Life-saving evacuation system

Abstract

This enables the safe evacuation of people in smoke-filled conditions caused by a fire. [Solution] The fire hydrant device 10, located in an evacuation route such as a corridor 12 of the facility, houses a smoke-proof head cover 24 in a folded state and an air filling device 16 using an air cylinder 18. In the event of a fire, evacuees 14 open the door of the fire hydrant device 10, take out the smoke-proof head cover 24, open the opening of the cover body, inflate it by letting air in, and put it on their heads. Evacuees 14 wearing the smoke-proof head cover 24 can evacuate safely without inhaling outside smoke by breathing in the air inside the cover through their nose and exhaling through the mouthpiece 30. When the amount of air inside the cover decreases, the connecting cap 34 provided on the sheet piping 32 of the cover body is pressed against the air filling head 20 provided on the air cylinder 18 of the air filling device 16, thereby supplying air from the air cylinder 18 into the cover body.

Description

Technical Field

[0006] , ,

[0005] , , , , ,

[0001] The present invention relates to a life-saving evacuation system installed on an evacuation route of facilities such as corridors in buildings.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, as a general evacuation guidance device installed together with fire alarm equipment, there is a display device including an emergency exit guidance light, a passage guidance light, and a passenger seat guidance light that are always lit to guide evacuation, and in addition, evacuation is guided by a blinking display or by sound from a speaker during an emergency. Such devices are known.

[0003] In addition, in large-scale facilities, emergency broadcast equipment is installed, and emergency broadcasts can be performed based on a fire transfer signal from a fire receiver provided in the fire alarm equipment, enabling safe and prompt evacuation guidance.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

[0007] On the other hand, smoke-proof head covers are commercially available as disaster prevention equipment that allows evacuation even when enveloped in smoke. A smoke-proof head cover is, for example, a transparent synthetic resin bag of about 40 liters, such as a plastic bag, which allows evacuees to evacuate without inhaling smoke by wearing it over their heads.

[0008] However, the time available to evacuate while wearing a smoke-proof head cover is only a short 2-3 minutes, during which you can breathe the air inside the cover. This is far too short a time to evacuate to an emergency exit while enveloped in smoke, making safe evacuation difficult.

[0009] The present invention aims to provide a life-saving evacuation system that enables the safe evacuation of evacuees in situations where they are trapped in smoke caused by a fire, by allowing them to breathe for the time necessary to evacuate to an emergency exit, even if the smoke-proof head cover itself has a short breathing time. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] (Life-saving evacuation system) The present invention is a life-saving evacuation system that proceeds along the evacuation route of a facility, A smoke-proof head cover, which can be easily removed and stored in multiple units in disaster prevention equipment installed along evacuation routes, can be worn by evacuees to cover their heads while filled with air, protecting them from external smoke and allowing them to breathe. An air filling device is installed along the evacuation route and fills the smoke-proof head cover worn by evacuees with fresh air to enable continuous breathing, It is characterized by having the following features.

[0011] (Configuration of the smoke-proof head cover) The smoke-proof head cover is A transparent synthetic resin sheet that is worn to cover the head of an evacuee, comprising a cover body formed in the shape of a bag, The cover, which is attached to the head of the evacuee, has a drawstring that tightens around the evacuee's neck to close the opening of the bag, A mouthpiece attached to the main body of the cover, which the evacuee holds in their mouth to allow them to exhale or inhale to and from the outside, An air intake pipe that supplies and fills the cover body with fresh air from an air filling device, It is equipped with.

[0012] (Air filling capacity of the cover body) The cover itself has an air-filling capacity that allows evacuees to breathe for a predetermined period of time when worn on their heads.

[0013] (Specific example of the air filling capacity of the cover body) The cover itself has an air-filling capacity that allows evacuees to breathe for more than 3 minutes while wearing it on their heads.

[0014] (Air intake piping connection cap and check valve) The air intake piping is, A foldable sheet pipe made of synthetic resin formed into a tubular shape, A connecting cap is attached to the end of the sheet piping and connects to an air filling device to introduce fresh air, A check valve is placed inside the seat piping to prevent backflow of air supplied from the air filling device, Prepare.

[0015] (Air filling device) The air filling device is A pressurized air cylinder, An air filling head that is attached to an air cylinder and supplies and fills fresh air into a smoke prevention head cover worn by evacuees, is provided.

[0016] (Air filling head) The air filling head includes a head body fixed to an air outlet of an air cylinder via an on-off valve and a pressure reducing valve, a valve mechanism provided in the head body such that a spool valve body can be pushed in and moved vertically. At the push release position of the spool valve body, an internal passage opening at the upper end of the spool valve body is closed, and at the push position, the internal flow path is opened to release air from the air cylinder from an air discharge port at the upper end of the spool valve body, and is provided with The valve mechanism is opened by a pushing operation of the valve mechanism by a connecting cap, and fresh air is supplied to the smoke prevention head cover through an air introduction pipe.

[0017] (Push-open and close structure of valve mechanism) The valve mechanism includes a push head fixed to the upper end side of the spool valve body and exposing the air discharge port at the upper part, a spring for holding the push head at the closed position of the spool valve body, and a dust cap attached to the air discharge port and removed by the discharge of air accompanying valve opening. and is provided with

[0018] (Display part of push head) The push head of the valve mechanism includes a head display part for making the head position visible.

[0019] (Storage arrangement of air filling device) The air filling device is stored in a fire hydrant device, a fire extinguisher device, or a dedicated storage device installed along an evacuation passage.

[0020] (Medical oxygen supply device) The evacuation route includes a ward that is the evacuation starting place, and the air filling device is arranged in a medical oxygen supply device installed in the ward.

[0021] (Storage location for smoke-proof head cover) The smoke-proof head cover is stored in a folded state in a fire hydrant system, fire extinguisher system, or dedicated storage device installed along the evacuation route.

[0022] (Life-saving evacuation system for tunnels) The air filling device is Air piping is arranged along the monitoring staff passageway that runs along the tunnel wall, Air filling heads are positioned at predetermined intervals along the air piping and supply fresh air to fill the smoke-proof head covers worn by evacuees. It is equipped with. [Effects of the Invention]

[0023] (Effectiveness of the life-saving evacuation system) The present invention is a life-saving evacuation system installed on an evacuation route of a facility, comprising: a smoke-proof head cover that can be easily removed and stored in multiple units in disaster prevention equipment installed on the evacuation route, and which can be worn by evacuees to cover their heads with air and be filled to protect them from external smoke while allowing them to breathe; and an air filling device installed along the evacuation route that fills the smoke-proof head cover worn by evacuees with fresh air to enable continuous breathing. Therefore, even if the smoke-proof head cover has a short breathing time, when the air inside the smoke-proof head cover becomes low while the evacuee is wearing it and evacuating, it can be continuously used by filling it with fresh air using the air filling device, allowing evacuees to evacuate safely towards an emergency exit without difficulty breathing even if they are enveloped in smoke, and even if it takes time.

[0024] (Effect of smoke-proof head cover) Furthermore, the smoke-proof head cover is a transparent synthetic resin sheet that is worn to cover the head of an evacuee, and comprises a bag-shaped cover body, a closing string that tightens around the evacuee's neck to close the opening of the bag of the cover body worn on the evacuee's head, a mouthpiece attached to the cover body that the evacuee holds in their mouth to allow exhalation or inhalation to and from the outside, and an air introduction pipe that supplies and fills the cover body with fresh air from an air filling device. As such, continuous use is possible by efficiently and repeatedly refilling the smoke-proof head cover with fresh air using the air supply device.

[0025] Furthermore, since the cover itself is formed in a bag shape from a transparent synthetic resin sheet, the air-filling status can be easily determined by the degree of inflation of the bag, allowing for appropriate assessment of the remaining air volume and prompt filling with fresh air.

[0026] Furthermore, since the cover itself is formed in a bag shape from a transparent synthetic resin sheet, it ensures that the wearer's vision is reliably maintained when wearing it on their head.

[0027] Furthermore, evacuees wearing the cover can safely evacuate without inhaling smoke by holding the mouthpiece attached to the cover in their mouths. In smoke-filled environments, they can inhale the air inside the cover through their nose and exhale it through the mouthpiece. If the smoke thins or disappears during evacuation, they can breathe through their mouths using the mouthpiece, thus conserving the air inside the head cover. Additionally, the air exhaled by the evacuee is released to the outside of the cover through the mouthpiece, preventing a decrease in the oxygen concentration of the air inside the cover and preventing the cover from fogging up due to water vapor from exhaled breath.

[0028] Furthermore, by providing an air intake pipe on the cover body, it becomes possible to easily supply and fill the head body with fresh air by connecting the air intake pipe to an air filling device.

[0029] (Effect of the air-filled capacity of the cover itself) Furthermore, the cover itself has an air-filling capacity that allows evacuees to breathe for a predetermined period of time while wearing it on their heads. The air-filling capacity is arbitrary, but for example, it is designed to have an air-filling capacity that allows for breathing for more than 3 minutes, so that a single air refill from the air supply equipment to the cover body is sufficient to cover a sufficient evacuation distance. For example, if an evacuee moves at a speed of 1 meter per second, they can move 180 meters in the 3 minutes they are able to breathe while wearing the smoke-proof head cover. Here, the horizontal distance between the No. 1 fire hydrant, the easy-to-operate No. 1 fire hydrant, and the wide-area No. 2 fire hydrant is 25 meters, the horizontal distance between the No. 2 fire hydrant is 15 meters, and the walking distance to the fire extinguisher is 20 meters. For example, if indoor fire hydrants (easy-to-operate No. 1 fire hydrants) placed along evacuation routes at 25-meter intervals are equipped with air filling devices, evacuees can use the air filling device of the indoor fire hydrant to replenish fresh air even if the air inside the cover decreases while they are moving, allowing for continuous use. This prevents breathing difficulties even when engulfed in smoke, and enables them to safely evacuate towards emergency exits, even if it takes time.

[0030] (Effects of connecting caps and check valves on air intake piping) Furthermore, the air intake piping of the cover body is equipped with a foldable sheet pipe formed from a synthetic resin sheet into a tubular shape, a connecting cap attached to the end of the sheet pipe and connected to an air filling device to introduce fresh air, and a check valve placed inside the sheet pipe to prevent backflow of air supplied from the air filling device. As a result, when stored in the disaster prevention device, it can be folded compactly together with the cover body, and the number of smoke-proof head covers that can be stored in the disaster prevention device can be greater than or equal to the number of evacuees expected.

[0031] Furthermore, when filling the head cover body with air from the air supply device, filling can be done in a very short time simply by pressing the connecting cap attached to the end of the seat piping against the air supply device, for example. In addition, since a check valve is provided in the seat piping or the connecting cap, the check valve closes after filling from the air supply device, ensuring that air does not escape from the seat piping.

[0032] (Effects of the air-guided filling device) Furthermore, since the air filling device includes an air cylinder filled with pressurized air and an air filling head attached to the air cylinder that supplies fresh air to fill the smoke-proof head cover worn by evacuees, for example, if the air cylinder and air filling head of the air filling device are housed in indoor fire hydrants installed at 25-meter intervals on the walls of corridors that serve as evacuation routes, either exposed or embedded in the wall, then if an evacue wearing a smoke-proof head cover finds that the head cover body has shrunk and the amount of air has decreased during evacuation, they can easily refill it with fresh air from the air cylinder by connecting the connecting cap provided at the end of the sheet piping on the head cover body to the air filling head, allowing for continuous use.

[0033] (Effect of the air filling head) Furthermore, the air filling head includes a head body fixed to the air outlet of the air cylinder via an on / off valve and a pressure reducing valve, and a valve mechanism provided inside the head body that allows a spool valve body to be pushed and moved vertically. The valve mechanism closes an internal passage opening at the upper end of the spool valve body when the spool valve body is released, and opens the internal passage when it is pushed in, allowing air from the air piping to be released from the air outlet at the upper end of the spool valve body. The valve mechanism is opened by pushing the valve mechanism with the connecting cap, and fresh air is supplied to the smoke-proof head cover via the air intake piping. Therefore, the valve mechanism can be opened and air can be filled into the smoke-proof head cover by a one-touch operation of pressing the connecting cap of the seat piping against the air filling head.

[0034] Furthermore, since the sheet piping connection cap only needs to be pressed against the air filling head, connection is hassle-free, and air can be filled in a very short time. In this case, some air will leak from the connection cap pressed against the air filling head, but since the released air is air that has been reduced in pressure from the high-pressure air of 0.8-0.9 MPa in the air cylinder to, for example, about 0.01 MPa, even with some air leakage, it is possible to instantly fill the smoke-proof head cover.

[0035] (Effect of the push-button opening and closing mechanism of the valve mechanism) Furthermore, the valve mechanism of the air filling head is fixed to the upper end of the spool valve body and includes a push-in head with an air outlet exposed at the top, a spring that holds the push-in head in the closed position of the spool valve body, and a dustproof cap attached to the air outlet that detaches when air is supplied due to valve opening. As a result, evacuees can simply place the connecting cap of the sheet piping against the push-in head located at the top of the air filling head and push it in to release high-pressure air from the air outlet at the upper end of the spool valve body and fill the smoke-proof head cover with air. In addition, a dustproof cap is attached to the air outlet at the upper end of the spool valve body, so dust from inside the tunnel will not accumulate and clog the air outlet during operation. Moreover, since the dustproof cap detaches with the air released from the air cylinder, no special removal operation is required.

[0036] (Effect of the display on the push-in head) Furthermore, the valve mechanism's push-in head is equipped with a head indicator that makes the head position visible. For example, the head indicator uses an LED or other display element to illuminate the entire push-in head or a part of it, making the push-in head more visible. This makes it easier for evacuees wearing smoke-proof head covers to find the air filling device, and facilitates the operation of filling the device with air by placing the sheet piping's connecting cap against the push-in head.

[0037] (Effects of housing and arranging the air filling device) Furthermore, since the air filling devices are stored in fire hydrant systems, fire extinguisher systems, or dedicated storage devices installed along the evacuation route, one air filling allows evacuees wearing smoke-proof head covers to move approximately 180 meters in 3 minutes, for example. In the case of fire hydrant systems such as easy-to-operate Type 1 fire hydrants, the air filling devices are spaced 25 meters apart. If the air inside the smoke-proof head covers becomes insufficient during evacuation, fire extinguisher systems or dedicated storage devices can be placed between the fire hydrant systems, allowing the air filling devices to be spaced at short intervals of 25 meters or less. Even when a large number of evacuees wearing smoke-proof head covers are evacuating along an evacuation route, the presence of a sufficient number of air filling devices at short intervals allows for repeated air filling of the smoke-proof head covers from the air filling devices without confusion, enabling safe evacuation.

[0038] (Effects of medical oxygen supply devices) Furthermore, if the evacuation route includes the hospital room that serves as the starting point for evacuation, and the air filling device is located on the medical oxygen supply system installed in the hospital room, then patients hospitalized in a medical facility and receiving oxygen inhalation can also evacuate while wearing a smoke-proof head cover and repeatedly refilling the smoke-proof head cover with oxygen from the oxygen supply system.

[0039] (Effectiveness of the storage arrangement of the smoke-proof head cover) Furthermore, since the smoke-proof head covers are stored in a folded state in fire hydrants, fire extinguishers, or dedicated storage devices installed along evacuation routes, a sufficient number of smoke-proof head covers can be prepared to accommodate the large number of evacuees moving to emergency exits, ensuring that there is no shortage of smoke-proof head covers and that all evacuees can be fitted with them. In addition, the smoke-proof head covers can be stored in a compact folded state, allowing for the storage of many covers in a small space. Moreover, smoke-proof head covers are extremely inexpensive compared to commercially available oxygen masks and air masks, so even if a large number of smoke-proof head covers are prepared, the economic burden is small, and they can be used for a long period of more than 10 years if unused, so operating costs do not increase. Furthermore, smoke-proof head covers do not necessarily need to be stored in disaster prevention equipment along evacuation routes; smoke-proof head covers can be prepared and stored in each room on each floor of the building, for the number of occupants, and each person can put on a smoke-proof head cover when an emergency occurs and evacuate. Alternatively, instead of distributing smoke-proof head covers to individual occupants, they could be kept in their desks or other places and worn during evacuation in the event of a fire. Furthermore, in places where a large number of people are likely to be coming and going, such as department stores, appropriate amounts of smoke-proof head covers should be provided at the entrances to evacuation stairwells.

[0040] (Effectiveness of life-saving evacuation systems for tunnels) Furthermore, the air filling device includes air piping arranged along a monitoring walkway provided along the tunnel wall, and air filling heads arranged at predetermined intervals along the air piping to supply fresh air to and fill the smoke-proof head covers worn by evacuees. In the event of a fire in a tunnel on a highway or expressway and the need for occupants to evacuate, this device allows them to breathe for the necessary amount of time, enabling the safe evacuation of evacuees in a situation where they are enveloped in smoke generated by the fire. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0041] [Figure 1] This is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of a life-saving evacuation system. [Figure 2] This is an explanatory diagram showing the fire hydrant device as it is located outside of Figure 1. [Figure 3] This is an explanatory diagram showing evacuees wearing smoke-proof head covers. [Figure 4] This is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the smoke-proof head cover in an unfolded state. [Figure 5] This is an explanatory diagram showing how to fold and store the smoke-proof head cover. [Figure 6] This is an explanatory diagram showing the mouthpiece of the smoke-proof head cover removed from the unit. [Figure 7] This is an explanatory diagram showing the connecting cap attached to the sheet piping of the smoke-proof head cover, removed from the diagram. [Figure 8] This is an explanatory diagram showing the air filling device as it is located outside of Figure 2. [Figure 9] This is an explanatory diagram showing the air filling head attached to an air cylinder. [Figure 10] This is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of the air filling head. [Figure 11] This is an explanatory diagram showing an evacuation equipment storage device attached to a fire hydrant system. [Figure 12] This is an explanatory diagram showing an evacuation equipment storage device attached to a fire extinguisher box. [Figure 13] This is an explanatory diagram showing a standalone evacuation equipment storage device. [Figure 14] This is an explanatory diagram showing an air inflation stand. [Figure 15] This is an explanatory diagram showing a medical oxygen supply device equipped with an air filling device. [Figure 16] This is an explanatory diagram showing the life-saving evacuation system installed inside the tunnel. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0042] The following describes embodiments of the life-saving evacuation system according to the present invention with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0043] [Basic Concepts of the Embodiment] First, the basic concept of the embodiment will be explained. The embodiment generally relates to a life-saving evacuation system installed in the evacuation route of a facility, and is a concept that includes life-saving evacuation equipment.

[0044] Here, a "life-saving evacuation system" is a system that allows people inside a building or other facility to safely evacuate even if a fire breaks out inside the facility and smoke spreads, making breathing difficult. For example, it includes devices, equipment, and instruments that enable breathing even as smoke spreads.

[0045] The life-saving evacuation system of this embodiment consists of a smoke-proof head cover and an air-filling device. Here, the "protective head cover" is a device that can be easily removed and stored in multiple units in disaster prevention equipment installed along the evacuation route, and when worn by an evacuee with air filled to cover their head, it protects them from external smoke and allows them to breathe.

[0046] Furthermore, an "air filling device" is equipment that fills the smoke-proof head covers worn by evacuees moving along evacuation routes with fresh air, enabling them to breathe continuously. "Fresh air" refers to air that does not contain smoke from a fire.

[0047] Therefore, according to the life-saving evacuation system of this embodiment, even if the smoke-proof head cover has a short breathing time, if the air inside the smoke-proof head cover becomes low when the evacuee is wearing it during evacuation, it can be continuously used by refilling it with fresh air using an air filling device. Even if smoke spreads along the evacuation route due to a fire in the facility and breathing becomes difficult, it is possible to evacuate safely towards the emergency exit without suffering from difficulty breathing even if enveloped in smoke, and even if it takes time.

[0048] The "smoke-proof head cover" comprises a cover body, a closing string, a mouthpiece, and an air intake pipe. The "cover body" is a transparent synthetic resin sheet formed into a bag shape that covers the head of the evacuee. The "closing string" is used to tighten the opening of the bag of the cover body around the evacuee's neck when it is worn on the evacuee's head. The "mouthpiece" is attached to the cover body and is held in the evacuee's mouth to allow them to exhale or inhale to and from the outside. The "air intake pipe" is used to supply and fill the cover body with fresh air from an air filling device.

[0049] Furthermore, since the "cover body" is formed in a bag shape from a transparent synthetic resin sheet, the air-filling status can be easily determined by the degree of inflation of the bag, allowing for appropriate assessment of the remaining air and replenishment with fresh air. In addition, because the "cover body" is formed in a bag shape from a transparent synthetic resin sheet, it ensures that visibility is reliably maintained when worn on the head by an evacuee.

[0050] Furthermore, the "mouthpiece" is attached to the main body of the cover, allowing air to pass through the inside and outside of the cover. When an evacuee wearing the cover holds the mouthpiece in their mouth, they can breathe in air from inside the cover through their nose and exhale it through the mouthpiece, enabling safe evacuation without inhaling smoke. Also, if the smoke thins or disappears during evacuation, they can breathe through their mouth using the mouthpiece, thus conserving air inside the head cover by not inhaling it. In addition, since the air exhaled by the evacuee is released to the outside of the cover through the mouthpiece, the oxygen concentration of the air inside the cover does not decrease due to exhalation, and the cover does not fog up due to water vapor from exhalation.

[0051] Furthermore, the "air intake piping" provided on the cover body can be connected to an air filling device, making it easy to supply and fill the head body with fresh air.

[0052] Furthermore, the "cover body" has an air-filling capacity that allows evacuees to breathe for a predetermined period of time when worn on their heads. The air-filling capacity can be arbitrary, but for example, the air-filling capacity of the cover body is 40 liters or more, or enough to provide a breathing time of 3 minutes or more. As a result, a single air-filling of the cover body from the air supply equipment is sufficient to ensure a sufficient evacuation distance. For example, if an evacuee moves at a speed of 1 meter per second, they can move 180 meters in the 5 minutes during which they can breathe while wearing the smoke-proof head cover.

[0053] Furthermore, the "air intake piping of the cover body" comprises a foldable sheet pipe formed from a synthetic resin sheet into a tubular shape, a connecting cap attached to the end of the sheet pipe to connect to an air filling device and introduce fresh air, and a check valve placed inside the sheet pipe to prevent backflow of air supplied from the air filling device. In this way, by using sheet piping for the air intake piping, the smoke-proof head cover can be folded compactly together with the cover body when stored in the disaster prevention device, and the number of smoke-proof head covers that can be stored in the disaster prevention device can be made sufficient to match the expected number of evacuees.

[0054] Furthermore, when filling the head cover body with air from the air supply device, filling can be done in a very short time simply by pressing the connecting cap attached to the end of the seat piping against the air supply device, for example. In addition, since a check valve is provided in the seat piping or the connecting cap, the check valve closes after filling from the air supply device, ensuring that air does not escape from the seat piping.

[0055] Furthermore, the "air filling device" consists of an air cylinder and an air supply head. Here, the "air cylinder" is a container filled with pressurized air; its capacity is arbitrary, but is, for example, similar to that of a fire extinguisher cylinder, and is filled with fresh air at a high pressure of approximately 0.8 to 0.9 MPa. The "air supply head" is attached to the air cylinder and supplies fresh air to fill the smoke-proof head cover worn by evacuees.

[0056] Therefore, the "air filling devices" are arranged at predetermined intervals along the walls of the corridors that serve as evacuation routes. If an evacuee wearing a smoke-proof head cover finds that the head cover body has shrunk and the amount of air has decreased during evacuation, they can connect the connecting cap provided at the end of the sheet piping on the head cover body to the air supply head of the air filling device, thereby refilling it with fresh air from the air cylinder and enabling continuous use.

[0057] Furthermore, the "air filling head" consists of a head body and a valve mechanism. Here, the "head body" is fixed to the air outlet of the air cylinder via an on-off valve and a pressure reducing valve. The "valve mechanism" is provided within the head body so as to be able to be pushed in and moved vertically. When the spool valve body is released, it closes the internal passage that opens at the upper end of the spool valve body, and when it is pushed in, it opens the internal passage, allowing air from the air piping to be released from the air outlet at the upper end of the spool valve body. Therefore, by pressing the connecting cap of the seat piping provided on the smoke-proof head cover against the air supply head, the valve mechanism can be opened and air can be filled into the smoke-proof head cover.

[0058] Furthermore, the "air filling head valve mechanism" comprises a push-in head, a spring, and a dustproof cap. Here, the "push-in head" is a push-in member fixed to the upper end of the spool valve body, with the air outlet exposed at the top. The "spring" is a biasing member that holds the push-in head in the closed position of the spool valve body. The "dustproof cap" is attached to the air outlet and detaches when air is supplied due to the valve opening.

[0059] Therefore, by simply having evacuees place the connecting cap at the end of the sheet piping of the smoke-proof head cover against the pressure head located on top of the air filling head and press it down, high-pressure air is released from the air outlet at the upper end of the spool valve body, allowing the smoke-proof head cover to be filled with air.

[0060] Furthermore, by using sheet piping for the air intake piping, the connection is simple, requiring only pressing the sheet piping's connecting cap against the air supply head. This eliminates the hassle of connection and allows for very quick air filling. In this case, some air may leak from the connecting cap pressed against the air supply head, but since the released air is pressurized air at approximately 0.01 MPa, which is a reduced pressure from the high-pressure air of 0.8-0.9 MPa contained in the air cylinder, even with some air leakage, it is possible to instantly fill the smoke-proof head cover.

[0061] Furthermore, a dustproof cap is fitted to the air outlet at the upper end of the spool valve body, preventing dust from accumulating in the tunnel and clogging the air outlet during operation. The dustproof cap is also removed by the air released from the air cylinder, eliminating the need for any special removal procedure.

[0062] Furthermore, the valve mechanism's push-in head is equipped with a head indicator that makes the head position visible. The structure and type of the head indicator are arbitrary, but for example, the head indicator uses a display element such as an LED to illuminate the entire push-in head or a part of it, making the push-in head more visible. This makes it easier for evacuees wearing smoke-proof head covers to find the air filling device even when they are enveloped in smoke, and makes it easier to perform the operation of filling with air by applying the connecting cap of the sheet piping to the push-in head.

[0063] Furthermore, since the air filling devices are stored in fire hydrants, fire extinguishers, or dedicated storage devices installed along the evacuation routes, a single air filling allows evacuees wearing smoke-proof head covers to move approximately 180 meters in 3 minutes, for example. In the case of fire hydrants, the air filling devices are spaced 25 meters apart. Even when a large number of evacuees wearing smoke-proof head covers are evacuating along the evacuation route, a sufficient number of air filling devices are installed at a distance that allows for movement, enabling them to evacuate without confusion while repeatedly filling their smoke-proof head covers with air from the devices.

[0064] Furthermore, even if a fire hydrant system, such as an easily operable Type 1 fire hydrant, is equipped with an air filling device and is spaced 25 meters apart, if there is insufficient air inside the smoke-proof head cover during evacuation, by placing a fire extinguisher device or a dedicated storage device between the fire hydrant systems, the air filling devices can be placed at short intervals of 25 meters or less. With a sufficient number of air filling devices installed at short intervals, it becomes possible to evacuate without confusion while repeatedly filling the smoke-proof head cover with air from the air filling devices.

[0065] Furthermore, the evacuation route includes the patient's room that serves as the starting point for evacuation, and the air filling device may be located in the medical oxygen supply unit installed in the patient's room. Therefore, even patients hospitalized in a medical facility and receiving oxygen inhalation can wear a smoke-proof head cover, and in this case, they can evacuate while repeatedly refilling the smoke-proof head cover with oxygen from the oxygen supply unit.

[0066] Furthermore, since the smoke-proof head covers are stored in a folded state in fire hydrants, fire extinguishers, or dedicated storage devices installed along evacuation routes, a sufficient number of smoke-proof head covers can be prepared to accommodate the large number of evacuees moving towards emergency exits, ensuring that all evacuees are provided with smoke-proof head covers without any shortage.

[0067] Furthermore, the smoke-proof head cover can be stored in a compact, folded state, allowing for the storage of numerous covers in a small space. In addition, the smoke-proof head cover is extremely inexpensive compared to commercially available oxygen masks and air masks, so even if many covers are prepared, the economic burden is minimal. Moreover, if unused, it can be used for a long period of more than 10 years, and operating costs do not increase.

[0068] Furthermore, smoke-proof head covers do not necessarily need to be stored in the disaster prevention equipment along the evacuation route. Alternatively, smoke-proof head covers can be prepared and stored in each room on each floor of the building, for the benefit of the occupants, so that they can put on their head covers and evacuate in the event of a fire. Or, instead of storing them room by room, smoke-proof head covers can be distributed to each occupant, who can store them in their desks or elsewhere, and put on them and evacuate in the event of a fire.

[0069] Furthermore, the air filling device includes air piping arranged along a monitoring walkway provided along the tunnel wall, and air filling heads arranged at predetermined intervals along the air piping to supply fresh air to and fill the smoke-proof head covers worn by evacuees. Therefore, in the event of a fire in a tunnel on a highway or expressway and the need for occupants to evacuate, it will be possible to allow them to breathe for the necessary amount of time, enabling the safe evacuation of evacuees in a situation where they are enveloped in smoke generated by the fire.

[0070] Furthermore, the terms "set up," "arrange," "install," and "store" can encompass other terms that can be substituted for each other in terms of expression, and other concepts such as "attach," "attach and fix," and "install" can also be substituted based on their meaning.

[0071] The following describes specific embodiments. In the specific embodiments shown below, the "fire prevention device" housing the smoke-proof head cover and air filling device is described as "fire hydrant devices installed at 25-meter intervals (for example, easy-to-operate Type 1 fire hydrant)".

[0072] [Specific details of the embodiment] This section describes an embodiment of the life-saving evacuation guidance system. The details are explained in the following sections. a. Configuration of the life-saving evacuation system a1. Overview of the life-saving evacuation system a2. Fire hydrant device b. Smoke-proof head cover b1. Installation of smoke-proof head cover b2. Cover body b3. Folding and storing the cover itself b4. Mouthpiece b5. Connecting cap c. Air filling head d. Storage device for evacuation equipment d1. Storage device for evacuation equipment attached to a fire hydrant system. d2. Storage device for evacuation equipment attached to the fire extinguisher box d3. Dedicated evacuation equipment storage device d4. Air inflation stand d5. Medical oxygen supply devices e. Life-saving evacuation system for tunnels f. Modified versions of the present invention

[0073] [a. Configuration of the life-saving evacuation system] The configuration of the life-saving evacuation system of this embodiment will be described below. In this description, refer to Figure 1, which shows an embodiment of the life-saving evacuation system. Figure 1(A) shows the corridor that serves as the evacuation route as viewed from the front, and Figure 1(B) shows the corridor that serves as the evacuation route as viewed from above.

[0074] (a1. Overview of the life-saving evacuation system) First, let me explain the overview of the life-saving evacuation system. As shown in Figure 1, on each floor of the building, there is a corridor 12 that serves as an evacuation route leading to an emergency exit along partitioned rooms, and fire hydrant devices 10, known as indoor fire hydrants, are installed at predetermined intervals on the walls of the corridor 12, either embedded in the wall or exposed.

[0075] Here, indoor fire hydrants are well known, and according to the standards, there are Type 1 fire hydrants that use a flat hose and are operated by two people (horizontal distance between installations: 25m, hose length: 30m, water discharge rate: 130 liters / minute or more), Type 2 fire hydrants that use a shape-retaining hose and are operated by one person (horizontal distance between installations: 15m, hose length: 20m, water discharge rate: 60 liters / minute or more), wide-area Type 2 fire hydrants that use a shape-retaining hose and are operated by one person (horizontal distance between installations: 25m, hose length: 30m, water discharge rate: 80 liters / minute or more, operated by one person), and furthermore, there is the easy-to-operate Type 1 fire hydrant that uses a shape-retaining hose and is operated by one person (horizontal distance between installations: 25m, hose length: 30m, water discharge rate: 130 liters / minute or more).

[0076] In this embodiment, the fire hydrant device 10 is, for example, an "easy-to-operate No. 1 fire hydrant" with an installation interval of 25m in horizontal distance.

[0077] In the explanation of Figure 1, the X, Y, and Z directions are mutually orthogonal. Specifically, when viewing the front of the fire hydrant device 10, the X direction is the left-right direction, the Y direction is the up-down direction, and the Z direction is the front-back direction. Furthermore, in the X direction, the +X side is the right side and the -X side is the left side; in the Y direction, the +Y side is the upper side and the -Y side is the lower side; and in the Z direction, the +Z side is the front side and the -Z side is the rear side. This is also the case in Figures 2, 8 to 14, and 16, which represent embodiments of the present invention.

[0078] The life-saving evacuation system of this embodiment consists of a smoke-proof head cover 24 worn by evacuees 14 evacuating down the corridor 12, and an air filling device 16 that fills the smoke-proof head cover 24 worn by the evacuees 14 with fresh air to enable continuous breathing.

[0079] Multiple smoke-proof head covers 24 are stored in a folded state in a designated location on the fire hydrant device 10, allowing for easy removal. In the event of a fire in the tunnel, the evacuee 14 opens the fire hydrant door of the fire hydrant device 10, removes one of the folded smoke-proof head covers 24, unfolds the cover body which is made of a transparent resin sheet in a bag shape, inflates it with air, puts it over their head, closes the opening of the bag, and tightens it with the drawstring to secure it. As will be described later, the smoke-proof head cover 24 is equipped with a mouthpiece, and the evacuee 14 breathes by holding the mouthpiece in their mouth, inhaling air from inside the cover through their nose, and exhaling through the mouthpiece.

[0080] The air filling device 16 has an air filling head 20 attached to the top of the air cylinder 18. The air cylinder 18 is pressurized and filled with air at a high pressure of 0.8 to 0.9 MPa. The effective period of the pressurized air in the air cylinder 18 is arbitrary, but it is desirable to always pressurize and fill it with fresh air by refilling it, for example, during periodic inspections twice a year.

[0081] The smoke-proof head cover 24 worn by the evacuee 14 is equipped with a connecting cap 34 via a sheet pipe 32. When the air inside the cover body decreases and it begins to shrink, as shown with the evacuee 14 on the far right of Figure 1, pressing the connecting cap 34 against the air filling head 20 attached to the top of the air cylinder 18 causes the valve mechanism of the air filling head 20 to open, releasing air. This fills the cover body with fresh air via the sheet pipe 32, causing it to inflate and enabling continuous breathing during evacuation using the smoke-proof head cover 24.

[0082] (a2. Fire hydrant device) Next, we will describe the fire hydrant system that houses the smoke-proof head cover and air filling device. In this description, please refer to Figure 2, which shows the fire hydrant system removed from Figure 1. Figure 2(A) shows the front view, and Figure 2(B) shows the internal structure with the fire hydrant door open.

[0083] As shown in Figure 2(A), the fire hydrant device 10, which is an indoor fire hydrant, is installed, for example, embedded or exposed in the wall of a corridor inside a building at predetermined intervals, for example, at horizontal distances of 25 m. A fire hydrant door 1010 is provided at the front opening of the box-shaped housing, which can be opened horizontally to the right by operating, for example, a handle 1011. An emergency notification door 1020 is also provided at the top of the housing, and an acoustic unit 1026 containing a red indicator light 1022, a transmitter 1024, and a speaker is also provided.

[0084] As shown in Figure 2(B), the inside of the fire hydrant device 10 has a fire hose 1012 housed inside the casing in an inward-curved state, with a water discharge nozzle 1014 attached to its tip and the base connected to a fire hydrant valve 1016.

[0085] In the event of a fire, the operator carrying out firefighting activities will open the fire hydrant door 1010. If the fire hydrant is operable by one person, they will take out the water nozzle 1014 connected to the end of the fire hose 1012 stored inside the casing, and turn the handle of the fire hydrant valve 1016 to open it. This will automatically activate the fire pump, supplying firefighting water to the fire hose 1012. The operator will then pull out the fire hose 1012 and proceed to the location of the fire, spraying firefighting water from the water nozzle 1014 to extinguish the fire. Note that the pump automatically starts when the handle of the fire hydrant valve 1016 is turned on for easy-to-operate No. 1 fire hydrants, No. 2 fire hydrants, and wide-area No. 2 fire hydrants. For No. 1 fire hydrants, the pump must be started manually by pressing the transmitter.

[0086] An air filling device 16 is housed on the right side of the fire hydrant device 10's casing. The air filling device 16 has an air filling head 20 attached to the top of an air cylinder 18. Above the air filling device 16 is a shelf-structured head cover storage section 25, which stores multiple folded smoke-proof head covers 24. The number of smoke-proof head covers 24 stored in the fire hydrant device 10 is arbitrary, and as many smoke-proof head covers 24 as possible are stored by utilizing the available space inside the casing.

[0087] [b. Smoke-proof head cover] Next, we will explain smoke-proof head covers. For this explanation, please refer to Figure 3, which shows an evacuee wearing a smoke-proof head cover.

[0088] (b1. Installation of smoke-proof head cover) As shown in Figure 3, the smoke cover 24 is worn by the evacuee 14 over their head with the lower opening of the cover body 26, which is formed in the shape of a bag from a transparent resin sheet, widened to allow air in, and then secured around the neck by tightening the opening of the bag with a tie string 28. Since the cover body 26 is formed in the shape of a bag from a transparent synthetic resin sheet, it ensures that the evacuee 14 can see clearly when wearing it on their head.

[0089] A mouthpiece 30 is provided at a predetermined position on the cover body 26 where the mouth of the evacuee 14 is located. The mouthpiece 30 is a component that the evacuee 14 holds in their mouth and uses for breathing. The evacuee 14 breathes by inhaling air from inside the cover through their nose while holding the mouthpiece 30 in their mouth, and exhaling air from the mouthpiece 30 to the outside; that is, they breathe by inhaling through their nose and exhaling through their mouth.

[0090] In this way, by having the evacuee 14 hold the mouthpiece 30 provided on the cover body 26 in their mouth, they can safely evacuate without inhaling smoke by breathing in the air inside the cover body 26 through their nose and exhaling it through the mouthpiece 30 when surrounded by smoke. Furthermore, if the smoke thins or disappears during the evacuation, the evacuee 14 can breathe through their mouth using the mouthpiece 30, thus conserving the air inside the cover body 26 by not inhaling it. In addition, since the air exhaled by the evacuee 14 is released to the outside of the cover body 26 through the mouthpiece 30, the oxygen concentration of the air inside the cover body 26 does not decrease, and the inside of the cover body 26 does not fog up due to water vapor contained in the exhaled breath.

[0091] Furthermore, one end of a sheet pipe 32, which functions as an air intake pipe, is connected to the cover body 26, and a connecting cap 34 is attached to the end of the sheet pipe 32. The sheet pipe 32 is made, for example, as a tubular body of the same transparent resin sheet as the cover body 26, and is foldable.

[0092] As shown in Figure 2, the connecting cap 34 is attached to the air filling head 24 on the top of the air cylinder 18 housed in the fire hydrant device 10. When the evacuee 14 presses the cap against the head at the start of use and when refilling during evacuation, air is released, and the cover body 26 is filled with air via the sheet piping 32. In addition, a check valve is provided in the sheet piping 32 or the connecting cap 34 to prevent the air filled in the cover body 26 from escaping from the connecting cap 34.

[0093] (b2. Cover body) Next, the cover body will be described. For this description, please refer to Figure 4, which shows an embodiment of the smoke-proof head cover in an unfolded state. Figure 4(A) shows the front view, and Figure 4(B) shows the side view.

[0094] As shown in Figure 4, the cover body 26 of the smoke-proof head cover 24 is made of a transparent synthetic resin sheet, for example, a transparent polyethylene sheet formed into a bag shape. The air-filling capacity (volume) of the cover body 24 is determined by the vertical H and horizontal L dimensions of the cover body 24, which is rectangular when unfolded.

[0095] The vertical H and horizontal L lengths of the cover body 26 are arbitrary, but for example, if the vertical H=60cm and horizontal L=50cm is made into a small size, the air-filled capacity will be approximately 30 liters; if the vertical H=70cm and horizontal L=60cm is made into a medium size, the air-filled capacity will be approximately 42 liters; and if the vertical H=80cm and horizontal L=60cm is made into a large size, the air-filled capacity will be approximately 48 liters.

[0096] Here, the actual air-filled capacity of the cover body 26 when worn on the head of an evacuee is the capacity after subtracting the volume of the evacuee's head. If the volume of the evacuee's head is, for example, 7 liters, then the capacity would be approximately 23 liters for the small size, approximately 35 liters for the medium size, and approximately 41 liters for the large size.

[0097] Furthermore, since it is known that a person needs about 7 liters of air per minute to breathe, the breathing time when an evacuee wears the cover body 26 will be approximately 3.2 minutes for the small size, approximately 5 minutes for the medium size, and approximately 5.8 minutes for the large size. Also, assuming an evacuee's movement speed is 1 meter per second, the distance an evacuee wearing the cover body 26 can move will be approximately 190 meters for the small size, approximately 300 meters for the medium size, and approximately 348 meters for the large size.

[0098] The actual distance that can be traveled will be shorter than this because the air in the cover body 26 will not be completely sucked out, but for example, it will be possible to travel about 150m for the small size, 250m for the medium size, and 300m for the large size, ensuring a sufficient distance to travel with a single air filling. In this embodiment, since the fire hydrant devices 10 are arranged at 25-meter intervals and the air filling heads 20 are housed in them, even if the air runs low and the cover body 26 shrinks during evacuation, it is possible to quickly refill it with air and continue using it. The relationship between the air filling capacity of the cover body 26 and the distance that can be traveled by evacuees should be appropriately determined through experiments in which subjects wear the smoke-proof head cover and move around.

[0099] Here, the polyethylene sheet used for the cover body 26 has a heat resistance temperature of 60°C to 80°C. However, if the cover body 26 requires an even higher heat resistance temperature, a polypropylene sheet with a higher heat resistance temperature, such as 80°C to 120°C, can be used. However, since polypropylene sheets are less transparent, the sheet surface on which the mouthpiece 30 of the cover body 26 is placed can be made of highly transparent polyethylene sheet, and the opposite side can be made of highly heat-resistant polypropylene sheet, or the sheet surface facing the evacuee's face, including the mouthpiece 30, can be made of highly transparent polyethylene sheet, and the rest can be made of highly heat-resistant polypropylene sheet. Note that the heat-resistant sheet is not limited to polypropylene sheet and includes any appropriate heat-resistant sheet.

[0100] Here, it is desirable to provide prior explanation or training on breathing techniques and air filling methods when evacuees wear the smoke-proof head cover 24 during evacuation. For example, businesses located in office buildings should explain how to use the smoke-proof head cover 24 during their regular disaster prevention drills, and also conduct training on actually wearing and using the smoke-proof head cover 24. Furthermore, if use by an unspecified number of people is expected, announcements should be made near the air filling device 16, and instructions on important points should be hung on the smoke-proof head cover 24 in large letters to make the usage method known.

[0101] (b3. Folding and storing the cover) Next, we will explain how to fold and store the cover body for storing the smoke-proof head cover. For this explanation, please refer to Figure 5, which shows how to fold and store the smoke-proof head cover. Figure 5(A) shows the folds in the unfolded state, and Figure 5(B) shows the folded state.

[0102] As shown in Figure 5(A), the unfolded cover body 26 can be folded to a small size, as shown in Figure 5(B), by folding it horizontally into five sections and vertically into three sections, as indicated by the dotted lines, so that the width L is L / 5 and the height H is H / 3. For example, if the height H=70cm and width L=60cm is the medium size, it can be folded to a small size of approximately 23cm in height and 12cm in width, with a thickness of about 1-2cm.

[0103] Furthermore, as the cover body 26 is folded, the sheet piping 32 is also folded in, and the closing string 28, mouthpiece 30, and connecting cap 34 are also gathered inside or around the folded cover body 26. In addition, the folded smoke-proof head cover 24, as shown in Figure 5(B), can be stored in a plastic bag or the like for easier handling.

[0104] (b4. Mouthpiece) Next, we will describe the mouthpiece provided on the cover body. For this description, please refer to Figure 6, which shows the mouthpiece of the smoke-proof head cover removed from the cover.

[0105] As shown in Figure 6, the mouthpiece 30 is made of a synthetic resin such as polyethylene, and a mouthpiece tube 3010 with a ventilation hole 3011 passing through it is positioned inside the cover body 26, and an outlet cover 3012 positioned outside the cover body 26 is fixed to the tip (left end) of the mouthpiece tube 3010. The mouthpiece 30 is fixed to the cover body 26 by tightening a contact surface 3020 formed on the bottom of the outlet cover 3012 and a fixing flange 3016 formed on the mouthpiece tube 3010 with a screw portion 3014, with the cover body 26 interposed between them.

[0106] A curved mouth rest 3018 is integrally formed in the middle of the mouthpiece tube 3010. When an evacuee holds the mouthpiece tube 3010 in their mouth, they can hold the mouth rest 3018 against their lips to prevent the mouthpiece 30 from moving. The length of the mouthpiece tube 3010 is arbitrary, but a size similar to the opening of a plastic bottle is preferable, so approximately 2-3 cm is desirable. The outer diameter of the mouthpiece tube 3010 is also arbitrary, but a predetermined value within the range of 1.5-2.0 cm, for example 1.8 cm, is desirable to minimize fatigue even when held in the mouth for extended periods.

[0107] Furthermore, the mouthpiece 3018 should be positioned at a predetermined distance from the fixing flange 3016 so that the cover body 26 does not obstruct nasal inhalation when the evacuee holds the mouthpiece tube 3010 in their mouth. In addition, it is desirable that the mouthpiece 30 be colored in a predetermined color, such as yellow, so that it is easily identifiable when the evacuee puts on the smoke-proof head cover 24. The shape of the blowing cover 3012 is arbitrary, and it is also possible to omit the blowing cover 3012 and only have a ring plate with a contact surface 2020.

[0108] (b5. Connecting cap) Next, we will describe the connecting caps provided on the sheet piping of the cover body. For this description, please refer to Figure 7, which shows the connecting caps provided on the sheet piping of the smoke-proof head cover.

[0109] As shown in Figure 7, the connecting cap 34 is made of a transparent synthetic resin such as polyethylene, and a connecting pipe portion 3412 is integrally formed on the rear end of the cap body 3410 which is cone-shaped at the tip, and the connecting pipe portion 3412 is fitted onto the tip of the sheet pipe 32 and fixed by adhesive or welding.

[0110] Furthermore, a check valve 3414 is positioned inside the connecting pipe section 3412. The check valve 3414 has a disc-shaped valve body 3418 that can be opened and closed, positioned inside a valve hole 3416 formed in the through hole of the connecting pipe section 3412, and a coil spring 3420 applies force in the direction of closing the check valve 3414.

[0111] As shown in Figure 1, the cap body 3410 is pressed against the air filling head 20 by the evacuee to release air, and the released air is supplied to the cover body 26 via the sheet piping 32. At this time, the check valve 3414 is opened by being pushed by the air supplied from the cap body 3410 side. When the air filling of the cover body 26 is finished and the cap body 3410 is separated from the air filling head 20, the air supply stops, and the check valve 3414 closes due to the pressure of the air filled in the cover body 26, preventing the air filled in the cover body 26 from leaking out.

[0112] Furthermore, the check valve 3414 may be provided on the seat piping 32 side instead of the connecting cap 34. For example, if a bellows-type valve seat is placed at the connection port of the seat piping 32 to the cover body 26 shown in Figure 5, the valve seat will open when air is supplied from the seat piping 32 and will close when the air supply is stopped, thus creating a check valve.

[0113] [c. Air filling head] Next, the air filling head will be described. In this description, please refer to Figure 8, which shows the air filling device from Figure 2 removed from the device, Figure 9, which shows the air filling head attached to the air cylinder, and Figure 10, which shows the structure of the air filling head. Figure 10(A) shows the external appearance, Figure 10(B) shows the valve mechanism in the closed state, and Figure 10(C) shows the valve mechanism in the open state.

[0114] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the air filling head 20 is connected to the top of the on-off valve 21, which is mounted on the top of the air cylinder 18, via a pressure reducing valve 22. The on-off valve 21 is opened and closed by rotating the on-off handle 2110. It is closed when the air cylinder 18 is pressurized and filled with air, and opens when the air filling head 20 is attached via the pressure reducing valve 22. The pressure reducing valve 22 then depressurizes the pressurized air and supplies it to the air filling head 20.

[0115] Furthermore, a pressure gauge 23 is provided on the on-off valve 21 of the air cylinder 18, displaying the pressure of the air filled in the air cylinder. The pressure of the air filled in the air cylinder 18 can be arbitrary, but it is a predetermined value in the range of 0.8 to 0.9 MPa. The pressure reducing valve 22 reduces the pressure of the pressurized air filled in the air cylinder 18 from 0.8 to 0.9 MPa to a predetermined pressure, for example, to a predetermined pressure of 0.01 MPa or less.

[0116] As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the air filling head 20 is connected and fixed to the upper end of the pressure reducing valve 22. The air filling head 20 has a threaded portion 3612 formed on the lower side of the head body 36 for fixing to the pressure reducing valve 22, and a hexagonal surface 3610 formed above it for engagement with a tightening tool. The push head 40 is mounted on the upper side of the head body 36 via a spool valve body 38 and a spring 45.

[0117] As shown in Figure 10(B), the internal structure of the air filling head 20 is provided with a valve mechanism that opens when the push-in head 40 is pushed down, and this valve mechanism includes a spool valve body 38. The spool valve body 38 has an internal passage 48 that opens axially at its upper end, and an air inlet 3810 that opens laterally at the lower end of the internal passage 48. The spool valve body 38 is slidably fitted into the shaft hole 44 of a retainer 42 that is screwed and fixed to the inside of the upper end of the head body 36.

[0118] Furthermore, the spool valve body 38 has a seal 46 fitted into a ring groove formed at a position where it slides within the shaft hole 44, and a nut constituting a stopper 47 is screwed into and fixed to its lower end. In addition, a seal 49 is positioned below the retainer 42, which is screwed into and fixed to the head body 36.

[0119] A push-in head 40 is screwed into the threaded portion at the upper end of the spool valve body 38, and a spring 45 is positioned between the inside of the push-in head 40 and the retainer 42 fixed to the head body 36. The spring 45 pushes up the push-in head 40, holding the spool valve body 38 in a closed position where the stopper 47 abuts against the lower side of the shaft hole 44 of the retainer 42.

[0120] Furthermore, a dustproof cap 52 is attached to the air outlet 3812 of the spool valve body 38 located at the tip of the push-in head 40. The dustproof cap 52 is tied to the push-in head 40 by a string 54.

[0121] In this manner, with the push-in head 40 pushed upward by the spring 45, the air inlet 3810 of the spool valve body 38 is located midway through the shaft hole 44 and is closed, so the valve mechanism is in a closed state.

[0122] As shown in Figure 10(C), when the connecting cap 34 at the end of the sheet piping 32 of the smoke-proof head cover 24 worn by the evacuee is pressed against it, a downward force is applied to the push-in head 40 as shown by arrow 56, causing the spool valve body 38 to descend while compressing the spring 45.

[0123] As the spool valve body 38 descends, the air inlet 3810 moves to the lower side of the shaft hole 44. Air flows into the internal passage 48 through the air inlet 3810 from the air intake hole 50, and the incoming air is discharged upward through the internal passage 48 of the spool valve body 38 from the air outlet 3812 at the upper end, as indicated by the arrow 58.

[0124] At this time, the dustproof cap 52 attached to the air outlet 3812 at the tip of the spool valve body 38 comes off due to the force of the released air, but remains attached to the string 54, so it can be reused without being lost.

[0125] When the air is released, the air filling of the smoke-proof head cover 24 is completed, and the push-in head 40 is released by the connecting cap 34, the push-in head 40 is pushed up by the force of the spring 45 as shown in Figure 10(B), and the air inlet 3810 of the spool valve body 38 is closed, stopping the release of air.

[0126] Furthermore, the valve structure of the air filling head 24 is arbitrary. For example, the valve structure may be a cock valve, with a lever that rotates the valve body to open and close it held in the closed position by a spring, and a structure in which the valve body is rotated to the open position by pushing the lever to release air.

[0127] Furthermore, an LED display unit 4010, which functions as a head indicator, is embedded in a ring shape on the push head 40 of the air filling head 20, and the LED is driven to light up or flash by an external power supply or battery power. The LED display unit 4010 has ring-shaped light-emitting parts that emit light in, for example, green or red to make it conspicuous, so that evacuees wearing the smoke-proof head cover 24 can recognize the position of the air filling head 20 and easily refill the air.

[0128] [d. Evacuation equipment storage device] Next, other embodiments of disaster prevention equipment that house air filling devices and smoke-proof head covers will be described. These embodiments of disaster prevention equipment will be described separately as evacuation equipment storage boxes attached to fire hydrant systems, evacuation equipment storage boxes attached to fire extinguisher storage boxes, dedicated evacuation equipment storage boxes that house only air filling devices, air charging stands, and air filling heads attached to medical oxygen supply devices.

[0129] (d1. Storage box for emergency equipment attached to a fire hydrant) This section describes the evacuation equipment storage box attached to the fire hydrant system. For this description, please refer to Figure 11, which shows the evacuation equipment storage device attached to the fire hydrant system. Figure 11(A) shows the front view, and Figure 11(B) shows the internal structure with the storage door open.

[0130] As shown in Figure 11(A), an evacuation equipment storage box 60 is installed on one side of the fire hydrant device 10 located in the corridor that serves as an evacuation route. The evacuation equipment storage box 60 has a storage door 6010 that opens to the left when operated by a handle 6012. As shown in Figure 11(B), an air filling device 16 is stored in the lower part of the interior when the storage door 6010 is opened, and a shelf-like head cover storage section 25 is formed above it, where multiple smoke-proof head covers 24 in a folded state are stored.

[0131] As shown in Figure 8, the air filling device 16 has an air filling head 20 attached and fixed to the on / off valve 21 at the top of the air cylinder 18 via a pressure reducing valve 22.

[0132] In this way, by installing the dedicated evacuation equipment storage box 60 alongside the existing wall-mounted fire hydrant device 10, it becomes possible to easily construct an evacuation and life-saving system along the corridor that serves as an evacuation route.

[0133] (d2. Storage box for emergency equipment attached to the fire extinguisher box) Next, we will describe the evacuation equipment storage box attached to the fire extinguisher box. For this description, please refer to Figure 12, which shows the evacuation equipment storage device attached to the fire extinguisher box. Figure 12(A) shows the front view, and Figure 12(B) shows the internal structure with the fire extinguisher door open.

[0134] As shown in Figure 12(A), a fire extinguisher box 70 is installed in a corridor that serves as an evacuation route, and an evacuation equipment storage box 60 is attached to one side of it. The fire extinguisher box 70 opens to the left when the handle 7012 is operated, and as shown in Figure 12(B), the user can take out the fire extinguisher 72 stored inside, enabling firefighting activities.

[0135] The evacuation equipment storage box 60 has a storage door 6010 that opens to the right when operated by a handle 6012, and as shown in Figure 12(B) with the storage door 6010 partially broken, an air filling device 16 is stored inside.

[0136] The air filling device 16 has an air filling head 20 connected to an on-off valve 21 at the top of the air cylinder 18 via a pressure reducing valve 22. The air filling head 20 is positioned so that it penetrates the top plate of the device and is brought out to the upper end, with the push head 40 exposed to the outside. A transparent box 62 is attached to the exposed air filling head 40 so that it can be opened and closed downwards by a hinge 64.

[0137] The transparent box 62 protects the air filling head 20 from the outside when not in use, while also making it visible from the outside. When an evacuee wearing the smoke-proof head cover 24 uses it, the transparent cover 62 is opened as shown in Figure 12(B) to expose the air filling head 20, allowing for easy and simple air filling of the smoke-proof head cover 24 using the push-in head 40. The storage door 6010 is normally closed and is opened only when refilling the air cylinder 18 with pressurized air during periodic inspections, etc. The fire extinguisher door 7010 and the storage door 6010 are not necessarily required and may be of an open type.

[0138] In this way, by installing a dedicated evacuation equipment storage box 60 together with a fire extinguisher box 70 in the corridor that serves as an evacuation route, it becomes possible to easily construct an evacuation and life-saving system.

[0139] (d3. Dedicated storage device for evacuation equipment) Next, we will describe the dedicated evacuation equipment storage device. For this description, please refer to Figure 13, which shows a standalone evacuation equipment storage device (evacuation equipment storage box). Figure 13(A) shows the front view, and Figure 13(B) shows the internal structure with the storage door open.

[0140] As shown in Figure 13(A), the evacuation equipment storage box 60 in this embodiment is a separate, dedicated storage device from the evacuation equipment storage box 60 that was attached to the fire extinguisher box 70 shown in Figure 12. The same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and their descriptions are omitted.

[0141] The evacuation equipment storage boxes 60 are installed one or more times between the fire hydrant devices 10, which are arranged at 25-meter intervals in the corridor shown in Figure 1. This allows for the air filling devices 20, used for refilling air for evacuees 14 wearing protective head covers 24, to be installed at shorter intervals than 25 meters. For example, if one evacuation equipment storage box 60 is installed, the interval would be 12.5 meters, and if two are installed, the interval would be 8.3 meters. This enables air to be refilled by a large number of evacuees wearing protective head covers 24.

[0142] (d4. Air filling stand) Next, we will explain the air inflation stand. For this explanation, please refer to Figure 14, which shows the air inflation stand.

[0143] As shown in Figure 14, the air filling device 20 of this embodiment is mounted on an air filling stand 80. The air filling stand 80 has a pole 84 standing upright on a hemispherical base 82, with a cylindrical support base 86 fixed to the tip of the pole 84. The air filling device 20 is installed on the air filling stand 80 by fitting the air cylinder 18 into the support base 86.

[0144] The air filling device 16 has an air filling head 20 connected to an on-off valve 21 mounted on the top of the air cylinder 18 via a pressure reducing valve 22, and is positioned in an exposed state in a corridor or other area that serves as an evacuation route, allowing for refilling of air for evacuees 14 who are evacuating while wearing a protective head cover 24.

[0145] (d5. Medical oxygen supply device) Next, a medical oxygen supply system equipped with an air filling device will be described. This description will refer to Figure 15, which illustrates a medical oxygen supply system equipped with an air filling device.

[0146] As shown in Figure 15, an oxygen supply device 90 may be used for patients hospitalized in a medical facility. The oxygen supply device 90 is well known, and the upper outlet of the oxygen cylinder 92 is equipped with an on / off valve 93 that is opened and closed by an on / off handle 9310, followed by a pressure regulator 95 and a pressure gauge 96 for pressure adjustment, and further, a flow meter 97 to which an oxygen hose 98 is connected, and the oxygen hose 98 is connected to an oxygen mask worn by the patient.

[0147] In this embodiment, an air filling device 20 is attached and fixed to the oxygen supply device 90 via a T-type joint 94 between the on-off valve 93 and the regulator 95.

[0148] Therefore, in the event of a fire and the need to evacuate a patient while they are fitted with a smoke-proof head cover 24, the air filling device 20 can be moved while filling the smoke-proof head cover 24 with oxygen from the oxygen cylinder 92 by pressing down the pressing head 40. Furthermore, to prevent the air filling device 20 from activating due to unintentional contact with the pressing head 40 while the oxygen supply device 90 is in use, a safety device such as a function equivalent to an on / off valve may be interposed between the T-type joint 94 and the air filling device 20.

[0149] [e. Life-saving evacuation system for tunnels] Next, we will describe the life-saving evacuation systems installed in tunnels on expressways and motorways. For this description, please refer to Figure 16, which shows the life-saving evacuation system installed inside the tunnel. Figure 16(A) shows the attendant's passage as seen from the front, and Figure 16(B) shows the attendant's passage as seen from above.

[0150] As shown in Figure 16, inside the tunnel, a monitoring walkway 120 is installed at a predetermined height along the tunnel side wall of the road 140, and tunnel fire hydrant devices 100 are installed on the monitoring walkway 120 at predetermined intervals, for example, every 50 meters.

[0151] The tunnel life-saving evacuation system consists of smoke-proof head covers 24, as shown in Figures 3 to 7, which are worn by evacuees 14 evacuating along the monitoring walkway 120, and an air-filling device that fills the smoke-proof head covers 24 worn by the evacuees 14 with fresh air to enable continuous breathing.

[0152] The air filling device has air pipes 110 installed on both sides of the tunnel fire hydrant device 100 at a predetermined height on the tunnel wall along the guardian's passage 120, for example, at waist height of evacuees 14, and air filling heads 20 are provided in the air pipes 110 at predetermined intervals, for example, at 5-meter intervals. An air compressor 102, which functions as an air supply source installed in a duct inside (below) the guardian's passage 120, is connected to the air pipes 110 via a gate valve 104.

[0153] The air compressor 102 supplies compressed air at, for example, 0.6 to 0.8 MPa to the air piping 110 and operates automatically to maintain the set pressure of a pressure switch located on its own air tank, for example, 0.7 MPa. The air compressor 102 is designed to draw in and compress the air inside the monitoring passage 120 through a filter or the like.

[0154] The smoke-proof head cover 24 worn by the evacuee 14 is equipped with a connecting cap 34 via a sheet pipe 32. When the air inside the cover body decreases and it begins to shrink, as shown by the evacuee 14 on the far right, pressing the connecting cap 34 against the air-filling head 20 opens the valve mechanism, releasing air. Fresh air is then filled into the cover body via the sheet pipe 32 from the air pipe 110, causing it to inflate and enabling evacuation while continuously breathing using the smoke-proof head cover 24.

[0155] Therefore, even in the event of a fire in a tunnel on a highway or expressway, evacuees can wear the smoke-proof head cover 24 and repeatedly refill it with air while moving, enabling continuous breathing and allowing for the safe evacuation of evacuees in a situation where they are enveloped in smoke generated by a fire.

[0156] [f. Variations of the present invention] Modifications of the life-saving evacuation system according to the present invention will now be described. In addition to the embodiments described above, the life-saving evacuation system of the present invention includes the following modifications.

[0157] (Housing) In the above embodiment, a life-saving evacuation system for buildings such as office buildings is used as an example, but it is not limited to this and may be installed in detached houses or apartment buildings. In this case, it is desirable to install an evacuation equipment storage box 60 attached to the fire extinguisher box shown in Figure 12, or a dedicated evacuation equipment storage box 60 shown in Figure 13.

[0158] (others) Furthermore, the present invention includes appropriate modifications that do not impair its purpose and advantages, and is not limited by the numerical values ​​shown in the above embodiments. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0159] 10: Fire hydrant system 1010: Fire hydrant door 1011: Handle 1012: Fire hose 1014: Nozzle 1016: Discharge valve 1020: Emergency alarm door 1022: Transmitter 1024: Red indicator light 1026: Sound department 12: Corridor 14: Evacuee 16: Air filling device 18: Air cylinder 20: Air filling head 21: Shut-off valve 2110: Opening / closing handle 22: Pressure Reducing Valve 23: Pressure gauge 22: Head cover storage compartment 24: Smoke-proof head cover 25: Head cover storage compartment 26: Cover body 28: Closing string 2810: Lock pin 30: Mouthpiece 3010: Mouth tube 3011: Ventilation holes 3012: Blower cover 3014: Threaded part 3016: Fixed flange 3018: Mouthpiece 3020: Contact surface 32: Seat Piping 34: Connecting cap 3410: Cap body 3412: Connecting pipe section 3414: Check valve 3420: Coil spring 36: Head body 3610:Hexagonal surface 3612: Threaded part 38: Spool valve body 3810: Air inlet 3812: Air outlet 40: Push-in head 4010:LED display section 42: Retainer 44: Shaft hole 45: Spring 46,49: Seal 47: Stopper 48: Internal passage 50: Air intake hole 52: Dust cap 54: String 60: Emergency supplies storage box 6010: Storage door 6012: Handle 62: Transparent Box 64: Hinge 70: Fire extinguisher storage box 7010: Fire extinguisher door 7012: Handle 72: Fire extinguisher 80: Air Inflation Stand 82: Base 84: Paul 86: Support stand 90: Oxygen supply device 92: Oxygen tank 93: Shut-off valve 9310: Opening / closing handle 94: T-type joint 95: Regulator 96: Pressure gauge 97:Flowmeter 98: Oxygen hose 100: Tunnel fire hydrant system 102: Air compressor 104: Gate valve 110: Air Piping 120: Guard passage 140: Road

Claims

1. A life-saving evacuation system installed in the evacuation route of a facility, Multiple smoke-proof head covers are stored in disaster prevention equipment installed along the aforementioned evacuation route, and are designed to be worn by evacuees, filled with air, to cover their heads and protect them from external smoke while allowing them to breathe. An air filling device installed along the aforementioned evacuation route, which fills the smoke-proof head cover worn by the evacuee with fresh air to enable continuous breathing, A life-saving evacuation system characterized by being equipped with the following features.

2. A life-saving evacuation system according to claim 1, The aforementioned smoke-proof head cover is The cover body is made of a transparent synthetic resin sheet and is attached to cover the head of the evacuee, and The cover body, which is attached to the head of the evacuee, has a drawstring that tightens around the evacuee's neck to close the opening of the bag, A mouthpiece attached to the cover body, which the evacuee holds in their mouth to allow them to exhale or inhale to the outside, An air introduction pipe for supplying and filling the cover body with fresh air from the air filling device, A life-saving evacuation system characterized by being equipped with the following features.

3. A life-saving evacuation system according to claim 2, The life-saving evacuation system is characterized in that the cover body has an air-filling capacity that allows the evacue to breathe for a predetermined period of time when worn on the head by the filled air.

4. A life-saving evacuation system according to claim 2, The life-saving evacuation system is characterized in that the cover body has an air-filling capacity that allows the evacuee to breathe for three minutes or more while wearing it on their head.

5. A life-saving evacuation system according to claim 2, The aforementioned air intake piping is A foldable sheet pipe made of synthetic resin formed into a tubular shape, A connecting cap is attached to the end of the aforementioned sheet piping and connects to the aforementioned air filling device to introduce fresh air, A check valve is placed inside the aforementioned seat piping to prevent backflow of air supplied from the air filling device, A life-saving evacuation system characterized by the presence of the following features.

6. A life-saving evacuation system according to claim 5, The air filling device is A pressurized air cylinder, An air filling head is attached to the air cylinder and supplies fresh air to fill the smoke-proof head cover worn by the evacuee, A life-saving evacuation system characterized by being equipped with the following features.

7. A life-saving evacuation system according to claim 6, The aforementioned air filling head is A head body is fixed to the air outlet of the aforementioned air cylinder via an on / off valve and a pressure reducing valve, A valve mechanism is provided within the head body so as to be movable in the vertical direction by pushing in, and when the spool valve is released, it closes an internal passage that opens at the upper end of the spool valve, and when it is pushed in, it opens the internal passage to release air from the air cylinder through the air outlet at the upper end of the spool valve. Equipped with, A life-saving evacuation system characterized by opening the valve mechanism by pushing the valve mechanism with the connecting cap, thereby supplying fresh air to the smoke-proof head cover via the air intake piping.

8. A life-saving evacuation system according to claim 7, The valve mechanism is A push-in head is fixed to the upper end of the spool valve body, with the air outlet exposed at the top, A spring that holds the push-in head in the closed position of the spool valve body, A dustproof cap is attached to the aforementioned air outlet and detaches when air is released due to the opening of the valve, A life-saving evacuation system characterized by being equipped with the following features.

9. A life-saving evacuation system according to claim 8, The aforementioned push-in head is equipped with a head display unit that allows the head position to be visually confirmed, characterized in that it is a life-saving evacuation system.

10. A life-saving evacuation system according to claim 1, The life-saving evacuation system is characterized in that the air filling device is housed in a fire hydrant device, fire extinguisher device, or dedicated storage device installed along the evacuation route.

11. A life-saving evacuation system according to claim 1, The life-saving evacuation system is characterized in that the evacuation route includes a hospital room that serves as the starting point for evacuation, and the air filling device is located in a medical oxygen supply device installed in the hospital room.

12. A life-saving evacuation system according to claim 1, The aforementioned smoke-proof head cover is stored in a folded state within a fire hydrant device, fire extinguisher device, or dedicated storage device installed along the evacuation route, making it a life-saving evacuation system.

13. A life-saving evacuation system according to claim 1, The air filling device is Air piping is arranged along the monitoring staff passageway that runs along the tunnel wall, Air filling heads are arranged at predetermined intervals in the air piping and supply fresh air to fill the smoke-proof head cover worn by the evacuee, A life-saving evacuation system characterized by being equipped with the following features.

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