Powder containing a carrier to which the active ingredient is applied via a solvent.

Abstract

The present invention provides an insecticidal composition capable of controlling insects, including bed bugs, and a method for controlling insects. [Solution] A sprayable insecticide composition comprising a carrier and an emulsifiable concentrate, The emulsifiable concentrate is (a) at least one surfactant, (b) at least one solvent, (c) comprising at least one active insecticide component, The insecticidal composition is a spray-type in which the carrier is selected from the group consisting of silica aerosol, amorphous silica, microporous silica, talc, diatomaceous earth, clay, and combinations thereof, the carrier is suspended in an emulsifiable concentrate, and the active insecticidal component is adsorbed onto the carrier or atomized or solubilized within the carrier.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This disclosure provides insecticidal compositions capable of controlling insects, including bed bugs. This disclosure further provides methods for controlling insects, including bed bug infestations, by applying the insecticidal compositions described herein. This disclosure further provides methods for preparing insecticidal compositions useful for controlling insects, including bed bugs. [Background technology]

[0002] There is an ongoing need for compositions and methods that can effectively control bed bugs.

[0003] Bed bugs have been known as parasites for thousands of years and feed on blood. Treatment for bed bug bites focuses on managing symptoms. Patient responses to bites vary from no visible improvement to small spots, prominent wheals and blister formation accompanied by intense itching that can last for several days.

[0004] Central bleeding points can also be induced by the release of anticoagulants in the insect's saliva. Symptoms may not appear until several days after the bite, and reactions often occur more immediately after multiple exposures, possibly due to sensitization to the bed bug's anticoagulant salivary proteins. Skin reactions typically occur within the area of ​​the bite, most commonly on the arms, shoulders, and legs. Multiple bites can lead to erythematous rashes or hives.

[0005] More severe bed bug infestations and chronic bites are known to cause anxiety, stress, and insomnia in some patients. As patients develop an overwhelming obsession with bed bugs, the development of intractable parasitological delusions may occur. Therefore, improved methods and compositions are needed for bed bug control in homes and hotels.

[0006] Eliminating bed bugs from homes is often difficult, partly because they can survive for up to a year without food. Repeated treatment of the infested area may be required. Conventionally, such treatment may include heating rooms to 57°C (or 135°F) or 60°C (140°F) for 6-8 hours, frequent vacuuming, drying / washing clothes at high temperatures, and the use of various insecticides.

[0007] Bed bug infestations are a global problem affecting all habitable areas, particularly densely populated regions. Bed bug infestations have become relatively more common, especially since the 1990s. Possible contributing factors include a significant increase in human travel and migration rates, increased frequency of replacing used furniture such as mattresses and sofas, a greater emphasis on controlling other more harmful pests, and increasing resistance to insecticides.

[0008] Bed bug control is essential for the hospitality industry. A 2017 survey found that 80% of hotels had dealt with bed bugs in the previous year, and approximately 40% had taken action against bed bugs within the previous month. Ongoing monitoring and treatment of bed bugs is routine and expensive. Hotels spend an average of $6,383 per bed bug infestation. Typical costs associated with bed bug infestations include fabric replacement, treatment, and business losses.

[0009] Furthermore, nearly half of all hotels have faced lawsuits over bed bug infestations, with each case costing an average of over $17,000, and the total cost for litigation and remediation for a single bed bug infestation reaching approximately $240,000. In addition, hotels treat bed bugs about seven times on average, every five years.

[0010] While bed bug resistance to active ingredients is not a new phenomenon, reports of resistance to bed bug spray formulations are a worrying development. The increasing reports of bed bug resistance to modern insecticides only highlight the urgent need for products that can break down bed bug resistance.

[0011] Various suspension concentrates, including TEMPRID®, TANDEM®, TRANSPORT®, MIKRON®, and CROSSFIRE®, have been developed to control bed bugs. These formulations have limited efficacy against highly resistant bed bug strains. While active ingredient combinations have achieved varying degrees of success in the past, bed bugs have an inherent tendency to develop resistance to active ingredients, even when used in combination.

[0012] The inventors have found that the methods and formulations described herein demonstrate unexpected effectiveness in controlling insects, including bed bugs, which have developed resistance to many existing treatment methods. [Overview of the project]

[0013] The inventors of this disclosure have found that the compositions and methods described herein demonstrate remarkable control over insects, including bed bugs.

[0014] In some embodiments, this disclosure is, (a) at least one active insecticide component, (b) Provide an insecticidal composition comprising at least one carrier.

[0015] In some embodiments, the composition further (c) at least one solvent, (d) comprising at least one surfactant.

[0016] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a method of controlling insects, comprising applying a sprayable insecticidal composition comprising the compositions disclosed herein to an insect, surface, or object to be treated.

[0017] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a method of controlling insects, comprising applying a sprayable powder insecticidal composition comprising the compositions disclosed herein diluted with water to an insect, surface, or object to be treated.

[0018] In some embodiments, the present disclosure In a first step, (a) preparing an emulsifiable concentrate comprising at least one surfactant, (b) at least one solvent, and (c) at least one active insecticidal ingredient; and In a second step, adding at least one carrier to the emulsifiable concentrate and suspending the carrier in the emulsifiable concentrate, to provide a method of preparing a sprayable insecticidal composition.

[0019] In some embodiments, the present disclosure In a first step, (a) preparing an emulsifiable concentrate comprising at least one surfactant, (b) at least one solvent, and (c) at least one active insecticidal ingredient; and In a second step, adding at least one carrier to the emulsifiable concentrate and suspending the carrier in the emulsifiable concentrate, and In a third step, diluting the emulsifiable concentrate in water or another solvent, to provide a method of preparing a sprayable powder insecticidal composition.

[0020] In some embodiments, the active ingredient is a sodium channel blocker.

[0021] In some embodiments, the active ingredient is a nicotinic receptor agonist.

[0022] In some embodiments, the insecticidal composition comprises a combination of one or more sodium channel blockers.

[0023] In some embodiments, the insecticidal composition comprises a combination of one or more nicotinic receptor agonists.

[0024] In some embodiments, the insecticidal composition comprises a combination of one or more sodium channel blockers and one or more nicotinic receptor agonists.

[0025] In some embodiments, the carrier is an inert carrier that has been shown to possess insecticidal activity, i.e., drying properties, abrasive properties, thermal properties, etc.

[0026] In some embodiments, the insecticidal composition is atomized or solubilized on carrier particles. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0027] The inventors of this disclosure have found that the compositions and methods described herein demonstrate remarkable control over insects, including bed bugs.

[0028] Bed bugs have an inherent tendency to develop resistance to the active ingredient (ai), even when used in combination. However, bed bugs have not yet developed significant resistance to physical modes of action such as heat, drying, and / or abrasion. This invention therefore represents a proactive response to the growing threat of bed bug resistance in the pest control industry.

[0029] Spray formulations have also been developed in the industry to combat resistant bed bugs using various modes of action, such as the drying properties of silica aerogels (e.g., CimeXa) or the abrasive properties of diatomaceous earth. While these currently available spray formulations have some effectiveness against resistant bed bugs due to their alternative modes of action (e.g., damaging the bed bug keratin through physical means rather than physiological effects on the nervous system), they lack the "killing rate" that would be desired from conventional suspension formulations.

[0030] For example, the inventors of this disclosure have found that spray-type powder insecticide formulations differ from conventional insecticide suspension concentrate formulations in terms of bioavailability and, therefore, in terms of efficacy. Furthermore, while insecticide powders generally have a high degree of efficacy against insects, the application of such powders has conventionally been a labor-intensive process involving manual fumigators, requiring pest control operators to crawl under areas that are difficult to reach in order to apply the product. On the other hand, conventional spray products are easy to apply, but they lack the bioavailability and persistence of conventional powder products.

[0031] The inventors of this disclosure have found that, in certain embodiments, combining a sprayable powder with a suspension concentrate can achieve improved bed bug control compared to existing compositions and methods. Incorporating insecticidal powder into a sprayable product of an emulsifiable concentrate improves the accessibility of powder applications to conventional spraying services. The present invention also enables liquid spray applications of insecticidal powder, which are significantly less labor-intensive than conventional powder applications. Furthermore, liquid spray deposition allows for a more uniform distribution of the product on a surface compared to the distribution of powder.

[0032] The inventors have therefore found that the sprayable powder compositions described herein, as well as the methods of using and applying them, demonstrate a remarkably improved control of insects, including bed bugs, compared to existing compositions and methods. The described inventions bridge the gap between conventional spray products and conventional powder products.

[0033] The compositions and methods of the present invention described herein possess multiple modes of action for overcoming resistance exhibited by several specific strains of pests such as bed bugs.

[0034] In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides an insecticidal composition comprising (a) at least one active insecticidal component and (b) at least one carrier.

[0035] In some embodiments, the composition further comprises (c) at least one solvent and (d) at least one surfactant.

[0036] In certain embodiments, the composition of the present invention includes a solubilizing active ingredient incorporated into a microparticle carrier.

[0037] In one embodiment, one or more insecticidal powders are incorporated into the composition of the present invention to increase the bioavailability of the carrier on a microscopically porous substrate, and play a role in extending the residual efficacy as any insect passing through the insecticidal powder is exposed to both the insecticidal carrier and the solubilizing or suspended active ingredient.

[0038] In addition, in some embodiments, the carrier also enhances efficacy by possessing different modes of action, such as drying properties, abrasive properties, or thermal properties, where the carrier itself has insecticidal properties and dries out insects by absorbing the waxy cuticle layer, leading to insect death. Surprisingly, it has been found that active ingredients that themselves have insecticidal properties and such carriers can overcome bed bug resistance when used together. In some embodiments, the active ingredient is micronized or solubilized on carrier particles.

[0039] Furthermore, in certain embodiments, the compositions described herein exhibit improved persistence, surface compatibility, and surface bioavailability for all active ingredients contained herein.

[0040] When combined, the carrier and active ingredient can have unexpected effects, such as the absorption of the insect's waxy cuticle layer (which normally acts as a barrier to the entry of sprayed active ingredients) by the carrier, allowing the active ingredient to penetrate more easily into the insect's hemolymph. The combined effect is dual, namely, the breakdown of the insect's cuticle coupled with the penetration of the active ingredient into the body.

[0041] In some embodiments, a simple aqueous tank mixture of a carrier and an active ingredient is insufficient for simultaneous degradation and penetration. In the present invention, the active ingredient is micronized or solubilized on carrier particles, thus achieving simultaneous degradation and penetration of the carrier and active ingredient into insects at each contact point. Improved insecticidal efficacy is achieved by combining one or more active ingredients with a carrier in such a way that the active ingredient is micronized or solubilized on carrier particles, for example, a silica carrier. In contrast, formulations in which the active ingredient and silica are all micronized as a conventional suspension concentrate would not achieve the same efficacy because the silica no longer serves as a carrier for the active ingredient. Bed bugs or other insects / pests would interact separately with the silica and active substance at different contact points in such conventional suspension concentrates. However, the compositions of the present invention achieve true combination, and therefore simultaneous contact of silica and active ingredient with target pests.

[0042] In certain embodiments, the compositions of the present invention include a solid carrier without a liquid component. In some embodiments, such embodiments may be dispersed or otherwise diffused without the use of spraying, eliminating the need for incorporation into a liquid. In certain embodiments, the compositions described herein are in powder form.

[0043] A composition may be a concentrate or a ready-to-use composition. A concentrate refers to a composition that is diluted to form a ready-to-use composition. A ready-to-use composition refers to a composition that is applied to a target. A concentrated composition may be diluted before use in any suitable ratio, for example, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:10, 1:20, 1:50, 1:99, or any other suitable ratio that yields an effective amount of the active ingredient (pheromone component and / or insecticide) in the diluted solution.

[0044] In certain embodiments, the composition of the present invention is formulated as an aqueous silica suspension.

[0045] In certain embodiments, the compositions of the present invention include a solid carrier incorporated into a sprayable liquid. Incorporation into a liquid will preserve the beneficial properties of the compositions described herein (i.e., improved surface bioavailability, surface compatibility, and persistence). Incorporation into a sprayable liquid formulation will further enable support for a wider range of use patterns, more specific dosing, and a wider range of application rates.

[0046] In certain embodiments, the compositions described herein are concentrated suspension formulations.

[0047] In certain embodiments, the compositions described herein are carrier-based suspension concentrates.

[0048] In one embodiment, the selected inert carrier possesses insecticidal activity resulting from a drying effect, abrasive effect, or thermal effect.

[0049] In certain embodiments, the carrier is silica, or any silica-based or silica-derived carrier.

[0050] Suitable solid carriers include, for example, terrestrial natural minerals such as kaolin, clay, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite, or diatomaceous earth, as well as terrestrial synthetic minerals such as fine silica, alumina, and silicates. Suitable solid carriers for granules include, for example, crushed and fragmented natural rocks such as calcite, pumice, marble, sepiolite, and dolomite, as well as synthetic granules of inorganic and organic foods, and granules of organic materials such as sawdust, coconut shells, corn cobs, and tobacco stalks.

[0051] In certain embodiments, whether or not the carrier is incorporated into a liquid component, the carrier is silica aerogel, amorphous silica, microporous silica, talc, diatomaceous earth, clay, defatted or dehydrated cracked corn, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydrosilicate (kaolinite), and / or gypsum.

[0052] In some embodiments, any solvent and surfactant may be used to prepare the compositions according to the present invention.

[0053] In some manner, any solvent can be used to incorporate a solid component into a sprayable formulation.

[0054] In certain embodiments, the solvent is a water-immiscible, low-volatility organic solvent.

[0055] In certain embodiments, the solvent is N,N-dimethyl(octanamide / decanamide).

[0056] In other embodiments, the solvent is 1-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, benzyl acetate, benzyl benzoate, 2-ethylhexyl lactate, dibutyl isosorbide, cyclohexanone, propylene glycol phenyl ether, and combinations and / or derivatives thereof.

[0057] In certain embodiments, the solvent is a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, a polyoxyethylene fatty acid alcohol ether, or a nonionic and anionic emulsifier such as an alkylaryl polyglycol ether, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl sulfate, aryl sulfonate, or protein hydrolysate. Suitable dispersants include, for example, lignosulfite wastewater and methylcellulose.

[0058] In some forms, surfactants can be used to enhance the solubility of a composition or its components, and to improve the homogeneity of the composition. Surfactants can also be used to reduce surface tension and to assist in the application of the composition, for example, by spraying. Suitable surfactants include, for example, nonionic, cationic, anionic, amphoteric, or semipolar nonionic surfactants, and combinations thereof. Exemplary emulsifiers include fatty carboxylic acids, fatty carboxylic acid salts, and esters of fatty carboxylic acids such as polyglyceryl oleate, polyglyceryl stearate, or lecithin. Surfactants can be selected based on the intended use of the composition. For example, surfactants can be incorporated into a composition to improve the solubility of the active ingredient, to form an emulsion, to improve wetting properties, or for other similar purposes. A composition may contain about 0 to 20% by weight of surfactant, or about 0.5 to 15% by weight of surfactant. For example, suitable surfactants include, but are not limited to, sorbitol oleate polyoxyethylene and / or polyoxypropylene, polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene block copolymers, tristyrylphenol ethoxylate / propoxylate, polyoxyethylene castor oil, alkoxylated phosphate esters, and combinations and / or derivatives thereof.

[0059] In some manner, any insecticidal active ingredient can be used in accordance with the present invention. Suitable active ingredients include:

[0060] dd-T-cyphenothrin, acrinatrin, permethrin, phenothrin, d-phenothrin, arethrin, d-arethrin, dd-arethrin, pyrethrin, prallethrin, cyphenothrin, cyfluthrin, β-cyfluthrin, bifenthrin, cycloprothrin, cyhalothrin, λ-cyhalothrin, γ-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, σ-cypermethrin, α-cypermethrin, ζ-cypermethrin, dimefluthrin, empenthrin, deltamethrin, teralethrin, tef Pyrethroid compounds such as fluthrin, fenvalerate, esfenvalerate, flucitrinate, flufenprox, flumethrin, fluvalinate, τ-fluvalinate, profluthrin, halfenprox, imiprothrin, benfluthrin, resmethrin, d-resmethrin, silafluofen, tralomethrin, tetramethrin, d-tetramethrin, flumethrin, metofluthrin, fenpropathrin, transfluthrin, or etofenprox.

[0061] Organophosphorus compounds such as acephate, butathiophos, chloretoxyphos, chlorfenvinphos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, cyanophos, diazinon, bis(2-chloroisopropyl) ether (DCIP), diclofenthion, dichlorobos, dimethoate, dimethylvinphos, disulfon, o-ethyl-o-(4-nitrophenyl)phenylphosphonothioate (EPN), ethion, etoprophos, etrimphos, fenthion, fenitrothion, fostiazate, formothion, isofenphos, isoxathion, malathion, mesulfenphos, methidathion, monoclotophos, naled, parathion, fosalon, fosmet, pyrimiphos-methyl, pyridafenthion, quinalphos, fentatos, profenphos, propaphos, prothiophos, pyraclophos, salichion, sulprophos, temephos, terbuphos, trichlorfon, or kazusaphos,

[0062] N-phenylpyrazole compounds such as fipronil,

[0063] Carbamate compounds such as Proposkill, Alanicarb, Benfuracarb, Bassa (BPMC), Carbaryl, Carbofuran, Carbosulfan, Chloetocarb, Ethiofencarb, Phenobucarb, Methomyl, Methiocarb, Carbaryl (NAC), Oxamyl, Pyrimicarb, 3,5-Xylylmethylcarbamate (XMC), Thiodicarb, Xylicarb, or Aldicarb.

[0064] Oxadiazole compounds such as methoxadiazone,

[0065] Imidaclopride, clothianidin, thiamethoxam, dinotefuran, acetamiprid, nitenpyram, or neonicotinoid compounds such as thiacloprid,

[0066] Insect growth regulators such as pyriproxyfen, methoprene, hydroprene, phenoxycarb, etoxazole, chlorfluazuron, triazuron, novaron, hexaflumuron, diflubenzuron, ciromazine, flufenoxuron, teflubenzuron, triflumulon, or lufenuron.

[0067] Macrolide compounds such as milbemycin, abamectin, or ivermectin, and

[0068] This includes diamide compounds such as chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, cyclaniliprole, tetraniliprole, flubendiamide, or cyhalodiamide.

[0069] In certain embodiments, the active ingredient is a sodium channel blocker.

[0070] In certain embodiments, the active ingredient is a pyrethroid.

[0071] In certain embodiments, the active ingredient is α-cypermethrin, cyfluthrin, β-cyfluthrin, esfenvalerate, phenothrin, cyhalothrin, γ-cyhalothrin, λ-cyhalothrin, bifenthrin, or a combination thereof.

[0072] In certain embodiments, the active ingredient is a nicotinic receptor agonist.

[0073] In certain embodiments, the active ingredient is a neonicotinoid such as asimidacloprid, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, flupyradifurone, dinotefuran, clothianidin, or a combination thereof.

[0074] In certain embodiments, the compositions described herein include a combination of two or more active ingredients.

[0075] In certain embodiments, the composition of the present invention comprises both a sodium channel blocker and a nicotinic receptor agonist as active ingredients. In some embodiments, the sodium channel blocker is a pyrethroid, and the nicotinic receptor agonist is a neonicotinoid. In certain embodiments, the sodium channel blocker is α-cypermethrin, cyfluthrin, β-cyfluthrin, esfenvalerate, phenothrin, cyhalothrin, γ-cyhalothrin, λ-cyhalothrin, bifenthrin, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the nicotinic receptor agonist is imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, flupyradifurone, dinotefuran, clothianidin, or a combination thereof.

[0076] In some cases, the amount, concentration, and application rate of sodium channel blockers or nicotinic receptor agonists, as well as the total amount of the composition employed, depend on the specific insect pest strain and pest outbreak. The optimal ratio and overall rate used can be determined for each application by a series of tests.

[0077] In one aspect, the composition of the present invention is 0.0001 mg / m 2 ~1000 mg / m 2 or 0.0005 mg / m 2 ~500 mg / m 2 or 0.001 mg / m 2 ~250 mg / m 2 or 0.005 mg / m 2 ~100 mg / m 2 and contains a sodium channel blocker at a concentration of.

[0078] In one aspect, the composition of the present invention is 0.0001 mg / m 2 ~1000 mg / m 2 or 0.0005 mg / m 2 ~500 mg / m 2 or 0.001 mg / m 2 ~250 mg / m 2 or 0.005 mg / m 2 ~100 mg / m 2 and contains a nicotinic receptor agonist at a concentration of.

[0079] In one aspect, a composition of the present invention containing both a sodium channel blocker ("SCB") and a nicotinic receptor agonist ("NRA") contains SCB and NRA at an SCB:NRA ratio of 1:200 to 200:1, or 1:100 to 100:1, or 1:50 to 50:1, or 1:25 to 25:1, or 1:10 to 10:1.

[0080] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of preventing or controlling insects or pests, including applying the compositions discussed herein to insects, surfaces, or objects to be treated.

[0081] In one aspect, according to the method of the present invention, the composition described herein is 0.0001 mg / m 2 ~1000 mg / m 2 or 0.0005 mg / m 2 ~500 mg / m 2 or 0.001 mg / m 2 ~250 mg / m2 , or 0.005 mg / m² 2 ~100mg / m 2 It is applied to the surface or other area at the application speed.

[0082] The combination of pyrethroids and nicotinic receptor agonists achieves effective insecticidal activity because the nicotinic receptor agonist increases sodium channel opening, thereby increasing the uptake of molecules that act on sodium channels. Previous products have combined pyrethroids and neonicotinoid active ingredients together in formulations of suspended microparticle active ingredients. However, these complex products have not overcome all forms of resistance observed in selective bed bug strains. The compositions of the present invention differ in that, in certain embodiments, one or more solubilizing active ingredients are combined with an inactive carrier.

[0083] The formulations described herein can be sprayed or misted onto surfaces. When misted, liquid applications dry, leaving behind an insecticide powder residue. Insecticide powders are known for their extremely excellent residual efficacy.

[0084] Incorporating powders into spray products is unprecedented in the pest control industry for controlling insects such as bed bugs. Furthermore, specific combinations of silica powder and carrier powders such as active ingredients result in resistance-destructive behavior not seen separately from powders or AI.

[0085] In certain embodiments, the composition of the present invention comprises an active ingredient in addition to a sodium channel blocker and / or a nicotinic receptor agonist. In certain embodiments, any additional insecticidal or biocidetic ingredients may be present in the composition.

[0086] In certain embodiments, the composition of the present invention further comprises, as an active ingredient, one or more active ingredients selected from diamide / pyridylpyrazole, brofuranilide, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, tetraniliprole, isoxazoline, afoxolaner, fluralaner, fluxamethamide, oxadiazine / semicarbazone, indoxacarb, and metaflumizone.

[0087] In certain embodiments, the compositions of the present invention may be formulated together with an emulsifier in a suspension emulsion.

[0088] This disclosure further provides a method for preparing sprayable powders of the compositions described herein. The order and method of combination are important for the performance of the final product.

[0089] In some embodiments, a conventional emulsifiable concentrate containing a solvent, a surfactant, and an active ingredient is first prepared for the preparation of a particular embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, a mixer may be employed.

[0090] Next, a carrier is added and incorporated into an emulsifiable concentrate under moderate to high shear forces. Over time, the emulsifiable concentrate is completely adsorbed onto the carrier. In some cases, a high-shear force mixer may be employed.

[0091] Next, the carrier is suspended in an emulsifiable concentrate. In some cases, a high-shear mixer may be used.

[0092] In some embodiments, the carrier particles, such as silica particles, used in the preparation of the composition of the present invention may have any particle size and any pore size.

[0093] In some manner, conventional manufacturing methods, comprising mixing one or more solvents, one or more surfactants, and one or more active ingredients, may be employed to prepare an emulsifiable concentrate.

[0094] For the preparation of a sprayable formulation, dilution in water or another sprayable solvent is performed last. Depending on the dilution into the spray tank with water, the emulsifiable concentrate forms an emulsion in the water. The carrier remains suspended in the spray tank, and little of the emulsifiable concentrate is desorbed from the silica aerogel due to the long time required for adsorption / desorption kinetics. Such a time for adsorption / desorption depends on properties such as the pore size of the carrier, the stereovolume of the surfactant used, and the binding coefficient between the emulsifiable concentrate solvent and the carrier.

[0095] In some manner, any pest or insect can be controlled by the compositions and / or methods taught herein. Some embodiments of the present invention can be used to control pests such as arthropods, including insects and spiders. Examples of pests include arthropods such as insects, spiders, centipedes, and millipedes, bed bugs, German cockroaches (Blattella germanica), American cockroaches (Periplaneta fuliginosa), American cockroaches (Periplaneta americana), cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis), red imported fire ants (Solenopsis Invicta), black carpenter ants (Camponotus pennsylvanicus), wrinkled ants (Tetramorium caespitum), Japanese wood ants (Formica species), Lasius species, Japanese wood ants (Formica species), houseflies (Musca domestica), broad-eared blowflies (Lucilia sericata), long-tailed silverfish (Ctenolepisma longicaudata), spotted silverfish (Thermobia domestica), and bean aphids (Aphis fabae), pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum), termite (Reticulitermes flavipes), granaria weevil (Sitophilus granarius), rice weevil (Sitophilus zeamais), flat flour beetle (Tribolium confusum), rusty-breasted flat beetle (Cryptolestes ferrugineus), house dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae), millipede (Cylindroiulus caeruleocinctus), centipede (Strigamia aluminata), woodlouse (Oniscus asellus), oribatid mite (Haplozetes species), house cricket (Acheta domestica), black widow spider (Latrodectus mactans), brown recluse spider (Loxosceles) Examples include *Pharaoh's reclusa* and the house ant (*Monomorium pharaonis*).Examples of pests include arthropod eggs, including bed bug eggs and cockroach eggs. Other examples of pests include whiteflies, mosquitoes, other species of flies, other species of aphids, other species of silverfish, lice, stink bugs, moths, beetles, lace bugs, whiteflies, peach aphids, citrus thrips, diamondback moths, leaf miners, grasshoppers, crickets, locusts, leafhoppers, planthoppers, psyllids, scale insects, midges, fruit flies, and tobacco budworms. Examples of pests include, but are not limited to, the larvae of the cotton earworm, armyworm, leafroller moth, caterpillars, monarch butterflies, mealybugs, weevils, horseflies, houseflies, sawflies, rice weevils, coffee weevils, vegetable weevils, corn borer larvae, horned flies, blowflies, pillbugs, mites, centipedes, and millipedes. Examples of pests also include spiders, including the house ghost spider, mites, black widow spiders, and brown recluse spiders. Possible pests also include, but are not limited to, scorpions and other species of spiders. This disclosure is intended to encompass uses against all of the above, as well as uses against other pests, including other insects and spiders, and other organisms, including fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes.

[0096] In some embodiments, the insecticidal compositions described herein are effective in killing and / or controlling pests, and / or preventing or reducing oviposition, and / or preventing or reducing the hatching of their eggs. In some embodiments, the insecticidal compositions described herein exhibit effective overwhelming insecticidal activity, effective dry residual insecticidal activity, and / or effective long-term residual insecticidal activity.

[0097] Some embodiments of the present invention can be used to control pests affecting humans and non-human mammals, including bed bugs, cockroaches, lice, fleas, ticks, mites, and scabies mites. Some embodiments of the present invention can be used to control pests affecting plants or agriculture, such as aphids or nematodes.

[0098] In certain embodiments, the insect controlled by the compositions and / or methods taught herein is a bed bug.

[0099] With respect to insects, and in particular with respect to bed bugs, as used herein, the term “control” refers to the possibility of killing and / or eliminating the insects and / or bed bugs.

[0100] In another embodiment, bed bugs controlled by the compositions and / or methods taught herein include, but are not limited to, insects belonging to the genus Cimex.

[0101] In yet another embodiment, bed bugs controlled by the compositions and / or methods taught herein include, but are not limited to, the species Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus.

[0102] The combination of active compounds according to the present invention may include, or may be used with, further components, such as additional active compounds of different types (e.g., other insecticides, antimicrobial compounds, fungicides, herbicides, etc.), and / or conventional additives for crop protection and / or formulation aids.

[0103] In some embodiments, the composition according to the present invention may comprise one or more biocides. In some embodiments, any commercially available biocides may be used. For example, PROXEL® GXL (20%) is provided by Arch Chemical (see excelind.co.in / Excel_Chemical / download / Proxel_GXL_literature.pdf) and KATHON® CG / ICP is provided by DuPont (see dupont.com / products / kathoncgicp.html).

[0104] The formulations disclosed herein may optionally include one or more additional compounds that provide additional beneficial or otherwise useful effects. Such compounds include, but are not limited to, adhesives, surfactants, solvents, wetting agents, emulsifiers, carriers, adjuvants, diluents, dispersants, insecticides, agricultural insecticides, fungicides, micronutrient or macronutrient fertilizers, herbicides, feeding inhibitors, insect molting inhibitors, insect mating inhibitors, insect maturation inhibitors, nematicides, nutrients or horticultural supplements, or any combination thereof.

[0105] In some forms, the suspension formulation according to the present invention may contain one or more wetting agents or dispersants. In some manner, any commercially available wetting or dispersing agent may be used.

[0106] This disclosure further provides methods for manufacturing and using the dispersible formulation of the present invention.

[0107] This disclosure further provides methods for producing and using the suspension formulations of the present invention.

[0108] In certain embodiments, the active ingredient is atomized or solubilized within a carrier.

[0109] In certain embodiments, the active ingredient is atomized or solubilized in a liquid solution.

[0110] In certain embodiments, the active ingredient is atomized or solubilized within the carrier and in the liquid solution.

[0111] In some embodiments, the composition of the present invention may further include or otherwise incorporate other powders. In other embodiments, such additional powders may be incorporated or otherwise added in the form of free micronizing active ingredients, either solubilized with the carrier or not solubilized with the carrier. In yet another embodiment, other embodiments may include a combination of both micronizing and solubilizing active ingredients and a carrier.

[0112] These formulations are produced by mixing the active compound with an extender, such as a liquid solvent, a pressurized liquefied gas, and / or a solid carrier, in any desired or known method, and optionally by the use of a surfactant, such as an emulsifier and / or dispersant and / or a foaming agent. When the extender used is water, it is also useful to employ an organic solvent as a co-solvent, for example. Suitable liquid solvents include, but are not limited to, aromatic compounds such as xylene, toluene, or alkylnaphthalene; chlorinated aromatic compounds or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene, chloroethylene, or methylene chloride; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffin; alcohols such as mineral oil fractions, butanol, or glycol, and their ethers and esters; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, or cyclohexanone; strong polar solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide; and water. The liquefied gas extender or carrier may include liquids that are gaseous at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, such as halogenated hydrocarbons, as well as aerosol propellants such as butane, propane, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. Suitable solid carriers include, for example, terrestrial natural minerals such as kaolin, clay, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite, or diatomaceous earth, as well as terrestrial synthetic minerals such as fine silica, alumina, and silicates. Suitable solid carriers for granules include, for example, crushed and fragmented natural rocks such as calcite, pumice, marble, sepiolite, and dolomite, as well as synthetic granules of inorganic and organic foods, and granules of organic materials such as sawdust, coconut shells, corn cobs, and tobacco stalks. Suitable emulsifiers and / or foaming agents include nonionic and anionic emulsifiers such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty acid alcohol ethers, for example, alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, aryl sulfonates, and protein hydrolysates. Suitable dispersants include lignosulfite wastewater and methylcellulose.

[0113] Tackifiers such as carboxymethylcellulose, as well as natural and synthetic polymers in the form of powders, granules, or latex, such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl acetate, and natural and synthetic phospholipids such as cephalin and lecithin, can be used in formulations. Other possible additives are mineral and vegetable oils.

[0114] Inorganic pigments, such as iron oxide, titanium dioxide, and Prussian blue, as well as organic dyes, such as alizarin dyes, azo dyes, and metal phthalocyanine dyes, and micronutrients such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum, and zinc, can also be used.

[0115] The combination of active compounds according to the present invention may include, or may be used with, further components, such as additional active compounds of different types (e.g., other insecticides, antimicrobial compounds, fungicides, herbicides, etc.), and / or conventional additives for crop protection and / or formulation aids. However, the combination of active compounds according to the present invention does not include piperonyl butoxide (PBO).

[0116] These formulations are produced in known ways, for example, by mixing active compound / active compound combinations with fillers, i.e., liquid solvents and / or solid carriers, and optionally by using surfactants, i.e., emulsifiers and / or dispersants, adjuvants, i.e., substances that improve biological performance without possessing their own biological activity, anti-foaming agents, preservatives, antioxidants, colorants, antifreeze, pH stabilizers, thickeners, and / or foaming agents.

[0117] Alternatively, in another embodiment of the present invention, the combination of active compounds is used to control bed bugs via ovicidal activity. For this purpose, the combination of active compounds of the present invention is applied directly to bed bugs and eggs (e.g., by spraying or scattering) (e.g., on the inside of the bed frame or headboard, including bed springs, box springs, and all cracks and joints).

[0118] In addition, substances suitable for use as optional adjuvants are those that are suitable for imparting specific properties, such as certain technical and / or specific biological properties, to the active compound / combination of active compounds themselves and / or preparations derived therefrom (e.g., spray solutions, seed coatings). Typical suitable adjuvants are fillers, solvents, and carriers.

[0119] Suitable fillers include, for example, water, aromatic and non-aromatic hydrocarbons (paraffins, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, chlorobenzenes, etc.), alcohols and polyols (which may be substituted, etherified, and / or esterified where appropriate), ketones (acetone, cyclohexanone, etc.), esters (including fats and oils) and (poly)ethers, unsubstituted and substituted amines, amides, lactams (such as N-alkylpyrrolidone) and lactones, sulfones and sulfoxides (such as dimethyl sulfoxide).

[0120] When water is used as the filler, for example, organic solvents can also be used as auxiliary solvents. Essentially, suitable liquid solvents include aromatic compounds such as xylene, toluene, or alkylnaphthalenes; chlorinated aromatic compounds and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene, chloroethylene, or methylene chloride; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffin; alcohols such as petroleum fractions, mineral oils, and vegetable oils, as well as their ethers and esters; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, or cyclohexanone; strongly polar solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide; and water.

[0121] Suitable solid carriers include, for example, ammonium salts, as well as terrestrial natural minerals such as kaolin, clay, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite, or diatomaceous earth, and terrestrial synthetic minerals such as fine silica, alumina, and silicates. Suitable solid carriers for granules include, for example, pulverized and fragmented natural rocks such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite, and dolomite, as well as synthetic granules of inorganic and organic foods, and granules of organic materials such as sawdust, coconut shells, corn cobs, and tobacco stalks. Suitable emulsifiers and / or foaming agents include, for example, polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty acid alcohol ethers, and, for example, alkylaryl polyglycers. Nonionic and anionic emulsifiers such as ethers, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, and protein hydrolysates are preferred dispersants, and suitable dispersants are nonionic and / or ionic substances from the class of alcohol-POE- and / or-POP-ethers, acids and / or POP-POE esters, alkylaryl and / or POP-POE ethers, fatty- and / or POP-POE adducts, POE- and / or POP-polyol derivatives, POE- and / or POP-sorbitan- or sugar adducts, alkyl or aryl sulfates, alkyl or aryl sulfonates, and alkyl or aryl phosphates, or corresponding PO-ether adducts. Furthermore, suitable oligos or polymers are also available, for example, derived from vinyl monomers, acrylic acid, EO and / or PO alone, or in combination with (poly)alcohols or (poly)amines. Lignin and its sulfonic acid derivatives, unmodified and modified cellulose, aromatic and / or aliphatic sulfonic acids, and their adducts can also be used together with formaldehyde.

[0122] The compositions described herein can be applied directly to the site of insect intrusion or directly to the insect itself.

[0123] The compositions described herein may be applied directly to a site or area as a preventative measure. For example, the compositions described herein may be applied to kill insects crossing or otherwise passing through the treated area.

[0124] The disclosed compositions can be used on a variety of surfaces and in a variety of locations. In some manner, the formulations described herein can be applied directly to walls, surfaces, floors, carpets, mattresses, clothing, luggage, or sheets, pillows, and other bedding. For example, the disclosed compositions can be used to treat surfaces, textiles, furniture, and structures, including cracks and fissures between floorboards, baseboards, headboards, furniture, and behind wallpaper, such as mattresses, box springs, beds, bed frames, cushions, chairs, sofas, seats, and other upholstered furniture, booths, textiles, carpets, rugs, clothing, and toys, personal items, books, electronic devices, picture frames, etc. The composition may be used, for example, in residential and lodging structures (e.g., houses, apartment buildings, dormitories, hotels, motels, hostels, etc.), food service establishments (e.g., restaurants, cafes, cafeterias, canteens, etc.), offices, government buildings, military facilities, transport vehicles (e.g., buses, trains, airplanes, cars, etc.), vessels (e.g., boats, submarines, cruise liners, ships, ferries, etc.), homeless shelters, entertainment venues (e.g., theaters, cinemas, casinos, etc.), or in patient rooms and common areas within medical and long-term care facilities. The composition may be used to treat entrances to buildings, around drive-through windows, road surfaces near drive-through windows, or concrete or trash cans outside buildings. In general, the composition may be used anywhere that is occupied by people or where possessions may be placed, and where bed bugs may have the opportunity to move from people or their possessions to the surrounding area.

[0125] In some embodiments, the compositions described herein may be applied in a single application step. In another embodiment, the compositions described herein may be applied in multiple application steps, for example, two, three, four, five or more application steps. In another embodiment, the second, third, fourth, or fifth or more application steps may involve the same or different formulations. The methods described herein also provide embodiments in which multiple application steps are omitted.

[0126] The formulations described herein can be applied to insects, sites, or objects treated at one or more application intervals of approximately 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 5 days, 7 days, 10 days, 12 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days, 35 days, 40 days, 45 days, 50 days, or 56 days.

[0127] The formulations described herein may be applied to the insect, site, or object being treated after the insect has been observed to kill, exterminate, or otherwise control an identified insect. Alternatively, the compositions described herein may be applied to the site or object being treated before any insect has been observed as a precautionary measure to kill, exterminate, or otherwise control an unidentified insect.

[0128] Further embodiments of the present invention relate to the use of the compositions and / or materials described above for controlling animal pests, preferably arthropods, preferably insects, more preferably insecticide-resistant bed bugs and bed bugs that are resistant to target sites and / or metabolic resistance. In another preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of such materials for controlling pyrethroid and / or carbamate-resistant mosquitoes, preferably pyrethroid and / or carbamate-resistant Anopheles gambiae and / or Anopheles funestus mosquitoes. In some manner, the compositions and materials of the present invention are used to control pyrethroid-resistant insects. Another preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to the use of such materials for controlling multi-resistance mosquitoes.

[0129] In another embodiment of the present invention, the active compound composition of the present invention is used to control insecticide-resistant insects, in one embodiment, insecticide-resistant bed bugs. The term “insecticide resistance” is used to describe a situation in which the target insect or bed bug is no longer killed by a standard dose of the insecticide (i.e., they are no longer affected by the insecticide) or manages to avoid contact with the insecticide. See 1.2; p.27; “Global Plan for Insecticide Resistance Management”, WHO 2012).

[0130] In some embodiments, certain embodiments of the present invention also relate to the use of the compositions and / or materials described above for controlling pyrethroid-resistant bed bugs. In one embodiment, the material is used to control pyrethroid-resistant bed bugs having a valine-to-leucine mutation (V419L) and / or a leucine-to-isoleucine mutation (L925I) in the voltage-gated sodium channel α subunit gene.

[0131] In one embodiment, the formulations described herein are combined with talc and / or graphite. In one embodiment, the compositions or methods described herein do not contain talc. In another embodiment, the formulations or methods described herein do not contain graphite or graphite composites. In yet another embodiment, the formulations or methods described herein do not contain graphite and / or talc composites. In yet another embodiment, the formulations or methods described herein contain trace amounts of talc or graphite. In yet another embodiment, the formulations or methods described herein contain less than about 5%, less than about 10%, less than about 20%, less than about 20%, less than about 30%, less than about 40%, or less than about 50% by weight of talc, graphite, or a combination of talc and graphite.

[0132] In yet another embodiment, the formulations described herein may be compounded with, for example, inert materials to improve the handling or packaging of silica, starch (natural and derived), clay, and other minerals. [Examples]

[0133] In addition, the following examples serve to illustrate certain aspects of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0134] Example 1: Testing with cockroaches An emulsifiable concentrate (EC) was used as a template to illustrate the enhancement of the present invention. One comparative EC was prepared in a standard manner (hereinafter referred to as "powder-free") by adding a solvent, surfactant, active ingredient, and other inert substances to a container and homogenizing them by simple mixing.

[0135] A second EC, similar to the first EC, was also formulated. However, this EC involved the addition of amorphous silica and a suspension aid in the final step to obtain the liquid powder formulation according to the present invention.

[0136] [Table 1]

[0137] Figure 1 shows the difference in residual insecticidal activity of the liquid powder formulation compared to the comparative formulation without powder as described in Table 1. The wood surface was measured at (5 mg β-cyfluthrin + 10 mg flupyradiflon) / m². 2 The mixture was sprayed and allowed to dry completely, after which German cockroaches were placed on the surface for 4 hours, after which they were removed from the treated surface and placed in a clean container for monitoring. The liquid powder formulation according to the present invention was found to have generally maintained its advantages over the control formulation without powder at 1 day after application (daa), and also at 7 and 14 days after application.

[0138] Experiment 2: (Test with bed bugs) There are no existing formulation types to which this invention would apply. In one container, flupyradiflon, β-cyfluthrin, and citric acid were dissolved in benzyl acetate. This solution was then adsorbed onto amorphous silica. Polyalkylene oxide-modified heptamethyltrisiloxane was added to this silica. In another container, a total amount of water was added. Next, surfactants, biocides, and defoamers were added to construct the SC. Silica was then added to this mixture using a homogenizer with moderate shear force. Once completely dispersed, glycerin and xanthan gum were added to stabilize the solution. The weight ratios (w / w%) used are listed in Table 2.

[0139] [Table 2]

[0140] As shown in Figure 2, susceptible bed bug strains (called MANDA strains) are found in liquid powder (30 mg ai / m²). 2 The formulations were directly sprayed with β-cyfluthrin + imidacloprid and monitored for mortality over time. The inclusion of powder in the formulation improved the killing rate of the formulation compared to the control. As a comparative example, the commercially available product "TEMPRID® FX" (Bayer CropScience LP) was used (named TEMPRID®). Both formulations had the same concentration of active ingredients, the only difference being the inclusion of powder in the liquid powder formulation (named KTD-1C).

[0141] Figure 3 shows that a bed bug resistant strain (called the ALBUQUERQUE strain) is being processed according to the present invention using a liquid powder (30 mg ai / m²). 2 The insecticide was sprayed directly with β-cyfluthrin + imidacloprid. Including the powder in the liquid formulation (named KTD-1C) improves the killing rate of the insecticide formulation compared to the control spray (named TEMPRID®). Both sprays have the same level of active ingredients; the only difference is the inclusion of powder within the liquid powder (designated KTD-1C). [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0142] [Figure 1] [Figure 2] [Figure 3]

Claims

1. An insecticide composition, wherein in the first step, (a) at least one surfactant, (b) at least one solvent, (c) Preparing an emulsifiable concentrate comprising at least one active insecticide component selected from the group consisting of sodium channel blockers, nicotinic receptor agonists, and combinations thereof, An insecticidal composition prepared by, in a second step, adding at least one carrier to the emulsifiable concentrate and suspending the carrier in the emulsifiable concentrate.

2. The insecticidal composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one active insecticidal component is at least one pyrethroid, at least one neonicotinoid, or a combination thereof.

3. The insecticidal composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one active insecticidal component is selected from the group consisting of α-cypermethrin, cyfluthrin, β-cyfluthrin, esfenvalerate, phenothrin, cyhalothrin, γ-cyhalothrin, λ-cyhalothrin, bifenthrin, and combinations thereof.

4. The insecticidal composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one active insecticidal component is selected from the group consisting of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, flupyradifurone, dinotefuran, clothianidin, and combinations thereof.

5. The insecticidal composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one active insecticidal component is a combination of at least one sodium channel blocker and at least one nicotinic receptor agonist.

6. The aforementioned at least one active insecticide component, (i) at least one sodium channel blocker selected from the group consisting of α-cypermethrin, cyfluthrin, β-cyfluthrin, esfenvalerate, phenothrin, cyhalothrin, γ-cyhalothrin, λ-cyhalothrin, bifenthrin, and combinations thereof, (ii) The insecticidal composition according to claim 1, comprising at least one nicotinic receptor agonist selected from the group consisting of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, flupyradifurone, dinotefuran, clothianidin, and combinations thereof.

7. The insecticidal composition according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the sodium channel blocker ("SCB") and the nicotinic receptor agonist ("NRA") are present in an SCB:NRA ratio of 1:200 to 200:1, or 1:100 to 100:1, or 1:50 to 50:1, or 1:25 to 25:1, or 1:10 to 10:

1.

8. The insecticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the at least one carrier is selected from the group consisting of silica aerogel, amorphous silica, microporous silica, talc, diatomaceous earth, clay, and combinations thereof.

9. The insecticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the at least one carrier is selected from the group consisting of silica aerogel, amorphous silica, microporous silica, and combinations thereof.

10. The insecticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of N,N-dimethyl(octanamide / decanamide), 1-octyl-2-pyrrolidone, benzyl acetate, benzyl benzoate, 2-ethylhexyl lactate, dibutylisosorbide, cyclohexanone, propylene glycol phenyl ether, and combinations and derivatives thereof.

11. The insecticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of sorbitol oleate polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene, block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene, tristyrylphenol ethoxylate / propoxylate, polyoxyethylene castor oil, and alkoxylated phosphate esters.

12. The insecticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising water.

13. The composition is obtained in the first step, (a) at least one surfactant, (b) at least one solvent, (c) Preparing an emulsifiable concentrate comprising at least one active insecticide component selected from the group consisting of sodium channel blockers, nicotinic receptor agonists, and combinations thereof, In the second step, at least one carrier is added to the emulsifiable concentrate, and the carrier is suspended in the emulsifiable concentrate. The insecticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, which is prepared in a third step by diluting the emulsifiable concentrate in water or another solvent.

14. A method for controlling insects, (a) At least one active insecticide component selected from the group consisting of sodium channel blockers, nicotinic receptor agonists, and combinations thereof, (b) at least one carrier, (c) at least one solvent, (d) A method comprising applying a spray-type insecticidal composition comprising at least one surfactant to an insect, egg, surface, or object to be treated.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the insect is a bed bug.

16. The composition is 0.001 mg ai / m ２ ~1000mg ai / m ２ , or 0.01 mg ai / m ２ ~500mg ai / m ２ , or 0.10 mg ai / m ２ ~250mg ai / m ２ , or 0.50 mg ai / m ２ ~150mg ai / m ２ The method according to claim 14 or 15, applied at the speed of [this speed].

17. A method for preparing a powdered insecticide composition, In the first step, (a) at least one surfactant, (b) at least one solvent, (c) Preparing an emulsifiable concentrate comprising at least one active insecticide component selected from the group consisting of sodium channel blockers, nicotinic receptor agonists, and combinations thereof, A method comprising, in a second step, adding at least one carrier to the emulsifiable concentrate and suspending the carrier in the emulsifiable concentrate.

18. The method according to claim 17, further comprising, in a third step, diluting the emulsifiable concentrate in water or another solvent to prepare a sprayable powder.

19. The insecticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the at least one carrier is an inert carrier possessing insecticidal activity.

20. The insecticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13 or 19, wherein the active insecticidal component is atomized or solubilized on the carrier particles.

21. The use of an insecticide composition, in the first step, (a) at least one surfactant, (b) at least one solvent, (c) Preparing an emulsifiable concentrate comprising at least one active insecticide component selected from the group consisting of sodium channel blockers, nicotinic receptor agonists, and combinations thereof, In the second step, at least one carrier is added to the emulsifiable concentrate, and the carrier is suspended in the emulsifiable concentrate. In the third step, the emulsifiable concentrate is prepared by diluting it in water or another solvent. The use of insecticidal compositions to control insects.

Images