The method of obtaining onion powder is not particularly limited; it can be obtained from onion extract raw materials, onion concentrate, or Onion residues such as impurities generated during the acquisition of onion extract, onion extract raw materials, Onion concentrate, onion extract, or onion (onion leaf blade, leaf sheath (petiole), bulb (scale leaf, storage) Select from the group consisting of (edible leaves), bark (protective leaves), core, stem (flower stalk / flower bulb base), and root. One or more types of fresh or frozen products are dried using methods such as hot air drying, air drying, dry heat drying, or vacuum drying. It can be obtained by drying it according to the law and then crushing it into a powder.

[0036] (Crushing process) Onions can be crushed using fresh or dried onions, for example, by using a blender. This can be done. When crushing onions, add an appropriate amount of water to make processing with a blender easier. You can do that. The crushed onions can be filtered using a filter cloth or filter paper to remove impurities. Obtain a raw onion extract. When filtration is performed, pre-add an extraction solvent such as an organic solvent. Alternatively, instead of filtration, impurities may be removed by obtaining the supernatant using a centrifuge. That's fine.

[0037] (concentration process) The obtained onion extract raw material is concentrated using methods such as vacuum concentration, freeze concentration, and membrane concentration. This allows you to obtain concentrated onion liquid. The concentration ratio during the concentration process is preferably 3 to 30. It is twice as much, and more preferably 4 to 20 times. When the concentration ratio is 5 times or more, plant growth is promoted. Because the amount of the composition added to the plants is reduced, handling is improved and transportation costs are lowered. There is a tendency for this to happen, and if the dilution is 30 times or less, there is less precipitate in the plant growth promoting composition, making it easier to handle. It tends to become easier. Furthermore, in the preparation of plant growth-promoting compositions, concentration of onion extract raw materials is not essential. Alternatively, the obtained onion extract raw material may be used directly in the following fractionation process.

[0038] (Fractional process) The resulting onion concentrate can be fractionated by solvent extraction or other methods to obtain onions containing specific components. An extract can be obtained. In the fractionation process, for example, the hydrophilic fraction and the hydrophobic fraction can be separated by liquid-liquid partitioning. A sexual fraction is obtained. Further refinement of the fraction can be obtained by passing it through a column.

[0039] The onion extract obtained in the fractionation process may be further purified or separated into high-activity fractions as needed. It may be used for research purposes. Purification processes include, for example, filtration, adsorption (ion exchange resin column, active Treatment using carbon columns, etc., is one example. In addition, gels are used as a separation treatment for highly active fractions. Examples of treatments include filtration, adsorption, silica gel column chromatography, and HPLC. .

[0040] <Plant growth promotion method> The plant growth promotion method in this embodiment is derived from the onion extract and onion powder described above. A composition containing one or more selected from the group as an active ingredient is used to stimulate plants or plant growth. This method promotes plant growth by using it in soil or nutrient solution. In this case, the plant growth promoting composition is used on plants at any growth stage, including before or after germination. It can be applied to that part (for example, seeds, seedlings, or mature plants). It can be applied not only to the plant itself, but also to the soil, growing medium, or nutrient solution in which the plant grows. Add a plant growth promoting composition to plants in the growth stage or to the soil, culture medium, or nutrient solution in which the plants are growing. By applying it, plant growth can be promoted.

[0041] One or more selected from the group consisting of onion extract and onion powder as described above are used as active ingredients. By using a composition containing the above in plants, or in the soil or culture solution in which plants grow, It can also promote the absorption of phosphate by plants. This embodiment promotes the absorption of phosphate by plants. We also provide methods for doing so.

[0042] The plant growth promoting composition may be applied to plants once or multiple times. It may be included. Also, when there are multiple application periods, the number of applications at each application period and It can be done once or multiple times.

[0043] Methods for applying plant growth-promoting compositions to plants include, for example, adding, spraying, coating, and immersion. These are some examples. These can be performed individually or in combination of two or more. The plant growth promoting composition may be applied to plants by hand or by machine. It is also fine. When using machinery, there are no particular limitations, but for example, using a drone for application (spraying) ) is also acceptable.

[0044] The amount of plant growth promoting composition to be applied to plants is determined by the amount applied to the culture medium in which the plants are growing. When applying it to a field or other area where plants are growing after diluting it with a diluting solvent, use a culture solution or dilute The amount of plant growth promoting composition used relative to the solvent is preferably 0.001 to 50% by mass, or 0.001 to 50% by volume, more preferably 0.01 to 30% by mass, or 0.01 to 3 0% by volume, more preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, or 0.01 to 10% by volume. When the amount of plant growth promoting composition used is within the above range, a sufficient plant growth promoting effect can be obtained. There is a tendency for this to occur, but the group consisting of onion extract and onion powder in plant growth promoting compositions The content of one or more selected ingredients, the type of plant to which the plant growth promoting composition is applied, and the growth stage of the plant. Furthermore, the amount used may be adjusted as appropriate depending on the plant's growing environment, such as temperature, humidity, and light. Using known cultivation test methods, the concentration range in which the effect is obtained can be investigated, and the amount to be used can be determined. i. When using a drone to apply a plant growth promoting composition diluted with a dilution solvent to plants, The amount of solution that can be carried on a drone is limited by the drone's payload capacity, etc. The amount of plant growth promoting composition used in the medium is preferably 1 to 50% by mass, or 1 to 50 It is expressed as a percentage by volume.

[0045] Regarding the components of the above-mentioned culture solution and diluent, as long as they do not adversely affect plant growth, they should not be treated in any particular way. It is not limited to this, and may also contain water, pesticides, etc.

[0046] The recommended usage amount may vary depending on the concentration ratio of the onion extract raw material mentioned above. However, the above usage amounts are a suitable range for concentrations of 3 to 30 times. [Examples]

[0047] The present invention will be described in more detail using examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is described in these examples. This is not limited in any way by the above.

[0048] (Method for measuring root weight) The roots were identified based on the color and shape of the rice plants, and their weight was measured in a bottle using a microbalance.

[0049] (Preparation of onion extract) After obtaining onion extract raw material from 100g of onion bulbs cut at 1-10mm intervals, In Examples 1-3, onion extract obtained by concentrating the extract raw material by approximately five times was used.

[0050] [Example 1] To determine whether onion extract increases root weight, which is important for fertilizer absorption, using rice plants... I evaluated it.

[0051] (seedling raising period) Rice seedlings germinated by soaking in distilled water were transferred to hydroponic solutions of the concentrations shown in Table 1 for the seedling stage. The seedlings, which had been transferred to a nutrient solution, were then moved to an artificial climate chamber, where they were grown while the hydroponic solution was changed. (Exam period) Transfer the rice grown as described above to a container containing 900 mL of hydroponic solution at the concentrations shown in Table 1 for the test period. Then, add 0.45 ml of onion extract so that the final concentration is 0.05 vol% or 0.1 vol%. Three test groups were established: one with 1 L or 0.9 mL of onion extract added, and two control groups without onion extract. The measurements were taken. After cultivating the three experimental plots in an artificial climate chamber, the rice plants were removed, dried, and the roots were... The samples were collected and weighed. As a result, the test group with 0.05% by volume of onion extract was compared to the control group. A 29.1% weight increase was observed compared to (Figures 1 and 3). Also, onion extract 0. In the 1 volume% test group, a weight increase of 38.5% was observed compared to the control group (Figure 2 and 3) The above results demonstrate that onion extract has the effect of increasing root weight.

[0052] [Table 1]

[0053] [Example 2] The effect of adding onion extract on phosphate absorption was also evaluated using the rice from Example 1. It was worth it.

[0054] (Pretreatment for phosphate determination) The dried rice roots from Example 1 were transferred one by one into tubes. 5 mL of sulfuric acid was then added to each tube. Acid and 1 mL of hydrogen peroxide were added to decompose the roots. After reacting overnight, the decomposed products were used to create new cyanoacrylate cells. Transferred 3 mL to a tube. Then, 1 mL of sulfuric acid and 2 mL of hydrogen peroxide were added. The plant tissue was completely decomposed by heating the solution at 200°C for 30 minutes. (Quantitative determination of phosphate) The above decomposition product was diluted 200 times with ultrapure water. Acidic molybdenum solution and acidic ascorbic acid were added to it. Rubic acid solution was added to induce color development. This was then transferred to a 96-well plate. Absorbance was measured using a sensor, and the concentration was calculated. A comparison of the total amount of phosphorus contained in the roots showed that onion extract 0. In the 0.5 volume% test group, there was a 23.1% weight increase, while in the 0.1 volume% onion extract test group... A weight increase of 10.7% was confirmed (Figure 4). Therefore, onion extract contains from the root It was shown to have the effect of promoting phosphate absorption.

[0055] [Example 3] To evaluate whether onion powder increases root weight, which is important for fertilizer absorption, using rice plants, It was worth it.

[0056] (Preparation of onion powder) 100g of onion bulbs, cut at intervals of 1-10mm, are dried and then crushed. I obtained green onion powder.

[0057] (seedling raising period) Seedlings were grown in the same manner as in Example 1. (Exam period) Transfer the rice plants grown above to a container containing 900 mL of the hydroponic solution prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. Then, add 0.45% onion powder so that the final concentration is 0.05% by mass or 0.1% by mass. Three test groups were designed: one with either 0.9g of onion powder added, and one without onion powder (control group). After transferring the three experimental plots to an artificial climate chamber for cultivation, the rice plants were removed, dried, and the roots were collected. The samples were taken and weighed. As a result, the test group with 0.05% by mass of onion powder was compared to the control group. A weight increase of 31.4% was observed (Figures 5 and 7). Additionally, 0.1 mass of onion powder was used. In the % test group, a 26.6% weight increase was observed compared to the control group (Figures 6 and 7). From the above, it was shown that onion powder has the effect of increasing the weight of the roots.

[0058] [Example 4] The effect of adding onion extract on phosphate absorption was also evaluated using the rice from Example 3. It was worth it.

[0059] (Pretreatment for phosphate determination) Pretreatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 2. (Quantitative determination of phosphate) As with Example 2, the amount of phosphoric acid was quantified, and compared to the control group, the onion powder was 0.05 mass. In the % test group, there was a 23.5% weight increase, while in the test group with 0.1% by mass of onion powder, there was a 7.4% increase. An increase in weight was confirmed (Figure 8). Therefore, onion extract is effective in promoting phosphorus absorption from the roots. It has been shown to have the effect of promoting [something].

[0060] [Example 5] The changes in gene expression in rice caused by onion extract were also evaluated using the rice from Example 1. did.

[0061] (Sample preparation) From the roots of rice plants in the control group of Example 1 and the group treated with 0.1% by volume of onion extract Total RNA was extracted.

[0062] (RNA extraction) Maxwell RSC Plant RNA Kit (Promega) and Ma Using the xwell RSC Instrument (Promega), follow the instructions. RNA samples were obtained. (RNA quality check) Measuring equipment: Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer <g2939a>( Agilent Technologies, reagent kit: Agilent RNA 6000 Nano kit<5067 - 1511> (Agilent Technologies) and analysis software: 2100 expert software <v ersion B.02.07> (Agilent Technologies) were used to confirm that there were no problems with the quality of the RNA samples, and then they were used for library preparation. (Library preparation) The QuantSeq 3'mRNA - Seq Library Prep Kit was used to prepare a library for the NextSeq next - generation sequencer according to the following steps. 1 Use 100 ng of TotalRNA 2 Synthesize cDNA using oligo(dT) primers 3 Remove template mRNA 4 Synthesize double - stranded cDNA using random primers 5 Perform 14 - cycle PCR using indexed adapters 6 Purify with beads

[0063] (Analysis by next - generation sequencer) ·Sequence analysis Equipment: NextSeq500 (Illumina) Reagent: NextSeq 500 / 550 High Output Kit v2.5 (75 Cycles) <2002490>6> (Illumina) ·Sequence (outline) Sequencing was performed using NextSeq500 according to the following steps. 1 Add sequencing reagents 2 One - base extension reaction 3 Remove unreacted bases 4 Incorporate fluorescence signals 5 Remove protecting groups and fluorescence 6. Repeat the cycle (2 cycles, 3 cycles, etc.) until 75 cycles have been completed.

[0064] (Data analysis) • Primary data analysis Analysis program: bcl2fastq ver2.20 (Illumina Corporation) Using the program bcl2fastq (Illumina), from the obtained reads I created a fastq file. • Secondary data analysis Operating System of the analysis computer: Ubuntu Desktop 22.04.4 LTS Analysis software: FastQC, hisat2, samtools, HTSeq, DE Seq2 The analysis was performed using the software described above. 1. Checking the quality of the reeds The quality of the bases contained in the fastq file obtained using FastQC. I confirmed it. 2. Mapping and Sorting Using hisat2, the Oryza sativa reference genome Oryza s ativa Japonica Group (assembly IRGSP-1.0 ) was mapped to ). Next, samtools was used to sort the files and binary data Converted to data. 3 Lead Count The number of mapped reads is counted using the htseq-count within the HTSeq. Ta. 4 Statistical analysis Using the DESeq2 package on the statistical package R, the control group and the onion extract-treated group were compared. We compared gene expression levels in each region. • Third-level data analysis In previous studies, genes reported to be involved in phosphate absorption were identified in rice annotation. The genes were searched from the project (https: / / rapdb.dna.affrc.go.jp / ). The searched genes were then used in this experiment. The search was performed using the gene expression list created.

[0065] Gene expression analysis revealed that in the group treated with onion extract, the expression levels of phosphate absorption-related genes were lower in the roots. In the department, the improvement was 3.27 times (Figure 9). Regarding the enzyme of this phosphate absorption-related gene, the following has been reported so far: Therefore, it is thought to contribute to the increase in phosphate absorption mentioned above. It is present on the surface of the root. It directly interacts with phosphorus present in the environment (Reference 1). This gene under phosphorus-deficient conditions. Increased expression levels lead to increased phosphate uptake (Reference 1). This gene and similar genes... Besides Arabidopsis thaliana and rice, the virus can also be found in wheat, chili peppers, lettuce, tomatoes, and cocoa. It has been reported to be widely present in the following areas (References 2 and 3). From the above, it can be concluded that onion extract is effective in many plants other than rice in influencing phosphate absorption-related genes. It is thought that stimulating this molecule or a similar molecule promotes phosphate absorption. It can be done.

[0066] Reference 1: https: / / bmcplantbiol.biomedcentral .com / articles / 10.1186 / s12870-020-2316-7 Reference 2: https: / / onlinelibrary.wiley.com / do i / 10.1111 / plb.12668 Reference 3: https: / / www.arabidopsis.org / locus? key=27574

Claims

1. Contains one or more active ingredients selected from the group consisting of onion extract and onion powder. Plant growth promoting composition.

2. The plant growth promoting composition according to claim 1, which has a phosphoric acid absorption promoting effect.

3. The plant growth promoting composition according to claim 2, which increases the expression level of phosphate absorption-related genes.

4. Chemical stress, including nutrient deficiency stress or nutrient excess stress, pH stress, and salt stress. It further possesses an effect of improving stress tolerance against one or more types selected from a group of stressors. The plant growth promoting composition according to claim 2.

5. Chemical stress, including nutrient deficiency stress or nutrient excess stress, pH stress, and salt stress. Increase the expression level of stress tolerance genes for one or more stressors selected from a group of stressors. The plant growth promoting composition according to claim 4, which causes the plant to grow.

6. Increased elongation or weight of stems, leaves, or roots; increased number of leaves; promotion of flowering or fruiting. Increased number of flowers or fruits, increased plant weight or crop yield, greening, and promotion of tillering. One or more plant growth promoting effects selected from the group consisting of the following, according to claims 1 to 5 A plant growth promoting composition as described in item 1.

7. Contains one or more active ingredients selected from the group consisting of onion extract and onion powder. The plant growth promoting composition is used in plants, the soil in which the plants grow, or the culture solution. Long promotion method.

8. The amount of the plant growth promoting composition used in the culture medium or diluent is 0.001 to 50 by mass. The plant growth promoting method according to claim 7, wherein the amount is % or 0.001 to 50 volume percent.

Images